高中生定语从句详讲
高中定语从句讲解 (整理)
定语从句(一）（一）定义及相关术语1．定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。
2．先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。
3．关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
关系词有关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有when, where, why等。
关系词通常有下列三个作用：A、引导定语从句；B、代替先行词；C、在定语从句中担当一个成分。
（二）关系代词引导的定语从句1．who 指人，在定语从句中作主语。
The boys who are playing football are from Class One.Those who want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morning. Yesterday I helped an old man who had lost his way.That is the teacher who teaches us physics.2．whom 指人，在定语从句中做宾语，常可省略。
Mr Liu is the person ( whom ) you talked about on the bus.Li Ming is just the boy ( whom ) I want to see.The professor ( whom ) you are waiting for has come.The girl ( whom ) the teacher often praises is our monitor.注意：关系代词whom 在口语或非正式文体中常可用who 来代替，也可省略。
The man ( whom / who )you met just now is my old friend.3．Which 指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时常可省略。
高中定语从句完整讲解.docx
定语从句定语从句（Attributive Clauses）在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词，词组或代词即先行词（Antecedent）。
定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出1.定义定语从句，就是用来修饰名词或代词的句子，起到定语的作用，所以叫做定语从句。
被修饰的词叫先行词。
定语从句不同于单词作定语的情况，它需要放在被修饰的词（即先行词）之后。
定语从句一般由关系代词来引导。
关系代词必须放在定语从句之首。
2.从句结构 :包括先行词，关系词和定语。
3.关系词（1）关系代词： that,which,who,whom,whose,as(在定语中作主语，宾语，定语，表语 )------ 在句中作成分，说明后面的句子不完整。
（2）关系副词： when,where,why,(在句中作状语 )----- 后面的句子完整。
一．由 that,who,whom 作关系代词引导的定语从句，先行词指人。
1.Do you know the comerade spoke at the meeting yesterday(两者都修饰前面的comerade).2.This is the man(they say) is a good teacher这.(里 who 还做了后面 they say 的宾语，有双重身份，所以不能用 that.)3.This is the teacher I met in the street just now.作(宾语，所以可以省略 )。
4.My cousin,is an engineer, went to America last week.（非限定性定语从句，不能用 that 引导。
）5.先行词是 he, they, those, one, ones, anyone,只能用 who,不能用 that.Anyone breaks the law will be punished.One works hard and without complain is welcome here.6.关系代词指人的先行词（先行词指人）存在于there be 结构中用 who。
完整)高中定语从句详细讲解
完整)高中定语从句详细讲解高中定语从句详细讲解定语从句是修饰某一名词或代词的从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。
被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词，而引导定语从句的词叫关系词，包括关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词有that。
which。
who。
whom。
whose。
as等；关系副词有when。
where。
why等。
关系词通常有三个作用：引导定语从句、代替先行词、在定语从句中担当一个成分。
例如，句子“The man who is XXX.”中，“who”是引导定语从句的关系代词，代替先行词the man，在定语从句中作主语。
因此，定语从句的作用是修饰先行词the man，进一步说明他是一位警察。
关系代词中，who指人，在定语从句中作主语。
例如，“XXX Class One.”表示正在踢足球的男孩是一班的。
whom指人，在定语从句中做宾语，常可省略。
例如，“Mr Liu is theperson ( whom ) you talked about on the bus.”表示XXX就是你们在公共汽车上谈论的那个人。
总之，定语从句是英语语法中的重要部分，掌握好定语从句的用法和关系词的选择，对于提高英语语言水平和应试能力都有很大的帮助。
The professor you were waiting for has arrived。
The girl who is often praised by the teacher is our class monitor.The man you just met is my old friend.XXX is a sport that most boys like。
The computer XXX.XXX。
The house by the XXX.This is the pen he XXX。
The movie they watched last night was not XXX.The number of people who visit this city each year reaches one n.Where is the man I saw this morning?The XXX me to is very kind.Summer is the season that comes after spring.XXX。
高中定语从句详细讲解
高中定语从句详细讲解一.基本概念1.定语从句的定义：用作定语的从句叫定语从句。
