最新最全中考被动语态专题(含答案)

语法专题动词的语态Name:___________ Date:__________常考知识清单一1.被动语态的基本结构：be＋动词过去分词2.各种时态的主动被动语态结构（以动词do为例）going to+ bewas/were+ being二、被动语态的用法★被动语态中主语是动作的承受者，主要用于下列几种情况:1.不知道动作的执行者是谁。

*This watch is made in China.2.没有必要指出动作的执行者是谁。

*More trees must be planted every year.3.需要强调或突出动作的承受者时。

*Chinese is spoken by more and more people in the world.世界上越来越多的人说汉语（强调汉语的使用广泛）4.动作的发出者不是人时.*Many houses were washed a way in the flood.常考知识清单二三步曲1.要将主动句里的宾语成分变为被动句中的主语成分，若主动句中的宾语是人称代词，要将宾格变主格。

2.把主动句中的主语变为被动句中的宾语，主格变宾格，并由by引导。

3.谓语动词变成相应的被动形式。

主动语态：动作执行者＋谓语动词主动形式＋动作承受者被动语态：动作承受者＋谓语动词被动形式＋动作执行者*We asked him to sing an English song.*He was asked to sing an English song by us.谓语动词带双宾语时，既可以将间接宾语转化成主语，也可将直接宾语转化成主语。

若将间接宾语转化成主语，则保留直接宾语；若将直接宾语转化成主语则保留间接宾语，且在被保留的间接语前加上介词to或for。

*She gave me a book.（变为被动语态）→I was given a book.（间接宾语me改为主语）许多由不及物动词构成的短语动词，相当于及物动词，可以有宾语，也可以有被动语态。

注意：短语动词是一个不可分割的整体，在变为被动语态时，不可丢掉构成短语动词的介词或副词。

*We should speak to old men politely.（变为被动语态）→*Old men should be spoken to politely.（to不可省略）宾语加上宾语补足语一起构成复合宾语。

变被动语态时，只把宾语变为被动句主语，宾语补足语保留在原处，成为主语补足语。

*I heard Jane playing the piano in her room.（变为被动语态）→*Jane was heard playing the piano in her room.主动句中在感官动词see, hear, watch, feel, notice等及使役动词let, make, here等动词后跟省略to的不定式，变为被动句时，应加上不定式符号to。

*He makes the girl stay at home.（改为被动结构）→The girl is made to stay at home.*Last Sunday we heard them sing Peking Opera in the theatre.（改为同义句）→*They were heard to sing Peking Opera in that theatre last Sunday.常考知识清单三被动语态的一些特殊的运用形式1. open, lock, write, read, sell, clean, wash, cut, burn, drive等词作不及物动词时，它们的主语为物，可用主动语态表被动意义。

*This kind of pen writes very smoothly. 这笔写起来很流畅。

*This kind of shirt sells well here. 这种样式的衬衫在这很好卖。

2. look, sound, taste, smell等系动词主动结构表被动意义。

*Uniforms look ugly on us. 我们穿着制服很难看。

*Mooncakes taste delicious. 月饼吃起来很好。

3. be worth doing中，doing表被动意义。

*This book is worth reading. 这本书值得一读。

4. want/ neet / require+ doing相当于want/need/require+ to be done. to be done 表不定式的被动结构。

*My bike needs repairing.=My bike needs to be repaired 我的自行车需要修理。

1.主动句的宾语是each other或反身代词时，不能用于被动语态。

*The man introduces himself as Mr. White.（主动语态）那个人自我介绍说他是怀特先生。

*Himself was introduced as Mr. White.（误）*They help each other study English.（主动词态）他们互相帮助学习英语。

