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2013年考研系列——考研英语阅读常见一词多义

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2013考研英语一真题核心词汇

2013考研英语一真题核心词汇

2013考研英语一真题核心词汇第一篇阅读文章核心词汇1. version ①说法②版本，译本2. play 扮演，演出；3. scold 责备，怪罪4. descend 下来，传下来，堕落5. fashion ①时装，时尚；②流行in fashion 在流行；go out of fashion 不流行，过时6. department stores 百货商店; chain store 连锁店; flag store 旗舰店7. bargain (n.)廉价品，处理品；(v.) 讨价还价8. bin 桶，柜；dustbin 垃圾桶9. garment 衣服，服装10. doubtless 毫无疑问11. sweater 毛线衣12. top-down 专制的，从上到下的a top-down approach/strategy专制的方式或策略13. conception ①思想，概念②受孕14. You could not be more wrong. 你大错特错了。

I couldn’t agree with you more. 你说得太对了。

15. at odds with 与…不合，与…意见不一致，比如：Her version of the events of that night is quitedramatically at odds with his. 她对那天晚上所发生事情的讲法和他的有很大差异。

16. feverish 发热的，兴奋的，狂乱的17. indictment 起诉，控诉，谴责18. advance 进步，前进19. label 公司，公司的产品或标志，20. such as比如21. Uniqlo 日本服装品牌名，日本服饰零售商22. react to/against 对…做出反应23. turnaround ①周转时间②(尤指生意或经济的)突然好转，起色，转机24. inventory ①详细目录, 清单②储备, 存货25. release (n.) 释放，排放，解除；公映的新影片，发布的新闻，新发行的影片; 发行物26. style-conscious 有时尚意识的27. disposable 一次性的，(收入)可自由支配的、扣除税款后余下的disposable plastic bags 一次性塑料袋，Gerald had little disposable income. 杰拉尔德的可支配收入很少。

2013考研英语一阅读理解逐句翻译

2013考研英语一阅读理解逐句翻译

2013 Text 1Paragraph 11、In the 2006 film version of The Devil Wears Prada, Miranda Priestly, played by Meryl Streep, scold her unattractive assistant for imagining that high fashion doesn`t affect her. 2006年的一部电影《穿普拉达的女王》有段情节这样演绎：Meryl Streepb扮演的Miranda Priestly，斥责她毫无吸引力的助手，因为她反映高端时尚并不能感染她.1.1 version英/'vɜːʃ(ə)n/ 美/'vɝʒn/n. 版本；译文；倒转术1.2 devil英/'dev(ə)l/ 美/'dɛvl/n. 魔鬼；撒旦；家伙；恶棍vt. 折磨1.3 scold英/skəʊld/ 美/skold/n. 责骂；爱责骂的人vt. 骂；责骂vi. 责骂；叱责1.4 assistant英/ə'sɪst(ə)nt/ 美/ə'sɪstənt/n. 助手，助理，助教adj. 辅助的，助理的；有帮助的2、Priestly explains how the deep blue color of the assistant`s sweater descended over the years from fashion shows to department stores and to the bargain bin in which the poor girl doubtless found her garment. 然后Priestly说明了助手毛衫的深蓝色是如何从时尚展览中慢慢伸展到百货商店再到平价店中，毫无疑问是这个可怜女孩挑选了这件衣服的地方。

2.1 descend英/dɪ'send/ 美/dɪ'sɛnd/vi. 下降；下去；下来；遗传；屈尊vt. 下去；沿…向下2.2 bargain英/ˈbɑːɡɪn/ 美/ˈbɑrɡɪn/n. 交易；便宜货；契约v. 讨价还价；议价；(谈价钱后)卖2.3 bin英/bɪn/ 美/bɪn/n. 箱子，容器；二进制vt. 把…放入箱中2.4 garment英/'gɑːm(ə)nt/ 美/'gɑrmənt/n. 衣服，服装；外表，外观vt. 给…穿衣服Paragraph 21、This top-down conception of the fashion business couldn`t be more out of date or at odds with feverish world described in Overdressed, Elizabeth Cline`s three-year indictment of “fast fashion”. 时尚业管理严密的理念已经非常过时了，或与Elizabeth Cline对“快餐时尚”的这三年的控诉书《过度装扮》中所描述的狂热不一致。

2013考研英语历年知识运用高频词常考义汇总

2013考研英语历年知识运用高频词常考义汇总

说明：底色绿色的为排版中需要表为粗体的，即文中讲解词组。

字色红色的为该题目正确选项。

（1）6次以上词频make [17][真题考查词义]1. 制造，做，组装2. 使处于…状态：~+n.+ a.+ to do，~sth +a.，~it +a.+ for…to do3. 表使动：~sb do4.做，作出（决定、估计等）[真题考查搭配] 5. ~up形成，构成 6.~friends交朋友7.~ sure确保8. make (for) 走向，有利于，倾向于，导致[精选真题例句]1. Vitamins are similar because they are made of the same elements—usually carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and 5nitrogen.（1996）rising unemployment 11(in general) make gainful employment increasingly difficult to obtain. (2004)(2001)13. ［A］changes［B］makes［C］sets［D］6(Moreover), inaccurate or indefinite words mayunderstand the 8 which is being transmitted to him. （1994）3. Research on animal intelligence always makes us wonder just how smart humans are.（2009）the designer has to make many of the same kind of 14’s population.（2006）that the viewer does not miss some point of interest. （1991）work [16][真题考查词义]1. v.工作，干活2. n. 工作，活计，劳动[真题考查搭配]3.work force劳动力4. ~for 产生（预想的效果）5．~up逐步建立，逐步发展，逐步引起[真题扩充词汇]6. working a. ：~ parents 在职的父母（2004原）；~ vocabulary常用词汇（1994原）；~ hours 工作时间（1990原）[精选真题例句]1. He is that __2（rare）__ bird, a scientist who works independently __3（of）__ any institution. （2008原）2. The communications revolution has 18（influenced）both work and leisure and how we thinkand feel both about place and time.（2002原）4. For example, a theater with poor sight lines, poor sound shaping qualities, and 11（too）few entries and exits will not work for12（its）purpose, no matter how beautifully it might be 13（decorated）. （1993原）5．It was during the same time that the communications revolution 5 up.5.\[A\] gathered\[B\] speeded\[C\] worked\[D\] picked （2003）come [13][真题考查词义]1．（时间）到来，（事件）发生2．来，来到[真题考查搭配]3．~from来自于……4．~in可提供、可利5．~to达到（某种状态或境地）6．~up（尤指步行）走近7．~off脱落，分开；进行，举行；达到效果，成功8．~into变成、成为……；进入（某种状态或境地）9．~round（到某人家中）拜访；改变观点；（如往常一样）降临，发生；恢复知觉，苏醒[精选真题例句]1．Early promises to end Indian tribute and taxes on people of mixed origin came much 18（slower）because the new nations still needed the revenue such policies 19（produced）. （2007）2. She looked round at the assistant who had come softly to her 10(side). （1986）3．Teenagers are especially self conscious and need the 5（confidence）that comes from achieving success and knowing that their accomplishments are 6（admired）by others. （2003）4．There is so much 4（potential）pure water here that it would need only a fraction of it to turn much of the desert or poorly irrigated parts of the world into rich farmland. And what useful packages it would come in! （1989）5．Vast areas of desert throughout the world may for the first time 1 and provide millions of hectares of land where now nothing grows.1. ［A］come to life［B］come into existence［C］come into activity［D］come round （1989）6．We ve chairs of all kinds in the showroom. If you ll just come up, you will find something to suit you.（1986）7．There can be no question about the value of a safety program. ⑩From a financial standpoint alone, safety8.8.\[A\] comes off\[B\] turns up\[C\] pays off\[D\] holds up（1994）8．Vast areas of desert throughout the world may for the first time 1 and provide millions of hectares of land where now nothing grows.1. ［A］come to life［B］come into existence［C］come into activity［D］come round （1989）say [12]【真题考查词义】1.说，讲；表达，表述2.[僻] （书面材料或可见的东西）提供信息，指示【真题考查搭配】3.be ~ed to do/be据说…【精选真题例句】1. The idea that some groups of people may be more intelligent than others is one of those hypotheses that dare not speak its name. But Gregory Cochran is __1（prepared）__ to say it anyway. （2008）2. There was a card on the chair which said: “This fine chair is yours 7（for）less than a pounda week,”and very small at the bottom, “Cash price eighty nine pounds fifty.”（1986）3. Up to 19 witnesses were 18 to have received payments for telling their stories to newspapers. 18. ［A］stated［B］remarked［C］said［D］told（2001）look [11]【真题考查词义】1. 看起来：+a.2. 看，瞧：~（at）3. 看来好像，似乎，仿佛：~（like）4. 找寻，寻找：~（for）【真题考查搭配】5. ~to依赖，期待，指望；6. ~into调查，审查7. ~for期望，期待8. ~at （仔细）察看，检查；思考，研究；（用某种方式）看待9. ~back（over）回首，回顾10. ~round环视，环顾；回头看11. ~on旁观；看作，视为，看待【精选真题例句】1. For example, it has long been known that total sleep 6（deprivation）is 100 percent fatal to rats, yet, 7（upon）examination of the dead bodies, the animals look completely normal.（1995）2. “Oh, well, no,” she said. “I was just looking.”（1986）For an hour or 1（so）she would walk up and down between the stalls looking at everything, buying here and there, and..（1986）3. You would be 6（shocked）if the inside of your bedroom were suddenly changed to look 7 the inside of a restaurant.7. ［A］like ［B］for ［C］at ［D］into（1993）4. They were looking for a place where they could worship God 1（in their own way）.（1988）5. The roughly 20 million 1（inhabitants）of these nations looked 2（hopefully）to the future.（2007）6. Scientists are already looking into the possibility of using some of the available ice in the Arctic and Antarctic.（1989）7. 见例38. 见例39. In the fall, they look back 7 the past year.7. ［A］in［B］of［C］over［D］at（1988）10. One Wednesday she found a new shop full of the most delightful things, with a notice inviting anyone to walk in and look 5 without feeling they had to buy something.5. ［A］behind［B］round［C］back［D］on（1986）“Can I help you, Madam?” She looked round at the assistant who had come softly to her 10（side）.（1986）11. 见例10mean [11]【真题考查词义】1. v.意味着2. [僻] a.平均的，介于中间的3. [僻] a.(人的理解力或能力)平庸的，一般的【真题扩充词汇】4. ~ing n.含义，意义【精选真题例句】1. This means that our noses are 3（limited）to perceiving those smells which float through the air, 4（missing）the majority of smells which stick to surfaces. （2005）This may mean the difference between operating at 10（a profit）or at a loss. （1999）2. This group generally do well in IQ tests, __9（scoring）__ 12-15 points above the __10__ value of 100, and have contributed __11（disproportionately）__ to the intellectual and cultural life of the West.10. ［A］normal ［B］common ［C］mean ［D］total（2008）3. They 1（admitted）that in the long run industrialization greatly raised the standard of living for the 2 man.2.［A］plain［B］average［C］mean［D］normal（1998）4. 5（Above）all, he has to be able to 6（create）a continuous sequence of visual images which 7（add）meaning to the sounds which the listener hears.（1991）take [11][真题考查词义]1．花费，用去，消耗2．吃、摄入3．从…中取出，取得：~sth from sth4．带走、拿走：~sth with sb5．乘坐[真题考查搭配]6．~off 起飞；模仿（某人）；（体育运动等中）换下（某人）；脱下；休假；取消，停演；剪掉，截去7．~ over接替，接任，接管8．~to逃往，躲到；养成…习惯；培养…能力；开始喜欢9．~away解除，消除（感情、痛苦等）10．~for当作，误认为[精选真题例句]1．It takes more upkeep, burns more fuel and is slow 6（off）the starting line because it depends on learning—a(n) 7（gradual）process—instead of instinct.（2009）2．Many people,10（meanwhile）, believe in being on the “safe side”and thus take extra vitamins.（1996）3．However, 8（while）the iceberg was at its destination, more that 7,000 million cubic metres of water could be taken from it! （1989）4．He was not only allowed to go without further delay, but to take the string of pearls with him.（1987）5．On Wednesday afternoons Annie took the bus into town to shop in the market. （1986）6．What makes the space shuttle 11（unique）is that it takes off like a rocket but lands like an airplane.（1992）7．At work, robots will take 7 most jobs in the manufacturing industries.7. ［A］to［B］away［C］off［D］over（1990）8．见例79．见例710．18, they can help students acquire a sense of commitment by 19 for roles that are within their 20（capabilities）and their attention spans and by having clearly stated rules.19.\[A\] making\[B\] standing \[C\] planning\[D\] taking （2003）way [11]【真题考查词义】1. n.方法：in+~【真题考查搭配】2. in one’s own ~以…的特有方式3. in a~在某种程度上，不完全地4. by the~顺便提一下、问一句5. on the~即将去（或来）；在路途中【精选真题例句】1. Finding ways to 10（assist）this growing homeless population has become increasingly difficult.（2006）The speaker who does not have specific words in his working vocabulary may be 9（unable）to explain or describe in a 10 that can be understood by his listeners.（1994）10. ［A］case ［B］means ［C］method ［D］way2. They were looking for a place where they could worship God 1.1. ［A］in their own style［B］in their own way［C］on their own ［D］of their own （1988）3.And then, with all the things she needed 3（bought）she would leave the market for the streets of the town to spend another hour 4 she liked best4. ［A］in a way［B］by the way［C］in the way［D］on the way（1986）commit [9]【真题考查词义】1. 犯罪，犯错2. 承诺，保证（做某事，遵守协议等）：be ~ed to【真题扩充词汇】3. commitment n.承诺，许诺4. ~tee委员会【精选真题例句】1. many theories concerning the causes of juvenile delinquency (crimes committed by young people) （2004）2. This means that our noses are 3 to perceiving those smells which float through the air, 4（missing）the majority of smells which stick to surfaces.3. ［A］limited［B］committed［C］dedicated［D］confined（2005）3. they can help students acquire a sense of commitment by 19（planning）for roles that are within their 20 and their attention spans （2003）4. in a letter to Gerald Kaufman, chairman of the House of Commons Media Select Committee （2001）increase [9]【真题考查词义】1. v.增加【真题扩充词汇】2. increasingly ad. 越来越多地，不断增加地【精选真题例句】1. 7（Although）the figure may vary, analysts do agree on another matter: that the number of the homeless is 8.8. ［A］inflating ［B］expanding ［C］increasing ［D］extending（2006）All these conditions tend to increase the probability of a child committing a criminal act.（2004）2. Finding ways to 10（assist）this growing homeless population has become increasingly difficult.（2006）particular [9]【真题考查词义】1. 特定的，特指的【真题考查搭配】2. in ~（见逻辑连接词）(2001)【真题扩充词汇】3. ~ly尤其，特别【精选真题例句】1. The group in __8（question）__ are a particular people originated from central Europe.（2008）This may be because some people do not have the genes necessary to generate 10 smell receptors in the nose.10. ［A］unusual［B］particular［C］unique［D］typical3. After examining several trays, he decided to buy a particularly fine string of pearls and asked if he could pay by Cheques. （1987）provide [10]【真题考查词义】1.提供【真题扩充词汇】2. ~ed (that) prep./conj.（见“逻辑连接词”）【精选真题例句】1. A variety of small clubs can provide 10（multiple）opportunities for leadership, as well as for practice in successful 11（group）dynamics.（2003）think [9]【真题考查词义】1. 认为，以为：be thought to do/to be/+a.，~that2. 思考【真题考查搭配】3. think of sb/sth把…看作，把…视为4. at the thought of一想到…5. give thought to思考，考虑【真题扩充词汇】6. thought n. （见【搭配】）【精选真题例句】1.He helped popularize the idea that some diseases not__4（previously）__ thought to have a bacterial cause were actually infections.（2008）These facts, __14（however）__, have previously been thought unrelated.（2008）Humans are often thought to be insensitive smellers compared with animals.（2005）Engineers think that an iceberg up to seven miles long and one and a half miles wide could be transported if the tug pulling it was as big as a supertanker!（1989）2.The communications revolution has 18（influenced）both work and leisure and how we think and feel both about place and time.（2002）3.They were thought of, like people, 15（in terms of）generations, with the distance between generations much 16（smaller）.（2002）4.__5（Even）__ he, however, might tremble at the __6__ of what he is about to do.6. ［A］thought ［B］sight ［C］cost ［D］risk（2008）5. And they also need to give serious 1 to how they can best 2（accommodate）such changes.1.\[A\] thought\[B\] idea \[C\] opinion\[D\] advice （2003）usual [9]【真题考查词义】1. 通常的，寻常的，惯常的【真题考查搭配】2. as~照例，像往常一样【真题扩充词汇】3. ~ly通常地，正常地，一般地4. un~不寻常的，特别的【精选真题例句】1. We are not 17（aware）of the usual smell of our own house, but we 18（notice）new smells when we visit someone else s.（2005）2.Research on animal intelligence also makes us wonder what experiments animals would 13on humans if they had the chance. Every cat with an owner, 14 , is running a small scale study in operant conditioning.14. ［A］by chance ［B］in contrast ［C］as usual ［D］for instance（2009）3.This may 16（also）explain why we are not usually sensitive to our own smells—we simply do not need to be.（2005）4.His argument is that the unusual history of these people has __19（subjected）__ them to unique evolutionary pressures that have resulted in this __20（paradoxical）__ state of affairs.（2008）get [8]【真题考查词义】1.获取2.变得：系动词~+a.【真题考查搭配】3.~into到达，进入到（某地）；处于（某种状态）4. ~up起身5.~over sth解决，克服；（to sb）把……（向某人）说清楚，使理解【精选真题例句】1. 8 enough vitamins is essential to life, although the body has no nutritional use for 9（excess）vitamins.8.［A］Supplying ［B］Getting［C］Providing［D］Furnishing（1996）2. Holidays will get longer; six weeks will be the normal annual holiday. （1990）3. This is because when the sun has a bigger area to warm 10（up）, less heat actually gets into the iceberg. （1989）the police would arrive at any moment and he had better stay 7（unless）he wanted to get into serious trouble（1987）4. When he got up to go, the manager told him that the police would arrive at any moment and he had better stay 7（unless）he wanted to get into serious trouble. （1987）5. The former has been __15__ to social effects, such as a strong tradition of __16(valuing)__ education.15. ［A］given up ［B］got over ［C］carried on ［D］put down（2008）keep [8]【真题考查词义】1.（使）保持，处于：~sth+a.2.存放，储存【真题考查搭配】3. ~a lookout for注意，留心【精选真题例句】1. The brain finds it best to keep smell receptors 19（available）for unfamiliar and emergency signals 20（such as）the smell of smoke, which might indicate the danger of fire.（2005）2.He went to a famous jewelry shop which keeps a large 5（stock）of precious stones and asked to be shown some pearl necklaces. （1987）3.For an hour or 1（so）she would walk up and down between the stalls looking at everything,buying here and there, and 2 a sharp lookout for the bargains that were sometimes to be had 2. ［A］taking［B］making［C］fixing［D］keeping （1986）possible [8]【真题考查词义】1. 可能的【真题扩充词汇】2. ~ly 与can’t，couldn’t等否定词连用，以加强语气3. ~ility可能性4. im~ 不可能的；the impossible n.不可能的事【精选真题例句】1. Whenever we need to be indoors, we want our surroundings to be 4（as）attractive and comfortable as possible. （1993）2. 1（Indeed），homelessness has reached such proportions that local governments can t possibly 2（cope）.（2006）3. Scientists are already looking into the possibility of using some of the available ice in the Arctic and Antarctic. （1989）4. The space shuttle, the world s first true spaceship, is a magnificent step 15 making the impossible possible for the benefit and survival of man. （1992）available [7]【真题考查词义】1. 可获得的，可得到的【真题扩充词汇】2. ~ility可获得性，可得到，有效性【精选真题例句】1. The brain finds it best to keep smell receptors 19 for unfamiliar and emergency signals 20（such as）the smell of smoke.19. ［A］available［B］reliable［C］identifiable［D］suitable（2005）2. Other 17（identifiable）causes of offensive acts include frustration or failure in school, the increased 18 of drugs and alcohol…18.\[A\] expense \[B\] restriction \[C\] allocation \[D\] availability（2004）describe [7]【真题考查词义】1.描述，形容【真题扩充词汇】2. description【精选真题例句】1. the new experiments, such as those 4 for the first time at a recent meeting of the Society for Sleep Research in Minneapolis4. ［A］maintained［B］described ［C］settled ［D］afforded（1995）2. Below is a description of what our life will be in the year 2001 as predicted by a 4（present day）writer.（1990）effect 7【真题考查词义】1. n.效应，影响，结果2. v.使发生，实现，引起【真题考查搭配】3. in ~实际上，事实上；（法律或规则）在实施中，有效【真题扩充词汇】4. ~ive a.产生预期结果的，有效的5. ineffective a. 无效果的；不起作用的【精选真题例句】1. The former has been __15（put down）__ to social effects, such as a strong tradition of __16（valuing）__ education. （2008）2. The communications revolution has 18 both work and leisure and how we think and feel both about place and time18.\[A\] regarded\[B\] impressed\[C\] influenced\[D\] effected（2002）3. It was during the same time that the communications revolution 5（speeded）up, beginning with transport, the railway, and leading 6（on）through the telegraph, the telephone, radio, and motion pictures 7（into）the 20th century world of the motor car and the airplane. Not everyone sees that process in 8.8.\[A\] concept\[B\] dimension\[C\] effect\[D\] perspective （2002）4. When television first began to expand, very few of the people who had become famous as radio commentators were able to be equally effective on television.（1991）5. The explanation for insensitivity to smell seems to be that the brain finds it 14 to keep all smell receptors working all the time but can 15（create）new receptors if necessary.14. ［A］ineffective［B］incompetent［C］inefficient［D］insufficient（2005）give [7]【真题考查词义】1. 给，给予【真题考查搭配】2. thanks ~ing day 感恩节3. ~ sth/oneself up（to）把……让给；使（自己）陷入（某种感情而不加控制）【真题扩充词汇】【精选真题例句】1. 11（even）when homeless individuals manage to find a 12（shelter）that will give them three meals a day and a place to sleep at night（2006）3. The former has been __15__ to social effects, such as a strong tradition of __16（valuing）__ education.15. ［A］given up ［B］got over ［C］carried on ［D］put down（2008）light [7]【真题考查词义】1.明亮的，有自然光的【真题考查搭配】2. cast ~on 使（问题等）较容易理解3. in the ~of考虑到，鉴于【真题扩充词汇】4. ~ing n.照明【精选真题例句】1. This suggests that 3 bulbs burn longer, that there is a(n) 4（advantage）in not being too bright.3. ［A］thinner ［B］stabler ［C］lighter ［D］dimmer（2009）2. A researcher has now 8 the mystery of why the animals die.8. ［A］paid attention to［B］caught sight of ［C］laid emphasis on ［D］cast light on(1995) 3. it was not 2（until）the 19th century that the newspaper became the dominant pre electronic 3（medium），following in the wake of the pamphlet and the book and in the 4of the periodical.4.\[A\] process\[B\] company\[C\] light\[D\] form（2002）4. He or she must coordinate the shapes, lighting and decoration of everything from ceiling to floor.（1993）result [7]【真题考查词义】1. n.后果，结果【真题考查搭配】2. ~in造成，导致3. as a~结果…【真题扩充词汇】4. ~ing a.因而发生的，因此而产生的【精选真题例句】1. 18（Above all）, they would hope to study a(n) 19（fundamental）question: Are humans actually aware of the world they live in? 20（So far）the results are inconclusive. （2009）2. His argument is that the unusual history of these people has __19(subjected)__ them to unique evolutionary pressures that have resulted in this __20(paradoxical)__ state of affairs.（2008）3. it would be 7（wise）to plan activities in which there are more winners than losers, 8，publishing newsletters with many student written book reviews,8.\[A\] in effect \[B\] as a result \[C\] for example\[D\] in a sense（2003）4. The resulting discontent may in 12（turn）lead more youths into criminal behavior.（2004）suggest [7]【真题考查词义】1. 表明，显示，暗示【精选真题例句】1. Together with another two scientists, he is publishing a paper which not only __7__ that one group of humanity is more intelligent than the others, but explains the process that has brought this about.7. ［A］advises ［B］suggests ［C］protests ［D］objects（2008）Dr Cochran suggests that the intelligence and the diseases are intimately __18（linked）__.（2008）turn [7]【真题考查词义】1.（使）变成，成为【真题考查搭配】2.~out 结果证明是3.~ （sth）around （使）扭转、好转4.in~ 转而，相反地5.~over 使转身，翻转；认真思考；（商店）周转6.~on接通（电流、煤气、水等），打开，启动7.~up调高（音量、热量等）；（被）找到，意外发现；出现，露面【精选真题例句】1.There is so much 4 (potential) pure water here that it would need only a fraction of it to turn much of the desert or poorly irrigated parts of the world into rich farmland. (1989)2.Intelligence, it 5 , is a high priced option.5. ［A］insists on ［B］sums up ［C］turns out ［D］puts forward（2009）3.Many others, 14(while) not addicted or mentally ill, simply lack the everyday 15(survival) skills needed to turn their lives 16.16. ［A］around ［B］over ［C］on ［D］up (2006)4.For example, changes in the economy that 10(lead) to fewer job opportunities for youth and rising unemployment 11(in general) make gainful employment increasingly difficult to obtain. The resulting discontent may in 12 lead more youths into criminal behavior. (2004)12.\[A\] case \[B\] short \[C\] turn \[D\] essence5. Many others, 14(while) not addicted or mentally ill, simply lack the everyday 15(survival) skills needed to turn their lives 16.16. ［A］around［B］over ［C］on ［D］up (2006)experience [6]【真题考查词义】1. v. 经历，经受；感受，体验2. n. 经验，实践3. n. （一次）经历，体验【精选真题例句】1. Teachers need to be aware of the emotional, intellectual, and physical changes that young adults experience. （2003）2. Therefore, they were able to get enough fresh meat despite their lack of skill or experience in hunting and fishing.（1988）3. An old and very wealthy friend of mine told me he had an extremely unpleasant experience. （1987）go [6]【真题考查词义】1.去，走，去往，离开，出发2.（为某目的）去（某处）3.~on to sth进而转入另外一件事4.~ by（时间）逝去，过去【真题扩充词汇】【精选真题例句】1.He went to a famous jewelry shop which (1987)2.The Lord Chancellor said introduction of the Human Rights Bill…laid down that everybody was 15（entitled）to privacy and that public figures could go to court to protect themselves and their families. （2001）3.A variety of activities should be organized 15（so that）participants can remain active as long as they want and then go on to16（something）else without feeling guilty.（2003）4.As time went by, computers became smaller and more powerful, and they became “personal” too.（2002）leave [6]【真题考查词义】1. 离开…（去…）：~…（for）2.把…留交，交托【真题考查搭配】3. ~ … in the dust把某人远远抛在后面，使望尘莫及【精选真题例句】1.In 1620, a small sailboat named the Mayflower left England for the New World. (1988)2.the 11（interpretation）of privacy controls contained in European legislation would be left to judges 12（rather than）to Parliament （2001）3.Instead of casting a wistful glance 10（backward）at all the species we ve left in the dust I.Q. wise, it implicitly asks what the real 11（costs）of our own intelligence might be.（2009）medium [6]【真题考查词义】1. n. （传播信息的）媒介，媒体（复数media）2.[僻] a.中等的，中号的【精选真题例句】1. it was not 2（until）the 19th century that the newspaper became the dominant pre electronic 33.\[A\] means\[B\] method\[C\] medium\[D\] measure（2002）02原media，正1 3t，01原2 its impact on the media was not immediately 12（apparent）（2002）2. That would probably be more than enough for any medium sized city even in the hottest summer! （1989）sense [6]【真题考查词义】1. n. 理解力，判断力：a ~of+ n.2. n. 含义，理解……的方式，看待……的角度：in+~3. v. 感觉到，意识到，觉察出1. they can help students acquire a sense of commitment （2003）But the 19th century French novelist Jules Verne may be called a futurologist in the fullest 2 of the word.（1990）2. ［A］sense［B］meaning［C］detail［D］implication3. These receptors are the cells which sense smells and send 11(messages) to the brain. (2005)state [6]【真题考查词义】1. n.状态，状况：state of ~事态，情况2. n.国家3. v.规定，公布4. v.陈述，说明，声明【精选真题例句】1. His argument is that the unusual history of these people has __19（subjected）__ them to unique evolutionary pressures that have resulted in this __20（paradoxical）__ state of affairs.（2008）2. 6（Generally）there was a belief that the new nations should be sovereign and independent states.（2007）3. They can help students acquire a sense of commitment by 19（planning）for roles that are within their 20（capabilities）and their attention spans and by having clearly stated rules.（2003）4. Up to 19 witnesses were 18 to have received payments for telling their stories to newspapers. 18. ［A］stated［B］remarked［C］said［D］told （2001）这些经常在知识运用中出现的高频词绝大多数都是基础词汇。

