上海市普陀区2019届高三英语一模
2019-2020学年普陀中学高三英语模拟试卷及答案
2019-2020学年普陀中学高三英语模拟试卷及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AWhat good films are coming out in March? Here are four films to watch this March.MulanIt’s another live-action remake of a classic Disney cartoon. It is based on an ancient Chinese girl who dresses up herself as a man so that she can join the army.Director Niki Caro and the actors show us wonderful battle scenes and Chinese Kung Fu.OnwardDragons, unicorns (独角兽) and other creatures are usually considered to only exist in ancient Greece, but in Onward, they are all still alive and kicking in the UStoday. Onward is about two brothers who go on a road trip in order to bring their father back from the dead. It is such a perfect film that it’s worth spending a few hours in the cinema.RadioactiveRadioactive tells us about a famous Polish-French scientist, Marie Curie who won the Nobel Prize twice but was finally killed by the radiation she studied. In the film. Curie is played by Rosamund Pike alongside Sam Riley as her husband Pierre Curie and Anya Taylor-Joy as their daughter Irene.MisbehaviorThe Miss World Beauty Contest may be out of fashion, but it used to be one of television’s biggest events.Misbehaviortells what happened when the event was staged at the Royal Albert hall in London in 1970. There could hardly be a more interesting topic for a film, even if it was set 50 years ago.1. What do we know about Onward?A. It praises a woman fighter.B. It is a Chinese story.C. It focuses on animal protection.D. It is a film about magic.2. Who does Rosamund Pike play?A. A soldier.B. A killer.C. A scientist.D. A designer.3. Which of the following films is set in the UK?A. Misbehavior.B. Onward.C. Radioactive.D. Mulan.BKenyan mother Beth Mwende heard her sleeping child cry out, but did not worry after the three-year-old quickly quietened down. The next morning, however, she found her daughter, Mercy, nearly unconscious with two bite marks in the neck. “I didn’t know that it was a snake,” Mwende said.Although snakebites are common in her hometown, antivenom medication is difficult to get. Mwende lives about 160 kilometers east of Nairobi, Kenya’s capital. So she took her daughter to a traditional healer. He placed stones over the bites. Mercy died within hours. She was one of about 700 Kenyans killed by snakebites each year, notes a report in the scientific publicationToxicon.The Kenya Snakebite Research and Intervention Center (KSRIC) is working to change that. The KSRIC hopes to have East Africa’s first antivenom medication on the market within five years. It estimates the cost will be about 30 percent of an imported product, which often sells for about US $ 30.More than 70, 000 people are bitten in East Africa each year. Climate change and deforestation are worsening the problem as snakes get pushed out of natural surroundings into populated areas.Nearly 100 snakes live at the research center in a forest near Nairobi. Researchers take venom from snakes and study it before injecting small amounts into other animals, such as sheep. The animals then create antibodies that can be made into antivenom.“Up to now, no one has made any kind of antivenom in Kenya,’’ said Geoffrey Maranga Kepha, a senior snake handler.Two effective antivenoms are available in Kenya, from India and Mexico, the center says.The center is teaching communities that using antivenom immediately after receiving a snakebite can save lives, said head researcher George Adinoh.“After seeing how people died in Kenya from snakebites I decided to devote my life to coming up with a rescue measure that will help or prevent people from dying from snakebites,” snake handler Kepha added.4. How does the author introduce the topic of the text?A. By telling a story.B. By listing figures.C. By referririg to documents.D. By making a comparison.5. Why did Mwende take her daughter to a traditional healer?A. She couldn’t afford any modern treatment.B. She lived where antivenom medication is not available.C. The traditional way is very effective to treat snakebites.D. She believed a traditional healer could cure her daughter.6. What is causing more snakebites to happen in East Africa?A. Lack of antivenom medication.B. Environmental damage and climate change.C. People’s low awareness of the danger of snakes.D. People’s pursuit of traditional cures for snakebites.7. What do we know about antivenom in Kenya from the text?A. Itis taken from antibodies of sheep.B. There is only one effective antivenom available.C. KSRIC is trying to develop a local antivenom now.D. People refuse to use antivenom after being bitten by snakes.CIt is not only praise or punishment that determines a child's level of confidence.There are some other important ways we shape our kids — particularly by giving instructions and commands in a negative or positive choice of words.For example, we can say to a child “Don't run into traffic！” or “Stay on the footpath close to me.” In using the latter, you will be helping your kids to think and act positively, and to feel competent in a wide range of situations, because they know what to do, and aren't scaring themselves with what not to do.Actually, it is all in the way the human mind works.What we think, we automatically rehearse.For example, if someone offered you a million dollars not to think of a blue monkey for two minutes, you wouldn't be able to do it.When a child is told “Don't fall off the tree，” he will think of two things：“don't” and “fall off the tree”. That is, he will automatically create the picture of falling off the tree in his mind.A child who is vividly imagining falling off the tree is much more likely to fall off.So it is far better to use “Hold on to the tree carefully.”Clear, positive instructions help kids to understand the right way to do things.Kids do not always know how to be safe, or how to react to the warning of the danger in negative words.So parents should make their commands positive.“Sam, hold on firmly to the side of the boat” is much more useful than “Don't you dare to fall out of the boat？” or “How do you think I'll feel if you drown？” The changes are small but the difference is obvious.Children learn how to guide and organize themselves from the way we guide them with our words, so it pays to be positive.8. Positive choice of words helps kids to ________.A. learn in different situationsB. do things carefullyC. build up their confidenceD. improve their imagination9. What can we infer from Paragraph 2?A. A child will act on what is instructed.B. One can't help imagining what is heard.C. A child will fall off the tree when told not to.D. One won't think of a blue monkey when given money.10. Which of the following commands helps kids to be safe?A. How do you think I'll feel if you get hurt?B. Don't play by the lake.C. Don't you dare to walk through the red light?D. Fasten your seat belt.11. The main idea of the passage is that ________.A. positive instructions guide kidsB. praise makes kids confidentC right instructions keep kids safe D. clear commands make kids differentDHumans have found an easy way to tell if others are lying. Recent research shows that the best way so far is being clever at how you ask questions and listen to the answers.Much of this research is based on the idea that telling a lie is simply harder mental work than telling the truth. Making up a story takes more effort than simply recording something that happened. And like a writer, a liar has to keep all the unreal details in his memory and sound believable when he explains them.One method that seems to work is asking them to tell their story in reverse order. This is harder when the story isn't true and makes it easier for you to tell they are lying. An even more basic way that helps is to just ask more questions, especially unexpected ones. Truth-tellers can easily find more to say, but it's a challenge for a liar to come up with something that's not in his prepared story.Researchers suggest that you shouldn't lay all your cards on the table at the start, but only gradually present what proof you have. The liars' stories may not agree with that proof, making it clear that they're lying.So it looks like there are ways to increase the chances of catching a liar; we've just been basing our methods on the wrong stories. Low-tech ways of causing people to make mistakes in conversation seem to work better than any science about eye movement or machines used to recognize a liar. To find a liar, watch less and listen more. 12. Why does the author mention the writer?A. To show it's hard to make up lies.B. To show it's hard to recognise a liar.C. To show writers know liars best.D. To show writers are very clever.13. What do we know about liars?A. They often have much to say.B. They often ask many questions.C. They usually prepare a made-up story.D. They usually feel good about themselves.14. What advice is given to help people catch liars?A. Asking them to set their stories down.B. Presenting your proof one by one.C. Telling different stories to them.D. Letting them ask questions.15. Which can be the best title for the text?A. Why People LieB. How to Stop People LyingC. Low-tech Ways to Find a LiarD. LiarsAre Smarter than Thought第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2019-2020学年普陀中学高三英语第一次联考试题及答案
2019-2020学年普陀中学高三英语第一次联考试题及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AMy wife Hilary andI were on the beach, with three of our children, taking pictures of shore birds near our home in Alaska when we saw a bear. The bear was thin and small, moving aimlessly.Just a few minutes later, I heard my daughter shouting, “Dad! The bear is right behind us!" An aggressive bear will usually rush forward to frighten away its enemy but would suddenly stop at the last minute. This one was silent and its ears pinned back the sign of an animal that is going in for the kill. And it was a cold April day. Thebear behaved abnormally, probably because of hunger.I held my camera tripod(三脚架)in both hands to form a barrier as the bear rushed into me. Its huge head was level with my chest and shoulders, and the tripod stuck across its mouth. It bit down and I found myself supporting its weight. I knew 1 would not be able to hold it for long.Even so, this was a fight I had to win: I was all that stood between the bear and my family, who would stand little chance of running faster than a brown bear.The bear hit at the camera, cutting it off the tripod. I raised my left arm to protect my face; the beast held tightly on the tripod and pressed it into my side. My arm could not move, and I sensed that my bones were going to break.Drawing back my free hand, I struck the bear as hard as I could for five to six times. The bear opened its mouth and I grasped its fur, trying to push it away. I was actually wrestling with the bear at this point. Then, as suddenly as it had begun, the fight ended. The bear moved back towards-the forest,before returning for another attack the first time I felt panic.Obviously satisfied that we caused no further threat, the bear moved off, destroying a fence as it went. My arm was injured, but the outcome for us could hardly have been better. I'm proud that my family remained clear-headed when panic could have led to a very different outcome.1. How did the writer feel when faced with the brown bear?A. Fearful but confident.B. Nervous but brave.C. Upset but determined.D. Awful but hopeful.2. The bear finally went away after itA. got injuredB. felt safeC. found some foodD. took away the camera3. What does the author want to tell us?A. We should keep calm when troubles comeB. We should rise to the challenge when faced with difficulties.C. We should not risk ourselves in some dangerous areas.D. We should learn to take advantage of anything at hand when in trouble.BSonja Redding and her family were on their way home to Omaha, Nebraska, after a weeklong visit to Washington, D. C. with her two sons, one of whom, 5-year-old Xayvior, has autism(自闭症).Although all of the other flights had gone fine, Xayvior became angry during one of the flights, and Redding couldn’t calm him.“It felt like everyone on the plane was looking at us and got angry with my son, ” she wrote in a Facebook post after she got home. “I don’t know what to do when others just don’t understand that he is not just a kid with no discipline(自制力)，but a child with special needs who doesn’t know how to control himself.”The day was saved by Delta flight attendant(空乘人员)Amanda Amburgy. She tried to help Xayvior watch a movie, but when that failed, she offered to take him on a tour of the airplane.That worked, and soon the child was not only calm, but having a good time.“When they came back, Xayvior was much calmer and happier,” wrote Redding in the post，which now has 2,700 likes and over 500 shares. “I want to thank this Delta attendant. She didn’t judge, and she just showed love. We need more people like this in the world. ”It wasn’t long before Amburgy was told about the post.“ We’re there to help, and that’s what we want to do,” she said in an interview. “So, we always want to make anything easier for the family as well as other passengers.”She also shared what she felt when she read Redding’s story. “When I read it, it touched my heart. It’s something I would do for anyone on the plane, because that’s what I’m here for. It really made a difference in her life.”4. How did Redding feel on the plane?A. Tired.B. Uncomfortable.C. Very angry.D. Deeply afraid.5. What did Amburgy do to help the family?A. She asked the family to stay beside her.B. She asked the other passengers for help.C. She tried her best to calm the boy.D. She helped look after the other boy.6. Why did Redding post the story?A. To show her thanks.B. To help kids with autism.C. To get in touch with Amburgy.D. To share her travel experience.7. Which of the following words can best describe Amburgy?A. Proud.B. Honest.C. Hard-working.D. Warm-hearted.CWhat a day! I started at my new school this morning and had the best time. I made lots of new friends and really liked my teachers. I was nervous the night before, but I had no reason to be. Everyone was so friendly and polite. They made me feel at ease. It was like I'd been at the school for a hundred years!The day started very early at 7:00 am. I had my breakfast downstairs with my mom. She could tell that I was very nervous. Mom kept asking me what was wrong. She told me I had nothing to worry about and that everyone was going to love me. If they didn't love me, Mom said to send them her way for a good talking to. I couldn't stop laughing.My mom dropped me off at the school gates about five minutes before the bell. A little blonde girl got dropped off at the same time and started waving at me. She ran over and told me her name was Abigail. She was very nice and we became close straight away. We spent all morning together and began to talk to another girl called Stacey. The three of us sat together in class all day and we even made our way home together! It went so quickly. Our teacher told us that tomorrow we would really start learning and developing new skills.I cannot wait until tomorrow and feel as though I am really going to enjoy my time at my new school. I only hope that my new friends feel the same way too.8. How did the author feel the night before her new school?A. Tired.B. ConfidentC. Worried.D. homesick9. What did the author think of her mother’s advice?A. Clear.B. Funny.C. OptionalD. Respectable10. What happened on the author's first day of school?A. She met many nice people.B. She had a hurried breakfast.C. She learned tome new skills.D. She arrived at school very early.11. What can we infer about Abigail?A. She disliked Stacey.B. She was shy and quiet.C. She got on well with the author.D. She was an old friend of the author.DWhen I was a boy, there was but one permanent ambition among my comrades in our village on the west bank of Mississippi River. That was, to be a steamboat man. We had temporary ambitions of other sorts, but they were only temporary.My father was a justice of the peace, and I supposed he possessed the power of life and death over all men and could hang anybody that offended him. This was distinction enough for me as a general thing；butthe desire to be a steamboat man kept intruding, nevertheless. One of our boys in town, who went away and was not heard of for-a long time, turned up as apprentice engineer on a steamboat. This thing shook the bottom out of all my Sunday—school teachings. That boy was notoriously worldly, and I was just the opposite. There was nothing generous about this fellow in his greatness. He would always manage to have a rusty nail to scrub while his boat stopped at our town, and he would sit on the inside guard and scrub it, where we could all see him. And wherever his boat was laid up he would come home and show off in the town in his blackest and greasiest clothes, so that nobody could help remembering that he was a steamboat man; and he used all sorts of steamboat technical terms in his talk, as if he were so used to them that he forgot common people could not understand them.This creature's career could produce but one result, and it was speedily followed. Boy after boy managed to get on the river. Despite many choices, pilot was the grandest position of all. The pilot, even in those days of trivial wages, had a princely salary—from 150—250 dollars a month, and no board payment.But our parents would not let us and our worry was the next year would find us hunting for jobs with low pay again. So by and by I ran away. I said I never would come home again till I was a pilot and could come in glory.12. Why does the writer mention his father's job in Paragraph 2?A. To show that his father was in power.B. To show that his father is cruel.C. To emphasize the job he prefers.D. To emphasize his love for his father.13. Which of the following can best conclude the writer's attitude toward the boy?A. He thought the boy was material but pitiful.B. He thought the boy was annoying but still envied him.C. He thought the boy was shallow but knowledgeable.D. He thought the boy was disrespectful but still liked him.14. Which of the following statements is Not True?A. The boy talked in a way to make others feel jealous.B. The boy's experience made other boys follow suit.C. The pilot's salary was ly high but without meals covered.D. The writer was ambitious to make his childhood dream come true.15. What rhetorical method does the underlined sentence have?A. Simile.B. Personification.C. Parallelism.D. Irony.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2019-2020学年普陀区中远实验学校高三英语一模试卷及答案
2019-2020学年普陀区中远实验学校高三英语一模试卷及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ATop Music Festivals in 2021CoachellaSelling out fast every year, the Indio desert becomes a fashionable place where the coolest bands are watched by trendy people and celebrities. Near the top of everyone's bucket list of festivals, Coachella is a constant source of annual expectation and a hotbed for musical discussion.When &. where: April 9-11 &. 16-18, 2021; IndioUltra Music FestivalSeen as the ultimate gathering for electronic music fans across the nation and globe, the streets of Miami turn into a and bumping party with popular DJs playing what will be the sounds of summer.When & where: March 26-28, 2021; MiamiSouth By South WestRegarded as the ultimate trend-setter and launcher of careers, SXSW is an annual showcase of music, films and interactive highlights enjoyed through performances, showcases, talks, screenings and more. Virtually taking over the city of Austin, everyone in the world of music from fans to media flock here to discover the next big thing.When &, where: March 16-20, 2021; AustinThe Governors Ball Music FestivalAnother event which proves the music loving potential of Randall's Island Park is Governors Ball, an exciting and infectious mix of rock, hip-hop, electronic, pop and folk. Providing a variety of music and food tastes, whether you look to kick back and relax or dance to the beats, Governors Ball has what you want.When & where: June 11-14, 2021; New York1.Which music festival lasts the most days?A.CoachellaB.Ultra Music Festival.C.South By South WestD.The Governors Ball Music Festival.2.What is special about Ultra Music Festival?A.It's held in a park.B.It features electronic musicC.It's a gathering of popular DJs.D.It's the most popular in the country.3.Which city could you go if you love both music and movies?A.Indio.B.Miami.C.AustinD.New York.BI got my first bike when I was nine years old. Jimmy, the bike, was my first love. I rode it everywhere. The suburb, the back lanes, the fields and forests, the river paths and swampland were far more exciting than any adventure novel or television series.There’s nothing quite like the relationship between a child and his bicycle and the endless happiness two wheels and a pair of strong legs offer. No video or computer game can replace the liberation of being alone on a bicycle.As parents, to deny children the simple pleasure of riding a bike is a failure of our responsibilities to raise independent and stable young citizens. We should offer our children a healthy alternative to hours in front of an addictive screen. Studies have shown that cycling promotes not only muscle growth but brain growth. Guess which country has children with the best mental health outcomes and is regularly the top of listings of the happiest young people. No surprise it’s theNetherlands, the unquestioned leader among industrial countries in encouraging bicycle use.Our dependence on cars has degraded the public transport system, polluted our sky, led to the untimely death of thousands every year, and denied children safe access to their suburbs. A recent study found that 69% of children were accompanied to school. The same study found that a similar number of parents drove to work.In some regions ofJapan, when children start their first year of school, parents are expected to walk with them for the first few weeks, introducing them to residents and shopkeepers along the chosen route, letting the community take care of these children. However, driving children to school isproscribed. Children can choose to ride a bike or walk to school after they are familiar with the community, and it’s the community’s role to keep them safe.Therefore, I strongly advise the government to provide better infrastructure (基础设施). Build separated cycle lanes, decrease speed limits, and design street scapes that favour people over cars. The results will be less pollution, quieter suburbs, a healthier population and, best of all, happy and independent children.4. What can we infer about the author from the text?A. He was addicted to computer games.B. He liked taking adventurous trips in nature.C. He had great fun exploring the outside by cycling.D.He got his first birthday present at the age of nine.5. Why does the author mention theNetherlandsin Paragraph 3?A. To introduce his good way of raising independent children.B. To illustrate the great influence riding has on mental health.C. To stress the importance of being physically and mentally healthy.D. To explain cycling does best in city development in theNetherlands.6. What does the underlined word “proscribed” in Paragraph 5 probably mean?A. Recommended.B. Protected.C. Delayed.D. Forbidden.7. How does the author mainly support his idea?A. By analyzing causes.B. By listing examples.C.By giving definitions.D. By analyzing scientific data.C36-year-old Juan Dual likes to joke that he’s empty inside. Juan’s story began when he was only 13. It was then that he was diagnosed with a terrible disease, which left him with a 99.8% chance of developing cancer of the digestive system. At age 19, right after finishing high-school, Juan underwent a tough operation to take away his colon and rectum. Sadly, it was only the beginning. By age 28, Juan’s disease had affected his stomach and gallbladder so he had to go under the knife again.Having just recovered from several serious surgeries, Juan Dual decided to accept the invitation of some friends of his parents and travel to Japan. It was there that things started to change for the better. He didn’t speak a word of Japanese, so he spent most of his time walking his dog. One day, the dog pulled harder, and Juan realized that he was still able to jog, and he started to do just that.Months later, he found himself working in a small, peaceful town in England. There was little in terms of entertainment, but the town was surrounded by hills, so he devoted even more of his time to running. He befriended some like-minded folks and told them what he’d been through, and they seemed amazed at the fact that he was still alive, let alone that he was pushing himself to exercise. That’s when the idea of focusing on motivating others took root in his mind.With the help of Pepa, a nutritionist, Juan Dual slowly relearned how to eat to keep his energy level highenough to sustain him during physical activity. Eight months after his last operation, he finished the Barcelona half marathon in two hours. He then started training for mountain running and ultra-marathons.8. Why does Juan Dual say he is empty inside?A. Because he has no desire for anything.B. Because he doesn’t have much knowledge.C. Because he always suffers from great hunger.D. Because many of his organs have been removed.9. What made Juan Dual aware that he could still run?A. His parents’ support.B. A walk with his dog.C. The idea of challenging himself.D. His quick recovery from surgeries.10. When did Juan Dual decide to inspire others with his story?A. After finishing the Barcelona half marathon.B After being introduced to a nutritionist named Pepa.C. After sharing it with his friends in an English town.D. After making friends with people with similar sufferings.11. Which of the following words can best describe Juan Dual?A. Ambitious and intelligent.B. Inspiring and responsible.C. Unfortunate but determined.D. Confident but stubborn.DHoneybees can’t swim, and when their wings are wet, they can’t fly, either. But Chris Roh and other researchers at the California Institute of Technology found that when bees drop into bodies of water, they can use their wings toproduce little waves and slide toward land-like surfers who create and then ride their own waves.As with many scientific advances-IsaacNewton’s apple or Benjamin Franklin’s lightning bolt-Dr. Roh’s experiment began with a walk. Passing Caltech’s Millikan Pond in 2016, he observed a bee on the water’s surface producing waves. He wondered how an insect known for flight could push itself through water.Dr. Roh and his co-worker, Morteza Gharib, used butterfly nets to collect localPasadenahoneybees and observed their surf-like movements. The researchers used a wire to restrict each bee’s bodily movement, allowing close examination of their wings. They found that the bee bends its wings at a 30-degree angle, pulling up water and producing a forward force. Bees get trapped on the surface because water is roughly three times heavier than air. But that weight helps to push the bee forward when its wings move quickly up and down. It’s a tough exercise for the bees, which the researchers guess could handle about 10 minutes of the activity.The researchers said the surf-like movement hasn’t been documented in other insects and most semiaquatic insects use their legs forpropulsion, which is known as water-walking. It may have evolved in bees, they-predicted.Dr. Roh and Dr. Gharib have imagined many practical applications for bees’ surfing. One plan is to use their observations to design robots able to travel across sky and sea. “This could be useful for search and rescues, or for getting samples of the surface of the ocean, if you can’t send a boat or helicopter,” Dr. Gharib said.12. What does the author intend to show by mentioningNewtonandFranklin?A. Roh’s admiration for them.B. Roh’s chance discovery about bees.C. Their outstanding talent for science.D. Their similar achievements in discovery.13. What plays the most vital role in a bee’s moving forward on water?A. The air weight.B. Its leg extension.C. The water movement.D. Its continuous wingbeat.14. What does the underlined word “propulsion” in Paragraph 4 mean?A. Fast flightB. Driving force.C. Pulling speed.D. Explosive power.15. What does the text mainly tell us?A. Honeybees can surf to safety.B. Bees help scientists make inventions.C. Insects can adapt to the environment.D. Nature is a helpful guide for discovery.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2019年英语一模普陀区
普陀区2018学年度第一学期初三质量调研英语试卷20191.Part 2 Phonetics, Grammar and vocabularyI. Choose the best answer.26.Which of the following underlined parts is different in pronunciation from othersA.We can add some sound effect when creating a comic strip.B.The guy was caught soon after the robbery.C.The man removes the fish from the birds mouths.D.Excuse me, can you tell me where the hospital is?27.Carter lives in a small village and makes ________ living by teaching the kids painting.A. aB. anC. theD. /28.We should take actions to reduce the haze （雾霾） because it does harm _______ our health.A .with B. to C. on D. for29.Two engineers in the company started a new project while _________ were finishing the old one.A. otherB. othersC. the otherD. the others30.Alice has the habit of doing morning exercises, even __________ Winter days.A. withB. onC. ofD. by31.Jack wrote two reports, but _________ o f them was helpful for us to solve the problems.A. bothB. neitherC. allD. none32.Mr. Smith’s response to the news made Jerry _________ how bad the situation was.A. realizeB. to realizeC. realizedD. realizing33.I looked at a few printers, and among them the one from China was __________ to use.A. easyB. easierC. easiestD. the easiest34.My cousin ________ s everal prizes for designing since he became an architect.A. gainsB. gainedC. has gainedD. was gaining35.Rony will get a chance to work in this company _________ he doesn’t pass the interview.A. unlessB. whenC. ifD. after36. ______ useful app Kitty designed for the old to call a taxi!A. WhatB. What aC. What anD. How37. ______ it with your class teacher if you can’t make the decision yourselves.A. DiscussB. DiscussingC. To discussD. Discussed38.Would you mind ________ m e add some speech bubbles for the cartoons?A. helpB. helping C helped D. to help39.Reading is interesting and it also enables us __________ the world around us.A. understandB. understandingC. understoodD. to understand 40. --- can you hold your breath when you use diving?---Only one minute.A. How farB. How manyC. How longD. How many times41.The Wilsons _________ i n Germany for twenty years before they moved to China.42. To observe the wild animals, the scientists hid behind the tree and _________ silent. 43. The shopping mall ________ go through fire control safety check, or it can't start business.A. canB. may 44. --- __________________ .---I ’m so sorry to hear that.A. May passed the driving test.C. Sam has got a serious stomachache 45. ---I think keeping pet dogs is a good idea. I can learn life and death from it._______ . It can help us become more responsible people.A. I think so, too.B. So do I.C. That's a good idea III. Complete the following passage with the words in the box. Each can only be used once.A. ratherB. varietyC. research My job is to study languages. Here's an interesting story about my ______ 46 ____ work. One evening, I invited a group of friends to my house, telling them that I was going to record each one's speech and it would take only a few minutes. They sat down ____________ 47____ nervously when they saw a microphone in front of each chair and a recorder in the middle of the floor. I explained that there was only one small _____ 48 ____ for them. That was to count from one to twenty. Then we could relax and have a drink.Each of them in turn counted from one to twenty. When it was over, I turned the recorder off and brought round the drinks. Then we started to talk and joke happily. The rest of the evening was spent _____________ 49 ___ in relaxation.A. naturalB. apologizedC. simpleD. imaginedE. connectedBut, in fact, I hadn ’t ____ 50 ____ t he microphones to the recorder in the middle of the room but to another one inthe bedroom. My friends saw the recorder before them turned off and paid no more attention to the microphones a few inches from them. And when they were talking freely, the recorder got the most ___________ 51 ____ piece of talk.When the recording was over, I _____ 52 ___ to my friends for what had happened to them and asked them whether I should destroy the tape. None of them wanted me to as they knew getting excellent materials for my study was not a 53 job. But for some years after that, it always seemed that when it came to buying drinks, it was I who paid for them.IV. Complete the sentences with the given words in proper forms.54. In the film, the soldier with super power killed most of his __________ a nd won the battle. (enemy)55. The People's Republic of China will celebrate its _________ birthday next year. (seventy)56. I shared my calculator with Jim in the maths lesson as he had left __________ at home.(he)57. This part of the wall is _________ u sed to display the students' paintings. (main)58. The good result of the physical examination let his worries __________ i mmediately. ( appear)59. Lisa was amazed that the students understood the __________ of the poem so well. （mean ）60. On the school open day, we decorated our classrooms with __________ balloons. （colour ）61. We have achieved great _________ in our programme, thanks to everybody's hard work. （succeed ）A. liveB. have livedC. were livingD. had lived A. keep B. keeps C. kept D. was keepingC. needD. mustB. Please put on more clothes D. I need another 5 minutes D. That ’s all rightD. taskE. completelyV. Complete the following sentences as required.62.A model student in our school set up a group on protecting the environment. （改为一般疑问句） a model student inour school ________________________________ up a group on protecting the environment?63.The clerks in the office don’t know the number to open the safe. （改为反意疑问句） The clerks in the office don’ tknow the number to open the safe, ___________________________________________ ?64.Mr. Mei teaches at the Beijing Opera Club three times a week.对划线部分提问）does Mr. Mei teach at the BeijingOpera Club?65.Ben was too excited to fall asleep before the birthday party.保持句意基本不变）Ben was ________ excited ________ he couldn't fall asleep before the birthday party.66.Tony thought of some interesting characters before he created a new $1。
