篇章阅读理解 Reading in Depth
大学英语四级各部分题型简介
• 仔细阅读句子空格前后内容，判断句子空缺部分的语法属性和意 义范畴。 • Typical customers of a landfill are---------------• Customers are typically municipalities and construction companies, although residents may also use the landfill. • 缺表语，故填municipalities and construction companies • 根据题干的关键词寻读到原文中定位相关句。 • 确认答案是否满足题卷结构 Part Ⅰ Part Ⅱ 试题内容 writing Reading comprehension (skimming and scanning) listening comprehension Reading comprehension (reading in depth) close translation 答题时间 30minutes 15minutes 答题卡 Answer sheet 1 Answer sheet 1 (45分钟后收回 分钟后收回 Answer sheet 1)
Yes/no/not given 题的判断标准和原则
• • • • • • • • • Yes选择的判断标准和原则 判断1
＝判断2
1 .题干与原文保持一致 2 .题目命题是原文出处的同意改写 3 .对原文推敲后，发现能与题目命题一致，包括下面五种情况。 A .句型结构的推论 B . 原文的主语范围包括了题干的主语范围，即原文为题干的充分条件。 C. 简单的数字运算原则. D. 双重否定得正原则。 E. 概括总结。 题目对应的原文出处句子的主语或动作的发出者呈全省或不明状态。
readingindepth原题
readingindepth原题
摘要：
1.阅读深度的重要性
2.阅读深度的定义和理解
3.如何提高阅读深度
4.阅读深度的实际应用和好处
正文：
阅读深度的重要性
在信息爆炸的时代，我们每天都在接受大量的信息。
然而，真正能够为我们所用，能够提升我们的知识和能力的信息，往往需要我们深入阅读和理解。
这就是阅读深度的重要性。
阅读深度的定义和理解
阅读深度，简单来说，就是我们在阅读过程中，对文本内容的理解和掌握程度。
它不仅仅是阅读速度的快慢，更重要的是对文本内容的理解和深度思考。
阅读深度可以帮助我们更好地理解和掌握知识，提高我们的思维能力和判断能力。
如何提高阅读深度
提高阅读深度，首先需要我们有足够的阅读时间。
在阅读时，我们要尽量避免被打扰，保证有足够的时间来专注于阅读。
其次，我们需要有主动的阅读意识，即在阅读过程中，主动思考和提问，以提高对文本内容的理解。
最后，我们需要有反复阅读和总结的习惯，这样可以帮助我们更好地理解和掌握文本
内容。
阅读深度的实际应用和好处
阅读深度的实际应用主要体现在我们的学习和工作中。
通过深度阅读，我们可以更好地理解和掌握知识，提高我们的专业素养和技能。
在工作中，阅读深度可以帮助我们更好地理解和执行任务，提高我们的工作效率。
此外，阅读深度还可以帮助我们提高思维能力和判断能力，使我们在面对问题时，能够做出更为准确和明智的决策。
总的来说，阅读深度对于我们的学习和工作都有着重要的影响。
Reading in depth(阅读练习)(Unit1-2)
阅读练习（Unit1-2）专业___________ 分级班_______ 学号____ 姓名_________ Directions: In this section, there are two passages with ten blanks each. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank above each passage. Read the passages through carefully before making your choices.注意：请把答案写在后面的空格中Passage 1When Roberto Feliz came to the USA from the Dominican Republic, he knew only a few English words. Education soon became a [1] ___________. “I couldn’t understand anything,” he said. He [2] ________ from his teachers, came home in tears, and thought about dropping out. Then Mrs. Malave, a bilingual (双语的) educator, began to work with him while teaching him maths and science in his [3] _________ Spanish. “She helped me stay [4] _______ while teaching me English,” he said. [5] ________ the chance to demonstrate his ability, he regained confidence and began to succeed in school.Today, he is a prominent doctor, runs his own clinic, and works with several hospitals. Every day, he uses the language and academic skills he [6] _________ through bilingual education to treat his patients.Roberto’s story is just one of [7] _________ successful stories. Research has shown that bilingual education is the most [8] _________ way both to teach children English and [9] ________ that they succeed academically. In Arizona and Texas, bilingual students [10] ___________ outperform their peers inmonolingual programs.Passage 2:The biggest safety threat facing airlines today may not be a terrorist with a gun, but a man with a portable computer in business class. In the last 15 years, pilots have [1] ________ well over 100 incidents that could have been caused by electromagnetic interference. The [2] _______ of this interference remains unconfirmed, but [3] ___________, experts are pointing the blame at portable electronic devices such as portable computers, radio and cassette players and mobile telephones.RTCA, an organization which advises the aviation (航空) industry, has [4] _____________ that all airlines ban (禁止) such devices from being used during “critical” stages of flight, [5] ___________ takeoff and landing. Some experts have gone further, calling for a total ban during all flights. Currently, rules on using these devices are left up to individual airlines. And although some airlines [6] _______ passengers from using such equipment during takeoff and landing, most are [7] _________ to enforce a total ban, [8] _______ that many passengers want to work during flights.The difficulty is predicting how electromagnetic fields might affect an aircraft’s computers. Experts know that portable devices emit radiation which affects those wavelengths which aircraft use for navigation and [9]_______________. But, because they have not been able to reproduce these effects in a laboratory, they have no way of knowing whether the interference might be [10] _________ or not.Passage 1Passage 2。
大学英语四级考试解题攻略——阅读篇
大学英语四级考试解题攻略——阅读篇大学英语四级考试题中，阅读题（Reading Comprehension）分为：一，快速阅读（Skimming and Scanning），限时15分钟完成；二，仔细阅读（Reading in Depth），25分钟完成，该题又分为Section A：选词填空（十五选十），Section B常规阅读（两篇）。
此题最大的特点就是题量大、时间短，因此掌握阅读题的解题技巧就成了该题的解题关键所在。
一、快速阅读（Skimm ing and Scanning）快速阅读理解要求考生在15分钟的时间里，阅读一篇长1000字左右，多达十段的文章，然后回答十个问题。
前七个要求回答“（Y）对”、“（N）错”、“（NG）原文未提及”，后三个问题属于补全句子。
具体方法是：第一，采用略读法（Skimming）读文章。
所谓略读法，就是有意地忽略一些字词、句子或段落，略读不是略去某些词不读，而是指不可以逐字逐词地阅读。
要抓住关键词，阅读句群，把握整体意思。
在一个句子里，最关键的是主语、谓语、宾语，其他的成分都是用来补充主、谓、宾的附加成分。
在使用略读法时，要省去各种细节的知识，如数字、公式、时间、地点、人物年龄等；要注意故事的主要情节，抓住中心意思。
在方法上，阅读时可以跳跃某些句子，但要注意关键词、关键段落和问题。
第二，利用寻读法（Scanning）寻找答案，也就是先看选项后看文章，即带着问题回到文章中寻找答案，分析题干和选项，确定信息词，当找到了所需要的信息时，要立即停下来。
然后，再慢慢地细读包含所需信息的那一行或那一句，确定答案。
第三，按顺序做题，找文章信息词。
快速阅读由于篇幅较长，所以出题人一般不会打乱出题顺序。
因此，考生应该严格按照出题顺序来做题。
一般第一题到文章前面找答案，最后一题到文章后半部分找答案。
信号词常用来连接细节或是强调内容，并可完成段落的转换，暗示读者下文要讲的内容，标志出作者要提出一个新的思想或者观点，或者是作者要对所论述的观点举例说明，或者要详细论述同一观点。
CET 6 - reading
3. 细节题主要是考查考生围绕文章主旨掌握文 章细节和事实的能力，它包括用来支持主旨的 例子，数据和证据等。做这种题以查读为主， 细读为辅。它的出题没有固定形式，涉及哪个 细节，事实，题目就直接问那方面内容。 --主要通过题干关键词的定位寻找文章的对应 出题点，然后比较选项得出答案。 --注意句子的语言特征来，像因果关系，转折 关系，比较关系，引用，举例等等
高分技巧 （1）五大解题步骤 1）快速阅读各段落的主题句和结论句，把握文章的 整体脉络和篇章模式。 2）扫读5道测试题，判明题干和问题的关键词。 3）依据关键词对应各段落，确定测试题的大致位置。 4）以正常速度阅读相关信息，搜寻所需答案。 5） 灵活应用语法知识，回答问题或补齐句子缺失成 分。 注意：答案要与提问的方式保持一致；善于利用原文 的关键词句，但最好不要整句照搬；注意字数，最好 使用最短表达法。
注意事项