考研英语(一)高频重点单词详解——2013阅读Text 2(上)

考研英语(一)高频重点单词详解——2013阅读Text 2(上)

考研英语（一）高频重点单词详解——2013阅读Text 2（上）这篇文章主要讨论用户是否愿意接受网络跟踪性质的广告，以及一些互联网公司对于这样一种产品的态度。

以下是本文中出现的10个高频重点单词，就让我们一起来学习吧！1.7 budget ['bʌdʒɪt]n. 预算vt. 安排，把…编入预算adj. 廉价的【词根记忆】：bud(萌芽)+ get(获得)→未成形之前获得的→未进行就省下的钱→预算【短语搭配】：financial budget 财务预算budget for 为…作预算【真题例句】：An old saying has it that half of all advertising budgets are wasted—the trouble is, no one knows which half. 古语云：有一半的广告预算浪费掉了——问题是，没人知道这一半浪费在哪?2. 4 fraction ['frækʃ(ə)n]n. 分数;部分【词根记忆】：fract(break,“打碎”)+ ion(名词后缀)→打碎之后就成了碎片【短语搭配】：a fraction of 一小部分【真题例句】：In the Internet age, at least in theory, this fraction can be much reduced. 至少从理论而言，在互联网时代，这部分预算是可以大大缩减的。

3. 22 reduce [rɪ'djuːs]v.减少;归纳为【词根记忆】：re(回)+duce(引导)→往回引→缩减【真题例句】：Now a pink slip, a bad diagnosis, or a disappearing spouse can reduce a family from solidly middle class to newly poor in a few months. 如今一纸解雇通知书、一份疾病诊断报告或夫妻协议书都可能会让一个稳定的中产家庭在几个月内变成新的贫困户。

考研英语一词多义

考研英语一词多义

考研英语一词多义总结前言大家虽然费了很大力气才记住一些单词，在考试中却往往起不到作用。

其实，任何人如果能够多了解一些英语语言学的基础知识，便可以对这种情况有比较清楚的认识。

英语语义学将一个单词的含义划分为七个层面，普通英汉词典中给出的往往只是单词的概念意义（ conceptual meaning ），或者至多也不过是供参考和选择的潜在语意，即脱离了使用场合后的基本含义，其目的只是为了方便学习者对单词进行记忆。

但大家都很明白，单词一旦脱离使用环境就不再具有任何实际意义了。

另外，从词源学角度讲，每个单词在特定时期通常只有一个主导含义。

考研英语考试中选取的语篇基都是最新材,因此词汇含义当然也是最新的，有些甚至市面上通行的词典还未来得及收录。

针对这种情况，笔者特意为考生编制了这个一词多义总结。

名为多义，实际上除了个别意义确实较多的单词外，大部分还是一义，即这些单词在近年考试真题中出现时的最主要含义（有些条目指的是注释中带有下划线的部分）。

当然，如果某些单词的常用含义确实不止一个，我们也基于语用学的基本原则为大家指出这些含义所使用的场合（为使考生理解得更加准确，个别单词甚至附上其英语解释）。

例子:1.If you then examined the European national youth teams that feed the World Cup and professional ranks,you would find this strange phenomenon to be even more pronounced.2.There are upsetting parallels today, as scientists in one wave after another try to awaken us to the growingthreat of global warming3.The wear-and-tear that comes from these longer relationships can be quite devastating.4.Managers have been more than willing to adjust team uniforms to fit the growing numbers of bigger, longerframes.5.Thomas Jefferson had fathered at least one child with his slave Sally Hemings.6.Works by Gore Vidal, Henry Wiencek, and Garry Wills reveal the fragile nature of the country's infancy.7.This “ added-worker effect” could support the safety net to help families weather bad times.8.trading much or all of their guaranteed payments for payments depending on investment9.bosses and boards have finally sorted out their worst accounting and compliance troubles.10.For younger families, the picture is not any better.11.This is “t he democratizing uniformity of dress and discourse12.The large, slow-growing animals were easy game.13.A bill by Democratic Senator Robert Byrd of West Virginia is a promising start.14.Americans no longer expect public figuresto command the English language with skill and gift.15.On the day after we send our messages, we see a sharp increase in our traffic.正文部分•above / beyond: 介词，后面接抽象而不是具体名词时表示“无法做到”，例如：“ above comprehension ”的意思是“无法理解”。

考研英语词汇大全之2013年考研英语真题词汇讲解

考研英语词汇大全之2013年考研英语真题词汇讲解

考研英语词汇大全之2013年考研英语真题词汇讲解考研英语大纲词汇5500，要全部熟练掌握不是那么容易，尤其对于背单词尤为头疼的考生，在背单词时最好能够把握一些重点和常考词汇，主次分明，更加有效率。

下面凯程在线分享历年真题中涉及的词汇，配以真题例句，帮助考生更好的来学习。

下面是2013年真题词汇讲解，大家看看。

1.grant (vt.给予，准许),external (.外部的)[真题例句] At first glance this might seem like a strength that grants the ability to make judgments which are unbiased by external factors.乍一看这好像是一种优势，能够使人作出不受外界因素影响的公正的决定。

【考研，2013，完形】2、picture (n.情况，局面)[真题例句] But Dr. Uri Simonsohn speculate that an inability to consider the big picture was leading decision-makers to be biased by the daily samples of information they were working with.但乌里?西蒙逊博士推测，不考虑大局会导致决策者受日常处理的信息样本的影响而带有偏见。

【考研，2013，完形】3.be soft on (在…方面软弱)，for example (例如)，fearful(a.担心的，害怕的)[真题例句] For example，he thtorised that a judge fearful of appearing too soft on crime might be more likely to send smeone to prison if he had already sentenced five or six other defendants only to forced community service on that day.例如，他提出一个理论，对于一个害怕自己看起来对犯罪活动过于心慈手软的法官来说，如果当天他已经宣判五六个被告仅进行强制性的社区服务，那么他将某个人送人入监狱的可能性会更大。

2024考研阅读核心词汇总结16(2013英语二text1)

2024考研阅读核心词汇总结16(2013英语二text1)

