市场类中英文对照翻译
常用办公室标牌中英文对照
常用办公室标牌中英文对照(各行业)1.办公室用品中英对照:办公花瓶mini vase 办公用大头针office pin 办公钟office clock 笔架penholder 笔座pen holder 便条, 短笺notepaper 尺ruler 磁碟座CD holder 地球仪globe 订书钉Staple 订书机Stapler 告示帖座memo holder 工字针paper fastener 胶纸座tape dispenser 咖啡机coffee machine 开信刀letter opener 美工刀cutter 名片business card 名片夹business card holder 铅笔刀pencil sharpener 切纸刀paper cutter 日记簿diary book 书立book stand 塑封机plastic-envelop machine 万字夹paper clip holder 文件袋expanding file 文件柜document cabinet 文具架stationery rack 相框photo frame 信报箱letter box 修改胶带correction tap 桌上办公用品desk accessories 桌上日历desktop calendar2.办公室部门英文名称:人力资源开发部Human Resources Division人事部Personnel Department培训部Training Department督导部Quality Inspection Department计财部Finance and Accounting Division财务部Accounting Department成本部Cost-control Department采购部Purchasing Department电脑部E.D.P.市场营销部sales & Marketing Division销售部Sales Department公关部Public Relation Department预订部Reservation Department客务部Room Division前厅部Front Office Department管家部Housekeeping Department餐饮部Food & Beverage Department康乐部Recreation and Entertainment Department工程部Engineering Department保安部Security Department行政部Rear-Service Department商场部Shopping Arcade预算部Budget Dept. 市场部Marketing Dept.工程设计部Construction & Design Dept. 样品室Sample Room 会议室Meeting Room保卫室Safe-Guarder Room /Guard Room策划部主管Supervisor/Director of Planning Department传达室reception room食堂工作间Canteen workshop值班室Room on-duty质量安全部Quality Safety Department部门经理办公室:Section manager's office质量和安全部Quality & Safety Department商务接待室:Business anteroom会客室——Meeting Room发行部——Publish Dept.技术部——Technology Dept.行政部——Administration项目部——Project Dept.设计部——Design Dept.餐厅——Cafeteria保安室——Guard Room储藏室——Store Room技术质量部Technical quality department,市场运行部market movement department,设计开发部design development departmentVIP贵宾室--VIP room副总经理---Office of the general assistant manager助理室---the office of the assistant经理室---the office of the manager会议室---the conference room档案室---the file room签约室一---Reception Room one签约室二---Reception Room Two签约室三--- Reception Room Three更衣室---Dressing Room办公室---office储藏室---closet财务部---accounting department策划部---strategy department(division)副总室---the office of vice president营销部---the sales department工程部--- engineering department总师室--the office the general engineer经理室---office of the manager物业管理---property management促销部sales promotion Dept.总务部Gernal affairs Dept.策划部,启化部.drafting barracks营业部Business Offices公共关系部Public Relations Dept.行政部administration department 经理室manager's office 销售部marketing deparment电脑室computer center 业务部business department 经理室general manager's office 客服部consumer service department 洗手间restroom 主任室director's office 档案室muniment room工程部engineering department 策划部scheme department办公室秘书office secretary 副经理室Assistant manager room销售部sales department培训部training department 采购部purchases department 茶水间tea room会议室conference rooms 接待区receptions areas 前台onstage弱电箱weak battery cases 员工区work areas董事长Board chairman 或者Chairman of the board营销总公司sales general company综合办公室主任Director of Administration Office对外销售部经理manager of Foreign sales department 或者Foreign sales manager电子商务部经理manager of electronic commerce department 或者electronic commerce manager电子商务部副经理deputy/vice manager of electronic commerce department 或者electronic commerce deputy/vice manager市场策划部副经理deputy/vice manager of Marketing Department或者Marketing Department-Deputy Manager客户服务部经理manager of customer service department 或者customer service manager办事处主任director of office 副总经理室vice general manager网络市场部networks marketing room 技术质检部technique and quality checking room会议室meeting room 多功能厅multi-usage room国际贸易部international marketing department国内销售部domestic sales department 洽谈室chatting room 贵宾洽谈室vip chating room 生产部production department 供应部providing department男女洗手间woman/man's toilet男浴室man's washing room女浴室woman's washing room总经办General Administrative Office复印室Copying Room 会议室Boardroom 机房Machine Room 信息部Info. Dept. 人事部HR Dept.财务结算室Settlement Room 财务单证部Document Dept.董事、总裁President Office董事、副总裁Director Office Vice-President Office总裁办公室President’s Assistant Office总裁办、党办President’s Assistant Office General Committee Office资产财务部Finanical Dept.amysangsang (本命年的困惑)中级会员状态离线#2使用道具发表于2007-8-4 09:05 资料个人空间个人短信加为好友只看该作者办公室英语:用品,部门,职务的英文表达,希望大家看到可备不时之需(2)3.办公室职务英文名称:行政副管家Assistant Executive Housekeeper办公室文员Order Taker工程总监Chief Engineer工程部经理Engineering Manager值班工程师Duty Engineer保安部经理Security Manager保安部副经理Asst. Security Manager保安部主任Security Manager保安员Security Manager医疗/护理Medicine / Nursing医生(中、西医)Medical Doctor医学管理人员Healthcare / Medical Management医药技术人员Medical Technician医疗/护理Medicine / Nursing医生(中、西医)Medical Doctor医学管理人员Healthcare / Medical Management医药技术人员Medical Technician药库主任/药剂师Pharmacist护士/护理人员?urse / Nursing Personnel临床协调员Clinical Coodinator临床研究员Clinical Researcher麻醉师Anesthesiologist心理医生Psychologist/Psychiatrist医药学检验Clinical Laboratory咨询/顾问Consultant专业顾问Senior Consultant咨询总监Consulting Director / Partner咨询经理Consulting Manager咨询员Consultant公务员Official公务员Official在校学生Student应届毕业生Graduating Student实习生Intern/Trainee培训生Trainee/Intern培训生Trainee服务Service美容/健身顾问Exercise Coach/Fitness Trainer餐饮/娱乐经理Banquet Services Manager宾馆/酒店经理Reception Manager领班Supervisor服务员Service Staff营业员/收银员/理货员Shop Clerk/Salesperson厨师Chief/Cook导游Tour Guide司机Chauffeur/Driver保安Security寻呼员/话务员Paging Operator建筑/房地产Construction/Real Estate建筑工程师Architect结构/土建工程师Structural Engineer电气工程师Electrical Engineer给排水/暖通工程师Drainage/HV AC Engineer工程造价师/预结算Budgeting Specialist建筑工程管理Construction Management工程监理Engineering Project Supervisor室内外装潢设计Decorator城市规划与设计Urban Design/Planning建筑制图CAD Drafter施工员Construction Crew房地产开发/策划Real Estate Development/Planning 房地产评估Real Estate Appraisal房地产中介/交易Real Estate Agent/Broker物业管理Property Management翻译Translator英语翻译English Translator日语翻译Japanese Translator德语翻译German Translator法语翻译French Translator俄语翻译Russian Translator西班牙语翻译Spanish Translator朝鲜语翻译Korean Translator其他语种翻译Other Language Translator兼职Part Time高级管理Senior Management首席执行官/总经理CEO/GM/President副总经理Deputy GM/VP/Management Trainee总监Director合伙人Partner总裁/总经理助理CEO/GM/President Assistant物流/贸易/采购Logis./Trading/Merchand./Purch.物流经理Logistics Manager物流主管Logistics Supervisor物流专员/助理Logistics Specialist/Assistant物料经理Materials Manager物料主管Materials Supervisor采购经理Purchasing Manager采购主管Purchasing Supervisor采购员Purchasing Specialist/Staff外贸/贸易经理/主管Trading Manager/Supervisor外贸/贸易专员/助理Trading Specialist/Assistant业务跟单经理Merchandiser Manager高级业务跟单Senior Merchandiser业务跟单Merchandiser助理业务跟单Assistant Merchandiser仓库经理/主管Warehouse Manager仓库管理员Warehouse Specialist运输经理/主管Distribution Manager/Supervisor报关员Customs Specialist单证员Documentation Specialist船务人员Shipping Specialist快递员Courier理货员Warehouse Stock Management文字/艺术/设计Writer/Editor/Creative Artist/Designer 编辑/作家/撰稿人Editor/Writer记者Journalist / Reporter校对/录入Proofreader/Data Entry Staff排版设计Layout Designer艺术/设计总监Creative/Design Director影视策划/制作人员Entertainment Planning / Production 导演Director摄影师Photographer音效师Recording / Sounds Specialist演员/模特/主持人Actor/Actress/Model/MC平面设计//美术设计Graphic Artist/Designer纺织/服装设计Clothing / Apparel Designer工业/产品设计Industrial Designer工艺品/珠宝设计Artwork/Jewelry Designer科研人员Research Specialist Staff科研管理人员Research Management科研人员Research Specialist Staff律师/法务Legal律师Lawyer法务人员Legal Personnel律师助理Paralegal/Legal Assistant书记员Court Clerk教师Professor/Teacher教师ProfessorTeacher教学/教务管理人员Education/School Administrator助教Teaching Assistant讲师Lecturer家教Tutoramysangsang (本命年的困惑)中级会员状态离线#3使用道具发表于2007-8-4 09:06 资料个人空间个人短信加为好友只看该作者办公室英语:用品,部门,职务的英文表达,希望大家看到可备不时之需(3)生产/营运/工程Manufacturing/Operations/Engineering工厂经理/厂长Plant/Factory Manager总工程师/副总工程师Chief Engineer项目经理/主管Project Manager/Supervisor项目工程师Project Engineer营运经理Operations Manager营运主管Operations Supervisor生产经理/车间主任Production Manager/Workshop Supervisor生产计划协调员Production Planning Executive/Officer生产主管/督导/领班Production Supervisor/Team Leader技术/工艺设计经理/主管Technical/Industrial Design Mgr./Spvr.