2019年上海市普陀区高考英语一模试卷
2019年上海市普陀区高考英语一模试卷I.ListeningComprehension（略）II.GrammarandvocabularySectionA10%1．（10分）TheBestBookI'veEverReadFrankly，Ihavereadnearlyallofthegreatworksofliterature，butnobookhaseverimpressedmeasdeeplyordirectly（1）JoelStein'sManMade：AStupidQuestforMasendinity．Haven'tweall，onsomelevel，beenJewishboysinNewJerseyin（2）1970swithonlyfemalefriends，anEasy﹣Bakeovenandastrongpreferenceforshowtunes？Haven'tweallhadapanicattack（3）learningwe'regoingtohaveason，sincethatmeanswe'regoingtohavetofigureouthowtothrowfootballs，watchotherpeoplethrowfootballsanddecide（4）tobehappyorsadabouttheresultsoffootballthrowing？Haven'tweallthentriedtocorrectourlackofmalenessbybecomingaman，fightingfireswithfirefighters，（5）（drive）aLamborghinianddoingthreedaysofArmytrainingcamp？IknowIhave．TheonlypartsIdidn'tfullyenjoywere（26）inwhichtheauthorsufferedhorribly．Afterjustthreehoursoftrainingcamp，hefaintedweaklyintothearmsofasoldier．ThefilmrightstoManMadehavealreadybeensoldtoFox，andIhopeitgets（27）（turn）intoamoviewithGeorgeClooneyplayingtheSteinrole，sincetheyremindmesomuchofeachother．（8）thisisonlyStein'sfirstbook，IwouldalreadyconsiderhimassomeonelikeDavidSedaris，DaveBarry，JamesThurber，MarkTwainandAbrahamLincoln．I（9）（recommend）ManMadenotjusttoallmyfriendsandfamilybutalsotostrangersonTwitteroverandoveragain．My onefearis（10）afterthisgreatachievement，Steinwilllosehisabilitytobeacruelcriticofourshallowtimes．II.GrammarandVocabularySectionA（10分）Directions：Afterreadingthepassagebelow，fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword，fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword；fortheotherblanks，useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.2．（10分）TheFatherofJDPrintingAbouttwentyyearsago，thesurgeonsattheWilfordHullmedicalcenterworkingtoseparateapairofconjoined（连体的）twinsthoughtthatonlyonewouldbeabletowalkaftertheoperation．Afteramodelofthegirls'bonestr ucturewas（1）using3Dprinting，however，theyfoundasharedupperlegbonetobebiggerthanexpectedandsplititsuccessfully，（2）inbothtwinsbeingabletowalk．Noweightyandstillworkingaschieftechnologyofficerof3DSyste ms．ChuckHullisenjoyingsomeminor（3）31yearsafterhefirstprintedasmallblackeye﹣washcupusinganewmethodofmanufacturingknownas3Dprinting．Atthetime，hewasworkingforacompanythatusedUVlighttoputthinlayersofplasticcoatsontabletopsand（4）．Hehadanideathatifhecouldplacethousandsofthinlayersofplasticontopofeachother andthencuttheirshapeusinglight，hewouldbeabletoformthreedimensionalobjects．Afterayear，he（5）asystemwherelightwasshoneintoabottleofphotopolymer﹣amaterialwhichchangesfromliquidtoplastic﹣likesolidwhenlightshinesonit﹣andtracestheshapeofoneleveloftheobject．Subsequentlayersarethenprinteduntilitis（6）．Afterpatentingtheinvention，hesetup3DSystems，（7）getting＄6m（￡3.5m）fromaCanadianinvestor．Thefirst（8）productcameoutin1988andprovedahitamongcarmanufacturers，intheaerospacesectorandforcompaniesdesigningmedicalequipment．Thepossibilitiesappearen dless﹣fromhome﹣printedfoodandmedicineto（9）thatpicturesofobjectsbeabletobetakeninshopsandthenrecreatedusingplansdownloadedfromtheI nternetAlthoughdeliberateinhisresponses，thereisonemomentwhenthe（10）spokenChuckHulltellsofhissurpriseaboutwhatexactlyhiscreationwascapableofachieving．III.ReadingComprehensionSectionA（15分）Directions：ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA，B，CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.3．（15分）WordstoTurnaConversationAroundIt'snotwhatyousay，butit'showyousayit﹣isn'tit？Accordingtoalanguageexpert，wemayhavethiswrong．"Wearepushedandpulledaroundbylanguagefarmorethanwe（1），"saysElizabethStoke，professorofsocialinteractionatLoughboroughUniversity．Stokeandhercolleagueshave（2）thousandsofhoursofrecordedconversations，fromcustomerservicestomediation（调解）hotlinesandpolicecrisis（3）．Theydiscoveredthatcertainwordsorphraseshavethepowertochangethecourseofaco nversation．Someofthesewordsaresurprising，and（4）whatwe'vebeentaughttobelieve．Forexample，inastudyofconversationsbetweendoctorsandpatients，evidenceshowedthatdoctorswho（5）optionsratherthanrecommendedbestsolutions，gotabetterresponse，despitethesuggestionfromhospitalguidelinestotalkaboutthebestinterestsofthepatient．But，fromconversationexpertssuchasStoketoFBInegotiatorsandcommunicationcoaches，we'relearningwhichwordsarelikelyto（6）orpersuadeus．Stokefoundthatpeoplewhohadalreadyresponded（7）whenaskediftheywouldliketoattendmediationseemedtochangetheirmindswhenthemediatorused thephrase．"Wouldyoubewillingtocomeforameeting？""Assoonastheword‘willing'wasused，peoplewouldsay：‘Oh，yes，definitely'﹣theywouldactually（8）thesentencetoagree．"Stokefoundithadthesameeffectindifferentsettings：withbusiness﹣to﹣businesscoldcallers；withdoctorstryingto（9）peopletogotoaweight﹣lossclass．Shealsolookedatphrasessuchas"Wouldyouliketo"and"Wouldyoubeinterestedin"．"Sometimesthey（10），but ‘willing'wastheonethatgotpeopletoagreemorerapidlyandwithmoreenthusiasm．""'Hello'isareallyimportantwordthatcanchangethe（11）ofaconversation，"Stokesays．"It'sabouthowyourespondtopeoplewhoarewhatwecall‘firstmovers'﹣peoplewhosaysomethingreally（12），""Itmightbetheworkcolleagueswhoareextremelyangrytoyourdeskwithacomplaintortheneighbor who（13）rudewordsaboutparkingasyou'reputtingoutthebins．""Whatdoyoudowiththatperson？Ratherthanrespondinthesamemanner，sayingsomethingnice，suchasaverybright‘Hello!'，socializesthatotherpersonalittlebit．"Useitwhenyouwanttoresistgettingintoa （14）．"Youhavetobecarefulnottosoundtoopassive﹣aggressive，"Stokesays，"butjustonefriendlywordinabrighttonecandeletethe（15）oftheconversation．"（1）A．suggest B．realize C．imply D．emphasize（2）A．analyzed B．addressed C．simplified D．discovered（3）A．instructions B．revolutions C．associations D．negotiations （4）A．getinto B．turnaway C．goagainst D．insiston（5）A．pointed B．inspired C．motivated D．listed（6）A．comfort B．defend C．support D．protect（7）A．actively B．positively C．negatively D．passively（8）A．finish B．reject C．refuse D．interrupt（9）A．persuade B．stimulate C．force D．tempt（10）A．interacted B．worked C．responded D．initiated（11）A．approach B．course C．evolution D．pattern（12）A．impractical B．unimaginative C．critical D．illogical（13）A．keepsback B．answersfor C．agreeson D．launchesinto （14）A．conflict B．disaster C．strike D．damage（15）A．challenge B．debate C．worry D．silence SectionB（22分）Directions：Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstate ments.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA，B，CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustre ad.4．（8分）Lastsummer，bird﹣watchersconfirmedthediscoveryofanewspeciesofbirdinCambodiawasnotaneventofparticularbiol ogicalsignificance，butitwasstrikingforonereasoninpart．Thisspeciesofbirdwasdiscoverednotinanunspoiledrainfore stbutwithinthelimitsCambodia'scapital，PhnomPenh﹣acitythesizeofPhiladelphia．Whattheresearchersfoundwassurprisingincities．Themedium﹣sizedcityinthestateabout110speciesofbirds，over95percentofwhichwouldhavebeengrowingthereurbanization．Ecologicallyspeaking，citiesaredifferent，concretebuildings．Rather，eachuniquebio﹣profile﹣akindofecologicalfingerprint﹣thatisagainsttheideaofanenvironmentdeadzone．Ofcourse，it'salsotruethatintheworldofbirdsandplants，asinhumansociety，thereissuchathingasworldwide﹣thecity﹣inhabitantswhofeelequallyathomeinSanFrancisco，MilanandBeijing．Fourbirdsoccurinmorethan80percentofthecitiesstudied，and11plantsoccurredinmorethan90percentofthecities．Ontheplantside，thoseareseeminglyspreadbyEuropeansettlement．Intheair，it'stheusualsuspects：therockpigeonandmanyotherbirds．"Theyhavebecomecompletelyadaptedtourbanlife，"Kattisays．"That'snotmuchofsurprise．Buttheydon'tactuallydominateasmuchaswethinkthey do．"Thosespecies﹣occurringinthecitiesacrosstheglobe﹣representonlyasmallpartofacity'snaturalvarieties．Notallcitiesareequalprotectorsofnativeanimalsandplants，though．Oneofthebiggestpredictorsforacity'sbiodiversityisitsurbandesign．Territoryasvarieda sbackyardsandstreettreescanlayimportantrolesingreeningacity．Infact，theamouhtofgreenspaceisastrongerpredictorofthedensityofbiodiversitythanacity'ssize．Ametr opoliswithasizablenetworkofparkscancontainmorespeciespersquaremilethanamuchsmallercity．Inaworldwherearchitecture，food，language，fashionandcommerceareincreasinglyglobalized，acity'snativeanimalsandplantscanbeakindofidentity．TheremaybeneighborhoodsinLondonand ParisthatresembleSingaporeorHongKong．Citiesarebecomingsimilar，buttheirnaturalenvironmentsstandcompletelyapart．（1）Accordingtothepassage，whatdoyouthinkofPhnomPenh，Cambodia'scapital？A．Itisfullofvariousrareplantsandanimals．B．Itsbirds'populationislargerthanthatofSanFrancisco．C．It'sasbigasPhiladelphiaintermsofarea．D．ItisonanequalfootingwithBeijingandMilan．（2）WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTthesameastheauthor'sidea？A．Fromabiologicalpointnewchangeshappeneveryday．B．Fromanenvironmentalpointthedailychangesaren'tobviousenough．C．Eachcityhasdifferentcharacteristicsintermsofecologicaldevelopment．D．Differentspeciesofcreaturesarebornindifferentcities．（3）Someplantsarefoundinmanycitiesintheworld，whichseemstobearesultof．A．naturalselectionB．globalizationC．urbandevelopmentD．colonization（4）Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleofthepassage？A．WhatSurprisingCities!TheMedium﹣sizedCityHasVariousSpeciesofBirds!B．ThePowerofPlantsandAnimals!TheCharmofAlltheCities!C．TheCitiesAreConcreteJungles!NeverThinkaboutThemtheSameWayAgain!D．MoreSpeciesPerSquareMile!TheAmountofGreenSpaceIsaStrongerPredictor!5．（6分）PleaseChooseCloudServicesmaybeunsure，oryoudonotknowwheretobegin．TryingeveryCloudservicewouldtakealotoftimeandwork．But，thewebsiteReviews．commighthelp．Onevaluablefeatureistheprotectionofdigitalfiles，includingphotos，videos，documents，musicandmore．Iftheworsthappensandyourcomputercrashes，orgetslostordamaged，yourfilescanstillfoundintheCloud．Cloudservicesletyouaccessyourfilesfromalmostanywhere．Noneedtoworryaboutafilestoredon yourcomputerwhenyouareawayfromyourdesk．IfyouhaveanInternetconnection，youcanopenyourfilesfromanycomputer，orfromaphone，whentheyarestoredusingaCloudservice．UsingaCloudservicemakessharingfileseasier．Ifyousenddocumentstoagroupusingemails，youmaythenwonderwhichversioneveryoneisworkingwith．WhensharingfilesusingaCloudserv ice，everyonewillseethesamedocumentandthelatestversion．Thefirstthingtoconsideristheamountofstoragespaceyouneed．Checkhowmuchspaceyouarecurr entlyusingonyourcomputerandmobiledevices．Ifyourcomputerorphoneisfilledwithphotosand youhavelittlefreespace，youmaywanttomoveyourphotostotheCloud．SomeCloudservicesarefree．But，ifyouneedalotofspace，youwillprobablyneedonethatcostsmoney．EvenifeveryoneyouhaveevermetisaWindowsuser，youstillprobablywantaCloudservicethatworkswithmanyplatforms．Youmightbecomefriendsw ithanAndroiduserorstartajobwithacompanythatcomputersonApple!（1）Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage？A．Google﹣Driveuserscanobtain100GBforfree．B．MostCloudservicescansendfilestoboththeCloudandthelocalcomputer．C．It'shardtotransferyourfilewhenyouturnonthecomputerifitisstoredintheCloud．D．NeverworryaboutfindingyourfilesintheCloudsifthecomputersystemcrashes．（2）WhatwillyouhavetodoifyouneedmorespacetostoremorefilesintheCloud？A．TouseyourownCloudservices．B．ToshareCloudspacewithothers．C．Tospendmoneybuyingspace．D．Tobuythelatestversionoftheservice．（3）HowcanconsumersfindtheCloudservicethatsuitsthembest？A．Bylearningmoreinformationaboutthespaceoccupiedbyfiles．B．BycomparingCloud'sfunction，storage，availablespaceandprices．C．Bysendingfilestoagroupofpeopleviae﹣mailinquiringabouttheCloudservice．D．BymakingfriendswithAndroiduserswhouseApplecomputers．6．（8分）IsPaperlessOfficeReallyPaperless？Arisingeconomyincreasedpapersalesby6yo7percenteachyearintheearlytomid﹣1990s，andtheconvenienceofdesktopprintingallowedofficeworkerstoindulgeanythingandeverything．In2004，MsDunn，acommunicationssuppliesdirector，saidthatplainwhiteofficepaperwouldseelessthana4percentgrowthrate，aprimaryreasonforwhichisthatsome47percentoftheworkforceenteredthejobmarketaftercomput ershadalreadybeenintroducedtooffices．Forofficeinnovators，thedreamofpaperlessofficeisanexampleofhigh﹣techarrogance（傲慢）．Today'sofficeserviceisoverwhelmedBymorenewspapersthaneverbefore．Afterdecadeso fdevelopment，theAmericangovernmentcanfinallygetridofthemadnessonpaper．Inthepast，thedemandforpaperhasbeenfaraheadofgrowthintheAmericaneconomy，butthesaleshaveslowedmarkedlyoverthepasttwotothreeyears，despitethegoodeconomicconditions．"Oldhabitsarehardtobreak，"saysMs．Dunn．"Therearesomefunctionsthatpaperserveswhereascreendisplaydoesn'twork ．Thosefuncitonsarebothitsstrengthanditsweakness．"Analystsattributethedeclinetosuchfacto rsasadvancesindigitaldatabasesandcommunicationsystems．Escapingourcravingforpaper，however，willbeanythingbutaneasyaffair．"We'refinallyseeingareductionintheamountofpaperbeingusedperworkerintheworkplace，"saysJohnMaine，vicepresidentofapapereconomicconsultingfirm．"Moreinformationisbeingtransmittedelectron ically，andanincreasingnumberofpeoplearesatisfiedthatinformationexistsonlyinelectronicformwithout printingmultiplebackups．"Toreducepaperuse，somecompaniesareworkingtocombinedigitalandpapercapabilities．Forexample，Xeroxisdevelopingelectronicpaper：thindigitaldisplaysthatrespondtoastylus，likeapenonpaper．Markscanbeerasedorsaveddigitally．Evenwithsuchtechnologicaladvances，theincreasingamountsofelectronicdatanecessarilyrequiremorepaper．"Theinformationindustrytodayiscomposedofathinpapercrustsurroundinganelectroniccore，"Mr．Saffowrote．Thegrowingpapercrustismostnoticeable，butthehiddenelectroniccoreisfarlargerandgrowingmorerapidly．Theresultisthatwearebecomin gpaperless，butwehardlynoticeatall．"That'soneofthegreatestironiesoftheinformationage，"Saffosays．"It'sjustcommonsensethatthemoreyoutalktosomeonebyphoneorcomputer，itinevitablyleadstoaface﹣to﹣facemeeting．ThebestthingfortheaviationindustrywastheInternet．"（1）WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTareasonfortheslowdowninAmericanpapersales？A．Workforcewithbettercomputerskills．B．SlowgrowthoftheU．S．economy．C．Changingpatternsinpaperuse．D．Changingemploymenttrends．（2）WhatdoesthelastsentenceinPara3mean？A．Wehavetolookatpaperconsumptionfromdifferentangles．B．Thereislittlechancethatpaperconsumptionwillfallinthedigitalage．C．Paperconsumptionwillbegreatlyreducedinthedigitalage．D．Peoplearenolongersoaddictedtopaperinthedigitalage．（3）TheinnovationsfromXeroxandothercompaniesfeature．A．theintergrationofdigitaltechnologywithtraditionalpaperB．thechancefromtraditionalpapertodigitaltechnologyC．thecombinationoftheuseofcomputerscreensandcellphonesD．anewtypeofcomputerwritingandcommunciation（4）Whatcanwedrawfromtheexampleoftheaviationindustryinthelastparagraph？A．Thedreamofthepaperlessofficewillberealizedsomeday．B．Peopleusuallyprefertohaveface﹣to﹣facemeetingsinsteadofusingcomputers．C．Moredigitaldatauseleadstogreaterpaperuseinthedigitaltime．D．Somepeoplearenolongeropposedtovideo﹣conferencing．SectionCDirections：Readthepassagecarefully.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentenceca nbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.7．（8分）TrafficRegulationandAccidentPreventionWeliveinaremarkabletime，andmanyoftheoncefataldiseasescannowbecuredwithmodernmedicineandsurgery．Itisalmostce rtainthatonedayacurewillbefoundfortherestofthediseases．Expectationsoflifehavegreatlyincre ased．Butthoughthepossibilityoflivingalongandhappylifeisgreaterthaneverbefore，everydaywewitnesstheincrediblekillingofmen，womenandchildrenontheroads．Manfightsagainstthemotor﹣car．Itisanever﹣endingbattlewhichmanislosing．（1）Nothingcanseriouslyincreaseyourriskofpotentiallyfatalcaraccidentsotherthanspeedingandfailin gtopaydueattentiontoweatherconditions．（2）Thereisnodoubtthatthemotor﹣caroftenbringsoutaman'sveryworstqualities．Usuallyquietandpleasantpeople，whentheyarebehindthesteeringwheel，willbecomeunrecognizable．Theyareimpolite，aggressive，self﹣willedliketwo﹣year﹣old，completelyselfish．Alltheirhiddenfrustrations，disappointments，andjealousyseemtobecausedbydriving．（3）It'sallforhisownconvenience．Duetoaserioustragedy，thecityisalmostuninhabitableandthehugeparkinglotmakesthetownugly．Thedestructionofrural areasandtheannualmasskillingsarejustastatistic，easilyforgotten．Withregardtodriving，thelawsofsomecountriesarenotstrictandeventhestrictestarenotstrictenough．Trafficrulesareforeveryonetofollowunderanycircumstances，andnoonecanmakeanexceptionunlessyoumakeajokeofyourownlife．Universallyacceptedstand ardscanonlyhaveasignificantbeneficialontheincidenceofaccidents．Governmentsshoulddevelo psafetycodesformanufacturers．（4）Thesemeasuresmaysoundcruel．However，ifthesemeasuresresultinareductioninthelossoflifeeveryyear，theyshouldcertainlynotbeconsideredserious．Afterall，theworldbelongstohumans，notcars．Ⅳ.SummaryWriting.8．（10分）Directions：Readthefollowingpassage．Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint（s）ofthepassageinnomorethan60words．Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible．AllMustHaveDegreesInaclassroominSeoulagroupofteenagerssitovertheirdesksintotalsilence．Studybeginsateightint hemorningandendsathalfpastfourintheafternoon．Andsomeevengobackhomeatmidnight．Lik ethousandsofSouthKoreans，theyarepreparingfortheimportantexam，whichwilllargelydeterminewhethertheygotoagooduniversityornot．Degreeshavebecomeusefu l．Seventypercentofstudentswhograduatefromthecountry'ssecondaryschoolsnowgostraighttou niversities．Manymorecountrieshaveseenabigriseintheshareofyoungpeoplewithdegrees，butSouthKoreaisanextremecase．Astechnologicalreformsrequireworkerstodomanydifficultan ddemandingjobsthattheywouldnothavedonebefore，thereseemstobereasonabletoinsistthatmoreworkersreceiveagoodeducationthanbefore．Andad egreeisanobviouswayforbrightyoungstersFrompoorfamiliestoprovetheirabilities．Peopletendt oearnmoreiftheyhavedegrees．Employersdonothavetopayforhighereducationandtheyareincreasinglyabletodemanddegreestos creenouttheleastmotivatedorcapable．ArecentstudybyJosephFullerandManjariRomaanofHarv ardBusinessSchoolshowsthatcompaniesroutinelyrequireapplicantstohavedegrees，eventhoughonlyaminorityofthosealreadyworkingintherolehavethem．TheEconomist'sanalysisfoundthatbetween1970and2015，theproportionof256workersaged25﹣64withatleastabachelor'sdegreeincreased．Someofthemarehighlyintellectuallydemandingjobs，suchasaviationengineers．Othersarenon﹣graduatejobssuchaswaitingtables．Sixteenpercentofwaitersnowhavedegrees，becauseprobablyinmostcasestheycouldnotfindjobsandlivepoorly．Today，havingadegreeisusuallyanentryrequirement．Ⅴ.Translation.Directions：TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish，usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.9．（3分）晚上别喝太多的咖啡，会睡不着觉的．（or）10．（4分）事实证明，保持快乐的心态会降低得心脏病的风险．（It）11．（4分）乐观的人不会过分怀念美好的旧时光，因为他们正忙着创造新的回忆．（create）12．（4分）追求稳定并不是什么坏事，很多时候这样的态度在促使我们提升自我、挑战难度、攀登高峰．（when）Ⅵ.GuidedWriting.13．（25分）Directions：WriteanEnglishcompositionin120﹣150wordsaccordingtotheinstructionsgivenbelowinChinese．2018年11月5日﹣10日，首届中国国际进口博览会在上海成功举行．假设你是明启中学的高三学生卢平，学校英语报向全体高三学生进行征文，题目为"TheCIIEinMyEyes"．你有意投稿，撰写一篇文章．稿件内容必须包含：1．对"新时代，共享未来（NewEra，SharedFuture）"的理解；2．首届进博会向世界传递了什么信息？对中国发展有何深远的影响？（中国国际进口博览会：ChinaInternationalImportExpo简称CIIE）2019年上海市普陀区高考英语一模试卷参考答案与试题解析I.ListeningComprehension（略）II.GrammarandvocabularySectionA10%1．（10分）TheBestBookI'veEverReadFrankly，Ihavereadnearlyallofthegreatworksofliterature，butnobookhaseverimpressedmeasdeeplyordirectly（1）as JoelStein'sManMade：AStupidQuestforMasendinity．Haven'tweall，onsomelevel，beenJewishboysinNewJerseyin（2）the 1970swithonlyfemalefriends，anEasy﹣Bakeovenandastrongpreferenceforshowtunes？Haven'tweallhadapanicattack（3）after learningwe'regoingtohaveason，sincethatmeanswe'regoingtohavetofigureouthowtothrowfootballs，watchotherpeoplethrowfootballsanddecide（4）when tobehappyorsadabouttheresultsoffootballthrowing？Haven'tweallthentriedtocorrectourlackofmalenessbybecomingaman，fightingfireswithfirefighters，（5）driving（drive）aLamborghinianddoingthreedaysofArmytrainingcamp？IknowIhave．TheonlypartsIdidn'tfullyenjoywere（26）thetime inwhichtheauthorsufferedhorribly．Afterjustthreehoursoftrainingcamp，hefaintedweaklyintothearmsofasoldier．ThefilmrightstoManMadehavealreadybeensoldtoFox，andIhopeitgets（27）turned（turn）intoamoviewithGeorgeClooneyplayingtheSteinrole，sincetheyremindmesomuchofeachother．（8）While thisisonlyStein'sfirstbook，IwouldalreadyconsiderhimassomeonelikeDavidSedaris，DaveBarry，JamesThurber，MarkTwainandAbrahamLincoln．I（9）haverecommended（recommend）ManMadenotjusttoallmyfriendsandfamilybutalsotostrangersonTwitteroverandoveragain．My onefearis（10）that afterthisgreatachievement，Steinwilllosehisabilitytobeacruelcriticofourshallowtimes．【考点】N6：语法填空．【分析】文章中作者推荐了一本书ManMade：AStupidQuestforMasendinity，介绍了作者的一系列看法．【解答】1．as．考查连词，as..as结构，和…一样深刻，故填as．2．the．考查冠词，inthe1970s，在20世纪70年代，故填the．3．after．考查介词，在得知我们即将有个儿子之后，故填after．4．when．考查连词，when引导宾语从句，什么时候该开心，什么时候该悲伤，故填when．5．driving．考查非谓语，we与drive是主动关系，故填现在分词做状语，故填driving．6．thetime．考查名词，作者很挣扎的那一次，thetime做先行词，在定语从句中做时间状语，故填thetime．7．turned．考查非谓语，get是系动词，getturnedinto：被变成，故填turned．8．While．考查连词，虽然这是他的第一本书，故填while引导让步状语从句．9．haverecommended．考查时态，我已经向朋友家人推荐了这本书，故填haverecommended．10．that．考查连词，that引导表语从句，我的担心是成功之后，Stein失去作为一名严苛批评家的能力，故填that．【点评】在一篇200词左右的语篇（短文或对话）中留出10处空白，部分空白的后面给出单词的基本形式，要求考生根据上下文填写空白处所需的内容或所提供单词的正确形式，所填写词语不得多于3个单词．要做好语法填空题，理解短文是解题的前提，扎实的词汇、句型和语法知识是基础，英语国家的背景知识是必要的补充．考生须灵活运用语法知识，如单词词性、单词时态、名词单复数、连接词、代词、冠词等判断各空白处应填写的内容．答完后，还要通读全文，核对所填单词形式是否正确，是否符合语境．II.GrammarandVocabularySectionA（10分）Directions：Afterreadingthepassagebelow，fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagiven word，fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword；fortheotherblanks，useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.2．（10分）TheFatherofJDPrintingAbouttwentyyearsago，thesurgeonsattheWilfordHullmedicalcenterworkingtoseparateapairofconjoined（连体的）twinsthoughtthatonlyonewouldbeabletowalkaftertheoperation．Afteramodelofthegirls'bonestr ucturewas（1）generated using3Dprinting，however，theyfoundasharedupperlegbonetobebiggerthanexpectedandsplititsuccessfully，（2）resulting inbothtwinsbeingabletowalk．Noweightyandstillworkingaschieftechnologyofficerof3DSyste ms．ChuckHullisenjoyingsomeminor（3）fame31yearsafterhefirstprintedasmallblackeye ﹣washcupusinganewmethodofmanufacturingknownas3Dprinting．Atthetime，hewasworkingforacompanythatusedUVlighttoputthinlayersofplasticcoatsontabletopsand（4）furniture．Hehadanideathatifhecouldplacethousandsofthinlayersofplasticontopofeachother andthencuttheirshapeusinglight，hewouldbeabletoformthreedimensionalobjects．Afterayear，he（5）developed asystemwherelightwasshoneintoabottleofphotopolymer﹣amaterialwhichchangesfromliquidtoplastic﹣likesolidwhenlightshinesonit﹣andtracestheshapeofoneleveloftheobject．Subsequentlayersarethenprinteduntilitis（6）completed．Afterpatentingtheinvention，hesetup3DSystems，（7）eventually getting＄6m（￡3.5m）fromaCanadianinvestor．Thefirst（8）commercial productcameoutin1988andprovedahitamongcarmanufacturers，intheaerospacesectorandforcompaniesdesigningmedicalequipment．Thepossibilitiesappearen dless﹣fromhome﹣printedfoodandmedicineto（9）suggestions thatpicturesofobjectsbeabletobetakeninshopsandthenrecreatedusingplansdownloadedfromtheI nternetAlthoughdeliberateinhisresponses，thereisonemomentwhenthe（10）softly spokenChuckHulltellsofhissurpriseaboutwhatexactlyhiscreationwascapableofachieving．【考点】N8：选词填空．【分析】本文主要讲述了3D打印技术的作用、来源和影响．【解答】答案：1﹣5ADCBF6﹣10HGJEK1．A．考查被动语态．根据句意可知，用三维打印技术制作了一个女孩的骨骼结构模型后，他们发现一个共享的大腿骨比预期的要大，并成功地将其分割开．此处意为"被生产、被制作"，用wasgenerated，故选A．2．D．考查现在分词．根据句意可知，结果两个双胞胎都能走路．现在80岁了，仍然是3D系统的首席技术官．此处应该用现在分词表示结果状语，填resulting，故选D．3．C．考查名词．根据句意可知，查克?赫尔（ChuckHull）在用一种称为3D打印的新制造方法打印了一个黑色洗眼杯31年后，名声不小．fame名声，故选C．4．B．考查名词．根据句意可知，当时，他在一家公司工作，该公司使用紫外线在桌面和家具上涂上薄薄的一层塑料外套．furniture家具，符合题意，故选B．5．F．考查考查动词．根据句意可知，一年后，他开发了一个系统，将光照进一瓶光聚合物中﹣﹣光照到光聚合物上时，这种材料会从液体变为塑料状固体﹣﹣并追踪物体的一个层面的形状．developed发展、开发，故选F．6．H．考查被动语态．根据句意可知，然后打印后续层，直到完成．becompleted被完成，故选H．7．G．考查副词．根据句意可知，在获得发明专利后，他建立了3D系统，最终从加拿大投资者那里获得了600万美元（350万英镑）．eventually最终地，故选G．8．J．考查形容词．根据句意可知，第一款商用产品于1988年问世，在汽车制造商、航空航天部门和医疗设备设计公司中受到了冲击．commercial商业的，故选J．9．E．考查名词复数．根据句意可知，这种可能性似乎是无止境的﹣﹣从家庭印刷的食品和药品到建议人们可以在商店里拍摄物体的照片，然后利用从互联网上下载的计划来重新制作，尽管他的回答是深思熟虑的．suggestions建议，故选E．10．K．考查副词．根据句意可知，有一刻，轻声细语的查克?赫尔讲述了他对自己的创造究竟能够实现什么的惊讶．softly轻轻地，故选K．【点评】根据选项词语，结构文章内容，综合考虑语法和固定搭配，最后选出最佳答案．III.ReadingComprehensionSectionA（15分）Directions：ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA，B，CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.3．（15分）WordstoTurnaConversationAroundIt'snotwhatyousay，butit'showyousayit﹣isn'tit？Accordingtoalanguageexpert，wemayhavethiswrong．"Wearepushedandpulledaroundbylanguagefarmorethanwe（1）B，"saysElizabethStoke，professorofsocialinteractionatLoughboroughUniversity．Stokeandhercolleagueshave（2）A thousandsofhoursofrecordedconversations，fromcustomerservicestomediation（调解）hotlinesandpolicecrisis（3）D．Theydiscoveredthatcertainwordsorphraseshavethepowertochangethecourseofaconversa tion．Someofthesewordsaresurprising，and（4）C whatwe'vebeentaughttobelieve．Forexample，inastudyofconversationsbetweendoctorsandpatients，evidenceshowedthatdoctorswho（5）D optionsratherthanrecommendedbestsolutions，gotabetterresponse，despitethesuggestionfromhospitalguidelinestotalkaboutthebestinterestsofthepatient．But，fromconversationexpertssuchasStoketoFBInegotiatorsandcommunicationcoaches，we'relearningwhichwordsarelikelyto（6）A orpersuadeus．Stokefoundthatpeoplewhohadalreadyresponded（7）C whenaskediftheywouldliketoattendmediationseemedtochangetheirmindswhenthemediatorused thephrase．"Wouldyoubewillingtocomeforameeting？""Assoonastheword‘willing'wasused，peoplewouldsay：‘Oh，yes，definitely'﹣theywouldactually（8）D thesentencetoagree．"Stokefoundithadthesameeffectindifferentsettings：withbusiness﹣to﹣businesscoldcallers；withdoctorstryingto（9）A peopletogotoaweight﹣lossclass．Shealsolookedatphrasessuchas"Wouldyouliketo"and"Wouldyoubeinterestedin"．"Sometimesthey（10）B，but ‘willing'wastheonethatgotpeopletoagreemorerapidlyandwithmoreenthusiasm．""'Hello'isareallyimportantwordthatcanchangethe（11）B ofaconversation，"Stokesays．"It'sabouthowyourespondtopeoplewhoarewhatwecall‘firstmovers'﹣peoplewhosaysomethingreally（12）C，""Itmightbetheworkcolleagueswhoareextremelyangrytoyourdeskwithacomplaintortheneighbor who（13）D rudewordsaboutparkingasyou'reputtingoutthebins．""Whatdoyoudowiththatperson？Ratherthanrespondinthesamemanner，sayingsomethingnice，suchasaverybright‘Hello!'，socializesthatotherpersonalittlebit．"Useitwhenyouwanttoresistgettingintoa（14）A．"Youhavetobecarefulnottosoundtoopassive﹣aggressive，"Stokesays，"butjustonefriendlywordinabrighttonecandeletethe（15）A oftheconversation．"（1）A．suggest B．realize C．imply D．emphasize（2）A．analyzed B．addressed C．simplified D．discovered（3）A．instructions B．revolutions C．associations D．negotiations （4）A．getinto B．turnaway C．goagainst D．insiston（5）A．pointed B．inspired C．motivated D．listed（6）A．comfort B．defend C．support D．protect（7）A．actively B．positively C．negatively D．passively（8）A．finish B．reject C．refuse D．interrupt（9）A．persuade B．stimulate C．force D．tempt（10）A．interacted B．worked C．responded D．initiated（11）A．approach B．course C．evolution D．pattern（12）A．impractical B．unimaginative C．critical D．illogical（13）A．keepsback B．answersfor C．agreeson D．launchesinto （14）A．conflict B．disaster C．strike D．damage（15）A．challenge B．debate C．worry D．silence【考点】M2：社会文化．。
2019届上海市各区高三英语一模试卷题型分类专题汇编--选词填空--老师版(纯净word带答案已校对终结版)
Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Overcoming Obstacles: How Your Biggest Failure Can Lead to Your Success There’s been a lot written on the theme of failure and how essential it is to success. In a world where ___31___ is given for people’s accomplishments, failing feels dangerous. The fear of failure can stop people taking risks that might lead to success.Heidi Grant Halvorson, a psychologist, points out much of success is ___32___ not on talent but on learning from your mistakes.About half of the people in the world hold that ability in an area --- be it creative or social skill --- is natural. The other half believes, instead, that someone might have a preference or something --- say painting or speaking foreign languages --- but this ability can be improved through ___33___ practice or training.It’s almost impossible to think rationally (理性地) while shouting at yourself, “I’m a failure”. But when you ___34___ your thinking, you will probably see what you can control --- your behavior, your planning, your reactions --- and change them.The primary ___35___ between successful people and unsuccessful people is that the successful people fail more. If you see failure as a monster approaching you, take another look.Success is as scary as failure. Researchers report that satisfaction grows on challenges. Think about it --- a computer game you can always win is boring; one you can win ___36___, and with considerable effort, is fun. In pursuit of success, failure exposes areas that you need to ___37___. So the failure serves as a brick wall to test how you apply yourself to ___38___ your objectives and how much you want them.There is a way to distinguish whether a failure ___39___ you to double down or walk away, says Halvorson. If, when things get rough, you remain fascinated by your goal, you should keep going. If what you’re doing is costing you too much time and energy or it’s not bringing you joy,you should give a second thought to the ___40___ of your goal and even set a new one.Keys: 31-35 DEAHB 36-40 FCIJGSection BDirections：Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.The NileThe ancient Greek writer Herodotus once described Egypt-with some envy-as‘the gift of the Nile’. The Egyptians depend on the river for food, for water and for life. The Ancient Egyptians were able to control and use the Nile, creating the earliest irrigation systems and developing a prosperous ___31___.Snaking through the deserts, the Nile would flood almost ___32___ each year in June. Once the water subsided, a rich deposit of sand was left behind, making an excellent topsoil. Seeds were sown, yielding wheat, barley, beans, lentils and leeks. Drought could spell disaster for the Egyptians, so during the dry seasons, they dug basins and channels to deliver water to their land. They also devised simple channels to transfer water at the peak of the flood.An early system of ___33___ a Nilometer, was used to determine the size of the floods. Later, during the New Kingdom, a lifting system called a shaduf was used to raise water from the river--___34___ to the way in which a well is used today.The Egyptians took up some of the earliest trading missions. Without a(n) ___35___ system they exchanged goods, bringing back timber, precious stones, pottery, spices and animals. Their efforts in medicine were also ___36___ advanced: surgeons performed operations to remove cysts(囊肿). Mummification gave them great understanding of the human body-yet they also relied heavily on various medicines to prevent disease, and discoveries were often confused with superstition(迷信). And while a great deal of time was dedicated to ___37___ the Egyptians thought the stars were gods.By the 16th century Egypt was under the Ottoman Empire until Britain seized control in 1882. What is now mostly Arabic Egypt only won ___38___ from Britain after World War II. The Suez Canal, opened in 1869, __________the country as a center for world transportation. But it, and the completion of the Aswan High Dam in 1971 ___40___ the ecology of the Nile, which now struggles to satisfy the country’s rapidly growing population, currently more than 76 million-the largest in the Arab world.Keys: 31-35 GJABD 36-40 CEIHFSection BDirections:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Workforce of the FutureThe workplace is changing rapidly. Rather than the standard working day of nine to five, employees are working more flexibly to meet their busy home lives. Advances in technology are ___31___ the very nature of the tasks and skills required in the workplace.To gain a full perspective of how the workplace is set to change over the next decade, employee benefits provider Unum UK ___32___ with The Future Laboratory to survey 3,000 workers across several industries. They also interviewed industry experts and business leaders on topics from artificial intelligence and robotics to the increase of flexible working and an ageing workforce.The resulting outlines some of the employment changes that businesses can expect to see over the next decade and predicts the ___33___ of two worker cultures which will dominate the workforce. They are the obligated and the self-fulfilled worker.“O bligated workers” refer to people with dependents and the sandwich generation, ___34___ raising children with caring for elderly parents. Therefore, they value a career ___35___ to lifestages and events and financial security. Joel Defries, 33, father of one kid and partner at London Vodka said, “A flexible employer will allow me to have a long paternity leave(陪产假) and to value my family just as much as I value my job.”Self-fulfilled workers are committed to life-long learning and acquiring new skills rather than ___36___ to an employer. They actively look for personal development and want employee benefits that help them ___37___ both their personal and professional ambitions. They treat personal commitments and pursuits as ___38___ to professional commitments. Elly Kemp, 31, ___39___ a full-time employee, now working part-time in a cafe and also assisting with her grandmother’s care said, “My approach to work allows me the freedom to ___40___ my career at my own pace. I want my work to be fluid so I can change it when I want and to whatever makes me happy at the time.”Keys: 31-35 GABIE 36-40 KFJCDSection BDirections:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Aurora(极光):wonders or disturbancesCanada，February 2017: I stood in the snow on a frozen lake, watching as the sky twisted in front of me. Green bands of light ____31____ out in the darkness. Slowly the colors twisted and broke and reappeared elsewhere until, suddenly, a whole band flowed and pulsed across the sky, ____32____ with delicate yellow. pinks and purples. It was as dramatic as thunderstorm, yet calm.Gentle,yet ____33____, Most of all,it was a gift.This was my fifth aurora trip and the first time I had seen fast movements and bright colors.The calm green auroral displays that many people see are driven by a(n)_____34_____ stream of particles(微粒) from called the solar wind. But when the sun throws us extra hot fast particles, thisprocess goes overdrive-we get much more movement and colour, It is glorious! Aurora-spotters long for it.But for some, the wild movements of the heavens can have serious ____35____ Satellites’electronics are affected or damaged by incoming fast particles, ____36____ industries that rely on them. Flights may need to change course to avoid radio ____37____ around the poles, or to protect aircrew from enhanced radiation exposure. During a solar storm, aircrew may receive their annual radiation limit over a single flight.Stormy space weather affects us on the ground, too. A larger storm in 1989 caused a 10-hour electrical blackout over Canada's Quebec Province, costing the economy a(n) ____38____ C$10 billion. Disturbance of the atmosphere causes problems with radio broadcast and GPS. In September 2017,a huge solar fame ______39_____ just as Hurricane Fran hit the Caribbean. The resultant HF radio blackout held up the emergency response, Meanwhile, beautiful aurora displays were seen in England. Place its beauty aside, then, and the auroral ___40___is nothing other than a giant planetary disturbance, more of a worry than a wonder for some people. Yet seldom do such disturbances have such fascinating side effects as that of the aurora dancing across our Arctic skies.Keys: 31-35 JBAED 36-40 KCFGISection BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.The human body can tolerate only a small range of temperature, especially when the person is engaged in vigorous activity. Heat (31) _______ usually occur when large amounts of water and/or salt are lost through oversweating following exhausting exercise. When the body becomes overheated and cannot (32) _______ this overheatedness, heat exhaustion and heat stroke are possible.Heat exhaustion is generally (33) _______ by sweaty skin, tiredness, sickness, dizziness, plentiful sweating, and sometimes fainting, resulting from a(n) (34) _______ intake of water and the loss of fluids. First aid treatment for this condition includes having the victim lie down, (35) _______ the feet 8 to 12 inches, applying cool, wet cloths to the skin, and giving the victim sips of salt water (1 teaspoon per glass, half a glass every 15 minutes) over a 1-hour period.Heat stroke is much more serious; it is a(n) (36) _______ life-threatening situation. The characteristics of heat stroke are a high body temperature (which may reach 106° F or more); a rapid pulse; hot, dry skin; and a blocked sweating (37) _______. Victims of this condition may be unconscious, and first-aid measures should be (38) _______ at quickly cooling the body. The victim should be placed in a tub of cold water or (39) _______ sponged with cool water until his or her temperature is sufficiently lowered. Fans or air conditioners will also help with the cooling (40) _______. Care should be taken, however, not to over-chill the victim once the temperature is below 102° F.Keys: 31-35 FHIAG 36-40 JKEBCSection BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.They’re till kids, and although there’s a lot that the experts don’t yet know about them, one thing they do agree on is that what the kids use and expect from their world has changed rapidly. And it’s all because of technology.To the psychologists, sociologists, and media experts who study them, their digital devices set this new group ___31___ , even from their Millennial(千禧年的) elders, who are quite familiar with technology. They want to be constantly connected and available in a way even their older brothers and sisters don’t quite get. These differences may appear slight, but they ___32___ the appearance of a new generation.The ___33___ between Millennial elders and this younger group was so evident to psychologist Larry Rosen that he has ___34___the birth of a new generation in a new book, Rewired: Understanding the ingeneration and the Way They Learn, out next month. Rosen says the technically ___35___ life experience of those born since the early 1990s is so different from the Millennial elders he wrote about in his 2007 book, Me, MySpace and I: Parenting the Net Generation, that they distinguish themselves as a new generation, which he has given them the nickname of “ingeneration”.Rosen says portability is key. They are ___36___ from their wireless devices, which allow them to text as well as talk, so they can be constantly connected-even in class, where cell phones are ___37___ banned.Many researchers are trying to determine whether technology somehow causes the brains of young people to be wired differently. “They should be distracted and should perform more poorly than they do,” Rosen says. “But findings show teens ___38___ distractions much better than we would predict by their age and their brain development.”Because these kids are more devoted to technology at younger ages, Rosen says, the educational system has to change ___39___."The growth on the use of technology with children is rapid, and we run the risk of being out of step with this generation as far as how they learn and how they think, we have to give them options because they want their world ___40___.” Rosen says.Keys: 31-35 JEHAG 36-40 KIBFCSection BDirections:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Welcome to Windsor CastleWindsor Castle is the oldest and largest occupied castle in the world and the Official Residence of the Queen of Britain. Over a period of nearly 1,000 years it has been ___31___ continuously, and altered and redecorated by monarchs(君主)one after the other. Some were great builders, strengthening the Castle against ___32___ and rebellion; others, living in more peaceful times, created a grand Royal residence. William the Conqueror chose the site, high above the river Thames and on the edge of a Saxon hunting ground. It was a day’s march from the Tower of London and intended to guard the western ___33___ to the capital. The outer walls of today’s structure are in the same position as those of the ___34___ castle built by William the Conqueror in the 1070s.The Queen uses the Castle both as a private home, where she usually spends the weekend, and as a Royal residence at which she undertakes certain formal duties. Windsor Castle is ___35___ used by the Queen to host State Visits from overseas monarchs and presidents. Every year the Queen takes up official residence in Windsor Castle for a month over Easter (March-April).The Castle is huge, so people tend to head for the most ___36___ bits---the State Apartments, St. George’s Chapel, the Gallery and the delightful Queen Mary’s Dolls House. Works of art, antique furniture, curiosities and impressive architecture reflect the tastes of many different royal generations. The State Apartments are ___37___ decorated formal rooms still used for state and official functions.The magnificent and beautiful St. George’s Chapel was started in 1475 by Edward IV and was completed 50 years later by Henry VIII. It ___38___ among the finest examples of late medieval architecture in the UK.The Drawings Gallery ___39___ the exhibition “The Queen: 60 Photographs for 60 Years”. The exhibition presents portraits of the Queen ___40___ in brief moments on both official occasions and at relaxed family gatherings.Keys: 31-35 IAHBC 36-40 DFKEGSection BDirections:Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Artificial skin is a substitute for human skin produced in the laboratory, typically used to treat burns. Different types of artificial skin differ in their complexity, but all are designed to ___31___ at least some of the skin's basic functions, which include protecting against wetness and infection and regulating body heat.Skin is primarily made of two layers: the uppermost layer, the epidermis, which serves as a protection against the environment; and the dermis, the layer below the epidermis. The dermis also contains substances, which help to make the skin ___32___ and maintain its biological functions.Artificial skins close wounds, which prevents bacterial infection and water loss and in result the wounded skin can ___33___. For example, one commonly used artificial skin, Integra. functions as a support between cells that helps regulate cell behavior and causes a new dermis to form by promoting cell growth and collagen(股原质) ___34___. The Integra “dermis” is also biodegradable(可生物降解的). It is gradually absorbed and replaced by the new dermis.Aside from its uses in the clinical35, artificial skin may also be used to model human skin for research. For example, artificial skin is used as an alternative in animal testing. Such testing may cause ___36___ pain and discomfort to the animals and it does not ___37___ predict the response of human skin. Some companies like L’óreal have already used artificial skin to test many ___38___ ingredients and products. Other research applications include how skin is affected by UV exposure and how certain substances in sunscreen and medicines are transported through skin.Today new technology has been developed by growing ___39 ___ of skin taken from the patient or other humans. One major source is the foreskins of newborns. Such cells often do not stimulate the body’s immune system-a mechanism that allows babies to develop within their mother’s body-and hence are much less likely to be ___40___ by the patient's body.Keys: 31-35 FCEAI 36-40 KJGBDSection BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only beused once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Keys: 31-35 IEDCJ 36-40 AGKHFSection BDirections:Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.The Father of JD PrintingAbout twenty years ago, the surgeons at the Wilford Hull medical center working to separate a pair of conjoined(连体的) twins thought that only one would be able to walk after the operation. After a model of the girls’ bone structure was ____31____ using 3D printing, however, they found a shared upper leg bone to be bigger than expected and split it successfully, ____32_____ in both twins being able to walk. Now eighty and still working as chief technology officer of 3D Systems. Chuck Hull is enjoying some minor ____33____ 31 years after he first printed a small black eye-wash cup using a new method of manufacturing known as 3D printing.At the time, he was working for a company that used UV light to put thin layers of plastic coats on tabletops and ____34____. He had an idea that if he could place thousands of thin layers of plastic on top of each other and then cut their shape using light, he would be able to form three dimensional objects. After a year, he ____35____ a system where light was shone into a bottle of photopolymer – a material which changes from liquid to plastic-like solid when light shines on it –and traces the shape of one level of the object. Subsequent layers are then printed until it is ____36_____.After patenting the invention, he set up 3D Systems, ____37____ getting $6m (£3.5m) from a Canadian investor. The first ____38____ product came out in 1988 and proved a hit among car manufacturers, in the aerospace sector and for companies designing medical equipment. The possibilities appear endless – from home-printed food and medicine to ____39____ that pictures of objects be able to be taken in shops and then recreated using plans downloaded from the Internet Although deliberate in his responses, there is one moment when the ____40____ spoken Chuck Hull tells of his surprise about what exactly his creation was capable of achieving.Keys: 31-35 ADCBF 36-40 HGJEKSection BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Want to figure out if someone is a psychopath (精神变态者)? Ask them what their favourite song is. A New York University study last year found that people who loved Eminem’s Lose Yourself and Justin Bieber’s What Do You Mean? were more likely to ___31___ highly on the psychopathy scale than people who were into Dire Straits.Over the past few years, Spotify has been enhancing its data analytic ___32___ in an attempt to help marketers ___33___ consumers with adverts tailored to the mood they’re in. They infer this from the sort of music you’re listening to, ___34___with where and when you’re listening to it, along with third-party data that might be available.Now, to be clear, there’s nothi ng particularly ___35___ about what Spotify is doing with your data. I certainly don’t think that they are working with shadowy consulting firms to serve you ads promoting a culture war while you’re listening to the songs that ___36___ you might be in a casually racist mood. Nevertheless, I find it ___37___ that our personal private moments with music are increasingly being turned into data points and sold to advertisers.You can see where this could go, can’t you? As ad targeting gets ever more complicated, marketers will have the ability to target our emotions in ___38___ exploitative ways. According to one study, titled Misery Is Not Miserly, you are more likely to spend more on a ___39___ if you’re feeling sad. You can imagine some companies might take a dvantage of that. And on that note, I’m feeling a little down about all this. I’ll ___40___ off to treat myself to something expensive.Keys: 31-35 IHFAK 36-40 GDJECSection BDirections:Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.The ability of the herd mentality(从众心理) to increase people’s chances of liking or believing something may help explain a wide variety of phenomena. Aral (A managerial economist at the Massachusetts institute of technology) says, from housing ____31____ to gold prices and from political polls to restaurant reviews, the ____32____ that other people like something has a powerful ability to make people like it themselves.The new study ____33____ how simple it would be for companies to control reviews of their products by simply adding a few positive ____34____ of their own early reviews in the process, Aral adds.It found that effects were strongest when stories were about politics, business and cultures than for fun or lifestyle pieces. In situations where there are more ____35____ news reviews, you have to be a little more cautious about interpreting likes and dislikes.“Think twice before you trust, how many likes something has,” he adds. “That’s something you have to ____36____ with a grain of salt (持怀疑态度).” And it’s a situation many online users ____37____ on a daily basis.Aral recently went on Yelp website to review a restaurant with a plan to give it three out of five stars, but when he got to the ____38____, he was shown how other people describe the same place and those reviews include someone with five stars. Seeing those positive reviews made him think twice about his own ____39____ average opinion.“A woman ____40____ how great it is, how great her great prices are and how the lemon sauce is so great,” he says. “Maybe it’s not such a goo d idea to say some rating right before you make your own.”Keys: 31-35 GFIDC 36-40 ABKEJSection BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Dealing with Difficult RelationshipsEveryone has at least one awkward or ____31____ relationship. It may be with somebody who will ____32____ your energy whenever you are with them. Or worse, it could be someone who always cuts you down. This person may be a family member or even a friend. No matter who it is, it’s nece ssary that you learn to set boundaries for yourself. Otherwise this kind of relationship can chip away at your self-esteem.Setting boundaries for difficult relationships starts by ____33____ how you are affected by the relationship. Do they bring you clos er to your goals or pull you farther away? For example, it’s time to study for tomorrow’s test. But your friend wants to take you to a party. Here, setting boundaries will help protect your ____34____ goals.Next, decide how much time you should spend with these people. It’s easy to overcommit yourself. But it’s difficult to help others if you forget to protect your own ____35____.How do you know if a relationship is unhealthy, and it’s time to set boundaries? Here are a few practical questions to ask yourself.1. How does this relationship affect me?Every ____36____ can affect you positively or negatively. For example, someone whopressures you to something you’re not comfortable doing will ____37____ you out. But a friend who considers how you feel will respect your ____38____ to try something new.2. Why am I in this relationship in the first place?People may try to keep you in an unhealthy relationship. By ____39____ you it’s your obligation or duty, you forget about your own needs. Sadly, by remaining ____40____ to these people, you forget who you are. You allow them to take advantage of you or even belittle you.Settling boundaries requires taking a long, honest look at yourself. By saying “no” to harmful patterns in relationships, you say “yes” to a healthier you.Keys: 31-35 JHEGC 36-40 FIAKBSection BDirections:Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Is climate change consuming your favorite foods?Coffee: Whether or not you try to limit yourself to one cup of coffee a day, the effects of climate change on the world’s coffee-growing regions may leave you little choice. Coffee plantations in South America, Africa, Asia and Hawaii are all being threatened by rising air temperatures and unstable rainfall patterns, which invite disease and ____32____ species to live on the coffee plant and ripening beans. The result? Significant cuts in coffee yield and less coffee in your cup. It is estimated that, if current climate patterns continue, half of the areas ____33____ suitable for coffee production won't be by the year 2050.Tea: When it comes to tea, warmer climates and erratic precipitation aren’t only ____34____ the world’s tea-growing regions, they’re also messing with its distinct flavor. For example, in India, researchers have already discovered that the Indian Monsoon has brought more intense rainfall, making tea flavor weaker. Recent research coming out of the University of Southampton suggests that tea-producing areas in some places, ____35____ East Africa, could decline by as much as 55 percent by 2050 as precipitation and temperatures change. Tea pickers are also feeling the ____36____ of climate change. During harvest season, increased air temperatures are creating an increased risk of heatstroke for field workers.Seafood: Climate change is affecting the world's aquaculture as much as its agriculture. As air temperatures rise, oceans and waterways absorb some of the heat and ____37____ warming of their own. The result is a decline in fish population, including in lobsters (who are cold-blooded creatures), and salmon (whose eggs find it hard to survive in higher water temps). Warmer waters also _____38_____ toxic marine bacteria, like Vibrio, to grow and cause illness in humans whenever ingested with raw seafood, like oysters or sashimi.And that ____39_____ “crack” you get when eating crab and lobster? It could be silenced as shellfish struggle to build their calcium(碳) carbonate shells, a result of ocean acidification(absorb carbon dioxide from the air). According to a study, scientists predicted that if over-fishing and rising temperature trends continued at their present rate, the world's seafood ____40___ would run out by the year 2050.Keys: 31-35 DJCAI 36-40 KBGEHSection BDirections:Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Getting help with parenting makes a difference -- at any age New Oxford University study finds that parenting interventions(育儿干预) for helping children with behavior problems are just as effective in school age, as in younger children.There is a dominant view among scientists and policy-makers. They believes, for the greatest effect, interventions need to be ___31___ early in life, when children’s brain function and behavior are thought to be more flexible. However, according to the new research, it’s time to stop focusing on when we intervene with parenting, and just continue helping children in need of all ages.Just published in Child Development, the study is one of the first to ___32___ this age assumption. Parenting interventions are a common and effective tool for reducing child behavior problems, but studies of age effects have produced different results until now.A team led by Professor Frances Fardner ___33___ data from over 15,000 families from all over the world, and found no evidence that earlier is better. Older children benefited just as much as younger ones from parenting interventions for reducing behavior problems. There was no evidence that earlier interventions are more powerful. This was based on ___34___ data from more than 150 different experiments.What’s more, their economic analysis found that interventions with older children were。
2019.12.27【高三一模】2020届普陀区高三英语一模(含听力完整版本)
普陀区2019学年第一学期高三英语质量调研英语试卷考生注意：1.考试时间120分钟，试卷满分140分。
2.本次考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。
所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
3.答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上, 在答题纸反面清楚地填写姓名。
I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. She is going to Thailand. B. She is going on vacation.C. She likes collecting postcards.D. She has traveled all over the world.2. A. To go out to have a cup of coffee. B. To enjoy the coffee in the office.C. To make a cup of coffee for him.D. To help him finish the program.3. A. In a civil court. B. In a cybercafé. C. At a sports club. D. At a theatre.4. A. Engineering. B. Geography. C. Math. D. Physics.5. A. 14:00. B. 17:00 C. 18:00. D: 19:00.6. A. The man will pick up Professor Rice at her office.B. The man didn’t expect his paper to be graded so soon.C. Professor Rice has given the man a very high grade.D. Professor Rice won’t see her student in her office.7. A. She had to be a liar sometimes. B. She is required to be slim.C. She had little chance for promotion.D. Her salary is not satisfactory.8. A. There was no park nearby.B. The woman hasn’t seen the film yet.C. The weather wasn’t ideal for a walk.D. It would be easier to go to the cinema.9. A. Dr. White comes from Greece.B. The woman couldn't understand Greek at all.C. The woman didn’t follow the professor’s explanation.D. Dr. White talked about the geography of Greece yesterday.10. A. It is more comfortable and convenient to take a bus.B. It is worth the money taking a plane to V ancouver.C. It is not always more expensive going by air.D. It is faster to go to Vancouver by bus.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Babies have the ability to learn before birth.B. Newborn babies are influenced by mothers’ ability.C. Newborn babies can recognize the sounds of their mother.D. Babies only want food and to be kept warm and dry.12. A. By 18 months of age. B. By 6 months of age.C. By two years of age.D. By one year of age.13. A. They can recognize the different surroundings.B. They can identify the sounds of the mother tongue.C. They can imitate the sounds of the second language.D. They can differ the sounds of two different languages.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. To form an official league team. B. To join the Organization Earth.C. To win the world championship.D. To compete with Greece’s best teams.15. A. A luxurious life is no longer a dream.B. Life in the refugee camp is at times tense.C. The players care more about their racial identity.D. There are fewer fights between people of different races.16. A. Organization Earth is composed of refugees.B. The love for the football brings the refugees together.C. Greek government provides support for football training.D. Hope Refugee United has beaten the Greece’s best team.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. A tourist guidebook. B. An annual traveler report.C. A travelling magazine.D. An airport ranking list.18. A. 3 weeks. B. 13 days. C. 31 hours. D. 3 hours.19. A. To illustrate the poor service.B. To state the cause of the delay.C. To praise the kindness of other passengers.D. To complain about the position of the Gate.20. A. They provide useless directions and services.B. They are completely indifferent to travelers’ needs.C. They are extremely caring about passengers’ safety.D. They provide the wrong address of the nearby hospital.II. Grammar and vocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Surprise! A New PenguinA team of scientists in New Zealand recently came across the remains of a previously unknown species of penguin—by mistake. The discovery of the Waitaha penguin species, which has been extinct for 500 years, is exciting news for the scientific community (21) _______ it gives new insight into how past extinction events can help shape the present environment.The researchers uncovered the Waitaha penguin remains while studying New Zealand’s rare yellow-eyed penguin. The team wanted to investigate the effects (22) _______ humans have had on the now endangered species. They studied centuries-old bones from (23) _______ they thought were yellow-eyed penguins and compared them with the bones of modern yellow-eyed penguins. Surprisingly, some of the bones were older than (24) _______ (expect). Even more shockingly, the DNA in the bones indicated that they did not belong to yellow-eyed penguins. The scientists concluded that these very old bones (25) ________ have belonged to a previously unknown species, which they named the Waitaha penguin.By studying the bones, scientists further concluded that the Waitaha penguin was once native (26) ________ New Zealand. But after the settlement of humans on the island country, its population (27) ________ (wipe) out.Based on the ages of the bones of both penguin species, the team discovered a gap in time between the disappearance of the Waitaha and the arrival of the yellow-eyed penguin. The time gap indicates that the extinction of the Waitaha penguin created the opportunity for the yellow-eyed penguin population (28) ________ (migrate) to New Zealand.(29) _________ yellow-eyed penguins thrived （兴盛）in New Zealand for many years, that species now also faces extinction. The yellow-eyed penguin today is considered one of the world’s (30) ________ (rare) species of penguin, with an estimated population of 7,000 that is now the focus of an extensive conservation effort in New Zealand.Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Autism Spectrum DisorderAutism Spectrum Disorder, or ASD, affects how people communicate with and relate to others. Most people with autism don’t understand some of the basic social __31__ that others take for granted. They might have trouble making eye contact, holding a conversation, or recognizing gestures. And over one-third of people with ASD are nonverbal, meaning they don’t use speech. Along with communication __32__, people with autism often like to follow certain patterns or __33__ behaviors. Many are sensitive to bright light or loud noises, and others have physical problems, like trouble walking or picking up small objects. Some have __34__ disabilities, but about half have average or above average IQs. It’s also common for people with autism to hav e a great long-term memory for certain details, and many excel in math, science, music, or art.With such a wide variety of symptoms, no two people with ASD are alike. The behaviors vary so much that they used to be __35__ as different disorders. One was Asperger Syndrome, where people obsess over particular topics, __36__nonverbal social cues, and may not understand appropriate social behaviors.Even though there’s no cure for ASD, therapy and medication can help people adjust. Scientists are also doing clinical __37__ to find other solutions. They’ve learned that 1 out of every 68 children in the US has the disorder, but they still aren’t sure what causes it. No matter why it happens, ASD is being __38__ at a higher rate every year. This doesn’t mean it’s becoming more common. It just means more people are aware of the condition and getting professional help early, and awareness is __39__. The more we learn about autism, the more we can understand and relate to those who have it.It’s important to note that people with ASD deserve the same respect, fairness and chances that people without ASD receive. This will help people with ASD __40__ and grow in our communities.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Stage FrightFall down as you come onstage. That’s an odd trick. Not recommended. But it saved the pianist Feltsman when he was a teenager back in Moscow. The experienced cellist Rostropovich tripped him purposely to __41__ him of pre-performance panic. Mr. Feltsman sa id, “All my fright was gone. I already fell. What else could happen?”Today, music schools are addressing the problem of __42__ in classes that deal with performance techniques and career preparation. There are a variety of strategies that musicians can learn to fight stage fright and its symptoms: icy fingers, shaky limbs, racing heart, __43__ mind.Teachers and psychologists offer wide-ranging __44__, from basics like learning pieces inside out, to mental discipline, __45__ visualizing a performance and t aking steps to relax. Don’t deny that you’re tense, they urge; some excitement is __46__, even necessary for dynamic playing. And play in public often, simply for the experience.Psychotherapist Diane Nichols suggests some strategies for the moments before __47__, “Take two deep abdominal(腹部) breaths, open up your shoulders, then smile,” she says. “And not one of these ‘please don’t kill me’ smiles. Then choose three friendly faces in the __48__, people you would communicate with and make music to, and make eye contact with them. “She doesn’t want performers to think of the audience as a judge.Extreme demands by conductors or parents are often __49__ stage fright, says Dorothy Delay, a well-known violin teacher. She tells other teachers to demand only what their students are able to achieve. .When Lynn Harrell was 20, he became the principal cellist of the Cleverland Orchestra, and he suffered extreme stage fright. “There were times when I got so nervous I was sure the audience could see my chest responding to the heartbeat, which was just total __50__. I came to a point where I thought, ‘If I have to go through this to play music, I think I’ m going to look for another job.’” Recovery, he said, involved developing humbleness—recognizing that whatever his talent, he was likely to make mistakes, and that an __51__ concert was not a disaster.It is not only __52__ artists who suffer, of course. The legendary pianist Vladimir Horowitz’s nerves were famous. The great singer Franco Corelli is another example. “We had to push him on stage,” his partners recalled.