2.先行词：被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。
3.定语从句的位置：紧跟先行词(名词或代词)之后。
4.引导词：引导定语从句的词(包括关系代词和关系副词)。
﹙1﹚关系代词：that/who/whom/which/as﹙2﹚关系副词：when/where/why5.引导词的位置：位于定语从句之前(先行词之后)。
【as除外】6.引导词的功能(作用)：﹙1﹚连接先行词和定语从句。
﹙2﹚在定语从句中充当一定的成分(关系代词充当主语或宾语，关系副词充当状语)。
7.定语从句的类型：﹙1﹚限定*定语从句(主句和定语从句之间无逗号)。
①直接由引导词引导定语从句themanwhoyou’retalkingtoismyfriend.②由介词+关系代词(whom/which)引导themantowhomyou’retalkingismyfriend.ineedapenwithwhichicanwritealetter.=ineedapieceofpaperonwhichicanwritealetter.介词的选用可根据从句中的相关词组确定，该介词通常可以放在关系代词之前，也可放在从句之尾。
例如：theman(who/whom/that)italkedaboutatthemeetingisfromb eijinguniversity.=themanaboutwhomitalkedatthemeetingisfrombeijingunive rsity.thepalace(which/that)ioftenpayavisittowasbuiltinthe17thcen tury.=thepalacetowhichioftenpayavisitwasbuiltinthe17thcentury.﹙2﹚非限定*定语从句(主句和定语从句之间用逗号隔开)。
①直接由引导词引导定语从句。
高中定语从句全面详细讲解
高中定语从句全面详细讲解高中定语从句详细讲解一、定义及相关术语定语从句是修饰名词或代词的从句，通常紧跟在先行词之后。
先行词是被定语从句修饰的词，而引导定语从句的词叫做关系词，包括关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词有that。
which。
who。
whom。
whose。
as等；关系副词有when。
where。
why 等。
关系词有三个作用：引导定语从句、代替先行词、在定语从句中担当一个成分。
例如：The man who is XXX。
这句话中，“who”是引导定语从句的关系词，代替先行词the man，在定语从句中作主语。
二、关系代词引导的定语从句1.who指人，在定语从句中作主语。
例如：XXX are from Class One。
正在踢足球的男孩是一班的。
Those who want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 XXX。
想去博物馆的人必须在明晨7点到大门口集合。
XXX I helped an old man who had lost his way。
昨天我帮助了一位迷路的老人。
That is the XXX。
那就是教我们物理的老师。
2.whom指人，在定语从句中做宾语，常可省略。
例如：Mr。
Liu is the person (whom) you talked about on the bus。
XXX就是你们在公共汽车上谈论的那个人。
Li Ming is just the boy (whom) I want to see。
XXX正是我想要见的男孩。
The professor (whom) you are waiting for has come。
你正在等的教授已经来了。
The girl who is often praised by the teacher is our monitor。
She is a responsible and diligent student who always sets a good example for the rest of the class.The man you just met is my old friend。
高中定语从句详细讲解
高中定语从句详细讲解（一）定义及相关术语1．定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。
2．先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。
3．关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
关系词有关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有when, where, why等。
关系词通常有下列三个作用：A、引导定语从句；B、代替先行词；C、在定语从句中担当一个成分。
例如：The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman. 该句中，who is shaking hands with my father 是定语从句，修饰先行词the man，“who”是引导定语从句的关系词，代替先行词the man，在定语从句中作主语。
（二）关系代词引导的定语从句1．who 指人，在定语从句中作主语。
The boys who are playing football are from Class One. 正在踢足球的男孩是一班的。
Those who want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morning. 想去博物馆的人必须在明晨7点到大门口集合。
Yesterday I helped an old man who had lost his way. 昨天我帮助了一位迷路的老人。
That is the teacher who teaches us physics. 那就是教我们物理的老师。
2．whom 指人，在定语从句中做宾语，常可省略。
Mr Liu is the person ( whom ) you talked about on the bus. 刘先生就是你们在公共汽车上谈论的那个人。
高中定语从句详解.ppt
I once lived in the house whose roof has fallen in.
注意：指物时，常用下列结构 来代替： The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired. The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.
Yesterday I received a letter that / which came from Australia.
5. whose 通常指人，也可指物， 在定语从句中做定语。 I visited a scientist whose name is known all over the country. He has a friend wБайду номын сангаасose father is a doctor.