2013英语二text1In an essay1, entitled “Making It in America,” the author Adam Davidson relates2 a joke from cotton country about just how much a modern textile mill3 has been automated4: The average mill has only two employees today, “a man and a dog. The ma n is there to feed5 the dog, and the dog is there to keep the man away from6the machines.”Davidson’s article1is one of a number of pieces1that have recently appeared making the point7 that the reason we have such stubbornly8 high unemployment and declining middle-class incomes today is largely because of the big drop in demand9 because of the Great Recession10, but it is also because of the advances11in both globalization and the information technology revolution, which are more rapidly than ever replacing labor with machines or foreign workers.In the past, workers with average13skills, doing an average job, could earn an average lifestyle. But, today, average is officially14over. Being average just won’t earn you what it used to. It can’t when s o many more employers have so much more access to15so much more above average cheap foreign labor, cheap robotics16, cheap software, cheap automation and cheap genius17. Therefore, everyone needs to find their extra —their unique value contribution that makes them stand out18 in whatever is their field19 of employment. Average is over.Yes, new technology has been eating jobs forever, and always will. As they say, if horses could have voted, there never would have been cars. But there’s been an acceleration20. As Davidson notes, “In the 10 years ending in 2009, [U.S.] factories shed21 workers so fast that they erased22almost all the gains of the previous 70 years; roughly23one out of every three manufacturing24 jobs—about 6 million in total—disappeared.”There will always be change—new jobs, new products, new services. But the one thing we know for sure is that with each advance in globalization and the I.T. revolution25, the best jobs will require26 workers to have more and better education to make themselves above average.In a world where average is officially over, there are many things we need to do to support employment, but nothing would be more important than passing some kind of G.I. Bill27 for the 21st century that ensures that every American has access to post-high school education28.21. The joke in Paragraph 1 is used to illustrate29 ________.[A] the impact30 of technological advances[B] the alleviation31 of job pressure[C] the shrinkage32 of textile mills[D] the decline of middle-class incomes22. According to Paragraph 3, to be a successful employee, one has to ________.[A] work on cheap software[B] ask for a moderate33 salary[C] adopt34 an average lifestyle[D] contribute something unique23. The quotation35 in Paragraph 4 explains that ________.[A] gains of technology have been erased[B] job opportunities are disappearing at a high speed[C] factories are making much less money than before[D] new jobs and services have been offered24. According to the author, to reduce unemployment, the most important is ________.[A] to accelerate the I.T. revolution[B] to ensure more education for people[C] to advance economic globalization[D] to pass more bills in the 21st century25. Which of the following would be the most appropriate title for the text?[A] New Law Takes Effect36[B] Technology Goes Cheap[C] Average Is Over[D] Recession Is Bad【干货笔记】1. essay n. 论文；议论文（=article = piece = paper = title）2. relate v. 讲述；叙述；使互相关联3. textile mill 纺织工厂mill n. 磨坊；工厂4. automated adj. 自动化的5. feed v. 喂养6. keep ... from ... 使... 远离...7. making the point 持有这一观点8. stubbornly adv. 顽固地9. unemployment n. 就业；就业率10. the big drop in demand 需求的极大下降11. Great Recession 经济衰退12. advance n. 前进，进步13. replacing A with B 用B替代A14. average adj. 平均的；中等的；普通的15. officially n. 官方地；正式地16. have access to ... 可以使用...17. robotic n. 机器人18. genius n. 天才19. unique adj. 独特的，唯一的20. value contribution 价值贡献21. stand out 脱颖而出22. field n. 田地；领域23. acceleration n. 加速accelerate v. 加速24. shed v. 摆脱；去除25. erase v. 擦除，抹去26. roughly adv. 粗糙地；粗略地，大约；粗暴地，粗鲁地smoothly adv.光滑地；平稳地；流畅地；顺利地The company is running smoothly. 公司运转平稳。

2013年考研英语（一、二）阅读理解真题及答案解析

2013年考研英语（一、二）阅读理解真题及答案解析

Section I Reading Comprehension(英语一)Part ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER S HEET 1. (40 points)Text 1In the 2006 film version of The Devil Wears Prada, Miranda Priestly, played by Meryl Streep, scolds her unattractive assistant for imagining that high fashion doesn‘t affect her, Priestly explains how the deep blue color of the assistant‘s sweater descended over the years from fashion shows to departments stores and to the bargain bin in which the poor girl doubtless found her garment.This top-down conception of the fashion business couldn‘t be more out of date or at odds with the feveri sh would be described in Overdressed, Elizabeth Cline‘s three-year indictment of ―fast fashion‖. In the last decade or so, advances in technology have allowed mass-market labels such as Zara, H&M, and Uniqlo to react to trends more quickly and anticipate demand more precisely. Quicker turnarounds mean less wasted inventory, more frequent release, and more profit. These labels encourage style-conscious consumers to see clothes as disposable-meant to last only a wash or two, although they don‘t advertise that–and to renew their wardrobe every few weeks. By offering on-trend items at dirt-cheap prices, Cline argues, these brands have hijacked fashion cycles, shaking an industry long accustomed to a seasonal pace.The victims of this revolution, of course, are not limited to designers. For H&M to offer a $5.95 knit miniskirt in all its 2,300-pius stores around the world, it must rely on low-wage overseas labor, order in volumes that strain natural resources, and use massive amounts of harmful chemicals.Overdres sed is the fashion world‘s answer to consumer-activist bestsellers like Michael Pollan‘s The Omnivore‘s Dilemma. ―Mass-produced clothing, like fast food, fills a hunger and need, yet is non-durable and wasteful,‖ Cline argues. Americans, she finds, buy roughly 20 billion garments a year – about 64 items per person – and no matter how much they give away, this excess leads to waste.Towards the end of Overdressed, Cline introduced her ideal, a Brooklyn woman named Sarah Kate Beaumont, who since 2008 has made all of her own clothes – and beautifully. But as Cline is the first to note, it took Beaumont decades to perfect her craft; her example can‘t be knocked off.Though several fast-fashion companies have made efforts to curb their impact on labor and the environment –including H&M, with its green Conscious Collection line –Cline believes lasting change can only be effected by the customer. She exhibits the idealism common to many advocates of sustainability, be it in food or in energy. Vanity is a constant; people will only start shopping more sustainably when they can‘t afford not to.21. Priestly criticizes her assistant for her[A] poor bargaining skill. [B] insensitivity to fashion.[C] obsession with high fashion. [D] lack of imagination.22. According to Cline, mass-market labels urge consumers to[A] combat unnecessary waste. [B] shut out the feverish fashion world.[C] resist the influence of advertisements. [D] shop for their garments more frequently.23. The word ―indictment‖ (Line 3, Para.2) is closes t in meaning to[A] accusation. [B] enthusiasm.[C] indifference. [D] tolerance.24. Which of the following can be inferred from the last paragraph?[A] Vanity has more often been found in idealists.[B] The fast-fashion industry ignores sustainability.[C] People are more interested in unaffordable garments.[D] Pricing is vital to environment-friendly purchasing.25. What is the subject of the text?[A] Satire on an extravagant lifestyle. [B] Challenge to a high-fashion myth.[C] Criticism of the fast-fashion industry. [D] Exposure of a mass-market secret.Text 2An old saying has it that half of all advertising budgets are wasted-the trouble is, no one knows which half. In the internet age, at least in theory, this fraction can be much reduced. By watching what people search for, click on and say online, companies can aim ―behavioural‖ ads at those most likely to buy.In the past couple of weeks a quarrel has illustrated the value to advertisers of such fine-grained information: Should advertisers assume that people are happy to be tracked and sent behavioural ads? Or should they have explicit permission?In December 2010 America's Federal Trade Commission (FTC) proposed adding a "do not track "(DNT) option to internet browsers ,so that users could tell advertisers that they did not want to be followed .Microsoft's Internet Explorer and Apple's Safari both offer DNT ;Google's Chrome is due to do so this year. In February the FTC and Digital Advertising Alliance (DAA) agreed that the industry would get cracking on responding to DNT requests. On May 31st Microsoft Set off the row: It said that Internet Explorer 10, the version due to appear windows 8, would have DNT as a default.It is not yet clear how advertisers will respond. Getting a DNT signal does not oblige anyone to stop tracking, although some companies have promised to do so. Unable to tell whether someone really objects to behavioural ads or whether they are sticking with Microsoft‘s default, some may ignore a DNT signal and press on anyway. Also unclear is why Microsoft has gone it alone. After all, it has an ad business too, which it says will comply with DNT requests, though it is still working out how. If it is trying to upset Google, which relies almost wholly on default will become the norm. DNT does not seem an obviously huge selling point for windows 8-though the firm has compared some of its other products favourably with Google's on that count before. Brendon Lynch, Microsoft's chief privacy officer, blogged: "we believe consumers should have more control." Could it really be that simple?26. It is suggested in paragraph 1 that ―behavioural‖ ads help advertise rs to:[A] ease competition among themselves [B] lower their operational costs[C] avoid complaints from consumers [D] provide better online services27. ―The industry‖ (Line 6,Para.3) refers to:[A] online advertisers [B] e-commerce conductors[C] digital information analysis [D] internet browser developers28. Bob Liodice holds that setting DNT as a default[A] many cut the number of junk ads[B] fails to affect the ad industry[C] will not benefit consumers[D] goes against human nature[A] DNT may not serve its intended purpose[B] Advertisers are willing to implement DNT[C] DNT is losing its popularity among consumers[D] Advertisers are obliged to offer behavioural ads30. The author's attitude towards what Brendon Lynch said in his blog is one of:[A] indulgence [B] understanding[C] appreciation [D] skepticismText 3Up until a few decades ago, our visions of the future were largely - though by no means uniformly - glowingly positive. Science and technology would cure all the ills of humanity, leading to lives of fulfillment and opportunity for all.Now utopia has grown unfashionable, as we have gained a deeper appreciation of the range of threats facing us, from asteroid strike to epidemic flu and to climate change. You might even be tempted to assume that humanity has little future to look forward to.But such gloominess is misplaced. The fossil record shows that many species have endured for millions of years - so why shouldn't we? Take a broader look at our species' place in the universe, and it becomes clear that we have an excellent chance of surviving for tens, if not hundreds, of thousands of years. Look up Homo sapiens in the "Red List" of threatened species of the International Union for the Conversation of Nature (IUCN) ,and you will read: "Listed as Least Concern as the species is very widely distributed, adaptable, currently increasing, and there are no major threats resulting in an overall population decline."So what does our deep future hold? A growing number of researchers and organizations are now thinking seriously about that question. For example, the Long Now Foundation has its flagship project a medical clock that is designed to still be marking time thousands of years hence.Perhaps willfully, it may be easier to think about such lengthy timescales than about the more immediate future. The potential evolution of today's technology, and its social consequences, is dazzlingly complicated, and it's perhaps best left to science fiction writers and futurologists to explore the many possibilities we can envisage. That's one reason why we have launched Arc, a new publication dedicated to the near future.But take a longer view and there is a surprising amount that we can say with considerable assurance. As so often, the past holds the key to the future: we have now identified enough of the long-term patterns shaping the history of the planet, and our species, to make evidence-based forecasts about the situations in which our descendants will find themselves.This long perspective makes the pessimistic view of our prospects seem more likely to be a passing fad. To be sure, the future is not all rosy. But we are now knowledgeable enough to reduce many of the risks that threatened the existence of earlier humans, and to improve the lot of those to come.31. Our vision of the future used to be inspired by[A] our desire for lives of fulfillment [B] our faith in science and technology[C] our awareness of potential risks [D] our belief in equal opportunity32. The IUCN‘s ―Red List‖ suggest that human be ing are[A] a sustained species [B] a threaten to the environment[C] the world‘s dominant power[D] a misplaced race[A] Arc helps limit the scope of futurological studies.[B] Technology offers solutions to social problem.[C] The interest in science fiction is on the rise.[D] Our Immediate future is hard to conceive.34. To ensure the future of mankind, it is crucial to[A] explore our planet‘s abundant resources[B] adopt an optimistic view of the world[C] draw on our experience from the past [D] curb our ambition to reshape history35. Which of the following would be the best title for the text?[A] Uncertainty about Our Future [B] Evolution of the Human Species[C] The Ever-bright Prospects of Mankind [D] Science, Technology and HumanityText 4On a five to three vote, the Supreme Court knocked out much of Arizona‘s immigration law Monday-a modest policy victory for the Obama Administration. But on the more important matter of the Constitution, the decision was an 8-0 defeat for the Administration‘s effort to upset the balance of power between the federal government and the states.In Arizona v. United States, the majority overturned three of the fou r contested provisions of Arizona‘s controversial plan to have state and local police enforce federal immigration law. The Constitutional principles that Washington alone has the power to ―establish a uniform Rule of Naturalization ‖and that federal laws precede state laws are noncontroversial . Arizona had attempted to fashion state policies that ran parallel to the existing federal ones.Justice Anthony Kennedy, joined by Chief Justice John Roberts and the Court‘s liberals, ruled that the state flew too close to the federal sun. On the overturned provisions the majority held the congress had deliberately ―occupied the field‖ and Arizona had thus intruded on the federal‘s privileged powers.However, the Justices said that Arizona police would be allowed to verify the legal status of people who come in contact with law enforcement. That‘s because Congress has always envisioned joint federal-state immigration enforcement and explicitly encourages state officers to share information and cooperate with federal colleagues. Two of the three objecting Justice-Samuel Alito and Clarence Thomas-agreed with this Constitutional logic but disagreed about which Arizona rules conflicted with the federal statute. The only major objection came from Justice Antonin Scalia, who offered an even more robust defense of state privileges going back to the Alien and Sedition Acts.The 8-0 objection to President Obama turns on what Justice Samuel Alito describes in his objection as ―a shocking assertion of federal executive power‖. The White House argued that Arizona‘s laws conflicted with its enforcement priorities, even if state laws complied with federal statutes to the letter. In effect, the White House claimed that it could invalidate any otherwise legitimate state law that it disa grees with.Some powers do belong exclusively to the federal government, and control of citizenship and the borders is among them. But if Congress wanted to prevent states from using their own resources to check immigration status, it could. It never did s o. The administration was in essence asserting that because it didn‘t want to carry out Congress‘s immigration wishes, no state should be allowed to do so either. Every Justice rightly rejected this remarkable claim.36. Three provisions of Arizona‘s plan were overturned because they[A] deprived the federal police of Constitutional powers.[B] disturbed the power balance between different states.[C] overstepped the authority of federal immigration law.[D] contradicted both the federal and state policies.37. On which of the following did the Justices agree, according to Paragraph4?[A] Federal officers‘ duty to withhold immigrants ‗information.[B] States‘ independence from federal immigration law.[C] States‘ legitimate role in immigration enforcement.[D] Congress‘s intervention in immigration enforcement.38. It can be inferred from Paragraph 5 that the Alien and Sedition Acts[A] violated the Constitution. [B] undermined the states‘ interests.[C] supported the federal statute. [D] stood in favor of the states.39. The White House claims that its power of enforcement[A] outweighs that held by the states. [B] is dependent on the states‘ support.[C] is established by federal statutes. [D] rarely goes against state laws.40. What can be learned from the last paragraph?[A] Immigration issues are usually decided by Congress.[B] Justices intended to check the power of the Administration.[C] Justices wanted to strengthen its coordination with Congress.[D] The Administration is dominant over immigration issues.Section II Reading Comprehension（英语二）Part ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER S HEET 1. (40 points)Text 1In an essay entitled ―Making It in America‖, the author Adam Davidson relates a joke from cotton about just how much a modern textile mill has been automated: The average mill only two employees today,‖ a man and a dog. The man is there to f eed the dog is there to keep the man away from the machines.‖Davidson‘s article is one of a number of pieces that have recently appeared making the point that the reason we have such stubbornly high unemployment and declining middle-class incomes today is also because of the advances in both globalization and the information technology revolution, which are more rapidly than ever replacing labor with machines or foreign worker.In the past, workers with average skills, doing an average job，could earn an average lifestyle ,But ,today ,average is officially over. Being average just won‘t earn you what it used to. It can‘t when so many more employers have so much more access to so much more above average cheap foreign labor, cheap robotics, cheap software, cheap automation and cheap genius. Therefore, everyone needs to find theirextra-their unique value contribution that makes them stand out in whatever is their field of employment. Yes, new technology has been eating jobs forever, and always will. But there‘s been a acceleration. As Davidson notes,‖ In the 10 years ending in 2009, [U.S.] factories shed workers so fast that they erased almost all the gains of the previous 70 years; roughly one out of every three manufacturing jobs-about 6 million in total -disappeared.There will always be changed-new jobs, new products, new services. But the one thing we know for sure is that with each advance in globalization and the I.T. revolution, the best jobs will require workers to have more and better education to make themselves above average.In a world where average is officially over, there are many things we need to do to support employment, but nothing would be more important than passing some kind of G.I.Bill for the 21st century that ensures that every American has access to poet-high school education.21. The joke in Paragraph 1 is used to illustrate_______[A] the impact of technological advances [B] the alleviation of job pressure[C] the shrinkage of textile mills [D] the decline of middle-class incomes22. According to Paragraph 3, to be a successful employee, one has to______[A] work on cheap software [B] ask for a moderate salary[C] adopt an average lifestyle [D] contribute something unique23. The quotation in Paragraph 4 explains that ______[A] gains of technology have been erased[B] job opportunities are disappearing at a high speed[C] factories are making much less money than before[D] new jobs and services have been offered24. According to the author, to reduce unemployment, the most important is_____[A] to accelerate the I.T. revolution [B] to ensure more education for people[C] to advance economic globalization [D] to pass more bills in the 21st century25. Which of the following would be the most appropriate title for the text?[A] New Law Takes Effect [B] Technology Goes Cheap[C] Average Is Over [D] Recession Is BadText 2A century ago, the immigrants from across the Atlantic include settlers and sojourners. Along with the many folks looking to make a permanent home in the United States came those who had no intention to stay, and 7millin people arrived while about 2 millio n departed. About a quarter of all Italian immigrants, for example, eventually returned to Italy for good. They even had an affectionate nickname, ―uccelli di passaggio,‖ birds of passage.Today, we are much more rigid about immigrants. We divide newcomers into two categories: legal or illegal, good or bad. We hail them as Americans in the making, or our broken immigration system and the long political paralysis over how to fix it. We don‘t need more categories, but we need to change the way we think about categories. We need to look beyond strict definitions of legal and illegal. To start, we can recognize the newbirds of passage, those living and thriving in the gray areas. We might then begin to so lve our immigration challenges.Crop pickers, violinists, construction workers, entrepreneurs, engineers, home health-care aides and physicists are among today‘s birds of passage. They are energetic participants in a global economy driven by the flow of work, money and ideas .They prefer to come and go as opportunity calls them , They can manage to have a job in one place and a family in another.With or without permission, they straddle laws, jurisdictions and identities with ease. We need them to imagine the United States as a place where they can be productive for a while without committing themselves to staying forever. We need them to feel that home can be both here and there and that they can belong to two nations honorably.Accommodating this new world of people in motion will require new attitudes on both sides of the immigration battle .Looking beyond the culture war logic of right or wrong means opening up the middle ground and understanding that managing immigration today requires multiple paths and multiple outcomes. Including some that are not easy to accomplish legally in the existing system.26 ―Birds of passage‖ refers to those who____[A] immigrate across the Atlantic. [B] leave their home countries for good.[C] stay in a foreign temporarily. [D]find permanent jobs overseas.27 It is implied in paragraph 2 that the current immigration system in the US____[A] needs new immigrant categories. [B] has loosened control over immigrants.[C] should be adopted to meet challenges. [D]has been fixed via political means.28 According to the author, today‘s birds of passage wa nt___[A] financial incentives. [B] a global recognition.[C] opportunities to get regular jobs. [D]the freedom to stay and leave.29 The author suggests that the birds of passage today should be treated __[A] as faithful partners. [B] with economic favors.[C] with regal tolerance. [D]as mighty rivals.30 which is the most title?[A] come and go: big mistake. [B] living and thriving : great risk.[C] with or without : great risk. [D] legal or illegal: big mistake.Text 3Scientists have found that although we are prone to snap overreactions, if we take a moment and think about how we are likely to react, we can reduce or even eliminate the negative effects of our quick, hard-wired responses.Snap decisions can be important defense mechanisms; if we are judging whether someone is dangerous, our brains and bodies are hard-wired to react very quickly, within milliseconds. But we need more time to assess other factors. To accurately tell whether someone is sociable, studies show, we need at least a minute, preferably five. It takes a while to judge complex aspects of personality, like neuroticism or open-mindedness. But snap decisions in reaction to rapid stimuli aren‘t exclusive to the interpersonal realm. Psychologists at theUniversity of Toronto found that viewing a fast-food logo for just a few milliseconds primes us to read 20 percent faster, even though reading has little to do with eating. We unconsciously associate fast food with speed and impatience and carry those impulses into whatever else we‘re doing, Subjects exposed to fast-food flashes also tend to think a musical piece lasts too long.Yet we can reverse such influences. If we know we will overreact to consumer products or housing options when we see a happy face (one reason good sales representatives and real estate agents are always smiling), we can take a moment before buying. If we know female job screeners are more likely to reject attractive female applicants, we can help screeners understand their biases-or hire outside screeners.John Gottman, the marriage expert, explains that we quickly ―thin slice‖ information reliably only after we ground such snap reactions in ―thick sliced‖ long-term study. When Dr. Gottman really wants to assess whether a couple will stay together, he invites them to his island retreat for a muck longer evaluation; two days, not two seconds.Our ability to mute our hard-wired reactions by pausing is what differentiates us from animals: doge can think about the future only intermittently or for a few minutes. But historically we have spent about 12 percent of our days contemp lating the longer term. Although technology might change the way we react, it hasn‘t changed our nature. We still have the imaginative capacity to rise above temptation and reverse the high-speed trend.31. The time needed in making decisions may____.[A] vary according to the urgency of the situation[B] prove the complexity of our brain reaction[C] depend on the importance of the assessment[D] predetermine the accuracy of our judgment32. Our reaction to a fast-food logo shows that snap decisions____.[A] can be associative [B] are not unconscious[C] can be dangerous [D] are not impulsive33. To reverse the negative influences of snap decisions, we should____.[A] trust our first impression [B] do as people usually do[C] think before we act [D] ask for expert advice34. John Gottman says that reliable snap reaction are based on____.[A] critical assessment [B]‗‗thin sliced ‘‘study[C] sensible explanation [D] adequate information35. The author‘s attitude toward reversing the high-speed trend is____.[A] tolerant [B] uncertain[C] optimistic [D] doubtfulText 4Europe is not a gender-equality heaven. In particular, the corporate workplace will never be completely family—friendly until women are part of senior management decisions, and Europe‘s top corporate-governance positions remain overwhelmingly male .indeed, women hold only 14 percent of positions on Europe corporate boards.The Europe Union is now considering legislation to compel corporate boards to maintain a certain proportion of women-up to 60 percent. This proposed mandate was born of frustration. Last year, Europe Com mission Vice President Viviane Reding issued a call to voluntary action. Reding invited corporations to sign up for gender balance goal of 40 percent female board membership. But her appeal was considered a failure: only 24 companies took it up.Do we need quotas to ensure that women can continue to climb the corporate Ladder fairy as they balance work and family?―Personally, I don‘t like quotas,‖ Reding said recently. ―But i like what the quotas do.‖ Quotas get action: they ―open the way to equality and they break through the glass ceiling,‖ according to Reding, a result seen in France and other countries with legally binding provisions on placing women in top business positions.I understand Reding‘s reluctance-and her frustration. I don‘t like quotas eit her; they run counter to my belief in meritocracy, government by the capable. Bur, when one considers the obstacles to achieving the meritocratic ideal, it does look as if a fairer world must be temporarily ordered.After all, four decades of evidence has now shown that corporations in Europe as the US are evading the meritocratic hiring and promotion of women to top position—no matter how much ―soft pressure ‖ is put upon them. When women do break through to the summit of corporate power--as, for example, Sheryl Sandberg recently did at Facebook—they attract massive attention precisely because they remain the exception to the rule. If appropriate pubic policies were in place to help all women---whether CEOs or their children‘s caregivers--and all families, Sandberg would be no more newsworthy than any other highly capable person living in a more just society.36. In the European corporate workplace, generally_____.[A] women take the lead [B] men have the final say[C] corporate governance is overwhelmed [D] senior management is family-friendly37. The European Union‘s intended legislation is ________.[A] a reflection of gender balance [B] a reluctant choice[C] a response to Reding‘s call[D] a voluntary action38. According to Reding, quotas may help women ______.[A] get top business positions [B] see through the glass ceiling[C] balance work and family [D] anticipate legal results39. The author‘s attitude toward Reding‘s appeal is o ne of _________.[A] skepticism [B] objectiveness[C] indifference [D] approval40. Women entering top management become headlines due to the lack of ______.[A] more social justice [B] massive media attention[C] suitable public policies [D] greater ―soft pressure‖Section I Reading ComprehensionPart AText 121．【答案】B【解析】事实细节题。

