英语的主动语态和被动语态
英语中8种时态的主动语态和被动语态
英语中8种时态的主动语态和被动语态1、一般现在时(1)一般现在时表示没有时限的持久存在的动作或状态或现阶段反复发生的动作或状态，常和副词usually，often，always sometimes，every year, every week等连用。
例如：1)The moon moves round the earth..(2)在由after，until，before，once，when，even if（即使, 虽然），in case（conj.万一, 如果），as long as（和 ... 一样长），as soon as（conj.一 ... 就），the moment（一 ... 就 ..., 这一刻）以及if，unless（conj.除非, 如果不prep.除 ... 外）等引导的时间状语从句或条件状语从句中，通常用一般现在时代替将来时。
例如：1)I will tell him the news as soon as I see him.(3)某些表示起始的动词，可用一般现在时表示按规定、计划或安排要发生的动作，这类动词有：be，go，come，start，depart（vt.离开vi.离开, 死亡），arrive（vi.到达, 到来, 成功），begin（v.开始, 着手），leave（v.委托, 离开, 留给, 遗留, 遗赠, 听任n.许可, 准假, 告别vi.生出叶子）等。
例如：1)The plane leaves at three sharp（adv. 正好, (时间)准, 尖锐地）.(4)在由why，what，where，whoever（pron. 无论是谁, 不管谁, 任何人），who，that，as 等引导的从句中，也常用一般现在时代替将来时。
例如：1)Free tickets will be given to whoever comes first.2.一般过去时英语中8种时态的主动语态和被动语态(1)表示过去某一特定时间所发生的、可完成的动作或状态，常与表示确切过去时间的词、短语或从句连用。
英语的主动语态和被动语态
英语的主动语态和被动语态-CAL-FENGHAI.-(YICAI)-Company One1主动语态和被动语态一、被动语态的用法：1. 一般现在时的被动语态构成： is / am / are + 及物动词的过去分词Our classroom is cleaned every day. 我们教室每天都被打扫。
I am asked to study hard. 我被告知要努力学习。
Knives are used for cutting things. 刀是用来切东西的。
2. 一般过去时的被动语态构成： was / were + 及物动词的过去分词A new shop was built last year. 去年修了一座新商店。
Dinosaur eggs were laid long long ago. 恐龙蛋被放置了很久很久。
3. 一般将来时的被动语态构成：will+ be + 及物动词的过去分词A new hospital will be built in our city. 我们城市将要修建一家新医院。
Many more trees will be planted next year. 明年会种更多的树。
4. 现在进行时的被动语态构成： am / is / are + being + 及物动词的过去分词 Uncle Wang is mending my bike now.→ My bike is being repaired by Tom now. 王叔叔正在修理我的自行车。
They are planting trees over there. → Trees are being planted over there by them. 他们在那里种植的树木。
5. 现在完成时的被动语态构成：has / have + been + 及物动词的过去分词 This book has been translated into many languages. 这本书被翻译成多种文字。
被动语态和主动语态
被动语态和主动语态语态是英语中一个非常重要的语法概念，它通过不同的动词形式来表达句子中的主动和被动关系。
在英语中，主动语态和被动语态具有不同的用法和结构。
本文将介绍被动语态和主动语态的定义、用法以及一些例子来帮助读者更好地理解这两种语态。
一、被动语态的定义和结构被动语态主要用于强调动作的承受者而不是执行者，即主语是动作的接受者。
被动语态的结构由“be”动词的不同形式和过去分词构成。
下面是被动语态的结构示例：1. 一般现在时的被动语态:主语 + am/is/are + 过去分词2. 一般过去时的被动语态:主语 + was/were + 过去分词3. 现在进行时的被动语态:主语 + am/is/are + being + 过去分词4. 现在完成时的被动语态:主语 + have/has been + 过去分词5. 将来时的被动语态:主语 + will be + 过去分词二、被动语态的用法被动语态主要用于以下情况：1. 当我们不知道或不关心动作的执行者时，使用被动语态。
例如：该书已经被人借走了。
-- The book has been borrowed.2. 当我们想要强调动作的接受者时，使用被动语态。
例如：这个贸易协定将使两国之间的关系更加紧密。
-- This trade agreement will make the relationship between the two countries closer.3. 当动作执行者明确但并不重要时，使用被动语态。
例如：这本小说是由一位年轻的作家所写。
-- This novel was written by a young writer.三、主动语态的定义和结构主动语态是最常用的语态，它表示主语是动作的执行者。
主动语态的结构通常更简洁，由主语、动词和宾语构成。
下面是主动语态的结构示例：1. 一般现在时的主动语态:主语 + 动词 + 宾语2. 一般过去时的主动语态:主语 + 动词 + 宾语3. 现在进行时的主动语态:主语 + am/is/are + 动词 + 宾语4. 现在完成时的主动语态:主语 + have/has + 动词 + 宾语5. 将来时的主动语态:主语 + will + 动词 + 宾语四、主动语态的用法主动语态是最常用的语态形式，用于以下情况：1. 当我们想要强调动作的执行者时，使用主动语态。
高中英语知识点归纳被动语态和主动语态的对比
高中英语知识点归纳被动语态和主动语态的对比英语语法中的被动语态和主动语态是学习英语的重要知识点之一。
被动语态和主动语态在句子结构和表达方式上有所不同，了解它们的区别可以帮助我们更好地理解和运用英语。
本文将对高中英语中的被动语态和主动语态进行详细归纳和对比。
一、被动语态的构成被动语态由“助动词be + 过去分词”构成，其中助动词的形式根据句子的时态和语态而定。
具体来说，被动语态的构成如下：1. 一般现在时的被动语态：肯定句：主语 + am/is/are + 过去分词否定句：主语 + am/is/are + not + 过去分词疑问句：Am/Is/Are + 主语 + 过去分词？2. 一般过去时的被动语态：肯定句：主语 + was/were + 过去分词否定句：主语 + was/were + not + 过去分词疑问句：Was/Were + 主语 + 过去分词？3. 一般将来时的被动语态：肯定句：主语 + will be + 过去分词否定句：主语 + will not be + 过去分词疑问句：Will + 主语 + be + 过去分词？二、主动语态的构成主动语态是最常见的语态形式，用于描述主语执行动作的状态。
主动语态的构成较为简单，通常为“主语 + 动词 + 宾语”。
例如：- He writes a letter.（他写信。
）- They eat dinner.（他们吃晚饭。
）主动语态强调主语执行动作的主动性和直接性，是表达意思的常用方式。
三、被动语态与主动语态的对比被动语态和主动语态在表达方式和句子结构上有所不同。
下面将对它们进行对比：1. 动作的执行者- 被动语态：动作的执行者是句子的宾语或者不明确指定。
- 主动语态：动作的执行者是句子的主语。
2. 语态的结构- 被动语态：由“助动词be + 过去分词”构成。
- 主动语态：由“主语 + 动词 + 宾语”构成。
3. 句子的语气- 被动语态：使用被动语态可以表示客观描述或者强调动作的承受者。
英语被动语态与主动语态
英语被动语态与主动语态英语语法中，动词分为主动语态和被动语态，它们经常被使用，而我们也需要了解它们的不同之处和使用方法，以便更好地理解和使用英语语言。
一、主动语态和被动语态的基本概念主动语态表示主语执行动作，而被动语态表示主语是动作的接受者。
例如，“Tom打了足球”是主动语态，“足球被Tom打了”是被动语态。
