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初中英语语法精讲动词不定式用法(教案)

初中英语语法精讲动词不定式用法(教案)

初中英语语法精讲动词不定式用法(教案)一、教学目标1. 让学生掌握动词不定式的概念及其基本用法。

2. 培养学生正确运用动词不定式表达目的、结果、原因等语法功能。

3. 提高学生英语听说读写能力,增强语法运用自信心。

二、教学内容1. 动词不定式的定义及构成2. 动词不定式的基本用法a. 表示目的b. 表示结果c. 表示原因d. 表示时间、条件、方式等3. 动词不定式的特殊用法a. 动词不定式作主语、宾语、定语、状语b. 动词不定式省略to的用法三、教学重点与难点1. 教学重点:动词不定式的基本用法及特殊用法。

2. 教学难点:动词不定式作主语、宾语、定语、状语的用法。

四、教学方法1. 任务型教学法:通过完成各种任务,让学生在实践中掌握动词不定式的用法。

2. 交际式教学法:引导学生进行小组讨论,提高学生的口语表达能力和合作能力。

3. 直观教学法:利用图片、例句等直观手段,帮助学生理解和记忆动词不定式的用法。

五、教学步骤1. 引入:通过一个谜语引导学生猜测动词不定式的概念。

2. 讲解:讲解动词不定式的定义、构成及基本用法。

3. 练习:让学生进行动词不定式填空练习,巩固所学知识。

4. 拓展:介绍动词不定式的特殊用法,如省略to的用法。

6. 作业布置:布置相关练习题,让学生课后巩固所学知识。

7. 课后反思:对本节课的教学效果进行反思,为下一步教学做好准备。

六、教学评估1. 课堂参与度:观察学生在课堂活动中的积极参与程度,以及他们的兴趣和动机。

2. 口语表达:评估学生在小组讨论和角色扮演中使用动词不定式的能力。

3. 练习完成情况:检查学生完成练习的情况,包括正确性和准确性。

4. 作业提交:评估学生作业的完成质量,包括对动词不定式的理解和应用。

七、教学拓展1. 动词不定式与现在分词的比较:讲解两者在表示动作进行时的区别。

2. 动词不定式与过去分词的比较:讲解两者在表示被动语态时的区别。

3. 动词不定式与形容词的比较:讲解两者在修饰名词时的用法差异。

动词不定式详解课件

动词不定式详解课件

功能
典句例示
要点点击 常用it作形式主语, 常用 作形式主语,谓语动 作形式主语 词用单数。 词用单数。 表示主语的“职业, 表示主语的“职业,职责和 性质” 性质”等。 不定式作宾语时, 不定式作宾语时,常跟在下
主语 It's very hard to learn an art.
表语 My goal is to be a scientist.
2.不定式所修饰的名词或代词和不定式逻辑上构成主谓关 . 系时,不定式往往用主动形式。 系时,不定式往往用主动形式。 Do you have a knife to cut the birthday cake? (A knife cuts the birthday cake.) ) 3.不定式作表语形容词的状语,和句子主语构成逻辑上的 .不定式作表语形容词的状语, 动宾关系时不定式多用主动形式。 动宾关系时不定式多用主动形式。 This book is difficult to understand.
【解析】 分析句子结构空格后是目的状语,所以用动词不定 解析】 分析句子结构空格后是目的状语, 句意:父亲节即将来临, 式。句意:父亲节即将来临,我已经从银行取了些钱要给父亲买礼 物。 【答案】 B 答案】
2.(2010·江西高考)There were many talented actors out .(2010·江西高考) 江西高考 there just waiting ________. A.to discover . C.discovered . B.to be discovered . D.being discovered .
不定式的否定形式的构成: 【温馨提示】 1.不定式的否定形式的构成: 温馨提示】 不定式的否定形式的构成 动词不定式的否定形式是在不定式的符号“ 前直接加上 动词不定式的否定形式是在不定式的符号“to”前直接加上 not,有时为了强调也可以用否定词 ,有时为了强调也可以用否定词never来否定。 来否定。 来否定 It's wrong of you not to go to school on time. 2.在“be+性质形容词十不定式”结构中,不定式用主动 . +性质形容词十不定式”结构中, 形式表示被动含义。常见的形容词有: 形式表示被动含义。常见的形容词有:easy,hard,difficult, , , , interesting,heavy,pleasant,good,fit,comfortable,safe, , , , , , , , dangerous,impossible等。 , 等

高三英语 不定式的用法 知识精讲

高三英语 不定式的用法 知识精讲

高三英语不定式的用法知识精讲动词在句子中除充当谓语外,还可以起名词,形容词和副词的作用,在句中充当主语,宾语,表语,定语和状语的作用,这就是动词的非谓语形式。

当句中需要某种动作做主语或宾语,或某种修饰,说明的成分时,就要使用这种形式。

动词的非谓语有三种形式:〔1〕不定式to +动词原形,〔2〕分词现在分词和过去分词〔3〕动名词〔形式与现在分词一样〕动词的非谓语形式不随主语的人称和数的变化而变化。

