复合不定代词的用法

复合不定代词的用法：

由some, any, every, no, 加thing, body, one构成的词叫不定代词，它们共有12个(其中no one 例外)，即：something, anything, everything, nothing, somebody, anybody, everybody, nobody, someone, anyone, everyone, no one (none).

①something, somebody, someone通常用于肯定句中，something意为“某物，某事”。Somebody, someone意为“某人”。在否定句或疑问句中，他们通常要用anything, anybody, anyone代替。Eg:“I can hear something!”said Lucy,“Does anybody live on this island” Is there anyone on the island Can’t you hear anything

②anything, anybody, anyone用于肯定句中时分别表示不“任何东西，任何事情，任何人”。 Eg: Anybody can do it well.任何人都可以把它做好。 You can take anything if you like.如果你喜欢，可以拿任何东西。

Something, somebody, someone可用在表示请求，建议，反问等语气的疑问句中，问话者往往希望得到肯定答复。

-I someone near us 我们附近有人吗

-No .没人。

-Would you like something to drink 你想要些喝的东西吗

-Yes, please.是的。

③nothing, nobody通常用于肯定句中，表示否定的意思。Nothing意为“没有什么事情，没有东西”，nobody意为“没有人”。

Eg: There’s nobody there.那儿没有人。

There’s nothing in the box.盒子里没有东西。

④ everything, everybody, everyone 通常用于肯定句中，分别表示“一切，每一件事情”，“每人，人人”。

Eg: I believe everybody can. 我相信每个人都能。

Everything is ready. 一切都准备好了。

使用复合不定代词还应注意：

①复合不定代词作主语时，要当作单数对待。

Eg: - Hello, Emily. Is everything OK - Yes, Linda. Everything is fine.

②当形容词或动词不定式修饰复合不定代词时，形容词或动词不定式必须放在复合不定代词之后。

Eg: There’s something wrong with your eyes.

Let’s get something to eat. Today we’re going to have something English.

③反意疑问句中，表示人的复合不定代词(如somebody, anyone等)在陈述句中作主语时，附加问句中主语要用he或they;表示物的复合不定代词(如something, everything等)在陈述句中作主语时，附加问句中的主语要用it.

Eg: Nobody is in the room, is he (aren’t they)

Everything is ready, isn’t it

④注意复合不定代词在否定句中与肯定句中的转换。

No = not … any

Eg: There’s nobody there. = There isn’t anything there.

She didn’t feel like eating anything. = She felt like eating nothing.

Grammar Focus

1.不定代词some, any, no, every与-body, -one ,

以互换。只是用-body时显得较通俗些，多用于口语中，用-one时显得较文雅些，更常见于正式场合及书面语中。

复合不定代词都具有单数的含义，因此通常被看成是单数第三人称。当它们充当句子的主语时，其后的谓语动词用单数形式。

如：

Is everyone here today 今天，大家都到齐了吗

Nothing is difficult if you put your heart into it.

世上无难事，只怕有心人。

Nobody/No one knows his name

There is something or somebody near us.（作主语）

2. 因为some一般用于肯定句，any一般用于否定句或疑问句，no表示完全否定，因此由some, any, no与-one,-body组成的复合代词的用法也一样。somebody，someone，something一般用于肯定句，而anybody，anyone，anything一般用于否定句、疑问句或条件句。

--Did you buy anything special

--Yes, I bought something for my father.

--No, I didn’t buy anything. (I bought nothing)

Someone is singing in the next room.

Does anyone live in the old house

Did you go out with anyone

No one knows his name.

Would you like something to eat

表示邀请时，疑问句里可用something．