Grammar in use-定语从句
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用who来代替，也 可省略。
• 你刚刚遇到的那个人正是我的老朋友。 • The man whom/who you met just now is my old friend.
• 3. which 指物，在定语从句中作主语或者宾语，做宾语时常可省 略。
• The manager in whose company I work pays much attention to improving our working conditions.
• 注意：1. 含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开，介词 仍然放在短语动词的后面。如：look for, look after, take care of等。
• 足球是大多数男孩所喜欢的运动。 • Football is a game which is liked by most boys. • 制造计算机的那家公司离这儿很远。 • The factory which makes computers is far away from here. • 他喜欢外国作家写的书。 • He likes to read books which are written by foreign writers.
• 3. “介词+关系代词”前还可以有some, any, none, all, both, neither, many, most, each, few等介词或者数词。 • 他深深地爱着他的父母，他们俩待他都很好。
• He loves his parents deeply, both of whom are very kind to him. • 篮子里有好些苹果，有些已经坏了。
• 5. whose 通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语。
• 我拜访了一个全国知名的科学家。 • I visited a scientist whose name is known all over the
country. • 他有一个爸爸当医生的朋友。 • He has a friend whose father is a doctor. • 我曾经住在那幢屋顶已经倒塌了的房子里。 • I once lived in the house whose roof has fallen in.
• 那个正在我和父亲握手的男人是一个警察。 • The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman.
• 关系代词引导的定语从句 • 1. who 指人，在定语从句中做主语。 • 正在踢足球的男孩是一班的。 • The boys who are playing football are from Class One. • 想去博物馆的人必须在明天早晨7点到大门口集合。 • Those who want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morning. • 昨天我帮助了一位迷路的老人。 • Yesterday I helped an old man who had lost his way. • 那就是教我们物理的老师。 • That is the teacher who teaches us physics.
• 2. whom 指人，在定语从句中做宾语，常可省略。 • 刘先生就是你们在公共汽车上谈论的那个人。 • Mr. Liu is the person whom you talked about on the bus. • 李明正是我想要见的男孩。 • Li Ming is just the boy whom I want to see. • 你正在等的教授已经来了。 • The professor whom you are waiting for has come. • 老师经常表扬的那个女孩是我们的班长。 • The girl whom the teacher often praises is our monitor.
• 这是我正在找的手表。 • （正）This is the watch which/that I am looking for. • （误）This is the watch for which I am looking. • 那个保姆照看的小宝宝们都很健康。 • （正）The babies whom/who/that the nurse is looking after are very healthy. • （误）The babies after whom the nurse is looking are very healthy.
• 春天以后的季节是夏季。 • The season that/which comes after spring is summer.
• 昨天我收到了一封来自澳大利亚的信。 • Yesterday I received a letter that/which came from
Australia.
Grammar in Use
定语从句
• 定义和相关术语 • 定语从句：修饰某一名词或者代词的从句叫做定语 从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。 • 先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫做先行词。 • 关系词：引导定语从句的词叫做关系词。 • 关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等。关系副词有 when, where, why等。 • 关系词通常有下列三个作用：A. 引导定语从句； B. 代替先行词；C. 在定语从句中担当一个成分。
interesting at all.
• 4. that 指人时，相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which。 在定语从句中做主语或宾语，作宾语时常可省略。
• 每年来参观这座城市的人数达一百万。 • The number of people that/who come to visit this city each
• 这是我昨天跟他打台球的男孩。 • This is the boy whom/who/that I played tennis with yesterday. • This is the boy with whom I played tennis with yesterday. • 我们将去听那位我们经常谈论的著名歌唱家演唱。 • We’ll go to hear the famous singer whom/who/that we often
• 2. 若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时只 可用whom，不可用who, that; 关系代词指物时 只可用which, 不可用that。关系代词是所有格 时用whose。
• 你刚才跟他谈话的那个人是我的邻居。 • （正）The man with whom you talked just now is my neighbor. • （误）The man with that/who you talked just now is my neighbor. • 我们去加拿大所乘坐的飞机实在很舒服。 • （正）The plane in which we flew to Canada was really comfortable. • （误）The plane in that we flew to Canada was really comfortable.