动词的非谓语形式仍具有动词的一般特性,可以带有宾语,状语的等构成短语。

不定式在句中可作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、宾语补足语。

1. 作主语不定式作主语多用来表示较具体的或一次性的,或带将来意味的动作。

用不定式作主语时,如果其后的表语为动词,通常也用不定式作表语。

不定式短语作主语时,常用it作形式主语来代替它的位置,而将真正的主语(不定式短语)移到谓语之后。

在不定式之前有时可带一个逻辑主语,此逻辑主语是由for引导还是由of引导,取决于of或for前的形容词,如果形容词可修饰人或物的品质或特性,用of。

〔1〕To go to the palace without jewelry is to say:“I’m poor.〞不戴珠宝去宫庭就是说:“我很穷.〞〔2〕To learn a foreign language is not easy.学习外语不是一件容易的事.〔3〕It is difficult for the students to read the book.学生们读这本书有点难。

difficult不能修饰人。

常见的此类的形容词还有:important,necessary,natural,impossible等。

〔4〕Itis careless of him to break the cup.他太粗心,把杯子打破了。

It is very kind of you to help the lost child to find his mother.常见的能修饰人的形容词还有:careful,kind,stupid,clever,wise,foolish等。

初三英语动词不定式知识精讲

初三英语动词不定式知识精讲

初三英语动词不定式知识精讲动词不定式一. 构成:to + 动词原形二. 特征: 1. 不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征,同时也保留动词的特征,它有自己的宾语和状语,来构成不定式短语。

eg .I want to go there by bike .2. 动词不定式没有人称和数的变化,但有时态的变化。

(1)动词不定式的一般式:“to + 动词原形”eg .I am glad to meet you again . I want to go to the concert .(2)动词不定式的完成式:“to have + 动词的过去分词”。

eg .I am sorry to have kept you waiting for a long time .三. 用法:1. 作主语(如果不定式短语过长,可以把此短语放在句尾,主语的位置可以用it 来替换,叫做形式主语)eg .⎩⎨⎧.surfing go to exciting is It .exciting is surfing go To ⎩⎨⎧.building new the up set to half a and year a them take will It .half a and year a them take will building new the up set To ⎩⎨⎧.well subjects the all learn to important is It .important is well subjects the all learn To ▲在it 作形式主语的句子中,某些形容词之后,不定式之前常带有for sb ,这类形容词有:easy ,difficult ,hard ,interesting ,necessary 等。

而在某些形容词之后,不定式之前常带有of sb ,这类形容词有:nice ,good ,kind ,clever ,foolish ,careful ,polite 等。

不定式可作主语、宾语、状语、表语和定语用法精讲

不定式可作主语、宾语、状语、表语和定语用法精讲

不定式可作主语、宾语、状语、表语和定语用法精讲一、动词不定式不定式可作主语、宾语、状语、表语和定语。

1.不定式的时态及语态to do;to be done;to be doing ;to have done; to have been doing1).He pretended ____ ______ ___________ a book when I came in.(read)2).We seem______ ______ ___________ each other before.(meet)3).He is said______________________ abroad,but I don’t know which country he is studying in.(study)4).This book is said ______________________ into many languages.(translate)5).He asked _______________ to work in Tibet.(send)2.不定式的句法功能1)作主语:To finish the work in ten minutes is very hard.动词不定式短语作主语时,常用it作形式主语,例如:It is very hard to finish the work in ten minutes.2)作表语:Her job is to clean the hall.她的工作就是打扫大厅。

3)作宾语:常与不定式作宾语连用的动词有:want, hope, wish, offer, fail, plan, learn, pretend, refuse, manage, help, agree, promise, prefer,afford,ask,decide,expect,intend,等。

(经典)动词不定式的精讲与专项练习

(经典)动词不定式的精讲与专项练习

动词不定式(The Infinitive)二、不定式的主要用法动词不等式具有名词、形容词及副词的特征,因此在句中可作主语、宾语、宾语(或主语)补足语、表语、定语、及状语等。

1、不定式作主语①不等式作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。

To conquer English is not easy. 征服英语不容易。

To make plan firs t is a good idea. 先制定计划是个好主意。

To know everything is to know nothing. 事事皆通,无一精通。

②不等式作主语时,常常用形式主语it替代,而将真正的主语不等式放在句子的后面。

It is necessary to master a foreign language.掌握一门外语很有必要。

It’s a great pleasure to see you again.再次见到你真高兴。

It is a bad manner to stare at a foreign guest.盯着外宾看是一种不良的举动。

③如果说明不等式表示的动作是谁做的,可以在不等式的前面加一个for引起的短语,这就是常见的“It is adj./n. for sb. to do sth.”句式。

如:It is good manners for an Arab to stand close to his friends when they are talking.对阿拉伯人来说,交谈时站得离朋友近些是好的礼貌。

It is a great honor for us to be presented at the party.我们能来参加晚会,深感荣幸。

It will be a regret for us not to help him. 我们没有帮助他是个遗憾。

④在某些形容词(如kind, good, nice, wise, unwise, clever, silly, wrong, right, foolish, stupid, careless, considerate, rude, naughty, impolite等)作表语时,不等式前常加一个以of引起的短语,来说明不等式指的是谁的情况。