The school in which he once studied is very famous. Tomorrow I’ll bring here the magazine (which / that) you asked for. Tomorrow I’ll bring here the magazine for which you asked.
Where is the man that / whom I saw this morning? The person that /whom you introduced to me is very kind. The season that / which comes after spring is summer.
The professor ( whom ) you are waiting for has come.
高中定语从句详细讲解
高中定语从句详细讲解一、什么是定语从句？定语从句是修饰名词或代词的从句，用来对名词或代词进行进一步的说明或限制。
它通常由关系代词或关系副词引导。
二、关系代词引导的定语从句1. 引导关系代词有：that, which, who, whom, whose, as, when, where等。
例句1：The book that I borrowed from the library is very interesting.这本书是我从图书馆借来的，非常有趣。
例句2：The girl who is sitting next to me is my best friend.坐在我旁边的那个女孩是我最好的朋友。
例句3：I don't know the reason why he didn't come to the party.我不知道他为什么没来参加派对的原因。
三、关系副词引导的定语从句1. 引导关系副词有：when, where, why, how等。
例句4：This is the school where I studied last year.这是我去年学习的学校。
例句5：I will never forget the day when we met for the first time.我永远不会忘记我们第一次见面的那一天。
四、关系代词和关系副词的用法区别1. 关系代词在定语从句中充当主语或宾语，而关系副词则在定语从句中充当状语。
例句6：The girl who/that is standing there is my sister.（关系代词作主语）站在那里的那个女孩是我的妹妹。
例句7：I still remember the day when/that we went on a trip together.（关系副词作状语）我仍然记得我们一起去旅行的那一天。
五、关系代词的省略1. 当定语从句的关系代词在从句中作宾语，并且在主句中有明确的宾语时，可以省略关系代词。
高中定语从句详解
高中定语从句详解高中定语从句详解定语从句是高中阶段的重点，大家要记住相关的语法规则，并且需要通过以后的练习来逐渐透彻掌握。
中肯定会遇到一些困难，不好弄懂的知识点一定要结合例句细心多看几遍。
下面为大家带来高中定语从句详解，希望能帮到你!Ⅰ.概念：(1) 定语从句：在主从复合句中用作定语的从句叫定语从句。
定语从句一般紧接在先行词后面。
(2) 先行词：被定语从句修饰的成份。
先行词可以为一个词，短语，或整个主句。
(3) 引导定语从句的词叫关系词，分为关系代词和关系副词。
关系词的作用：1) 引导定语从句，连接主句和从句，相当于一个连词;2) 必在从句中作某个句子成份(可以做主语，宾语，表语，定语，状语)常用的关系代词: that、 which、 who、whom、as , 在从句中作主语，宾语，whose在从句中作定语)常用的'关系副词(在从句中只作状语): when、why、 whereThe student who answered the question was John.I know the reason why he was so angry.The boy (whom) you are talking to is my brother.I'd like a room whose window looks out over the sea.定语从句三步：第一找出先行词;第二看先行词在定语从句中的语法的功能(做主语、宾语或状语);第三选择合适的关系词。
Ⅱ. 几个关系代词的基本用法：●that: 可指人或物;在定语从句中作主语，宾语，表语。
(指人时，相当于who或 whom;指物时，相当于which)(不用于非限制性定语从句; 不可置于介词后作宾语) 如：1. Do you know the gentleman that/who spoke just now?2. You can take anything ( that) you like.3. What is the question (that/which) they are talking about?4. Here is the man ( who/whom/that ) you want to see.5. She's no longer the girl ( that) she used to be before.●which: 指物;在定语从句中作主语，宾语，表语，定语。
高中定语从句超详细讲解+例句
!"#$%Attributive ClauseI. !"#$%&⼀、定义在复合句中，⽤以修饰名词或代词（充当定语）的从句，被称为定语从句。
例如：(1)English is a useful language.（其中形容词useful作定语修饰名词language）English is a language which helps people to communicate effectively with others.（其中“which … others”为定语从句，修饰language）(2)He told me something important.（其中形容词important作定语修饰不定代词something）He told me something that I would never forget.（其中“that … forget”为定语从句修饰不定代词something）在定语从句中，被修饰的名词或代词被称为先⾏词；引导定语从句的词被称为关系词。
重点1.如果没有先⾏词（即被修饰的名词或代词），定语从句也就不存在了。
2.定语从句的关系词都必须在从句中充当⼀定的成分。
⼆、分类定语从句可分为限定性定语从句和⾮限定性定语从句。
1. 限定性定语从句：与主句关系紧密，往往直接跟在先⾏词之后，起到限定的作⽤；2. ⾮限定性定语从句：以逗号“，”隔开主句，主从句的关系相对松散，从句往往只是对先⾏词的补充说明，对主句的意思影响不⼤。
**⼀些⾮限定性定语从句的关系词可以指代主句整句句⼦。
例如：(1) The watch I bought in Switzerland works quite well. 我在瑞⼠买的那块表⾛得不错。
(2) He gave me a vase, which strikes my fancy. 他送了我⼀只花瓶，我很中意。