• 注意：指物时，常用下列结果来代替：
• 你喜欢封面是黄色的那本书吗？ • Do you like the book whose cover is yellow? • Do you like the book the cover of which is yellow?
• “介词+关系代词”引导的宾语从句
talk about. • We’ll go to hear the famous singer about whom we often talk.
• 我工作的那家公司的经理十分注意改善我们的工作条件。
• The manager whose company I work in pays much attention to improving our working conditions.
• Up to now, he has written ten stories, three of which are about country life.
• 关系副词引导的定语从句 • When 指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。 • 我仍然记得我第一次来到这所学校的那一天。 • I still remember the day when I first came to this school. • 我们团聚的时刻终于到了。 • The time when we got together finally arrived. • 1949年10月1日是中华人民共和国成立的日子。 • October 1, 1949 was the day when the People's Republic of China was founded. • 你还记得在农村和你祖父母一起生活的那些年吗？ • Do you remember the years when you lived in the countryside with your grandparents.
• Where 指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。 • 上海是我出生的城市。 • Shanghai is the city where I was born. • 我十年前住的房子已经被拆掉了。 • The house where I lived ten years ago
• In the basket there are quite many apples, some of which have gone bad. • 我们班总共有40个学生，大多数来自大城市。 • There are forty students in our class in all, most of whom are from big cities. • 迄今为止，他写了10部小说，其中3部是关于农村 生活的。
year reaches one million. • 我今天早上看到的那个人在哪儿？ • Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning? • 你介绍给我的那个人很友好。 • The person that/whom you introduced to me is very kind.
• 湖边的那幢房子看上去很漂亮。 • The house which is by the lake looks nice. • 这是他昨天买的钢笔。 • This is the pen which he bought yesterday. • 他们昨晚看的电影一点意思也没有。 • The film which they went to see last night was not
• 关系代词在定语从句中作介词的宾语时，从句常常 由“介词+关系代词”引出。
• 他曾经就读过的学校很出名。 • The school which/that he once studied in is very famous. • The school in which he once studied is very famous. • 明天我将把你要的杂志带来。 • Tomorrow I’ll bring here the magazine which/that you asked for. • Tomorrow I’ll bring here the magazine for which you asked.
• 你刚刚遇到的那个人正是我的老朋友。 • The man whom/who you met just now is my old friend.
• 3. which 指物，在定语从句中作主语或者宾语，做宾语时常可省 略。
• The manager in whose company I work pays much attention to improving our working conditions.
• 注意：1. 含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开，介词 仍然放在短语动词的后面。如：look for, look after, take care of等。
• 足球是大多数男孩所喜欢的运动。 • Football is a game which is liked by most boys. • 制造计算机的那家公司离这儿很远。 • The factory which makes computers is far away from here. • 他喜欢外国作家写的书。 • He likes to read books which are written by foreign writers.
• 3. “介词+关系代词”前还可以有some, any, none, all, both, neither, many, most, each, few等介词或者数词。 • 他深深地爱着他的父母，他们俩待他都很好。
• He loves his parents deeply, both of whom are very kind to him. • 篮子里有好些苹果，有些已经坏了。
• 5. whose 通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语。
• 我拜访了一个全国知名的科学家。 • I visited a scientist whose name is known all over the
country. • 他有一个爸爸当医生的朋友。 • He has a friend whose father is a doctor. • 我曾经住在那幢屋顶已经倒塌了的房子里。 • I once lived in the house whose roof has fallen in.
• 那个正在我和父亲握手的男人是一个警察。 • The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman.
• 关系代词引导的定语从句 • 1. who 指人，在定语从句中做主语。 • 正在踢足球的男孩是一班的。 • The boys who are playing football are from Class One. • 想去博物馆的人必须在明天早晨7点到大门口集合。 • Those who want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morning. • 昨天我帮助了一位迷路的老人。 • Yesterday I helped an old man who had lost his way. • 那就是教我们物理的老师。 • That is the teacher who teaches us physics.
• 2. whom 指人，在定语从句中做宾语，常可省略。 • 刘先生就是你们在公共汽车上谈论的那个人。 • Mr. Liu is the person whom you talked about on the bus. • 李明正是我想要见的男孩。 • Li Ming is just the boy whom I want to see. • 你正在等的教授已经来了。 • The professor whom you are waiting for has come. • 老师经常表扬的那个女孩是我们的班长。 • The girl whom the teacher often praises is our monitor.