__53__, success can make things worse. “In the beginning of your career, when you’re scared to death, nobody knows who you are, and they don’t have any __54__,” Singer June Anderson said. “There’s less to lose. Later on, when you’re known, people are coming to see you, and they have certain expectations. You have a lot to __55__. ” He added, “I never stop being nervous until I’ve sung my last note.”41. A. assure B. cure C. remind D. rob42. A. anxiety B. adolescence C. principle D. psychology43. A. absent B. blank C. keen D. narrow44. A. advice B. choices C. services D. education45. A. instead of B. along with C. such as D. with regard to46. A. definite B. neutral C. natural D. precious47. A. ceremony B. performance C. lecture D. rehearsal48. A. audience B. orchestra C. staff D. choir49. A. at the face of B. at the root of C. in favour of D. in contrast with50. A. craze B. fault C. failure D. panic51. A. unusual B. imperfect C. invalid D. unpopular52. A. talented B. unknown C. young D. experienced53. A. Actually B. Certainly C. Luckily D. Similarly54. A. appreciation B. contribution C. expectation D. satisfaction55. A. learn B. offer C. say D. loseSection BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Leftover again? HurrayHere’s the deal: You’re as hungry as a horse and you want a delicious meal from a fine restaurant, but you’re a little low on funds.So what do you do? If you happen to live in Europe, the answer is as easy as pie: You pull out your smartphone or tablet, and tap Too Good To Go, Europe’s most popular app. Approximately 23,000 res taurants and food sellers post their leftover offerings on the app for half their usual cost.Why all this incredible generosity? Unbelievably, one-third of the world’s food is thrown away, and nearly one billion people don’t have enough to eat. Besides, b urning wasted food releases harmful carbon dioxide emissions into the atmosphere, which contributes to climate change. That’s why environment-minded companies around the world are creating apps for phones, tablets, and other smart devices that connect uneaten food with people who want or need it.After a long day at work, Anne, a 34-year-old student, pulls out her smartphone and chooses a noodle dish—pasta with mushrooms. Then she heads to a restaurant on the banks of the Spree River, where the owner packs her dinner and also offers her a scoop of free ice cream, which is a reward for bringing her own container.Indeed, there are many programs serving the same mission around the world. In America, people are using an app called Food for All. One hour before a restaurant closes, its staff can post leftover meals to the app for up to 80 percent off menu prices. The app also allows customers to donate leftover meals to others.In the Netherlands, 77,000 people have downloaded an app called NoFoodWasted. This program allows grocery store workers to share products that are approaching their expiration dates with customers who might need them.Some countries are taking their commitment to reducing food waste a step further. France and the Czech Republic, for example, have laws that prohibit restaurants and grocery stores from throwing away food. Instead, workers are required to donate that food to charity.So think about if there might be a better use for your uneaten vegetables. The planet will thank you.56. What is this passage mainly about?A. Restaurants can post leftover meals on the app Food for All.B. Apps are designed connecting leftover food with people in need.C. Stores share food approaching their expiration dates with customers.D. It’s popular for people to claim food that might otherwise be thrown away.57. What is the result when lots of food is thrown out and later burned up?A. Carbon dioxide is given off, worsening the problem of climate change.B. Some countries have laws making restaurants donate the food they make.C. Governments have made many apps that let people find cheap meals.D. Nearly one billion people on the planet do not get enough food to eat.58. What can you infer from the passage?A. Anne packed a tasty pasta and mushroom dish to give away to charity.B. The restaurant Anne visits sells its leftover food at a discount each day.C. The 80-percent-off deal offered on app is not available during lunch hours.D. Laws have been passed to prevent restaurants from throwing out leftover food.59. This passage would be most useful for a student research project on _____.A. application of technology to help solve the problem of leftover foodB. laws to help promote the safe transportation and sale of food productsC. restaurants using high-tech solutions to reduce packaging wasteD. methods to design apps that connect restaurants with customers60. Which medicine may hurt liver according to the instructions?A. Medicine A.B. Medicine B.C. Both medicines.D. Neither medicine.61. These two medicines are most suitable for _____.A. a child who has a common coldB. an adult who has trouble falling asleepC. a teenager who slightly hurt his wristD. an old man who has stomach bleeding62. Which of the following can be found in the instructions?A. Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI).B. Ingredients of the medicine.C. Facts about the origin of the medicine.D. Names of the doctors to consult.Imagine how you’d feel if you had to get more than 9,000 tons of junk out to the sidewalk. That’s how much trash is floating around in space. In fact, there’s about 4 million pounds flying over our heads in low-Earth orbit. Daan, a Dutch artist, and his team at Space Waste Lab have come up with a creative plan that could clear up space junk in a spectacular fashion.①Most space waste comes from dead satellites and rockets. Functioning satellites are the backbone of the information systems that keep our world running smoothly. But all the satellites eventually become obsolete within just a few decades. When they die out, there’s the problem of them drifting in outer space, collecting in what scientists call the “graveyard orbit.”Maybe you’re thinking, “Why should I care about garbage 12,500 miles above me?” Well, all that fun stuff that satellites help beam down to us—mobile games, Instagram, cat videos—could be shut down by space waste. Lots of old junk floating around up there, plus new satellites added each year, means more and more high-speed collisions (碰撞). And when chunks of junk crash into one another, they break apart into millions of pieces, quickly building up speed and turning into fast-moving objects, which are dangerous to operational satellites as well as astronauts working on the International Space Station.②Space waste is a problem that’s escalated so much, some scientists say that by 2050 we’ll be forced to stop launching new spacecraft altogether, including new satellites. Think about that for a minute. When the last satellites finally become disused, GPS, cell phones, and the Internet will no longer function.③So we have to find a way to deal with this space garbage, and Daan pictures a sort of trash pickup, which involves groups of small spacecraft casting large nets into orbit that would collect space debris (碎片) and send it back toward Earth at top speed. Here’s the best part—while reentering Earth’s atmosphere, the pieces of junk would burn up all at once, creating a light show similar to hundreds of shooting stars falling in the night sky. A spectacle indeed!To get ready for such an amazing effort, Space Waste Lab has been traveling to major cities across Europe and enlightening the public on the problem of the junk in space. ④But Daan doesn’t just talk about ways to relieve the problem—he’s created something a little grander than that.In October 2018, his team launched Space Waste Lab Performance, an outdoor art exhibition that shows the location of each piece of space trash using large lasers that make each debris look a bit like a star wandering slowly and silently over the sky, allowing viewers to wave and say, “Hallo, space trash!”63. The word “obsolete” (paragraph 2) is closest in meaning to “______”.A. accessibleB. profitableC. floatingD. outdated64. According to the passage, which sentence best replaces the question mark in the diagram?A. Working satellites can be damaged and astronauts can be hurt.B. Satellites can help people track the weather and find new locations.C. There is more junk floating in space each year as new satellites are added.D. The Space Waste Lab Performance can show people where satellites are located.65. Which of the following best supports the idea that space waste should be dealt with very soon？A. Sentences ①B. Sentence ②C. Sentence ③D. Sentence ④66. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A. Space Junk Harms Digital SystemsB. Artists’ Proposal to Save SpaceC. A New Glimpse into Outer SpaceD. Test of Waste Collection NetsSection CDirections:Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.How Col leges Can Measure Up in Teaching “Critical Thinking”After becoming president of Purdue University in 2013, Mitch Daniels asked the teaching staff to prove that their students have actually achieved one of higher education’s most important goals: critical thinking skills. ___67___ Mr. Daniels needed to justify the high cost of attending Purdue to its students and their families. After all, the percentage of Americans who say a college degree is “very important” has fallen dramatically in the last 5-6 years.Purdue now has a pilot test to assess students’ critical thinking skills. ____68____ However, they need not worry so much. The results of a recent experiment showed that professors could use standard grading scale to measure how well students did in three key areas: critical thinking, written communication and language literacy.___ 69____ The organizers of the experiment concluded that far fewer students were achieving at high levels on critical thinking than they were doing for written communication or language literacy. And that conclusion is based only on students nearing graduation.American universities, despite their global reputation for excellence in teaching, have only begun to demonstrate what they can produce in real-world learning. Knowledge-based degrees are still important, but employers are demanding advanced thinking skills from college graduates. ____70____IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.New Research on Kids’ Poor Math AchievementIf the thought of a math test makes you break out in a cold sweat, Mom or Dad may be partly to blame, according to the new research published in Psychological Science.A team of researchers found that children of math-anxious parents learned less math over the school year and were more likely to be math-anxious themselves—but only when these parents provided frequent help on the child’s math homework.Previous research from this group has established that when teachers are anxious about math, their students learn less math during the school year. The curren t study is novel in that it establishes a link between parents’ and children’s math anxiety. These findings suggest that adults’ attitudes toward math can play an important role in children’s math achievement.“We often don’t think about how important parents’ own attitudes are in determining their children’s academic achievement. But our work suggests that if a parent is walking around saying ‘Oh, I don’t like math’ or ‘this stuff makes me nervous,’ kids pick up on this messaging and it affects their success,” explained Beilock, professor in psychology.“Math-anxious parents may be less effective in explaining math concepts to children, and may not respond well when children make a mistake or solve a problem in a novel way,” added Levine, Beilock’s coll eague.438 first- and second-grade students and their primary caregivers participated in the study. Children were assessed in math achievement and math anxiety at both the beginning and end of the school year. As a control, the team also assessed reading achievement, which they found was not related to parents’ math anxiety. Parents completed a questionnaire about their own nervousness and anxiety around math and how often they helped their children with math homework.The researchers believe the link bet ween parents’ math anxiety and children’s math performance stems more from math attitudes than genetics.V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 后悔虚度光阴有意义吗？(point)73. 科学家们已证明，“吸猫撸狗”是一种减轻压力的有效方式。
2019-2020学年上海市普陀区沙田学校高三英语一模试卷及参考答案
2019-2020学年上海市普陀区沙田学校高三英语一模试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AIn his 402nd anniversary year, Shakespeare is still rightly celebrated as a great language master and writer. But he was not the only great master of play writing to die in 1616, and he is certainly not the only writer to have left a lasting influence on theater.While less known worldwide, Tang Xianzu is considered one of Chinas greatest playwrights and is highly spoken of in that country of ancient literary and dramatic traditions.Tang was born in 1550 inLinchuan,Jiangxiprovince. Unlike Shakespeare's large body of plays,poems and sonnets (十四行诗), Tang wrote only four major plays: The Purple Hairpin, Peony Pavilion (《牡丹亭》), A Dream under the Southern bough, and Dream of Handan. The latter three were constructed around a dream narrative, a way through which Tang unlocked the emotional dimension of human desires and ambitions and explored human nature beyond the social and political limits of that time.Similar to Shakespeare, Tang's success rode the wave of a renaissance (复兴) in theater as an artistic practice. As in Shakespeare'sEngland, Tang's works became hugely popular inChinatoo. During Tang'sChina, his plays were enjoyed performed, and changed. Kunqu Opera, a form of musical drama, spread from southernChinato the whole nation and became a symbol of Chinese culture. Combining northern tune and southern music, kunqu Opera was known for its poetic language, music, dance movements and gestures. Tang's works benefited greatly from the popularity of kunqu Opera, and his plays are considered classics of kunqu Opera.While Tang and Shakespeare lived in a world away from each other, there are many things they share in common, such e humanity of their drama, their heroic figures, their love for poetic language, a lasting popularity and the anniversary during which we still celebrate them.1. Why is Shakespeare mentioned in the first paragraph?A. To describe Shakespeare's anniversary.B. To introduce the existence of Tang Xianzu.C. To explain the importance of Shakespeare.D. To suggest the less popularity of Tang Xianzu.2. What's possibly one of the main theme of Tang's works?A. Social reality.B. Female dreams.C. Human emotions.D. Political environment.3. What does the author mainly tell us in Paragraph 4?A. The influence of Kunqu Opera on Tang's works.B. Tang's success in copying Shakespeare's styles.C. The way Kunqu Opera became a symbol of Chinese culture.D. Tang's popularity for his poetic language and music.BRain is vital to life on Earth. However, rain isn’t just made of water anymore—it’s partly made of plastic.Millions of tiny pieces of plastic, called microplastics, are wandering around Earth’s atmosphere and traveling across entire continents according to a study published in one journal on April 12.Microplastics are plastic particles less than 5 millimeters in diameter and come from a number of sources. Plastic bags and bottles released into the environment break down into smaller and smaller bits. Some microplastics are produced deliberately to provide abrasion(研磨)in products, such as toothpaste and cleansers. Another major source is your washing machine. When you wash clothing, tiny microfibers get washed away with the wastewater. Even though the water is treated by a wastewater plant, the microplastics remain,and they are released into the sea.Plastic rain may remind people of acid rain, but the former is far more widespread and harder to deal with. The tiny particles, too small to be seen with the naked eye, are collected by the wind from the ground. They are so light that they stay in the air to be blown around the globe. As they climb into the atmosphere, they are thought to act as nuclei (核心) around which water vapor (水蒸气) combines to form clouds. Some of the dust falls back to land in dry conditions, while the rest comes down as rain.Microplastics have been found everywhere you can imagine. From fish and frogs to mice and mosquitoes, their bodies have been found on average to contain 40 pieces of microplastic. As the top of the food chain, humans are exposed to microplastics, too. “We live on a ball inside a bubble,” microplastic researcher Steve Allen said. “There are no borders, there are no edges. It rains on the land and then gets blown back up into the air again to move somewhere else. There’s no stopping it once it’s out.”4. What do we know about microplastics?A. They have a diameter of over 5 millimeters.B. They have become a threat to humans.C. They are light and can be easily dealt with.D. They cause acid rain and plastic rain.5. What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about?A. Waysto deal with microplastics.B. The wide use of microplastics.C. Where microplastics come from.D. How microplastics pollute water.6. What does Steve Allen want to tell us in the last paragraph?A. No place can be safe from microplastic pollution.B. The atmosphere possesses the ability to self-cleanse.C. Countries should work together to fight pollution.D. Wind causes microplastics to move somewhere else.7. The main purpose of the article is to________.A. call on people to use fewer plastic productsB. warn people of the danger of microplasticsC. introduce the sources and effects of microplasticsD. make a comparison between acid rain and plastic rainCI’ve been putting my passport to good use lately. I use it asa coaster and to level unsteady table legs. It makes an excellent cat toy.Welcome to the pandemic (疫情) of disappointments. Canceled trips or ones never planned in case they would be canceled. Family reunions, study-abroad years, lazy beach vacations. Poof. Gone. Ruined by a tiny virus, the list of countries where our passports are not welcome is long.It is not natural for us to be this sedentary (定居的). Travel is in our genes. For most of the time our species has existed, we've lived as nomadic (游牧的) hunter-gatherers. But what if we can't move? What's a traveler to do? There are ways to answer that question. "Despair," though, is not one of them.We are an adaptive species. We can tolerate brief periods of forced sedentariness. We pass the days glancing through old travel journals and Instagram posts. We gaze at souvenirs. All this helps. For a while. Then, what hope do we have?I think hope lies in the very nature of travel. Travel involves wishful thinking. It demands a leap of faith, and of imagination, to board a plane for some faraway, land. Travel is one of the few activities we engage in not knowing the outcome and are drunk in that uncertainty. Nothing is more forgettable than the trip that goes exactly asplanned.That's one reason why I have faith in travel's future. In fact, I'd argue travel is an essential activity. It's not essential the way hospitals and grocery stores are essential. Travel is essential the way books and hugs are essential. Food for the soul. Right now, we're between courses, enjoying where we've been, expecting where we'll go. Maybe it'sZanzibarand maybe it's the campground down the road that you've always wanted to visit.8. From the first paragraph we learn that the author is _______ .A. desperateB. humorousC. boredD. worried9. From the author's perspective, what's the point of travel?A. To feel hopeful.B. To make a wish.C. To take adventures.D. To broaden horizons.10. How is the passage mainly developed?A. By showing evidences.B. By providing examples.C. By making comparisons.D. By interpreting opinions.11. What does the passage mainly talk about?A. Where to go for a trip.B. Why people need to travel.C. How to fight the pandemic.D. What people should do at home.DSome of my earliest memories involve sitting with my dad in his study every evening when he came home from the office. I’d watch as he put his personal items away: his watch, wallet, comb and car keys would always occupy the same spot on the table every time.Dad’s comb was bought when he married Mum. Every evening, he would smile, hand me the comb and say: “Be a good girl and help Daddy clean it, OK?” I was more than happy to do it. This seems amundanetask, but it brought me such joy at that time. I would excitedly turn the tap on, then brush the comb with a used toothbrush as hard as I could. Satisfied that I’d done a good job, I would proudly return the comb to Dad. He would smile at me, and place the comb on top of his wallet.About two years later, Dad started his own business. I started primary school. That was when things started to change. Dad’s business wasn’t doing so well, and he didn’t come home as much as he used to. Over the years, I stopped waiting for him to come home.Today, I’ve graduated from college and Dad’s business are better now. Yet the uncomfortable silence between Dad and me continued. Two days before my birthday last year, Dad came home early and said to me, “Hey, would you like to help me clean my comb?” I looked at him a while, then took the comb and headed to the sink. It’s a new comb. I hadn’t noticed that he’d changed it. I brushed the comb, and it hit me then: why, as a child, helping my dad clean his comb was such a joy.I passed the clean comb back to Dad. This time, I noticed my day has aged. But his smile is still as heartwarming as before. Dad carefully places his comb on top of his wallet. After so many years, I guess some things never change. And for that, I’m glad.12. As a child, the author helped her dad clean his comb happily because ________.A. she was good at cleaning the combB. she thought that she should do that as a good girlC. her dad was home early to spend the evening with herD. the comb was important for her father and her mother13. Which of the following words can best replace the underlined wordmundanein paragraph two?A. importantB. excitingC. unnecessaryD. uninteresting14. When the author said, “It’s a new comb. I hadn’t noticed that he’d changed it.”, she felt ________.A. disappointedB. impatientC. tiredD. sorry15. What’s the best title of the passage?A. Evenings With Dad.B. How to Clean the Comb.C. My Memory with My Dad.D. I Love My Family Members.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
(完整版)2019上海高考英语一模语法填空汇编含答案,推荐文档
上海高考英语题型训练: 语法填空2019 年高三英语第一学期期末质量抽查II. Grammar and VocabularySection A, Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Unit 1, 宝ft区：Ten-year-old Annemarie Johansen lives with her family in Copenhagen, Denmark. There are soldiers on the streets, and the c ountry (21) (occupy)by the Nazis. There isn't enough to eat, and the world is at war. Then the Nazis decideto "relocate" the country's Jewish population. The Danes don't know (22)their friends and neighbors are being taken away. They don't know where they are going, either. But they do know that it is wrong and dangerous and that they must help.Number the Stars is a very powerful novel. During World War II, the Nazis (23) (kill) millions of people in Europe. Many of those people were Jewish.But in Denmark, almost all of the Jewish population was saved. Number the Stars is a work of fiction, but it tells the true story of t he Jewish(24) (rescue)during the war. The moving plot is driven by justice, danger and excitement. But the book also deals with significant ideas that are m uch (25) (big)than the story itself.Annemarie must learn that evil doesn't just appear in fairy tales. It's a real thing that affects real people. She must also struggle with questions of loyalty and sacrifice. Who would she die to protect? And is she brave enough (26) (make) that sacrifice? Most importantly, Annemarie learns t hat (27) (be) brave doesn't mean being fearless. It means doing the right thing despite the f act (28) you are afraid, That's heavy stuff for a children's novel.I have taught Number the Stars to many classes at many different levels. It has always been a popular choice. It uses simple language and sentences. It is easy to read and provides clear examples of literary techniques like foreshadowing(预示). But it is also interesting, and the characters a re (29) (engage). The plot is full of tension.Lois Lowry. The author, has written award-winning novels for young people. Number the Stars is a remarkable example of the talent (30) has made her so celebrated.21. is occupied 22. why 23.killed 24. rescued 25. bigger26. to make 27. being 28. that 29. engaging 30. that/whichUnit 2, 长宁区：Planting PatriotismYoung boys are not easily shocked, but 12-year-old Preston Sharp sure knows the feeling. “Yeah, I was surprised and even disappointed, ” Preston said , Preston’s mom , April Sharp said , “It is the first t ime I（21）（see）him like this angry and passionate.”What upset her son so much was visiting his grandpa’s grave in Redding, California ,and realizing that not every veteran(老兵) in the cemetery has a flag. So April told him “son, (22) you are going to complain about something, you have to do something about it or let it go”Next thing April knew, Preston was taking on odd jobs and asking for donations（23 (buy) flags and flowers for every veteran in his grandpa’s cemetery. And when that cemetery(24) (cover), he moved on to another, and then another.Here we are，nearly three years and about 65,000 graves later. He does it every week(25) the weather is like，rain or shine---especially rain，” They were out there in the rain doing their j ob, (26) (protect)us，” Preston said，His devotion is infections.When word gets out(27) Preston will be at a cemetery---he has a Facebook page，Preston Sharp/Vet flags and Flowers---people，like Vietnam veteran Fred Loveland, feel(28) (oblige)to join in, ”It’s amazing，” Loveland said.” What he’s doing b rings (29) out because we can’t believe a young man in this country is doing what he does, ”It is a movement of young and old, of those who served and those who are so grateful for what they did, all led by a proud grandson(30) saw an injustice and decided to do something about it.21. have seen 22.if/when/whenever 23. to buy 24.was covered/had been covered 25 .whatever 26. protecting 27.that 28. obliged 29. us 30. who/thatUnit 3, 崇明区Electric Bike Ban in New York Hurts Food Delivery WorkersA ban on electric bicycles in New York City is hurting delivery workers who depend on them to earn a living. Many of the workers are immigrants.Electric bicycles, or “e-bikes,” look like regular bicycles, but they have electric- powered motors to assist riders in moving the bike forward. Most e-bikes reach speeds of about 32 kilometers an hour, but some can go much (21) (fast).(22) it is legal to own e-bikes in New York City, it is not legal to operate them. Officials there consider the dangerous use of e-bikes on streets and sidewalks as the reason (23) the ban. Last year, the city announced severe measures (24) (mean) to hold e-bike riders and restaurants that employ the riders responsible.E-bike operators can now be fined $500 for breaking the ban. The police (25) also seize the bikes.Many of New York’s delivery workers are Chinese immigrants in their 50s and 60s. Their job requires them to work quickly and for long h ours (26) (earn) enough money to live on.Delivery worker Deqing Lian said it is important to perform quality work (27)their job also depends on tips. He added that when delivery workers are too slow, some people r efuse to pay for the food, which makes the workers’ supervisors angry.Liqiang Liu is an e-bike delivery worker and spokesperson for the New YorkDelivery Workers Union. He says (28) (catch) breaking the ban and having the bike seized would cause costly delays for workers.Do Lee is with the Biking Public P roject, (29) provides assistance to bicycle-related worker s in New York City. He says the city’s ban on e-bikes is unfairly targeting low-paid workers who largely come from the city’s Latino and Asian communities. He does not accept the argument (30) e-bikes present a danger to citizens. However, many New Yorkers are quick to blame e-bike riders for not being safe.21. faster 22. Although/Though/While 23. for 24. meant 25. can26. to earn 27. because/as/since 28. being caught 29. which 30. thatUnit 4, 奉贤区To Be Joyful, To Be YoungWhat really works to make sustainable changes in diet and lifestyle? It’s probably not what you think. In the past 30 years of conducting clinical research, I (21) (learn) that real keys are pleasure, joy and freedom. Joy of living is sustainable; fear of dying is not.Why? Because life is to be enjoyed. There’s no point (22) (abandon) something you enjoy unless you get something back that’s even better, and quickly. When people eat more healthfully, (23) (quit) smoking, and manage stress better, they find they feel so much better, so quickly. It reconstructs the reason for making these changes from fear of dying to joy of living.When you exercise and eat right, your brain receives more blood flow and oxygen, so you become smarter, have more energy, and need less sleep. Two studies showed just walking for three hours per week for only three months caused so many neurons (神经细胞) (24) (grow) that it actually increased the size of people’s brains!Your face receives more blood flow, so your skin glows more and wrinkles less. You look younger and more attractive. In contrast, an unhealthy diet, lasting emotional stress and smoking reduce blood flow to your f ace (25)you age more quickly. Smoking speeds up aging because nicotine contributes to your blood vessel becoming narrower, (26) decreases blood flow to your face and makes it wrinkle prematurely. This is why smokers look years older than they really are.One of the most interesting findings was that the mothers’ awareness of stress was more important than (27) was objectively occurring in their lives. (28)(give) a questionnaire, the women were asked to rate on a three-point scale how stressed they felt each day. The women who realized they were under heavy stress had significantly shortened and damaged telomeres（染色体端粒）compared with (29) who felt more relaxed. Contrarily, some of the women who felt relaxed (30) raising a disabled child had more normal-appearing telomeres.In other words, if you feel stressed, you are stressed.21. have learned 22. abandoning 23. quit 24.to grow 25. so that 26. which27. what 28. Given/Having been given 29. those 30. despite/though/although Unit 5, 虹口区Dear headmaster,On hearing the news that a Reading Festival is to be held on campus on the World Book and Copyright Day and the possible project is open to be recommended, I (21) hardly wait to write to you, sharing my humble opinions.As far as I’m concerned, the theme of the festival can be “sharing”, primarily (22) (consist) of three parts. Firstly, the festival can start with a 30-minute discussion where groups of students can exchange and share what they (23) (expose) to recently, expressing themselves freely. Following this section is the speech. Teacher and student representatives previously selected by us are to share and recommend the book they think really deserving to be read. It’s needless to say that the last sharing section which is the most meaningful is donation, during (24) time everyone present, teachers or students, is expected to donate one or more books to the library. As for w hen (25) (hold) the activity, the afternoon may be an ideal choice so that it won’t interrupt our classes.My advice is justified by the following reasons. First and foremost, it is in the group discussion and exchange that we students can have a thorough idea (26) our peers are reading for the moment, serving as a driving force for our own reading journey. So it is (27) the books recommended. Named by those “idols” in our mind, they will definitely win our heart. As for the donation, the benefits are exactly self-evident. (28) can we share beyond our class or even beyond our school, developing a good campus tradition, but (29) (importantly), these books which are sure to be dusted on our shelves can now be of more value.I’m looking forward to your favorable reply. And (30) is my sincere hope that the festival can be a great success and we can gain a lot from it.Yours, Amy Young21. can 22. consisting 23. have been exposed 24. which 25. to hold26. what 27. with 28. Not only 29. more importantly 30. itUnit 6, 黄浦区Just How Buggy is Your Phone?What item in your home crawls with the most germs? If you say 21 toilet seat, you’re wrong. Kitchen sponges top the list. But cell phones are pretty dirty too. They contain around 10 times as many germs as toilet seats. People touch their phones, laptops, and other digital devices all day long, yet rarely clean t hem.In one incident, a thief paid a terrible price for stealing a germy cell phone. He stole it from a hospital in Uganda during a widespread of the deadly disease Ebola. The phone’s owner reported the theft before 