快速阅读主要考查skimming和scanning的能力，考查 考生快速和准确查找的能力。因此，运用关键词（数 字、专有名词、有特殊符号的词等）查找定位是非常 重要的一个技巧。新六级的快速阅读较为强调速度， 对理解的深度要求并不是很高，一般来说更注重字面 意思的理解。 找关键单词 先看问题，然后直接在原文上找问题中比较重要的单 词所在，这样基本上就可以知道答案，因为问题一般 都是从原文上直接摘下来的。
多项选择题
结合利用选项中的数字定位。 见到什么选什么。
句子填空题
完成句子必须做到以下两点: 1. 所填内容无误。 2. 语言形式无误。 评分标准: 1. 填写的内容正确得1分； 2. 语言错误扣0.5分,多余信息扣0.5分； 3. 明显属于笔误造成的不改变原意的拼写错误 不扣分。
cet-4 reading in depth 技巧
(2)主旨题
主旨题是对文章中心思想的提问，主要考查对文章进行概括或总结的能力，要求在阅读短文时，能够提炼文章的中心思想，体会作者的主要写作意图，充分运用逻辑概括能力，透过字里行间获取文章最具代表性的观点、论点及作者的情感倾向。主旨题的提问方式多种多样，例如：
What’s the main idea of…?
在略读中，首先阅读第一段，因为第一段通常会告诉我们作者将要讨论的话题。然后阅读下面各段的第一句话，以对每个段落的内容有大概的了解，然后再阅读最后一段，以帮助我们对文章内容进行概括，或了解作者的评价、态度等。
第三步，解答试题
根据试题中的标志词和关键词，找到试题在文章中对应的句子，并对其进行仔细阅读，然后对比四个选项，选出正确答案。
According to the passage, the best answer to…is…
The author says…because…
Which of the following may be the best reason for…
在做细节题时，首先应当仔细阅读题目，弄清题目的具体要求，以及所给4个选项，然后在题目或选项中确定关键词，再利用关键词回文章中定位，找出文章中相对应的细节性句子，与4个选项进行对照，以确定正确答案。通常细节题的答案在文章中都会找到，但是答案的表述和原文会有所差别，常常不是文章中的原话，而是词语或句子的同义表达。
解答态度题时，要注意以下两点：首先要注意文章中一些带有感情色彩的词，通过这些带有感情色彩的单词可以推测出作者对所论述问题的态度。其次，要注意作者对文章所论述问题的客观描述，通过这些描述推测出作者对其的看法和态度。
(4)语义题
所谓语义题就是从文章的某句话中选出一个单词、短语或词组进行提问，要求考生对其进行一定的分析，推测出其在文章中的特定含义。语义题是大学英语四级阅读理解测试中非常重要的一个题型。语义题考到的词汇通常有两种情况：一种是超过大纲的生词;一种是简单词汇，但意义不常见。
Reading in depth
Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth)Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.Everyone knows that taxation is necessary in a modern state. Without it, it would not be possible to pay the soldiers and policeman who 47 us; nor the workers in government offices who 48 after our health, our water, and all the other things that we can’t do for ourselves ; nor also the ministers and members of parliament who 49 the country for us. By means of taxation, we pay for things that we need just as we need somewhere to 50 and something to eat.But though everyone knows that taxation is necessary. Different people have 51 ideas about how taxation should be 52 . Should each person have to pay a certain amount of money to government each year or should there be a tax on things that people buy and sell? If the first kind of taxation is used, should everyone pay the same tax, whether he is rich or poor ? If the second kind of tax is 53 , should everything be taxed equally ?In most countries, a 54 tax on persons, which is called income tax, 55 .It is arranged in such a way that the poorest people pay nothing, and 56 of tax grows greater as the taxpayer’s in come grows. Take England for instance , the tax on the upper people goes up as high as ninety-five percent !A) different I) preferredB) direct J) existsC) govern K) likesD) protect L) arrangedE) earned M) organizedF) indifferent N) takeG) look O) percentageH) liveQuestions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.I don’t think there is anything wrong with your blood. The key to your problem is that long nap after dinner. If you didn’t sleep for hours during the 47 part of the evening, you would be more ready to sleep at bedtime. If you didn’t nap after dinner, you would not want to 48 up so late, and you would not feel the need to take a 49 pill. The pill is still working in your system when you get up in the morning. This helps 50 for the fact that you feel tired all day.You should get out of the 51 of sleeping during the evening. Right after your evening meal, engage in some sort of 52 activity --- a sport such as bowling, perhaps, or get together with friends for an evening of cards and 53 . Then go to bed at your usual time or a little earlier, and you should be able to get a good night's sleep without taking a pill.If you can get into the habit of spending your evenings this way, I am sure you will feel less 54 during the day. At first it may be hard for you to go to sleep without taking a pill. If so, get up and watch television or do some jobs around your house until you feel 55 . If you fall asleep and then wake up a few hours later, get up but do not take a sleeping pill. Read a while or listen to the radio, and make yourself a few hours’ sleep that night, you will feel better in the morning than you usually feel after taking a pill. The next night you will be 56 to sleep at an earlier hour. The most important thing is to avoid taking that nap right after dinner and avoid taking pills.A) ready I) stayB) discount J) tiredC) leave K) sleepingD) physical L) sleepyE) convention M) habitF) asleep N) conversationG) account O) earlyH) formPart IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth)Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.People say that “ Money is the root of all evil,” but most people in fact love money, and think that not having enough money is the real 47 . It is not easy to earn money; therefore, it should be 48 in a safe place.A bank 49 is one way of keeping your money safe. Many people 50 their money at home, but they run the risk of losing it in a fire. The safest place to keep money is in a bank, either in a checking account or in a 51 account. You can use the money in a checking account at any time, but there is often a service charge. There are often 52 on taking out money from saving accounts. However, you can 53 interest while you’re not using it.Opening a bank account is not difficult. It ’s easy to le arn how to make a deposit and balance your 54 bank statement. It’s embarrassing if a check is refused and it is against the law in some places. Be sure to choose a bank that has a low ser vice charge and a good interest rate.Another way to 55 your money is by buying traveler’s checks. You can buy them at most banks. You don’t even have to open an account at the bank where you buy them except for a small 56 . If these are lost, the traveler’s check company will pay back your money.A) tuition I) gatherB) prevent J) earnedC) fee K) keptD) restrictions L) hideE) evil M) protectF) account N) earlyG) collect O) savingH) monthly。