• 这是我正在找的手表。 • （正）This is the watch which/that I am looking for. • （误）This is the watch for which I am looking. • 那个保姆照看的小宝宝们都很健康。 • （正）The babies whom/who/that the nurse is looking after are very healthy. • （误）The babies after whom the nurse is looking are very healthy.
• 春天以后的季节是夏季。 • The season that/which comes after spring is summer.
• 昨天我收到了一封来自澳大利亚的信。 • Yesterday I received a letter that/which came from
Australia.
Grammar in Use
定语从句
• 定义和相关术语 • 定语从句：修饰某一名词或者代词的从句叫做定语 从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。 • 先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫做先行词。 • 关系词：引导定语从句的词叫做关系词。 • 关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等。关系副词有 when, where, why等。 • 关系词通常有下列三个作用：A. 引导定语从句； B. 代替先行词；C. 在定语从句中担当一个成分。
interesting at all.
• 4. that 指人时，相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which。 在定语从句中做主语或宾语，作宾语时常可省略。
• 每年来参观这座城市的人数达一百万。 • The number of people that/who come to visit this city each
• 这是我昨天跟他打台球的男孩。 • This is the boy whom/who/that I played tennis with yesterday. • This is the boy with whom I played tennis with yesterday. • 我们将去听那位我们经常谈论的著名歌唱家演唱。 • We’ll go to hear the famous singer whom/who/that we often
• 2. 若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时只 可用whom，不可用who, that; 关系代词指物时 只可用which, 不可用that。关系代词是所有格 时用whose。
• 你刚才跟他谈话的那个人是我的邻居。 • （正）The man with whom you talked just now is my neighbor. • （误）The man with that/who you talked just now is my neighbor. • 我们去加拿大所乘坐的飞机实在很舒服。 • （正）The plane in which we flew to Canada was really comfortable. • （误）The plane in that we flew to Canada was really comfortable.
• 注意：指物时，常用下列结果来代替：
• 你喜欢封面是黄色的那本书吗？ • Do you like the book whose cover is yellow? • Do you like the book the cover of which is yellow?
• “介词+关系代词”引导的宾语从句
talk about. • We’ll go to hear the famous singer about whom we often talk.
• 我工作的那家公司的经理十分注意改善我们的工作条件。
• The manager whose company I work in pays much attention to improving our working conditions.
• Up to now, he has written ten stories, three of which are about country life.
• 关系副词引导的定语从句 • When 指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。 • 我仍然记得我第一次来到这所学校的那一天。 • I still remember the day when I first came to this school. • 我们团聚的时刻终于到了。 • The time when we got together finally arrived. • 1949年10月1日是中华人民共和国成立的日子。 • October 1, 1949 was the day when the People's Republic of China was founded. • 你还记得在农村和你祖父母一起生活的那些年吗？ • Do you remember the years when you lived in the countryside with your grandparents.
• Where 指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。 • 上海是我出生的城市。 • Shanghai is the city where I was born. • 我十年前住的房子已经被拆掉了。 • The house where I lived ten years ago
• In the basket there are quite many apples, some of which have gone bad. • 我们班总共有40个学生，大多数来自大城市。 • There are forty students in our class in all, most of whom are from big cities. • 迄今为止，他写了10部小说，其中3部是关于农村 生活的。
year reaches one million. • 我今天早上看到的那个人在哪儿？ • Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning? • 你介绍给我的那个人很友好。 • The person that/whom you introduced to me is very kind.
• 湖边的那幢房子看上去很漂亮。 • The house which is by the lake looks nice. • 这是他昨天买的钢笔。 • This is the pen which he bought yesterday. • 他们昨晚看的电影一点意思也没有。 • The film which they went to see last night was not
• 关系代词在定语从句中作介词的宾语时，从句常常 由“介词+关系代词”引出。
• 他曾经就读过的学校很出名。 • The school which/that he once studied in is very famous. • The school in which he once studied is very famous. • 明天我将把你要的杂志带来。 • Tomorrow I’ll bring here the magazine which/that you asked for. • Tomorrow I’ll bring here the magazine for which you asked.