技术/工艺设计工程师Technical/Industrial Design Engineer实验室负责人/工程师Lab Manager/Engineer工程/设备经理Engineering/Facility Manager工程/设备主管Engineering/Facility Supervisor工程/设备工程师Engineering/Facility Engineer电气/电子工程师Electrical/Electronics Engineer机械工程师Mechanical Engineer机电工程师Electrical & Mechanical Engineer维修工程师Maintenance Engineer质量经理QA Manager质量主管QA Supervisor质量工程师QA Engineer质量检验员/测试员QA Inspector认证工程师Certification Engineer安全/健康/环境经理/主管Safety/Health/Environment Manager/Supervisor 安全/健康/环境工程师Safety/Health/Environment Engineer工程绘图员Project Drafting Specialist机械制图员Drafting Specialist化验员Laboratory Technician技工Technician / Engineer Trainee电工Electrician服装打样/制版Clothing/Apparel Sample Production行政/人事/后勤Admin./HR/Support Services行政/人事总监Admin/Human Resources Director人事经理Human Resources Manager人事主管Human Resources Supervisor人事专员Human Resources Specialist人事助理Human Resources Assistant招聘经理/主管Recruiting Manager/Supervisor薪资福利经理/主管Compensation & Benefits Mgr./Supervisor薪资福利专员/助理Compensation & Benefits Specialist/Assistant培训经理/主管Training Manager/Supervisor培训专员/助理Training Specialist/Assistant行政经理/主管/办公室主任Admin Manager/Supervisor/Office Manager 总裁办主任Director of President Office行政专员/助理Admin Staff/Assistant经理助理/秘书Executive Assistant/Secretary前台接待/总机Receptionist后勤Office Support资料管理员Information / Data Management Specialist电脑操作员/打字员Computer Operator/Typist市场/公关/广告Marketing/PR/Advertising市场/广告总监Marketing/Advertising Director/VP市场/营销经理Marketing Manager市场/营销主管Marketing Supervisor市场/营销专员Marketing Executive/Communication市场助理Marketing Assistant / Trainee产品/品牌经理Product/Brand Manager产品/品牌主管Product/Brand Supervisor市场通路经理Trade Marketing Manager市场通路主管Trade Marketing Supervisor促销经理Promotions Manager促销主管Promotions Supervisor促销员Promotions Specialist市场分析/调研人员Market Analyst/ Research Analyst公关/会务经理Public Relations Manager公关/会务主管Public Relations Supervisor公关/会务专员Public Relations Executive媒介经理Media Manager媒介人员Media Specialist企业/业务发展经理Business Development Manager企业策划人员Corporate Planning广告策划/设计/文案Advertising Creative/Design/Copy writer 财务/审计/统计/金融Finance/Accounting/Banking财务总监CFO/Finance Director/VP财务经理Finance Manager财务主管/总帐主管Finance Supervisor会计经理/会计主管Accounting Manager/Supervisor会计Accountant / Accounting Trainee出纳员Cashier财务/会计助理Finance/Accounting Assistant财务分析经理/主管Financial Analysis Manager/Supervisor 财务分析员Financial Analyst成本经理/成本主管Cost Accounting Manager/Supervisor成本管理员Cost Accounting Specialist审计经理/主管Audit Manager/Supervisor审计专员/助理Audit Executive/Assistant税务经理/税务主管Tax Manager/Supervisor税务专员Tax Executive证券经纪人Stock Broker投资顾问Investment Advisor注册分析师Certified Investment/Financial Analyst投资/基金项目经理Investment Manager融资经理/融资主管Treasury Manager/Supervisor融资专员Treasury Specialist行长/副行长President/Vice-President/Branch Manager风险控制Risk Management进出口/信用证结算Trading / LC Officer清算人员Settlement Officer外汇主管Foreign Exchange Supervisor高级客户经理/客户经理Senior Relationship Manager客户主管/专员Relationship Supervisor/Executive信贷/信用调查/分析人员Loan/Credit Officer银行柜台出纳Bank Teller统计员Statistician计算机/互联网/通讯Technology/Internet首席技术执行官CTO/VP Engineering技术总监/经理Technical Director/Manager信息技术经理IT Manager信息技术主管IT Supervisor信息技术专员IT Specialist项目经理/主管Project Manager/Supervisor项目执行/协调人员Project Specialist / Coordinator系统分析员System Analyst高级软件工程师Senior Software Engineer软件工程师Software Engineer系统工程师System Engineer高级硬件工程师Senior Hardware Engineer硬件工程师Hardware Engineer通信技术工程师Communications EngineerERP技术/应用顾问ERP Technical/Application Consultant 数据库工程师Database Engineer技术支持经理Technical Support Manager技术支持工程师Technical Support Engineer品质经理QA Manager信息安全工程师Information Security Engineer软件测试工程师Software QA Engineer硬件测试工程师Hardware QA Engineer测试员Test Engineer网站营运经理/主管Web Operations Manager/Supervisor 网络工程师Network Engineer系统管理员/网管System Manager/Webmaster网页设计/制作Web Designer/Production技术文员/助理Technical Clerk/Assistant销售Sales销售总监Sales Director销售经理Sales Manager区域销售经理Regional Sales Manager客户经理Sales Account Manager渠道/分销经理Channel/Distribution Manager渠道主管Channel Supervisor销售主管Sales Supervisor销售代表Sales Representative / Executive销售工程师Sales Engineer医药代表Pharmaceutical Sales Representative保险代理Insurance Agent销售助理Sales Assistant / Trainee商务经理Business Manager商务专员/助理Business Executive/Assistant销售行政经理Sales Admin. Manager销售行政主管Sales Admin. Supervisor售前/售后技术服务经理Technical Service Manager售前/售后技术服务主管Technical Service Supervisor售前/售后技术服务工程师Technical Service Engineer售后/客户服务(非技术)经理Customer Service Manager 售后/客户服务(非技术)主管Customer Service Supervisor 售后/客户服务(非技术)专员Customer Service Executive 经销商Distributor。
市场研究术语中英文对照
市场研究行业词汇英语翻译《财富》杂志Fortune案头调研Desk Research奥美公司Ogilvy & Mather白色商品White Goods百乐门Parliament百威啤酒Budweiser包裹销售法Banded Pack宝洁公司Procter & Gamble宝丽来Polaroid宝马BMW边际成本Marginal Cost边际收益Marginal Benefit标准差,均差Standard Deviation别克Buick波立兹调查公司"Alfred Politz Research,Inc”波旁王朝Ancient Age Bourbon波特福洛分析Portefolio Analysis产品差异Product Differentiation产品生命周期Product Life Cycle产品系列Product Line产品组合Product Mix阐述Presentation超级市场Supermarket成对比较法Paired Comparisons成功的理想主义者Successful Idealist承诺型消费者Committed Buyer程度测试Tachistoscope橙色商品Orange Goods冲动购买Impulse Buying重叠率Duplication抽样Sampling传销Pyramid Selling传阅发行量Pass—on Circulation词语联想法Word Associaton刺激营销Incentive Marketing促销Promotion达彼思广告公司Ted Bates & Copany大卫·奥格威David Ogilvy戴比尔斯De Beers丹尼尔·斯塔奇公司Danile Starch & Staff 弹性Elasticity到达率Reach道奇Dodge第三者法Third-Person Technique第一提及Top of Mind电话访问Telephone Interview电通广告公司Dentsu电子售点数据EPOS Data定量研究Quantitative Research定位Positioning定性研究Qualitative Research动机研究Motivation Research读者Readers读者人数Readership独特销售主张Unique Selling Proposition 杜邦公司Du Pont多方面衡量Multi-dimensional Scaling多品牌战略Multi—brand Strategy惰性销售Inertia Selling恩格尔曲线Engel Curves二手资料Secondary Data发行量Circulation发行量稽核组织ABC仿造Me Too访谈Interview访问员Interviewer非处方药OTC菲力普·莫里斯公司Philip Morris Company菲亚特FIAT肥皂剧Soap Opera分刊测试Split—run Test分销Distribution丰田TOYATA缝隙分析Gap Analysis浮动插播Floating Spot辅助回想Aided Recall付费发行量Paid Circulation复核Back Checking复核Validation富豪汽车VOLVO富可视Infocus富士胶卷FUJI FILM覆盖率Coverage盖凡尼克皮肤反应测试仪Galvanic Skin Response Meter 盖洛普暨罗宾逊调查公司"Gallup & Robinson,Inc"概念测试Concept Testing高度介入产品High Invovement Procuct革新消费者Innovators葛瑞广告Grey Advertising公众调查公司"Audience Research,Inc”贡献Contrubution购买周期Buying Cycle孤独守巢人Empty Nesers鼓动销售Hard Sell故事板/分镜头表Storyboard故事完成法Story Completion观察调研法Obseravtion Study广告Advertising广告/销售比率Advertising/Sales Ratio广告比重Advertising Weight广告标准Advertising Standard广告调查基金会(美国)Advertising Research Foundation广告概要Advertising Brief广告口号Slogan广告目标即广告效果评测Defining Advertising Goals for Measured Advertising Results国际商用机器公司IBM过度杀伤Overkill过滤审查Screening哈佛商学院Harvard Business School红色商品Red Goods互补品Complements花旗集团Citigroup华尔街Wall Street黄金时段Prime Time辉瑞Pfizer混合调查Omnibus Research混和调研Omnibus Research基本读者Primary Reader稽核Audit吉芬商品Giffen Goods吉列Gillette集团购买Organizational Buying集中度Affinity集中市场细分Concentrated Segmentation计算机辅助的电话采访Computer Assisted Telephone Interviewing 记忆测试Recall Test记忆性Memorability佳能Canan家乐福Carrefour家庭(户) House Hold家庭稽核Home Audit家庭生活周期Family Life Cycle甲壳虫Bettle价格分析Values Analysis价格敏感Price Sensitive价格歧视Price Discrimination价格战Price War间接调研Off—the-research建议价格Recommended Price箭牌口香糖Wrigley讲究派头的诉求Snob Appeal交叉销售Cross—selling交替需求Alternate Demand焦点小组(讨论)Focus group (Discussion)/Interview—FGD/FGI 角色扮演Role Playing阶式渗透Cascading结构化访问Structured Interview金佰利Kimberly-Clark浸透策略Penetration Strategy精工SEIKO句子完成法Sentence Completion决策群Decision Making Unit决定性调研Conclusive Research卡通测试Cartoon Tests开放题Open-ended Question开机率Homes Using TV柯达Kodak壳牌Shell可变价格Variable Pricing可口可乐Coca—Cola可丽舒Kleenex可信度Believability克莱斯勒Chrysler克劳德·霍普金斯Claude Hopkins客观看法Outside View肯德基炸鸡Kentucky Fried Chicken口碑广告Word-of—mouth Advertising快流量消费品Fast-moving Consumer Goods 拉力Pulling Power拦截访问Intercept Interview乐观奔命者Optimistic Striver离差Deviation李奥·贝纳Leo Burnett李佛兄弟公司Lever Brothers力士Lux连带外部效应Network Externality联合调研/辛迪加Syndicated Research 联合分析Conjoint Analysis联合利华公司Unilever联想Association Techniques练习性预演Dry Run两步收费Two-part Tariff量表Scale劣等商品Inferior Goods零售周期Wheel of Retailing零头定价法Odd—even Pricing漏斗深入法Funnel Approach露华浓Revlon乱数表Random-number Table罗塞·瑞夫斯Rosser Reevse罗夏测试Rorschach Test骆驼Camal马丁·迈耶Martin Mayer麦当劳McDonald’s麦肯爱里克森广告公司Mccann—Erickson 麦氏威尔咖啡Maxwell House Coffee卖方市场Seller’s Market满意购买者Satisfied Buyer盲测Blind Test毛评点Gross Ratting points媒体分析Media Analysis每千人(户)成本Cost Per Thousand Figure每千人成本Cost Per Mille美孚Mobil美国报纸发行人协会American Newspaper Publisher’s Association 美国电报电话公司AT&T美国广播公司ABC美国广告代理商协会4A’sThe American Association of Advertising Agencies美国民意研究中心American Institute of Public Opinion美国营销协会American Marketing Association美国运通American Express描述性调研Descriptive Research民意测验Opinion Poll明尼苏达矿务及制造业公司3M模似Simulation姆姆巧克力M&M耐克Nike尼尔逊公司 A. C. Nielsen尼尔逊全国电视指数Nielsen National Television Index 尼尔逊受众测定器Nielsen audiometer尼尔逊指数Nielsen Index欧宝OPEL欧洲民意测验和市场调研协会ESOMAR帕累托原理Pareto Principle派生需求Derived Demand攀比效应Bandwagon Effect判断性抽样Judgement Sampling旁氏Pond's陪伴购物Accompanied Shopping配额Quota配额抽样Quota Sampling频率分布Frequency Distribution品牌Brang品牌测试Brang Test品牌估价Brang Valuation品牌管理Brang Management品牌偏好Brang Preference品牌认知Brang Awareness品牌形象Brang Image品牌性格Brang Personalities品牌忠诚度Brang Loyalty品牌转换成本Switching Cost品质认知度Perceived Quality七喜7UP期望值Expectations期望值Expected Value其他指导人Other—directed Person 企业标志Corporate Logo企业识别Corporate Identity前导性研究Pilot Study潜意识广告Subliminal Advertising 强生公司Johnson & Johnson乔治·格里宾George Gribbin情感购买者Like Friend情感象征Emotional Symbol渠道冲突Channel Conflict全国性涵盖度Blanket人口统计学特征Demographics人员推销Personal Selling认识差距Cognitive Dissonance认知Awareness认知图表Perceptual Mapping日后记忆Day-after-recall入户访问Door—to-door Interview 软性促销Soft Sell萨奇公司Saatchi & Saatchi三维营销3-D商店稽核Store Audit社会等级Social Grading社会接受度Social Acceptability 社会营销Social Marketing深度访谈Depth Interview生存者Survivor生活方式Lifestyle声音比例SOV声音份额Share of Voice施乐Xerox时代华纳Time Warner时机感Sense of Timing时间档次Time Slot时序分析Time—Series analysis 识阈效应Threshold Effect使用与态度Usage and Attitude市场策略的利润效果Profit Impact of Market Strategy 市场调研Market Research市场调研/营销调研Marketing Research市场细分Market Segmentation市场占有率Market Share视听众暴露度Impession收获战略Harvesting Strategy收入效应Income Effect收视(听)率Ratings收视率Television Rating售点POP售点POS斯塔奇数字Starch Figure斯坦利·里索Stanley Resor斯沃琪Swatch四点分析SWOT Analysis随机抽样Random Sampling索尼SONY态度Attitude探索性调研Exploratory汤橱浓汤Campbell's Soup特许经营Franchise替代品Substitutes替代效应Substitution Effect天美时Timex听众调查Audience Research通用汽车General Motor同类相食Cannibalisation投射研究Projective Research图片响应法Picture Response Techniques推拉战略Push and Pull Strategies推力Push Power完成法Completion