(完整版)考研英语一词多义归纳

(完整版)考研英语一词多义归纳

考研英语熟词生义归纳（一）1. abide (by ) v. ①遵守，服从We must abide by the promise made by us. 我们必须遵守我们作出的诺言。

②忍受，忍耐 You will have to abide by the consequences. 你将必须忍受其后果。

2. abroad adj. ①在国外，到国外；②everywhere遍布，到处 There is a rumor abroad that heis a liar. 谣言到处说他是个骗子。

3. above / beyond: 介词，后面接抽象而不是具体名词时表示“无法做到”，例如：“abovecomprehension”的意思是“无法理解”，beyond dispute毋庸置疑。

4. in the absence of something: “缺少，没有”，用于替代“in short of”或者“belacking in”。

5. be absorbed in something: “专注于某事”。

6. abuse: 用在物品词后面表示“过量使用”，比如drug abuse(药物或毒品滥用)，用在有生命的事物后面则表示“虐待”。

systematic patient abuse (蓄意对病人的虐待)7. have access to something: 通道，通路；机会。

比如“have access to town”表示“有道路通往市区”，“have access to the teacher”则是“有条件向老师请教”。

8. account “帐户，解释，解说，叙述”。

An agreed account 共识；on account of 因为9. account for “解释，说明”，但常理解翻译成“是…的原因”。

10. acknowledge 答谢；承认。

11. acquire获得，学会，兼并，占有。

2013考研英语真题高频词汇,精品

2013考研英语真题高频词汇,精品

频率在 100 次以上的词汇part n.部分；角色；作用；零件v.使分开，分离，分别pass v.经过，走过；传递；通过（考试等）n.通行证，护照；关口ring n.戒指；铃声，按铃；圆圈，环；（打）电话v.按（铃）；敲（钟）；（up）打电话tie n.领带，领结；联系，关系；约束，束缚v.系，栓，捆passage n.通过；通路；段，节even ad.甚至，即使a.平坦的；偶数的；均匀的cause n.原因；事业奋斗目标v.引起，使产生sing v.唱，演唱；鸡叫long a./ad.长的，长远的，长期的vi.（for）渴望频率为 51—99 次的词汇count vt.数，计数，看作，认为n.计数，计算，总数arch n.拱门，拱形结构v.拱起，（使）变成拱形hang vt. 悬，挂，垂吊；吊死ratio n.比,比率great a.伟大的；重大的；美妙的sentence n.句子；判决，宣判v.判决，宣判inform vt.通知，向…报告；告密direct a./ad.径直的，直接的vt.指导rent n.租金vi.出租,租赁tend v.趋向,往往是;照料,看护dust n.灰尘，灰烬being n.存在；生物；生命formation n.形成；构成mate n.伙伴，同事；配偶·2· .stand vi.站，站立；坐落，位于，经受，忍受；坚持，维持原状n.台，座high a./ad.高高的(地)，高尚的（地）care n.关怀，操心；小心，谨慎v.关心；介意；计较ease n.安逸，舒适，休闲；容易v.减轻；使舒适，使安心sheet n.被单；（一）张，（一）片，薄片；大片sign n.标记，符号，招牌；征兆，迹象v.签名（于），署名（于）state n.州，国家，政府；状态，情况v.陈述，说明unit n.单位；单元；部件，元件；机组，装置import v./n.输入，进口ample a.充裕的；宽敞的earn vt.赚得，挣得；获得ought v. aux 早应该，本应，本当section n.章节，部分；地区，部门，科；截面，剖面bit n.一点，一些，一片tell v.（from）辨别,区别;告诉,讲述;吩咐,命令;泄露,吐露direction n.方向，方位；指导effect n.结果；影响；效果society n.社会；团体，协会，社；社交界，上流社会rough a.粗糙的；粗略的，大致的；粗野的，粗暴的number vt.共计，达…之数；编码，加号码n.数字，号码seem vi.好像，似乎stem n.词干；茎，干频率为 31—50 次的词汇mad a.发疯的；疯狂的rim n.（圆物的）边，边缘；边界certain a.确实的，肯定的；某一，某些考研英语词汇、词频统计·3·process n.过程，进程；制作法；工序；工艺v.加工，处理hard a.困难的；硬的；冷酷无情的；烈性的ad.努力地；猛烈地；困难地aid n.帮助，救护；助手，辅助物v.援助，救援，帮助elect vt.选举，推选；选择lack n./v.缺乏，没有rope n.绳子，索sin n.罪，罪孽vi.犯罪employ vi.雇用；用；使忙于graph n.(曲线)图，图表idea n.主意，念头，思想trial n.考验，试验；审讯without prep.无，没有vice n.罪恶；恶习；缺点a.副的complete a.完全的，彻底的general a.总的；一般的n.将军growth n.增长；增长量；生长rage n.愤怒behavior n. 行为,举止grow vi.生长；变得；增长increase n./v.增加logic n.逻辑，推理；逻辑学oil n.油；石油vt.上油，涂油，给…加润滑油system n.系统，体系；制度，体制economic a.经济上的；经济学的hold vt.抓住；保有，拥有；托住，支持；容纳；举行；有效，适用；持续dam n.水坝，水堤found vt.创立，创办；建立means n.方法，手段，工具tag n.货签；标签base n.基础；底部；基地，根据地v.把…基于；以……为根据地paragraph n.(文章的)段，节；小新闻，短评profession n.职业，自由职业·4·.require vt.需要；（of）要求，命令shed n.棚；小屋v.流出；发散，散发，脱落，脱去pond n.池塘; 鱼塘appear vi.出现；问世；仿佛evolution n.发展；演变，演化lion n.狮子；勇猛的人manage vt.设法；对付patient a.能忍耐的，有耐心的n.病人，患者patent a.专利的，特许的n.专利，专利品，专利权mind v.介意，注意,当心n.头脑，精神；理智；想法，意见，心情，记忆organ n.器官；机构；风琴Owl n.猫头鹰sly a.狡猾的；偷偷摸摸的tow v./n.拖引，牵引individual a.个人的，单独的；独特的n.个人，个体letter n.信；证书；字母limit n.限制；限度，局限；范围v.限制，限定ski n.滑橇vi.滑雪account n.帐目；叙述，说明vt.说明，解释below Prep./ad.在……下面；向下star n.星，恒星；明星，名角频率为 21—30 次的词汇heal vt.治愈；使和解medical a.医学的；医疗的；内科的service n.服务，帮助；公共设施，公用事业；维护保养；行政部门，服务机构v.维修，保养technology n.工艺学，工艺，技术case n.情况；事实；病例；案件；容器（箱子，盒子等）pain n.疼；疼痛，劳苦，努力reign v.（over）统治；支配；盛行，占优势n.统治，统治时期，支配；朝代考研英语词汇、词频统计·5·rest n.休息，睡眠，停止，静；剩余部分，其余；（the）其余的人（或物）v.休息；睡，放，靠，(使)搁在rob v.（of）抢劫，盗取；非法剥夺force vt.强迫，迫使pace n.(一)步(距离)；步速v.踱步alter vt.改变，变更event n.事件，大事；事变natural a.自然的rally n.集会;公路汽车赛v.集合,团结;恢复(健康等),重新振作sting v/n.刺，刺痛，剧痛；叮structure n.结构，构造；建筑物v.建造，构造theory n.理论,原理;学说,见解,看法concern n.关心，挂念；vt.涉及，关系到edge n.边缘；边flat a.平的，扁平的；平淡的，乏味的n.一套房子，平坦的部分govern vt.统治，治理；支配mental a.精神的；脑力的usual a.通常的，平常的adapt v.适应，适合；改编，改写fund n.资金；基金；存款lend vt.把...借给，贷款subject n.题目，主题；科目，学科；主语v.（to）使遭到，使服从a.（to）易遭…的，受…支配的substance n.物质；实质；大意；财产，财物thus ad.如此，这样；因而，从而vision n.视觉，视力；眼力，想象力abandon vt.放弃，抛弃correspond vi.通信；符合，相当energy n.活力；精力；能，能量opera n.歌剧oral a.口头的；口的·6· .rug n.小地毯；围毯sour a.酸的；发酸的；酸痛的；脾气坏的；刻薄的wide a.宽阔的；广泛的ad.完全地，充分地amount n.数量，总额v.合计，总共达paper vt.用纸包装(或覆盖)n.纸；报纸；试卷；文章，论文raw a.未煮过的,生的;未加过工的，未经训练的sense n.感官，官能；感觉；判断力；见识；意义，意思special a.特别的；特殊的top n.顶部,上边,上面,首位,最高位a.最高的v.高过,超过,到达……顶部affect vt.影响；感动benefit n.利益；好处；恩惠v.有益于，受益character n.性格，特性；角色claim n.权利；断言；主张；索赔v.要求；索赔；声称；主张corresponding a.相应的；符合的create vt.创造；引起，产生customer n.顾客，主顾essential a.必要的，必不可少的，本质的panel n.面，板；控制板，仪器盘；专门小组proper a.合乎体统的；适合的，恰当的；正当的；固有的，特有的有礼貌的，正派的；本身（的）rust n. 铁锈v.（使）生锈，氧化shift vt.替换，转移；移动n.转换，转变；（变）班，（换）班spot n.污点，斑点；地点，场所v.认出，认清，发现；玷污，弄脏；用点作记号therefore ad.因此,所以conj.因此travel n.旅行v.旅行，行进，传播verse n.诗，韵文；诗行考研英语词汇、词频统计·7·consume vt.消耗，消费，耗尽critic n.批评家，爱挑剔的人；评论家demand v./n.要求；需要express vt.表示n.快车，快递a.特快的，快速的firm n.商行，商号，公司a.坚固的，坚决的，稳固的improve v.使…更好,改善intelligence n.智力；理解力；情报，消息least a.最少的ad.最少legal a.法律的；合法的machine n.机器；机械racket n.球拍reed n.芦苇，苇丛;芦笛,牧笛select v.选择，挑选a.精选的，选择的频率为 16—20 次的词汇attitude n.态度，看法；姿势broad a.宽的，广阔的；豁达的carbon n.碳decline vt.下倾；偏斜；衰退；谢绝hole n.洞；孔眼，裂开处infer vt.推论，推断involve vt.使卷入；牵涉；包含，涉及matter n.事情；物质，物体；毛病，麻烦moral a.道德的；合乎道德的offer vt.提供；提出n.提供picture n.图画，照片；美景；影片v.画，描述，想象space n.间隔，距离；空地，余地；空间，太空v.留间隔，隔开vest n.汗衫；背心；内衣available a.可利用的；可得到的；可以见到的；随时可来的competition n.竞争，比赛continue vt.继续，连续；延伸cure vt.医治；消除n.治愈·8· .drug n.药，药物，药材employment n.工作，职业；雇用；使用forget vt.忘记，遗忘function n.功能；职务；函数issue n.问题，争论，争端；发行，发行物vt.发行，发表，颁布；流出，放出nut n.坚果，干果；螺母relation n.关系，联系；家属，亲戚situation n.位置，场所；处境，局面，处境，形势；职务，职位television n.电视title n.书名, 标题；头衔 ,称号attention n.注意，留心；立正journal n.日报，杂志；日志nature n.大自然，自然界particular a.特殊的；特定的，个别的rot v.(使)腐烂，(使)腐败，腐朽trust v.信任，依赖；盼望，希望；委托n.信任，依赖；委托，信托advocate n.提倡者，鼓吹者vt.提倡，鼓吹assist vt.援助，帮助comb n.梳子competitive a.竞争的，比赛的goods n.商品；货物ground n.地；场地；根据harm n.伤害，损害vt.损害identify vt.认出，识别，鉴定；把…看作international a.国际的，世界(性)的line v.沿...排列，排队n.线；路线，航线；排；界线neat a.整洁的；整齐的order n.定货，定货单；命令；次序，循序；秩序，治安，正常状态，整齐；等级v.制，定制，订购purpose n.目的；意图；效果，用途roll vi.滚动，转动；使摇摆，（使）摇晃；辗，轧；绕，卷；（up）卷起，卷拢n.（一）卷，卷形物，面包卷；名单，名册考研英语词汇、词频统计·9·sell v.卖，出售sequence n.连续，数列；次序，先后together ad. 共同,一起,合起来,聚拢地central a.中心的，中央的，中枢的；主要的concept n.概念，观念，思想court n.法院，法庭；庭院；宫廷，朝廷；球场creation n. 创造,创作物,发明cut vt.切；割；砍；删减dependent a.依靠的，依赖的；随···而定的detail n.细节；枝节；零件v.详述dig vt.掘，挖；采掘election n.选举，选择权；当选extend vt.延长；扩大；致full a.满，完全的，充分的ad.完全，充分invention n.发明，创造lane n.(乡间)小路；跑道；行车道lay vt.放，搁；下(蛋)learning n.学习；学问，知识measure vt.量，测量n.尺寸，大小；措施，办法private a.私人的；私下的，个人的，秘密的skill n.技能，技巧，手艺；熟练speaker n.扬声器，说话人，演讲人spend v.花费；消耗，用尽；度过，消磨teach v.教,教授,教训treat vt.治疗；论述，探讨；款待，请客；对待；处理n.款待，请客visit n.访问，参观，作客v.访问，参观，视察，巡视，常去warm a.暧和的，温暖的，热心的，热情的v.（使）变暖频率为 11—15 次的词汇acquire vt.取得；获得；学到·10· .appropriate a.恰如其分的，适当的brain n.大脑；脑力，智能capital a.首位的，最重要的，基本的n.资本，资金；首都communication n. 传达，通讯；通讯系统；交通（工具）community n.社区；共同体courage n.勇气，胆量，胆识effective a.有效的；有影响的goal n.球门；得分；目的intend vt.想要，打算；意指label n.标签；标记，符号land n.陆地,土地；田地，国土，国家v.（使）登陆，（使）着陆major a.较大的n.专业，专业学生，少校v.主修，专攻obtain vt.获得，得到，obvious a.明显的，显而易见的operation n.运算；运转，开动，操作；手术plane n.平面，水平面；飞机remark v．（on）评论，谈论；注意到，察觉n.（about，on）评语，议论，意见sound a.健康的，完好的；正当的，有根据的；彻底的，充分的v.发声，响；听起来n.声音，声响specially ad.专门地，特别地；附加的，额外的stab v./n.刺，戳tempt v.,引诱,吸引,使感兴趣tradition n.传统，惯例trend vi.伸向；倾向n.倾向，趋势trouble n.烦恼，麻烦，动乱，纠纷，疾病，故障；辛苦，费心v.（使）烦恼，麻烦type n.型，类型，铅字v.打字combine vt.结合，联合compare vt.比较，相比，对比；比作composition n.作品，作文，乐曲；写作，作曲；组成，构成，结构consequence n.结果，后果考研英语词汇、词频统计·11·convention n.大会，会议；惯例，公约，(换俘等)协定creative a.创造性的，创作的describe vt.形容；描写，描绘effort n.努力；努力的成果；艰难地尝试especial a. 特别的,特殊的especially ad.特别，尤其，格外establish vt.建立，设立；确立；安置grant n.授予物，拨款；同意，给予happen vi.(偶然)发生interpret vt.解释，说明；口译memory n.记忆；回忆；存储occur vi.发生；出现；被想到，被想起pattern n.型，式样，模，模型，图样v.仿制，模仿potential a.潜在的，可能的；势的，位的n.潜力，能力project n.方案，工程，计划vi.投射，放映；（使）凸出，（使）伸出；设计规划serious a.严肃的；主要的；重的，危急的；认真的specific a.明确的；具体的；特定的，特有的sphere n.球，圆体；范围，领域status n.地位，身份；情形，状况translate v.翻译void a.空的，空虚的；没有的，缺乏的；无效的wave n.波，波浪；（挥手）示意，致意；飘扬，起伏v. （挥手）示意，致意；波动，飘动wise a.有智慧，聪明的attack vt.进攻，着手，开始n.（病情）发作; 进攻，着手，开始attend v.出席，参加；照顾，护理auto n.汽车blank a.空白的，失色的n.空白，表格chairman n.主席；议长，会长，董事长climate n.气候，风气，社会风潮·12· .commit vt.犯(错误)，干(坏事)；把…委托给，托付给drop vt.使落下；降低evidence n.根据；证据；形迹，迹象hit vt.打；击中；撞；到达，完成n.一击，击中；轰动一时地人或事物interact vi.相互作用learned a.有学问的；学术上的maintain vt.维持；赡养；维修；坚持，主张manner n.方式；态度；礼貌meeting n.聚集，集会，会见mess n.混乱，混杂，肮脏necessary a.必需的，必要的；必然的organization n.组织体制；团体，机构physical a.物理的，自然科的有形的，物质的；肉体的，身体的；poet n.诗人principle n.原则，原理；主义，信念selection n.选择，挑选；选集，精选物similar a.相似的，类似的tire v.（使）疲劳；使厌倦n.轮胎，车胎trait n.特征，特点，特性vocabulary n.词汇表，词汇汇编wood n.木头，木材；[pl.]小森林，树林worth n.价值a.值…的,价值…的值得…的amateur a.业余的n.业余爱好者approach vt.向…靠近n.方法，途径，探讨assure vt.使确信；保证attach vt.缚，系；使隶属，使依附commercial a.商业的，商务的，贸易的corporation n.公司，企业；社团credit n.信用贷款；信用；名誉，名望；光荣，功劳；学分deliver vt.投递，送交；发表discipline n.纪律；训练；学科vt.训练distinct a.独特的，截然不同的；清楚的，明显的enterprise n.艰巨的事业，企业；事业心考研英语词汇、词频统计·13·exhibit vt.显示；陈列，展览expression n.词句；表达；表情；式，符号extreme n.极端，最大的程度，极度a.末端的，尽头的；极度的，极端的financial a.财政的，金融的further vt.增进，促进ad.更远，更往前a.更进一步的generation n.一代，一代人；产生highway n.公路；大路influence n.势力，权势；影响，感化v.影响，感化judge n.法官,审判员；裁判员，评判员；鉴定人v.审判，判决；评定，裁判；断定，判断later ad.后来；过一会儿layer n.层，层次；铺设者leader n.领袖；领导人local a.地方的；局部的loss n.遗失；损失；失败；亏损mechanic n.技工，机修工mend vt.改正，修正；改进origin n.起源，由来；出身，来历physician n.医生，内科医生provided conj.假如，只要，倘若relate vt.叙述，讲述；使互相关联relevant a.有关的，相应的，适当的，中肯的；实质性的，有重大意义的remain vi.剩下，余留；留待，尚须；仍然是，依旧是risk n.风险，危险，冒险v.冒…的危险rude a.无礼的，粗鲁的；猛烈的，残暴的；粗糙的，粗陋的settle v.安定，安顿；停息；安居；解决，调停site n.地点，位置；场所stake n.桩，标桩；赌注，利害关系suffer v.受痛苦，患病；受损失；遭受；忍受，忍耐threat n.威胁，恐吓，凶兆universe n.宇宙，世界advertise vi.做广告·14· .argue vi.争论，辩论，主张，说服audience n.听众，观众，读者；遏见beyond prep.