【英语】高考英语试题真题分类汇编阅读理解(社会文化)及解析

【英语】高考英语试题真题分类汇编阅读理解(社会文化)及解析一、高中英语阅读理解社会文化类1．阅读理解Vietnam aims to solve the relations between economic development and cultural preservation. Vietnamese cultural departments and activists have tried to preserve the historical and cultural relics in the country.Vietnam now has more than 40000 historical relics. These relics of various forms and history are treasures for future generations.However, hundreds of relics are severely damaged due to the negative influence of time, war and human activities. Head of Hanoi Relics Management Board, Nguyen Doan Tuan, says rescue work must preserve the relics' soul: "We cannot replace ruined construction with new materials. We must preserve its shape, size and style. We need to pay attention to every brick replaced so that it looks exactly like the original."Most relics have to rely on tourist fees for repair and rescue work. Director of Van Mieu Cultural and Science Center Dang Kim Ngoc, says that the relics must be promoted widely to attract more visitors and bring in more income for repair and preservation: "We provide constant guide services for visitors so that they understand more about our relics. At the same time, a natural surrounding of the relic has been ensured, including the grass field and garden to improveits scenic value."The local government agreed that the relics must be turned to the community for shared efforts in the preservation work. Director of Vietnam Revolution Museum Dang Quoc Quan, said that the community must be guided in the preservation and protection, "The UNESCO aims to let local community take part in the preservation of relics. We have seen limitations in the preservation of relics, especially festival-related groups of buildings. This requires management and guidance by the government."Nguyen Thi Minh Ly from the Department of Heritage says the community should be guided in proper behaviors towards relics: "This will ensure the protection of cultural relics in later generations. Creative restoration (修复) must be based on previous (先前的) values."Experts have called for a systematic (系统的) guidance by the state in local level preservation while promoting creative thinking in restoration for each relic.（1）Where is the passage most probably taken from?A.A government survey.B.A research paper.C.A newspaper report.D.A travel guide.（2）Which of the following is not the reasons for the damaged relics in Vietnam?A.Human activities.B.Poor building materials.C.War influence.D.The passing of time.（3）It can be inferred from paragraphs 4-6 that to preserve relics, the government should .A.turn to the UNESCO for financial helpB.improve the scenic value by raising tourist feesC.encourage the community to join in the rescue workD.make full use of the money raised by the local people（4）What might be the best title for the passage?A.Guide the Community in Proper BehaviorsB.Replace the Ruined Construction with a New StyleC.Hundreds of Relics in Vietnam Are In RuinsD.Experts Call for a Systematic Way to Preserve Relics【答案】（1）C（2）B（3）C（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了越南文化部门和活动人士一直在努力保护本国的历史和文化遗产，文章说明了文物遭受破坏的原因和文物保护的现状。

就此专家们呼吁国家对地方一级的保护进行系统的指导，同时促进对每一件文物的创造性修复。

（1）考查推理判断。

根据第一段中的“Vietnamese cultural departme nts and activists have tried to preserve the historical and cultural relics in the country.”越南文化部门和活动人士一直在努力保护本国的历史和文化遗产，以及文章主要内容为介绍专家们呼吁用一种系统的方法来保护文物，故选C。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第三段中的“However, hundreds of relics are severely damaged due to the negative influence of time, war and human activities.”然而，由于时间、战争和人类活动的负面影响，数以百计的文物遭到严重破坏，故选B。

（3）考查推理判断。

根据第五段中的“The local government agreed that the relics must be turned to the community for shared efforts in the preservation work. Director of Vietnam Revolution Museum Dang Quoc Quan, said that the community must be guided in the preservation and protection, ‘The UNESCO aims to let local community take part in the preservation of relics...’”当地政府同意，文物必须移交给社区，共同努力进行保护工作。

越南革命博物馆馆长Dang Quoc Quan说，社会必须在保护和保护的指导下，“联合国教科文组织的目的是让当地社会参与文物的保”可以推断，为了保护文物，政府应该鼓励社区参与救援工作。

故选C。

（4）考查主旨大意。

根据最后一段“Experts have called for a systematic guidance by the state in local level preservation while promoting creative thinking in restoration for each relic.”专家们呼吁国家对地方一级的保护进行系统的指导，同时促进对每一件文物的创造性修复，以及结合文章主要内容为越南文化部门和活动人士一直在努力保护本国的历史和文化遗产可知，故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解I travel a lot, and I find out different "styles"(风格)of directions every time I ask " How can I get to the post office?"Foreign tourists are often confused(困惑的)in Japan because most streets there don't have names. In Japan, people use landmarks(地标)in their directions instead of street names. For example, the Japanese will say to travelers, " Go straight down to the corner. Turn left at the big hotel and go past a fruit market. The post office is across from the bus stop."In the countryside of the American Midwest, there are not usually many landmarks. There are no mountains, so the land is very flat. In many places there are no towns or buildings within miles. Instead of landmarks, people will tell you directions and distances. In Kansas or Iowa, for example, people will say, " Go north two miles. Turn east, and then go another mile.People in Los Angeles, California, have no idea of distance on the map. They measure distance in time, not miles. " How far away is the post office?" you ask. " Oh," they answer, " it's about five minutes from here." You say, " Yes, but how many miles is it?" They don't know.It's true that a person doesn't know the answer to your question sometimes. What happens in such a situation? A New Yorker might say, " Sorry, I have no idea." But in Yucatan, Mexico, no one answers " I don't know". People in Yucatan believe that "I don't know" is impolite. They usually give an answer, often a wrong one. A tourist can get very, very lost in Yucatan!（1）When a tourist asks the Japanese the way to a certain place, they usually _______.A.describe the place carefullyB.show him a map of the placeC.tell him the names of the streetsD.refer to recognizable buildings and places（2）What is the place where people measure distance in time?A.New York.B.Los Angles.C.KansasD.Lowa.（3）People inYucatan may give a tourist a wrong answer ________.A.in order to save timeB.as a testC.so as to be politeD.for fun（4）What can we infer from the text?A.It's important for travelers to understand cultural differences.B.It's useful for travelers to know how to ask the way properly.C.People have similar understanding of politeness.D.New Yorkers are generally friendly to visitors.【答案】（1）D（2）B（3）C（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，作者围绕不同国家回答问路的风格，介绍了不同国度的不同文化。