研究生英语考试复习

2.3 How to occupy the gap/need (Move3a)
• 1) Outlining purpose (obligatory)
• The aim/purpose/objective/goal of this paper is to… • This paper aims at…/intends to…
2. 1 What’s the focus of the Literature Review
a) Methodology b) Outcome/findingsFra Baidu bibliotekc) Theory d) Application e) … …
• literature review may
• Indicate who the main writers are in a particular area • Evaluate previous studies • Identify a gap in previous study. • Provide a clear theoretical framework
• Define your terms, drawing on other writers’ definition
2.1 How to organize the reviewed items?
The body of the review depends on how you have organized your key points. Typical ways of organizing the sources into a review:
研究生英语考试复习 ——PPT整理
By Sherry
（根据郎老师ppt内容整理）
1. Introduction
• 1.Structure of Introduction • 2.1 How exactly do you write “opening sentences” • 2.2 Types of a gap/need • 2.3 How to occupy the gap/need
• 3) Counter-claiming
• A conflicting claim, theory or method is put forward.
2.2 language strategies (Move 2)
① Use negative subjects ② Negative Verbs ③ Negative Adjectives ④ Contrastive statements ⑤ Raising a Question
2. Literature Review
• 1.3 Function of literature review • 2.1 How to organize the reviewed items? • 2. 1 What’s the focus of the Literature Review
1.3 Function of literature review
usually more than one of the above elements
Attention to “funnel” structure
2.2. Types of a gap/need (Move 2)
• 1) Indicate a gap(weakness of the previous study)
• 2) Continuing a previously developed line of enquiry
• Building on work already done, but taking it further by
• ① extending the area studied • ② improving the current… • ③ using a new sample/method
•CARS (Create-a-Research-Space) model
2.1 How exactly do you write “opening sentences” (Move 1a)?
① the general statement of related social background ② Problem of something ③ problem with solution ④ Application ⑤ Beneficial properties of the research target ⑥ Active research activity ⑦ Term explanation of your field (e.g. chemical names, definitions, species names) ⑧ ……
• Chronological • Trend • Importance/value/authority • Classification • Relationship with the paper • Problem and solution • Comparison and contrast •……
• 2) State the nature/focus/thesis of the present research • 3) Announcing method of present research. • 4) Announcing principle findings • 5) Outline of the Research • 6) Value of Research
1.Structure of Introduction
• Swales and Feak (1994) postulated a 3-move structure of research paper introductions, as shown below.
Necessity of further research (obligatory)