二、被动语态的构成方式被动语态的构成方式是使用助动词“be”加上过去分词，例如，现在被动语态为“am/is/are + 过去分词”，过去被动语态为“was/were + 过去分词”，将来被动语态为“will be + 过去分词”。
例如，“The cake is made by Tom”，其中“is made”是被动语态，并且被加粗的“made”是过去分词。
三、使用被动语态的情况被动语态通常用于以下情况：1. 当动作的执行者未知或并不需要说明时，例如，“The money was stolen”中并不知道小偷是谁。
2. 当强调做出动作的对象或结果时，例如，“The cake was made by Tom”侧重于强调蛋糕是由Tom制作的。
3. 当在一般情况下，事物的执行者本身并不重要时，例如，“English is spoken all over the world”中强调的是英语被全世界讲。
四、主动语态和被动语态的对比主动语态是更加直接和自然的方式来交流，而被动语态通常用于特殊的语境和情况。
使动词变成被动语态也可能导致句子变得更加复杂和难以理解。
例如，主动语态句子“Tom ate the cake”更加自然，而被动语态句子“the cake was eaten by Tom”更加复杂，因为被动语态中需要更多的字来表达同样的意思。
使用被动语态也需要注意它的正确性和准确性。
使用不当的被动语态可能会导致含义不清或错误的句子。
在写作或口语中，主要应考虑与主语和上下文的配合，以便清晰表达各种意思。
五、总结以上是英语被动语态与主动语态的基本概念、构成方式、使用情况和对比。
英语语法之主动语态和被动语态
英语语法之主动语态和被动语态英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。
初中阶段的被动语态有五种时态，我们可以从以下方面进行小结：一、被动语态的时态及结构（以动词do为例）结构：主语+ be + 过去分词时态：1. 一般现在时：am (is, are) done.2.带情态动词的被动语态：must (can, may, should, need, would) be done3. 一般过去时：was (were) done4. 一般将来时：will (shall) be done5. 现在进行时：am (is, are) being done6. 现在完成时：have (has) been done二、从初中阶段所学五种基本句型谈变被动语态时应注意的问题。
1．主语+ 连系动词+ 表语(S+V+P)此结构不可用被动语态。
(正) The flowers smell sweet.(误) The flowers are smelt sweet.2．主语+ 不及物动词(S+V)此结构不可变被动语态。
(正) An accident happened last night.(误) An accident was happened last night.3．主语+ 及物动词+ 宾语(S + V+ O)（1）将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语Children often sing this songThis song is often sung by children.（2）将含有介词或副词的动词短语变为被动结构时，不可将介词或副词去掉。
We should listen to the teachers carefully.The teachers should be listened to carefully.4．主语+ 及物动词+ 间接宾语+ 直接宾语(S + V+ IO+ DO)（1）.将表人的间接宾语变为主语，直接宾语不变。
主动语态和被动语态的区别
主动语态和被动语态的区别同样的事情可以通过主动句和被动句来表达，虽然重点不同，但意义集中在动作的对象或动作本身，今天我主要给大家分享主动语态和被动语态的区别，希望对你们有帮助!一、语态的基本概念语态是动词的一种形式，表示主语和谓语之间的关系。
〔英语〕动词有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态表示主体是动作的执行者，而被动语态表示主体是动作的承受者。
谓语动词为主动语态的句子称为主动句，谓语动词为被动语态的句子称为被动句。
英语语态分为主动语态和被动语态。
同样的事情可以通过主动句和被动句来表达，虽然重点不同，但意义集中在动作的对象或动作本身。
例如:主动句：The students cleaned the classroom every day.同学们天天清扫教室。
被动句：The classroom was clean evevery day.教室天天都被清扫。
(1)被动语态的构成被动语态由"助动词be+和及物动词的过去分词'组成，助动词be在时态、人称和数上都有变化，其变化规律与连接动词be完全相同。
(2)英语语态的表达主动语态有16种时态，被动语态既没有完全进行时，也没有将来进行时，所以一般将来进行时被动语态可以替代将来进行时被动语态，用现在完成时被动语态代替现在完全进行时被动语态。
例如:This subject will be discussedby us tomorrow morning. (不能用will be discussed)我们明天早上将讨论这个话题。
The machine has been repairedfor two hours.二、tooth的单词含义tooth是 tooth的意思，还有给sth.装齿等含义。
我们研究的tooth的复数形式仅限于它的名词形式。
首先，让我们来看看tooth的单词属性。
(1)tooth的复数形式是什么"tooth'的复数是"teeth'，意思是oo变成ee。
主动语态和被动语态
在初中的英语学习中，句子语态可以分为主动语态和被动语态两种。
主动语态与被动语态的区别：1.在主动语态中，主语后面接人(be +动词原型)；被动语态(be+动词过去分词)2.在主动语态中，主语是谓语动词的使动方。
在被动语态中，主语是谓语动词的受动方。
举例：1.主动语态：The snowslide killed him. 雪崩害死了他。
被动语态：He was killed by the snowslide. 他死于雪崩。
2.主动语态：We use electricity to run machines. 我们用电力来开动机器。
被动语态：Electricity is used to run machines. 电力被我们用来开动机器。
3.主动语态：Bell invented the telephone in 1876.贝尔于1876年发明了电话。
被动语态：The telephone was invented by Bell in1876.电话是贝尔1876年发明的。
主动形式表示被动意义1.连系动词(如：feel,taste,sound,smell,look等)用主动形式表示被动意义。
如：This material feels very soft. 这块材料摸上去很柔软。
This apple tastes good. 这个苹果尝起来很好吃。
2. 有些表示主语内在性质或性能的不及物动词常与一些副词连用，用一般现在时的主动形式表示被动意义，其主语一般为事物。
这些动词有：sell,read, write,wash,wear,last等。
如：The pen writes smoothly 这支笔写起来很流畅。
This kind of food sells well. 这种食物很畅销。
3. 动词need, want, require表示"需要时"，后接动名词或不定式的被动式表示被动意义。
如：Your room needs cleaning/to be cleaned. 你的房间需要打扫一下。
英语常用的八种语态
英语常用的八种语态
1. 一般现在时态 (Simple Present Tense)
主动语态：主语 + 动词原形
被动语态：主语 + am/is/are + 过去分词
2. 一般过去时态 (Simple Past Tense)
主动语态：主语 + 过去式
被动语态：主语 + was/were + 过去分词
3. 现在进行时态 (Present Continuous Tense) 主动语态：主语 + am/is/are + 现在分词
被动语态：主语 + am/is/are + being + 过去分词
4. 过去进行时态 (Past Continuous Tense)
主动语态：主语 + was/were + 现在分词
被动语态：主语 + was/were + being + 过去分词
5. 现在完成时态 (Present Perfect Tense)
主动语态：主语 + have/has + 过去分词
被动语态：主语 + have/has + been + 过去分词6. 过去完成时态 (Past Perfect Tense)
主动语态：主语 + had + 过去分词
被动语态：主语 + had + been + 过去分词
7. 将来时态 (Future Tense)