Techniques完全竞争市场Perfectly Competitive Market 万宝路Marlboro万事达卡Master Card威廉·伯恩巴克William Bernbach威士卡VISA维持者Sustainer伟哥Viagra胃溃疡峡谷Ulcer Gulch稳定插播Anchored Spot问卷Questionnaire沃尔玛Wal—Mart Stores无品牌忠诚度No Brand Loyalty无提示认知Unaided Awareness无准备调查访问Cold Calling西门子SIEMENS习惯购买者Habitual Buyer习惯性购买Habit Buying喜力Heineken系统销售System Selling细流战Drip Campaign显著特征Salient Attribute现场调研Field Research现场督导Conductor现场督导Field Supervisor现场工作Field Work现场人员Field Force线上活动Above—the—line线下活动Below-the—line相关群体Reference Group象牙牌香皂Ivory消费者购物固定样本Consumer Purchase Panel 消费者内在需求Consumer Insight消费者偏好Consumer Preferences消费者剩余Consumer Surplus消费者形象描述Consumer Profile销售定额Sales Quota销售反馈功能Sales Response Function 销售领域Sales Territory销售预测Sales Forecast销售专集Sales Literature销售组合Sales Mix小组讨论Group Discussion心理图案学Psychographics心理戏剧Motivational Theater心智索引Mindex心智占有率Share of Mind新奇士Sunkist新人训练Orientation Training形象Image虚荣效应Snob Effect选择性分销Selective Distribution雪佛兰Chevrolet雅皮YUPPY眼睛轨迹研究Eye Tracking Research 扬雅广告公司Young & Rubicam样品Sample一次性购物One—stop Shopping一手资料Primary Data伊莱克斯Electrolux宜家IKEA移情作用Empathy意见领导Opinion Leader因果性调研Causal Research营销会计稽核Marketing Audit营销近视Marketing Myopia营销组合10P’s营销组合4C's’营销组合4P's营销组合Marketing Mix营业额/到达率增长指数Turnover影响力等级Hierarchy of Effects佣金制Commission System由报纸决定(刊登位置) Run—of—paper 邮购Mail Order有提示认知Aided Awareness有效贮藏期限Shelf Life诱导转向法Bait and Switch语义差异法Semantic Differential预检验Pre-testing原创性Originality原子状测试Atomistic Test岳母研究Mother—in-law Research载波技术ZAP赞助Sponsorship詹姆士·韦伯扬James Webb Young展览会Exhibition争夺经营Scrambled Merchandising正常商品Normal Goods直递Direct Mail直销Direct Marketing智威汤逊J。
中英文对照版 营业执照经营范围
1、贸易(màoyì)类:무역류销售:五金交电,日用百货、针纺织品、洗涤用品、化妆品、食品、保健食品、营养补充食品、家居护理用品、包装材料、橡塑制品、缝纫机服装及辅料、纺织面料、纺织助剂、羽绒制品、工艺品、纸制品、床上用品、机械配件、建材、服装鞋帽、电脑软硬件、耗材、通讯器材、皮革制品、文化(wénhuà)办公用品、照明电器、不锈钢制品、铝合金制品、化工原料及产品(除危险品)、建筑防水材料、水泥制品、保温防腐氧涂料,保温隔热材料、防水防漏材料、管道、阀门、厨房用具、钟表、眼镜、玻璃制品、钢材、电子元件、电线电缆、酒店用品、酒店设备、音响设备、卫生洁具、消防设备、照相器材、机电产品、体育用品、冶金设备、环保设备、金属材料、水泵及配件、五金轴承、紧固件、标准件、摄影器材、电镀设备、汽摩配件、工程机械设备及配件,花卉、苗木、摩托车、电动车。
Sales: hardware and electrical equipment, general merchandise, washing product, cosmetics, food, health-care food, nutritional supplement food, home furnishing and nursing materials, packaging materials, rubber and plastic product, sewing machine clothing and accessories, textile fabric, down and feature products, artware, paper products, bedding, machine parts, construction materials, clothing and shoes and hats, software and hardware of computer, consumable items, communication equipment, leather products, cultural office articles, lighting electrical appliance, stainless steel products, aluminum-allow made projects, chemical materials and products (except hazardous articles), construction water-proof materials, cement product, heat and corrosion preservation painting, thermal isolation material, water and leakage proof materials, pipe, valve, kitchen articles, clock, glass, glass-made products, steels electronic components, electric wires, hotel supplies, hotel equipment, sound equipment, sanitary fittings, fire-proof equipment, illumination appliance, mechanical and electrical products, sports goods, metallurgical equipment, environmental protection equipment, metal materials, water pump and accessories, hardware bearing, fasteners, standard parts, photographic equipment, electroplating equipment, auto parts, engineering mechanical equipment and accessories, flowers and plants, nursery stocks, motors and electromobiles.2、服务(fúwù)类:복무류企业营销策划、企业形象策划、经济贸易信息咨询、企业管理咨询、人力资源信息咨询、人力资源管理服务、人才信息咨询服务、职业发展咨询、人才中介、市场调研、商务咨询、财务咨询、劳务服务、会务服务、文化教育信息咨询、健康保健咨询、展览展示服务、建筑装饰工程、环保工程、通讯工程、房地产开发、室内装潢设计、水电安装、电器的安装维修服务、货运代理(dàilǐ)、货运代理服务、物流仓储、鲜花礼仪服务、婚庆服务、美术设计、盲人按摩、资料翻译、工艺礼品设计、服装设计、快递服务、清洁服务、清洁干洗、摄影服务、彩扩、绿化养护、汽车装潢。
高盛英汉财经词典
高盛英汉财经词典1. A股市场(A Share Market)A股市场是指中华人民共和国内地上市公司的股票市场,也被称为“内地市场”或“内地股市”。
A 股市场是中国股票市场的核心和基础,由上交所和深交所两个主要交易所运营。
2. Bull Market(牛市)牛市是指股票市场价格持续上涨的行情。
投资者普遍对牛市感到乐观,因为他们可以赚到更多的利润。
3. Bear Market(熊市)熊市是指股票市场价格持续下跌的行情。
在熊市中,投资者普遍感到担忧,因为股票价值下跌的趋势可能导致损失。
4. Bullion(金条)金条是一种以实体黄金形式存在的贵金属产品。
它通常以统一的重量和纯度出售,可以作为投资商品或珠宝制作原料。
5. Call Option(认购期权)认购期权是一种金融合约,授予买方在未来某个时间以特定价格购买一定数量的标的资产的权利。
买方支付一笔权利金给期权的卖方。
6. Central Bank(中央银行)中央银行是一个国家的货币政策机构,负责制定和执行货币政策,监管金融机构,并维护金融稳定。
7. CPI(Consumer Price Index,消费者价格指数)CPI衡量了一篮子消费品和服务的价格变动。
它通常被用作衡量通货膨胀水平的指标,因为较高的CPI可能意味着通货膨胀。
8. Dividend(股息)股息是公司向股东分配利润的方式之一。
它通常以现金或额外股票的形式支付给持有公司股票的股东。
9. Exchange Rate(汇率)汇率是一种国家货币与另一种货币的兑换比率。
汇率的波动可以对国际贸易和投资产生重要影响。
10. Futures(期货)期货合约是一种标准化合约,其中卖方同意在未来某个时间交付一定数量的商品或金融资产,而买方同意以协商的价格购买这些资产。
11. GDP(Gross Domestic Product,国内生产总值)GDP是一个国家或地区在一定时间内生产的所有最终商品和服务的总值。
名片常用中英文对照
名片常用中英文对照商务中心business center保险理赔Insurance Claimer服务顾问Serves Consultant销售顾问Sales Consultant渠道服务经理Canal service manager贵宾厅function room实业industry or commerce中行bank of china开户行account bank帐号numbered account市场营销marketing策划总监author director general集团Group大厦Manse政工师Administration Engineer总经理工作部经理Manager of General manager working dept. 教授级高工professor Senior Engineer专工Specialist Engineer综合管理部Comprehensive Controller Dept.基地开发部. Base develop dept市场总监Marketplace Dept. Director General市场主任Marketplace Dept. Director餐饮部catering department预订电话Reserve tel行政处处长Director of administration Dept.销售代表Sales ambassador后勤部经理Logistics dept. manager财务finance品牌店长Brand Director国际International金融Finance常务董事managing director, standing directorbranch office分公司党委书记General Secretary音响师(音响工程师)Sound engineerIntegrated综合主办Direct采购Purchase部dept.财务主管bursar哈尔滨铁路分局HARBIN RAILWAY BRANCH BUREAU市场经理Marketplace Manager路road街street主管/所长Director部长助理Assistant Director应用工程师Applications Engineer 总监director general高级工程师Senior Engineer销售主任Sales Director销售专员Sales Commissioner销售经理Sales Manager项目经理Project Manager项目工程师Project Engineer业务经理Business manager主任Chief副主任Vice Chief副经理Vice Manager业务代表Business ambassador 董事长PresidentCompany director副董事长Vice company director 经理助理Assistant manager总经理General manager总裁Governor总裁助理Assistant Governor厂长Plant manager副厂长Vice plant manager处长Commissioner副处长Vice commissioner科长Vice section chief副科长Vice section chief销售部Sales department厅长Director局长Director副局长Deputy director市长Alcalde秘书Amanuensis总代理Exclusive distributor负责人Responsible组织部Department工程师Engineer会计/出纳Accountant局长Director general中医师Herbal doctor经济师Economic engineer供应部Furnish Dept.旅游部Bunbury Dept.药剂师Medicator信息员Communication调度Dispatch部门Department经营厂长Administrator manager博士Doctoral硕士Master广告部Advertise department执行副总裁Executive vice president供应处Accommo datecondemn采购员Buyer院长Dean技术员Echnician副教授Associate professor区域经理Area Manager执行董事Executive director教务处Dean's Office助理工程师Aide engineer地址Add电话Tel传呼Call手机Mobile技术工程师Knowhow engineer营销部Sales Department总师,总工程师Chief Engineer研究员级高工Professor Senior Engineer舞美策划Dance & Art pipelayer第一副总经理First Deputy General Manager董事curator, director, trustee副局长deputy director人事部经理personnel manager乡country综合经营部Integrated Administrator dept.迎宾领班greet guests captain点菜领班侍者领班bell captain有限公司Ltd., corporation, limited company责任有限公司company limited, company limited by guarantee 装饰adorn翻译Translator工程监理engineering supervision调研室主任Birddog room Chief票据Receipt主创设计师Chief Designer设计总监Design Director董事局主席President of The Board财务总监General Financial Div SupervisorGeneral Engineer Assistant总工助理Reference Office Chief资料室主任General Designer总设计师General Technologist总工艺师工程制造部部长Project Manufacture Div Director产品开发部副部长Product Exploration Div Deputy Director市场部部长Marketing Planning Div Director供应保障部副部长Supply Ensurance Div Deputy Director主管会计Leading Accountant市场企划部Marketing Planning Div综合部副部长Comprehensive Management Div Deputy Director 车队队长Vehicle Team Leader高级金融顾问Deluxe Financial Adviser执行懂事Executive Director董事长Board Chairman。
市场营销英语单词完整版
单元一1. marketing mix:营销组合2. market a brand:3. product:产品4. range:范围、幅度5. quality:质量6. branding:品牌化7. reputation:声誉、名望8. support:支持、支撑9. price:价格10. place:渠道11. location:位置,当地12. outlet:批发商店13. accessibility:可接近的,可得到的14. promotion:促销15. promotional mix:促销组合16. promotional tool:促销工具17. TV advertising:电视广告18. talk about:谈论19. people:人20. physical presence:实体存在21. process:处理、方法、步骤22. physical evidence:物证23. tangible:有形的24. launch:发表25. distribution:分布、分配26. delivery:交付(贸易)27. advertising:广告28. direct marketing:直接营销29. customer:顾客30. competitor:竞争者31. premium pricing:保险定价32. special deals:特殊交易单元二1. customer need:顾客需求2. solve a problem:解决问题3. meet these need:满足他们的需求4. cost to user:消费者5. perceive the cost:理解消费、认知消费6. convenience:便利7. convenient:方便的8. make an effort:作出努力9. communication:通讯10. communicate:通讯、传达11. acceptability:可接受性13.acceptable 可接受的14.socially acceptable 可被社会接受的15.fashionable 流行的16.attractive 引人瞩目的17.affordability 可购性18.legally acceptable 法律上可接受的19.accessibility 易接近,可达到20.easy to access 容易得到21.accessible 易接近的22.awareness 认识、意识、明白23.aware of:意识到,知道24.high 高度25.object 目标26.manufacturerd 制造27.high quality 高质量28.bottom end 低档的29.objective 客观的,目标的30.revenue objective 收益目标anizations 组织anize 组织33.distribution method 分配方式34.operations 操作35.promotional operation 促销办法36.attract 吸引37.attention to 对··的注意38.become aware of 使得关心39.create an interest in 创造一个兴趣点40.develop an interest 发展权益41.develop a desire 发展一个愿望42.actively want:积极想要43.prompt action:迅速采取行动44.take steps 步骤第三单元1. Carry out 实施2. SWOT analysis:SWOT分析3. Identifies:识别、确定4. Strength:优势5. Weakness:劣势6. Opportunity:机会7. Threat:威胁8. Internal factor:内部9. External factor:外部10. Exploit:开发11. Build on strength:建立优势12. Anticipate the threat:预料威胁13. Seize the new opportunity:抓住机会14. Address:处理15. Pose a serious threat:提出很大威胁16. Minimize the weaknesses: 最小化劣势17. Under threat from:来自于。