篇章阅读理解 Reading in Depth
篇章阅读理解Reading in Depth(Section B)I 阅读理解测试的能力要求阅读理解部分文章的题材、体裁、语言难度以及所测试的能力要求是：题材广泛，包括人物传记、社会、文化、日常知识和科普常识等；体裁多样，包括叙述文、说明文、议论文等；语言难度中等，要求掌握所读材料的主旨和大意；了解说明主旨和大意的事实及细节；既理解字面的意思，也能根据所读材料进行一定的判断和推论；既理解个别句子的意义，也能理解上下文的逻辑关系。
具体说来，阅读理解的能力包括三个方面，语言知识、背景知识以及阅读技能。
从某种意义上说，阅读理解是一种综合性考试：它既是对语言因素包括词汇、语法结构、篇章知识和体裁等方面的考试，也是对非语言因素如考生的知识面的考试，同时，也是对运用这些知识的熟练程度的考试。
1.语言知识方面的能力语言知识首先是指词法、句法和篇章结构这些方面的知识。
在阅读理解中，把握篇章的能力是至关重要的。
是否具有把握篇章的能力可以从几个方面来看：(1) 考生对不同文体的特点的了解；(2) 考生全面把握文章的能力（文章的观点、思路、结构、落脚点等）。
熟悉不同文章的结构特点，有利于把握文章的目的和内容的具体分布。
阅读理解的文章因体裁的不同，结构也有其各自的特点。
议论文是一种剖析事物、论述事理、发表意见、提出主张的文体。
议论文主要包括论点和论据两大要素。
论点是作者提出讨论的问题。
文章的论点往往以破题句(topic sentence) 的形式出现，这个句子表述了段落主旨大意，多位于段首或段尾，因此认真阅读文章中每段中的第一句和结尾句是十分必要的。
阅读理解中有关主题思想的问题在议论文中就是针对论点而设的题。
•主题段提出本文的主题（论点）•议论文论证段论证文章的主题•……•结论段得出结论或总结中心思想说明文(Eg.3)是用说明的表达方式来解释事物、阐述事理的文章。
其目标是通过介绍事物的形状、构造、用途或情况，来说明事物的性质、特征、成因、结构等，客观地向读者提供知识、传授技能。
大学英语四级考试阅读理解文章结构分析
大学英语四级考试阅读理解文章结构分析摘要：如何把握大学英语四级考试阅读理解文章结构辨别和理解文章的中心思想是大学英语四级考试阅读测试的重中之重， 2006年修订的新 四级考试大纲仍然将对此项能力的考查置于首位（见大纲第9页，上海外语教育出版社） 。
新 四级仔细阅读部分（Reading in Depth）选择题型的篇章阅读中，与此项能力直接相关的一 种题型称为主旨题。
如何快速把握文章结构， 确定中心思想对快速阅读文章有相当重要的意 义。
我们知道，新四级的仔细阅读部分，选择题型的篇章阅读共两篇文章，十道题目，要求 考生在15分钟之内完成， 平均每篇文章大约7－8分钟的时间， 其中文章的阅读大约3－4分钟 的时间。
在这么短的时间内读完一篇300－350字的文章， 逐字逐句通读全文寻找主旨的方法 就显得不切合实际了，这必然要求考生采用适当的阅读技巧。
为此，笔者建议考生采用略读 （skimming）和跳读（skip-reading）相结合的阅读方式。
略读是一种浏览式的阅读方法， 其主要目的是为了快速有效地把握文章的主旨大意， 是 平时为了大量获取信息和各种英语应试阅读中特别常用而且极为重要的一种阅读方法。
这种 方法主要是指在阅读过程中， 只关注与全文大意密切相关的主题信息， 而忽略其它支持性的 细节信息。
四级考试中，阅读文章主要以说明文和议论文为主，一篇文章的主题信息通常会 出现在以下几处：一、文章各段的首句和尾句。
这些处于较明显、较特殊位置的句子往往是 段落和文章的主题句，具有相当大的重要性；二、强转折处。
通常以 but, however, rathe r, yet, instead 等词为标志，这些词汇后面的句子是主题性信息；三、因果关系处。
通常 以 therefore, as a result, thus, so, That is why„等词语或句式为标志，这些词汇或 句式后面的句子是主题性信息；四、递进处。
英语四级阅读理解真题与答案详解
Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)Section AQuestions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.A bookless life is an incomplete life. Books influence the depth and breadth of life. They meet the natural 47______ for freedom, for expression, for creativity and beauty of life. Learners, therefore, must have books, and the right type of book, for the satisfaction of their need. Readers turn 48______ to books because their curiosity concerning all manners of things, their eagerness to share in the experiences of others and their need to 49______ from their own limited environment lead them to find in books food for the the mind and spirit. Through their reading they find a deeper significance to life as books acquaint them with life in the world as it was and it is now. They are presented with a 50______of human experiences and come to 51______ other ways of thought and living. And while 52______ their own relationships and responses to readers often find that the 53______ in their stories are going through similar adjustments, which help to clarify and give significance to their own.Books provide 54______ material for readers' imagination to grow. Imagination is a valuable quality and a motivating power, and stimulates achievement. While enriching their imagination, books 55______ their outlook, develop a fact-finding attitude and train them to use leisure 56______. The social and educational significance of the readers' books cannot be overestimated in an academic library.Section BPassage oneQuestion 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.If you’re a male and you’re reading this , congratulations : you’re a survivor. According to statistics, you’re more than twice as likely to die of skin cancer than a woman ,and nine times more likely to die of AIDS . Assuming you make it to the end of your natural term, about 78years for men in Australia , you’ll die on average five years before a woman.There’re many reasons for this ---typically , men take more risks than women and are more likely to drink and smoke—but perhaps more importantly , men don’t go to the doctor.“men aren’t seeing doctors as often as they should ,” says Dr.Gullotta . “this is particularly so for the over-40s, when diseases tend to strike .”Gullotta say a healthy man should visit the doctor every year or two . For those over 45,it should be at least once a year .Two months ago Gullotta saw a 50-year-old man who had delayed doing anything about his smo ker’s cough for a year .“when I finally saw him it had already spread and he has since died from lung cancer ,” he says. “Earlier detection and treatment may not have cured him but it would have prolonged his life .”According to a recent survey ,95% of women aged between 15 and early 40s see a doctor once a year , compared to 70% of men in the same age group.“A lot of men think they’re invincible(不可战胜的),” Gullatta says . “they only come in when a friend drops dead on the golf course and the y think ,’Geez,if it could happen to him ,……’ ”Then there’s the ostrich approach .”Some men are scared of what might be there and would rather not know ,” says Dr.Ross Cartmill.“most men get their cars serviced more regularly than they service th eir bodies ,” Garmill says .He believes most diseases that commonly affect men could be addressed by preventive check-ups.Regular check-us for men would inevitably lace strain on the public purse , Cartmill says . “but prevention is cheaper in the long ru n than having to treat the disease . Besides , the ultimate cost is far greater :it’s called premature death .”注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答57．