主动语态：主语 + will/shall + 动词原形
被动语态：主语 + will/shall + be + 过去分词
8. 将来完成时态 (Future Perfect Tense)
主动语态：主语 + will/shall + have + 过去分词
被动语态：主语 + will/shall + have + been + 过去分词。
英语语法中的被动语态与主动语态区别
英语语法中的被动语态与主动语态区别在英语语法中，被动语态和主动语态是我们经常使用的两种语态形式。
被动语态和主动语态的使用不仅影响句子的结构和语序，还会对句子的语义产生一定的影响。
本文将从不同的角度探讨被动语态和主动语态的区别。
一、语法结构被动语态和主动语态在语法结构上有明显的区别。
在主动语态中，主语是执行动作的主体，而在被动语态中，主语成为动作的接受者。
例如，我们可以比较以下两个句子：1. 主动语态：Tom washed the car.2. 被动语态：The car was washed by Tom.在第一个句子中，主语Tom是执行动作的主体，而在第二个句子中，主语The car成为动作的接受者。
这种结构上的差异是被动语态和主动语态的重要区别之一。
二、语义角度被动语态和主动语态在语义上也有所不同。
被动语态强调动作的接受者，而主动语态则强调动作的执行者。
例如，考虑以下两个句子：1. 被动语态：The cake was eaten by John.2. 主动语态：John ate the cake.在第一个句子中，被动语态使得焦点放在了蛋糕被吃的事实上，而不是谁吃了蛋糕。
相比之下，在第二个句子中，主动语态强调的是John这个执行者。
因此，被动语态和主动语态的语义差异也是它们的区别之一。
三、信息重点被动语态和主动语态在信息重点上也有所不同。
被动语态通常用于强调动作的接受者或者对动作的关注度较低，而主动语态则用于强调动作的执行者或者对动作的关注度较高。
例如，考虑以下两个句子：1. 被动语态：The book was written by Mark.2. 主动语态：Mark wrote the book.在第一个句子中，我们更关注的是这本书是由谁写的，而不是关注这个动作本身。
相比之下，在第二个句子中，我们更关注的是Mark这个作者。
因此，被动语态和主动语态在信息重点上也存在差异。
四、语气和语态被动语态和主动语态在语气和语态上也有所不同。
英语各时态的主动句和被动句
一般将来时(Simple Future):主动语态：明天我将会见我的朋友。
(I will meet my friend tomorrow.)被动语态：我的朋友将被我明天见到。
(My friend will be met by me tomorrow.)主动语态：下个月我将搬到一个新的城市。
(I will move to a new city next month.)被动语态：一个新的城市将被我下个月搬到。
(A new city will be moved to by me next month.)主动语态：明年我将开始学习弹钢琴。
(I will start learning to play the piano next year.)被动语态：学习弹钢琴将被我明年开始。
(Learning to play the piano will be started by me next year.)现在进行时(Present Continuous):主动语态：我正在看电视节目。
(I am watching a TV show.)被动语态：电视节目正在被我观看。
(A TV show is being watched by me.)主动语态：他们正在制定新的计划。
(They are making new plans.)被动语态：新的计划正在被他们制定。
(New plans are being made by them.)主动语态：我们正在等待朋友的到来。
(We are waiting for our friend's arrival.)被动语态：朋友的到来正在被我们等待。
(Our friend's arrival is being waited for by us.)现在完成时(Present Perfect):主动语态：我已经完成了我的工作报告。
(I have finished my work report.)被动语态：我的工作报告已经被我完成了。
被动语态与主动语态
一．语态概述英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。
被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。
e.g. He opened the door.他开了门。
(主动句)The door was opened.门被开了。
(被动句)二．被动语态的构成被动语态由“助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。
人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。
1.一般将来时的被动语态will/ shall/ be to/ be going to +be done2.现在完成时的被动语态has/have been done3.现在进行时的被动语态be +being done歌诀是：被动语态be字变，过去分词跟后面。
三、被动语态的用法(1)不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。
e.g. Some new computers were stolen last night.(2)强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。
e.g. The window was broken by Mike.窗户是迈克打破的。
四、主动语态变被动语态的方法(1)把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。
(2)把谓语变成被动结构(be＋过去分词)(根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式)。
(3)把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。
e.g. I have finished the homework..The homework has been finished by me.歌诀是：宾变主，主变宾，by短语后面跟。
一．单项选择：1. ( ) If the work ________,you can go and play games.A. finishedB. has finishedC. will be finishedD. is finished2.( ) It was raining heavily outside, the children were made______in the classroom.A. stayB. to stayC. stayingD. stayed3. ( ) Kate _______ the letter before her mother came into her bedroom.A. has writtenB. was writtenC. had writtenD. is writing4. ( ) To make our city more beautiful, rubbish ______ into the river.A. needn’t be thrownB. mustn’t be thrownC. can’t throwD. may not throw5. ( ) I like my bike. It ________ very well.A. ridesB. is ridingC. is riddenD. has ridden6. ( ) —I won’t come to the party unless Tom ______, too.—You mean if Tom comes ,you’ll come.A. will inviteB. invitesC. invitedD. is invited7. ( ) Everyone who heardMr. Green’s story _____________ it.A. laughed atB. was laughedC. laughedD. was laughed at8. ( ) The children must _______.A. look afterB. be taken good careC. look the sameD. be taken good care of9. ( ) The woman still doesn’t know what _______ in her hometownwhile she was away.A. happensB. happenedC. will happenD. was happened10. ( ) — I saw you were on foot this morning.