22（die）from the disease. Soon, the thief began showing symptoms a nd finally 23 （confess）to the crime.24 in that unusual case a cell phone carried dangerous bacteria, not all germs are bad. Most cause no harm. In fact, they could provide helpful information. Look atthe surface of your phone carefully. Do you see some dirty mars? “That's all you,” says microbial ecologist Jarrad Hampton-Marcell. “That’s biological information.”It turns out that the types of germs that you apply all over your phone or tablet are different from 25 of your friends and family. They’re like a fingerprint that could identify you. Some day in the future, investigators may use these microbial fingerprints to solve crimes. Phones and digital devices may be one of the best places to look for buggy clues.In a 2017 study, researchers sampled a range of surfaces in 22 participants’ homes, 26 countertops and floors to computer keyboards and mice. Then they tried to match the microbial fingerprints on each object to its owner. The office equipment was easiest to match to its owner. I n an 27 （early）study, a different group of researchers found that they could use microbial fingerprints to identify the person who 28 （use）a computer keyboard even after the keyboard sat untouched for two weeks at room temperature.One day, microbial signatures m ight show 29 people have gone andwhat they have touched. They could prove 30 an unmarked device is y ours. So, sure, your phone is pretty germy. Does that inspire you, or does it just bother you?21. the 22. dying 23.confessed 24. Although/Though 25. those26. from 27. earlier 28. had used 29. where 30. thatUnit 7, 嘉定区People are being lured(引诱) onto Facebook with the promise of a fun, free service, (21) realizing that they’re paying for it by giving up plenty of personal information. Facebook then attempts to make money by selling their datato advertisers that want to send (22) (target) messages.Most Facebook users don’t realize this is happening. Even if they know what the company is up to, they still have no i dea (23) they’re paying for Facebook, because people don’t really know what their personal details are worth.The biggest problem, however, is that the company keeps changing the rules. Early on, you could keep everything private. That was the great thing about Facebook — you could create your own little private network. Last year, the company changed its privacy rules (24) many things—your city, your photo, your friends’ names — were set, by default（默认）, to be shared with everyone on the Internet.According to Facebook’s vice president Elliot Schrage, the company is simply making changes to improve its service, and if people don’t share information, they have a “(25)(satisfying) experience.”Some critics think this is more about Facebook looking to make more money. Its original business model, (26) involved selling ads and putting them at the side of the page, totally failed. Who wants to look at ads when they are connecting with their friends online?So far the privacy issue (27) (land) Facebook in hot water in Washington. In April, Senator Charles Schumer called on Facebook to change its privacy policy. He also urged the Commission to set regulations for social-networking sites.I suspect that whatever Facebook has d one (28) (invade) our privacy is only the beginning, which is why I’m considering (29) (cancel) my account.Facebook is a handy site, but I’m upset by the idea that (30) information is in the hands of people I don’t trust. That is too high a price to pay.21. without 22. targeted 23. what 24. so that 25. less satisfying 26. which 27. has landed 28. to invade 29. cancel(l)ing 30. my Unit 8, 金ft区However depressed you may be feeling now, if you look back, there certainly will have been events that made you happy—maybe the time (21) you bought your first bicycle or you were awarded a scholarship. When good things happen, we feel excited, proud and happy.But the problem is, happiness doesn’t usually last. The excitement of that first bicycle purchase wears off, and the pride in the scholarship gives way to the stress of performing (22) (well) on the next exam.Psychologists call this phenomenon hedonic adaptation (享乐适应症)—that is, (23)good something makes us feel, most of the time we drift back to (24) we started. An often (25) (quote) example is that lottery winners are no happier than non-winners eighteen months after their win.But don’t despair. It is possible to make happiness last. Psychologists have found two anti-adaptation tools that are effective in sustaining happiness: variety and appreciation.Variety is, as we all know, the spice of life. But it’s also a useful weapon (26) adaptation. Positive changes that (27) (experience) in a variety of ways are more likely to lead to lasting happiness. For example, you will feel happier about your volunteer work (28) you are able to cope with new tasks every week. The second tool, appreciation, is in many ways the opposite of adaptation. It’s about focusing on something, instead of letting it fade into the background. It is only when you appreciate s omething (29) an enduring feeling of happiness will follow.Human beings spend a lot of time figuring out what makes them happy, but not enough time (30) (try) to hang on to the happiness they already h ave. This is like focusing all your energy on making more money, without giving any thought to what you will do with the money. The key to happiness is to not only look for new opportunities but also to make the most of the ones you’ve been given. 21. when 22.better 23. no matter how 24. where 25. quoted26. against 27. are experienced 28. if 29. that 30. tryingUnit 9, 静安区“I love the work and experience I’ve gained, but I am frustrated by the disorganized management. Also, I’ve been told I can’t ask for more money. I can get a new job with more pay, but will (21) (leave) within a year hurt my professional reputations?”The answer is , “it depends”.When we choose to leave a new job early, it sends the messagethat(22) is terribly wrong, especially in the current economicclimate(23) unemployment is higher and people are dying for jobs. Thatmeans you will somehow look s uspicious (24) you say about the leave. Saying the work is great but you don’t like management or the pay won’t go over well with employers. To them, it sounds a bit selfish and needy. No doubt, they (25) (question) your ability to be patient or be a good team players.Employers dislike people who are unhappy in job after less than a year. It implies impatience and lack of appreciation for the employer. Plus, you’re getting paid to do work you actually like, so they 26 assume that you can’t put up with a little disorganization. And speaking of pay, most companies work 27 an annual review basis, so suddenly asking for more money doesn’t work for their b udgets. So, what’s the solution?Focus on your desire 28（develop）professionally.“It’s a touch decision to leave this great company. I love the work I am doing. However, it29（make）clear to me that there is no room for me to grow my skills as a professional. My fear is if I stay, I w ill become 30（competitive）down the line. I want to move to a company where I can take my skills and abilities to the next level and create even more value for my employer.”21. leaving 22. it/ something 23. where 24. whatever25. question/ will question 26. may/ might 27. on 28. to develop29. has been made/ is made 30. less competitiveUnit 10, 闵行区We want our children to succeed in school and, perhaps even more importantly, in life. But the paradox(悖论) is that our children can only truly succeed (21)they first learn how to fail. Consider the finding that world-class figure skaters fall over more often in practice than low-level figure skaters. Why are the really good skaters falling over the most?The reason is actually quite simple. Top skaters are constantly challenging themselves in practice. (22) (stretch) their limitations, they keep trying their best. They fall over so often, but it is precisely why they learn so fast. Lower-level skaters have a quite different approach. They are always attempting jumps they can already do very easily, (23) (remain) within their comfort zone. This is why they don’t fall over. In a superficial sense, they look successful, because they are always on their feet. Never (24) (fail) in practice prevents them from making progress.(25)is true of skating is also true of life. James Dyson worked through 5,126 prototypes (原型) for his newest vacuum before coming up with the design(26) made his fortune. These failures were essential to the pathway of learning. As Dyson put(27) : “You can’t develop new technology unless you test new ideas and learn when things go wrong. Failure is essential to invention.”In healthcare, however, things are very different. Clinicians don’t like to admit to failure, partly because they have strong egos ( 自我) —particularly the senior doctors—and partly because they fear litigation (诉讼). The consequence is that (28) learning from failure, healthcare often covers up failure. The direct consequence is that the same mistakes (29) (repeat). According tothe Journal of Patient Safety, 400,000 people die every year in American hospitals alone due to preventable error. (30) healthcare learns to respond p ositivelyto failure, things will not improve.21. if / when 22. To stretch 23. remaining 24. failing 25. What26.which / that 27. it 28.instead of 29. are repeated 30. Until / UnlessUnit 11, 浦东新区Is Climate Change Consuming Your Favorite Foods?Due to climate change, the world’s endangered lists are no longer just for animals. We may not only need to adapt ourselves to living in a warmer world but a (21) (tasty) one as well.As the increased amount of carbon dioxide in the air linked to globalwarming (22) (continue) to affect weather, we often forget that they are also impacting the quantity, the quality, and the growing locations of our food. Some foods have already felt the impact while (23) may even become scarce within the next 30 years.Whether or not you try to limit y ourself (24) one cup of coffee a day, the effects of climate change on the world's coffee-growing regions may leave you little choice.Rising temperatures and unpredictable rainfall patterns are reported to have been threatening coffee plantations in South America, Africa, Asia, and Hawaii. The result? Significant cuts in coffee yield.According to organizations like Australia's Climate Institute, half of the present coffee-producing areas (25) (estimate) not to be suitable by the year 2050, if current climate patterns continue.With temperatures continuously rising, oceans are absorbing some of the heat and undergoing warming of their own, (26) (cause) a decline in fish population, including in lobsters that are cold-blooded creatures, and in salmons(鲑鱼) (27) eggs find it hard to survive in higher water temperatures. Warmer waters also encourage some poisonous marine bacteria to grow and lead to illness in humans whenever (28) (take) with raw seafood, like oysters.And how about that satisfying “crack” which you get when you are eating crabs and lobsters? It could be silenced (29) shellfish have been struggling to build their calciumcarbonate(碳酸钙) shells, which is a result of ocean acidification.Even worse is the possibility (30) we will have no seafood to enjoy at all. In a 2006 Dalhousie University study, scientists predicted that if over-fishing and rising temperature trends continued at their present rate, the world's seafood stocks would run out by the year 2050.21. less tasty 22.continues/is continuing 23. others 24. to 25. are estimated 26. causing 27. whose 28.taken 29. because/since/as 30. that Unit 12, 普陀区The Best Book I’ve Ever ReadFrankly, I have read nearly all of the great works of literature, but no book has ever impressed me as deeply or directly (21)Joel Stein’s Man Made: A Stupid Quest for Masendinity.Haven’t we all, on some level, been Jewish boys in New Jersey in (22)1970s with only female friends, an Easy-Bake oven and a strong preference for show tunes? Haven’t we all had a panic attack (23) learning we’re going to have a son, since that means we’re going to have to figure out how to throw f ootballs, watch other people throw footballs and d ecide (24) to be happy or sad about the results of football throwing? Haven’t we all then tried to correct our lack of maleness by becoming a man, fighting fires with f irefighters, (25) (drive) a Lamborghini and doing three days of Army training camp? I know I h ave.The only parts I didn’t fully enjoy w ere (26) in which the author suffered horribly. After just three hours of training camp, he fainted weakly into the arms of a soldier. The film rights to Man Made have already been sold to Fox, and I hope it gets (27) (turn) into a movie with George Clooney playing the Stein role, since they remind me so much of each other.(28) this is only Stein’s first book, I would already consider him a s someone like David Sedaris, Dave Barry, James Thurber, Mark Twain and Abraham Lincoln. I (29) (recommend) Man Made not just to all my friends and family but also to strangers on Twitter over and over again. My one fear i s (30)after this great achievement, Stein will lose his ability to be a cruel critic of our shallow times.22. as 22. the 23when 24. Whether 25.driving 26. those 27.turned 28. Though/Although/While 29. have recommended 30. that Unit 13, 青浦区Wayward Penguin(企鹅) Released South of New Zealand He needed a little push before speeding backward down a slide. Once in the water, he held his head up for one last look. And then he was gone. The wayward emperor penguin (21) (know) as “Happy Feet” was back home in Antarcti c waters after a temporary stay in New Zealand.Happy Feet was released into the ocean south of New Zealand on Sunday, more than two months after he came ashore on a beach nearly 2,000 miles from home and became an instant celebrity. (22) (speak) from a satellite phone, Wellington Zoo veterinarian Lisa Argilla said Happy Feet’s release went remarkably smoothly. Argilla said crew members from the boat carried the penguin inside his box to the rear part of the ship for his final send-off.(23) when they opened the door of the box, the penguin showed no interest in leaving.“I needed to give him a little tap on his back,” Argilla said.The penguin slipped down the slide on his stomach, bottom first, she said. He resurfaced about 6 feet from the boat, (24) (take) a look up at the people aboard, and then disappeared beneath the surface.“I was really happy to see him go,” Argilla said. “The best part of my job is when you get to release animals back into the w ild (25) they are supposed to be.”The 3-foot-tall bird was found on June 20 on Peka Peka Beach, about 40 miles northwest of New Zealand’s capital, Wellington. It has been 44 years (26)an emperor penguin was last spotted in the wild in New Zealand.At first, conservation authorities said they would wait and let nature take itscourse with the penguin. But it soon became clear the bird’s condition was growing(27) (bad), as he swallowed sand and, likely mistaking it for snow.(28) the world watching, authorities finally took action, moving the penguin to the Wellington Zoo four days after he was discovered. It was at the zoo (29) the bird was given a home in a room filled with a bed of ice so he wouldn’t overheat.Now that Happy Feet (30) (nurse) back to health, his chances are as good as they are for any other penguin in the wild.“He swam away, not caring about us anymore,” Argilla said.She paused.“And that is a good thing,” she said.22. known 22. Speaking 23. But 24. took 25. where 26. since26. worse 28. With 29. that 30. has been nursedUnit 14, 松江区Marvel and Disney Remember Stan LeeToday, Marvel Comics and The Walt Disney Company pause and reflect with great sadness on the passing of Marvel Chairman Emeritus, Stan Lee. With a heavy heart, we share our deepest condolences（哀悼）(21) his daughter and brother, and we honor and remember the creator, voice and champion of M arvel.“Stan Lee was as extraordinary as the characters he created. A super hero in his own right to Marvel fans around the world, Stan had the power to inspire, to entertain, and to connect. Nothing but his h eart (22) exceed the scale of his imagination.” said Bob Iger, Chairman and CEO of the Walt Disney C ompany.Stan Lee loved the (23) (write) word from an early age, and wanted to craft stories like those in his favorite books and films, which he consumed greedily. From a simple upbringing in Manhattan, young Stanley worked his way through a series of jobs (24) he found himself an assistant at a comic book publishing company — Timely Comics.Marvel fans found a friend in Stan Lee. He introduced the famous “Stan’s Soapbox” to speak directly to his r eaders, (25) (reach) a personal level rarely seen in comics of the day. Always pushing for new ways of creating comics, Stan also started the “Marve l method” of plotting and art, creating some o f (26) (fantastic) stories in the industry to this day. An entire generation of young readers expanded and strengthened their vocabulary and knowledge through Stan’s stories.Roy Thomas, (27) succeeded Lee as editor-in-chief at Marvel, had visited Lee two days before (28) death to discuss the upcoming book The Stan Lee Story, and stated “I think he was ready to go. But he was still talking about doing more cameos（配角）. (29) he had the energy for it and didn’t have to travel, Stan was always up (30) (do) something more.”Marvel and the entire Walt Disney Company salute the life and career of Stan Lee and offer their undying gratitude for his unmatchable accomplishments within their halls. Every time you open a Marvel comic, Stan will be there.21. with 22. could 23. written 24. until 25. reaching26. the most fantastic 27. who 28. his 29. As long as/So long as 30. to do。
上海市2019年高三英语模拟试题(含答案)
上海市2019届第一次高考模拟考试试卷英语（考试时间120分钟，满分140分。
请将答案填写在答题纸上）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. In a charity shop. B. In a laundry. C. In a dormitory. D. In a clothing store.2. A. $114. B. $86. C. $14. D. $43.3. A. A librarian. B. A secretary. C. A reporter. D. An accountant.4. A. Purchase some ingredients. B. Give the man instructions for the soup.C. Check to see if the soup is ready.D. Write down the directions to the supermarket.5. A. Chocolate is his favourite flavour. B. There’s no more chocolate pudding left.C. He doesn’t want any chocolate pudding.D. He’s already tasted the chocolate pudding.6. A. S he hasn’t called the travel agency yet. B. She doesn’t know when her semester ends.C. The man may have to reschedule his trip.D. The man should take his vacation somewhere else.7. A. Get a ticket from his sister. B. Help his sister out of her conflict.C. Go to the concert with his sister.D. Get a schedule of future performances.8. A. Meet his advisor. B. Track his adviser.C. Adjust his course schedule.D. Follow his course schedule as advised.9. A. He has already paid his landlord for next year’s rent.B. He’s decided how he’s going to spend the prize money.C. He doesn’t know how much his rent is going to increase.D. He’s already planning to enter for next year’s essay contest.10. A. The man can use her electronic dictionary.B. The man should buy a new paper dictionary.C. She can show the man how to use the dictionary.D. She will work more efficiently with his dictionary.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of them. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but thequestions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Napping may help prevent seniors’ memory loss.B. Sleep is good for us both mentally and physically.C. Many Americans do not want to admit they take a nap.D. Taking naps is very common in other parts of the world.12. A. They are afraid of becoming lazy. B. They don’t think napping is common.C. They are too energetic to need a nap.D. They don’t want to be considered weak.13. A. Napping is not as effective for people with sleep disorders.B. Napping cafes have been quite common in American cities.C. Resting in the middle of the work day may cost a lot of money.D. Many Americans are changing their offices into napping rooms.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. A recent survey on unfriendly neighbours.B. A growth in complaints about neighbours.C. The increasing noises made by neighbours.D. Different views on relations between neighbours.15. A. Selfish attitudes. B. High immigration.C. More crowded space.D. Unwillingness to socialize.16. A. We ought to understand the instances better.B. Explanations for the instances have increased.C. It’s easier to make complaints on TV channels.D. The problem can be viewed from another angle.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. The place to buy soap. B. The plans to survive on the campus.C. The way to use drying machines.D. The steps to wash clothes with machines.18. A. It can promote bacteria growth. B. It can produce dirt in the clothes.C. It can be a waste of water and soap.D. It can leave bubbles in the machine.19. A. Excited. B. Shocked. C. Disappointed. D. Embarrassed.20. A. The woman’s mother seldom does things for her.B. American kids become independent even before ten.C. The man and the woman are from different countries.D. In the eye of the man’s mother, independence is important.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Electric Bike Ban in New York Hurts Food Delivery WorkersA ban on electric bicycles in New York City is hurting delivery workers who depend on them to earn a living. Many of the workers are immigrants.Electric bicycles, or “e-bikes,” look like regular bicycles, but they have electric-powered motors to assist riders in moving the bike forward. Most e-bikes reach speeds of about 32 kilometers an hour, but some can go much (21)_____ (fast).(22)_____ it is legal to own e-bikes in New York City, it is not legal to operate them. Officials there consider the dangerous use of e-bikes on streets and sidewalks as the reason (23)_____ the ban. Last year, the city announced severe measures (24)_____ (mean) to hold e-bike riders and restaurants that employ the riders responsible.E-bike operators can now be fined $500 for breaking the ban. The police (25)_____ also seize the bikes.Many of New York’s delivery workers ar e Chinese immigrants in their 50s and 60s. Their job requires them to work quickly and for long hours (26)_____ (earn) enough money to live on.Delivery worker Deqing Lian said it is important to perform quality work (27)_____ their job also depends on tips. He added that when delivery workers are too slow, some people refuse to pay for the food, which makes the workers’ supervisors angry.Liqiang Liu is an e-bike delivery worker and spokesperson for the New York Delivery Workers Union. He says (28)_____ (catch) breaking the ban and having the bike seized would cause costly delays for workers.Do Lee is with the Biking Public Project, (29)_____ provides assistance to bicycle-related workers in New York City. He says the city’s ban on e-bikes is unfairly targeting low-paid workers who largely come from the city’s Latino and Asian communities. He does not accept the argument (30)_____ e-bikes present a danger to citizens. However, many New Yorkers are quick to blame e-bike riders for not being safe.Section BDirections: After reading the passage below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.People Think Meals Taste Better If They Are ExpensiveIt is said that there’s no such thing as a free lunch, but even if you manage to bag a bargain meal, it will not taste as good as a more expensive meal, according to scientists.A new study has found that restaurant 31 who pay more for their meals think the food is tastier than if it is offered for a smaller price. The experts think that people tend to associate cost with quality and this changes their 32 of how food tastes.Scientists at Cornell University in New York studied the eating habits of 139 people enjoying an Italian buffet (自助餐) in a restaurant. The price of the food was set by the 33 at either $4 or $8 for the all-you-can-eat meal. Customers were asked to 34 how good the food tasted, the quality of the restaurant and to leave their names.The experiment 35 that the people who paid $8 for the food enjoyed their meal 11 percent more than those who ate the “cheaper” buffet. Interestingly those that paid for the $4 buffet said they felt guiltier about loading up their plates and felt that they 36 . However, the scientists said that both groups ate around the same quantity of food in total, according to the study 37 at the Experimental Biology meeting this week.Brian Wansink, a professor of 38 behaviour at the university, said: “We were fascinated to find that pricing has little impact on how much one eats, but a huge impact on how you 39 the experience.” He thinks that people enjoyed their food more as they associated cost with quality and that small changes to a restaurant can change how tasty people find their meals.In a(n) 40 study, scientists from the university showed that people who eat in dim lighting consume 175 less calories (卡路里) than people who eat in brightly lit areas.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.How Climate Change Affects Airline FlightsHot weather has forced dozens of commercial flights to be canceled at airports in the Southwest this summer. This flight-disturbing 41 is a warning sign. Climate change is projected to have far-reaching 42 —including sea level rise flooding cities and shifting weather patterns causing long-term declines in agricultural production. And there is evidence that it is beginning to affect the takeoff performance of commercial aircraft, with potential effects on airline 43 .National and global transportation systems and the economic activity they support have been designed for the climate in which it all developed. In the aviation (航空) industry, airports and aircraft are designed for the weather conditions experienced 44 . Because the climate is changing, even fundamental elements like airports and key economic parts like air transportation may need to be45 .As scientists focused on the impacts of climate change and extreme weather on human society and natural ecosystems around the world, our research has quantified how extreme heat associated with our warming climate may affect 46 around the world. We’ve found that major airports from New York to Dubai to Bangkok will see more frequent takeoff weight 47 in the coming decades due toincreasingly common hot temperatures, which can help reduce the aircraft’s weight so as to lower its required takeoff speed.There is obvious evidence that extreme events such as heat waves and coastal flooding are happening with greater frequency and intensity than just a few decades ago. And if we 48 to reduce greenhouse gas emissions significantly in the next few decades, the frequency and intensity of these extremes is projected to increase dramatically.The 49 on aviation may be widespread. Many airports are built near sea level, putting them at risk of more frequent 50 as oceans rise. The frequency and intensity of violent air movement may increase in some regions due to strengthening high-altitude (高海拔的) winds. Stronger winds would force airlines and pilots to change flight lengths and routings, potentially increasing fuel 51 .Many departments of the economy, including the aviation industry, have yet to seriously 52the effects of climate change. The sooner, the better: Both airport construction and aircraft design take decades, and have 53 effects. Today’s newest planes may well be flying in 40 or 50 years, and their 54 are being designed now. The earlier climate impacts are understood and appreciated, the more effective and less costly adaptations can be. Those adaptations may even include innovative ways to dramatically reduce climate-altering emissions across the aviation industry, which would help reduce the problem while also 55 it.41. A. scheme B. heat C. shift D. mess42. A. contributions B. confusions C. feedbacks D. consequences43. A. pilots B. reservations C. costs D. accidents44. A. historically B. enormously C. fundamentally D. domestically45. A. retested B. implemented C. prospected D. reengineered46. A. travels B. developments C. flights D. communications47. A. disorders B. gains C. bans D. restrictions48. A. happen B. fail C. aim D. promise49. A. taxes B. effects C. viewpoints D. comments50. A. flooding B. rotting C. repairing D. transferring51. A. standard B. efficiency C. distribution D. consumption52. A. consider B. avoid C. maximize D. demonstrate53. A. greater B. different C. lasting D. direct54. A. airports B. products C. contracts D. replacements55. A. sneezing at B. responding to C. resulting in D. recovering fromSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.（A）Flu is killing us. The usual response to the annual flu is not enough to fight against the risks we currently face, let alone prepare us for an even deadlier widespread flu that most experts agree will come in the future. Yes, we have an annual vaccine (疫苗), and everyone qualified should get it without question. The reality, however, is that less than half Americans get the flu vaccines. And the flu vaccines we have are only 60% effective in the best years and 10% effective in the worst years. We urgently need a much more effective flu vaccine.In the U.S. alone, seasonal flu can cause up to 36 million infections, three-quarters of a million hospitalizations and 56,000 deaths. We are not investing the resources needed to protect ourselves, our loved ones and our communities.Wh y not? We haven’t been hit by a truly destructive widespread disease in a long time. So as individuals, we let down our guard as our leaders quietly defund and destaff the services we need to protect us.The risk of continued foot dragging is huge. In a severe widespread disease, the U.S. health care system could be defeated in just weeks. Millions of people would be infected by the virus, and would die in the weeks and months following the initial outbreak.The cost of preventing epidemics (流行病) is roughly a tenth of what it costs to cope with them when they hit. In 2012, a call was issued for an annual billion-dollar U.S. commitment to the development of a universal flu vaccine. Six years later, the search for a universal vaccine remains seriously underfunded.The simple reason lies in our collective satisfaction. As soon as headlines about the flu are gone, hospitals are emptied of flu patients, and school and workplace absence rates decline, we go back to business as usual.Leading scientists and public health officials have the capability to keep us much safer from flu. They need your quick and decisive support to succeed. Your action today may be a matter of life and death for you and your loved ones.56. The problem of the current flu vaccines is that _____.A. they are not available every yearB. most Americans are not allowed to get themC. not everyone is qualified for themD. many people still catch flu after getting them57. What does the author mean by “continued foot dragging” in Para graph 4?A. Hospitals cannot meet the needs of patients during flu outbreaks.B. The leaders continue to drag the feet of the patients infected with flu.C. Individuals aren’t alert enough to the underinvestment in flu prevention.D. Flu will certainly become a severe widespread disease in the near future.58. What can be inferred from the passage?A. Science is currently not so developed as to keep us safer from flu.B. The death rate from flu is much higher than that from other diseases.C. The general public is partially to blame for the neglect of flu prevention.D. Developing a universal flu vaccine will cost more than dealing with flu.59. The author wrote the passage mainly to _____.A. teach people more effective ways to fight against fluB. call on people to take flu outbreaks far more seriouslyC. encourage medical scientists to develop more flu vaccinesD. urge the government to publicize the risks of widespread flu（B ）How to get your tax refundAt the storeGet a Global Blue Tax Free Form. If you do not have a SHOP TAX FREE Card, see “How to fill in yourTax Free Forms”.Make sure your Tax Free Form is filled in before arriving at the point of departure.Remember no refund without:♦ CompletedForm ♦ Receipts attached ♦ Customs validation (验证)At the point of departureFor non-EU residents onlyGoods carried in checked-in luggage:1. Check your luggage in at the check-in counter; tell the check-in clerk you need it back for Customspurposes.2. Take the labelled luggage to Customs, show the goods, and have your Tax Free Forms stamped.3. Cash in your stamped Form at the appropriate refund service provider.Goods carried in hand luggage:1. Go to Customs after passport control, show the goods, and have your Tax Free Forms stamped.Please note: Customs clearance of goods in hand luggage can only take place at the last EU airportbefore you finally leave the EU.2. Cash in your stamped Form at the appropriate bank counter or post it to the appropriate refund serviceprovider.Allow time for the refund process. Go to Customs before or after check-in, see Refund Office list. Presentyour completed Tax Free Forms, receipts, passport, and purchased items to get a stamp.Go to a Refund Office displaying the Global Blue logo (标识). Receive your refund paid to your creditcard within five days or in cash.In a rush? Mail your stamped and completed Tax Free Forms and receipts back to us in the envelopeprovided and get your refund paid to your credit card within three weeks.