专业英语试题

专业英语
一、Write the Chinese name for each of the following （每小题1分，共10分）
1. methane:
2. hexene:
3. hydroxyl group :
4. butylaldehyde:
5. quantitative analysis:
6. sodium hydroxide:
7. organic chemistry : 8. primary alcohol : 9. p -hydroxybenzoic acid: 10. oxyacid:
二、Write the English name for each of
the following （每小题2分,共20分）
1. 不饱和烃：
2. 官能团：
3. 氮元素：
4. 化学动力学： 6.
7.
CH 3CH 2CHCOOH
CH
3
CH 3CHCH
CH 2
CH 3
8. 134烷： 9. (CH 3CH 2)2Hg 10．
三、Translate the following sentences into Chinese （每题3分,共30分）
1．According to these new definitions and acid is any hydrogen containing species in which the bond holding the hydrogen can be broken so that the hydrogen ion can be lost.
2．Mineral-bearing water is often evaporated to give a solid free product for boiler feed or for human consumption.
3．If the unsatuaration is due to the presence of a triple bond the compounds are called alkynes.
4.
An acid was once defined as a substance that would form hydrogen ions in water solution and a base as one that would form hydroxide ions in the same.
5．The methyl group on the benzene ring greatly facilitates the nitration of toluene.
6. One of the outstanding properties of carbon atom is its ability to share its electrons with other carbon atoms.
7. Benzene can undergo the typical substitution reactions
of halogenation,nitration, sulphonation and
Friedel-Crafts reaction.
8. The two electrons involved in a covalent bond have their spins
oppositely directed.
9.It has long been the practice to attempt the synthesis of natural
products in the laboratory once their structure had been determined.
10.The homologs of benzene are those containing an alkyl
group or alkyl groups in place of one or more hydrogen
atoms.
四、Translate the following paragraphs into
Chinese（每题×分,共23分）
1. Dry the organic layer. After removing your solution from the
aqueous phase, a drying agent is added to remove all traces of water. This is usually MgSO
4
, more effective and faster, but
slightly acidic; or Na
2SO
4
, less effective and
slower, but neutral. These compounds bind to any
water remaining in the organic solution, forming clumps when they react. A decent amount of drying agent should be added, but as long as some solid is not clumped, no more needs to be added.
2．Distillation is an extremely useful technique that is used to purify reagents and separate crude product mixtures. There are two varieties of distillation atmospheric pressure and reduced pressure.(5分)
五、××题（每题×分,共××分）
1．2．。