—Yes. My bike ___________.A. is mendingB. is being mendedC. is mendedD. is being mending二．用正确的形式填空：1. All the students __________(ask) to bring a kite with them last Sunday.2. Are many ways _______(try) to stop people from cutting down so many trees?3. —What are on show in the museum?—Some photos _________(take) by American children.4. This coat _________(wash) well.5. Must the old people ____________(speak) to politely?6. I’m often _________(警告）not to copy others’ homework.7. He couldn’t e xplain why dinosaurs ___________ (消失).8. I’ll have my bike __________________(修理) tomorrow.9. Have you found your necklace ________(偷) last week?10. The PRC was _________(成立) on October 1, 1949.1。
英语中有主动和被动两种语态
英语中有主动和被动两种语态。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
被动语态的构成：因为不及物动词不能带宾语，故无被动语态。
只有及物动词或相当于及物动词的动词短语才有被动语态，其基本构成方式是“助动词/be＋过去分词”。
助动词be有人称、时态和数的变化。
注意：“be(时态,人称,数)＋过去分词”结构不一定都是被动语态，有些动词（如 be，feel，look，seem等）后面的过去分词已转化为形容词，用作表语表示状态。
如： My bike is broken．（我的自行车坏了。
） The door is open．（门开了。
）被动语态与“连系动词 be+过去分词”结构的区别“be+过去分词”并不一定都是被动语态，有时是系表结构。
当“be+过去分词”表示动作时为被动语态，be是助动词，be后面的过去分词是主要动词，动作的对象是主语；当“be +过去分词”表示主语所处的状态时为系表结构，be 是连系动词。
be后面的过去分词是表语，相当于形容词。
其区分办法如下：1、如果强调动作或句中有介词by引导出动作的执行者，该句一般为被动语态，否则为系表结构。
例如：The glass is broken.玻璃杯碎了。
(系表结构)The glass was broken by the boy.玻璃杯被那男孩打碎了。
(被动语态)2、如果句中有地点、频率或时间状语时，一般为被动语态。
如：The magazine is published in Shanghai.这家杂志出版于上海。
(被动语态) The door is locked.门锁着。
(系表结构)The door has already/just been locked.门已经/刚刚被锁上。
(被动语态) The shop is opened.这家商店开门了。
(系表结构)The shop is opened at 8 a.m. everyday.这家商店每天上午八点开门。
英语中的主动语态与被动语态
英语中的主动语态与被动语态英语中的主动语态与被动语态英语中有两种语态即：主动语态和被动语态⼀．概念主动语态：表⽰主语是动作的执⾏者，被动语态表⽰主语是动作的承受者例如：1. Granny takes care of the girl. 奶奶照顾这个⼩⼥孩（Granny是动作take care of 的执⾏者，属主动语态）2. The girl is taken care of by Granny. ⼩⼥孩由奶奶照顾（the girl 是动作take care of 的承受者）⼆.被动语态的构成（1）⼀般现在时的被动语态be 动词（am / is / are）+过去分词（2）⼀般过去时的被动语态was / were + 过去分词（3）⼀般将来时的被动语态will + 过去分词（4）含有情态动词的被动语态Can / may / must / should +过去分词注：在英语中当然不⽌这四种形式的被动语态，它还有现在进⾏时、过去进⾏时、现在完成时、过去完成时等多种形式的被动语态，但在中考中只考⽼师呈现的这四种时态的被动语态三.被动语态的⽤法在将被动语态变为主动语态时，⾸先划分句⼦成分找出句⼦的主语、谓语、宾语，然后将主动语态的宾语拿来做被动语态的主语；接下来看这个句⼦是什么时态，这个句⼦是什么时态就⽤什么时态的被动语态；最后⽤by将主语引出,有时by短语可省略例如：将下列句⼦变为被动语态1.We call him Tom.主谓宾He is called Tom by us.2.Many people speak English.主谓宾English is spoken by many people.3. I asked her some questions.主谓宾She was asked some questions by me.4.She made her room clean and tidy. 主谓宾Her room is made clean and tidy. 5. They took care of the children.主谓宾The children were taken of by them.6.Lucy and Lily will plant many treesMany trees will be planted next Sunday by Lucy and Lily.7.Jim can play the piano.主谓宾The piano can be played by Jim.三.带有双宾语的句⼦被动语态的变法带有双宾语的句⼦变为被动语态时，⾸先划分句⼦成分找出句⼦的主语、谓语、直宾（⼈是直宾）和间宾（物是间宾），然后主动语态中的直宾和间宾都可⽤来作被动语态的主语，接下来如果是将间宾⽤来作被动语态的主语时，还须在直接宾语前加to 或for注意：介词to或for 的选择与谓语动词有关：与to 连⽤的动词有：give / show / send / bring / read /pass / lend / leave / hand / tell / return / write / pay / throw / wish / teach / promise等；与for 连⽤的动词有：make / buy / do / fetch / get / play / save / order / find 等. （常考的⽼师打有下划线）例如：1. She sent me a dictionary on主谓直宾间宾my birthday.I was sent a dictionary on my birthday.A dictionary was sent to me om my birthday.2.My father bought me a radio主谓直宾间宾yesterday.I was bought a radio yesterday.A radio was bought for me by my father yesterday.四：省略了带to的不定式的句⼦的被动语态的变法省略了带to的不定式的句⼦在变为被动语态时，在这个省略没to的动词前要将to还原上.（像这样的句型有：make sb dosth / see sb do sth / hear sb do sth / let sb do sth / watch sb do sth / notice sb do sth等）例如：1. The story made us laugh.