Why does the author congratulate his male readers at the beginning of the passage ?A)They are more likely to survive serious diseases todayB）Their average life span has been considerably extendedC)They have lived long enough to read this articleD)They are sure to enjoy a longer and happier life58.What does the author state is the most important reason men die five years earlier on average than women ?A)men drink and smoke much more than womenB)men don’t seek medical care as often as womenC)men aren’t as cautious as women in face of dangerD)men are more likely to suffer from fatal disease59.Which of the following best completes the sentence “Geez ,if it could happen to him, ...”(line 2, para.8)A)it could happen to me ,tooB）I should avoid playing golfC)I should consider myself luckyD)it would be a big misfortune60. what does Dr.Ross Cartmill mean by “the ostrich approach “(Line 1 ,Para 9)A)A cause attitude towards one’s health conditionsB)A new therapy for certain psychological problemsC)Refusal to get medical treatment for fear of the pain involvedD)Unwillingness to find out about one’s disease because of fear61.What does Cartmill say about regular check-ups for men ?A)They may increase public expenseB)They will save money in the long runC)They may cause psychological strain s on menD)They will enable men to live as long as womenPassage twoQuestion 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.High-quality customer service is preached by many, but actually keeping customers happy is easier said than done.Shoppers seldom complain to the manager or owner of a retail store ,but instead will alert their friends, relatives, co-workers, strangers and anyone who will listen.Store managers are often the last to hear complaints,and often find out only when their regular customers decide to frequent their competitors, according to study jointly conducted by Verde Group and Wharton School.“storytelling hurts retailers and entertains consumers” said Paula Courtney, Preside nt of the Verde Group. “The store losers the customer, but the shopper must also find a replacement”On average, every unhappy customer will complain to at least four others, and will no longer visit the specific store. For every dissatisfied customer, a store will lose up to three more due to negative reviews. The resulting “snowball effect” can be disastrous to retailers.According to the research, shopper who purchased clothing encountered the most problem Ranked second and third were grocery and electronics customers.The most common complaints include filled parking lots, cluttered shelves over loaded racks, out-of-stock items, long check-out lines, and rude salespeople.During peak shopping hours, some retailers solved the parking problems by getting moonlighting (业余兼职的) local police to work as parking attendants. Some hired flag wavers to direct customers to empty parking spaces. This guidance eliminated the need for customers to circle the parking lot endlessly , and avoided confrontation between those eyeing the same parking space.Retailers can relieve the headaches by redesigning store layouts, pre-stocking sales items, hiring speedy and experienced cashiers , and having sales representatives on hand to answer question .Most importantly , salespeople should be diplomatic and polite with angry customers .“Retailers who’er responsive and friendly are more likely to smooth over issues than those who aren’t so friendly , “ said professor Stephen Hoch .” Maybe something as simple as a greeter at the store entrance would help .“Customers can also improve future shopping experiences by filing complaints to the retailer , instead of complaining to the rest of the world . Retailers are hard-pressed to improve when they hace no idea what is wrong.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
Reading in Depth
(Reading in Depth) Section AQuestions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.Wise buying is a positive way in which you can make your money go further. The way you go about purchasing an article or a service can actually ____47___ you money or can add to the cost. Take the ____48___ example of a hairdryer. If you are buying a hairdryer, you might think that you are making the ____49___ buy if you choose one whose look you like and which is also the cheapest ____50___ price. But when you get it home you may find that it takes twice as long as a more expensive ____51___ to dry your hair. The cost of the electricity plus the cost of your time could well make your hairdryer the most expensive one of all.So what principles should you ____52___ when you go out shopping? If you keep your home, your car or any valuable ____53___ in excellent condition, you’ll be saving money in the long run. Before you buy a new ____54___ , talk to someone who owns one. If you can, use it or borrow it to check it suits your particular purpose. Before you buy an expensive____55___, or a service, do check the price and what is on offer. If possible, choose____56___ three items or three estimates.[A]possession [B]save [C]best [D]appliance [E]material[F]from [G]simple[H]with [I]in [J]element[K]model [L]item [M]easy [N]adopt [O]reasonableSection B Passage One Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.Friendship is one of the basic bonds between human beings. While the characteristics of friendship might vary from one country to another, people from all cultures not only enjoy friends but need them.Many studies have shown that teenagers who have no friends often suffer from psychological disorders. It has been shown that teenagers, perhaps more than any other age group, need companionship and a sense of belonging. The negative consequences of loneliness have also been observed among the elderly. The death of a spouse often leaves a widow or a widower totally bereft. If, however, they are surrounded by friends and relatives and if they are able to articulate their feelings, they are more likely to recover from their grief.