各部门中英文对照
各部门中英文对照1.MAKETING AND SALES(市场与销售部分)Vice-President of Sales 销售副总裁Senior Customer Manager 高级客户经理Sales Manager 销售经理Regional Sales Manager 地区销售经理Procurement Manager 采购经理 Procurement Agency 采购代办所Sales Assistant 销售助理Wholesale Buyer 批发采购员Tele-Interviewer 电话调查员Real Estate Appraiser 房地产评估师Marketing Consultant 市场顾问Marketing and Sales Director 市场与销售总监Market Research Analyst 市场调查分析员Manufacturer’s Representative 厂家代表Director of Subsidiary Rights 分公司权利总监Sales Representative 销售代表Assistant Customer Executive 客户管理助理Marketing Intern 市场实习Marketing Director 市场总监Insurance Agent 保险代理人Customer Manager 客户经理Vice-President of Marketing 市场副总裁Regional Customer Manager 地区客户经理Sales Administrator 销售主管Telemarketing Director 电话销售总监Telemarketer 电话销售员Sales Executive 销售执行者Marketing Assistant 市场助理Retail Buyer 零售采购员Real Estate Manager 房地产经理Real Estate Broker 房地理员Operations Analyst 操作分析Computer Operator 电脑操作员Product Support Manager 产品支持经理Computer Operations Supervisor 电脑操作主管Director of Information Services 信息服务主管Systems Engineer 系统工程师Hardware Engineer 硬件工程师Applications Programmer 应用软件程序员Information Analyst 信息分析LAN Systems Analyst 系统分析Statistician 统计员3.HUMAN RESOURCES(人力资源部分)Director of Human Resources 人力资源总监Assistant Personnel Officer 人事助理Compensation Manager 薪酬经理Employment Consultant 招募顾问Facility Manager 后勤经理Job Placement Officer 人员配置专员Labor Relations Specialist 劳动关系专员Recruiter 招聘人员Training Specialist 培训专员Vice-President of Human Resources 人力资源副总裁Assistant Vice-President of Human Resources 人力资源副总裁助理Personnel Manager 职员经理Benefits Coordinator 员工福利协调员Employer Relations Representative 员工关系代表Personnel Consultant 员工顾问Training Coordinator 培训协调员4 EXECUTIVE AND MANAGERIAL(管理部分)Chief ExecutiveOfficer(CEO) 首席执行官Director of Operations 运营总监Vice-President 副总裁Branch Manager 部门经理Retail Store Manager 零售店经理HMO Product Manager 产品经理Operations Manager 操作经理Assistant Vice-President 副总裁助理Field Assurance Coordinator 土地担保协调员Management Consultant 管理顾问District Manager 市区经理Hospital Administrator 医院管理Import/Export Manager 进出口经理Insurance Claims Controller 保险认领管理员Program Manager 程序管理经理Insurance Coordinator 保险协调员Project Manager 项目经理Inventory Control Manager 库存管理经理Regional Manager 区域经理Chief OperationsOfficer(COO) 首席运营官General Manager 总经理Executive Marketing Director 市场行政总监Controller(Internationa l) 国际监管Food Service Manager 食品服务经理Production Manager 生产经理Administrator 医疗保险管理Property Manager 房地产经理Claims Examiner 主考官Controller(General) 管理员Service Manager 服务经理Manufacturing Manager 制造业经理Vending Manager 售买经理Telecommunications Manager 电信业经理Transportation Manager 运输经理Warehouse Manager 仓库经理Assistant Store Manager 商店经理助理Advertising Manager 广告经理Travel Agent 旅行代办员Salesperson 销售员Accounting Assistant 会计助理Accounting Clerk 记帐员Accounting Manager 会计部经理Accounting Stall 会计部职员Accounting Supervisor 会计主管Administration Manager 行政经理Administration Staff 行政人员Administrative Assistant行政助理Administrative Clerk 行政办事员Advertising Staff 广告工作人员Airlines Sales Representative 航空公司定座员Airlines Staff 航空公司职员Application Engineer 应用工程师Assistant Manager 副经理Bond Analyst 证券分析员Bond Trader 证券交易员Business Controller 业务主任Business Manager 业务经理Buyer 采购员Cashier 出纳员Chemical Engineer 化学工程师Civil Engineer 土木工程师Clerk/Receptionist 职员/接待员Clerk Typist & Secretary文书打字兼秘书Computer Data Input Operator 计算机资料输入员Computer Engineer 计算机工程师Computer Processing Operator 计算机处理操作员Computer System Manager 计算机系统部经理Copywriter 广告文字撰稿人Deputy General Manager 副总经理Economic Research Assistant 经济研究助理Electrical Engineer 电气工程师Engineering Technician 工程技术员EnglishInstructor/Teacher 英语教师Export Sales Manager 外销部经理Export Sales Staff 外销部职员Financial Controller 财务主任Financial Reporter 财务报告人F.X. (Foreign Exchange) Clerk 外汇部职员F.X. Settlement Clerk 外汇部核算员Fund Manager 财务经理General Auditor 审计长GeneralManager/President 总经理General Manager Assistant 总经理助理General Manager‘s Secretary 总经理秘书Hardware Engineer (计算机)硬件工程师Import Liaison Staff 进口联络员Import Manager 进口部经理Insurance Actuary 保险公司理赔员International Sales Staff 国际销售员Interpreter 口语翻译Legal Adviser 法律顾问Line Supervisor 生产线主管Maintenance Engineer 维修工程师Management Consultant 管理顾问Manager 经理Manager for Public Relations 公关部经理Manufacturing Engineer 制造工程师Manufacturing Worker 生产员工Market Analyst 市场分析员Market Development Manager 市场开发部经理Marketing Manager 市场销售部经理Marketing Staff 市场销售员Marketing Assistant 销售助理Marketing Executive 销售主管Marketing Representative 销售代表Marketing Representative Manager 市场调研部经理Mechanical Engineer 机械工程师Mining Engineer 采矿工程师Music Teacher 音乐教师Naval Architect 造船工程师Office Assistant 办公室助理Office Clerk 职员Operational Manager 业务经理Package Designer 包装设计师Passenger Reservation Staff 乘客票位预订员Personnel Clerk 人事部职员Personnel Manager 人事部经理Plant/Factory Manager 厂长Postal Clerk 邮政人员Private Secretary 私人秘书Product Manager 生产部经理Production Engineer 产品工程师Professional Staff 专业人员Programmer 电脑程序设计师Project Staff (项目)策划人员Promotional Manager 推销部经理Proof-reader 校对员Purchasing Agent 采购(进货)员Quality Control Engineer 质量管理工程师Real Estate Staff 房地产职员Recruitment Coordinator 招聘协调人Regional Manger 地区经理Research & Development Engineer 研究开发工程师Restaurant Manager 饭店经理Sales and Planning Staff 销售计划员Sales Assistant 销售助理Sales Clerk 店员、售货员Sales Coordinator 销售协调人Sales Engineer 销售工程师Sales Executive 销售主管Sales Manager 销售部经理Salesperson 销售员Seller Representative 销售代表Sales Supervisor 销售监管School Registrar 学校注册主任Secretarial Assistant 秘书助理Secretary 秘书Securities Custody Clerk 保安人员Security Officer 安全人员Senior Accountant 高级会计SeniorConsultant/Adviser 高级顾问Senior Employee 高级雇员Senior Secretary 高级秘书Service Manager 服务部经理Simultaneous Interpreter 同声传译员Software Engineer (计算机)软件工程师Supervisor 监管员Systems Adviser 系统顾问Systems Engineer 系统工程师Systems Operator 系统操作员Technical Editor 技术编辑Technical Translator 技术翻译Technical Worker 技术工人Telecommunication Executive 电讯(电信)员Telephonist/Operator 电话接线员、话务员Tourist Guide 导游Trade Finance Executive 贸易财务主管Trainee Manager 培训部经理Translation Checker 翻译核对员Translator 翻译员Trust Banking Executive 银行高级职员Typist 打字员Word Processing Operator 文字处理操作员5.立法机关 LEGISLATURE中华人民共和国主席/副主席 President/Vice President, the People’s Republic of China全国人大委员长/副委员长Chairman/Vice Chairman, National People’s Congress秘书长Secretary-General主任委员 Chairman 委员 Member(地方人大)主任Chairman, Local People’s Congress人大代表 Deputy to the People’s Congress政府机构 GOVERNMENT ORGANIZATION国务院总理 Premier,State Council国务委员 State Councilor秘书长Secretary-General(国务院各委员会)主任Minister in Charge ofCommission for(国务院各部)部长Minister部长助理 Assistant Minister司长 Director局长 Director省长 Governor常务副省长 Executive Vice Governor自治区人民政府主席Chairman, Autonomous Regional People’s Government 地区专员 Commissioner, prefecture香港特别行政区行政长官Chief Executive, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region市长/副市长 Mayor/Vice Mayor区长 Chief Executive, District Government县长 Chief Executive, County Government乡镇长 Chief Executive, Township Government秘书长Secretary-General办公厅主任Director, General Office(部委办)主任Director处长/副处长 Division Chief/Deputy Division Chief科长/股长 Section Chief科员 Clerk/Officer发言人 Spokesman顾问 Adviser参事 Counselor巡视员Inspector/Monitor 特派员 Commissioner外交官衔 DIPLOMATIC RANK特命全权大使 Ambassador Extraordinary and plenipotentiary公使 Minister代办Charge d’Affaires临时代办 Charged’Affaires ad Interim参赞 Counselor政务参赞 Political Counselor商务参赞 CommercialCounselor经济参赞 Economic Counselor新闻文化参赞 Press and Cultural Counselor公使衔参赞Minister-Counselor商务专员 Commercial Attaché经济专员 Economic Attaché文化专员 Cultural Attaché商务代表 Trade Representative 一等秘书 First Secretary武官Military Attaché档案秘书Secretary-Archivist专员/随员Attaché总领事 Consul General领事 Consul司法、公证、公安JUDICIARY,NOTARY AND PUBLIC SECURITY人民法院院长 President, People’s Courts人民法庭庭长 Chief Judge,People’s Tribunals审判长 Chief Judge审判员 Judge书记 Clerk of the Court法医 Legal Medical Expert法警 Judicial Policeman人民检察院检察长Procurator-General, People’s procuratorates监狱长 Warden律师 Lawyer公证员 Notary Public 总警监 Commissioner General警监 Commissioner警督 Supervisor警司 Superintendent警员 Constable政党 POLITICAL PARTY中共中央总书记 General Secretary, the CPC Central Committee政治局常委 Member, Standing Committee of Political Bureau, the CPC Central Committee政治局委员 Member, Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee书记处书记 Member, secretariat of the CPC Central Committee中央委员 Member, Central Committee候补委员 Alternate Member省委/市委书记Secretary,…Provincial/ Municipal Committee of the CPC党组书记 secretary, Party Leadership Group 6.社会团体NONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATION会长 President主席 Chairman名誉顾问 Honorary Adviser理事长 President理事 Trustee/Council Member总干事 Director-General 总监 Director7.