(3) My father’s old watch gains a bit, as is often the case. 我爸的表快了点，这是常有的事。
高中定语从句完整讲解
定语从句定语从句（Attributive Clauses）在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词，词组或代词即先行词（Antecedent）。
定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出1.定义定语从句，就是用来修饰名词或代词的句子，起到定语的作用，所以叫做定语从句。
被修饰的词叫先行词。
定语从句不同于单词作定语的情况，它需要放在被修饰的词（即先行词）之后。
定语从句一般由关系代词来引导。
关系代词必须放在定语从句之首。
2.从句结构:包括先行词，关系词和定语。
3.关系词（1）关系代词：that,which,who,whom,whose,as(在定语中作主语，宾语，定语，表语)------在句中作成分，说明后面的句子不完整。
（2）关系副词：when,where,why,(在句中作状语)-----后面的句子完整。
一．由that,who,whom作关系代词引导的定语从句，先行词指人。
1.Do you know the comerade spoke at the meeting yesterday(两者都修饰前面的comerade).2.This is the man(they say) is a good teacher.(这里who还做了后面they say 的宾语，有双重身份，所以不能用that.)3.This is the teacher I met in the street just now.(作宾语，所以可以省略)。
4.My cousin, is an engineer, went to America last week.（非限定性定语从句，不能用that引导。
）5.先行词是he, they, those, one, ones, anyone,只能用who,不能用that.Anyone breaks the law will be punished.One works hard and without complain is welcome here.6.关系代词指人的先行词（先行词指人）存在于there be 结构中用who。
高中生定语从句详讲
定语从句一．基础概念1. 英语的三大类从句：●定语从句：定语可以有形容词，名词，代词，数词，分词，副词，不定式以及介词短语等来担任，也可以有一个句子来担任。
担任定语功能的句子成为定语从句。
定语从句在句中的作用相当于形容词，故又称为形容词性从句。
●名词性从句：在句中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句。
名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组，它在复合句中能担任主语,宾语，表语，同位语等，因此根据它在句中的不同语法功能，名词性从句又可分别被称为主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句。
●状语从句：在主从复合句中修饰主句中的动词，形容词，副词等的从句叫状语从句。
功能与副词相近，故又称为副词性从句。
一般分为时间，地点，原因，目的，结果，条件，让步，比较，方式等。
2．定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词；连接先行词与从句的词叫关系词。
关系词不仅在先行词与定语从句之间起连接作用，而且作从句中的一个成分。
3.关系词分为●关系代词：who，whom，which，that，as，whose●关系副词：when，where，why二．关系代词的用法：关系代词指代的是先行词，在定语从句中作主语，宾语，表语等。
作宾语时，口语可省略；如果关系代词作介词的宾语且介词提到关系代词的前面时，关系代词不能省略。
1. who，whom 的用法二者都用于指人，who作主语，宾语，whom作宾语，who可替换whom。
eg. He is the man who lives next door.Some people who are successful language learners often succeed in other fields.I happened to meet the professor who/whom I got to know at the party in the shopping center yesterday.注意：在从句中作介词的宾语且直接跟在介词后时，只能用whom，不能用who。
高中定语从句讲解
高中定语从句详细讲解（一）定义及相关术语1．定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。
2．先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。
3．关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
关系词有关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有when, where, why 等。
关系词通常有下列三个作用：A、引导定语从句；B、代替先行词；C、在定语从句中担当一个成分。
例如： The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman. 该句中，who is shaking hands with my father 是定语从句，修饰先行词the man，“who”是引导定语从句的关系词，代替先行词the man，在定语从句中作主语。
（二）关系代词引导的定语从句1．指人，在定语从句中作主语。
The boys are playing football are from Class One. 正在踢足球的男孩是一班的。
Yesterday I helped an old man had lost his way. 昨天我帮助了一位迷路的老人。
2．指人，在定语从句中做宾语，常可省略。
The professor you are waiting for has come. 你正在等的教授已经来了。
The girl the teacher often praises is our monitor. 老师经常表扬的那个女孩是我们的班长。
注意：关系代词whom 在口语或非正式文体中常可用来代替，也可省略。
The man ( whom / who )you met just now is my old friend.3．指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时常可省略。
Football is a game is liked by most boys. 足球是大多数男孩所喜欢的运动。