* EU: European Union60. Whom is the above information intended for?A. EU residents who want to get their tax refunded.B. Non-EU residents who are going to travel in EU.C. EU residents who have Global Blue Tax Free Forms.D. Non-EU residents who are leaving EU after purchases.61. To get your tax refund, you need to _____ after having your luggage checked in if you’ve put yourpurchased goods in your check-in luggage.A. show your purchased goods to the check-in clerkB. cash in your stamped Form at the check-in counterC. take back your luggage to the Customs to get a stampD. go to the Customs to fill in a form without the luggage62. What can be learned from the passage?A. It’s a must to attach the receipts to the form to get your tax refund.B. It’s unnecessary to show your passport to the Customs for a stamp.C. You can get your refund in cash after posting your form if in a hurry.D. You can get your refund by credit card at once at the appropriate counter.（C）A portrait created by artificial intelligence, or AI, made a historicappearance on the auction (拍卖) block at Christie’s in New York Citythis week. It is the first artwork created by an algorithm(算法) to beoffered for auction in the world of fine art.The odd-looking painting of a fictitious man in a dark coat left theauction block at Christie’s for $432,500 on Oct. 25 in New York City.The portrait—designed in the “Old Master” style of European fineartists from centuries ago—appears to represent a man with a vague face, dressed in clothing similar to that worn by people painted by the Dutch artist Rembrandt van Rijn in the 17th century.Of course, a computer didn’t automatically pick up a brush and become an artist. The AI tha t created the image had human programmers—a Parisian art collective called Obvious, Christie’s reported. Their cooperation, titled “Portrait of Edmond De Belamy,” is part of a series of paintings of the fictional Belamy family and was expected to fetch $7,000 to $10,000, according to Christie’s.To create the portrait, the Obvious team first fed the network a diet of 15,000 images painted between the 14th and 20th centuries, to train it to recognize visual elements in fine art, Obvious artist Hugo Caselles-Dupré told Christie’s. The algorithm that eventually created an original image had two parts that worked against each other, called the Generator (that makes the art) and a Discriminator (that tries to spot the difference between human-created and AI-created images), Caselles-Dupré explained; they called this AI “generative adversarial network” (GAN), Caselles-Dupré explained.GAN’s final image was then printed and framed, according to Obvious. At the bottom of the portrait is a mathematical formula (公式) representing the algorithm that created it, a nod to the relationship between the Generator and the Discriminator, Obvious artists wrote on the collective’s website.The goal of the painting and of Obvious, also co-founded by Hugo Caselles-Dupréand Gauthier Vernier, was to prove “artificial intelligence can do more than operate driverless cars or transform manufacturing—it can be creative,” Consumer News and Business Channel reported.Portraiture is a tough task for AI to take on, according to Christie’s, “s ince humans are highly accustomed to the curves and complexities of a face in a way that a machine cannot be.” This difficulty was part of Obvious’ thinking when they created the portrait.“Edmond de Belamy” is one of eleven AI paintings made by Obvious.63. It can be learned from the passage that the portrait “Edmond de Belamy” _____.A. was sold at an unexpectedly high priceB. was the first artwork sold at an auctionC. is a painting created by means of brushD. is a man who once appeared at the auction64. To create a portrait, AI needs to _____.A. learn from plenty of imagesB. use an algorithm with many partsC. work against human paintersD. recognize its human programmers65. What can be concluded from the passage?A. The mathematical formula at the bottom of the portrait is meaningless.B. The portrait was made to prove algorithms are able to imitate creativity.C. It is more difficult for AI to operate driverless cars than to paint a portrait.D. AI is better at painting the curves and complexities of a face than a human.66. The passage mainly tells us that _____.A. AI will soon replace man in some fieldsB. an AI-created portrait sells high at an auctionC. a proper algorithm is the key for AI to create artD. AI-created paintings are better received at auctionsSection CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.The smell of a new car can be appealing in showrooms, for which t here’s a good reason. That new car smell comes from a mixture of chemicals, some of which can be highly poisonous.67 Many of these contain volatile (挥发性的) organic compounds (VOCs), some of which can be deadly in sufficient quantities. Others are just bad for you.“It’s a chemical cocktail made up of lots of poisonous substances,” said Jeff Gearhart, Research Director of the Ecology Center in the US state of Michigan. The Ecology Center has been monitoring and testing chemical levels in the inside of the car for years, and has noted some improvement. But Gearhart says there is still work to be done.“There are over 200 chemical compounds found in vehicles,” he said. “Since these chemicals are not regulated, consumers have no way of knowing the dangers they face.”68 Immediate symptoms can range from a sore throat to headaches, dizziness, etc., depending on the sensitivity of an individual.According to the US Environmental Protection Agency, continued exposure to some of these can lead to reproductive impacts and damage to some organs and central nervous system—or even cancer.69The danger is the greatest when the car is new, and that new car smell is most noticeable. 70It is the release of chemical vapours, which leads to the smell. Heat from a vehicle left in the sun can make matters worse, and speed up the chemical reaction. The danger is reduced over time, and experts say the worst is usually over within about six months.Experts advise the best thing that buyers can do to limit exposure is to keep the inside of the car well ventilated(通风的), especially during the first six months of ownership. Park in the shade with the windows open when it’s safe to do so, or at least try to air it out before getting inside—especially on hot days.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.71.Take Care of Your Spine (脊柱)The spine stands at the center of your health, providing your body with structure and support. It also contains your spinal cord, a massive collection of nerves that sends electric signals from the rest of your body to your brain. Therefore, it’s important to take care of it.Maintaining your good posture is one of the most important things you can do to keep your spine healthy. Proper posture means standing or sitting while keeping your spine straight, except for its natural curves. Posture comes into play even when you’re asleep. Sleeping on your side puts less stress on your spine than most other positions. Having a comfortable bed is also very important as sleeping in a position that isn’t comfortable can leave your back feeling sore the next day.Exercise is also an important factor in the health of your spine. Staying still for too long—even if yourposture is good—can be hard on your back. Especially if you work at a desk most of the day, it’s important to get up and stretch periodically. Stretches can help the muscles around your spine relax and allow bones to shift into better positions. Strength exercises with light weights or bodyweight exercises like pushups can also help by strengthening the muscles around your spine. However, don’t overdo the exercise, as repeated motions can hurt the muscles around your spine.Your diet also affects the health of your spine because many vitamins are necessary for bones and nerves. In particular, B vitamins help keep nerves healthy, so you may want to consider taking a supplement (补充物). Another important factor is vitamin D, which is essential for strong bones, but it’s also absorbed from sunlight, so it may help to do some of those back exercises outside.V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 科学家们惊叹于这些植物对城市环境的快速适应。
（完整版）2019年上海高三英语一模考试作文题汇编（word包含答案）
（完整版）2019年上海⾼三英语⼀模考试作⽂题汇编（word包含答案）备战2020上海⾼考2019 年上海⾼三英语⼀模考试作⽂题汇编⼀、2019届崇明区⾼三⼀模作⽂76.Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.中华中学为了进⼀步规范学校的社团建设，提⾼社团活动的品质，向⼴⼤师⽣征求意见。
假设你是该校学⽣王敏，写⼀封电⼦邮件给负责社团的林⽼师，就你所了解的1-2个学校社团发表意见。
你的邮件需包括:你所了解的学校社团的现状(亮点和不⾜)及其原因；提出你对改进学校社团建设的建议。
注:⽂中不得提及你的真实姓名或学校。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Dear Mr. Lin，In order to enrich students' campus cultural life, increase students' knowledge and cultivate students' ability, the senior high school of our school has carried out club activities as scheduled at the beginning of the new semester.Inheriting the tide of The Times and creating the historical precedent, the association activities combine "science and technology, academically, entertainment and novelty" into one. The associations are divided into four types: professional in science and technology, artistic in literature, academic in practice and literary in shape. I think there are too many associations, which have affected students' main courses. The reason that causes this kind of situation is that the student hobby is extensive, and the league committee of the school also is to satisfy the demand of the student as far as possible, ignoring the problem of other respect consequently.I suggest the establishment of quality clubs, the central China institute of learning has always insisted on serving the healthy development of student clubs, comprehensive development of depth, connotation, taste, value, meaningful club activities, constantly enrich the campus cultural life.Your student⼆、2019届徐汇区⾼考英语⼀模VI. Guided Writing76.Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.学校将组织⼀次“我⼼⽬中的英雄”主题班会活动，请你以Heroes in My Heart为题，写⼀篇演讲稿。
2019届上海市各区高三英语一模...
2019届上海市各区⾼三英语⼀模...Section BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)There aren’t many actors around the world who have enough selfconfidence to turn down an offer from Steven Spielberg. Maybe thatwas why Juliette Binoche gave him a choice. She said she’d be happyto be in Jurassic Park as long as she could play a dinosaur. Of coursehe turned her down and it was probably a good thing. It’s difficult toimagine Juliette ripping people apart with her teeth. However, herdecision doesn’t seem to have done her career any harm. She has gone on to make a string of hits, including The Unbearable Lightness of Being, The English Patient (for which she won an Oscar) and Chocolat.Success in the United States has not been so easy for otherforeign stars. Gerald Depardieu is a good example. Since his firstfilm in 1967, his filmography(影⽚集锦) lists 172 acting credits.But he has struggled on the other side of the pond. While some ofhis films have been popular in the US, they have usually beenFrench films that travelled. One possible exception was Green Card, directed by Peter Weir, where he plays a French immigrant who goes through a fake wedding in order to stay and work in the United States. This is a predictable but sweet romantic comedy which typecasts (分配同⼀类型⾓⾊) its lead actors in terms of national stereotypes. While some reviewers were kind, others shredded both the film and Depardieu’s performance.While Monsieur Depardieu has n’t received the recognition he would have liked in the United States, one Mexican actor has achieved almost instant success. Gael Garcia Bernal first gained recognition in Amores Perros in 2000 and a year later in Y tu mama tambien. Since then he has appeared with hometown hero, Brad Pitt in Babel and, under the direction of top producer and director, Jim Jarmusch, he starred in Limits of Control. He hasn’t picked up an Oscar yet, but hewas nominated for a BAFTA(英国电影电视艺术学院奖) in 2005 for his performance as the South American hero revolutionary Che Guevara, in Motorcycle Diaries. In the same year he played American music icon Elvis Presley in The King.56. It can be inferred from the passage that Juliette Binoche ______.A. very much wanted to be in Jurassic ParkB. didn’t want to be in Jurassic ParkC. really wanted to play a dinosaur in Jurassic ParkD. was hesitant whether she could play a dinosaur well57. According to the writer, Gerald Depardieu’s most popular films ______.A. have been made in HollywoodB. have only been seen in EuropeC. have been made in France, but seen in other countries, tooD. have been made in Hollywood, but well received in France58. The last sentence in Para 2 “o thers shredded both the film and Depardieu’s performance”means others thought Depardieu’s performance and the film were ______.A. complexB. interestingC. terribleD. impressive59. The writer’s purpose in writing this article is to suggest that ______.A. Foreign actors generally do well in the United StatesB. American actors are able to earn more money than foreign actorsC. Foreign actors are playing an irreplaceable role in the United StatesD. a successful career in Europe or Latin America doesn’t guarantee success in the USA Keys: 56-59 BCCDSection BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them. There are four choices marked A, B, C and D. choose the one that fits best according to the Information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Despite an advertisement campaign suggesting wall-to-wall special effects, “Bridge of Terabithia” is grounded in reality far more than in fantasy. Adapting Katherine Paterson’s award-winning novel, the screenwriters David Paterson and Jeff Stockwell have produced a thoughtful and extremely affecting story of a transformative friendship between two unusually gifted children. The result is a movie whose emotional depth could appeal more to adults than to their children.Jess Aarons (Josh Hutcherson) is a sixth grader with four sisters, financially tensed parents and a talent for drawing. An introverted(内向的) kid who is regularly picked on by the school buses, Jess forms a bond with a new student named Leslie (Anna Sophia Robb), a free spirit whose parents, both writers, are fondly neglectful. An attraction between outsiders, their friendship feeds on her words and his pictures; together they create an imaginary kingdom in the woods behind their homes, a world they can control and where their minds can wander free.Beautifully capturing a time when a bully in school can occur as large as a monster in a nightmare and the encouragement of a teacher can alter the course of a life, “Bridge to Terabithia” keeps the fantasy in the background to find magic in the everyday. Gabor Csupo directs this, his first feature, like someone close to the pain of being different, fascinated in tiny, perfect details.With strong performances from all the leads, “Bridge to Terabithia” is able to handle adult topics with sensitivity. As the emotional landscape darkens, those who haven’t read the book may be surprised at the sorrow the filmmakers cause without ever resorting to horror or terror. In other words, you r children may cry, but they won’t be traumatized so badly. Consistently smart and delicate as a spider web, “Bridge to Terabithia” is the kind of children’s movie rarely seen nowadays. At a time when many public schools are being forced to cut music and a rt from the curriculum, the story’s insistence on the healing power of a cultivated imagination is both welcome and essential.56. The second paragraph indicates that Jess and Leslie ________.A. lost their control over the imaginary kingdomB. looked down on their individual realitiesC. formed a good friendship despite their different talentsD. wrote a book about a magical land called Terabithia57. Which of the following words is most likely to replace “traumatized” (paragraph 4)?A. criticizedB. ignoredC. delightedD. shocked58. The two children most likely ________.A. skipped school to play in the woods behind their campusB. created an imaginary world as an escape from realityC. disappointed their parents with their over-active imaginationsD. won against the bullies at school with strong performances59. Which of the following statements will the author most probably agree with?A. The fantasy components of the movie were too over-done.B. The movie is motional but not much too dramatic.C. “Bridge to Terabithia” has a negative impact on public school education.D. Children shouldn’t watch the film as they are too young to understand the topics.Keys: 56-59 CDBBSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)One recent night, while I was leafing through its pages of an old journal, my eyes met a quote by the British writer Graham Greene that I had marked. “A prejudice had something in common with an ideal.” In other words, ideals---general descriptions of people’s expectations of themselves and others---can often lead us to unreasonable ideas. It got me thinking about how we often allow ourselves to generalize about groups of people. We like to stereotype people by the color of their skin, the year of their birth or any other related factors.I grew up in a multi-racial corner of America. The different groups were often subject to narrow stereotypes: Jewish people were “greedy,” Mexicans were “poorly educated,” and Asians were “good at math.” These labels were taugh t to us from a young age. They wormed their way。
2019年上海市普陀区高考英语一模试卷
2019 年上海市普陀区高考英语一模试卷I. Listening Comprehension（略）II. Grammar and vocabularySection A 10%1．（ 10 分）The Best Book I've Ever ReadFrankly ， I have read nearly all of the great works of literature，but no book has ever impressed me as deeply or directly （ 1）Joel Stein's Man Made ： A Stupid Quest for Masendinity ．Haven't we all ， on some level， been Jewish boys in New Jersey in （ 2）1970s with only female friends ， an Easy﹣ Bake oven and a strong preference for show tunes？Haven't we all had a panic attack （ 3）learning we're going to have a son ， since that means we're going to have to figure out how to throw footballs， watch other people throw footballs and decide （ 4）to be happy or sad about the results of football throwing ？Haven't we all then tried to correct our lack of maleness by becoming a man， fighting fires with firefighters ，（ 5）（ drive） a Lamborghini and doing three days of Army training camp？ I know I have ．The only parts I didn't fully enjoy were（ 26）in which the author suffered horribly ． After just three hours of training camp， he fainted weakly into the arms of a soldier ． The film rights to Man Made have already been sold to Fox，and I hope it gets（27）（ turn） into a movie with George Clooney playing the Stein role，since they remind me so much of each other ．（8）this is only Stein's first book ， I would already consider him as someone like David Sedaris ， Dave Barry ， James Thurber， Mark Twain and Abraham Lincoln ． I （ 9）（recommend） Man Made not just to all my friends and family but also to strangers onTwitter over and over again ． My one fear is（10）after this great achievement ，Stein will lose his ability to be a cruel critic of our shallow times．II. Grammar and VocabularySection A（10分）Directions：After reading the passage below，fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blankswith a given word ， fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word ； for the other blanks， use one word that best fits each blank.2．（ 10 分）A ． generated B． furniture C． fame D ． resulting E． suggestionsF． developed G． eventually H． completed I． fixed J． commercialK ． softlyThe Father of JD PrintingAbout twenty years ago， the surgeons at the Wilford Hull medical center working to separate a pair of conjoined（连体的）twins thought that only one would be able to walk after the operation． After a model of the girls' bone structure was（1）using 3D printing ，however ， they found a shared upper leg bone to be bigger than expected and split it successfully，（ 2）in both twins being able to walk ． Now eighty and still working as chief technology officer of 3D Systems． Chuck Hull is enjoying some minor（3）31 years after he first printed a small black eye ﹣ wash cup using a new method ofmanufacturing known as 3D printing ．At the time ， he was working for a company that used UV light to put thin layers of plastic coats on tabletops and （ 4）．He had an idea that if he could place thousands of thin layers of plastic on top of each other and then cut their shape using light，he would be able to form three dimensional objects ． After a year ， he （5） a system where light was shone into a bottle of photopolymer﹣ a material which changes from liquid to plastic﹣like solid when light shines on it﹣ and traces the shape of one level of the object ． Subsequent layers are then printed until it is（ 6）．After patenting the invention ， he set up 3D Systems，（ 7）getting＄ 6m （￡3.5m） from a Canadian investor ． The first（ 8）product came out in 1988and proved a hit among car manufacturers ， in the aerospace sector and for companies designing medical equipment ．The possibilities appear endless ﹣from home﹣ printed food and medicine to （ 9）that pictures of objects be able to be taken in shops and then recreated using plans downloaded from the Internet Although deliberate in his responses，there is one moment when the（10）spoken Chuck Hull tells of his surprise about what exactly his creation was capable of achieving ．III. Reading ComprehensionSection A （ 15 分）Directions： For each blank in the followingpassage there are four words or phrases marked A， B， C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.3．（ 15 分）Words to Turn a Conversation AroundIt's not what you say， but it's how you say it ﹣ isn't it ？ According to a language expert， we may have this wrong ． "We are pushed and pulled around by language far more than we （ 1），" says Elizabeth Stoke，professor of social interaction at Loughborough University ． Stoke and her colleagues have （ 2）thousands of hours of recorded conversations，from customer services to mediation （调解）hotlines and police crisis （ 3）．They discovered that certain words or phrases have the power to change the course of a conversation ．Some of these words are surprising ， and （ 4）what we've been taught to believe． For example， in a study of conversations between doctors and patients ， evidence showed that doctors who （5）options rather than recommended best solutions ， gota better response， despite the suggestion from hospital guidelines to talk about the bestinterests of the patient ． But ， from conversation experts such as Stoke to FBI negotiators and communication coaches ， we're learning which words are likely to（6）or persuade us．Stoke found that people who had already responded（7）when asked if they would like to attend mediation seemed to change their minds when the mediator used the phrase． "Would you be willing to come for a meeting？" "As soon as the word‘ willing' was used， people would say ：‘ Oh， yes， definitely' ﹣ they would actually（8）the sentence to agree． " Stoke found it had the same effect in different settings：with business﹣to﹣ business cold callers； with doctors trying to （ 9）people to go to a weight ﹣ loss class． She also looked at phrases such as "Would you like to" and "Would you be interested in" ． "Sometimes they （10），but‘willing' was the one that got people to agree more rapidly and with more enthusiasm ．""'Hello' is a really important word that can change the（11）of a conversation ，" Stoke says． "It's about how you respond to people who are what we call‘ first movers'﹣extremely angry to your desk with a complaint or the neighbor who（13）rude words about parking as you're putting out the bins ．" "What do you do with that person ？ Rather than respond in the same manner， saying something nice， such as a very bright ‘ Hello!' ，socializes that other person a little bit ． " Use it when you want to resist getting into a （ 14）． "You have to be careful not to sound too passive ﹣ aggressive，" Stoke says，"but just one friendly word in a bright tone can delete the （ 15）of the conversation ．"（1） A． suggest B． realize C． imply D． emphasize（2） A． analyzed B． addressed C． simplified D． discovered（3） A． instructions B． revolutions C． associations D． negotiations （4） A． get into B． turn away C． go against D． insist on（5） A． pointed B． inspired C． motivated D． listed（6） A． comfort B． defend C． support D． protect（7） A． actively B． positively C． negatively D． passively（8） A． finish B． reject C． refuse D． interrupt（9） A． persuade B． stimulate C． force D． tempt（10） A ． interacted B． worked C． responded D． initiated（11）A ． approach B． course C． evolution D． pattern（12） A ． impractical B． unimaginative C． critical D． illogical（13） A ． keeps back B． answers for C． agrees on D． launches into （14） A ． conflict B． disaster C． strike D． damage（15） A ． challenge B． debate C． worry D． silenceSection B （ 22 分）Directions： Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A ， B， C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.4．（ 8 分） Last summer ， bird﹣ watchers confirmed the discovery of a new species of bird inreason in part． This species of bird was discovered not in an unspoiled rain forest but withinthe limits Cambodia's capital ， Phnom Penh ﹣ a city the size of Philadelphia ．What the researchers found was surprising in cities ． The medium ﹣sized city in the state about 110 species of birds， over 95 percent of which would have been growing there urbanization ． Ecologically speaking ， cities are different ， concrete buildings ． Rather， each unique bio ﹣ profile﹣a kind of ecological fingerprint﹣that is against the idea of an environment dead zone．Of course， it's also true that in the world of birds and plants ， as in human society， there is such a thing as worldwide ﹣ the city ﹣ inhabitants who feel equally at home in San Francisco ，Milan and Beijing ． Four birds occur in more than 80 percent of the cities studied ， and 11plants occurred in more than 90 percent of the cities ． On the plant side ， those are seemingly spread by European settlement． In the air ， it's the usual suspects： the rock pigeon and many other birds ．"They have become completely adapted to urban life ，"Katti says ．"That's not much of surprise ． But they don't actually dominate as much as we think they do ． "Those species﹣occurring in the cities across the globe ﹣ represent only a small part of a city's natural varieties ．Not all cities are equal protectors of native animals and plants， though． One of the biggest predictors for a city's biodiversity is its urban design．Territory as varied as backyards and street trees can lay important roles in greening a city ． In fact ， the amouht of green spaceis a stronger predictor of the density of biodiversity than a city's size．A metropolis with a sizable network of parks can contain more species per square mile than a much smaller city ．In a world where architecture ， food ， language， fashion and commerce are increasingly globalized ， a city's native animals and plants can be a kind of identity ．There may be neighborhoods in London and Paris that resemble Singapore or Hong Kong ． Cities are becoming similar ， but their natural environments stand completely apart ．（1）According to the passage， what do you think of Phnom Penh ， Cambodia's capital ？A ． It is full of various rare plants and animals ．B ． Its birds' population is larger than that of San Francisco ．C． It's as big as Philadelphia in terms of area ．（2）Which of the following statements is NOT the same as the author's idea ？A ． From a biological point new changes happen every day ．B ． From an environmental point the daily changes aren't obvious enough ．C． Each city has different characteristics in terms of ecological development．D ． Different species of creatures are born in different cities ．（ 3）Some plants are found in many cities in the world ， which seems to be a result of．A ． natural selectionB ． globalizationC． urban developmentD ． colonization（ 4）Which of the following might be the best title of the passage？A ． What Surprising Cities! The Medium﹣sized City Has Various Species of Birds!B ． The Power of Plants and Animals! The Charm of All the Cities!C． The Cities Are Concrete Jungles! Never Think about Them the Same Way Again!D ． More Species Per Square Mile! The Amount of Green Space Is a Stronger Predictor!5．（ 6 分）Please Choose Cloud Servicesmay be unsure， or you do not know where to begin ． Trying every Cloud service would take a lot of time and work ． But， the website Reviews ． com might help ．One valuable feature is the protection of digital files ， including photos， videos，documents， music and more． If the worst happens and your computer crashes ， or gets lost or damaged， your files can still found in the Cloud．Cloud services let you access your files from almost anywhere ． No need to worry about a file stored on your computer when you are away from your desk． If you have an Internetconnection， you can open your files from any computer ， or from a phone ， when they areUsing a Cloud service makes sharing files easier ． If you send documents to a group using emails， you may then wonder which version everyone is working with．When sharing files using a Cloud service ， everyone will see the same document and the latest version ．The first thing to consider is the amount of storage space you need．Check how much space you are currently using on your computer and mobile devices． If your computer or phone is filled with photos and you have little free space ， you may want to move your photos to the Cloud ． Some Cloud services are free ． But， if you need a lot of space ， you will probably need one that costs money．Even if everyone you have ever met is a Windows user ， you still probably want a Cloud service that works with many platforms．You might become friends with an Android user or start a job with a company that computers on Apple!（1）Which of the following is true according to the passage ？A ． Google ﹣Drive users can obtain 100GB for free ．B ． Most Cloud services can send files to both the Cloud and the local computer ．C． It's hard to transfer your file when you turn on the computer if it is stored in the Cloud．D ． Never worry about finding your files in the Clouds if the computer system crashes．（ 2）What will you have to do if you need more space to store more files in the Cloud？A ． To use your own Cloud services ．B ． To share Cloud space with others．C． To spend money buying space．D ． To buy the latest version of the service ．（ 3）How can consumers find the Cloud service that suits them best ？A ． By learning more information about the space occupied by files．B ． By comparing Cloud's function ， storage， available space and prices．C． By sending files to a group of people via e ﹣mail inquiring about the Cloud service ．D ． By making friends with Android users who use Apple computers．6．（ 8 分）Is Paperless Office Really Paperless？1990s， and the convenience of desktop printing allowed office workers to indulge anythingand everything ． In 2004 ， Ms Dunn ， a communications supplies director ， said that plain white office paper would see less than a 4percent growth rate ， a primary reason for which is that some 47 percent of the workforce entered the job market after computers had already been introduced to offices ．For office innovators ， the dream of paperless office is an example of high ﹣ tech arrogance（傲慢）． Today's office service is overwhelmed By more newspapers than ever before． After decades of development ， the American government can finally get rid of the madness on paper． In the past ， the demand for paper has been far ahead of growth in the American economy ， but the sales have slowed markedly over the past two to three years，despite the good economic conditions ．"Old habits are hard to break ，"says Ms ． Dunn． "There are some functions that paper serves where a screen display doesn't work ． Those funcitons are both its strength and its weakness．"Analysts attribute the decline to such factors as advances in digital databases and communication systems ． Escaping our craving for paper ， however， will be anything but an easy affair ．"We're finally seeing a reduction in the amount of paper being used per worker in the workplace ， "says John Maine ， vice president of a paper economic consulting firm．"More information is being transmitted electronically ， and an increasing number of people are satisfied that information exists only in electronic form without printing multiple backups．"