非谓语动词用法精讲动词不定式与被动语态的用法

非谓语动词用法精讲动词不定式与被动语态的用法

非谓语动词用法精讲动词不定式与被动语态的用法动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种形式,可以用来表示动作、状态、目的、结果等,并且在句子中可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语等成分。

本文将对动词不定式的用法进行精讲,并探讨与被动语态的关系。

一、动词不定式的基本形式动词不定式的基本形式是由“to + 动词原形”构成,如:to eat,to play,to sleep等。

根据句子的需要,动词不定式可以进行时态的变化、情态动词的变化和宾语的变化。

1. 动词不定式的时态变化动词不定式能够表达的时态有现在时、过去时和将来时。

以动词“to study”为例,其时态变化如下:现在时:to study(一般现在时);to be studying(进行时);to have studied(完成时);过去时:to have studied(一般过去时);to have been studying(过去进行时);将来时:to be going to study(将来时);to be about to study(即将发生)。

2. 动词不定式与情态动词的变化情态动词与动词不定式联用时,情态动词的形式保持不变,而动词不定式则仍保持原来的基本形式。

如:I can swim.(我会游泳。

)She must be careful.(她必须小心。

)He should apologize.(他应该道歉。

)3. 动词不定式作宾语动词不定式常常作为动词的宾语,说明动作或状态的对象。

常见的动词有want, hope, decide, plan, try, like等。

如:She wants to learn Chinese.(她想学中文。

)I hope to visit Beijing next year.(我希望明年去北京。

)4. 动词不定式作表语动词不定式还可以作表语,说明主语的身份、职业、爱好等。

如:Her dream is to be a teacher.(她的梦想是成为一名教师。

高考英语非谓语动词不定式语法知识点

高考英语非谓语动词不定式语法知识点

高考英语语法非谓语动词不定式用法精讲不定式1.作主语不定式作主语常见的是it 作形式主语,放在句首,将真正的主语动词不定式(短语)放在句子后面。

It’s easy to be wise afterthe event.Itis right to give up smoking.2.作宾语I find it interesting to study history.1.直接作宾语句型:动词(vt)+ to do解读:直接跟在一个及物动词后面作宾语。

这时句子有以下两个特点:第一:句子的主语和不定式的逻辑主语是一致的,不定式的语态需看与句子主语的关系。

第二:这时句子的谓语动词多是描写态度;不定式动作则说明行为。

经典例句:1)Nobodywants to be laughed at.2)Thiscompany refused to cooperate with us.经典例题:1.I don't want ____like I' m speaking iii of anybody, but the manager' s plan isunfair. (2005天津卷)A. to soundB. to be soundedC. soundingD. to have sounded2.I can’t stand ______ with Jane in the same office. She just refuses _______talking while she works. (2006北京卷)A.working ; stoppingB. to work ; stoppingC.working ; to stopD. towork ; to stop3.As a young man , I hate______________ in public.ughed atB. to be laughed atC. to laugh atughing at2.句型:某些及物动词+连词+to do解读:在一些动词之后,可以在连接代词(what, who , which)或连接副词(how, when, where)及连词whether 后面接一个带to 的动词不定式作宾语。

动词不定式要点总结

动词不定式要点总结

动词不定式要点总结动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征,因此,在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。

一、常接不定式作宾语的动词有want,love,learn,agree,decide,hope,refuse 等。

例如:I'm learning to skate on real ice. 我正在真正的冰上学滑冰。

[特殊提醒]不定式短语作宾语时,如果还带有宾语补足语,通常用 it 作形式宾语,而把不定式短语放在宾语补足语之后。

例如:He found it very difficult to get to sleep.他发现入睡很艰难。

二、动词不定式常用作目的状语。

例如:He came to give us a talk yesterday. 他昨天来给我们作了个报告。

Mrs Brown went to see her doctor. 布朗夫人去看她的医生了。

三、 tell,ask,want,order,get,wish,warn,teach,invite 等动词后常跟不定式作宾语的补足语,构成 tell/ ask……sb to do sth (“告诉/请……某人做某事”)结构。

例如:Could you ask him to call me,please?请你让他给我打个电话,好吗?[特殊提醒]使役动词 let,make,have 等,感官动词 see,hear,feel,watch,notice,look at,listen to 等,后常跟不带to 的不定式作宾语补足语。

例如:A woman saw it happen when she was walking past一.位妇女路过时看到(它掉下) 了。

We often heard her sing in the next room. 我们时常听到她在隔壁唱歌。

注意:在被动语态句子中,不定式前必须加 to.例如:He was made to do it. 他被迫做这件事。

初中英语语法精讲动词不定式用法(教案)

初中英语语法精讲动词不定式用法(教案)