讲解高中定语从句
讲解高中定语从句一.定义：在复合句中修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
二.特点：1.先行词：定语从句所修饰的名词或代词2. 关联词：1)引出定语从句，并作从句的一个成分。
可作主语、宾语、定语、状语，作宾语可省略。
2)关联词包括关系代词和关系副词。
关联词位于先行词和定语从句之间。
关系代词：that, which, who, whom, whose代指先行词。
关系副词：when, where, why作时间状语。
三.基本结构：先行词+关联词+定语从句剩余部分四.关系代词的用法：1. that 和whichthat指人或物，作主语或宾语，作宾语可省略，主语不能。
Which指物，不指人，作主语或宾语，作宾语可省略，主语不能。
His father works in a factory that/which makes TV sets.Who was hurt in the accident that/which happened yesterday?The coat (which/that) I put on the desk is black.注意：The room in which I live is very big. (在介词后面不能用that)2.只能用that不能用which引导的定语从句：1) 先行词被形容词最高级修饰时，定语从句只能用thatThis is the most interesting story (that) I have ever heard.2)先行词被序数词修饰时，定语从句只能用thatThe children like the second lesson that is about “The Football Match”.3)先行词被the only，the very 或the same等修饰，定语从句只能用that 引导。
It is the only word (that) I know in the passage.Where is the very book (that) I bought just now?This is the (same) bicycle (that) I lost.4)先行词为everything，something，anything，all，none，much，little，few等不定代词时，定语从句只能用thatI want everything (that) I want.I am writing to tell you about something very strange that happened to me last week.5)先行词被不定代词all, any, no, every, little, much, many修饰时，只能用thatHere is all the money (that) I have.6)先行词是同时含有“人和物”的名词时，定语从句只能用thatI can remember well the persons and some pictures (that) I see in the room.7)定语从句所修饰的词为the one 时，定语从句用that引导Is it the one(that)you want?8)为了避免重复，在疑问词who之后，用that 引导定语从句Who is the girl that won the first place?3. who和whomwho指人，在句中作主语和宾语，作宾语可省略。
高中定语从句详细讲解 最实用
高中定语从句详细讲解（一）定义及相关术语1．定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。
2．先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。
3．关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
关系词有关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as 关系副词有when, where, why。
关系词通常有下列三个作用：A、引导定语从句；B、代替先行词；C、在定语从句中担当一个成分。
例如：The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman. 该句中，who is shaking hands with my father 是定语从句，修饰先行词the man，“who”是引导定语从句的关系词，代替先行词the man，在定语从句中作主语。
（二）关系代词引导的定语从句1．who 指人，在定语从句中作主语。
The boys who are playing football are from Class One.正在踢足球的男孩是一班的。
Yesterday I helped an old man who had lost his way.昨天我帮助了一位迷路的老人。
2．whom 指人，在定语从句中作宾语，常可省略。
Mr. Liu is the person ( whom ) you talked about on the bus.刘先生就是你们在公共汽车上谈论的那个人。
The professor ( whom ) you are waiting for has come.你正在等的教授已经来了。
※注意：关系代词whom 在口语或非正式文体中常可用who 来代替，也可省略。
The man ( whom / who )you met just now is my old friend.3．which 指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时常可省略。
高中语法定语从句的详细讲解
高中语法定语从句的详细讲解定语从句详解与练习（一）定义及相关术语1．定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。
2．先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。
3．关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
关系词有关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as关系副词有when, where, why.注意：关系代词与关系副词在定语从句中充当不同的句子成分，定语从句中缺主、宾、表，用关系代词；缺状语用关系副词，何为句子成分？五大基本句1. 主+ 谓（Vi）I come.2. 主+ 谓（Vt）+ 宾I love you.3. 主+ 谓（Vt）+ 间宾+ 直宾I give him a book.4. 主+ 谓（Vt）+ 宾+ 宾补I make him happy.5. 主+ 系+ 表I am tall.（二）关系代词引导的定语从句1．which 指物，在定语从句中做主语、宾语、表语。