主谓宾We were made to laugh by the story.2. The boss makes the workers work 12主谓宾hours a day.The workers are made to work 12 hours a day by the boss.3. I saw the boy play soccer on the主谓宾将下列句⼦改为被动语态1.We plant trees every spring.2.Many foreigners visit the Great Wall every year.3.Lily and Lucy cleaned the classroom yesterday afternoon.4.Most students like Mr. Wang.5.Many people will visit Beijing next year.6.They use wood to make paper.7.Ann looked after the children well.8.Lily invited me to her birthday party last Sunday.9.A writer translated the book into many languages several years ago.10.My brother can work out the math problem easily.11.We should change clothes often to keep healthy. 12.Scientists may clone humans some day.13.People mustn’t throw rubbish into the river.14.Must we plant more trees to protect the environment?15.Did he plant many trees last year?16.Will she visit Beijing next Sunday?17.Jenny put her clothes in the suitcase yesterday evening.18. Tom saw his sister walk into the room just now.19. We must plant many trees and flowers in our hometown every year.20. He can make paper ships.21. Jane will watch TV tomorrow.22. Though the earthquake destroyed many house, people didn’t lose hope.23. Lily often heard her sister sing in the next room.24. I noticed him read a novel in class.25. The teacher made us understand it. ( ) 26. _ Our hometown is becoming more and more beautiful. _ Sure, many trees ____ every year.A. plantB. is plantC. are plantedD. planted( ) 27. In July, 2016, the 30th Olympic Games _____ in London.A. will be held( ) 28. The task ____ in an hour. Then we can go home and have a good rest.A. was finishedB. will be finishedC. has been finishedD. can’t be finished ( ) 29. _ Where is Betty?_ She ____ on the playground a few minutes ago.A. was seenB. sawC. is seenD. is seeing( ) 30. More than 20 schools ____ in the country next year.A. are builtB. were builtC. have builtD. will be built ( ) 31. Many people learn English because it ____ widely ____ in the world.A. is, usedB. was, usedC. is, usingD. was, using( ) 32. _ People say the subway ____ building in Harbin in a few years.A. will finishB. is finishedC. will be finishD. finished( ) 33. Old people must _____.A. be spoken to politelyB. speak to politeC. be spoken politelyD. speak polite( ) 34. _ What’s wrong with your leg?_ I _____ by a bike when crossing the road.A. hurt( ) 35._ I have some good news to tell you.You _____ as a volunteer for themeeting._ Really? I can’t believe it.( ) 36. _ The shirt looks different from others and it looks nice._ Thanks. It _____ by my mother last month.A. madeB. is madeC. was madeD. makes( ) 37. The young man was often seen_____ by the lake.A. to drawB. to drawingC. drawD. drew( ) 38. _ There is a lot of wind in North China._ Well, more trees ____ every yearto stop the wind.A. must be plantedB. can plantedC. should plantedD. should plant ( ) 38. A lot of meetings were ____ because of the dangerous disease. A. turned off B. set offC. put offD. taken off( ) 39. _ Do you often clean your classroom?_ Yes, our classroom ____ every day.A. cleanB. cleansC. is cleanedD. was cleaned ( ) 40. Don’t worry. You ____ plenty of time to decide.A. will give4。
什么是被动语态和主动语态
什么是被动语态和主动语态被动语态和主动语态是英语中的两种语态形式。
被动语态指的是句子的动作直接作用于主语，而主动语态则是句子的主语直接执行动作。
本文将分别介绍被动语态和主动语态的基本定义、用法和转换规则。
一、被动语态被动语态是在句子中强调动作的接受者，而将动作的执行者放在句子的后部。
被动语态的构成一般由助动词"be"加上过去分词来表示。
下面是几个例子：1. The car was repaired by Tom.（这辆车是汤姆修的。
）2. The letter was written by Mary.（这封信是玛丽写的。
）3. The cake has been eaten.（蛋糕已经被吃了。
）被动语态的使用可以有以下几种情况：1. 当我们不知道动作的执行者或不想提及时，可以使用被动语态。
2. 当我们希望强调动作的接受者时，使用被动语态可使得表达更清晰和准确。
3. 当前一个句子的主语和后一个句子的宾语相同时，可以使用被动语态。
二、主动语态主动语态是句子的主语执行动作的语态形式。
动作的执行者通常位于主语的前面，而动作的接受者作为宾语出现在句子中。
下面是几个例子：1. Tom repaired the car.（汤姆修了那辆车。
）2. Mary wrote the letter.（玛丽写了那封信。
）3. He eats apples every day.（他每天吃苹果。
）主动语态的使用可以有以下几种情况：1. 当我们知道动作的执行者时，使用主动语态可以更直接地表达。
2. 当我们希望强调动作的执行者时，主动语态可以更加明确和突出。
三、被动语态与主动语态的转换在实际应用中，有时需要将被动语态转换为主动语态，或者将主动语态转换为被动语态。
下面是转换的基本规则：1. 将被动语态中的宾语变为主动语态的主语，同时动词转为相应的主语形式。
2. 将被动语态中的被动助动词"be"变为主动助动词或省略。
主动语态和被动语态
主动语态和被动语态语言是人类之间交流的重要工具，通过语言，人们可以表达自己的想法、感受和意愿。