在…的那边，远于，迟于，超出bid v.祝愿；命令；报价cast vt.投，扔，抛；浇铸n.演员表comment n./v.注释，评论，意见complex a.复杂的，合成的，综合的connect vt.连接，连结；联系continent n.大陆；洲couple n.一对；夫妇；力偶，电偶desire vt.欲望；要求n.愿望，欲望，要求emphasis n.强调，重点，重要性employee n.受雇者，雇员，雇工fundamental a.基础的，基本的historic a.有历史意义的，历史地holder n.持有/所有人,支持物hut n.小屋；棚屋；茅屋immediate a.立即的；直接的imply vt.暗示，意指independent a.独立的；自主的inner a.内部的；内心的listener n.听者，听众之一liver n.肝；肝脏medicine n.医学；内科学；内服药mission n.使命，任务；使团，代表团notice vt.注意n.通知；注意Outline n.轮廓；略图；大纲，梗概v.概述，略述perform vt.履行;表演，行动；表演；演出pick n.镐，鹤嘴锄v.拾，采，摘；挑选，选择porter n.搬运工人；门房prediction n.预言，预告；预报press n.报刊，出版社，通讯社；压榨机；压，按，v. 压，按；压榨，压迫；紧迫，催促，逼迫prevent vt.预防，防止；阻止push v.推，逼迫，催逼n.推，推力；促进，推进radical a.基本的,重要的;激进的,极端的;根本的responsible a.（for，to）应负责的，有责任的；可靠的，可信赖的；责任重大的，重要的考研英语词汇、词频统计·15·scar n.伤疤，伤痕；创伤seek v.（after，for）寻找，探索；试图，企图simply ad.简单地；仅仅，只不过；朴素地；完全，简直speech n.言语，语言；演说，讲话stock n.备料，库存，现货；股票，v.储存stress n.压力，应力；重音v.着重，强调trade vi.经商，交易n.贸易，商业；职业，行业tribute n.贡品；颂词，称赞，（表示敬意的）礼物urge v.催促，力劝；强烈希望；鼓励，促进n.强烈欲望，迫切要求valid a.有效的；合理的，有根据的verbal a.用言辞的，用文字的；口头的；动词的wind n.风；气息，呼吸v.绕，缠；上发条within prep.在…里面，在…以内ad.在内频率为 10 次的词汇access n.接近；通道，入口;接近(或进入)的方法announce vt.宣布，发表；报告…的来到cash n.现金，现款conclusion n.结束，终结；结论，推论consist vi.由…组成；在于，存在于consumption n.消费(量)，消耗contract n.契约，合同；婚约core n.果实的心，核心critical a.决定性的；批评的；临界的defend vt.保卫，防守；辩护，答辩encourage vt.鼓励，支持，怂恿excess n.超越；过量；过度exhibition n.展览focus vi.聚焦，注视n.焦点·16· .former a.在前的pron.前者fuel n.燃料vt.给…加燃料intention n.意图，意向，目的nearly ad.几乎，差不多official a.官方的，正式的n.官员opinion n.意见，看法，主张Ounce n. 盎司，英两Owner n.物主，所有人personality n.人格，个性；人物progress n.进展；进步v. 前进，进展；进步reject v.拒绝，抵制，驳回；丢弃；排斥，退掉relative a.有关系的，相关的；相对的，比较的resident a.居住的n.居民，常住者scatter v.散开，驱散；散步，散播sigh n 叹息声，叹息v.叹息，叹气spit v.吐痰，吐唾沫n.唾液spite n.恶意，怨恨stage n.舞台，戏剧；阶段，时期strange a.陌生的，生疏的；奇异的，奇怪的；外地的，异乡的survive v.幸免于，幸存；比…长命tale n.传说；故事traffic n.交通，交通量university n.大学频率为 9 次的词汇argument n.争论，争辩，论据，论点attract vt.吸引；引起，诱惑attribute vt.把…归因于n.属性，品质，特征blame vt.责备，把…归咎于n.责任，过错，责备bound a.理应，必定，准备到…去v./n.跳越challenge n.挑战，艰巨任务；难题channel n.海峡；信道；路线，途径constitute v.构成，组成；考研英语词汇、词频统计·17·contain vt.包含，容纳；等于deep a.深的，深刻的，深切的ad.深，迟definite a.明确的；肯定的，限定的definition n.定义，释义；定界demonstrate vt.说明；论证；表露directly ad.直接地；立即disease n.疾病drama n.一出戏剧，剧本；戏剧性的场面due a.预期的；应给的，应支付的；应有的engine n.发动机，引擎；机车fell vt.砍倒(树等)；砍伐figure n.数字；外形；人物v.算出，估计，推测frequent a.时常发生的；经常的fuse n.保险丝，导火线v.熔化，熔合gain v./n.获得，利益，增加gum n.口香糖；树胶intellectual n.知识分子a.智力的justify vt.证明…是正当的lame a.跛的，瘸的；有缺陷的largely ad.主要的，基本上的；大量地leisure n.空闲时间；悠闲lest conj.惟恐，以免lock n.锁vt.锁上，锁住mass n.(聚成一体的)团，块mere a.仅仅的；纯粹的mist n.薄雾motor n.发动机；机动车organize vt.组织，编组partly ad.部分地，不完全地popular a.大众的；流行的，通俗的；广受欢迎的，有名的privilege n.特权，优惠，特许v.给予优惠，给予特权prolong vt.延长，拉长，拖延prospect n.展望；前景，前途；景色revolution n.革命；旋转，转数rival n.竞争者，对手a.竞争的v.竞争，对抗sad a.悲哀的，忧愁的saw n.锯子，锯床v.锯，锯开·18· .score n.二十；(比赛)得分，得数sight n.视力；视觉；望见；视域；眼界；情景，奇观significant n.有意义的；重要的，重大的simple a.单纯的，直率的；迟钝的，头脑简单的；简单的；朴素的solar a.太阳的，日光的sort n.种类；类别v.整理，分类species n.种类；(生物分类)种spy n.间谍，特务vt.当间谍，刺探；察觉，发现station v.驻扎；安置n.车站；所，站，局；身份，地位statistics n.统计stay vi.停留，暂住；保持下去，能继续；停止，站住n.逗留，停留sufficient a.足够的，充分的suggest v.建议，提出；使想起，暗示suit n.一套(衣服)；诉讼v.合适，适合；相配，适应super a.极好的，超级的talent n.天才；才能，天资training n.训练，培养transfer v.转移，调动；转车，转业，转学；转让，过户wonder n.惊奇，惊异；奇迹，奇事v.诧异，奇怪；纳闷，想知道难怪，怪不得频率为 8 次的词汇academic a.学院的；学术的admit v.承认；接纳apparent a.显而易见的，明显的；表面的，貌似的appeal v./n.呼吁要求；申述，上诉；对…有吸引力assess vt.估价，评价assume vt.假定；采取；呈现atmosphere n.大气；空气；气氛；大气压考研英语词汇、词频统计·19·attempt vt.尝试，试图n.企图，努力aware a.知道的，意识到的beneath prep./ad.在…下方，向下board n.木板；全体委员；船舷v.上船，登机，上车compete vi.比赛，竞争cope vi.对付，应付damage vt.损害，毁坏n.损害deed n.行为；事迹depress vt.使沮丧，压抑；降低educate vt.教育；培养；训练efficient a.效率高的；有能力的emotion n.感情；情绪；激动fashion n.样子，方式；风尚giant n.巨人；巨物hind a.后面的，后部的honor vt.给...以荣誉，尊敬n.尊敬，敬意；光荣icy a.冰冷的；冷冰冰的implication n.含义，暗示，暗指incident n.小事件；插曲；事变increasingly ad.日益，越来越多地innovation n.创新，改革，新设施liability n.责任；倾向；债务liable a.易于…的；可能的link vt.连接n.环，环节oar n.桨；划手vi.划(行)pie n.(西点)馅饼piece n.(文艺作品的)篇，首；碎片，断片v.拼合，拼凑policy n.政策，方针portion n.一部分；一分poverty n.贫穷，贫困preside vi.主持profit n.益处；利润，收益vi.（by，from）得利，获益；利用；有利于ray n.光线,射线recommend v.推荐，介绍;劝告,建议reflect v.反映，表现；反省，细想；考虑replace vt.把…放回；取代，替换；归还·20· .responsibility n.责任，责任心；职责，任务satellite n.卫星，人造卫星security n.安全，安全感shock n.冲击，震动；电击，触电；震惊；休克v.（使）震动，（使）震惊；（使）休克statement n.陈述，声明store v. 贮备，贮藏n.商店，店铺；贮藏，贮备品survival n.幸存(者)，残存物；生存，幸存tax v.对…征税，使负重担n.税（款），负担team vi.协同工作n.小队，小组temper n.脾气,情绪;韧度,回火度threaten v.威胁，恐吓；有…危险，快要来临tight ad.紧紧地a.紧的；紧身的，装紧的；密封的，不透…的typical a.典型的，有代表性的vitamin n.维生素，维他命warn vt.警告，告诫witness n.证据，证明；目击者，证人v.目击，目睹；作证频率为7次的词汇abuse vt./ n.滥用；虐待；谩骂adopt vt.收养；采用；通过aggressive a.侵略的，好斗的；有进取心的；敢作敢为的artificial a.人工的；人为的，造作的assert vt.断言，宣称assumption n. 假设，承担bear n.熊v.忍受；负担；结果实，生子女bright a.明亮的；聪明的；聪明的chief n.首领，领袖a.主要的，首要的circumstance n.情况，形势，环境；经济情形，境况conduct n.举止，行为，品行v.引导，带领；处理，管理；指挥考研英语词汇、词频统计·21·confidence n.信任，信心；私房话；秘密，机密confront vt.面临，遭遇，面对consistent a.前后一致的，连贯的constant a.经常的，不断的；永恒的，坚定的，忠实的construct vt.建造，建设，构筑contest vt.竞争，竞赛，比赛counter n.柜台，计数器criminal n.犯人，罪犯，刑事犯a.犯罪的，刑事的crude a.生的，未熟的；天然的，未加工的；粗鲁的，粗野的current a. 当前的；通用的n.电流，水流；潮流，趋势desirable a.值得期望的；称心如意的despite prep.不管，不顾digital a.数字的，计数的dim a.昏暗的；朦胧的；模糊的distant a.在远处的，疏远的distinction n.差别，不同，区分diver vi.跳水；潜水；俯冲dome n.圆屋顶，拱顶dramatic a.引人注目的，戏剧的；剧烈的dying a.垂死的；临终的emerge vi.出现，涌现；冒出entitle vt.把…称作，给以权利（或资格），给…题名eventually ad.终于；最后expand vt.扩大；使膨胀fault n.缺点；过失；故障flow vi.流，流动intelligent a.聪明的；理智的interior n.内部a.内部的introduce vt.提出(议案等)；介绍；引进；采用item n.条，条款；项目leading a.指导的；最主要的literature n.文学；文献，文学作品loud a.响亮的，大声的；吵闹的magazine n.杂志，期刊male a.男的，雄的n.男子manifest vt.表明，显示a.明白的·22· .mention v．/n.提到，说起note n.钞票，纸币；笔记；暗语；注释；便条occasion n.场合，时刻；时机odd a.奇数的；单只的；奇怪的；临时的，不固定的；带零头的party n.聚会，政党，党派；一方，当事人phrase n.短语；习惯用语，词语positive a.正的；阳性的；十足的，完全的；积极的，肯定的；确实的，明确的precise a.精确的，准确的pride n.骄傲；自满；自豪，自尊心，傲慢；引以自豪的东西v.使自豪，使自夸rare a.稀有的,珍奇的;稀薄的，难得的，稀疏的regulation n.规章，规则；调节，校准；调整remove vt.移动，搬开；脱掉，运走；去掉，排除resolve vt.决心，决定；（使）分解，溶解；议决，决议n.解决，解答；决心；决议reward n.（for）报酬，赏金，奖赏v.（for）酬劳，奖赏；酬谢，报答，奖酬row n.(一)排，(一)行；吵嚷，口角v.划（船）等，荡桨satisfaction n.满意，满足；乐事，愉快scale n.刻度，标度；天平，磅秤，秤；比例尺；规模；音阶；鱼鳞single a.单一的，单个的；独身的未婚的；单人的span n.跨距；一段时间spirit n.精神；气概，志气；[pl.]情绪，心情；[pl.]酒精，烈酒spread v.伸开，伸展；传播，散布n. 伸开，伸展；传播，散布stern n.船尾，舟尾a.严厉的，苛刻的；坚决的，坚定的storage n.贮藏量，保管；库房succeed v.成功；继承，接替考研英语词汇、词频统计·23·telephone n.电话,电话机v.打电话trip v.失足，绊倒n.旅行，远足turn v.转动，旋转，翻（转），（使）变化，变成n.旋转；变向；转弯，旋转；轮流universal ad.普遍的，全体的，通用的；宇宙的，世界的vast a.巨大的；大量的；巨额的warning n.警告，频率为 6 次的词汇absorb vt.吸收；使专心accomplish vt.完成admire vt.钦佩；赞美afford vt.买的起，担负得起…；供给appreciate vt.感激；正确评价，欣赏arise vi.出现，发生；（from）由…引起（产生）assemble vt.集合，召集；装配associate vi.使联系，使联合；交往n.伙伴，同事，同行background n.背景，后景，经历blind a.瞎的，盲目的n.百叶窗；窗帘；遮帘v.使失明，蒙蔽boom n./v. 迅速发展，兴旺，发出隆隆声camp n.野营，营地，兵营，帐篷v.设营，宿营candidate n.候选人，候补者，报名者casual a.偶然的；临时的，非正式的cement n.水泥，胶泥，胶接剂v.粘结，粘紧certainly ad.一定，必定；当然，行characterize vt.表示...的特征committee n.委员会；全体委员commodity n.商品，物品comparative a.比较的，相当的comparison n.比较，对照；比喻，比拟concentration n.集中；专心；浓缩conform v.遵守，依照，符合consideration n.考虑，思考；体贴，照顾；需要考虑的事，理由·24· .convenient a.便利的；方便的conversation n.会谈，谈话crime n.罪，罪行；犯罪define vt.给…下定义；限定degree n.程度；度；学位；等级delay vt.推迟；耽搁；延误dependence n. 依赖,依存；信赖derive v.取得，引申出;起源description n.描写，形容；种类desert vt.遗弃；擅离(职守)n.沙漠，不毛之地deserve vt.应受，值得device n.器械，装置，设备；设计，方法distance n.距离；远处efficiency n.效率；功效，效能emotional a.感情的，情绪的employer n.雇佣者，雇主entertain vt.使欢乐；招待estimate vt.估计，评价n.估计，评估exceed vt.超过，胜过；超出excessive a.过多的，极度的，过分的exclusive a.专有的，独占的；排外的explosion n.爆炸，爆发，extent n.广度；范围；程度flash vi.(火焰等)一闪,闪亮，闪现n.闪光forward ad.向前，前进gift n.礼物，赠品；天赋grand a.庄严的；伟大的；盛大的guarantee n./v.保证；担保happiness n.幸福，幸运；快乐hemisphere n.半球hence ad.因此，所以；今后host n.主人；东道主；一大群，许多；主持人ignore vt.不顾，不理，忽视impact n.影响，作用；冲击v.冲击，装紧impose vi.征税；把…强加给impress vt.印;留下极深的印象indeed ad.的确；真正地initial a.最初，开始insurance n.保险；保险费，保险业introduction n.介绍；引进；引言lag vi.走得慢，落后 n.落后lawyer n.律师考研英语词汇、词频统计·25·lecture n./vi.演讲，讲课lung n.肺脏，肺mankind n.人类master n.主人；能手；硕士v.精通，掌握native a.本国的，本土的necessity n.必要性；必然性；必需品net vt.用网捕；用网覆盖a.净的，纯净的noise n.喧闹声；响声；噪声notion n.概念，意念；看法，观念offend v.冒犯，犯过错oppose vt.反对；反抗optimistic a.乐观的；乐观主义的orient n.东方；亚洲，远东v.定…的_______方位partial a.部分的；不公平的；偏袒的persuade vt.劝说；说服；相信philosopher n.哲学家，哲人pine n.松树，松木plus prep.加 a.正的，加的n.加号，正号port n.港，港口possess vt.占用，拥有(财产)property n.财产；资产，所有物；性质，特性proportion n.比例；部分，份儿；均衡，相称psychological a.心理的，心理学的rational a.理性的,合理的regular a.有规则的，有规律的；整齐的，匀称的，正规的，正式的remarkable a.值得注意的；显著的，异常的，非凡的represent vt.描绘；代表；象征，代理；阐明，说明resign v.辞去，辞职retire vi.退休，引退；退却，撤退；就寝reveal vt.展现，显示；揭示，揭露，告诉，泄露sand n.沙；[pl.]沙滩，沙地scope n.（活动）范围；余地，机会screen n.屏风，屏幕；帘v.掩蔽，包庇；筛选secure a.（from，against）安全的，可靠的，放心的v.得到，获得；防护，保卫·26· .sensitive a.（to）敏感的，易受伤害的；灵敏的severe a.严格的，严厉的；剧烈的，严重的，严峻的，艰难的significance n.意义，含义；重要性，重大smooth a.光滑的，平滑的；平稳的；平静的；顺利的；流畅的；柔和的solid a.固体的；实心的；结实的，稳固的，可靠的n.固体solution n.解决方法，解答；溶解，溶液strain n.过多的疲劳，紧张；张力，应变v.扭伤，拉伤；拉紧，扯紧；紧张，尽力sudden a.突然的，意外的sympathy n.同情；同感；慰问，同情心systematic a.系统的，有组织的task n.任务，工作，作业tile n.瓦片，瓷砖；贴砖tour n./vi.旅行，游历transaction n.处理，办理；交易，事务；[pl.]会报，学报transform v.改变，变换，变压；转化，改造，改革transport v.运输，运送，搬运n. 运输，运送，运输系统，运载工具tune n.调子，曲调；和谐，协调v.调音，调节，调整via prep.经过；通过visible a.看得见的，可见的vote n.投票，表决；选票，选票数v.投票，表决willing a.甘心情愿的，乐意的worse a./ad.更坏，更差（的/地）worthy a.可敬的,有价值的;值得…的，配得上…的频率为 5 次的词汇考研英语词汇、词频统计·27·accurate a.准确的，精确的activate v.使活动，启动additional a.附加的，另外的，额外的adjust vt.调整，调节；校正annoy vt.使烦恼，使生气；打搅anticipate vt. 预期，预料，期望approval n.赞成，同意；认可，批准arctic a.北极区的n.北极，北极圈arrange vt.整理，排列；安排athlete n.运动员；田径运动员attractive a.有吸引力的belt n.带，腰带；地带biology n.生物学；生态学block n.阻塞，障碍物；街区；木料v.阻塞，拦阻，封锁branch n.枝条；支流；分部；部门broadcast n./v.广播，播音captive n.俘虏，被监禁的人a.被俘虏的，被监禁的charge n.费_______用，代价，电荷，负荷vt.索（价），收费；控告；充电cite vt.引用，引证，举例competitor n.竞争者，敌手。