The house which is by the lake looks nice. （主）湖边的那幢房子看上去很漂亮。
This is the pen（which）he bought yesterday. （宾）这是他昨天买的钢笔。
She was fond of dancing, which her brother never was. (表) 她喜欢跳舞,她弟弟从不喜欢。
2．that 指人/ 物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语。
The number of people that come to visit this city each year reaches one million.（人主）每年来参观这座城市的人数达一百万。
Where is the man（that）I saw this morning? （人宾）我今天早上看到的那个人在哪儿？He is no longer a little boy that he used to be.（人表）他已经不再是以前那个小男孩儿了。
高中语法定语从句的详细讲解
高中语法定语从句的详细讲解定语从句（一）定义及相关术语1．定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。
2．先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。
3．关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
关系词有关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有when, where, why等。
关系词通常有下列三个作用：A、引导定语从句；B、代替先行词；C、在定语从句中担当一个成分。
例如：The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman. 该句中，who is shaking hands with my father 是定语从句，修饰先行词the man，“who”是引导定语从句的关系词，代替先行词the man，在定语从句中作主语。
（二）关系代词引导的定语从句 1．who 指人，在定语从句中作主语。
The boys who are playing football are from Class One. 正在踢足球的男孩是一班的。
Those who want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7tomorrow morning. 想去博物馆的人必须在明晨7点到大门口集合。
Yesterday I helped an old man who had lost his way. 昨天我帮助了一位迷路的老人。
That is the teacher who teaches us physics. 那就是教我们物理的老师。
2．whom 指人，在定语从句中做宾语，常可省略。
Mr Liu is the person ( whom ) you talked about on the bus. 刘先生就是你们在公共汽车上谈论的那个人。
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定语从句一．基础概念1. 英语的三大类从句：●定语从句：定语可以有形容词，名词，代词，数词，分词，副词，不定式以及介词短语等来担任，也可以有一个句子来担任。
担任定语功能的句子成为定语从句。
定语从句在句中的作用相当于形容词，故又称为形容词性从句。
●名词性从句：在句中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句。
名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组，它在复合句中能担任主语,宾语，表语，同位语等，因此根据它在句中的不同语法功能，名词性从句又可分别被称为主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句。
●状语从句：在主从复合句中修饰主句中的动词，形容词，副词等的从句叫状语从句。
功能与副词相近，故又称为副词性从句。
一般分为时间，地点，原因，目的，结果，条件，让步，比较，方式等。
2．定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词；连接先行词与从句的词叫关系词。
关系词不仅在先行词与定语从句之间起连接作用，而且作从句中的一个成分。
3.关系词分为●关系代词：who，whom，which，that，as，whose●关系副词：when，where，why二．关系代词的用法：关系代词指代的是先行词，在定语从句中作主语，宾语，表语等。
作宾语时，口语可省略；如果关系代词作介词的宾语且介词提到关系代词的前面时，关系代词不能省略。
1. who，whom 的用法二者都用于指人，who作主语，宾语，whom作宾语，who可替换whom。
eg. He is the man who lives next door.Some people who are successful language learners often succeed in other fields.I happened to meet the professor who/whom I got to know at the party in the shopping center yesterday.注意：在从句中作介词的宾语且直接跟在介词后时，只能用whom，不能用who。
Yesterday I came across the man about whom you talked last night.2. whose 的用法Whose一般指人，但有时也指物，在定语从句中作宾语。
eg. Do you know the girl whose Japanese is excellent?He is the man whose car was stolen last night.Please pass me the book whose cover is green. = Please me the book the cover of which is green.3. which 的用法which 一般指物，在定语从句中作主语，宾语，偶尔作定语。
eg. The train which has just left is for Shenzhen.The river which runs through the center of the city brings us lots of pleasures. 4. that 的用法that 即可指人也可指物，指人时可与who，whom 互换，指物时可与which互换。
在定语从句中可作主语，宾语，表语。
作宾语时可以省略。