作为语法学中的一个重要部分，语态是描述动作主体与动作目标之间关系的一种语法现象。
在英语中，最常见的语态有主动语态和被动语态。
本文将对主动语态和被动语态进行详细介绍，以及使用这两种语态时的一些注意事项。
一、主动语态主动语态是最为常见的语态形式，它描述的是主语主动执行动作的情况。
在主动语态中，主语是动作的执行者，动作直接作用于宾语。
主动语态的句子结构通常为：主语 + 动词 + 宾语。
例如：1. Tom eats an apple.（汤姆吃一个苹果。
）2. We clean the room.（我们打扫房间。
）3. He writes a letter.（他写一封信。
）主动语态的特点是动作的执行者明确，句子通常比较简洁直接。
通过主动语态，我们可以清晰地表达出动作主体的行为。
二、被动语态被动语态是指动作的接受者或承受者位于主语位置的语态形式。
在被动语态中，主语成为动作的承受者，宾语成为动作的执行者。
被动语态的构成通常为：宾语 + 助动词 be + 过去分词 + 由短语动作的执行者构成的状语。
例如：1. An apple is eaten by Tom.（一个苹果被汤姆吃了。
）2. The room is cleaned by us.（房间被我们打扫了。
）3. A letter is written by him.（一封信被他写了。
）被动语态的特点是强调动作的接受者，对动作的执行者进行了模糊或隐藏。
被动语态常用于以下情况：1. 当我们不知道或不关心动作的执行者时。
例如：The window was broken.（窗户被打破了。
）2. 当动作的执行者显而易见，无需明确指出。
例如：The book was written in French.（这本书是用法语写的。
）3. 当强调动作的接受者时。
例如：The cake was made by my mom.（这个蛋糕是我妈妈做的。
什么是主动语态和被动语态
什么是主动语态和被动语态主动语态和被动语态是英语中的两种动词形式，用以表示谓语动作的主体和承受者。
主动语态强调行为的执行者，而被动语态则强调行为的承受者。
一、主动语态主动语态用于描述主体直接进行或承担的动作。
在主动语态中，主语执行谓语动作。
例句1: He eats an apple.（他吃一个苹果。
）例句2: They are writing a letter.（他们正在写一封信。
）在上述例句中，主语"He"和"They"直接执行了动作"eats"和"writing"。
二、被动语态被动语态用于描述动作的承受者。
在被动语态中，主语成为动作的接受者，谓语动作通过"be"动词和过去分词来表示。
例句1: The apple is eaten by him.（苹果被他吃掉了。
）例句2: A letter is being written by them.（信正在被他们写。
）在上述例句中，动作的承受者成为了主语，动作的执行者则使用"by"短语来表示。
主动语态和被动语态的转换：要将一个句子从主动语态转换为被动语态，需要注意以下几点：1. 主语变为动作的承受者，成为被动语态的主语；2. 谓语动作变为被动语态的谓语，由"be"动词和过去分词构成；3. 如有必要，动作执行者可通过介词"by"或其他方式表示。
举例说明：主动语态：She reads a book.（她读一本书。
）被动语态：A book is read by her.（一本书被她读了。
）主动语态：They will build a house.（他们将要建房子。
）被动语态：A house will be built by them.（房子将会被他们建造。
）在进行句子转换时，还需要注意时态和人称的变化。
英语中的主动语态与被动语态
英语中的主动语态与被动语态英语中有两种语态即：主动语态和被动语态一．概念主动语态：表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者例如：1. Granny takes care of the girl. 奶奶照顾这个小女孩（Granny是动作take care of 的执行者，属主动语态）2. The girl is taken care of by Granny. 小女孩由奶奶照顾（the girl 是动作take care of 的承受者）二.被动语态的构成（1）一般现在时的被动语态be 动词（am / is / are）+过去分词（2）一般过去时的被动语态was / were + 过去分词（3）一般将来时的被动语态will + 过去分词（4）含有情态动词的被动语态Can / may / must / should +过去分词注：在英语中当然不止这四种形式的被动语态，它还有现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时等多种形式的被动语态，但在中考中只考老师呈现的这四种时态的被动语态三.被动语态的用法在将被动语态变为主动语态时，首先划分句子成分找出句子的主语、谓语、宾语，然后将主动语态的宾语拿来做被动语态的主语；接下来看这个句子是什么时态，这个句子是什么时态就用什么时态的被动语态；最后用by将主语引出,有时by短语可省略例如：将下列句子变为被动语态1.We call him Tom.主谓宾He is called Tom by us.2.Many people speak English.主谓宾English is spoken by many people.3. I asked her some questions.主谓宾She was asked some questions by me.4.She made her room clean and tidy. 主谓宾Her room is made clean and tidy. 5. They took care of the children.主谓宾The children were taken of by them.6.Lucy and Lily will plant many trees主谓宾next Sunday.Many trees will be planted next Sunday by Lucy and Lily.7.Jim can play the piano.主谓宾The piano can be played by Jim.三.带有双宾语的句子被动语态的变法带有双宾语的句子变为被动语态时，首先划分句子成分找出句子的主语、谓语、直宾（人是直宾）和间宾（物是间宾），然后主动语态中的直宾和间宾都可用来作被动语态的主语，接下来如果是将间宾用来作被动语态的主语时，还须在直接宾语前加to或for注意：介词to或for 的选择与谓语动词有关：与to 连用的动词有：give / show / send / bring / read /pass / lend / leave / hand / tell / return / write / pay / throw / wish / teach / promise等；与for 连用的动词有：make / buy / do / fetch / get / play / save / order / find 等. （常考的老师打有下划线）例如：1. She sent me a dictionary on主谓直宾间宾my birthday.I was sent a dictionary on my birthday.A dictionary was sent to me om my birthday.2.My father bought me a radio主谓直宾间宾yesterday.I was bought a radio yesterday.A radio was bought for me by my father yesterday.四：省略了带to的不定式的句子的被动语态的变法省略了带to的不定式的句子在变为被动语态时，在这个省略没to的动词前要将to还原上.（像这样的句型有：make sb dosth / see sb do sth / hear sb do sth / let sb do sth / watch sb do sth / notice sb do sth等）例如：1. The story made us laugh.主谓宾We were made to laugh by the story.2. The boss makes the workers work 12主谓宾hours a day.The workers are made to work 12 hours a day by the boss.3. I saw the boy play soccer on the主谓宾playground almost every day.The boy was seen to play soccer on the playground almost everyday.