博士入学考试英语模拟题

English Entrance Examination

For Non-English Major Doctoral Candidates

Paper One

Part II Reading Comprehension (30 points, 45 minutes)

Directions: In this part there are several passages. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked

(A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding

letter on the Answer Sheet.

Passage 1

Every year scientists open more doors that lead to the secrets of

new beneficent drugs.

There is bacitracin, which was discovered by two scientists at

Columbia University's College of Physicians and Surgeons. These two

people, Dr. Frank Meleney and Miss Balbina Johnson, knowing that the

human body had some kind of action in itself with which it fights

infections, began to search for the chemical that does this. In the

hospital they examined badly infected wounds of people who had been

hurt in accidents and made tests of the blood and the infected tissue.

Finally, in the wound of a girl who had broken a leg bone, they

found the useful germs which seemed to be fighting the poisonous

infection. They took some of these into the laboratory and from them

developed cultures; that is, larger masses of the germs with which to

experiment. At last, after long and painstaking work, they were able

to draw from these germs a substance which is a germ destroyer. Dr.

Meleney and Miss Johnson named it bacitracin-baci because the germ is,

in scientific language, a bacillus and tracin for Margaret Tracy,

whose broken leg supplied the germ.

Bacitracin at first was used only locally; later the drug was

developed into a solution that can be used to fight germ through the

blood stream.

16.Today, the discovery of a new drug occurs .

A)very seldom. B)once in a generation.

C)once every ten years. D)frequently.

17. The scientific term for the action with which the human body

fights infection .

A)drug. B)biotic.

C)not mentioned. D)both A and B.

18. Searching for the fighting chemical, the scientists examined .

A)fresh wounds. B)infected wounds.

C)only infected leg bones. D)only a few wounds.

19. Cultures, as used in this article, are .

A)masses of germs.

B)blood tests.

C)masses of infected tissue.

D)poisonous germs.

20. Bacitracin .

A)is poisonous. B)destroys germs.

C)restores broken bones. D)develops germs.

21. To say that a drug was used locally is to say that it was .

A)distributed through the whole system.

B)used only in the area of infection.

C)used only at Columbia

D)used only in hospitals.

22. From reading this selection you can infer that

A)many scientific discoveries are due to chance.

B)every year scientists discover new beneficent drugs.

C)behind medical discovery there may be a dramatic story.

D)culture are large masses of germs.

Passage 2

Our echo sounder located the wreck of a French submarine that had foundered during the war in seventy-five feet of water outside Dakar harbor. Dumas and I plunged down and found the vessel lying clean and upright, surrounded by such clouds of fish as we had rarely seen-small silver fingerlings and dark metals. As Dumas swam into the shadow of

the port propeller, he came face to face with a gigantic fish, grouper variety, cousin to our familiar Mediterranean meroblast-fish. This specimen was ten times the size of our old acquaintances: he weighed

at least four hundred pounds. The wide, flat head and tiny eyes advanced on Dumas; the ugly mouth yawned open, wide enough to admit him. Dumas knew that sedentary groupers have no teeth to speak of; it seemed, however, that this individual might wish to swallow him