eg. Jack is no longer the person that/who/whom I met five years ago.The package which/that you are carrying is about to come unwrapped.你拿的包裹快散了。
5. as 的用法as 引导定语从句主要用于两种情况：一种是限制性定语从句有so，such或the same 修饰；一种是先行词是整个主句的非限制性定语从句，在句中作主语，宾语，它引导的从句可以位于主句前，也可位于主句后，还可以位于主句中间。
eg. You can take as many books as you need. (先行词有as修饰，第二个as是关系代词作need 的宾语)I haven’t so much money as you want.Jeffery is not such an intelligent person as you think.Such people as have made great contributions to the world should be greatly respected. (as 作主语)He is a great hero, as is describe in the report.She is a famous star, as we know.As we had expected, the plan worked out very well.She, as we know , can speak three foreign languages.三. 关系副词的用法1. whenwhen 指时间，在从句中作时间状语。
它的先行词通常为time，day，morning，night，week，year等表示时间的名词。
有时when也和部分介词一起引导定语从句。
eg. I still remember the time when I first traveled by plane.She went to Japan two years ago, since when I haven’t heard from her.2. wherewhere 指地点，在句中作地点状语。
它的先行词通常为place，spot，street，house，city，room，country等表示地点的名词。
where引导的定语从句还可以放在from后。
注意：situation，case，circumstance，state，scene，extent，stage，degree等表示“情形，情况，场合，火候” 的表示抽象地点，用where。
eg. This is the mountain village where I stayed last year.Keep the books in a place where you can find them easily.He did all his research in the room where he lived.The little boy hid himself behind the door, from where he could see his mum enter the room.3. whywhy 指原因或理由，它的先行词只有reason, 在定语从句中作原因状语。
eg. Is this the reason why she refused our offer.I don’t want to listen to any reason why you were absent.四. 限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句1.限制性定语从句用来修饰和限定先行词，与先行词间的关系非常密切，不用逗号和主句隔开。
它所修饰的先行词代表一个（些）或一类特定的人或物，说明先行词的性质，身份，特征等状况，若去掉，则意思含混不清。
eg. A doctor is a person who cares patients.This is the house which I bought last year.2. 非限制性定语从句，只对先行词作些附加说明，即使去掉主句的意思依然清楚。
它与主句之间通常用逗号隔开。
翻译时常常不译作定语，而是译成与主句并列的句子。
（that不能引导非限制性定语从句）eg. He lives in Beijing, which is about five hour’s ride from here.My house, which I bought last year, has got a lovely garden.This novel, which I have read three times, is very touching.This note was left by Tom, who was here a moment ago.3. 运用非限制性定语从句的情况五. 应用定语从句的注意事项1. 宜用that不宜用which的情况当先行词是all，little，few，much，something，anything，everything，nothing，none，some等不定代词时。
eg. He did everything that he could to help us.All that can be done has been done.先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much, the only, the very, the right, the last, few, just等修饰时。
eg. All the things we can do is to give you some advice.Music is the only thing that interests me.This is the very book that I want.先行词是序数词或形容词最高级或被序数词，形容词最高级修饰时。
eg. This is the most interesting book that I have ever read.When people talked about Hangzhou, the first thing that comes to mind is the West Lake.当先行词既有人又有物时。
eg. The guests spoke highly of the children and their performances that they saw at the children’s Palace.当主句是以which开头的特殊疑问句时。
eg. Which of us that knows something about physics cannot join electric wires?2. 宜用which不用that的情况关系代词前有介词时。
eg. The house in which I used to live has become a shoe shop.The pen with which you are writing is Jeff’s.在非限制性定语从句中。