*Each other is helped study English.（误）2.当主动句的谓语动词是表状态的及物动词时，不能用于被动语态。

*We will have a meeting.（主动语态）我们打算开一个会。

A meeting will be had by us.（误）3.主动句的宾语是不定式或doing时，不能用作被动语态中的主语。

*My brother enjoys watching TV.（主动语态）我弟弟看电视。

Watching TV is enjoyed by my brother.(误)*He asked to have a try.（主动语态）他请求试一次。

To have a try was asked.（误）1.被动语态表示以主语为承受者的动作；而系表结构则表示主语的特点或所处的状态。

*The shop is closed at 9:00 p.m.（动作）这个商店九点钟关门。

*The shop is closed today.（状态）这个商店今天不开门。

2.系表结构中的过去分词常有固定的介词搭配，被动语态结构中则没有。

*Miss Wang is satisfied with us.（系表结构）王老师对我们很满意。

3.系表结构中的过去分词可以被副词修饰。

*She’s so worried about her exams.（系表结构）他非常担心她的考试。

4.系表结构通常只有一般现在时和一般过去时，而被动语态结构可用于多种时态。

【Exercises】Ⅰ.变主动语态为被动语态。

1．We often use a recorder in our English class.2．He wrote a letter to his father last night.3．The teacher gave the pupils some advice.4．I saw the boy run yesterday.5．The workers are repairing the bridge.6．People have seen the wolf in this village.7．We must keep our room clean and tidy.8．You can play with these lovely dogs.9．They threw away the old map yesterday.10．I think that e is right.11．He told me that he would come back soon.Ⅱ.变被动语态为主动语态。

1．I am not taught, me.2．We were not heard. They us.3．He will not heard. We .4．He would not be taken to Beijing. They to Beijing. 5．The car is not being repaired now. He now. 6．The trousers were not being mended then. MotherThen.7．The picture has not been finished yet. They yet. 8．The bad food had not been thrown. He the bad food.9．The reading-room must be cleaned. You . Ⅲ.选择填空。

1．He by the teachers.A．is always praised B．praisesC．have been praised D．always is praised2．Great changes place, Many new schools .A．have taken, have been opened B．take, are openC．are taken, open D．have been taken, are opened3．Before liberation my mother was made from morning till night.A．to work B．work C．working D．worked 4．A new play on TV. It again next Saturday.A．is shown, will show B．shows, will be shownC．is being shown, will be shown D．showed, will show5．A lot of differences between the two languages.A．can be found B．can find C．would to find D．is found 6．He some pieces of advice, but he to them.A．gave, didn’t listen B．was given, wasn’t listenedC．gave, wasn’t listened D．was given, didn’t listen7．The First World War in 1914.A．was broke out B．broke out C．was broken D．was happened 8．People can running everywhere. Why they ?A．see, are, run B．see, will, runC．be seen, do, run D．be seen, are, running9．When water , it will be changed into vapour. (蒸汽)A．is heated B．heating C．has heated D．heats 10．Paper money for over a thousand years.A．used B．has been used C．has used D．will operate 11．He if the doctor thinks it is necessary.A．will be operated B．will operate on C．will be operated on D．will operate 12．It in two hours.A．isn’t finshed B．can’t be finished C．can’t finish D．isn’t finishing 13．The picture in October, 1994.A．was taking B．had been taken C．was taken D．had taken 14．Great changes in the city, and a lot of factories .A．have been taken place; have been set up B．have taken place; have been set up C．have taken place; have set up D．were taken place; were wet up15．The war in 1920.A．broke out B．had been broken ourC．was broken out D．had broken out16．The novel into four foreign languages.A．has translated B．is translated C．has been translated D．is translating 17．The story throughout the town now.A．is told B．was told C．has been told D．is being told 18．No permission has for anybody to enter the building.A．been given B．gave C．given D．be have 19．His car tomorrow.A．will be repaired B．is repairedC．is being repaired D．has been repaired20．The police found the house and lots of things .A．has broken into; has been stolen B．had broken into; had been stolenC．has been broken into; stolen D．had been broken into; stolen21．They day and night.A．are made work B．are made to workC．made to be worked D．are making to work22．Some questions by his teacher.A．are asking him B．are being asked by himC．are being asked to him D．are being asked him23．The watch last month.A．was bought B．had been boughtC．bought D．has been bought24．I the way to the railway station by a policeman.A．was shown B．showed C．have shown D．was showing 25．The year four seasons.A．has been divided into B．is divided intoC．has divided into D．was divided intoⅣ.英译汉。