“No man is an island.” In other words, we are all parts of society. We all need the love, admiration, respect and moral support of other people. If we are fortunate, our friends will provide us with all of these necessary aspects of life.As most people observe, there are many levels of friendship. The degree of intimacy of friendship varies depending on the personality of the individuals involved and the context of the relationships. Extroverts enjoy being surrounded by many people whereas introverts are perhaps content with fewer but more intense friendships.Everyone is not equally open with all their friends. The degree of intimacy is determined by many factors. Close friends can be formed at any stage in one’s life but they are usually very rare. Not very many people have more than a few really close friends. Irrespective of the level of intimacy, all friendships are based on reciprocity, honesty and a certain amount of love and affection.57.The second paragraph implies that_____________ .[A]teenagers without friends will suffer from psychological problems[B]a widow or a widower will die very soon without companionship[C]human beings need companionship and a sense of belonging[D]both A and B58. “No man is an island”(Line 1, Para. 3) implies that ______________.[A]everyone is a part of an island[B]man cannot be an island[C]everyone is just a part of society[D]society is an island59. The degree of intimacy of friendship mainly depends on_____________.[A]age [B]belonging [C]personality [D]culture60. The author thinks that close friends_____________________.[A]can be easily formed when one is young[B]cannot be long-lasting[C]are not rare for everyone[D]are rare for most people61.The word “irrespective”(Last sentence, Para. 5) means______________________.[A]not respecting [B]dishonoring [C]regardless [D]consideringPassage TwoQuestions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.Sixteen years ago, Eileen Doyle’s husband, an engineer, took his four children up for an early morning cup of tea, packed a small case and was never seen or heard of again. Eileen was astonished and in a state of despair. They had been a happy family and, as far as she knew, there had been nothing wrong with their marriage.Every day of the year a small group of men and women quietly pack a few belongings and without so much as a note or a good-bye close the front door for the last time, leaving their debts, their worries and their confused families behind them.Last year, more than 1,200 men and nearly as many women were reported missing from home—the highest in 15 years. Many did return home within a year, but others rejected the past completely and are now living a new life somewhere under a different identity.To those left behind this form of desertion is a terrible blow to their pride andself-confidence. Even the finality of death might be preferable. At least it does not imply rejection or failure. Worse than that, people can be left with an unfinished marriage, not knowing whether they will have to wait seven years before they are free to start a fresh life.Clinical psychologist Paul Brown believes most departures of this kind to be well planned rather than impulsive. “It’s typical of the kind of personality which seems able to ignore other people’s pain and difficulties. Running away, like killing yourself, is a highly aggressive act. By creating an absence the people left behind feel guilty, upset and empty.”62.When her husband left home, Eileen Doyle_________.[A]could not forgive him for taking the children[B]had been expecting it to happen for some time[C]could not understand why[D]blamed herself for what had happened63. Most people who leave their families behind them___________.[A]do so without warning [B]do so because of their debts[C]come back immediately [D]change their names64. Some people would even prefer the death to the running away of their spouse because __.[A]their spouse would feel no pain during the death[B]their spouse’s death would not blow their pride and confidence[C]a desertion would not bring a feeling of rejection or failure[D]their spouse’s death would make them feel less painful65.The man or woman left behind with an unfinished marriage usually______________.[A]admits responsibility for the situation[B]wishes the person who has left were dead[C]comes back within a year[D]will have no legal marriage life for seven years66. Paul Brown regards leaving home in such circumstances as___________________.[A]an act of despair [B]an act of selfishness[C]the result of a sudden decision [D]the result of the enormous sense of guiltSection A47.【解析】[B]save 本文主要讲理智的购物可以省很多钱的问题。
06年12月新六级英语真题阅读理解
06年12月新六级英语真题阅读理解06年12月新六级英语真题阅读理解Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a short passage with 5 questions or incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words. Please write your answers on Answer Sheet 2.Questions 47 to 51 are based on the following passage.I’ve heard from and ta lked to many people who described how Mother Nature simplified their lives for them. They’d lost their home and many or all of their possessions through fires, floods, earthquakes, or some other disaster. Losing everything you own under such circumstances can be distressing, but the people I’ve heard from all saw their loss, ultimately, as a blessing."The fire saved us the agony of deciding what to keep and what to get rid of," one woman wrote. And once all those things were no longer there, she and her husband saw how they had weighed them down and complicated their lives."There was so much stuff we never used and that was just taking up space. We vowed when we started over, we’d replace only what we needed, and this time we’d do it right. We’ve kept our promise: we don’t have much now, but what we have is exactly what we want."Though we’ve never had a catastrophic loss such as that, Gibbs and I did have a close call shortly before we decided to simplify. At that time we lived in a fire zone. One night a firestormraged through and destroyed over six hundred homes in our community. That tragedy gave us the opportunity to look objectively at the goods we’d accumulated.We saw that there was so much we could get rid of and not only never miss, but be better off without. Having almost lost it all, we found it much easier to let go of the things we knew we’d never use again.Obviously, ther>>。