初中英语语法精讲动词不定式用法(教案)一、教学目标:1. 让学生掌握动词不定式的概念及基本用法。

2. 培养学生正确运用动词不定式表达目的、结果、原因等状语从句。

3. 提高学生听说读写能力,增强实际交际中的运用能力。

二、教学内容:1. 动词不定式的定义及构成。

2. 动词不定式的基本用法:作状语、作宾语、作主语。

3. 动词不定式在特定句型中的用法:目的状语、结果状语、原因状语。

4. 动词不定式的否定式及疑问式的构成及用法。

5. 动词不定式与它所修饰的词的词义关系。

三、教学重点与难点:1. 重点:动词不定式的基本用法及在特定句型中的表达。

2. 难点:动词不定式否定式及疑问式的构成及用法。

四、教学方法:1. 实例分析法:通过大量例句分析,让学生深入了解动词不定式的用法。

2. 互动教学法:鼓励学生积极参与,提高课堂氛围,增强实际交际能力。

3. 练习巩固法:通过课后练习,检查学生对所学知识的掌握程度。

五、教学步骤:1. 引入:以一段对话或故事引出动词不定式的概念,激发学生兴趣。

2. 讲解:讲解动词不定式的定义、构成及基本用法。

3. 示范:用多个例句展示动词不定式在句子中的不同作用。

4. 练习:让学生用动词不定式完成句子,体会其用法。

5. 拓展:讲解动词不定式在特定句型中的用法,如目的状语、结果状语、原因状语。

6. 互动:分组讨论,让学生用动词不定式造句,相互交流。

7. 总结:对本节课的主要内容进行总结,强调重点和难点。

8. 作业:布置课后练习,让学生巩固所学知识。

六、教学评估:1. 课堂参与度:观察学生在课堂上的积极参与程度,提问和回答问题的积极性。

2. 练习完成情况:检查学生课后练习的完成情况,评估他们对动词不定式用法的掌握程度。

3. 小组讨论:评估学生在小组讨论中的表现,包括合作态度和创造性运用动词不定式的能力。

七、课后作业:1. 抄写课堂上的例句,并用自己的话造句,运用动词不定式。

2. 编写一篇小短文,尽可能多地使用动词不定式。

初中英语语法精讲动词不定式用法(教案)

初中英语语法精讲动词不定式用法(教案)

初中英语语法精讲动词不定式用法(教案)章节一:动词不定式的概念与构成教学目标:1. 让学生理解动词不定式的概念。

2. 让学生掌握动词不定式的构成。

3. 让学生能够正确运用动词不定式作主语、宾语和表语。

教学内容:1. 动词不定式的概念:动词不定式是一种没有主语和宾语的句子形式,由动词原形加上“to”构成。

2. 动词不定式的构成:动词原形+ “to”。

3. 动词不定式的基本用法:a. 作主语:如:To see is to believe.b. 作宾语:如:I want to go.c. 作表语:如:His goal is to study hard.教学活动:1. 引入动词不定式的概念,让学生通过实例理解。

2. 讲解动词不定式的构成,让学生进行练习。

3. 分组讨论,让学生用动词不定式作主语、宾语和表语造句。

章节二:动词不定式的否定形式教学目标:1. 让学生掌握动词不定式的否定形式。

2. 让学生能够正确运用动词不定式的否定形式。

1. 动词不定式的否定形式:在“to”前面加上“not”,即“not to”。

2. 动词不定式的否定形式的用法:表示否定意义,如:I don't want to go.教学活动:1. 讲解动词不定式的否定形式,让学生进行练习。

2. 小组活动,让学生用动词不定式的否定形式造句。

章节三:动词不定式的疑问形式教学目标:1. 让学生掌握动词不定式的疑问形式。

2. 让学生能够正确运用动词不定式的疑问形式。

教学内容:1. 动词不定式的疑问形式:在“to”前面加上“do/does/did”,如:Do you want to go?2. 动词不定式的疑问形式的用法:用于提问,如:Do you want to go shopping?教学活动:1. 讲解动词不定式的疑问形式,让学生进行练习。

2. 小组活动,让学生用动词不定式的疑问形式提问。

章节四:动词不定式作主语教学目标:1. 让学生掌握动词不定式作主语的用法。

中考英语语法动词不定式精讲课件(22张)

中考英语语法动词不定式精讲课件(22张)


decide sb. to do sth. encourage sb. to do sth.

help sb. do sth.

plan sb. to do sth./promise sb. to do sth.

want sb. to do sth. ask sb. to do sth.

would like sb. to do
like/love to do (一次性的动作)
She likes to swim.
like/love doing (习惯/经常性的动作)
stop/go on 两件事情
stop to do (停下当下做的事去做另一件事情)
I'm tired. Let's stop to have a rest.
stop doing (停止正在做的事情)
表语:系动词之后,表明主语性质、状态、身份…
动词不定式可以放在be动词后作表语


My work is to clean the room every day.

2
decide 决定; expect期望;forget忘记; fail 失败; try尽力 prefer 更喜欢...... 作


I hope to have a party tomorrow.



Tina told her sister to turn down the TV.
5
tell sb. to do sth.
宾语补足语:用来说明宾语的性质,身份,特征和行为等情况。。
常考动词不定式作宾语补足语:

tell sb. to do sth./It takes sb. to do sth.