工商金融 INDUSTRIAL, COMMERCIAL AND BANKINGCOMMUNITIES名誉董事长 Honorary Chairman董事长 Chairman执行董事 Executive Director总裁 President总经理 General Manager;C.E.O(Chief Executive Officer)经理 Manager财务主管 Controller公关部经理 PR Manager 营业部经理 Business Manager销售部经理 Sales Manager推销员 Salesman采购员 Purchaser导演 Director演员 Actor画师 Painter指挥 Conductor编导 Scenarist录音师 Sound Engineer舞蹈编剧 Choreographer美术师 Artist制片人 Producer剪辑导演 Montage Director配音演员 Dubber摄影师 Cameraman化装师 Make-up Artist舞台监督 Stage Manager售货员 Sales Clerk领班 Captain经纪人 Broker 高级经济师 Senior Economist高级会计师 Senior Accountant注册会计师 Certified Public Accountant出纳员 Cashier审计署审计长Auditor-General,Auditing Administration审计师 Senior Auditor审计员 Auditing Clerk统计师 Statistician统计员 Statistical Clerk厂长 factory Managing Director车间主任Workshop Manager工段长 Section Chief作业班长 Foreman仓库管理员 Storekeeper教授级高级工程师Professor of Engineering高级工程师 Senior Engineer技师 Technician建筑师 Architect 设计师 Designer机械师 Mechanic化验员 Chemical Analyst 质检员 Quality Inspector高级农业师 Senior Agronomist农业师 Agronomist助理农业师 Assistant Agronomist农业技术员 Agricultural Technician中国科学院院长 President, Chinese Academy of Sciences主席团执行主席 Executive Chairman科学院院长President(Academies)学部主任Division Chairman院士 Academician大学校长 President, University中学校长 Principal, Secondary School小学校长 Headmaster, Primary School学院院长 Dean of College 校董事会董事 Trustee, Board of Trustees教务主任Dean of Studies总务长 Dean of General Affairs注册主管 Registrar系主任Director of Department/Dean of the Faculty客座教授 Visiting Professor交换教授 Exchange Professor名誉教授 HonoraryProfessor班主任Class Adviser特级教师 Teacher of Special Grade研究所所长 Director, Research Institute研究员 Professor副研究员 Associate Professor助理研究员 Research Associate研究实习员 Research Assistant高级实验师 Senior Experimentalist实验师 Experimentalist助理实验师 Assistant Experimentalist实验员 Laboratory Technician教授 Professor副教授 Associate Professor讲师Instructor/Lecturer助教 Assistant高级讲师 Senior Lecturer讲师 Lecturer助理讲师 Assistant Lecturer教员 Teacher指导教师 Instructor主任医师(讲课) Professor of Medicine主任医师(医疗) Professor of Treatment儿科主任医师 Professor of Paediatrics主治医师Doctor-in-charge外科主治医师Surgeon-in-charge内科主治医师Physician-in-charge眼科主治医师Oculist-in-charge妇科主治医师Gynaecologist-in-charge牙科主治医师Dentist-in-charge医师 Doctor医士 Assistant Doctor主任药师 Professor of Pharmacy主管药师Pharmacist-in-charge药师 Pharmacist药士 Assistant Pharmacist主任护师 Professor of Nursing主管护师Nurse-in-charge护师 Nurse Practitioner护士 Nurse主任技师 Senior Technologist主管技师Technologist-in-charge 技师 Technologist技士 Technician总编辑 Editor-in-chief高级编辑 Full Senior Editor主任编辑 Associate Senior Editor编辑 Editor助理编辑 Assistant Editor高级记者 Full Senior Reporter主任记者 AssociateSenior Reporter记者 Reporter助理记者 Assistant Reporter编审 Professor of Editorship编辑 Editor助理编辑 Assistant Editor技术编辑 Technical Editor技术设计员 Technical Designer校对 Proofreader 译审 Professor of Translation翻译Translator/Interpreter助理翻译 Assistant Translator/Interpreter广播电视 RADIO AND TELEVISION电台/电视台台长 Radio/TV Station Controller播音指导 Director of Announcing主任播音员 Chief Announcer播音员 Announcer电视主持人 TV Presenter 总公司 Head Office分公司 Branch Office营业部 Business Office人事部 Personnel Department(人力资源部)Human Resources Department总务部 General Affairs Department财务部 General Accounting Department 销售部 Sales Department促销部 Sales Promotion Department国际部 International Department出口部 Export Department 进口部 Import Department公共关系 PublicRelations Department广告部 Advertising Department企划部 Planning Department产品开发部 ProductDevelopment Department研发部 Research and DevelopmentDepartment(R&D)秘书室 Secretarial Pool一般来说,Director翻译成总监,属于大型企业某部门最高管理者,可以下属若干经理Manager,经理下面的主管人员,现在比较流行用Executive因此,业务经理可使用Sales Manager,业务主管Sales Executivesupervisor-一般是最低的主管.我建议你用业务经理-Account Manager, Business Manager, Sales Manager...业务主管-Account Supervisor, Business Supervisor, Sales SupervisorAccount-客户帐号Business-商业,商务Sales-销售主要还是需要你在工作名称后面的解释工作性质.工作的TITLE(名头)可以随便你怎么用,很多公司的名称都是自己内部的,外面的人看了也不一定知道究竟有多大. Director——指导。
market中文翻译
market中文翻译market的中文翻译是市场。
市场是指供求双方进行交换的场所或环境,也可以指某种商品或服务的销售情况。
以下是一些常见的市场用法和中英文对照例句:1. 市场调查 - market research- 我们需要进行市场调查来了解消费者的需求。
- We need to conduct market research to understand consumer needs.2. 市场份额 - market share- 这家公司在该行业的市场份额大幅增长。
- This company has experienced significant growth in market share in the industry.3. 市场营销 - marketing- 好的市场营销策略可以帮助企业吸引更多的潜在客户。
- Effective marketing strategies can help businesses attract more potential customers.4. 市场需求 - market demand- 我们需要根据市场需求来调整我们的产品定价。
- We need to adjust our product pricing based on market demand.5. 市场竞争 - market competition- 这个行业的市场竞争非常激烈。
- The market competition in this industry is intense.6. 市场定位 - market positioning- 我们需要确定我们产品的市场定位,以吸引特定的目标客户群体。
- We need to determine the market positioning of our product to attract a specific target customer group.7. 市场规模 - market size- 这个市场的规模非常庞大,有很大的发展潜力。
经济金融术语英汉对照
经济金融术语英汉对照经济金融领域常常涉及大量的专业术语,对于学习和理解这些术语,将英文与中文对照是非常重要的。
下面是一些经济金融术语的英汉对照列表,希望对您有所帮助。
1. Gross Domestic Product (GDP) 国内生产总值GDP是一个国家或地区在特定时间内所生产的所有最终商品和服务的市场价值的总和。
2. Inflation 通货膨胀通货膨胀是指货币供应量增加导致物价水平上升的现象。
3. Deflation 通货紧缩通货紧缩是指货币供应量减少导致物价水平下降的现象。
4. Interest Rate 利率利率是指借贷资金所产生的利息与本金之间的比率。
5. Exchange Rate 汇率汇率是指一种货币与另一种货币之间的兑换比率。
6. Stock Market 股票市场股票市场是指买卖股票的场所,也是企业融资的重要途径。
7. Bond 债券债券是一种证券,表示借款人向债权人承诺在一定期限内支付利息和本金。
8. Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) 外商直接投资外商直接投资是指一个国家的企业在另一个国家的企业中进行的长期投资。
9. Taxation 税收税收是政府从个人和企业获得财政收入的一种方式。
10. Budget Deficit 预算赤字预算赤字是指政府支出超过收入的情况,需要通过借贷或印钞等方式来弥补。
11. Trade Surplus/Trade Deficit 贸易顺差/贸易逆差贸易顺差指一个国家的出口额大于进口额,贸易逆差则相反。
12. Monetary Policy 货币政策货币政策是由中央银行制定和执行的调控货币供应量和利率水平的政策。
13. Fiscal Policy 财政政策财政政策是由政府制定和执行的调控财政支出和税收的政策。
14. Central Bank 央行央行是一个国家的货币发行和货币政策的实施机构。
15. Market Economy 市场经济市场经济是一种以市场配置资源和决定价格的经济体制。
职场岗位设置及名称中英文对照
1.MAKETING AND SALES(市场与销售部分) Vice-President of Sales 销售副总裁Senior Customer Manager 高级客户经理Sales Manager 销售经理Regional Sales Manager 地区销售经理Procurement Manager 采购经理Procurement Agency 采购代办所Sales Assistant 销售助理Wholesale Buyer 批发采购员Tele-Interviewer 电话调查员Real Estate Appraiser 房地产评估师Marketing Consultant 市场顾问Marketing and Sales Director 市场与销售总监Market Research Analyst 市场调查分析员Manufacturer’s Representative 厂家代表Director of Subsidiary Rights 分公司权利总监Sales Representative 销售代表Assistant Customer Executive 客户管理助理Marketing Intern 市场实习Marketing Director 市场总监Insurance Agent 保险代理人Customer Manager 客户经理Vice-President of Marketing 市场副总裁Regional Customer Manager 地区客户经理Sales Administrator 销售主管Telemarketing Director 电话销售总监Telemarketer 电话销售员Sales Executive 销售执行者Marketing Assistant 市场助理Retail Buyer 零售采购员Real Estate Manager 房地产经理Real Estate Broker 房地产经纪人Purchasing Agent 采购代理Product Developer 产品开发Marketing Manager 市场经理Advertising Coordinator 广告协调员Advertising Assistant 广告助理Ad Copywriter(Direct Mail) 广告文撰写人Customer Representative 客户代表PETER AND MATHEMATICS(计算机部分) Manager of Network Administration 网络管理经理MIS Manager 电脑部经理Project Manager 项目经理Technical Engineer 技术工程师Developmental Engineer 开发工程师Systems Programmer 系统程序员Administrator 局域网管理员Operations Analyst 操作分析Computer Operator 电脑操作员Product Support Manager 产品支持经理Computer Operations Supervisor 电脑操作主管Director of Information Services 信息服务主管Systems Engineer 系统工程师Hardware Engineer 硬件工程师Applications Programmer 应用软件程序员Information Analyst 信息分析LAN Systems Analyst 系统分析Statistician 统计员3.HUMAN RESOURCES(人力资源部分)Director of Human Resources 人力资源总监Assistant Personnel Officer 人事助理Compensation Manager 薪酬经理Employment Consultant 招募顾问Facility Manager 后勤经理Job Placement Officer 人员配置专员Labor Relations Specialist 劳动关系专员Recruiter 招聘人员Training Specialist 培训专员Vice-President of Human Resources 人力资源副总裁Assistant Vice-President of Human Resources 人力资源副总裁助理Personnel Manager 职员经理Benefits Coordinator 员工福利协调员Employer Relations Representative 员工关系代表Personnel Consultant 员工顾问Training Coordinator 培训协调员4 EXECUTIVE AND MANAGERIAL(管理部分)Chief Executive Officer(CEO) 首席执行官Director of Operations 运营总监Vice-President 副总裁Branch Manager 部门经理Retail Store Manager 零售店经理HMO Product Manager 产品经理Operations Manager 操作经理Assistant Vice-President 副总裁助理Field Assurance Coordinator 土地担保协调员Management Consultant 管理顾问District Manager 市区经理Hospital Administrator 医院管理Import/Export Manager 进出口经理Insurance Claims Controller 保险认领管理员Program Manager 程序管理经理Insurance Coordinator 保险协调员Project Manager 项目经理Inventory Control Manager 库存管理经理Regional Manager 区域经理Chief Operations Officer(COO) 首席运营官General Manager 总经理Executive Marketing Director 市场行政总监Controller(International) 国际监管Food Service Manager 食品服务经理Production Manager 生产经理Administrator 医疗保险管理Property Manager 房地产经理Claims Examiner 主考官Controller(General) 管理员Service Manager 服务经理Manufacturing Manager 制造业经理Vending Manager 售买经理Telecommunications Manager 电信业经理Transportation Manager 运输经理Warehouse Manager 仓库经理Assistant Store Manager 商店经理助理Advertising Manager 广告经理Travel Agent 旅行代办员Salesperson 销售员Accounting Assistant 会计助理Accounting Clerk 记帐员Accounting Manager 会计部经理Accounting Stall 会计部职员Accounting Supervisor 会计主管Administration Manager 行政经理Administration Staff 行政人员Administrative Assistant 行政助理Administrative Clerk 行政办事员Advertising Staff 广告工作人员Airlines Sales Representative 航空公司定座员Airlines Staff 航空公司职员Application Engineer 应用工程师Assistant Manager 副经理Bond Analyst 证券分析员Bond Trader 证券交易员Business Controller 业务主任Business Manager 业务经理Buyer 采购员Cashier 出纳员Chemical Engineer 化学工程师Civil Engineer 土木工程师Clerk/Receptionist 职员/接待员Clerk Typist & Secretary 文书打字兼秘书Computer Data Input Operator 计算机资料输入员Computer Engineer 计算机工程师Computer Processing Operator 计算机处理操作员Computer System Manager 计算机系统部经理Copywriter 广告文字撰稿人Deputy General Manager 副总经理Economic Research Assistant 