B4U2阅读题跨文化交际拓展教程 石油大学
Ex.4 Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth)Directions: Read the passages and decide on the best choice for the questions or the uncompleted statements.Passage 1There was a time not long ago when new science Ph.D.s in the United States were expected to pursue a career path in academia（学术界）. But today, most graduates end up working outside academia, not only in industry but also in careers such as science policy, communications, and patent law. Partly this is a result of how bleak the academic job market is, but there’s also a rising awareness of career options that Ph.D. scientists haven’t trained for directly— but for which they have useful knowledge, skills, and experience. Still, there’s a huge disconnect between the way we currently train scientists and the actual employment opportunities available for them, and an urgent need for dramatic improvements in training programs to help close the gap. One critical step that could help to drive change would be to require Ph.D. students and postdoctoral scientists to follow an individual development plan (IDP).In 2002 the U.S. Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology recommended that every postdoctoral researcher put together an IDP m consultation with an adviser. Since then, several academic institutions have begun to require IDPs for postdocs And in June, the U.S. National Institutes of Health (NIH) Biomedical Research Workforce Working Group recommended that the NIH require IDPs for the approximately 32,000 postdoctoral researchers they support. Other funding agencies, public and private, are moving in a similar direction.IDPs have long been used by government agencies and the private sector to achieve specific goals for the employee and the organization. The aim is to ensure that employees have an explicit tool to help them understand their own abilities and aspirations, determine career possibilities, and set (usually short-term) goals. In science, graduate students and new Ph.D. scientists can use an IDP to identify and navigate an effective career path.A free Web application for this purpose, called my IDF, has become available this week. It’s designed to guide early-career scientists through a confidential, rigorous process of introspection （内省）to create a customized career plan. Guided by expert knowledge from a panel of science-focused career advisers, each trainee’s self-assessment is used to rank a set of career trajectories（轨迹）. After the user has identified a long-term career goal, my IDP walks her or him through the process of setting short-term goals directed toward accumulating new skills and experiences important for that career choice.Although surveys reveal the IDP process to be useful, trainees report a need for additional resources to help them identify a long-term career path and complete an IDP. Thus, my IDP will be most effective when it’s embedded in larger career-development efforts. For example, universities could incorporate IDPs into their graduate curricula to help students discuss, plan, prepare for, and achieve their long-term career goals.例4阅读理解（深度阅读）说明：阅读短文，决定问题或未完成陈述的最佳选择。
大学英语四级做题技巧CET4—Reading In Depth
英语四级最全复习笔记及技巧
---------------------------------------------------------------最新资料推荐------------------------------------------------------英语四级最全复习笔记及技巧大学英语四级阅读理解快速阅读Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning )仔细阅读Reading Comprehension (Reading in-depth)1/ 482007年1月，大学英语四级考试全面实施新题型。
在新题型中，阅读理解部分的比例调整为35%，时间40分钟。
其中，快速阅读理解占10%，要求考生在15 分钟内完成一篇1200字左右的文章，题目较灵活，包括是非判断、句子填空或多项选择；仔细阅读理解时间25分钟，占25%，含篇章阅读理解（包括2篇文章10道多项选择题）和篇章词汇理解或短句问答（一篇文章，考法是15选10的选词填空或简答)。
---------------------------------------------------------------最新资料推荐------------------------------------------------------ Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning )一、题型揭秘二、解题步骤三、题型分类及解题技巧四﹑真题演练3/ 48一、题型揭秘大纲规定本部分有两种考查题型，即判断正误题和单项选择题，每年从中选择一种题型进行考查。
但需要我们注意的是2007年12 月以来的真题中前7道均为单项选择题，后3 道为补全句子题。
从近几年的出题倾向来看，单项选择题更能够考查出学生快速阅读的能力和水平，因此单项选择题成为近几年快速阅读考查的主要形式。
考生在复习时要对这两种题型都有所了解，在平时的训练中把重点放在单项选择题上。
大学英语四级In-depthReadingComprehension
解题基本步骤 三步
1）通读全文，抓住中心：首段原则（第一段非 常重要）首末句原则
a. 文章论述的主要内容是什么？ b.作者的态度有没有？ c.有没有一些核心的概念？ 2）仔细审题，返回原文（如搜索题干中的时间
地点人物概念，然后去原文中对照找出相应的 地方）
3）重复选项，得出答案
解题时应注意的问题
Prepare Band 4
At the last moment
英语四级阅读 之三
篇章层次的阅读理解
In-depth Reading Comprehension
测试式和目的
测试形式:
四级题型中仔细阅读理解篇章阅读理解包括2篇文章10道多项选择题。
测试目的或基本要求：
1）speed:60/min 2）了解作者要表达的主要思想（main idea, best title）和文章的基调 3）理解文中概念性涵义（concept） 4）相关推理判断（infer） 5）根据上下文推测生词的涵义 6）理解文章总体结构以及事件发生的时间、空间顺序 7）了解作者的写作风格及其偏见，文章题材等，根据不同情况调整阅读方法 8）区分论点和论据（例证题） 9）了解文章的主次内容，阅读时区别对待，根据不同情况调整阅读速度
Reading in Depth之阅读技巧
★ 运用专门的阅读技能
• (8) 略读文章，获取文章大意 • (9) 查读文章，获取特定信息
二 养成良好的阅读习惯
• 例2：Mark got on the motorbike, I sat behind on the pillion, and we roared off into the night.
四 根据构词法猜测词义
• 了解英语构词法，可以帮助我们了解词性 及其构成部分之间的关系，进而猜出该词 的基本含义。词的构成一般有派生、合成、 转化、截短、混合及缩略等。英语中大部 分词汇是由具有特定含义的词根和词缀构 成的，词缀分为前缀和后缀，所以，了解 掌握一些基本的词根、前缀和后缀对扩大 词汇量以及猜测词义是极其重要的。
6. 比较 （Comparison）
• 与对比关系不同，作者通过比较来 表示事物之间的相似之处。比较时 经常会用到以下这些词：like，as， as … as，the same as。
例1：Mother was tall, fat and middle aged. The principal of the school was an older woman, almost as plump as mother, and much shorter.