动词不定式精讲

动词不定式精讲

动词不定式精讲1. 作主语作主语的不定式如果很短,通常位于句首,如:To see is to believe.若不定式(短语)较长时,常用it作形式主语,而把真正的主语(即动词不定式)放在后面,以避免头重脚轻。

常见句型为:“It”s +名词(for + sb)+ to do sth“和”It“s +形容词(for / of + sb)+ to do sth”。

注意:在这个句型结构中,若形容词表示与人有关的“赞美”或“批评”时用of,如kind,nice,good,clever,bad等;否则用for.如:It“s easy for you to answer the question.It“s very kind of you to help me.2. 作表语动词不定式可以作be,seem,appear等系动词的表语。

如:Her job is to take care of these children.3. 作状语动词不定式放在come,go,stop等动词后作目的状语;放在sorry,glad,surprised,pleased,angry等形容词后作原因状语;动词不定式作状语表示结果时常与副词too或enough连用。

注意:too…to与so…that…和(not)…enough to…可以相互转换:如:She is so weak that she can“t move the box.=She is too weak to move the box.=She is not strong enough to move the box.4. 疑问词+不定式疑问词+不定式=名词短语,可作主语、宾语或表语。

注意:名词短语可以由名词从句转换而来;疑问代词what,which,whom可以作宾语,疑问副词how,when,where,whether不能作宾语。

如:I didn“t know what I should do. = I didn”t know wheat to do.I didn“t know how I should do it. = I didn”t know how to do it.5. 几种不带to的动词不定式句式had better…, Why not…? Will / Would you please…?等句型后接不带to的不定式。

高中英语非谓语动词精讲精练—动词不定式

高中英语非谓语动词精讲精练—动词不定式

高中英语非谓语动词精讲精练—动词不定式动词不定式的构成动词不定式由“to+ 动词原形”构成,如:to study, to play,动词不定式虽然不能作谓语动词用,但仍留着动词的特征,它可以带有所需要的宾语或状语而构成动词不定式短语,如:to study hard, to play table tennis。

动词不定式的句法作用:动词不定式能起名词、形容词和副词的作用,可在句中作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。

主语:不定式做主语,常常用it做形式主语,而把不定式放后面表语:多说情况下,不定式做表语,可转换为做主语宾语:只能做某些动词的宾语,一般不做介词的宾语定语:不定式做定语,要放在修饰词的后面状语:不定式做状语,其逻辑主语要和主语一致动词不定式的形式变化:1. 不定式作主语动词不定式作主语时,句子的谓语动词常用单数,其位置有以下两种:(1)把不定式置于句首。

如:To get there by bike will take us half an hour.To take exercise every day is beneficial to health.To solve this problem in such a short seems impossible.To do that sort of thing is foolish.(2)用it作形式主语,把真正的主语不定式置于句后,常用于下列句式中。

如:①It+be+名词+to doIt’s our duty to take good care of the old.②It takes sb+ some time +to doHow long did it take you to finish the work?③It+be+形容词+for sb+to doIt is difficult for us to finish writing the composition in a quarter of an hour.④It+be+形容词+of sb+to doIt is stupid of you to write down everything the teachersays.⑤It seems (appears) +形容词+to do seem 常用句式为“It seems that …..”和“sb seems to do sth …..”表示“似乎、好像”的意思。

动词不定式精讲

动词不定式精讲

动词不定式一、不定式作名词的用法1.作主语:To play in the street is dangerous.=It’s dangerous to play in the street.在街上玩很危险。

2.作表语: The best idea is to stay here.最好的想法是留在这。

be+to do sth.句型中,to do 不定式短语作表语。

3.作宾语:She decided to go abroad.她决定出国。

不定式用在及物动词后作宾语,常见的及物动词有:ask choose decide expect fail manage plan offer prefer hope wait want wish learn promise refuse agree know afford4.作宾语补足语:Lucy asked him to turn down the radio.露茜请他把收音机关小。

二、不定式作副词的用法1、表目的:They sleep together to keep warm.他们睡在一起,保持暖和。

2、表原因:I’m glad to meet you.见到你我很高兴。

I’m foolish to do that.那样做我真是太傻了。

The question is difficult to answer.这问题很难回答。

请记住下列短语:be happy to do…be glad to do…be sorry to do…The food is good to eat.这食物很适合吃。

三、不定式作形容词的用法(作定语)He was the first to come to the classroom.他是来到教室的第一个人。

They are building a bridge to walk on.他们正在建一座可以走路的桥。

Have you got anything to say?你有话要说吗?I had something cold to drink.我喝冷饮了。

高一英语非谓语动词—动词不定式及动名词知识精讲

高一英语非谓语动词—动词不定式及动名词知识精讲

高一英语非谓语动词—动词不定式与动名词【本讲主要内容】非谓语动词——动词不定式与动名词【知识总结归纳】非谓语动词包括动词不定式,动名词和分词.〔1〕非谓语动词不可以单独作谓语,在形式上不受人称和数的限制.〔2〕非谓语动词如果是与物动词, 应该带宾语.〔3〕非谓语动词可以有状语来修饰.〔4〕非谓语动词仍有时态和语态的变化.I.动词不定式: to + 动词原形动词不定式具有名词,形容词和副词的特征,在句子中可以作主语,表语,宾语,定语和状语。