To reduce paper use，some companies are working to combine digital and paper capabilities ． For example， Xerox is developing electronic paper ： thin digital displays that respond to a stylus， like a pen on paper． Marks can be erased or saved digitally ． Even with such technological advances， the increasing amounts of electronic data necessarily require more paper．"The information industry today is composed of a thin paper crust surrounding an electronic core ， "Mr ． Saffo wrote ． The growing paper crust is most noticeable，but the hidden electronic core is far larger and growing more rapidly ． The result is that we are becoming paperless ， but we hardly notice at all．"That's one of the greatest ironies of thephone or computer ， it inevitably leads to a face ﹣ to﹣ face meeting． The best thing for the aviation industry was the Internet ． "（1）Which of the following statements is NOT a reason for the slowdown in American paper sales？A ． Workforce with better computer skills．B ． Slow growth of the U ． S． economy．C． Changing patterns in paper use．D ． Changing employment trends ．（2）What does the last sentence in Para 3 mean？A ． We have to look at paper consumption from different angles ．B ． There is little chance that paper consumption will fall in the digital age．C． Paper consumption will be greatly reduced in the digital age．D ． People are no longer so addicted to paper in the digital age ．（ 3）The innovations from Xerox and other companies feature．A ． the intergration of digital technology with traditional paperB ． the chance from traditional paper to digital technologyC． the combination of the use of computer screens and cell phonesD ． a new type of computer writing and communciation（ 4）What can we draw from the example of the aviation industry in the last paragraph？A ． The dream of the paperless office will be realized some day ．B ． People usually prefer to have face ﹣ to﹣ face meetings instead of using computers ．C． More digital data use leads to greater paper use in the digital time ．D ． Some people are no longer opposed to video ﹣ conferencing ．Section C Directions： Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.7．（ 8 分）A ． There are five reason for the accident and you are guilty ．B． Every year thousands of people are horribly killed ， and we sit still and let it happen ．C． Surprisingly ， society should smile at the driver and forgive him ．D． Someone has rightly said that when a person is sitting behind the steering wheel ， his car becomes an extension of his personality ．E． All advertisements that emphasize power and performance should be banned ．F． It is time to develop a universal norm to reduce this senseless waste of human life ．Traffic Regulation and Accident PreventionWe live in a remarkable time ， and many of the once fatal diseases can now be cured with modern medicine and surgery ． It is almost certain that one day a cure will be found for the rest of the diseases． Expectations of life have greatly increased ． But though the possibility ofliving a long and happy life is greater than ever before ， every day we witness the incredible killing of men ， women and children on the roads ． Man fights against the motor ﹣ car． It isa never﹣ ending battle which man is losing ．（ 1）Nothing can seriously increase your risk of potentially fatal car accidents other than speeding and failing to pay due attention to weather conditions．（2）There is no doubt that the motor﹣ car often brings out a man's very worst qualities． Usually quiet and pleasant people ，when they are behind the steering wheel， will become unrecognizable ． They are impolite ， aggressive， self ﹣ willed like two ﹣ year﹣ old ，completely selfish ． All their hidden frustrations ， disappointments， and jealousy seem to be caused by driving ．（3）It's all for his own convenience．Due to a serious tragedy，the city is almost uninhabitable and the huge parking lot makes the town ugly．The destruction of rural areas and the annual mass killings are just a statistic ， easily forgotten ． With regard to driving ，the laws of some countries are not strict and even the strictest are not strict enough ．Traffic rules are for everyone to follow under any circumstances，and no one can make an exception unless you make a joke of your own life．Universally accepted standards can only have a significant beneficial on the incidence of accidents．Governments should develop safety codes for manufacturers ．（ 4）These measures may sound cruel． However ，if these measures result in a reduction in the loss of life every year，they should certainly notbe considered serious． After all ， the world belongs to humans ， not cars．Ⅳ. Summary Writing.8．（ 10 分）Directions ：Read the following passage ． Summarize the main idea and the main point （ s） of the passage in no more than 60 words． Use your own words as far as possible ．All Must Have DegreesIn a classroom in Seoul a group of teenagers sit over their desks in total silence．Study begins at eight in the morning and ends at half past four in the afternoon． And some even go back home at midnight ． Like thousands of South Koreans， they are preparing for the important exam， which will largely determine whether they go to a good university or not． Degrees have become useful ． Seventy percent of students who graduate from the country's secondary schools now go straight to universities ．Many more countries have seen a big rise in the share of young people with degrees ， but South Korea is an extreme case． As technological reforms require workers to do many difficult and demanding jobs that they would not have done before， there seems to be reasonable to insist that more workers receive a good education than before ． And a degree is an obvious way for bright youngsters From poor families to prove their abilities．People tend to earn more if they have degrees．Employers do not have to pay for higher education and they are increasingly able to demand degrees to screen out the least motivated or capable． A recent study by Joseph Fuller and Manjari Romaan of Harvard Business School shows that companies routinely require applicants to have degrees， even though only a minority of those already working in the role have them．The Economist's analysis found that between 1970 and 2015， the proportion of 256workers aged 25 ﹣ 64 with at least a bachelor's degree increased ． Some of them are highly intellectually demanding jobs ， such as aviation engineers ． Others are non ﹣ graduate jobssuch as waiting tables ． Sixteen percent of waiters now have degrees ， because probably in most cases they could not find jobs and live poorly ．Today，having a degree is usually an entry requirement ．Ⅴ . Translation.Directions ：Translate the following sentences into English， using the words9．（ 3 分）晚上别喝太多的咖啡，会睡不着觉的．（or）10．（ 4 分）事实证明，保持快乐的心态会降低得心脏病的风险．（It）11．（4 分）乐观的人不会过分怀念美好的旧时光，因为他们正忙着创造新的回忆．（create）12．（ 4 分）追求稳定并不是什么坏事，很多时候这样的态度在促使我们提升自我、挑战难度、攀登高峰．（ when）Ⅵ. Guided Writing.13．（ 25 分） Directions ： Write an English composition in 120﹣ 150words according to the instructions given below in Chinese ．2018 年 11 月 5 日﹣ 10 日，首届中国国际进口博览会在上海成功举行．假设你是明启中学的高三学生卢平，学校英语报向全体高三学生进行征文，题目为"The CIIE in My Eyes"．你有意投稿，撰写一篇文章．稿件内容必须包含：1．对 " 新时代，共享未来（New Era， Shared Future）" 的理解；2．首届进博会向世界传递了什么信息？对中国发展有何深远的影响？（中国国际进口博览会：China International Import Expo简称CIIE）2019 年上海市普陀区高考英语一模试卷参考答案与试题解析I. Listening Comprehension（略）II. Grammar and vocabularySection A 10%1．（ 10 分）The Best Book I've Ever ReadFrankly ， I have read nearly all of the great works of literature，but no book has ever impressed me as deeply or directly （ 1）as Joel Stein's Man Made ： A Stupid Quest for Masendinity ．Haven't we all ， on some level， been Jewish boys in New Jersey in （ 2）the1970s with only female friends ， an Easy﹣ Bake oven and a strong preference for show tunes？Haven't we all had a panic attack （ 3） after learning we're going to have a son ， since that means we're going to have to figure out how to throw footballs， watch other people throw footballs and decide （ 4） when to be happy or sad about the results of football throwing ？Haven't we all then tried to correct our lack of maleness by becoming a man， fighting fires with firefighters ，（ 5） driving（ drive） a Lamborghini and doing three days of Army training camp ？ I know I have ．The only parts I didn't fully enjoy were（ 26） the time in which the author suffered horribly ． After just three hours of training camp， he fainted weakly into the arms of a soldier ． The film rights to Man Made have already been sold to Fox， and I hope it gets （ 27）turned （turn ） into a movie with George Clooney playing the Stein role， since they remind me so much of each other．（8）While this is only Stein's first book ， I would already consider him as someone like David Sedaris ， Dave Barry ， James Thurber， Mark Twain and Abraham Lincoln ． I （ 9）have recommended（recommend）Man Made not just to all my friends and family but also to strangers on Twitter over and over again ． My one fear is（10）that after this great achievement， Stein will lose his ability to be a cruel critic of our shallow times．【考点】 N6 ：语法填空．【分析】文章中作者推荐了一本书Man Made ： A Stupid Quest for Masendinity，介绍了作者的一系列看法．【解答】 1． as．考查连词， as..as结构，和⋯一样深刻，故填as．2． the．考查冠词，in the 1970s，在 20 世纪 70 年代，故填the．3． after．考查介词，在得知我们即将有个儿子之后，故填after．4． when．考查连词，when 引导宾语从句，什么时候该开心，什么时候该悲伤，故填when．5． driving ．考查非谓语， we 与 drive 是主动关系，故填现在分词做状语，故填driving．6． the time ．考查名词，作者很挣扎的那一次， the time 做先行词，在定语从句中做时间状语，故填 the time ．7． turned．考查非谓语，get 是系动词， get turned into ：被变成，故填turned．8． While ．考查连词，虽然这是他的第一本书，故填while 引导让步状语从句．9．have recommended ．考查时态，我已经向朋友家人推荐了这本书，故填haverecommended．10． that．考查连词，that 引导表语从句，我的担心是成功之后，Stein 失去作为一名严苛批评家的能力，故填that．【点评】在一篇 200 词左右的语篇（短文或对话）中留出10 处空白，部分空白的后面给出单词的基本形式，要求考生根据上下文填写空白处所需的内容或所提供单词的正确形式，所填写词语不得多于 3 个单词．要做好语法填空题，理解短文是解题的前提，扎实的词汇、句型和语法知识是基础，英语国家的背景知识是必要的补充．考生须灵活运用语法知识，如单词词性、单词时态、名词单复数、连接词、代词、冠词等判断各空白处应填写的内容．答完后，还要通读全文，核对所填单词形式是否正确，是否符合语境．II. Grammar and VocabularySection A（10分）Directions：After reading the passage below，fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blankswith a given word ， fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word ； for the other blanks， use one word that best fits each blank.2．（ 10 分）A ． generated B． furniture C． fame D ． resulting E． suggestionsF． developed G． eventually H． completed I． fixed J． commercialK ． softlyThe Father of JD PrintingAbout twenty years ago， the surgeons at the Wilford Hull medical center working to separate a pair of conjoined（连体的）twins thought that only one would be able to walk after the operation． After a model of the girls' bone structure was（1）generated using 3D printing ， however， they found a shared upper leg bone to be bigger than expected and split it successfully，（ 2） resulting in both twins being able to walk ． Now eighty and still workingas chief technology officer of 3D Systems ． Chuck Hull is enjoying some minor （3） fame 31 years after he first printed a small black eye﹣wash cup using a new method ofmanufacturing known as 3D printing．At the time ， he was working for a company that used UV light to put thin layers of plastic coats on tabletops and （ 4）furniture． He had an idea that if he could place thousands of thin layers of plastic on top of each other and then cut their shape using light， he would be able to form three dimensional objects ． After a year ， he （ 5）developed a system where light was shone into a bottle of photopolymer﹣ a material which changes from liquid to plastic ﹣ like solid when light shines on it﹣ and traces the shape of one level of the object ． Subsequent layers are then printed until it is（ 6） completed．After patenting the invention ， he set up 3D Systems，（ 7） eventually getting＄ 6m （￡3.5m） from a Canadian investor ． The first（ 8）commercial product came out in 1988and proved a hit among car manufacturers，in the aerospace sector and for companies designing medical equipment ． The possibilities appear endless ﹣ from home ﹣printed food and medicine to （9）suggestions that pictures of objects be able to be taken in shops and then recreated using plans downloaded from the Internet Although deliberate in his responses，there is one moment when the （ 10）softly spoken Chuck Hull tells of his surprise about what exactly his creation was capable of achieving ．【考点】 N8 ：选词填空．【分析】本文主要讲述了3D 打印技术的作用、来源和影响．【解答】答案： 1﹣ 5ADCBF 6 ﹣ 10HGJEK1． A．考查被动语态．根据句意可知，用三维打印技术制作了一个女孩的骨骼结构模型后，他们发现一个共享的大腿骨比预期的要大，并成功地将其分割开．此处意为"被生产、被制作 " ，用 was generated，故选 A．。
上海市2019届高考英语模拟试卷(含听力原文及答案)
2019 届高三英语模拟试卷考生注意：1.考试时间 120 分钟，试卷满分 140 分。
2.本次考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。
所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
3.答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上,在答题纸反面清楚地填写姓名。
I.Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.A. Librarians. B. Farmers.C. Officials.D. Assistants.2.A. At the department store. B. From the other customers.C. At the information center.D. From a change machine.3.A. An English textbook. B. A Japanese textbook.C. A history book.D. A chemistry book.4. A. 9:00. B. 9:30.C. 10:00.D. 10:30.5.A. Because he is not well paid for his work. B. Because the job is challenging enough.C. Because he can’t concentrate on his work.D. Because he lives far away from his company.6.A. He will go for the picnic. B. He will receive a friend.C. He will go to visit Jack.D. He will stay at home and do nothing.7.A.It’s not the children making the noise. B. The children used to be quiet.C. The children are very quiet.D. The children were noisier yesterday.8.A. He failed the exam again. B. He did very well in the exam.C.He narrowly passed the exam.D. He got the highest mark in the exam.9.A. He is pleased to do the task for James. B. He is too busy to do it now.C. He doesn’t want to type the report out.D. He doesn’t know how to type it.10.A. It cost too much money. B. It will bring huge profit.C. It does harm to the environment.D. He knew nothing about the construction. Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following recording.11.A. A wild animal. B. A tiger in need of adoption.C. A tiger without children.D. An adopted child.12.A. Because the zoo wants them to do so.B.Because people don’t love Shorty enough.C.Because people don’t want to spend too much money on Shorty.D.Because Shorty’s food is too expensive for one person to afford.13.A. Many people are kind to animals.B.Animals in the zoo don’t have enough food to eat.C.Children love animals better than adults do.D.Many zoos are too poor to feed their animals.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following recording.14.A. Because they are ignored by their parents.B.Because they are always troublesome.C.Because they are encouraged to do so.D.Because they feel uncomfortable about long flights.15.A. To stop worrying for their kids.B.To find companions for their kids on the plane.C.To book the flight earlier in advance.D.To encourage kids to sleep during the flight.16.A. Never forget how comfortable a long-distance flight itself might be to a person.B.People feel too embarrassed to accept the help from the staff.C.When children feel excited, the best way is to turn to air staff for help.D.Air staff should have many ways to deal with various passengers.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17.A. He is going to the store. B. He is going to see the woman.C. He is going to see Robert.D. He is looking for his calculator.18.A. The man has lost it. B. Robert has borrowed it.C. The woman has found it.D. Robert will buy one for the man.19.A. The woman never intended the man to keep the calculator so long.B.The man never intended the woman to keep the calculator so long.C.Robert never intended the man to keep the calculator so long.D.The man never intended Robert to keep the calculator so long.20.A. They are too expensive that he can’t afford it.B.They are cheap enough to buy some for himself.C.They are not so expensive that he can buy one for himself.D.They are not so cheap that he will save money to buy one.II.Grammar and vocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Should Video Games Be Art?Back in April this year, film critic Roger Ebert decided to handle the topic of the cultural importance of video games from the perspective of whether they could ever be regarded as art. Clearly, Ebert (21) (convince) that no game so far could even dream of being considered as coming close to a work of art.In today’s post, Ebert returns to the topic to put an end to the debate that has been going on ever since: though he stands by (22) he believes in — namely that, at least in theory and principle, video games will never be art —he can now admit that he shouldn’t have expressed his opinion without knowing what he was talking about. And that is his biggest mistake, as far as he is concerned, (23) he expressed a judgment on a public forum（论坛）without having played a single video game — and all the while (24) (insist) that was the last thing on his wish list. He approached the matter strictly from a theoretical point of view and that’s not fair (25) the gaming industry — or the gamers who took offense, for that matter. “I was a fool for mentioning video games in the first place. I would never express an opinion on a movie I hadn’t seen. Yet I have declared that video games (26) never be Art. I still believe this, but I should never have said so. Some opinions are best kept to yourself. So far, 4,547 comments (27) (rain) down upon me for that blog entry. Perhaps 300 supported my position. The rest were united in opposition. What you see now posted are almost all of the comments (28) (send) in. They are mostly intelligent, well-written, and right about one thing in particular: I should not have written that entry without being more familiar with the actual experience of video games,” Ebert writes about the very post (29) started the debate.Most posters pointed to him that he was also doing so without as much as offering a clear definition of Art. “(30)gamers experience video games as a form of art, does that not automatically make them so？” some said. Others, tired of reading what others had argued before them, were simply content to say “Ebert doesn’t get it.”Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Using Plants To Generate ElectricityAs free as they make us, mobile phones still need to stay close to a power source. Soon that may change with green power. Three Chilean students got the idea for a plant-powered (31) to charge their cell-phones, while sitting in their school’s outdoor courtyard during a break from exams, with dead mobile phones. Then, one of them had an aha moment.“It occurred to Camila to say about plants,” said inventor Evelyn Aravena. “Why don’t you have a socket, if there are so many plants? After that, we thought, why don’t they have a charger? Because there are so many plants and living things that have the (32) to produce energy, why not?”Their invention — a small (33) current they call E-Kaia —uses the energy plants produce during photosynthesis. A plant uses only a part of that energy — the rest goes into the soil, and that’s where the E-Kaia collects it. The device plugs into the ground and then into your phone. Mauricio Cifuentes of Duoc University said, “It’s the most amazing (34)I’ve ever seen in my life, plain and simple. At least from my personal point of view I began to (35) them. It was transformational.”The device solved two problems for the engineering students — they needed an idea for a class project, and an outlet to plug in their phones. “Looking for a place to charge the notebook, which had no (36) , and the mobile phones, we weren’t able to find anything because all the other students were in the same state of madness trying to find a place to charge their devices,” said Aravena. But plants are everywhere, and the bio-circuit taps into their excess power. “There is a complete energy cycle of the plant. We (37) to make use of the cycle, then we would not affect the plant’s growth. The bio-circuit makes an acquisition and that is (38) into energy to later make charges for low consumption,” said inventor Camila Rupcich.The E-Kaia doesn’t carry much charge but it’s powerful enough to (39)recharge a mobile phone in less than two hours. The student inventors have applied for patents on their (40) , and expect the E-Kaia to go on sale in the near future.III.Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.The Music Industry — A New IndustryNot long ago, most professional musicians lived in a world far removed from business management, distribution and promotion. But today, social media, laptop production techniques and musical tastes have largely (41) the old relationship between musicians, their audiences and the marketplace.A leading U.S. conservatory（音乐学院）now teaches students how to (42)successful careers in this new world. Robert Sirota, president of New York’s famous Manhattan School of Music, takes a small break from his work to play one of his own (43) . It’s one moment of traditional musical expression in a conservatory that (44) that the music industry is in major change.“Everything we know about the (45) of music-making, and the industry of music —including recordings, published materials, concert places, the way people enjoy the performance and concerts —have changed rapidly in the last 20 years,” he says, “and it became clear to me and other people of like mind to (46) how to develop young artistic leaders who are truly (47) of making their way in this new world.”That’s why the Manhattan School of Music created the Center for Music Enterprise, where students can learn about new media, fundraising, (48) their own concert series, producing their own recordings, creating a package for the media and other necessary skills. Sirota, who completed his own conservatory education in the 1970s, (49) today’s Internet world with what used to be.“The (50) as we understood in the music world, was that there were a small number of major international symphony orchestras, there were some excellent performers, and there was an (51) audience of concertgoers,” he says. “There were in addition, several multi-national record companies. But what has happened is the way people listen to music has changed.” Klorman knows that many young musicians are worried about the information needed to (52) a successful career today. However, he says the current climate rewards personal initiative and imagination as never before. And if we are creative about putting together new (53) , we can carve out a whole new market for ourselves.The (54) at the Center for Music Enterprise are among the most popular at the Manhattan School of Music. In fact, the supply is not (55) to the demand and the program is expanding. This success has in turn inspired other conservatories to teach business skills for tomorrow’s musical careers.41. A. sponsored B. replaced C. constructed D. competed42. A. create B. undertake C. reflect D. arrange43. A. compositions B. solutions C. projects D. channels44. A. claims B. appeals C. declares D. recognizes45. A. event B. item C. business D. affair46. A. figure out B. carry on C. make up D. set about47. A. aware B. capable C. ignorant D. independent48. A. inventing B. transferring C. searching D. launching49. A. associates B. differs C. contrasts D. varies50. A. situation B. fight C. statement D. disaster51. A. established B. constructed C. founded D. instructed52. A. remain B. insist C. persevere D. sustain53. A. customs B. traditions C. opportunities D. purposes54. A. courses B. activities C. responsibilities D. contracts55. A. suitable B. adequate C. exact D. crucialSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions orunfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)American View On BusinessHenry Ford, a famous American inventor and carmaker, once said: American business is business. What he meant by this is that the American way of life is based on the values of the business world.Few would argue with Ford’s statement. A brief look at a daily newspaper vividly shows how much people in the United States think about business. For example, nearly every newspaper has a business section, in which the deals and projects, finances and management, stock prices and labor problems of corporations are reported daily.In addition, business news can appear in every other section. Most national news has an important financial aspect to it. Welfare, foreign aid, the federal budget, and the policies of the Federal Reserve Bank are all heavily affected by business. Moreover, business news appears in some of the unlikeliest places. The world of arts and entertainment is often referred to as “the entertainme nt industry” or “show business.”The positive side of Henry Ford’s statement can be seen in the wealth that business has brought to U.S. life. One of the most important reasons why so many people from all over the world come to live in the United States is the dream of a better job. Many jobs are produced because the U.S. economic system is driven by competition. People believe that this system creates more wealth, more jobs, and a materially better way of life.The negative side of Henry Ford’s statement, however, can be seen when the word business is taken to mean big business. And the term big business — referring to the biggest companies, is seen in opposition to labor. Throughout U.S. history working people have had to fight hard for higher wages, better working conditions, and the fight to form unions. Today, many of the old labor arguments are over, but there is still some employee anxiety. The laying off of thousands of workers to keep expenses low and profits high creates feelings of insecurity for many.56.According to the passage, the United States is a typical country .A.which encourages free trade at home and abroadB.which normally works according to the federal budgetC.where all businesses are managed scientificallyD.where people’s chief concern is how to make money57.Why do immigrants choose to settle in the United States according to the passage?Because they think that .A.they can start profitable businesses thereB.they can find more and better ways to make a livingC.they will make a fortune overnight thereD.they can be more competitive in business58.Why can Henry Ford’s statement be taken negatively according to the passage?A.Because working people are discouraged to fight for their fights.B.Because public services are not run by the federal government.C.Because there are many industries controlled by a few big capitalists.D.Because there is a conflicting relationship between big corporations and labor.59.Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?A.In the big business there are fewer arguments between labor and management.B.The negative effects of business news will increase employment opportunities.C.Keeping lower costs and higher profits could leave many unemployed.D.In the world of arts and entertainment there is always a rise in workers’ wages.(B)Waterstone’s is the largest bookstore chainin the UK and Ireland, with 296 stores and4500 employees, but its market share hasrecently declined and sales have been poor.The book market suffered during theeconomy declines and the emergence of new e-readers, such as the Amazon Kindle, waspulling more customers away from the highstreet.A&NN will pay for Waterstone’s in twoWaterstone’s founder Tim Waterstone parts, one of £40million and one of£13million.The deal will only complete if HMVcan renegotiate its bank facilities, though HMVsays the banks are supportive of the sale.Pension trustees and the pensions regulator alsohave to approve.HMV chief executive Simon Fox saidA&NN would be a good home for Watersto ne’s,while the sale will reduce borrowings andenable HMV to focus on plans for transformingthe business into a broad-based entertainmentbusiness.A&NN will appoint James Daunt asmanaging director of Waterstone’s once thedeal completes. Mr. Daunt currently runs DauntBooks, a small chain of London-basedbookshops he founded in 1990.60.According to the passage, who is the most likely to be the managing director of Waterstone’sin the near future?A. Mr. WaterstoneB. John BanvilleC. James DauntD. Simon Fox61.What does the word “intuition” mean in the passage?A. instinctive knowledgeB. mental imageC. calm considerationD. indirect suggestion62.Which one of the following is not true according to the passage?A.At present the brand Waterstone’s belongs to HMV.B.During the economy declines, the book market was hit and sales were poor.C.Waterstone’s has long been the largest bookstore chain in the U.K and Ireland.D.Mr. Waterstone made £4 1,000 when he transferred the chain to WH Smith.(C)How Should School Education Be Reformed?The state of public school facilities in the United States is a matter of great concern to educators and administrators. While the mission of public schools has expanded beyond education to include social support and extra-curricular activities, the academic schedule has changed little in more than a century. A report on time and learning released today by the state education committee says saving school time for academic teaching and moving away from the time-limited tradition of education are crucial steps in the school reform process.The committee’s report, entitled Time Prisoner, described fixed clocks and calendars in American education as a fundamental design problem that urgently needs to be changed. “Time should serve children instead of children serving time.” the report says. The two-year committee found that holding American students to world-class standards will require more time for classroom instr uction. “We have been asking the impossible of our students that they learn as much as their foreign peers while spending half as much as in core academic subjects.” it states.The committee compared the relationship between time and learning in Japan, Germany and the United States and found that American students received less than half of the basic academic education received by Japanese and German students. On average, American students can earn a high school diploma if they spend only 41 percent of their school time on academics, says the report. American students spend an average of three hours a day on core academics such as English, math, science, and history, the committee found. Their report recommends offering a minimum of 5.5 hours of academics every school day.The nine-member committee also recommended extending the daily school hours beyond the traditional six hours. “If schools want to continue offering important activities outside the academic core, as well as serving as a center for family and community services, they should keep school doors open longer each day and each year.” says John Hodge Jones, education official of schools in Murfreesboro, Tenn., and chairman of the committee. The typical school year in American public schools is 180 days. Eleven states allow school years of 175 days or less, and only one state requires more than 180 days.“For over a decade, education reformers have been working excitedly to improve our schools,” says Milton Goldberg, executive director of the committee. “But... if reform is to trulytake hold, the six-hour, 180-day school year should go into museums — an exhibit from our education past.”pared with the academic courses more than a hundred years ago, the academic coursesnow .A.include some extra-curricular activitiesB.remain much of what they used to beC.demand students’ more contribution of timeD.focus more on education of social support64.The researches by the committee mentioned in the passage are most concerned about.A.the fashion of education managementB.the elements of school educationC.the changes in education in the recent centuryD.the time devoted to academic learning65.As it is mentioned in the passage, schools in the U.S.A do the following except .A.provide important outside-academic activitiesB.have competition with schools of other countriesC.arrange six-hour teaching and learning every dayD.serve social units such as family and community66.Executive director of the committee Milton Goldberg would most probably disagree that.A.the time of school day and school year should be reducedB.what the education reformers have done is not good enoughC.visiting museums can improve students’ academic learning abilityD.social support and extra-curricular activities should be cancelledSection CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A.Make your passion a physical trait of your personality.B.Post your vision and plan in your bedroom, bathroom, office.C.However, taking the easy way of dishonesty has a tendency to sneak back up on you.D.In the process, adapt to your needs, but know that success will ultimately be yours.E.Even with self-discip line, in the long run, you’ll need contact with spiritual leaders.F.In the end, it causes far more problems than taking the risk of telling the truth.Kick Your Way To SuccessNo man in the world does not desire success. Actually every path to success starts with a great idea. There’s only one problem: good ideas are everywhere. When successful, what reallymatters is not having an idea, but having the courage to make it a reality. This usually means losing the sense of security of a normal job and the risk of getting a steady salary.Even with a great idea and the courage to pursue it, your efforts will be worthless unless you are willing to take massive action. Write down your goals and the action steps you will take to pursue those goals. (67) Share it with others, so they will hold you accountable for achieving your plan. Make yourself responsible and master of your destiny.Without passion, even the greatest vision will become weaker. Without passion, your energy and enthusiasm will flag when you meet with inevitable obstacles. (68)It’s the force allowing you to devote every moment of your workday to bring you closer to the success you are eager to.Once you’ve made a decision, doubt is a worm that eats away at your ability to succeed. Life and work can be hard and even cruel. Remember, the race is not for the swift but rather those who persevere. Rather than allowing doubt to affect your progress, you should be confident in your vision and plan. (69)The old sayings of “no one is an island” and “there is a powerful man” may sound a bit old, but they don’t make them unreal. (70) Meeting regularly can be positive and provide new perspectives on your approach. The Internet makes it very easy to find a coach, an instructor, or a planning group that can provide the emotional support, experience, and wisdom to help turn your vision into reality.IV.Summary Writing71.Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.To Be A Creative PersonWithout creative people, the world would be a terrible place. Can you imagine a life without art? The thought alone makes me tremble. Could you be the next William Shakespeare, Steven Spielberg, or J.K. Rowling?Creative types don’t always get along well with management because they would rather march to the beat of their own drum. Most people have a strong desire to fit in, something that you don’t understand. Following the rules makes you uncomfortable. While most people are running and hiding from problems, you purposely seek them because you love nothing more than a fresh new challenge.You wrote a blog many months ago and thought it was wonderful at the time you published it. But then you read it again later and wonder, “What on earth was I thinking?” You then identify approximately a thousand ways it could have been better and kick yourself for being so stupid. A brain lacking curiosity is not creative.Some writers go to a country house or beach to write novels for a reason. Some atmospheres are more helpful to creativity than others. Maybe you like to pack up your laptop and go to a coffee shop, downtown bench, or under a tree at the park. Whatever the case may be, you need to know where to go to develop your creativity.Inspiration doesn’t happen on its own. Whether it is the opening of an art gallery, a theatrical production, or live music at a downtown bar, you search for inspiration wherever you can find it. It’s nice to know you’re not alone in your desire to create. Whether a person who hates you thinks your art is bad, a family member thinks you deserve a real job, or a friend thinks your ideas willnever work, and you will never give in to outside pressure.V.TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 72.不要运动过度，不然有猝死的可能。