经济研究助理Electrical Engineer 电气工程师Engineering Technician 工程技术员English Instructor/Teacher 英语教师Export Sales Manager 外销部经理Export Sales Staff 外销部职员Financial Controller 财务主任Financial Reporter 财务报告人F.X. (Foreign Exchange) Clerk 外汇部职员F.X. Settlement Clerk 外汇部核算员Fund Manager 财务经理General Auditor 审计长General Manager/President 总经理General Manager Assistant 总经理助理General Manager‘s Secretary 总经理秘书Hardware Engineer (计算机)硬件工程师Import Liaison Staff 进口联络员Import Manager 进口部经理Insurance Actuary 保险公司理赔员International Sales Staff 国际销售员Interpreter 口语翻译Legal Adviser 法律顾问Line Supervisor 生产线主管Maintenance Engineer 维修工程师Management Consultant 管理顾问Manager 经理Manager for Public Relations 公关部经理Manufacturing Engineer 制造工程师Manufacturing Worker 生产员工Market Analyst 市场分析员Market Development Manager 市场开发部经理Marketing Manager 市场销售部经理Marketing Staff 市场销售员Marketing Assistant 销售助理Marketing Executive 销售主管Marketing Representative 销售代表Marketing Representative Manager 市场调研部经理Mechanical Engineer 机械工程师Mining Engineer 采矿工程师Music Teacher 音乐教师Naval Architect 造船工程师Office Assistant 办公室助理Office Clerk 职员Operational Manager 业务经理Package Designer 包装设计师Passenger Reservation Staff 乘客票位预订员Personnel Clerk 人事部职员Personnel Manager 人事部经理Plant/Factory Manager 厂长Postal Clerk 邮政人员Private Secretary 私人秘书Production Engineer 产品工程师Professional Staff 专业人员Programmer 电脑程序设计师Project Staff (项目)策划人员Promotional Manager 推销部经理Proof-reader 校对员Purchasing Agent 采购(进货)员Quality Control Engineer 质量管理工程师Real Estate Staff 房地产职员Recruitment Coordinator 招聘协调人Regional Manger 地区经理Research & Development Engineer 研究开发工程师Restaurant Manager 饭店经理Sales and Planning Staff 销售计划员Sales Assistant 销售助理Sales Clerk 店员、售货员Sales Coordinator 销售协调人Sales Engineer 销售工程师Sales Executive 销售主管Salesperson 销售员Seller Representative 销售代表Sales Supervisor 销售监管School Registrar 学校注册主任Secretarial Assistant 秘书助理Secretary 秘书Securities Custody Clerk 保安人员Security Officer 安全人员Senior Accountant 高级会计Senior Consultant/Adviser 高级顾问Senior Employee 高级雇员Senior Secretary 高级秘书Service Manager 服务部经理Simultaneous Interpreter 同声传译员Software Engineer (计算机)软件工程师Supervisor 监管员Systems Adviser 系统顾问Systems Engineer 系统工程师Systems Operator 系统操作员Technical Editor 技术编辑Technical Translator 技术翻译Technical Worker 技术工人Telecommunication Executive 电讯(电信)员Telephonist/Operator 电话接线员、话务员Tourist Guide 导游Trade Finance Executive 贸易财务主管Trainee Manager 培训部经理Translation Checker 翻译核对员Translator 翻译员Trust Banking Executive 银行高级职员Typist 打字员Word Processing Operator 文字处理操作员5.立法机关LEGISLATURE中华人民共和国主席/副主席President/Vice President, the People’s Republic of China全国人大委员长/副委员长Chairman/Vice Chairman, National People’s Congress秘书长Secretary-General主任委员Chairman委员Member(地方人大)主任Chairman, Local People’s Congress人大代表Deputy to the People’s Congress政府机构GOVERNMENT ORGANIZATION国务院总理Premier, State Council国务委员State Councilor秘书长Secretary-General(国务院各委员会)主任Minister in Charge of Commission for(国务院各部)部长Minister部长助理Assistant Minister司长Director局长Director省长Governor常务副省长Executive Vice Governor自治区人民政府主席Chairman, Autonomous Regional People’s Government 地区专员Commissioner, prefecture香港特别行政区行政长官Chief Executive, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region市长/副市长Mayor/Vice Mayor区长Chief Executive, District Government县长Chief Executive, County Government乡镇长Chief Executive, Township Government秘书长Secretary-General办公厅主任Director, General Office(部委办)主任Director处长/副处长Division Chief/Deputy Division Chief科长/股长Section Chief科员Clerk/Officer发言人Spokesman顾问Adviser参事Counselor巡视员Inspector/Monitor特派员Commissioner外交官衔DIPLOMATIC RANK特命全权大使Ambassador Extraordinary and plenipotentiary 公使Minister代办Charge d’Affaires临时代办Charge d’Affaires ad Interim参赞Counselor政务参赞Political Counselor商务参赞Commercial Counselor经济参赞Economic Counselor新闻文化参赞Press and Cultural Counselor公使衔参赞Minister-Counselor商务专员Commercial Attaché经济专员Economic Attaché文化专员Cultural Attaché商务代表Trade Representative一等秘书First Secretary武官Military Attaché档案秘书Secretary-Archivist专员/随员Attaché总领事Consul General领事Consul司法、公证、公安JUDICIARY,NOTARY AND PUBLIC SECURITY 人民法院院长President, People’s Court s人民法庭庭长Chief Judge, People’s Tribunals审判长Chief Judge审判员Judge书记Clerk of the Court法医Legal Medical Expert法警Judicial Policeman人民检察院检察长Procurator-General, People’s procuratorates监狱长Warden律师Lawyer公证员Notary Public总警监Commissioner General警监Commissioner警督Supervisor警司Superintendent警员Constable政党POLITICAL PARTY中共中央总书记General Secretary, the CPC Central Committee政治局常委Member, Standing Committee of Political Bureau, the CPC Central Committee政治局委员Member, Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee书记处书记Member, secretariat of the CPC Central Committee中央委员Member, Central Committee候补委员Alternate Member省委/市委书记Secretary,…Provincial/Municipal Committee of the CPC党组书记secretary, Party Leadership Group6.社会团体NONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATION会长President主席Chairman名誉顾问Honorary Adviser理事长President理事Trustee/Council Member总干事Director-General总监Director7.工商金融INDUSTRIAL, COMMERCIAL AND BANKING COMMUNITIES 名誉董事长Honorary Chairman董事长Chairman执行董事Executive Director总裁President总经理General Manager; C.E.O(Chief Executive Officer) 经理Manager财务主管Controller公关部经理PR Manager营业部经理Business Manager销售部经理Sales Manager推销员Salesman采购员Purchaser导演Director演员Actor画师Painter指挥Conductor编导Scenarist录音师Sound Engineer舞蹈编剧Choreographer美术师Artist制片人Producer剪辑导演Montage Director配音演员Dubber摄影师Cameraman化装师Make-up Artist舞台监督Stage Manager售货员Sales Clerk领班Captain经纪人Broker高级经济师Senior Economist高级会计师Senior Accountant注册会计师Certified Public Accountant出纳员Cashier审计署审计长Auditor-General, Auditing Administration 审计师Senior Auditor审计员Auditing Clerk统计师Statistician统计员Statistical Clerk厂长factory Managing Director车间主任Workshop Manager工段长Section Chief作业班长Foreman仓库管理员Storekeeper教授级高级工程师Professor of Engineering高级工程师Senior Engineer技师Technician建筑师Architect设计师Designer机械师Mechanic化验员Chemical Analyst质检员Quality Inspector高级农业师Senior Agronomist农业师Agronomist助理农业师Assistant Agronomist农业技术员Agricultural Technician中国科学院院长President, Chinese Academy of Sciences 主席团执行主席Executive Chairman科学院院长President(Academies)学部主任Division Chairman院士Academician大学校长President, University中学校长Principal, Secondary School小学校长Headmaster, Primary School学院院长Dean of College校董事会董事Trustee, Board of Trustees教务主任Dean of Studies总务长Dean of General Affairs注册主管Registrar系主任Director of Department/Dean of the Faculty 客座教授Visiting Professor交换教授Exchange Professor名誉教授Honorary Professor班主任Class Adviser特级教师Teacher of Special Grade研究所所长Director, Research Institute研究员Professor副研究员Associate Professor助理研究员Research Associate研究实习员Research Assistant高级实验师Senior Experimentalist实验师Experimentalist助理实验师Assistant Experimentalist实验员Laboratory Technician教授Professor副教授Associate Professor讲师Instructor/Lecturer助教Assistant高级讲师Senior Lecturer讲师Lecturer助理讲师Assistant Lecturer教员Teacher指导教师Instructor主任医师(讲课)Professor of Medicine 主任医师(医疗)Professor of Treatment 儿科主任医师Professor of Paediatrics主治医师Doctor-in-charge外科主治医师Surgeon-in-charge内科主治医师Physician-in-charge眼科主治医师Oculist-in-charge妇科主治医师Gynaecologist-in-charge牙科主治医师Dentist-in-charge医师Doctor医士Assistant Doctor主任药师Professor of Pharmacy 主管药师Pharmacist-in-charge 药师Pharmacist药士Assistant Pharmacist主任护师Professor of Nursing主管护师Nurse-in-charge护师Nurse Practitioner护士Nurse主任技师Senior Technologist主管技师Technologist-in-charge 技师Technologist技士Technician总编辑Editor-in-chief高级编辑Full Senior Editor主任编辑Associate Senior Editor 编辑Editor助理编辑Assistant Editor高级记者Full Senior Reporter主任记者Associate Senior Reporter记者Reporter助理记者Assistant Reporter编审Professor of Editorship编辑Editor助理编辑Assistant Editor技术编辑Technical Editor技术设计员Technical Designer校对Proofreader译审Professor of Translation翻译Translator/Interpreter助理翻译Assistant Translator/Interpreter广播电视RADIO AND TELEVISION电台/电视台台长Radio/TV Station Controller 播音指导Director of Announcing主任播音员Chief Announcer播音员Announcer电视主持人TV Presenter总公司Head Office分公司Branch Office营业部Business Office人事部Personnel Department(人力资源部)Human Resources Department总务部General Affairs Department财务部General Accounting Department销售部Sales Department促销部Sales Promotion Department国际部International Department出口部Export Department物流部Logistics Department进口部Import Department公共关系Public Relations Department广告部Advertising Department企划部Planning Department产品开发部Product Development Department研发部Research and Development Department(R&D) 秘书室Secretarial Pool。
市场英文翻译