1. 作主语:To talk with him is a great pleasure.动词不定式作主语时, 往往放在谓语动词的后面,用作形式主语.It is a great pleasure to talk with him.有很多形容词都可以放在这个句型中:difficult, easy, hard, impossible, dangerous, safe, expensive, cheap impossibleDo you think it is safe to drink this water?Your writing is awful. It is impossible to read it.I like being with Jill. It’s very interesting to talk to her.It is not difficult to learn a foreign language if you spend time and effort on it.在形容词kind, clever, silly, stupid, careless, unfair , considerate 等前应该用介词of.It’s silly of Mary to give up her job when she needs the money.I think it was very helpful of them to tell me the truth.2. 作表语:Her wish is to become a teacher when she grows up.Our plan is to finish the plan in two weeks.3. 作宾语:Do you like to watch football matches?We decided to make changes in our plan.常见的后面跟不定式作宾语的动词有:offer, decide, agree, plan, hope, learn, forget, fail, attempt, promise, arrange, afford, manage等.How old were you when you learn to drive?We decided not to go out because of the bad weather.I promised not to be late.有些形容词后面也可以接动词不定式ready, eager, anxious, able, sure, glad, sorry, afraid, free, pleased, willingThe boys and girls are eager to learn to swim.I’m sorry to trouble you.He is willing to help the people in need.有些动词后可以用疑问词+ 不定式的结构ask, decide, know, remember, forget , explain ,learn, wonderWe asked how to get to the airport?Have you decided where to go for your holidays?Do you understand what to do?4. 作宾补:可以带宾补的动词有:ask, order, persuade, advise, like, want, tell, know, helpwarn, invite, persuade, get, expect, would like, would loveThe doctor advised him to have a good rest.I didn’t move the piano by myself. I got somebody to help me.I was warned not to touch the switch.My father allowed me to use his car.在某些与物动词的复合宾语中, 动词不定式要省掉to, 常见的省to的动词有:make, let, have, see, watch, hear, feel , help等I heard him speak in the next room.Liz suddenly felt something touch her on the shoulder.I saw him fall off the wall.Did anybody see the accident happen?The ending of the story made me feel sad.5. 作定语:动词不定式作定语时须放在被修饰的名词或代词之后.He is always the first one to get up.I have a few words to say on this question.Attention, please! I have something important to say.6. 作状语:不定式作状语通常表示目的或结果---- Why did you go out?---- To post a letter.A friend of mine phoned to invite me to a party.A few years later he came home to find that his hometown had greatly changed.I went to see him only to find him out.II. 动名词由动词原形+ 词尾ing 构成.动名词有名词的特征, 在句中可以作主语, 宾语,表语等.1. 作主语:Getting up early is a good habit.Seeing is believing.Reading aloud is very important in learning English.It’s no use trying to persuade me.There’s nothing you can do about the situation, so it’s no good worrying ab out it.2. 作表语:Her job is looking after the babies.His hobby is collecting stamps.3. 作宾语:常跟动名词作宾语的动词:stop, delay, consider, admit, miss, finish, postpone, imagine, avoid, risk practiseSuddenly everybody stopped talking. There was silentce.I’ll do the shopping when I’ve finished cleaning the flat.He tried to avoid answering my question.Have you ever considered going to live in another country.一些短语后面也用动名词做宾语:give up, put off, carry on, go on, keep onHe has given up smokingWe must do something. We can’t go on living like that.Don’t keep interrupting me while I’m speaking.介词后接动名词作宾语:before, after, be interested in, be good at, how about, instead of, in spite of, without, be used to, look forward to, have difficulty in, succe ed in, insist on, think of, feel like, stop… from, Are you interested in working for us?I’m not very good at learning languages.Carol went to work in spite of feeling ill.I bought a new bicycle instead of going away on holiday.What did you do after leaving school?I ran ten kilometers without stopping.Do you feel like going out tonight?The police stopped everyone from leaving the building.【高考点拨】【题型展示】〔〕 1. The patient was warned _____ oily food after the operation.A. to eat notB. eating notC. not to eatD. not eating此题应选C, warn sb. not to do sth. 意思是警告某人不要做某事.〔〕 2. The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier , __________ it more difficult .A. not makeB. not to makeC. not makingD. do not make此题应选B, 动词不定式在这里是作表语的.〔〕 3. Robert is said ______ abroad, but I don’t know what country he studied in.A. to have studiedB. to studyC. to be studyingD. to have been studying此题应选A, sb. be said to be, 意思是据说, 在这里用不定式的完成时, 指的是发生在过去的事.〔〕 4. I’ve worked with children before , so I know what ______ in my new job.A. expectedB. to expectC. to be expectingD. expects此题应选B, know 后面接动词不定式,不定式前面可以带一个疑问词.〔〕 5. The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see ______ the next year.A. carry outB. carrying outC. carried outD. to carry out此题应选C, plan 为定语从句的先行词, 后面为它的定语从句. 在从句中, 短语see sth. done 意思是“看见…被….〞〔〕 6. I usually go there by train.--- Why ______ going there by boat for a change?A.don’t tryB. not tryC. not to tryD. not trying此题应选B, why not do sth. 为一个词组, 表示一种建议语气.〔〕7. We don’t know who stole the book. What’s you r opinion?--- Jack is considered _______ it.A. having doneB. doingC. to have doneD. to do此题应选B, consider 后面应该用动名词作宾语.〔〕8. The place is really beautiful . We all think it worth ______ .A. being visitedB. to be visitedC. a visitD. to visit此题应选C, worth 后面可以跟动名词作它的宾语,A、B、D答案都不是,因此我们选择名词作宾语.〔〕9. He advised _____ at the school gate the next day.A. our meetingB. to meetC. us meetingD. met此题应选A, advise 后接动名词作宾语, 动名词前面可以有一个逻辑主语,用形容词性的物主代词.〔〕10. The computer is _______ to be one of the greatest inventions of the 20th century.A. regardedB. consideredC. expectedD. suggested此题应选B, consider 在这里是认为的意思. c onsider sb. to be ….【实战模拟】〔〕 1. The experienced driver has got ______ in all kinds of weather.A. used to driveB. used to drivingC. use to driveD. use to driving〔〕2. I’m too tired. I prefer _____ rather than go to the cinema.A. to stay homeB. to staying homeC. stay homeD. staying home〔〕 3. Her father considered _____ to a foreign friend.A. writingB. writeC. to writeD. wrote〔〕 4. You’d better _____ tell a lie. I think it ______ tell the teacher all that had happened yesterday.A. not. would betterB. not, is better toC. not to, would better toD. not to, better〔〕 5. The young couple came to the ball without ______ .A. being invitedB. invitingC. been invitedD. invite〔〕 6. He was surprised to find the back window of his house ______ . He was evenmore surprised to find his computer ______ .A. broken, goneB. had broken, goingC. being broken, disappearedD. had been broken, missed〔〕7. Please speak a little louder to make yourself _____ .A. to hearB. hearC. heardD. hearing〔〕8. The dish isn’t warm enough now. You’d better get it _____ .A. to heatB. to be heatedC. heatedD. heating〔〕9. --- What’s in your bag?--- Books _________to the teacher tomorrow.A. sentB. to be sentC. being sentD. sending〔〕10. I can hardly imagine Peter _____ across the Atlantic Ocean in five hours.A. sailB. to sailC. sailingD. to have sailed试题答案1. B2. A3. A4. B5. A6. A.7. C8.C9. B 10. C。