练习题：将下列句子改为被动语态1.We plant trees every spring.2.Many foreigners visit the Great Wall every year.3.Lily and Lucy cleaned the classroom yesterday afternoon.4.Most students like Mr. Wang.5.Many people will visit Beijing next year.6.They use wood to make paper.7.Ann looked after the children well.8.Lily invited me to her birthday party last Sunday.9.A writer translated the book into many languages several years ago.10.My brother can work out the math problem easily.11.We should change clothes often to keep healthy. 12.Scientists may clone humans some day.13.People mustn’t throw rubbish into the river.14.Must we plant more trees to protect the environment?15.Did he plant many trees last year?16.Will she visit Beijing next Sunday?17.Jenny put her clothes in the suitcase yesterday evening.18. Tom saw his sister walk into the room just now.19. We must plant many trees and flowers in our hometown every year.20. He can make paper ships.21. Jane will watch TV tomorrow.22. Though the earthquake destroyed many house, people didn’t lose hope.23. Lily often heard her sister sing in the next room.24. I noticed him read a novel in class.25. The teacher made us understand it. ( ) 26. _ Our hometown is becoming more and more beautiful._ Sure, many trees ____ every year.A. plantB. is plantC. are plantedD. planted( ) 27. In July, 2016, the 30th Olympic Games _____ in London.A. will be heldB. be heldC. is heldD. was held( ) 28. The task ____ in an hour. Then we can go home and have a good rest.A. was finishedB. will be finishedC. has been finishedD. can’t be finished ( ) 29. _ Where is Betty?_ She ____ on the playground a few minutes ago.A. was seenB. sawC. is seenD. is seeing( ) 30. More than 20 schools ____ in the country next year.A. are builtB. were builtC. have builtD. will be built ( ) 31. Many people learn English because it ____ widely ____ in the world.A. is, usedB. was, usedC. is, usingD. was, using( ) 32. _ People say the subway ____ building in Harbin in a few years.A. will finishB. is finishedC. will be finishD. finished( ) 33. Old people must _____.A. be spoken to politelyB. speak to politeC. be spoken politelyD. speak polite( ) 34. _ What’s wrong with your leg?_ I _____ by a bike when crossing the road.A. hurtB. was hurtC. am hurtD. will hurt( ) 35._ I have some good news to tell you.You _____ as a volunteer for themeeting._ Really? I can’t believe it.( ) 36. _ The shirt looks different from others and it looks nice._ Thanks. It _____ by my mother last month.A. madeB. is madeC. was madeD. makes( ) 37. The young man was often seen_____ by the lake.A. to drawB. to drawingC. drawD. drew( ) 38. _ There is a lot of wind in North China._ Well, more trees ____ every yearto stop the wind.A. must be plantedB. can plantedC. should plantedD. should plant ( ) 38. A lot of meetings were ____ because of the dangerous disease. A. turned off B. set offC. put offD. taken off( ) 39. _ Do you often clean your classroom?_ Yes, our classroom ____ every day.A. cleanB. cleansC. is cleanedD. was cleaned ( ) 40. Don’t worry. You ____ plenty of time to decide.A. will giveB. have givenC. will be givenD. are giving学习好资料欢迎下载。
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主动语态和被动语态一、被动语态的用法：1. 一般现在时的被动语态构成： is / am / are + 及物动词的过去分词Our classroom is cleaned every day. 我们教室每天都被打扫。
I am asked to study hard. 我被告知要努力学习。
Knives are used for cutting things. 刀是用来切东西的。
2. 一般过去时的被动语态构成： was / were + 及物动词的过去分词A new shop was built last year. 去年修了一座新商店。
Dinosaur eggs were laid long long ago. 恐龙蛋被放置了很久很久。
3. 一般将来时的被动语态构成：will+ be + 及物动词的过去分词A new hospital will be built in our city. 我们城市将要修建一家新医院。
Many more trees will be planted next year. 明年会种更多的树。
4. 现在进行时的被动语态构成： am / is / are + being + 及物动词的过去分词 Uncle Wang is mending my bike now.→ My bike is being repaired by Tom now. 王叔叔正在修理我的自行车。
They are planting trees over there. → Trees are being plant ed over there by them. 他们在那里种植的树木。