考研词汇一词多义

考研词汇一词多义

考研词汇一词多义absent a.漫不经心的accept v.承认，同意accomplished a.熟练精通的acknowledge v.致谢affect n.感情，感觉answer v.负责，保证anybody n.重要人物anyhow adv.杂乱无章地approach v.开始，着手（工作，任务）argument n.论点artificial a.人为的，矫揉造作的aspect n.样子，外表，外貌associate a.副的assume a.采取，担任attitude n.姿势attribute v.认为是…所为n.品质，属性，特征balance n.差额，余款，节余barely ad.仅仅勉强，几乎没有beam v.发光，微笑bearing n.收获，成果beat n.&v.(心脏，跳动)betray v.流露，暴露blind a.盲目的n.百叶窗v.蒙蔽board n.委员会bond n.公债，债券，契约breakdown n.分类，（精神等）衰竭case n.病例，案例cast n.演员表chart v.详细计划cheap a.低劣的cock n.龙头，开关code n.法典，法规coherent a.（讨论中）一致的column n.报栏中的专刊condition v.被…制约consideration n.理由，因素，补偿counter a.&adv.相反的（地）cover v.给…上保险，采访deliver v.履行，兑现（诺言）discount v.漠视，对…不全信distinct a.清楚的，明白的down v.吞下establish v.确认，证实exploit n.功劳，功绩fancy a.（食品等）高贵的fellowship n.奖学金figure v.出现（in）;推断（on）finance v.为…提供资金flatly ad.断然地，直截了当地fold n.（用于数词后的词缀）倍foreign a.无关的，不相干的given prep.鉴于，考虑到，倘若harbor v.心怀；给提…供避难处hint n.(pl)建议，点子hold v.合同，试用，有效husband n.节约的人，节约，耕种import n.要旨，含义incubation n.潜伏期inform v.告发，告密instruction n.教育，教授late a.已故的，以前的level v.对准，是等同lot n.命运，（拍卖中抽签的一件）物品message n.启示，要旨minute n.会议记录mirror n.反映，反射need n.贫困，困窘offset v.抵消，弥补overhead n.经常性费用nice a.细微的package n.一揽子交易particular a.(用于表语)过分讲究的，挑剔的partner n.股东pattern v.仿制，模仿peculiar a.怪癖的platform n.党纲，政纲practically adv.几乎，差不多preparation n.制剂，制备品produce v.出示，演出promise n.希望，出息promising a.有希望的，有前途的pronounced a.明显的，显著的，确切的provided conj.倘若province n.领域provincial a.目光狭隘的provision n.条款，规定radical a.激进的n.激进分子reference n.查询reserve n.缄默，谨慎，矜持responsible a.是…重要的原因rest v.(on)取决于，归于routine n.司空见惯的事情royalty n.(著作的)版税safe a.谨慎的save prep.只是，只不过school n.学派，流派second v.附和，赞成sensation n.轰动，激动side v.偏袒，援助skirt n.（常用复数）郊区（=out skirt）solid a.可靠的，有根据的，确实的some adv.大约，稍微speciality n.特产，特制品spell v.招来，带来n.咒符stomach v.忍受，忍耐strike v.（使产生）印象，打动substantially adv.（引申）大幅度地surprise v.奇袭swim v.眩晕thorough a.精心的through a.直达的，直通的thrust n.要点，要旨ticket n.（交通违章）罚款，传票vehicle n.媒介，载体wander v.离题wisdom n.古训，至理名言（proverb, sayings）yet adv.还要。

考研一词多义

考研一词多义

appropriate v. 擅用，挪用，占用，盗用article n. 物品；制品，商品arrested adj. 引人注目的assume v. 承担，担任。

假装，装作…的样子，采取(…态度)bark n. 树皮; 三桅帆船bill n. 账单；清; 议案，法案;(水禽等细长而扁平的)嘴〔猛禽的钩状嘴通常叫beak 〕book vt. 预定，定(戏位、车位等)；托运(行李等)build n. 骨格，体格，成形catch n. 陷阱，圈套，诡计；料不到的困难champion vt. 维护，拥护，主张；为…而奋斗。

champion a cause 维护一项事业。

chest n. 1) 箱，函，柜，匣2) 银箱；金库，公款，资金close adj. 闷气的，闷热的complex n. 络合物，复合物，综合体concern n. 商行，公司；财团；康采恩；事业，业务consume vi. 枯萎；憔悴The flowers consumed away. 花枯萎了。

be consumed [away] with (envy, fever, ambition, grief)count n. 起诉理由，罪状。

critical adj. 危急的;决定性的，重大的coat v. 涂上一层(例如油漆)cure v. (鱼等用腌、熏、晒、烤等的)加工保藏(法)。

cut vt. 生，长，出(牙齿)date n. 海枣deal n. (松等的)木板；木材，木料;adj. 松木的dear adj. 昂贵的，高价的default n.&v. 不履行；违约；拖欠dock n. 草本植物vt. 剥夺，扣去…的应得工资down n. 〔美国〕沙丘;(蒲公英等的)冠毛; 鸭绒，绒毛；(鸟的)绒羽；柔毛。

汗毛，软毛，毳毛draw vt. 提取(钱款);使打成平局drill vt. (用钢钻)钻(孔)；在…上(用钢钻)钻孔drive n. 冲力，动力；干劲；努力；魄力；精力eat vt. 蛀；腐蚀；消磨exploit n. 功绩，功劳，勋绩factor n. 因子，因数; 倍；乘数；商fair n. 〔英国〕定期集市，庙会。

2013考研英语一新增词汇表讲解

2013考研英语一新增词汇表讲解
4【计】默认(to)：The program will ~ to its own style.程序将默认选用自身风格。
◇go by ~没有，缺乏；因疏忽而致丧失/ in ~ of因没有…；在缺少…时/ make ~【律】缺席
18
defer1
vt.&vi.
(deferred; deferring)推迟，（使）延期，（使）迟延
▷inaugurator n.
36
ivory
n.
1象牙；（海象等的）长牙：artificial ~人造象牙
2牙质：dental ~牙质
3（外表或用途等）类似象牙之物
4象牙色，乳白色
5象牙制品，仿象牙制品
6高级白板纸
7[the ivories]〈口〉琴键
8[ivories]〈口〉牙齿
adj.
20
diabetes
n.
【医】糖尿病
21
dinosaur
n.
1【古生】恐龙
2（尤指废弃过时的）庞然大物
3保守、顽固的人
▷dinosaurian n.&adj.
22
dioxide
n.
【化】二氧化物
23
embryo
n.
（[复]~s）
1胚；胚胎；（尤指受孕后8周内的）胎儿：a developing ~生长中的胚胎
2013考研英语一新增词汇表(60个)
1
accustom
vt.
使习惯于(to)：~ oneself to rising early使自己习惯于早起/ ~ sb. to sea life使某人习惯于海上生活/ ~ one's ears to the din使自己的耳朵适应喧闹声

考研英语词汇 一词多义的consequence

考研英语词汇 一词多义的consequence

考研英语词汇一词多义的consequence 在考研英语词汇的复习过程中，有些考生采取囫囵吞枣的复习方式，一味的追求背单词的速度，只记住了单词最外表的意思，而没有进展深度挖掘。

其实考研英语在题目的考查过程中，对考生单词的检测可谓是全方位多角度的，翻译、阅读理解中以及各个题型在考察同一个词汇时，可能详细应用到文中的意思不尽相同，这就需要引起考生的高度重视。

Consequence是考研英语的高频词汇。

下面是为大家带来的关于一词多义的consequence的知识，欢送阅读。

Consequence在历年考研真题中屡次考察，在文中出现的词意分别有“推论”、“结果”、“影响”等含义，但是什么情况下应该使用该词的什么含义，还要靠考生在平时做题的过程中仔细揣摩，善于总结积累，发现其中微妙。

【解析】该句子可以拆分为三段：Some of these causes are pletely reasonable results of social needs. / Others are reasonable consequences of particular advances in science / being to some extent self-aelerating.从该句子的构造来说，主干构造是一个比照句Some…are…reasonable result of…Others are reasonable consequences of…此外，particular advances后有多重定语in science being to some extent self-aelerating.就词的含义来说，Consequence在该句意为“结果”，reasonable consequences意为“必然结果”。

参考译文：在这些原因中，有些完全是自然而然地社会需求，另一些那么是由于科学在一定程度上自我加速而产生某些特定开展的必然结果。

2013年考研英语Text1阅读逐句分析

2013年考研英语Text1阅读逐句分析

2013年考研英语Text1阅读逐句分析In the 2006 film version of The Devil Wears Prada, Miranda Priestly, played by Meryl Streep, scolds her unattractive assistant for imagining that high fashion doesn’t affect her. Priestly explains how the deep blue color of the assistant’s sweater descended over the years from fashion showsto department stores and to the bargain bin in which the poor girl doubtless found her garment.21.Priestly criticizes her assistant for her _______.[A] lack of imagination（缺乏想象力）[B] poor bargaining skill（议价能力差）[C] obsession with high fashion（痴迷于高端时尚）[D] insensitivity to fashion（对时尚不感冒）看过电影《穿普拉达的女王》的同学，这一题不用看文章就可以选出来答案。

