地质工程专业常用英文词汇

1

阐述expound(explain), state

引入introduce into

相应的corresponding

概念conception

概论overview

概率probability

概念化conceptualize

宏观的macroscopic

补充complement

规划plan

证明demonstrate, certify, attest

证实confirmation

补偿compensate, make up, imburse

算法algorithm

判别式discriminant

有限元方法finite element method(FEM)

样本单元法sample element method(SEM)

赤平投影法stereographic projection method(SPM) 赤平投影stereographic projection

干扰位移法interference displacement method(IDM) 干扰能量法interference energy method(IEM)

条分法method of slices

极限平衡法limit equilibrium method

界面元法boundary element method

模拟simulate

计算程序computer program

数值分析numerical analysis

计算工作量calculation load

解的唯一性uniqueness of solution

多层结构模型laminated model

非线性nonlinear

横观各向同性lateral isotropy

各向同性isotropy

各向异性anisotropy

非均质性heterogeneity

边界条件boundary condition

本构方程constitutive equation

初始条件initial condition

初始状态rest condition

岩土工程geotechnical engineering,

土木工程civil engineering

基础工程foundation engineering

最不利滑面the most dangerous slip surface

交替alternate

控制论cybernetics

大量现场调查mass field surveys

组合式combined type

相互作用interaction

稳定性评价stability evaluation

均质性homogeneity

介质medium

层layer, stratum

组构fabric

1地形地貌geographic and geomorphic

工程地质条件engineering geological conditions

地形地貌条件geographic and geomorphic conditions 地形land form

地貌geomorphology, relief

微地貌microrelief

地貌单元landform unit, geomorphic unit

坡度grade

地形图relief map

河谷river valley 河道river course

河床river bed(channel)

冲沟gully, gulley, erosion gully, stream(brook) 河漫滩floodplain(valley flat)

阶地terrace

冲积平原alluvial plain

三角洲delta

古河道fossil river course, fossil stream channel 冲积扇alluvial fan

洪积扇diluvial fan

坡积裙talus apron

分水岭divide

盆地basin

岩溶地貌karst land feature, karst landform

溶洞solution cave, karst cave

落水洞sinkhole

土洞Karstic earth cave

2地层岩性

地层geostrome (stratum, strata)

岩性lithologic character, rock property

岩体rock mass

岩层bed stratum

岩层layer, rock stratum

母岩matrix, parent rock

相变facies change

硬质岩strong rock, film

软质岩weak rock

硬质的competent

软质的incompetent

基岩bedrock

岩组petrofabric

覆盖层overburden

交错层理cross bedding

层面bedding plane

片理schistosity

层理bedding

板理（叶理）foliation

波痕ripple-mark

泥痕mud crack

雨痕raindrop imprints

造岩矿物rock-forming minerals

粘土矿物clay mineral

高岭土kaolinite

蒙脱石montmorillonite

伊利石illite

云母mica

白云母muscovite

黑云母biotite

石英quartz

长石feldspar

正长石orthoclase

斜长石plagioclase

辉石pyroxene, picrite

角闪石hornblende

方解石calcite

构造structure

结构texture

组构fabric(tissue)

矿物组成mineral composition

结晶质crystalline

非晶质amorphous

产状attitude

火成岩igneous