非谓语动词用法精讲不定式的用法和常见结构

非谓语动词用法精讲不定式的用法和常见结构

非谓语动词用法精讲不定式的用法和常见结构非谓语动词用法精讲:不定式的用法和常见结构不定式是一种非谓语动词形式,具有名词、形容词和副词的性质,在句中可作主语、宾语、宾补、定语、状语等,下面将详细介绍不定式的用法和常见结构。

一、不定式作主语不定式作主语常用于下列句型:1. It + be + adj. + 不定式It is important to learn a foreign language.学习外语很重要。

2. It + be + 名词 + 不定式It is my dream to travel around the world.我的梦想是环游世界。

3. 不定式 + be + 名词To succeed is his goal.成功是他的目标。

二、不定式作宾语不定式作宾语常用于下列动词后面:1. 希望类:hope, expect, want, wish, would like等I hope to see you soon.我希望很快见到你。

2. 决定类:decide, plan, choose, determine等They decided to go on a trip next week.他们决定下周去旅行。

3. 帮助类:help, teach, show, enable等My teacher taught me how to swim.我的老师教我游泳。

4. 开始类:begin, start, continue等He started to play the piano at the age of six.他六岁开始学习弹钢琴。

5. 喜欢类:like, love, enjoy, prefer等I prefer to stay at home on weekends.我周末更喜欢待在家里。

三、不定式作宾语补足语不定式作宾语补足语常用于使役动词后,表示被动或被迫的意义。

1. 使役动词:make, let, have, get等My father made me clean my room.父亲让我打扫了房间。

初中英语语法精讲动词不定式用法

初中英语语法精讲动词不定式用法

9Aunit3 语法(一)动词不定式用法形动词不定式没有人称和数的变化,在句中不可以独立作谓语。

但动词不定式具闻名词、容词和副词特色,在句中能够作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、表语和状语等多种成分。

此外,动词不定式拥有动词特色,能够有自己的宾语和状语,构成动词不定式短语。

动词不定式的必定形式是to+do;其否认形式是not to +do。

下边以动词不定式在句中的作用来予以详尽说明。

1.作主语能够直接作主语。

如:To see is to believe.但在英语中,常用it 作形式主语,真实的主语即动词不定式放在后边。

如:It's wrong to play tricks on other people .It's our duty to keep our environment clean and tidy .点击规律:动词不定式在句中作主语时,常放在 It is + adj.(形容词)+ to do sth.或 It is + n.(名词)+ to do sth.句型中, it 仅作形式主语。

2.作宾语a. want, decide , agree 等动词后边跟而且只好跟不定式。

如:We agreed to start early.She wants to be a doctor.b. love,like,begin,start,hate,prefer等词后边能够接不定式。