2019年上海高三英语一模 普陀区 听力原文
2019年上海高三英语一模普陀区听力原文2019 Shanghai Senior High School English Listening Test PaperPuTuo DistrictTest 1Listen to the conversation and choose the correct answer (A, B, or C).1. What time is the concert?A. At 7:30.B. At 8:00.C. At 8:30.2. What does the man want to do?A. Buy a ticket.B. Cancel a ticket.C. Reschedule a ticket.3. How much does the man pay?A. 35 yuan.B. 40 yuan.C. 45 yuan.Test 2Listen to the conversation and choose the correct answer (A, B, or C).4. Who is Mr. White?A. A teacher.B. A doctor.C. A musician.5. How does the woman know Mr. White?A. They met on the street.B. They work together.C. They live in the same building.6. What is Mr. White's job?A. Teaching music.B. Giving medical exams.C. Playing sports.Test 3Listen to the conversation and choose the correct answer (A, B, or C).7. What is the man’s job?A. A chef.B. A taxi driver.C. A waiter.8. What kind of restaurant should the woman go to?A. Chinese.B. Italian.C. French.9. What will the woman do next?A. Walk to the restaurant.B. Take a taxi to a different restaurant.C. Call a friend for more suggestions.Test 4Listen to the conversation and choose the correct answer (A, B, or C).10. What is the man doing?A. Making a phone call.B. Typing on a computer.C. Reading a book.11. Why does the man have to leave?A. He has an appointment.B. He is running late.C. He needs to catch a bus.12. When will the man come back?A. At 2:00.B. At 3:00.C. At 4:00.Test 5Listen to the conversation and choose the correct answer (A, B, or C).13. What is the woman’s problem?A. She can’t find her phone.B. She needs help with her computer.C. She wants to buy a new phone.14. What does the man suggest the woman do?A. Check the kitchen.B. Look in her purse.C. Call her friend.15. Where does the woman find her phone?A. In the living room.B. In the bedroom.C. In the bathroom.Test 6Listen to the conversation and choose the correct answer (A, B, or C).16. What is the woman’s problem?A. She lost her wallet.B. She can’t find her keys.C. She left her bag at a friend’s house.17. What does the man suggest the woman do?A. Check her pockets again.B. Call her friend.C. Go back to her friend’s house.18. Where does the woman find her keys?A. In her purse.B. In the car.C. In the bathroom.Test 7Listen to the conversation and choose the correct answer (A, B, or C).19. Where is the woman standing?A. In the middle of the sidewalk.B. In the park.C. In line for ice cream.20. What is the woman doing?A. Looking at her phone.B. Eating ice cream.C. Talking on the phone.21. What will the woman do next?A. Go to a coffee shop.B. Walk to the park.C. Meet her friend at the ice cream shop.Test 8Listen to the conversation and choose the correct answer (A, B, or C).22. What did the man forget?A. To buy tickets.B. To pick up his friend.C. To book a table.23. What does the woman suggest they do?A. Go to the cinema.B. Find a restaurant.C. Go to the museum.24. What will the woman do while the man goes back to pick up his friend?A. Wait outside the restaurant.B. Order food for three people.C. Call the friend to come to the restaurant.Test 9Listen to the conversation and choose the correct answer (A, B, or C).25. Why is the woman late?A. She missed the bus.B. She got stuck in traffic.C. She overslept.26. What is the man concerned about?A. The woman’s safety.B. Missing the start of the meeting.C. Finding a place to eat.27. What does the man suggest they do next?A. Grab a quick breakfast.B. Call a taxi.C. Walk to the meeting place.Test 10Listen to the conversation and choose the correct answer (A, B, or C).28. How does the woman feel now?A. Nervous.B. Excited.C. Angry.29. What is the woman worried about?A. Passing the test.B. Missing the deadline for the project.C. Getting a promotion.30. What does the man suggest the woman do?A. Wait for more information.B. Work on the project immediately.C. Talk to her boss about the promotion.This is the end of the listening test. Thank you for listening.。
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学霸学习提醒一、课本是最好的老师。
要注重基础，反复研读课本，巩固基础知识。
二、要养成良好的学习习惯。
良好的学习习惯是高效率掌握知识的保障。
三、要保持良好的学习状态，自信踏实，刻苦努力，以饱满的精神迎接新一天的挑战。
四、课堂上：专心听讲是第一位。
事实证明，自以为是的确是不好的习惯。
同样的例题，自己看懂与听老师讲懂是完全不同的两种效果。
五、建议同学们在课外多投入些时间做题，并且要从心里重视数学。
还应该准备一个错题本，老老实实地将每次错过的题抄在上面，并写上正确的解题思路，变不懂为精通。
特别提醒：请学习稍差的同学一定不要放弃，哪怕到最后一学期，也不能放弃。
只要按照老师说的去做，只要塌实地付出了，就一定会有奇迹出现。
永远不要放弃拼搏，因为奇迹只发生在相信奇迹存在的人身上！！！普陀区2018-2019学年度第一学期期末质量监控试卷高三英语（满分140分，完卷时间120分钟）2018.12考生注意：1.考试时间120分钟，试卷满分140分。
2. 本次考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。
所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
3. 答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名。
I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. Salesperson and customer. B. food show and guest.C. Manufacturer and supplier.D. producer and director.2. A. He is fearless. B. He is thoughtful.C. He is helpful.D. He is forgetful.3. A. Sixty minutes. B. Seventy-five minutes.C. An hour and twenty minutes.D. An hour and a half.4. A. He hasn't been to the theater for many years.B. He doesn't think there are many good movies these years.C. He doesn't like seeing movies except this good one.D. The film recommended by her brother is highly praised.5. A. Sue and Jim are both loaners.B. Sue borrows things from her roommate and returns it in time.C. Jim never borrows anything from his roommateD. Sue likes to take what she borrows as her own6. A. Many volunteers participated in the work of selling houses.B. Many people who couldn't afford a house can now afford it.C. People without money can do voluntary work.D.Volunteers can get a cheaper price for buying a house.7. A. The woman likes making videos instead of photography.B. The woman likes photography instead of making videos.C. The woman like making videos as well as photography.D. The woman’s hobby changed from photography to videos.8. The online comments were different from what people felt on the spot.B. The comments could have been much better on the Internet.C. The comments didn’t have a good time at the opening ceremony of the festival.C. The actors in the performance were highly praised on the Internet.9. A. Anyone can be lonely on a trip.B. Travelling is lonely but meaningful.C. Traveling alone is fun but it’s hard to avoid trouble.D. It is commended that more people go traveling on together.10. A. They think keeping pets in the apartment is good for health.B. They think that knives should be avoided from hurting pets.C. They have agreed on the problem of raising pets in the apartment.D. They don't think pets should be exposed to anything in the apartment.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.emotional person.11. A. He may be a very intelligent man. B. He may be a sportsman.C. He may be an imaginative man.D. He may be a very emotional person.12. A. Someone who likes country music and pop music.B. Someone who likes opera and light music.C. Someone who likes heavy metal and pop music.D. Someone who likes blues, classical and jazz music.13. A. People who like music also like sports.B. Music taste revea ls people’s personality and intelligence.C. Easy-going people prefer music and have the highest IQ.D. People with an open personality love various styles of music.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. А. 14. B. 40. C.66 D. 120.15. A. Young people and students often visit this special branch.B. Employees have two days off a week.C. The Coffee Chain has been working with the National Institute for the old.D. New employees are trained by older employees until they have enough confidence.16. A. Information about Starbucks Coffee Chains in the world.B. Information about a special coffee shop whose posts are only for the elderly.C. Information about the CEO of Starbucks Mexico.D. Information about Starbucks' global employment plan for the elderlyQuestions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. They are teacher and student.B. They are good friends.C. They are colleagues.D. They are sister and brother.18. Grade Nine. B. Grade Ten.C. Grade Eleven.D. D. Grade Twelve.19. A. They'll have classes together.B. They'll go to Band together.C. They'll visit their professor together.D. They’ll go to lunch together.20. A. About the European historyB. About the new teacher's teaching style.C. About the class schedule in the mailD. About the famous people in the singing group.II. Grammar and vocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.The Best Book I’ve Ever ReadFrankly, I have read nearly all of the great works of literature, but no book has ever impressed me as deeply or directly (21)________ Joel Stein’s Man Made: A Stupid Quest for Masendinity.Haven’t we all, on some level, been Jewish boys in New Jersey in (22)________ 1970s with only female friends, an Easy-Bake oven and a strong preference for show tunes? Haven’t we all had a panic attack (23)________ learning we’re going to have a son, since that means we’re going to have to figure out how to throw footballs, watch other people throw footballs and decide (24)________ to be happy or sad about the results of football throwing? Haven’t we all then tried to correct our lack of maleness bybecoming a man, fighting fires with firefighters, (25)________ (drive) a Lamborghini and doing three days of Army training camp? I know I have.The only parts I didn’t fully enjoy were (26)________ in which the author suffered horribly. After just three hours of training camp, he fainted weakly into the arms of a soldier. The film rights to Man Made have already been sold to Fox, and I hope it gets (27)________ (turn) into a movie with George Clooney playing the Stein role, since they remind me so much of each other.(28)________ this is only Stein’s first book, I would already consider him as someone like David Sedaris, Dave Barry, James Thurber, Mark Twain and Abraham Lincoln. I (29)________ (recommend) Man Made not just to all my friends and family but also to strangers on Twitter over and over again. My one fear is (30)________ after this great achievement, Stein will lose his ability to be a cruel critic of our shallow times.Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. generatedB. furnitureC. fameD. resultingE. suggestionsF. developedG. eventuallyH. completedI. fixedJ. commercialK. softlyThe Father of JD PrintingAbout twenty years ago, the surgeons at the Wilford Hull medical center working to separate a pair of conjoined(连体的) twins thought that only one would be able to walk after the operation. After a model of the girls’ bone structure was (31)________ using 3D printing, however, they found a shared upper leg bone to be bigger than expected and split it successfully, (32)________ in both twins being able to walk. Now eighty and still working as chief technology officer of 3D Systems. Chuck Hull is enjoying some minor (33)________ 31 years after he first printed a small black eye-wash cup using a new method of manufacturing known as 3D printing.At the time, he was working for a company that used UV light to put thin layers of plastic coats on tabletops and (34)________. He had an idea that if he could place thousands of thin layers of plastic on top of each other and then cut their shape using light, he would be able to form three dimensional objects. After a year, he (35)________ a system where light was shone into a bottle of photopolymer – a material which changes from liquid to plastic-like solid when light shines on it – and traces the shape of one level of the object. Subsequent layers are then printed until it is (36)________.After patenting the invention, he set up 3D Systems, (37)________ getting $6m (£3.5m) from a Canadian investor. The first (38)________ product came out in 1988 and proved a hit among car manufacturers, in the aerospace sector and for companies designing medical equipment. The possibilities appear endless – from home-printed food and medicine to (39)________ that pictures of objects be able to be taken in shops and then recreated using plans downloaded from the Internet Although deliberate in his responses, there is one moment when the (40)________ spoken Chuck Hull tells of his surprise about what exactly his creation was capable of achieving.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Words to Turn a Conversation AroundIt’s not what you say, but it’s how you say it –isn’t it? According to a language expert, we may have this wrong. “We are pushed and pulled around by language far more than we (41)________,” says Elizabeth Stoke, professor of social interaction at Loughborough University. Stoke and her colleagues have (42)________ thousands of hours of recorded conversations, from customer services to mediation(调解) hotlines and police crisis (43)________. They discovered that certain words or phrases have the power to change the course of a conversation.Some of these words are surprising, and (44)________ what we’ve been taught to believe. For example, in a study of conversations between doctors and patients, evidence showed that doctors who (45)________ options rather than recommended best solutions, got a better response, despite the suggestion from hospital guidelines to talk about the best interests of the patient. But, from conversation experts such as Stoke to FBI negotiators and communication coaches, we’re learning which words are likely to (46)________ or persuade us.Stoke found that people who had already responded (47)________ when asked if they would like to attend mediation seemed to change their minds when the mediator used the phrase. “Would you be willing to come for a meeting?” “As soon as the word ‘willing’ was used, people would say: ‘Oh, yes, definitely’—they would actually (48)________ the sentence to agree.” Stoke found it had the same effect in different settings: with business-to-business cold callers; with doctors trying to (49)________ people to go to a weight-loss class. She also looked at phrases such as “Would you like to” and “Would you be interested in”. “Sometimes they (50) ________, but ‘willing’ was the one that got people to ag ree more rapidly and with more enthusiasm.”“’Hello’ is a really important word that can change the (51)________ of a conversation,” Stoke says. “It’s about how you respond to people who are what we call ‘first movers’ – people who say something really (52)________,” “It might be the work colleagues who are extremely angry to your desk with a complaint or the neighbor who (53)________ rude words about parking as you’re putting out the bins.” “What do you do with that person? Rather than respond in the same manner, saying something nice, such asa very bright ‘Hello!’, socializes that other person a little bit.” Use it when you want to resist getting into a(54)________. “You have to be careful not to sound too passive-aggressive,” Stoke says, “but just one friendly word in a bright tone can delete the (55)________ of the conversation.”41. A. suggest B. realize C. imply D. emphasize42. A. analyzed B. addressed C. simplified D. discovered43. A. instructions B. revolutions C. associations D. negotiations44. A. get into B. turn away C. go against D. insist on45. A. pointed B. inspired C. motivated D. listed46. A. comfort B. defend C. support D. protect47. A. actively B. positively C. negatively D. passively48. A. finish B. reject C. refuse D. interrupt49. A. persuade B. stimulate C. force D. tempt50. A. interacted B. worked C. responded D. initiated51. A. approach B. course C. evolution D. pattern52. A. impractical B. unimaginative C. critical D. illogical53. A. keeps back B. answers for C. agrees on D. launches into54. A. conflict B. disaster C. strike D. damage55. A. challenge B. debate C. worry D. silenceSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Last summer, bird-watchers confirmed the discovery of a new species of bird in Cambodia was not an event of particular biological significance, but it was striking for one reason in part. This species of bird was discovered not in an unspoiled rain fores t but within the limits Cambodia’s capital, Phnom Penh – a city the size of Philadelphia.What the researchers found was surprising in cities. The medium-sized city in the state about 110 species of birds, over 95 percent of which would have been growing there urbanization. Ecologically speaking, cities are different, concrete buildings. Rather, each unique bio-profile –a kind of ecological fingerprint – that is against the idea of an environment dead zone.Of course, it’s also true that in the world of b irds and plants, as in human society, there is such a thing as worldwide—the city-inhabitants who feel equally at home in San Francisco, Milan and Beijing. Four birds occur in more than 80 percent of the cities studied, and 11 plants occurred in more than 90 percent of the cities. On the plant side, those are seemingly spread by European settlement. In the air, it’s the usual suspects: the rock pigeon and many other birds.“They have become completely adapted to urban life,”Katti says.“T hat’s not much of surprise. But they don’t actually dominate as much as we think they do.”Those species—occurring in the cities across the globe—represent only a small part of a city’s natural varieties. Not all cities are equal protectors of native animals and plants, though. One of the biggest predictors for a city’s biodiversity is its urban design. Territory as varied as backyards and street trees can lay important roles in greening a city. In fact, the amouht of green space is a stronger predictor of the density of biodive rsity than a city’s size. A metropolis with a sizable network of parks can contain more species per square mile than a much smaller city.In a world where architecture, food, language, fashion and commerce are increasingly globalized, a city’s native anima ls and plants can be a kind of identity. There may be neighborhoods in London and Paris that resemble Singapore or Hong Kong. Cities are becoming similar, but their natural environments stand completely apart.56. According to the passage, what do you thi nk of Phnom Penh, Cambodia’s capital?A. It is full of various rare plants and animals.B. Its birds’ population is larger than that of San Francisco.C. It’s as big as Philadelphia in terms of area.D. It is on an equal footing with Beijing and Milan.57. Which of the following statements is NOT the same as the author’s idea?A. From a biological point new changes happen every day.B. From an environmental point the daily changes aren’t obvious enough.C. Each city has different characteristics in terms of ecological development.D. Different species of creatures are born in different cities.58. Some plants are found in many cities in the world, which seems to be a result of ____.A. natural selectionB. globalizationC. urban developmentD. colonization59. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A. What Surprising Cities! The Medium-sized City Has Various Species of Birds!B. The Power of Plants and Animals! The Charm of All the Cities!C. The Cities Are Concrete Jungles! Never Think about Them the Same Way Again!D. More Species Per Square Mile! The Amount of Green Space Is a Stronger Predictor!（B）Please Choose Cloud Servicesmay be unsure, or you do not know where to begin. Trying every Cloud service would take a lot of time and work. But, the website might help.One valuable feature is the protection of digital files, including photos, videos, documents, music and more. If the worst happens and your computer crashes, or gets lost or damaged, your files can still found in the Cloud.Cloud services let you access your files from almost anywhere. No need to worry about a file stored on your computer when you are away from your desk. If you have an Internet connection, you can open your files from any computer, or from a phone, when they are stored using a Cloud service.Using a Cloud service makes sharing files easier. If you send documents to a group using emails, you may then wonder which version everyone is working with. When sharing files using a Cloud service, everyone will see the same document and the latest version.The first thing to consider is the amount of storage space you need. Check how much space you are currently using on your computer and mobile devices. If your computer or phone is filled with photos and you have little free space, you may want to move your photos to the Cloud. Some Cloud services are free. But, if you need a lot of space, you will probably need one that costs money.Even if everyone you have ever met is a Windows user, you still probably want a Cloud service that works with many platforms. You might become friends with an Android user or start a job with a company that computers on Apple!60. Which of the following is true according to the passage?A. Google-Drive users can obtain 100GB for free.B. Most Cloud services can send files to both the Cloud and the local computer.C. It’s hard to transfer your file when you turn on the computer if it is stored in the Cloud.D. Never worry about finding your files in the Clouds if the computer system crashes.61. What will you have to do if you need more space to store more files in the Cloud?A. To use your own Cloud services.B. To share Cloud space with others.C. To spend money buying space.D. To buy the latest version of the service.62. How can consumers find the Cloud service that suits them best?A. By learning more information about the space occupied by files.B. By comparing Cloud’s function, storage, available space and prices.C. By sending files to a group of people via e-mail inquiring about the Cloud service.D. By making friends with Android users who use Apple computers.（C）Is Paperless Office Really Paperless?A rising economy increased paper sales by 6 yo 7 percent each year in the early to mid-1990s, and the convenience of desktop printing allowed office workers to indulge anything and everything. In 2004, Ms Dunn, a communications supplies director, said that plain white office paper would see less than a 4 percent growth rate, a primary reason for which is that some 47 percent of the workforce entered the job market after computers had already been introduced to offices.For office innovators, the dream of paperless office is an example of high-tech arrogance（傲慢）. Today’s office service is overwhelmed By more newspapers than ever before. After decades of development, the American government can finally get rid of the madness on paper. In the past, the demand for paper has been far ahead of growth in the American economy, but the sales have slowed markedly over the past two to three years, despite the good economic conditions.“Old habits are hard to break,”says Ms. Dunn.“There are some functions that paper serves where a screen display doesn’t work. Those funcitons are both its strength a nd its weakness.”Analysts attribute the decline to such factors as advances in digital databases and communication systems. Escaping our craving for paper, however, will be anything but an easy affair.“W e’re finally seeing a reduction in the amount of pap er being used per worker in the workplace,”says John Maine, vice president of a paper economic consulting firm.“More information is being transmitted electronically, and an increasing number of people are satisfied that information exists only in electronic form without printing multiple backups.”To reduce paper use, some companies are working to combine digital and paper capabilities. For example, Xerox is developing electronic paper: thin digital displays that respond to a stylus, like a pen on paper. Marks can be erased or saved digitally. Even with such technological advances, the increasing amounts of electronic data necessarily require more paper.“The information industry today is composed of a thin paper crust surrounding an electronic core,”Mr. Saffo wrote. The growing paper crust is most noticeable, but the hidden electronic core is far larger and growing more rapidly. The result is that we are becomign paperless, but we hardly notice at all.“T hat’s one of the greatest ironies of the information age,”Saffo says.“I t’s just common sense that the more you talk to someone by phoen or computer, it inevitably leads to a face-to-face meeting. The best thing for the aviation industry was the Internet.”63. Which of the following statements is NOT a reason for the slowdown in American paper sales?A. Workforce with better computer skills.B. Slow growth of the U.S. economy.C. Changing patterns in paper use.D. Changing employment trends.64. What does the last sentence in Para 3 mean?A. We have to look at paper consumption from different angles.B. There is little chance that paper consumption will fall in the digital age.C. Paper consumption will be greatly reduced in the digital age.D. People are no longer so addicted to paper in the digital age.65. The innovations from Xerox and other companies feature ___.A. the intergration of digital technology with traditional paperB. the chance from traditional paper to digital technologyC. the combination of the use of computer screens and cell phonesD. a new type of computer writing and communciation66. What can we draw from the example of the aviation industry in the last paragraph?A. The dream of the paperless office will be realized some day.B. People usually prefer to have face-to-face meetings instead of using computers.C. More digital data use leads to greater paper use in the digital time.D. Some people are no longer opposed to video-conferencing.Section CDirections：Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A. There are five reason for the accident and you are guilty.B. Every year thousands of people are horribly killed, and we sit still and let it happen.C. Surprisingly, society should smile at the driver and forgive him.D. Someone has rightly said that when a person is sitting behind the steering wheel, his car becomes an extension of his personality.E. All advertisements that emphasize power and performance should be banned.F. It is time to develop a universal norm to reduce this senseless waste of human life.Traffic Regulation and Accident PreventionWe live in a remarkable time, and many of the once fatal diseases can now be cured with modern medicine and surgery. It is almost certain that one day a cure will be found for the rest of the diseases. Expectations of life have greatly increased. But though the possibility of living a long and happy life is greater than ever before, every day we witness the incredible killing of men, women and children on the roads. Man fights against the motor-car. It is a never-ending battle which man is losing. ___67___ Nothing can seriously increase your risk of potentially fatal car accidents other than speeding and failing to pay due attention to weather conditions. ___68___ There is no doubt that the motor-car often brings out a man’s very worst qualities. Usually quiet and pleasant people, when they are behind the steering wheel, will become unrecognizable. They are impolite, aggressive, self-willed like two-year-old, completely selfish. All their hidden frustrations, disappointments, and jealousy seem to be caused by driving.___69___ It’s all for his own convenience. Due to a serious tragedy, the city is almost uninhabitable and the huge parking lot makes the town ugly. The destruction of rural areas and the annual mass killings are just a statistic, easily forgotten. With regard to driving, the laws of some countries are not strict and even the strictest are not strict enough.Traffic rules are for everyone to follow under any circumstances, and no one can make an exception unless you make a joke of your own life. Universally accepted standards can only have a significantbeneficial on the incidence of accidents. Governments should develop safety codes for manufacturers. ___70___ These measures may sound cruel. However, if these measures result in a reduction in the loss of life every year, they should certainly not be considered serious. After all, the world belongs to humans, not cars.Ⅳ. Summary Writing.Directions：Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.All Must Have DegreesIn a classroom in Seoul a group of teenagers sit over their desks in total silence. Study begins at eight in the morning and ends at half past four in the afternoon. And some even go back home at midnight. Like thousands of South Koreans, they are preparing for the important exam, which will largely determine whether they go to a good university or not. Degrees have become useful. Seventy percent of students who graduate from the country’s secondary schools now go straight to universities.Many more countries have seen a big rise in the share of young people with degrees, but South Korea is an extreme case. As technological reforms require workers to do many difficult and demanding jobs that they would not have done before, there seems to be reasonable to insist that more workers receive a good education than before. And a degree is an obvious way for bright youngsters From poor families to prove their abilities. People tend to earn more if they have degrees.Employers do not have to pay for higher education and they are increasingly able to demand degrees to screen out the least motivated or capable. A recent study by Joseph Fuller and Manjari Romaan of Harvard Business School shows that companies routinely require applicants to have degrees, even though only a minority of those already working in the role have them.The Economist’s analysis found that between 1970 and 2015, the proportion of 256 workers aged 25-64 with at least a bachelor’s degree increased. Some of them are highly intellectually demanding jobs, such as aviation engineers. Others are non-graduate jobs such as waiting tables. Sixteen percent of waiters now have degrees, because probably in most cases they could not find jobs and live poorly. Today, having a degree is usually an entry requirement.Ⅴ. Translation.Directions：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 晚上别喝太多的咖啡，会睡不着觉的。