例1：Mr. Johnson’s paintings show his attention to geometric shapes of all kinds. The paintings contain circles, squares, triangles, pirrles, etc.
大学英语四级讲义readingindepth
细节事实题 命题规律
（3）（指示）代词出ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ处常考 这类考题，常用来考查考生是否真正理解 上下文之间的句际关系和意义。 （4）引用人物论断处常考 作者为正确表达自己观点或使论点更有依 据,常会引用某些权威人士的论断或采纳其重 要发现等。命题者常在此处做文章。
细节事实题 命题规律
（5）特殊标点符号后的内容常考 由于特殊标点符号后的内容常是对前面内 容的进一步解释和说明， 因此命题者常对标 点符号后的内容进行提问。具体说，特殊标 点符号包括：破折号（表解释），括号（表 解释），冒号（表解释），引号（表引用）。
There is a simple economic principle used to determine prices. It is called the law of supply and demand. Supply means the amount of, or access to, certain goods. Demand represents the number of people who want those goods. If there are more goods than wanted, the price of them falls. On the other hand, if the demand for those goods is much greater than the supply, then the price rises. Of course, manufacturers prefer to sell more goods at increased prices. A. Economic Principles B. Law of Supply and Demand C. More Goods, Lower Prices D. Fewer Goods, Higher Prices
6月英语四级第二套深度阅读答案(卷二)
XX年6月英语四级第二套深度阅读答案(卷二)xx年6月英语四级第二套深度阅读答案(卷二)xx年6月英语四级第二套深度阅读答案(卷二) Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth)Section A47. [N] regardless48. [F] if49. [L] with50. [I] rather51. [D] sound52. [A] convinced53. [J] that54. [E] work55. [B] necessarily56. [H] onSection BPassage One57. What would Brownie do when someone was ill in the family?[C] Keep them pany.58. What do we learn about Brownie from the passage?[B] She felt scary for her mistake.59. Why does the speaker say that Brownie was more than just a family pet?[A] She was loved by everybody she met.60. What is most difficult for Jarolim?[C] Checking all the facts to be written in the guides.61. What do we know about Jarolim from the passage?[A] She is especially interested in museums.Passage Two62. Why was Brian wearing so many clothes for his travel?[D] His backpack had no room for his clothes.63. What do we learn about an air courier’s job from the passage?[C] He delivers papers and packages to foreign countries.64. Why do businesses choose the air-courier service aording to the passage?[C] It saves time.65. What is one of the disadvantages of traveling as an air courier?[D] He saves little money from the travel.66. When will the new product be available?[C] Two or three months.。
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篇章阅读理解Reading in Depth(Section B)I 阅读理解测试的能力要求阅读理解部分文章的题材、体裁、语言难度以及所测试的能力要求是：题材广泛，包括人物传记、社会、文化、日常知识和科普常识等；体裁多样，包括叙述文、说明文、议论文等；语言难度中等，要求掌握所读材料的主旨和大意；了解说明主旨和大意的事实及细节；既理解字面的意思，也能根据所读材料进行一定的判断和推论；既理解个别句子的意义，也能理解上下文的逻辑关系。
具体说来，阅读理解的能力包括三个方面，语言知识、背景知识以及阅读技能。
从某种意义上说，阅读理解是一种综合性考试：它既是对语言因素包括词汇、语法结构、篇章知识和体裁等方面的考试，也是对非语言因素如考生的知识面的考试，同时，也是对运用这些知识的熟练程度的考试。
1.语言知识方面的能力语言知识首先是指词法、句法和篇章结构这些方面的知识。
在阅读理解中，把握篇章的能力是至关重要的。
是否具有把握篇章的能力可以从几个方面来看：(1) 考生对不同文体的特点的了解；(2) 考生全面把握文章的能力（文章的观点、思路、结构、落脚点等）。
熟悉不同文章的结构特点，有利于把握文章的目的和内容的具体分布。
阅读理解的文章因体裁的不同，结构也有其各自的特点。
议论文是一种剖析事物、论述事理、发表意见、提出主张的文体。
议论文主要包括论点和论据两大要素。
论点是作者提出讨论的问题。
文章的论点往往以破题句(topic sentence) 的形式出现，这个句子表述了段落主旨大意，多位于段首或段尾，因此认真阅读文章中每段中的第一句和结尾句是十分必要的。
阅读理解中有关主题思想的问题在议论文中就是针对论点而设的题。
•主题段提出本文的主题（论点）•议论文论证段论证文章的主题•……•结论段得出结论或总结中心思想说明文(Eg.3)是用说明的表达方式来解释事物、阐述事理的文章。
其目标是通过介绍事物的形状、构造、用途或情况，来说明事物的性质、特征、成因、结构等，客观地向读者提供知识、传授技能。
•开篇段提出本文将要说明的事物•说明文展开段就事物某一方面进行阐述（说明）•展开段就事物另一方面进行阐述（说明）•……文体的不同还体现在谴词造句上。
叙述文在用词上含蓄，寓意深刻，词语感情色彩浓.而在说明文与议论文中，因文章的目的关系，往往会使用不同的信号词，如：for example / because / however / but / consequently / therefore / so / in contrast / on the contrary / compared with / more…than / as…as等等。