点击规律:上述动词后边除接不定式外,还能够接动名词,意思无很大差别。

提示板: like doing 指常常性动作,而like to do 指一次性的动作。

如:I like swimming , but I don't like to swim now .我喜爱游泳,但我此刻不想游。

c. stop, forget , remember, go on , try 等词或短语后边能够接不定式。

点击规律:上述动词后边接不定式和接动名词意思大不同样。

非谓语动词用法精讲动词不定式与带to的动词不定式的区别

非谓语动词用法精讲动词不定式与带to的动词不定式的区别

非谓语动词用法精讲动词不定式与带to的动词不定式的区别非谓语动词用法精讲:动词不定式与带to的动词不定式的区别动词不定式是英语中非常重要的一种非谓语动词形式。

在句子中,动词不定式可以作为主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等。

与动词不定式相似的还有带to的动词不定式(to-infinitive),两者之间存在一些细微的区别。

本文将重点介绍动词不定式与带to的动词不定式的区别及其用法。

一、动词不定式动词不定式是由动词原形加上to构成的,例如:to go, to eat, to swim等。

动词不定式在句子中可以作为主语,如:1. To learn a foreign language is beneficial for your future career.(学一门外语对你未来的事业有益。

)动词不定式还可以作为及物动词的宾语,如:2. She wants to travel around the world.(她想环游世界。

)3. I like to read books before going to bed.(我喜欢在睡前看书。

)此外,动词不定式也可用作宾语补足语,如:4. They consider it important to protect the environment.(他们认为保护环境很重要。

)二、带to的动词不定式(to-infinitive)带to的动词不定式由to加上动词原形构成,例如:to learn, to eat,to swim等。

带to的动词不定式可以作为动词的宾语、表语、定语、状语等,例如:1. She decided to study abroad.(她决定出国学习。

)2. His dream is to become a doctor.(他的梦想是成为一名医生。

)需要注意的是,带to的动词不定式在使用时有以下几个特点:1. 带to的动词不定式通常作为及物动词的宾语,如:I want to go to the movies tonight.(我想今晚去看电影。

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作表语
1. 我的工作是教英语。 My job is to teach English.
2. 眼见为实。 To see is to believe.
作定语
1. 你有什么要说的吗? Do you have anything to say?
2. Betty是第一个知道这真相的人。 Betty was the first to know the truth.
• 常见的这类不定式短语有: to be frank , to be honest, to be brief, to make matters worse etc.
Bare infinitive (不带to的动词不定式)
不带to的动词不定式常用于: 1) 使役动词let、make和have后面 Her parents wouldn’t let her go out alone. 她父母不会让她独自出门。 The boss made the workers work 14 hours a day. 老板让工人们每天工作14小时。 The teacher often has his students read aloud in class. 老师经常让他的学生在教室里大声读。
原因状语.
结果状语
I’m too tired to walk any further tonight.
The picture is nice to look at. 修饰性状语
• To tell you the truth, we don't want to include you.
独立成分
• 这种动词不定式独立于句子之外, 表示说话者的态 度、语气等, 又称为评论性状语。
Infinitive
动词不定式
Lead-in
Homework checking!
Learning aims:
1. Know the basic structure of the to infinitive. 2. Identify its functions in different sentences. 3. Apply what they learn in class in practice.
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作宾补
1. 她叫我呆在这儿。 She asked me to stay there. 2.请允许我介绍Mr. White给你们。 Please allow me to introduce Mr. White to you. 我们认为他是一个好老师.(consider)
We consider him to be a good teacher.
Self-study
什么是非谓语动词?
在句子中不充当谓语的动词。 to dodance&Exploration
To do that sort of thing is foolish. 主语
I want to see you this evening.

宾语
词 All you have to do is to finish it quickly.
那个小男孩有许多玩具可以玩。 The little boy has many toys to play with.
作状语
He spoke loudly (so as / in order) to be
heard.
目的状语.
They jumped with joy to hear the news.
2. 他答应不告诉任何人这事。
He promised not to tell anyone about it.
These verbs are followed by ‘to infinitive’.
offer decide hope deserve attempt promise agree plan aim afford manage threaten refuse arrange learn forget fail want ask help would like would love expect beg mean(=intend) would prefer would hate
找出下列句子中的错误。 I want to find a hotel to live. • I have a pen to write. I want to find a hotel to live in. I have a pen to write with. 不及物动词做后置定语时,注意在后面加上相应的介词。

表语
定 We found a house to live in.

定语
She came here to study English.
状语
I warned the patient not to drink cold
water after the operation.
宾补
动词不定式可充当除了谓语的所有成分
These verbs have the structure: verb + object + to infinitive
want ask help would like would love expect beg mean(=intend) would prefer would hate tell remind force enable teach order warn invite persuade get(=persuade,arrange for) advise rcommend encourage allow permit forbid
作主语
1.当今掌握一门外语真的很重要。
To master a foreign language is really important nowadays. It is really important to master a foreign language.
2. 放弃吸烟是对的。
To give up smoking is right.
It is right to give up smoking.
动词不定式作主语时,其谓语动词用单数;通常用it 作形式主语,
而把真正作主语的动词不定式结构后置,以使句子保持平衡。
作宾语
1. Fred 没有钱,所以他决定找一份工作。 Fred didn’t have any money, so he decided to look for a job.
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