市场英文翻译Market English Translation (700 words):The global market is becoming increasingly competitive. In order to stay ahead of the competition, businesses must continuously innovate and adapt to changing customer needs. This is especially true in the technology sector, where new products and services are constantly being released.In recent years, there has been a surge in demand for artificial intelligence (AI) products in the market. AI has the potential to revolutionize various industries, from healthcare to finance. Companies that are able to develop and market AI solutions have a significant advantage over their competitors.Another emerging trend in the market is the rise of e-commerce. With the advent of the internet, buying and selling products and services online has become more popular than ever. Companies that have a strong online presence and are able to provide a seamless shopping experience for their customers are seeing significant growth.In addition to AI and e-commerce, sustainability is also a key factor in the modern market. Consumers are becoming more conscious of the environmental impact of their purchasing decisions and are demanding products that are eco-friendly. Companies that are able to incorporate sustainable practices into their operations are likely to attract a larger customer base.In order to succeed in the market, businesses must also focus oneffective marketing strategies. Traditional advertising methods are no longer as effective as they once were. Companies must now embrace digital marketing techniques, such as search engine optimization (SEO) and social media marketing, in order to reach their target audience.Furthermore, data analysis is becoming increasingly important in the market. With the vast amount of data available, companies can gain valuable insights into customer behavior and preferences. By analyzing this data, businesses can tailor their products and services to better meet customer needs.However, the market is not without its challenges. Fluctuating exchange rates, trade disputes, and political instability can all have a significant impact on businesses operating in the global market. It is important for companies to closely monitor these factors and develop contingency plans to mitigate any potential risks.In conclusion, the global market is highly competitive and constantly evolving. Businesses must stay up to date with the latest trends and technologies in order to stay ahead of the competition. By focusing on innovation, sustainability, effective marketing strategies, and data analysis, companies can position themselves for success in the market. However, it is important to be aware of the challenges and risks that come with operating in the global market and to develop strategies to overcome them.。
市场类中英文对照翻译
原文来源:李海宏《Marketing Customer Satisfaction》[A].2012中国旅游分销高峰论坛.[C].上海Marketing Customer Satisfaction顾客满意策略与顾客满意营销Since the 20th century, since the late eighties, the customer satisfaction strategy is increasingly becoming business has more customers share the overall business competitive advantage means.自20世纪八十年代末以来,顾客满意战略已日益成为各国企业占有更多的顾客份额,获得竞争优势的整体经营手段。
First, customer satisfaction strategy is to get a modern enterprise customers, "money votes" magic weapon一、顾客满意策略是现代企业获得顾客“货币选票”的法宝With the changing times, the great abundance of material wealth of society, customers in the main --- consumer demand across the material has a lack of time, the number of times the pursuit, the pursuit of quality time to the eighties of the 20th century entered the era of the end consumer sentiment. In China, with rapid economic development, we have rapidly beyond the physical absence of the times, the pursuit of the number of times and even the pursuit of quality and age of emotions today gradually into the consumer era. Spending time in the emotion, the company's similar products have already reached the same time, homogeneous, with the energy, the same price, consumers are no longer pursue the quality, functionality and price, but the comfort, convenience, safety, comfort, speed, jump action, environmental protection, clean, happy, fun, etc., consumers are increasingly concerned about the product whether for their own life energy, enrich, comfort, beauty and spiritual quality, and exceed consumer expectations in the pre-sale, sale, after-sales service and advice. In other words, people today are looking for is a "psychological satisfaction and a sense of fulfillment," the commodity, high value added goods and services, the pursuit of values and sense of diversity, individuality, and the intangible satisfaction of the time has come .随着时代的变迁,社会物质财富的极大充裕,顾客中的主体———消费者的需求也先后跨越了物质缺乏的时代、追求数量的时代、追求品质的时代,到了20世纪八十年代末进入了情感消费时代。
常见的金融词汇中英对照
常见的金融词汇中英对照1. 金融市场 (Financial Markets)金融市场是指用于实现资金交易和资金融通的场所,包括股票市场、债券市场、外汇市场和商品市场等。
•股票市场 (Stock Market): the market for buying and selling shares of publicly traded companies.•债券市场 (Bond Market): the market for buying and selling bonds.•外汇市场 (Foreign Exchange Market): the market for trading foreign currencies.•商品市场 (Commodity Market): the market for trading commodities such as oil, gold, and agricultural products.2. 资本市场 (Capital Market)资本市场是指长期融资和投资的市场,包括股票市场和债券市场等。
•股票市场 (Stock Market): the market for buying and selling shares of publicly traded companies.•债券市场 (Bond Market): the market for buying and selling bonds.3. 证券 (Securities)证券是指可以转让和交易的金融工具,包括股票、债券、证券投资基金等。
•股票 (Stocks): shares of ownership in a company that can be bought and sold on a stock market.•债券 (Bonds): debt securities issued by governments, corporations, or other organizations to raise capital.•证券投资基金 (Mutual Funds): investment funds that pool money from multiple investors to invest in a diversified portfolio of stocks, bonds, orother securities.4. 风险管理 (Risk Management)风险管理是指识别、评估和处理金融交易和投资中的各种风险,以减少损失和提高效益。
常用职业类别名称中英文对照
计算机/互联网/通讯Technology/Internet首席技术执行官CTO/VP Engineering技术总监/经理Technical Director/Manager信息技术经理IT Manager信息技术主管IT Supervisor信息技术专员IT Specialist项目经理/主管Project Manager/Supervisor项目执行/协调人员Project Specialist / Coordinator系统分析员System Analyst高级软件工程师Senior Software Engineer软件工程师Software Engineer系统工程师System Engineer高级硬件工程师Senior Hardware Engineer硬件工程师Hardware Engineer通信技术工程师Communications EngineerERP技术/应用顾问ERP Technical/Application Consultant 数据库工程师Database Engineer技术支持经理Technical Support Manager技术支持工程师Technical Support Engineer品质经理QA Manager信息安全工程师Information Security Engineer软件测试工程师Software QA Engineer硬件测试工程师Hardware QA Engineer测试员Test Engineer网站营运经理/主管Web Operations Manager/Supervisor 网络工程师Network Engineer系统管理员/网管System Manager/Webmaster网页设计/制作Web Designer/Production技术文员/助理Technical Clerk/Assistant其他Other销售Sales销售总监Sales Director销售经理Sales Manager区域销售经理Regional Sales Manager客户经理Sales Account Manager渠道/分销经理Channel/Distribution Manager渠道主管Channel Supervisor销售主管Sales Supervisor销售代表Sales Representative / Executive销售工程师Sales Engineer医药代表Pharmaceutical Sales Representative 保险代理Insurance Agent销售助理Sales Assistant / Trainee商务经理Business Manager商务专员/助理Business Executive/Assistant销售行政经理Sales Admin. Manager销售行政主管Sales Admin. Supervisor售前/售后技术服务经理Technical Service Manager售前/售后技术服务主管Technical Service Supervisor售前/售后技术服务工程师Technical Service Engineer售后/客户服务(非技术)经理Customer Service Manager售后/客户服务(非技术)主管C ustomer Service Supervisor售后/客户服务(非技术)专员C ustomer Service Executive经销商Distributor其他Others市场/公关/广告Marketing/PR/Advertising市场/广告总监Marketing/Advertising Director/VP 市场/营销经理Marketing Manager市场/营销主管Marketing Supervisor市场/营销专员Marketing Executive/Communication 市场助理Marketing Assistant / Trainee产品/品牌经理Product/Brand Manager产品/品牌主管Product/Brand Supervisor市场通路经理Trade Marketing Manager市场通路主管Trade Marketing Supervisor促销经理Promotions Manager促销主管Promotions Supervisor促销员Promotions Specialist市场分析/调研人员Market Analyst/ Research Analyst公关/会务经理Public Relations Manager公关/会务主管Public Relations Supervisor公关/会务专员Public Relations Executive媒介经理Media Manager媒介人员Media Specialist企业/业务发展经理Business Development Manager企业策划人员Corporate Planning广告策划/设计/文案Advertising Creative/Design/Copy writer其他Others财务/审计/统计/金融Finance/Accounting/Banking财务总监CFO/Finance Director/VP财务经理Finance Manager财务主管/总帐主管Finance Supervisor会计经理/会计主管Accounting Manager/Supervisor会计Accountant / Accounting Trainee出纳员Cashier财务/会计助理Finance/Accounting Assistant财务分析经理/主管Financial Analysis Manager/Supervisor财务分析员Financial Analyst成本经理/成本主管Cost Accounting Manager/Supervisor成本管理员Cost Accounting Specialist审计经理/主管Audit Manager/Supervisor审计专员/助理Audit Executive/Assistant税务经理/税务主管Tax Manager/Supervisor税务专员Tax Executive证券经纪人Stock Broker投资顾问Investment Advisor注册分析师Certified Investment/Financial Analyst投资/基金项目经理Investment Manager融资经理/融资主管Treasury Manager/Supervisor融资专员Treasury Specialist行长/副行长President/Vice—President/Branch Manager 风险控制Risk Management进出口/信用证结算Trading / LC Officer清算人员Settlement Officer外汇主管Foreign Exchange Supervisor高级客户经理/客户经理Senior Relationship Manager客户主管/专员Relationship?Supervisor/Executive信贷/信用调查/分析人员Loan/Credit Officer银行柜台出纳Bank Teller统计员Statistician其他Others生产/营运/工程Manufacturing/Operations/Engineering工厂经理/厂长Plant/Factory Manager总工程师/副总工程师Chief Engineer项目经理/主管Project Manager/Supervisor项目工程师Project Engineer营运经理Operations Manager营运主管Operations Supervisor生产经理/车间主任Production Manager/Workshop Supervisor生产计划协调员Production Planning Executive/Officer生产主管/督导/领班Production Supervisor/Team Leader技术/工艺设计经理/主管Technical/Industrial Design Mgr。
市场营销专业术语中英文对照标准翻译
市场营销专业术语中英文对照标准翻译
在市场营销专业中,有许多术语需要进行中英文对照翻译。
以下是一些常见的术语及其对照翻译:
1. 市场营销 - Marketing
2. 市场细分 - Market segmentation
3. 目标市场 - Target market
4. 市场调研 - Market research
5. 品牌定位 - Brand positioning
6. 市场营销策略 - Marketing strategy
7. 市场份额 - Market share
8. 市场渗透 - Market penetration
9. 市场营销组合 - Marketing mix
10. 产品生命周期 - Product life cycle
11. 市场定位 - Market positioning
12. 目标市场调研 - Target market research
13. 产品定价 - Product pricing
14. 市场推广 - Market promotion
15. 产品包装 - Product packaging
16. 市场营销计划 - Marketing plan
17. 市场趋势 - Market trend