5. 现在完成时的被动语态构成：has / have + been + 及物动词的过去分词 This book has been translated into many languages. 这本书被翻译成多种文字。
Many man-made satellites have been sent up into space by many countries. 在许多国家有许多人造卫星被送上了太空。
6.过去进行时的被动语态构成：was/were + being + 及物动词的过去分词The boy was being operated on when his parents hurried to the hospital.当他的父母赶到医院的时候这个男孩正在做手术。
The new road was being made.这条新路正在修筑。
7.过去完成时的被动语态构成：had + been + 及物动词的过去分词The classroom hadn ’ t been cleaned before the teache r came. 在老师来之前，教室尚未打扫。
The tickets had been sold out before I came to the cinema. 在门票被销售一空前我赶到了电影院。
8.将来完成时的被动语态构成：shall/will + have doneThey will have been married for 20 years by then. 届时，他们结婚将满 20 周年。
The project will have been completed before May.该项目将在五月前完成。
9.含有情态动词的被动语态构成：情态动词 + be + 及物动词的过去分词Young trees must be watered often. 小树需要经常浇水。
Your mistakes should be corrected right now. 你应该现在就改正你的错误。
The door may be locked inside. 这扇门可以反锁。
Your homework can be handed in tomorrow. 你的家庭作业可以明天交。
二、怎样把主动语态改成被动语态? 把主动语态改为被动语态非常简单，可以遵循以下几个步骤： 1. 先找出谓语动词； 2. 再找出谓语动词后的宾语； 3. 把宾语用作被动语态中的主语；4. 注意人称、时态和数的变化。
例：1. Bruce writes a letter every we→A letter is written by Bruce every week.2. Li Lei m ended the broken bike this morning. → The broken bike was mended by Li Lei this morning. 李雷今天上午在修理坏的自行车。
3. He has written two novels so far. → Two novels have been written by him so far. 至今他已写了两部小说。
4. They will plant ten trees tomorrow. → Ten trees will be planted by them tomorrow.5. Lucy is writing a letter now. → A letter is being written by Lucy now. 露西正在写信。
6. You must lock the door when you leave. → the door must be locked when you leave.三、使用被动语态应注意的几个问题：1. 不及物动词无被动语态。
What will happen in 100 years？一百年里会发生什么事？ The dinosaurs disappeared about 65 million years ago. 约 65 万年前恐龙灭绝。
2. 有些动词用主动形式表示被动意义。
This pen writes well. 这支钢笔很好写。
This new book sells well. 这本新书卖的很好。
3. 感官动词或使役动词使用省略 to 的动词不定式，主动语态中不带 to ，但变为被动语态时，须加上 to。
例：Make somebody do something →somebody+ be +made to do something See somebody do something →somebody +be +seen to do something A girl saw my wallet drop when she passed by. → My wallet was seen to drop by a girl when she passed by. 一个女孩看到我的钱夹掉了，当她经过的时候。
The boss made the little boy do heavy work. → The little boy was made to do heavy work by the boss. 这个老板让这小男孩干重活。
4. 如果是接双宾语的动词改为被动语态时，直接宾语（物）做主语，那么动词后要用介词，这个介词是由与其搭配的动词决定。
He gave me a book. →A book wa s given to me by him. 他给了我一本书。
He showed me a ticket. →A ticket was shown to me by him. 他给我展示了一张票。
My father bought me a new bike. → A new bike was bought for me by my father. 5. 一些动词短语用于被动语态时，动词短语应当看作一个整体，而不能丢掉其中的介词或副词。
We can’ t laugh at him. →He can’t be laugh at by us. 我们不能嘲笑他。
He listens to the radio every day. →The radio is listened to by him every day. The nurse is taking care of the sick man.→The sick man is being taken care of by the nurse. 当主句动词是过去时态（could would 除外），从句则要用相应的过去时态，如一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时等；当从句表示的是客观真理，科学原理，自然现象，则从句仍用现在时态。
例如： The teacher told us that Tom had left us for America．5. think believe imagine suppose 等等动词引起的否定性宾语从句中，要把上述主句中的动词变为否定式。
即将从句中的否定形式移到主句中。
例如：We don’t think you are here. 我们认为你不在这。
I don’t believe he will do so. 我相信他不会这样做。
3）表语从句在句中作表语的从句叫表语从句。
引导表语从句的关联词与引导主语从句的关联词大致一样，表语从句位于联系动词后，有时用 as if 引导。
其基本结构为：主语+ 系动词+ that 从句。
例如： Thefact is that we have lost the game. 事实是我们已经输了这场比赛。
That ’ s just what I want. 这正是我想要的。
This is where our problem lies. 这就是我们的问题所在。
That is whyhe didn ’ t come to the meeting. 那就是他为什么不到会的原因。
It looks as if it is going to rain. 看上去天要下雨了。
需要注意的，当主语是 reason 时，表语从句要用 that 引导而不是because。
例如： The reason why he was late was that he missed the train by one minute this morning. 【注意】 whether 可引导表语从句，但与之同义的 if 却通常不用于引导表语从句。
4）同位语从句同位语从句说明其前面的名词的具体内容。
同位语从句通常由 that 引导，可用于同位语从句的名词有 advice、demand、doubt、fact、hope、idea、information、message、news、order、 problem、promise、question、request、suggestion、truth、wish、word 等。