有兴趣的话，放松的时候可以看看：单词&词组搭配•version[ˈvɜːrʒn]（出现4次）n.方式，说法，状态，（电影，剧本、音乐的）版本•scold[skoʊld]（出现1次）责骂，训斥•assistant[əˈsɪstənt]（出现3次）n.助理，售货员；adj.助理的；动词形式是assist•descend[dɪˈsend]（出现1次）v下来.•，下降，由...继承，是...的后裔→descendant就是子孙的意思•department[dɪˈpɑːrtmənt]（出现11次）n.部门，（大学的）系；+store（百货公司）•bargain[ˈbɑːrɡən]（出现7次）n.廉价品；v.交易，议价（选项中的bargaining 翻译为议价）•bin[bɪn]（出现1次）箱子，dustbin（垃圾箱的）•doubtless[ˈdaʊtləs] adv.无疑地，确定地•criticize（出现4次）v.批评，评论（文中找到了替换的同义词scold，也就找到了答案）•obsession[əbˈseʃn]（出现2次）n.痴迷，着魔•insensitivity [ɪnˌsɛnsəˈtɪvəti] in-为否定前缀，不敏感的•scold sb.from sth.（因某事斥责某人）•descend from...to（由...降到.....）本段翻译06年电影版《穿普拉达的女王》中，梅丽尔所饰演的米兰达在斥责其毫不引人注意的助手，原因是她认为高端时尚也撼动不了她的助理。

2013考研英语高频词汇

2013考研英语高频词汇

abnormal不正常的 absurd荒谬的abundant丰富的acute敏锐的，锋利的，急性的accurate 精确的，准确的 adequate 足够的，恰当的，合适的adjacent（to）毗连的，接近的 adverse不利的，相反的aerial空中的，航空的 aesthetic审美的，有审美能力的agreeable宜人的，同意的 aggressive侵略的好斗的，进取的alien外国的，不同性质的 ambiguous模棱两可的模糊的ambitious有雄心的有抱负的 ample充足的，足够的，广大的analytical 分析的 anonymous 匿名的applicable 适用的，合适的 apprehensive 不安的，担心的appropriate合适的，恰当的 apt敏捷的；适当的；倾向，易于arrogant 傲慢的，自大的 authentic可靠的可信的authoritative 有权威的，可信的 autonomous 自治的，自主的average 一般的普通的 awesome 令人畏惧的aware 意识到的，知道的 awkward 尴尬的bald秃头的，不毛的，单调的barren贫瘠的不毛的bizarre 古怪的，奇异的bleak阴冷的，寒冷的；荒凉的；暗淡的blunt 不尖的，钝的；直率的，直言的 botanical植物学的bound 一定的 brisk 活跃的，活泼的brutal 野蛮的，残忍的 cardinal主要的，最基本的carefree 无忧无虑的casual 随意的，随便的catholic 广泛的，普遍的 cautious 谨慎的，小心的chronic慢性的cognitive认知的coherent 一致的，连贯的；清晰，易懂的compact紧凑的小巧的commercial 商业的，compassionate 表示同情的competent 有能力的competitive竞争性的，具有竞争力的compact紧凑的，小巧的，简洁的 complementary 互补的compulsory强迫的，强制的，义务的 concise 简洁的，简明的conclusive 确定的，决定性的confidential机紧的，秘密的conscientious负责的，尽责的 conscious意识到的，知道的consecutive 连续不断的，接连而来的 consequent 随后发生的，由引起的conservative 保守的，传统的 consistent 和…一致conspicuous 显而易见的，引人注目的 constituent 组成的，构成的conventional 传统的courteous 有礼貌的cordial热情的，诚恳的 corporate 法人的，公司的，全体的，cozy/cosy 舒适的 crisp 脆的，有霜气的；干脆的crucial/critical 关键的 cumulative 累积的current当前的decent 体面的，像样的，还不错的deceptive 欺骗的,骗人的definitive 最后的，明确的 delicate 精细的，微妙的，精心处理的democratic 民主的 desirable 理想的，想要的deteriorating 恶化的，变坏的 destined 命中注定的destructive 毁灭的 detached 超然的，detrimental 有害的 digital 数字的divisive 分裂的，不和的 disastrous 灾难性的discrete 不连续的，分立的 divine 神圣的，神的dominant 占优势的，有支配力的 dramatic 戏剧性的，夸张性的drastic 激烈的，猛烈的 dreadful 可怕的dubious 怀疑的，可疑的eccentric 怪癖的，古怪的，离心的 economic 经济的edible 可食的，无毒的 effective 有效果的efficient 有效率的 elegant优雅的，优美的，精致的eligible 合格的 eloquent 有口才的，善辩的embarrassing 令人尴尬的 energetic 精力充沛的equivalent 相等的 erroneous 错误的essential 必要的，基本的 esthetic审美的eternal永恒的，无休止的 evitable 可以避免的excessive 过分的，过度的 exclusive独有的，排他的exotic 外来的，奇特的 explicit 清楚的exquisite 优美的，精致的；灵敏的，敏锐的 extinct 灭绝的，绝种的extensive 广泛的 extravagant 浪费的，奢侈的，过分，过度的fabulous 神话中有名的，难以相信的fanciful 奇怪的，不真实的fatal 致命的，毁灭性的 feasible 可行的feeble 脆弱的，虚弱的 feminine 妇女的，女性的，阴的fertile 肥沃的，有才智的，能生的 financial 财政的，经济的finite 有限度的 flexible 灵活的，能适应环境的formidable 可怕的，艰难的forthcoming 即将到来的；现成的；热心的fragile 易碎的，易受伤害的 fragrant 芳香的furious 猛烈的，生气的 fruitful 有成效的generous 大方的 genetic 基因的gigantic 巨大的 global 全球的gloomy 暗淡的，忧伤的 gorgeous 华丽的，灿烂的gracious 亲切的，大方的 grim 严厉的，严格的，冷酷的hasty 仓促的，匆忙的 homogeneous 同类的，同性质的hostile 敌对的 humble 卑微的hysterical 歇斯底里的 ideal 理想的identical相同的，一样的 ignorant 无知的imaginable 可以想象的 imaginative 富有想象力的，爱想象的immune 有免疫力的，安全的 impartial 公正的imperative 必要的，急切的，强制的 inaccessible不可接近的，不能达到的inadequate 不充分的，不适当的 incessant 不断的，不停的incredible 难以置信的 inclusive 包括的，包含的incurable 不治之症的indefinite 不确定的，模糊的indicative 直述的，指示的，表示的 indifferent 不关心的，冷漠的indignant 生气的，愤怒的 indispensable 必不可少的infectious传染的，传染性的 inferior 较次的，较劣的,地位较低的，较差的influential 有影响力的 innate/inborn 天生的ingenious 天才的，灵巧的，精美的 inherent 固有的，生来的innocent 无辜的，天真的 inspirational 灵感的instantaneous 瞬间的，即时的 instrumental 乐器的，有帮助的intent 专心的，专注的 intentional 故意的intelligible 易理解的，易领悟的 interactive 相互的，互动的intermittent 间歇的，断续的 internal 内部的intimate 亲密的 intricate 复杂精细的intrinsic 固有的，本质的，内在的 invalid 无效的，伤残的，残废的invaluable 无价的 ironical 讽刺的irreplaceable 不能替换的，不能代替的irrespective (of )不考虑，不顾jealous 嫉妒的 judicial 法官的，法庭的，审判的juvenile 少年的 legislative 立法的，法律的legitimate 合法的，正规的，合理的 lenient 宽大的，不严厉的liberal 自由的 linear 线的，线状的literal 文字的，字面的，逐字逐句的 literate 识字的，文雅的locomotive 移动的，引起运动的 lofty 高的，高尚的，高傲的logical 合乎逻辑的 luminous 发光的，明亮的；清楚的，容易的masculine 男性的，阳性的 massive 大规模的，大量的mechanical 机械的 medieval 中古的，中世纪的mental 心理的，精神的， metallic 金属的militant 好战的，尚武的 merciful 仁慈的，宽大的mobile 活动的，流动的，移动的 monetary 货币的muscular 肌肉的 mythical 神话般的naive 自然而天真的，质朴的 nasty 肮脏的negligible可忽略的，微不足道的 nominal 名义上的，名字的，无价值的notable 显著的，著名的notorious臭名昭著的，声名狼藉的numerical 数字的，表示数量的 obedient 服从的，顺从的obscure 模糊不清的 obscene 淫秽的，肮脏的optimistic 乐观的 optional 可供选择的oriental 东方的 original 原先的，最早的orthodox 正统的，公认的 overt 公然的，公开的overwhelming 势如破竹的，压倒性的 passionate 热情的，多情的pathetic悲哀的，悲惨的 patriotic 爱国的perpetual 永久的，持久的 persistent 坚持不懈的potential 可能的，潜在的 poisonous 有毒的predominant卓越的，流行的，显著的 prevalent 普遍的，流行的primitive 原始的，早期的 productive 有生产力的，多产的proficient 熟练的，精通的 profound 深刻的，深远的prominent 突出的，杰出的 prompt 即刻的，迅速的prone (to) 易于，倾向于 proper 恰当的prosperous 富裕的，繁荣的prudent 谨慎的；小心的qualitative 与性质有关的，定性的 queer 奇怪的，古怪的radiant 光辉灿烂的，容光焕发的 radical 激进的，根本的random 随意的，无目的的 rash 匆忙的，卤莽的，草率的raw 自然状态的，未加工的 redundant 过多的，多余的relevant与…有关的 reliable 可靠的resistant 有抵抗力的 respectable 可尊敬的rewarding值得的rigorous 严格的，严厉的；严酷的righteous 正义的，义愤的 rough 粗略的，不精确的savage 野蛮的；凶猛的，残酷的 sensitive 敏感的sheer完全的，十足的 shrewd精明的simultaneous 同时的 skeptical 怀疑的slight 轻微的，小的 sound 合理的，健康的stable/steady 稳定的，不断的 stationary 固定的strenuous 吃力的，奋发的，奋斗的 subordinate 次要的，从属的substantial 巨大的， subtle微妙的，精巧的，细微的sufficient 足够的 superficial 肤浅的surgical 外科的 supplementary 增补的，补充的，附susceptible 易动感情的;敏感的;易受…影响的suspicious 怀疑的sustainable 可持续的sympathetic 有同情心的tedious 冗长的，乏味的 tentative 试探的thermal 热的，热量的 transient 短暂的，片刻的trivial 琐碎的，不重要的 turbulent 动荡的，混乱的typical 典型的，有代表性的 ultimate 最后的，最终性的unanimous 全体一致的，无异义的 underlying 潜在的，根本的universal 普遍的，普通的verbal 言语的，口头的，逐字的versatile 多才多艺的 vicious 恶的，恶意的，错误的visible 看的见的 vivid 生动的，栩栩如生的vocational 职业的 void =invalid 无效的vulnerable 易受伤的，容易受到…影响的 watertight 防水的weary 疲倦的，劳累的 weird=odd=strange 奇怪的worth 值得的wretched可怜的, 破旧的, 恶劣的, 沮丧的amply 充足的，大量的 barely=hardly=scarcely 几乎不deliberately 故意地,深思熟虑地,审慎地exclusively 仅仅；唯一explicitly 明确地 implicitly 不清楚地forcibly 强行地，有力地 formerly 原先地，以前，从前incidentally 附带地，偶然地 increasingly 日益，越来越多地inevitably 必然地，不可避免地 intentionally 有意地，故意地invariably 永不变的，恒久的 optimistically. 乐观地outwardly 表面上，外表上地 practically 实际上；几乎，差不多presumably 大概，可能，据推测quarterly 按季地shabbily 破旧地，褴褛地，卑鄙地shrewdly 精明地，明智地shortly 不久，很快simultaneously 同时发生地somewhat颇为，稍稍，有几分 spontaneously 自发地，自然产生地startlingly 惊人地 triumphantly(欣喜)胜利地,成功地unexpectedly 意外地 virtually 事实上，实际地abundance 丰富，充裕access (to) 入口，通路，接触accessory 附件，附属品 accommodation 膳宿；和解，调解，适应acknowledgement 承认，感谢，致谢admiration 欣赏adolescence 青年期adolescent 青年，少年admission 许可，入门费，门票；承认，供认advocate提倡者，拥护者affection 亲爱，爱意 aggregate 合计，总数aisle 走廊，通道 allowance 津贴；考虑，体谅alloy 合金 ambition 野心，雄心ammunition 军火，弹药 analogy 相似，比喻，类比anticipation 预期，期望apparatus 仪器，装置；器官appendix 附加物，附录appraisal 估计，估价，评价appreciation 感谢，感激 array 陈列，一系列arena 比武场，竞技场，舞台 armo(u)r 盔甲，装甲array 阵式，服装；一大批，一系列 artery 动脉；干道，主流artillery大炮，炮兵 aspiration 愿望，希望；渴望assassination 暗杀，行刺 assurance 保证，自信，把握automation 自动化 aviation 航空，飞行axis 轴，轴心，政治联盟 ballet/ ballot 芭蕾，芭蕾舞剧bankrupt 破产；完全缺乏batch 一批，一捆bearing 举止，态度；关系，方面 belly 肚子，腹部bias 偏见，倾向，癖性bishop 主教blunder 错误，大错 budget 预算booth 棚子，摊位，亭 botany 植物学boycott 联合抵制 brace 链，曲柄bracket 托架，类别；分类breach 违犯，破坏，缺口breakdown 坏掉，出毛病；病倒，衰退brink （危险等）边缘brochure 小册子bruise 挫伤；碰伤，淤伤bust 半身像，胸部 buzz 嗡嗡声bypass 辅助道路 cannon 大炮，火炮canvas 帆布，油画 capsule 胶囊caption 标题，题目；说明文字 captive 俘虏，被捕获的（动物）capability 能力，才能 cash 现金casualty 灾祸；伤亡 catastrophe 大灾害，灾祸cathedral 总教堂，大教堂 caution 小心；谨慎，警告census 人口统计，人口调查 chorus 合唱团，异口同声chunk 一大块，一厚块 circulation (书报的)发行量，循环，流通circus 竞技场，马戏团 clan 宗族，大家族，氏族clarity 清楚，透明 clearance 清除；间隙，空间；结关手续climax 高潮，顶点cluster 团，族，小群coalition 联合，联盟 collaboration 合著，合作，勾结，通敌commitment 承诺，许诺commentary 实况报道，注释commonplace 习以为常的事情compartment 隔间，车室competence 称职，能力，权限compensation 补偿，赔偿complexion 肤色，面色，面貌；形式complication 复杂，困难；并发症compliment 恭维，表扬，问候，致意conception 构思，构想；怀孕configuration 形状，外貌，轮廓，排列 consideration 考虑constitution 组成，构成；体格，体质；宪法consultant 顾问contempt 轻视，蔑视，鄙视，不尊敬contention 争辩，争论，论点controversy 争论，辩论 conversion 转化，改变，转变corpse 尸体 counterpart 相对应的人或物；对方courtesy 礼貌，谦恭 coverage 新闻报导coward 胆小鬼，懦夫crumble 碎屑，细屑damage 损坏debate 争论，辩论decree 法令，判决 default 不负责，不到场，不还债defiance 反抗，不尊重 deficit 赤字denial 否认，否定，拒绝给与(正义，权利) descendant 后裔，后代descent 下来，下去；祖先，祖籍；突袭 destiny 命运，天命discrepancy 不同，不符合digest 摘要，简编dilemma 窘境，困境 distinction 区分，辨别disposition 排列,性情,气质;倾向;支配权,处理权disturbance 搅乱，动乱；不安，骚动diversion 转向，改道；消遣，娱乐；分散doctrine 教条，主义，学说domain 领土，领域；范围dome 圆屋顶drainage 排水，疏水drawback 缺陷，障碍，不利drought 干旱，旱灾edible 可食之物elite 杰出的人才或人物，精华 emergency 紧急情况empirical 经验的，全凭实验的 encouragement 鼓励enclosure 包围，函中信件 essence 本质estimate 估计esteem 尊敬，尊重excerpt 摘录，引述 expedition 远征，远征队expenditure 开支expertise 鉴定，评价；知识和技术exposition 解释，说明extinction .灭绝facet 平面，刻面，方面 fashion 方式，样子feast 盛宴；赏心悦目的东西 feat 技艺；伟绩federation 联邦制，联合会，联盟 ferry 渡船fitting 试衣，试穿；固定装置，家具，设备 flattery 奉承，阿谀之词fragrance 香味，香气 flaw 裂纹，瑕疵fortune 财产，大笔的钱fraction 小部分，一点friction 摩擦，不和，冲突fuse 保险丝，导火线fusion 融合，联合 galaxy 星系garment 衣服 glacier 冰河glamour 魅力，魔力，诱惑力gossip 闲话，闲谈，随笔，漫谈guarantee 保证，保证书，保修单guilt 犯罪，罪状handicap 障碍，阻碍harassment 烦恼，困苦，侵扰harmony 与…协调一致，和谐 heritage 遗产，继承物hierarchy 等级制度 hike 徒步旅行hinge 重点，关键，主旨 hospitality 友好款待，好客hostage 人质 humidity 潮湿，湿度hurricane 飓风 hypothesis 假设，假说ideology 思想方式，意识形态 idiot 白痴，傻瓜illusion 错觉，假象 impetus 动力，推动力，刺激incentive 刺激，动机，鼓励，诱因 inertia 迟钝，呆滞；惰性，惯性ingredient 成分 inlet 入口insight 理解，洞察力 inspection 检查，视察instinct 本能，直觉 integrity 正直，诚实intersection 交叉，交叉口intuition 直觉intuition 直觉 inventory 详细目录存货，盘存junction 连接，会合，交叉点junk 破烂物，垃圾lace 花边，饰带 atitude 纬度,地区;自由,自由的范围layman 外行人，门外汉 liability 责任，义务；易于，倾向于likelihood 可能性 locality 位置，地方；辨认地方的能力longitude 经度 lounge 休息室，休息处lease 租约，契约 legislation 立法，法律limitation 局限性，缺点 loyalty 忠诚，忠心luxury 奢侈，豪华 magistrate 地方官吏/法官magnitude 大小，光度 mansion 大厦，官邸manifestation 表现(形式) massacre 大屠杀meadow 草地，牧场 mechanism 机械装置，机构，结构方式melody 音律;歌曲,曲调;主调,旋律 menace 危险，威胁migrant 移居者，候鸟minority少数；未成年misfortune 不幸，灾难momentum 动量，动力，推动力monopoly 专利权，独占，垄断；专利品morality 道德，美德mortgage 抵押，抵押品notion 概念，观念，理解novelty 新鲜，奇特，新奇物oath 誓约，誓言obligation (法律上或道义上的)责任offset 印刷术offspring 后代，子孙，幼子optimum 最佳，最适宜，最有利orientation 定方向，定方位，朝向outfit 服装，装备，用具occasion 场合 opponent 敌人，对手ornament 装饰，装饰品 overpass 天桥，路桥，高架桥paradox 反论 parasite 寄生虫，食客participation 参加，加入partition 分割，分配，瓜分pastime 消遣，娱乐pasture 草原，牧场patent 专利权patrol 巡逻，巡查；巡逻者patron 赞助人，资助人pattern 模式penalty 制裁，惩罚 pension 养老金personality 人格，人性 plateau 高地，高原pledge 保证，誓言 plight 困境，苦境position位置，职位，职务posture 姿势；状态，情况；心境，态度predecessor 前任，原有的事物premise 前提，假设premium 保险费；报酬，奖金prescription 处方preservation 保护，防护 prestige 威信，威望pretext 借口，托辞prey 猎物priority 优先(权) proceeding 进行，举止，行为，处置prophet 先知，鼓吹者，提倡者，预言者proposition 主张；提议；问题，难题prospect 前景，可能性 proximity 接近，接近于pursuit 追逐，追求；职业，工作questionnaire 调查表，问卷racket 喧嚣，闹声，繁忙rate 速度ration 比率 recession (经济)衰退，不景气；撤退reconciliation 和解，调停，顺从，听从reflection 反映，表现refreshment 爽快，舒心；提神的东西refuge 躲避，避难，避难所refund 退还，退款regime 政体，制度regiment 团，多数，大量rehearsal 演习，排演，详述reign 主权，统治；朝代，王朝rein 缰绳rejoice 欢喜，快乐 relay 替换，替班，接力，转播reliance 依靠，信任，信赖relish 吸引力，热心，兴趣remainder 剩余物或人 remnant 残余，剩余repression 镇压，抑制，压抑 reputation 名声，声望resemblance 相似，类似 reservation 贮存，贮藏reservation 预订，保留 retention 保持，保留retrospect 回顾，回望 revelation 显示，泄露revenue 税收，岁入 rival 竞争对手routine 常规，惯例，例行公事rupture 破裂，绝交safeguard 安全设施或措施 salvation 拯救，救助savage 野人，野蛮人 scent 气味，香味；踪迹，痕迹scene 景色，景象 scorn 轻蔑，鄙视scrutiny 细察，详审，核算选票sensation 感觉，激动，轰动sentiment 感情,情绪,情操;伤感;意见,观点setback 阻碍，挫折shortage 短缺，不足 smash 打碎，粉碎stability 稳定(性)，稳固 stack 堆，一堆standard 标准 subsidy 补助金，资助金surface 表面 suspension 暂停，延缓，停职，吊销synthesis 综合，合成，合成物 temperament 气质，性格tempo 数率，进度，节奏 testimony 证言，证词；宣言，陈述threshold 开端，入口 tolerance 容忍，忍耐力transaction 处理，办理，交易transition 过渡，转变trend 倾向，趋势turnover 营业额，销售金额variation 变化，变动 vegetation 植物，草木vein 心情，心思，意向verdict 裁决，判决；决定，判断versus 相对，对抗vicinity 接近，附近；密切的关系void 空虚，空处 warehouse 货仓warfare 作战，交战 warrant 根据，权威，委任状abandon 抛弃，放弃accommodate 供给住宿，答应; 适应acknowledge 承认，供认；致谢，打招呼acquaint 熟悉，认识，通晓acquire 获得，得到 activate 使活波，激活addict (to) 沉溺于，嗜好 adhere to 坚持，忠于adjoin 邻近，接近，毗连 administer 管理，处理，治理，实行，实施adore 崇拜，敬爱，爱慕 affiliate 加盟，入会affirm 肯定，断言 afflict 受折磨，使苦恼afford 付得起，冒危险；供给，给予 aggravate 使恶化，使严重alienate 离间，使不和，使疏远，转移，让渡allege 断言，宣称，提出alleviate 减轻，缓和 allocate 分配，配给，拨给alternate 交替，轮流 amend 改善，改良，改正；修正anticipate 预期，盼望 appease 使平息，安抚applaud 赞扬，称赞articulate 清晰说话，连接ascend 上升，攀登 ascertain 确知，探知ascribe 归因于，归功于 assemble 集合，聚集，装备assign 分派，指派(职务，任务) assimilate 吸收，同化attribute...to 归因于 authorize/ise 授权，委托；批准，许可avail 利用，有帮助，有用avert 转移，防止，避免baffle 困惑，阻止，难住 beam 微笑，高兴地笑；播送（节目等）base 建立在……的基础上 bewilder 迷惑，弄糊涂blaze 燃烧；照耀 blink 眨眼，闪烁不定blush 脸红，羞愧，羞于承认boost 提高，上扬，吹嘘breach 冲破，突破 breed (over ) 培育，养育brew 酿制，调制；造成，形成，酝酿brood 沉思，思考，思虑browse 食，吃；浏览，随便阀阅bully 威胁，欺负carve 雕刻，铭刻，刻字 cater (for) 准备，提供，迎合certify 证明，保证 chant 唱歌，反复唱歌颂clamp 施压，钳制，用力制止clasp 紧握，紧抱cling (to )坚守，抱紧 clutch 抓住，攫取，扑捉coincide with 相同，相一致collaborate 合著，合作，合伙collide 互撞，碰撞 commemorate 纪念，庆祝commend 称赞，赞扬commence 开始commute 改变，换算成；减刑，通勤compensate 补偿，赔偿compile 编辑，编制，编写 complement 补充，补足，结合comply with 遵守 conceive 想出，设想concern 涉及 condense 压缩，浓缩conflict 冲突，战争 conform 符合，遵守，适应confront 面对，面临 conserve 保护，保存confer 授予；商谈，商讨，讨论 console 给予安慰或同情，慰问consolidate 巩固，统一 constrain 强迫，勉强，驱使contemplate 注视，沉思，打算 contend 奋斗，竞争；主张，断言contrive 发明，设计，想办法，设法完成convene 召集，召开，集合converge 汇合，聚集 convey 表达，传达correlate 有关系，发生联系 corrode 腐蚀，侵蚀，受损害corrupt 腐败，败坏，行贿crash (飞机)坠毁，冲入，破产，垮台cruise 航行，漫游，行进 culminate 到达极点dart 飞奔，投射，冲进 dazzle 使眩目，耀眼deceive 欺骗，哄骗 decline 下降，减少，衰退dedicate 奉献，献身，致力于 deduce 推理，推想，演绎出deem 相信，认为 default 不负责，不到场，不还债defend 为……辩护 defy 违抗，藐视degenerate 退步，堕落，腐化，恶化 degrade 降级，堕落denote 代表，指出，指示 denounce 揭发，告发deny 否认，剥夺，拒绝给deport 驱逐出境deprive 剥夺 derive 得来，得到descend 下落 descend 下来，下去；遗传，为后代deserve 值得 designate 标明，指明，命名despise 鄙视，轻视，瞧不起 detach 解开，拆开，使分离detain 扣留，使等候，阻止，耽搁 deteriorate 恶化，变坏，变质deviate (使)背离，(使)偏离differentiate 区别，辨别，分别diffuse 散布，传播，扩散，推广 dilute 变稀，变淡，稀释；减弱diminish 减少，缩小 disable 使无能力，使残废discern 辩明，认清 discriminate 区别，辨别；歧视dispense 分配，分给，施给；配药 disperse 驱散，散开displace 移走，移置 disguise 假扮，伪装disrupt 分裂，打破distort 歪曲，扭曲dominate 统治，占据 dodge 闪避，躲闪，逃避，规避donate 捐赠，赠送doom 判定，注定dread 害怕，畏惧drain 渐渐耗尽duplicate 复制，重复eject 离开，逐出；喷出，射出elapse 经过，过去，逝去 elevate 举起，提高，使高尚elicit 发出，引出 eliminate 消除，淘汰，剔除embark 乘船，装载；开始，从事embody 体现，包括，包含endow 捐赠，赋有 endure 忍受，忍耐enhance 提高，增加enroll 使成为…的成员，注册ensue 随着发生，因而发生 erase 擦掉，抹去，抹掉erupt 爆发，迸发 escort 护送，护航evacuate 撤离，撤退，疏散 evaporate 蒸发，消失，死亡exempt (from) 使免除 evoke 引起，唤起exclaim 呼喊，欢呼expire 到期，期满explore 探险，探索 extract 拔出，拔取；榨出；摘录fabricate 建造，装置；捏造，伪造flank 侧翼包围flap (鸟)振翅(飞行)，挥动，轻拍flare 燃烧，闪烁，突然爆发flush 变红，脸红，激动formulate 明确的表达，阐述foster 照顾，培育，培养，养育follow 遵从，接受furnish . 配备，装饰 gasp 喘气，喘息gauge 精确计量；估计，判断 gaze 凝视，注视gear (to )使适应，使适合 glitter 闪烁graze 吃草，放牧 grease 涂上，搽上grieve 使伤心，使悲伤 grin 露齿笑groan 呻吟 grope 摸索，搜寻hamper 妨碍，限制haul 拖，拉haunt 常去，常出没，萦饶心头hinder 阻碍，妨害hoist 举起，升起，吊起 hover 盘旋，翱翔huddle 挤在一起，缩成一团hurl 投掷，猛投identify 认出，确认 ignite 引燃，发火illuminate 照亮，说明，阐明immerse (in )使浸没，使专心impair 损害，伤害 impart 传授，给予；通知，告知impose 把…强加于 inaugurate 举行就职仪式，是…开始incorporate 结合，合并 incur 招致，蒙受induce 劝诱，诱导 indulge 纵容，放任inflict on 强加于，使受痛苦 inhabit 居住inhibit 阻止，禁止，抑制 intend 意欲，打算interpret 解释，说明 initiate 开始，着手，准许加入；传授inject 注射，注入 insulate 绝缘，绝热，隔离intervene 干涉，阻扰，调停 intrigue 设阴谋；激起好奇心invert 倒转，颠倒 irritate 激怒，使急噪；使不舒服jeopardize 危及，损坏 jerk 猛拉，颠簸而行jog 轻摇，缓缓行进 lash 猛击，煽动levy 征收，征集；扣押linger 逗留，徘徊，留恋；迟缓，拖延litter 乱丢，乱堆 locate 位于，定位loom 隐隐地出现，压在心头 lubricate 加润滑油，使顺利进展lure 吸引，诱惑 magnify 放大，垮大，夸奖manifest 显示，清楚表示，表明 mean 打算，意欲mediate 想，考虑，沉思，思考 merge 合并，逐渐融入mingle 混合起来，相混合 minimize 对…做最低估计mob 包围（攻击） mobilize 动员mock 愚弄，嘲弄；使无法得逞 monitor 监听，监控mourn 悲悼，哀悼，道歉 necessitate 使必要neglect 忽视，遗漏 nominate 提名，指定，指派nurture 养育，教养occupy 占领，使忙碌oppress 压迫，使难受 orient 朝向东方，认清形式originate 首创，起源 outrage 侵害，触犯，违反overflow 溢出，漫出，洋溢overhear 偷听，无意中听到overlap 重叠，相同，交叉 overwhelm 压倒，浸没，使不安parade 游行 paralyze/yse 使麻痹，使瘫痪pedal 踩踏板 peel 剥，削perish 毁灭，死亡permeate 渗入，渗透perplex 使困惑，使迷惑plead 辩护，答辩；恳求，请求poke 推，刺，塞 ponder 考虑，沉思preach 宣传，传教，鼓吹，倡导 precede 在前，居先，先于preclude 阻止，使不可能 prescribe 开处方，开药preside 主持，管理 prolong 延长，拖延propel 推进，推动 protest 抗议，反对provoke 引起，激起quantify 表示或测定。