这些信号词对理解文章信息的布局，思维的发展和变化有很大的帮助。
三种文体在四级考试中出现的频率从高到低依次为议论文、说明文和叙述文。
2.非语言因素的能力影响阅读理解效果除了词法、句法和章法这些语言因素以外还有一些非语言因素，如知识面和智力情况；此外，学生的阅读习惯和心理素质也影响着阅读的质量。
知识面反映在阅读理解上也就是题材问题。
考生在平时要注意阅读各种题材的文章，努力拓宽自己的知识面，消除不熟悉的题材所带来的陌生感。
(Eg.5）本例并非来自于CET4考试原题，只作为一例来证实背景知识的重要性。
对文中Rudolf, Santa Claus, Lapland 和foot-and-mouth 的认识程度可能会直接影响到读者对文章内容的理解深度。
如果事先就知道Rudolf是传说中圣诞老人的一头名叫的红鼻子驯鹿，Santa Claus指的是圣诞老人，Lapland是传说中圣诞老人的家乡，而foot-and-mouth指的是口蹄疫，那么在阅读中就不会有障碍了。
II阅读理解的题型与解题技巧阅读理解测试的范围主要包括以下几个方面：1.主旨和大意，在试卷上出现的形式便是主旨题；2.说明主旨和大意的事实和细节，即细节题；3.对关键词语或单句语义的把握，及其在上下文中的特别含义即词汇与语意题；4.根据所读材料进行一定的判断和推论，即推断题；各类型题目在历年真题中出现的频率的从高到低依次为细节题、推理判断题、主旨题、词汇与语意题。
PART ONEHOW TO GRASP THE MAIN IDEAI目的：检验学生是否抓住了篇章所表达的中心思想，考察学生的归纳能力，从整体上理解文章的能力，或把握某个段落的主旨的能力。
总体型问题的答案往往隐藏于文章的主体构架里。
在针对主旨大意的阅读理解题中，大多数针对段落（或短文）的主题（subject），主题思想（main idea），题目（title）或目的（purpose）拟题。
题型颇多，用词不尽相同，但所针对的都是段落（或短文）的主旨大意。
II．解题技巧：1 辨认主题句（To grasp the main idea by identifying the topic sentence）辨认主题句是获取段落主旨大意的一个有效的方法。
凡表述段落主旨大意的句子叫主题句。
这种句子一般具有三个特点：1）表述的意思比较概括，相对其他句子来看，这种概括性更为明显；2）句子结构较简单，多数都不采用长难句的形式；3）段落中其它的句子必定是用来解释、支撑或扩展主题句所表述的主题思想（main idea）。
主题句多出现在首尾，有时出现在中间，此时文章开首部分是topicintroducer,这时特别需要注意but, however之类的关联词，因为他们后面一般就是作者真正想要表达的观点，即主题句。
2 给无主题句的段落构思一个标题（To grasp the main idea by writing a mental headline or title）.做这类选择标题的题目时，一个最简单的办法就是考生自己把所给的四个题目分别当成作文题目，想像一下你会写到些什么内容。
必定有一个标题能让你写出与文中内容大致重合的内容，那么它就是能统领文章的标题。
PART TWOHOW TO FIND SPECIFIC DETAILSI 细节题的目的一篇文章除了有主题思想以外，还必须有一些具体的内容用来说明、理解、证明或分析文章的主题，这些具体的内容就是文章的细节。
在阅读理解测试中，大多数考题是针对这些细节而设计的，目的在于考查考生对组成文章的主体部分的理解程度。
因此，在掌握文章主旨大意的基础上，还要抓住阐述和发展主题思想的主要事实或有关细节，领会文章的内在联系。
文章主旨的事实或细节是主题的补充说明，也是加强主题的要素。
一般情况下，说明主题的排列方式采用：因果关系、对比关系、简单列举、时间顺序或依据事件之重要性等。
II 技巧为了准确地捕捉到辅助、支撑主题思想所需要的信息，在阅读中应注意：1. 中心内容和具体内容的关系是辩证的，只有抓住文章的主要内容才能确定有关具体内容的准确位置。
同样，如果对文章具体内容有较为全面的理解，就能更好地判明文章的主题。
2. 文章的细节，即某个具体事实并不是孤立的，它总要与其他事实前后呼应，相同性质的事实总会在一起出现。
3.看懂文章的组织结构对迅速捕捉到所需要的信息也同样起着重要的作用。
针对阐述主旨的事实和有关细节提问的题型有一个特点，即：所提问题一般可以在文章中直接或间接找到答案。
故解题原则是：提倡“本本主义”，以短文为唯一的解题依据，决不可想当然地跟着感觉走。
细节题干扰项特点（1）与原句内容相反；（2）与原文内容一半相同一半不同；（3）与原句内容相似但过于绝对化；（4）原文中根本没提到虽然细节题在文章中能够找到答案，但正确选项不可能与阅读材料的原句一模一样，而是用不同的词语或句型表达相同的思想，比如同是表示否定，可以用not clever, 也可以用fool，或是averagely intelligent。
命题人命题时就是利用这种手法造成与原作者在选词和句型结构上不同，但意义与原文相同。
也就是说原文中作者表达具体事实和细节的信息值与问题的信息值虽然在选词和句法上不同，但表达相同意义。
PART THREEHOW TO ANSWER THE WORD-INTERPRTIONN QUESTIONS四级考试阅读理解中对词汇或单名语义的测试，主要是考查学生利用上下文判断单词或词组甚至是句子在特定语言环境中确切含义的能力。
大体上，这类题目可以分为两小类：词语释义类和确定指代关系类。
I词语释义类这类题目中所测的词语一类是纯粹的生词，要求考生利用上下文判断该词的意思；另一类词语对学生来说并不陌生，但在文章中该词的意思或者有所引申，或者此处用的是平时学生很少用到的义项。
其提问方式主要有：·The word (term) “…” in Line… most probably means…·Th e word “…” stands for (is closest in meaning to)…·The expression “…” can be interpreted as…·The word “…” can be replaced by…·According to the passage, what is “…”?The word/ expression “…”in paragraph x can be interpreted as _______.做这类题目主要是要利用好上下文的暗示或推理上下文的逻辑关系来确定词语或短句的意思。
II确定指代关系类这类题主要考查学生对英语中用得较多的指示代词的理解与辨别能力，其中较多的是代词it, they, them等，有时也有名词或指示副词。
做这类题目，主要是要具备这样的能力：能搞清楚句子的主干结构以及句与句之间的逻辑关系，弄清每一句话的主谓宾定状补等句子成分。
只要平时锻炼出这种能力，再怎么考你都会得心应手地把题目答好。
常见提问方式有：1.According to the passage, the term/the word “…” ref ers to ______.2. By “…”, the author indicates that ______总之，词汇和语义题形式多种多样，应根据上下文的同义、对照、比喻、定义、重述、举例、词缀等关系来判断词句的意义，并根据逻辑推理来确定某词语和句子的意义。
PART FOURHOW TO DRAW AN INFERENCE THROUGH THE CONTEXT与细节类题目不同，此类题目比较难，需要根据文章中提供的信息进行综合的分析推理，在完全理解文章内容的基础上做出合理的逻辑推断。
测试点可以涉及整篇文章，如问作者的立场观点、态度、目的以及文章的语言风格等；也可能是只涉及到某个段落、句子或词组的细节问题；有时甚至可以是问没有出现过的前面或后续的内容会是什么。