传质分离过程 课件

• 主要内容及要求： 了解分离操作在化工生产中的重要性， 分离过程的分类。 了解化工分离过程的研发现状和发展 趋势。
What is Separation?
Basic Description of Operations
Operations are classified as key operations and auxiliary operations • Key Operation: involves reaction or separations Examples: distillation, leaching, reactor • Auxiliary Operation: involves no change in chemical composition Examples: pumps, heaters, compressors
讲授内容
第5章 传质分离过程的严格模拟计算 建立通用模型，求解三对角矩阵（泡点法，流率加合 法）。 第7章 分离过程的节能优化与集成 分离过程最小功和热力学效率，精馏的节能技术，分 离流程优化和集成
第一章 绪 论
第一章 绪 论 Chapter 1 Introduction
1.1 传质分离过程的分类 Classes of Separation Operation 1.2 分离过程的研究和技术开发 Study on Separation Process and Development
1998
2006
J. D. Seader
2002
J. D. Seader
源自文库
1. Development of new mathematical methods for solving large sets of nonlinear equations to obtain multiple solutions. 2. Mathematical studies of computer- aided process synthesis and design.
Contents (contd)
• Chapter 9 Approximate Methods for Multicomponent, Multistage Separations • Chapter 10 Equilibrium-based Methods for Multicomponent Absorption, Stripping, Distillation, and Extration • Chapter 11 Enhanced pproximate Methods for Multicomponent, Multistage Separations • Chapter 12 Rate-based Models for Distillation • Chapter 13 Batch Distillation • Chapter 14 Membrane Separations • Chapter 15 Adsorption, Ion Exchange, and Chromatography

Principles Applications Calculations
Chemical Separation Principles
Contents
• Chapter 1 SeparationProcesses • Chapter 2 Thermodynamics of Separation Operations • Chapter 3 Mass Transfer and Diffusion • Chapter 4 Singer Equilibrium Stages and Flash Calculations • Chapter 5 Cascades • Chapter 6 Absorption and Stripping of Dilute Mixtures • Chapter 7 Distillation of Binary Mixtures • Chapter 8 Liquid-liquid Extraction with Ternary Systems
Separation of oxygen from air and of CO2 from blood in the lungs Selective removal of water and waste products of metabolism from blood in the kidneys Selective absorption of nutrients in the intestines.
References---Journals
AIChE Journal, ACS
Chemical Engineering Science, Elsevier Science
Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, ACS Chemical Engineering Technology, Wiley
What is Separation?
借助一定的分离剂，实现混合物中的组分分级 （Fractionalization）、浓缩 （Concentration）、富集（Enrichment）、 纯化（Purification）、精制（Refining）与 隔离（Isolation）等的过程称为分离过程。
Why Separate？
In Human Body
Separation processes: Our life depends on these
静脉 动脉 肾小球
输尿管
Kidney: the perfect ultrafilter
Critical separations in human body
讲授内容
第1章 绪论 第2章 传质分离过程的热力学基础 两组分平衡计算，已知一相中的浓度，求另一相的浓度。 泡点温度、露点温度、闪蒸计算。 第3章 气液传质分离过程 过程分析：e.g.精馏中温度分布、组成分布、流量分布。 简捷计算（short-cut）：确定关键组分、最少理论板、 最小回流比、实际板数、实际回流比。 萃取精馏和共沸精馏——特殊精馏。 气体吸收：过程分析；吸收的简捷计算。
着重基本概论的理解，为分离过 程的选择、特性分析和计算奠定基 础。从分离过程的共性出发，讨论 各种分离方法的特征。强调将工程 和工艺相结合的观点及设计和分析 能力的训练；强调理论联系实际， 提高解决问题的能力。
教学要求---Requirements
掌握各种常用分离过程的基 本原理，操作特点，简捷和 严格计算方法，强化改进分 离过程操作的途径，并了解 一些新型分离技术。
What is Separation?
纯组分变成混合物，是熵增自发过程，反之， 混合物变成纯净物则需作功。
Mixing is inherent in nature: The increase in entropy associated with the randomness of a mixture lowers the Gibbs free energy. To “unmix” a solution we must overcome the entropic driving force to mix.
In Industry
Why Separate？
• 工程应用需要纯物质（如半导体材料）；Need for pure material in engineering application (semiconductors) • 原料提纯； Preparation of raw materials into their components • 材料加工需要纯物质；Need for pure material for materials processing • 有毒有害物质或非活性物质的去除（如药物）；Need to remove toxins or inactive components from solution (drugs) • 测试或检测用超纯标准品； Need for ultrapure samples for testing • 混合物组成检测（如DNA检测）；Need for analysis of the components of the mixture (DNA testing) • ……
《传质分离过程》
•第1章 绪论
•第2章 传质分离过程的热力学基础
•第3章 气液传质分离过程 •第4章 液液传质分离过程 •第5章 传质分离过程的严格模拟计算 •第6章 气固、液固传质分离过程 •第7章 分离过程的节能优化与集成
教学目标---Objective
利用已学的物理化学、化工原理、 化工热力学、传递过程等课程中有 关相平衡热力学和动力学机理，传 热、传质和动量传递理论来研究化 工生产实际中复杂物系的分离和提 纯技术。
2004
References---Books
■ Phillip C. Wankat Separation Process Engineering (2006) ■ J.L.Humphrey, G.E. Keller Separation Process Technology (1997) ■ Kirk-othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology. 4th ed, New York, Wiley. ■ Cary Judson King Separation processes (1980) ■ Ernest J. Henley, J. D. Seader Equilibrium-stage separation operations in chemical engineering (1981)
化工分离过程 Chemical Separation Processes
class hours : 48 credits: 3.0
中文教材
刘家祺 主编，李韡、吴洪、姜忠义 参编. 化学工业出版社，2005年12月.
曾用教材
2002
1995
Textbook
J.D.Seader, E.J.Henley. Separation Process Principles
Course objective
Get an overview on separation processes relevant to the chemical and process industry Learn some of these separation processes in varying degrees of detail:
References---Journals
Separation and Purification Technology， Elsevier Science
Journal of membrane Science, Elsevier Science
Course Description
Fundamentals of various separation processes and the tools necessary for selecting the most suitable separation sequence for a required task. Equilibrium-based processes such as distillation, extraction, absorption and stripping, adsorption and crystallization as well as rate-governed processes such as membrane separation. Discussion of comparative energy requirements, economics, advantage and disadvantages of proposed separation tasks.