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2013年考研系列——考研英语阅读常见一词多义2013年考研系列——考研英语阅读常见一词多义act, appeal, assume, claim, discipline, fair, figure, feature, issue, note1) Actn. ①法案, 法令②动作, 举动③节目, (戏剧的) 幕v. ①行动, 产生...的效果②担当③表演, 表现, 见效(07-01) this success, coupled with later research showing that memory itself is not genetically determined, led Ericsson to conclude that the act of memorizing is more of a cognitive exercise than an intuitive one. （名）行为这一成功，连同后来证明的记忆本身不是遗传决定的研究，使得埃里克森得出结论，即记忆过程是一种认知练习，而不是一种本能练习。

(07-04) Regulators will act if firms fail to provide adequate data security.（动）行动如果公司没有提供适当的信息安全保护措施，那么监管人员就会采取行动。

(06-01) this turned shopping into a public and democratic act. （名）行为这使得购物成为一种大众的、民主的行为(96-02) The commercial TV channels — ITV and Channel 4 — were required by the Thatcher Government's Broadcasting Act to become more commercial, competing with each other for advertisers, and cutting costs and jobs. （名）法案商业电视频道——ITV和第四频道——应撒切尔政府广播法案的要求进行商业化，彼此竞争广告业务，降低成本，裁减员工。

2) Appealn. ①请求, 呼吁②上诉③吸引力(appealing: 有吸引力的) v. ①求助, 诉求②控诉(03-03) Shippers who feel they are being overcharged have the right to appeal to the federal government's SurfaceTransportation Board for rate relief, but the process is expensive, time consuming, and will work only in truly extreme cases. （动）上诉如果客户感到他们被多收费，他们有权上诉到联邦政府的“陆路运输局”以争取价格下调。

但这个过程耗财、耗时，并且只有在真正极端特殊的情况下才有作用。

(99-04) NBAC members also indicated that they would appeal to privately funded researchers and clinics not to try to clone humans by body cell nuclear transfer.（动词）呼吁NBAC的成员明确表示，他们呼吁由私人提供资金的研究人员和机构不要试图通过人体细胞核转移去克隆人。

3) Assume /Assumptionv/n: ①假定, 设想②采取③呈现④承担(05-01) Such behavior is regarded as “all too human”, with the underlying assumption that other animals would not be capable of this finely developed sense of grievance. （名）假定，假设这种行为被看作是“人之长情”，其潜在的假定其他动物不可能具有如此高度发达的不公平意识。

(98-02) What is harder to establish is whether the productivity revolution that businessmen assume they are presiding over is for real. （动）认为商人们自认为的他们所领导的生产力革命是否确有其事，这一点更加难以确定。

(97-02) As is true of any developed society, in America a complex set of cultural signals, assumptions, and conventions underlies all social interrelationships.（名）信念，假定同任何发达国家一样，一系列复杂的文化特征，信念和习俗构成了美国所有社会交往的基础。

4) Claimv/n: ①索赔②声称③主张(05-01) If you see an article consistently advertised, it is the surest proof I know that the article does what is claimed for it, and that it represents good value. （动）宣称如果你看到一种商品不断地打广告，我认为这是最可靠的证明，即此商品一定与其宣传名副其实，一定体现良好的价值。

(05-04) Equally, in poetry, the highly personal, performative genre is the only form that could claim real liveliness. （动）主张同样的，对于诗歌来说，非常个性化和富有表现力的创作风格成为了能够表达真实生动含义的唯一形式。

(01-05) A lateral move that hurt my pride and blocked my professional progress prompted me to abandon my relatively high profile career although, in the manner of a disgraced government minister, I covered my exit by claiming "I wanted to spend more time with my family".（动）主张一次平调伤了我的自尊心，并阻断了我的事业发展，这促使我放弃自己地位较高的职业，当然，就像面子扫尽的政府部长那样，我也掩饰性地声称“我只想与家人更多的呆在一起”。

(00-05) In an odd way, however, it is the educated who have claimed to have give up on ambition as an ideal. （动）声称然而，恰恰是那些受过良好教育的人却不可思议地声称他们已经放弃了雄心壮志这一理想。

(99-01) As personal injury claims continue as before, some courts are beginning to side with defendants, especially in cases where a warning label probably wouldn't have changed anything. （名）索赔尽管个人伤害的索赔一如既往地继续着，但有些法庭已开始站到被告一方，特别是在处理那些有警示语也无法避免伤害的案件时。

(99-05) He has put forward unquestioned claims so consistently that he not only believes them himself, but has convinced industrial and business management that they are true. （名）主张他所提出的种种主张是如此不容置疑、如此一致，以至于不仅他自己相信了，而且也说服了工商界的管理者相信其正确性。

5) Disciplinen.①纪律②学科n/v.训练(96-03) The cruel discipline of the strike and lockout taught the two parties to respect each other's strength and understand the value of fair negotiation. （名）纪律罢工和封厂的严酷惩罚使双方学会了互相尊重对方的力量，理解公正谈判的价值。

(96-04) With a mind prepared by thorough school discipline, the American boy develops rapidly into the skilled workman. （名）训练由于有了学校彻底训练过的头脑，美国孩子迅速地成为技术熟练的工人。

6) Fairadj. ①(肤色)白皙的②(头发)金黄的③干净的④公平的⑤(天气)晴朗的n. 展览会, 市集(07-03) During the past generation, the American middle-class family that once could count on hard work and fair play to keep itself financially secure had been transformed by economic risk and new realties. （形容词）公平的在过去的十几年里，美国那些曾经可以依靠辛勤劳动和公平竞争以维持其收入稳定的中产阶层家庭被经济风险和新现实改变了。

(03-02) For example, a grandmotherly woman staffing an animal rights booth at a recent street fair was distributing a brochure that encouraged readers not to use anything that comes from or is tested in animals — no meat, no fur, no medicines. （名）集市例如，在近期的一次集市上，一位老奶奶站在动物权利宣传点前散发小册子，规劝人们不要使用动物制品和动物实验制品——肉类，毛皮，药物。

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