18. 市场营销传播 - Marketing communication
19. 渠道管理 - Channel management
20. 市场份额占有率 - Market share percentage
这只是一小部分常见的市场营销术语,如果您需要翻译其他术语或有其他疑问,请告诉我。
市场营销专业词汇中英文对照表
市场营销专业词汇中英文对照表Marketing Management营销管理New Products Development新产品开发Service Industry Marketing服务业营销Advertising广告Business Negotiation商业谈判International Marketing国际市场营销Sales Channels销售渠道Public Relationship公共关系Consumer Behavior消费者行为Systems of Management Information管理信息系统Marketing Research营销调研accesibility可进入性accessory equipment markets附属设备市场account management policies客户管理策略positioning定位additions to existing product lines 现有产品线的增加administered vertical marketing systems管理式垂直营销系统market segmentation市场细分sales promotion销售促进advertising feedback广告反馈advertising frequency广告频率advertising media广告媒体advertising reach广告接受人数advertising message广告信息advertising source广告信息来源agent middleman代理商allowance折让alteration退换American Marketing Association美国营销协会annual marketing plan年度营销计划assurance保证attitudes of consumers消费者态度availability可获得性/供货能力awareness(产品)知晓度/知名度baby boomers婴儿潮出生的一代人backward channels for recycling回收的后向渠道backward integration后向垂直一体化banner advertisements横幅标语广告bar codes条形码barter实物交易basic physical needs基本生理需要BCG Grow-Share Matrix波士顿增长-份额矩阵before tests事前测试Behavior Scan Information Resources Inc.行为扫描信息源公司behavioural analysis行为分析behavioural hierarchies行为层级benchmarking基准benefit clusters利益群体benefits利益Benz奔驰billing帐单birth rate出生率blanket purchase order一揽子采购合同blind-paired comparison testing双盲比较测试blue collars蓝领bottom line底线/盈亏一览结算线brand awareness品牌意识/认知brand extensions品牌扩展brand loyalty品牌忠诚度brand mark品牌标志brand name品牌名称brand positioning品牌定位brand recognition品牌识别brand strategies品牌战略brand品牌branding strategy品牌化战略branding品牌化brand's equity品牌的价值break-even analysis盈亏平衡分析break-even volume盈亏平衡产量breath of product assortment产品线的宽度breath or diversity of product lines 产品线的宽度或多样性bribery贿赂British Airways英国航空公司brokers经纪人budgeting预算bundle捆绑Bureau of Census人口统计局busines strength rating商业能力评分business plan商业计划business position经营地位business sector商业部门business services markets商业服务市场business strategies经营战略business unit strategy经营单位战略buyback allowances回购折让buyback arrangements产品返销buyers'bargaining power买方的讨价还价能力buyers采购者buying behavior购买行为buying center采购中心buying inertia购买惯性buying intention购买意图buying offices连锁商店的进货中心buying power indes(BPI)购买力指数buying situation采购情况/类型buying task采购任务capital gains资本收益capital invested in product产品投入资本Carnival嘉年华cash cows现金牛类cash discounts现金折扣catalogue sales目录销售categorization of perception感知分类categorization分门别类centralization集中化chameleons/followers变色龙/跟随者channel alternatives可选择的营销渠道channel conflicts渠道冲突channel decisions渠道决策channel functions渠道功能channel institutions渠道组织结构channel management渠道管理channel objectives渠道目标channel of distribution分销渠道channel power渠道权力channel-control strategies渠道控制战略channel-design decisions渠道设计决策channel-management decisions渠道管理决策channels of communication传播渠道choice criteria选择标准closing a sale结束销售clothing retailers服装零售商co-branding联合品牌code of ethics(职业)道德标准coercive power强制权cognitive dissonance认识的不协调collection of data数据收集collection收款co-marketing alliances联合营销联盟combination compensation plan结合式薪酬方案commitment承诺communication channels传播渠道communication process传播过程communication信息交流/沟通communications media传播媒体company personnel公司员工comparative advertisements比较广告comparison of brands品牌比较compensation deals补偿处理compensation plan酬金方案compensation/rewards酬金/奖励compensatory补偿性的competition and industry evolution竞争和行业演变competition-orientated pricing竞争导向定价法competitive advantage竞争优势competitive(supply-side)evolution 竞争(供方)演变competitive factors竞争因素competitive intelligence竞争情报/信息competitive parity promotionbudgeting竞争均势促销预算法competitive strategy竞争战略competitive strength竞争优势/能力competitor analysis竞争者分析complaint handling投诉处理component materials and parts markets 组成材料和零部件市场computerized ordering计算机化的订购conclusive research确定性研究conditions of demand需求情况conflict and resolution strategies冲突和解决战略conformance to specifications与规格一致conformance一致性confrontation strategy对抗战略conjoint measurement联合测度法conjunctive model联合模型consumer decision-making消费者(购买)决策consumer goods channels消费品分销渠道Consumer Goods Pricing Act,USA美国消费品定价法案consumer goods消费品consumer markets消费品市场consumer needs消费者需求consumer packaged-goods firms消费者包装食品公司consumer promotion消费者促销consumer tests消费者测试consumer/household market消费者/家庭市场consumers'perceptions消费者感知consumption消费contests竞赛contingency planning权变计划contract construction契约建筑业contract manufacturing契约制造业contraction/strategic withdrawal strategy收缩/战略性撤退战略contractual entry modes契约式进入模式contractual vertical marketing systems合约式垂直营销系统contribution margin analysis边际贡献(贡献毛利)分析contributrion margin边际贡献control strategies控制战略convenience food stores便利食品商店convenience goods便利品convenience服务的便利性Cool Whip清凉维普co-operative advertising合作性广告co-ordination and conflict resolution 协调与冲突解决co-production合作生产core benefit proposition(CBP)核心利益方案/提议corollary-data method推定数据法corporate HQ公司总部corporate scope公司(经营)范围corporate strategy公司战略corporate vertical marketing systems 公司式垂直营销系统corporate/institutional advertising 团体/社会公共机构广告corrective action矫正行动cost analysis成本分析cost effectiveness成本有效性cost leadership strategy成本领先战略cost of capital资本成本cost of goods sold(COGS)产品销售成本cost reductions降低成本产品cost-and-volume relationship成本-数量关系cost-oriented pricing成本导向定价法cost-plus/mark-up pricing成本加成/溢价定价法costs and benefits of marketing functions营销职能的成本和效益costs of competitors竞争者成本costs of distribution分销成本countertrade对等贸易coupons优惠券courtesy礼貌coverage of geographic market地域性市场的范围coverage of relevant retailers相关零售商的销售范围credibility信誉credit terms信贷条款critical assumptions关键假设cross-elasticity交叉弹性customary pricing习惯性定价法customer analysis顾客分析customer contact顾客接触customer demand顾客需求customer intimacy顾客亲密度customer loyalty顾客忠诚度customer need顾客需要customer organization of sales force 按客户组织销售队伍customer retention顾客维系/保留customer satisfaction顾客满意度customer segment pricing顾客细分市场定价customer service顾客服务customer-oriented pricing顾客导向定价法customers'perception顾客感知customers'preferences顾客偏好customers'price sensitivity顾客的价格敏感度customizing定制data collection数据收集data confidentiality数据保密data research数据研究data sources数据来源dealers经销商deceptive advertisements欺骗性广告deciders决策者declining markets衰退市场decoding解码defect rate缺陷率defender strategy防御型战略defensive new-product development strategy防御性新产品开发战略defensive positioning防御性定位delivery time交付时间delivery配送demand characteristics需求特征demand curve需求曲线demand-oriented pricing需求导向定价法demographic environment人口统计环境department stores百货商店dependability可靠性deregulation放松管制derived demand衍生需求descriptive research描述性研究design decisions设计决策desired percentage mark-up on retail 预期零售利润率desired percentage return预期回报率determinant attributes关键属性determinants决定因素different responses差别反应differentiated defender strategy差异化防御战略differentiated marketing差异化营销differentiation over time不同时间的差异differentiation strategy差异化战略differentiation差异化diffusion of innovation theory创新扩散理论dimension因素dimensions of quality质量维度direct costing profitability analysis 直接成本盈利性分析direct mail直接邮寄direct marketing via advertising media 通过广告媒体的直接营销direct marketing直接营销direct product profitability(DPP)直接产品盈利性/利润率direct selling直销discount rate贴现率discount stores折扣商店discount折扣discount/premium price policies折扣/溢价策略discriminant analysis差异分析法discriminatory adjustments歧视价格调整discriminatory pricing adjustments歧视定价调整disjunctive model分离模型display space陈列空间disposable income可支配收入dissonance-attribution hierarchy不和谐-归属层次结构distribution channel designs分销渠道设计distribution channel objectives分销渠道的目标distribution channel分销渠道distribution decisions分销决策distribution policies分销策略distribution分销distributor/store(private lables) brands分销商/私有品牌distributors分销商diversification多元化divest撤退divest出让divestment or liquidation收回投资或清算dividend红利dogs瘦狗类domestic target marketing strategies 国内目标市场定位的营销战略dropping products放弃产品dry cleaning干洗dual/two channel distribution systems 双重分销系统duplication(媒体)重复DuPont杜邦公司durability耐用性early vs late adoption早期采购与后期采购earnings per share每股收益economic and technological factors经济技术因素economic power经济权economies of scale规模经济education services教育服务effectiveness有效性efficiency效率emergency goods急需品emotional appeals情感诉求empathy移情作用empirical evidence经验性实例empowerment授权encoding编码end use最终使用endorsement赞同engineering(产品)工程设计entrepreneurial strategy企业家战略entry strategies进入战略environment and packaging disposal环境与包装处理environment factors环境因素environmental scanning环境扫描/分析environmental strategy环境战略establishment机构ethical audit(公司)伦理审计ethics of marketing营销伦理道德ethnic composition种族构成European Community欧共体evaluation and reward systems评估与奖励体系evaluation and selection of supplier 评估和选择供应商evaluation of alternatives评估替代品/各种选择evaluation of brands品牌评估event sponsorship事件赞助event活动everyday low-price(EDLP)天天低价evoked set引发的组合evolution of market市场演变exchange交换exclusive dealing独家销售exclusive distribution独家分销executive summary执行摘要exhibition media展示广告媒体existing market现有市场exit barriers退出壁垒expansion path扩张途径expectation measures(顾客)预期测度expectations of customers顾客期望expected unit sales预计产量expected value期望价值experience curve经验曲线experimental research实验性研究expert power专长权exploratory research探索性研究export agents出口代理(商)export jobbers出口批发商export management company出口管理公司export merchants出口贸易商export出口exporting出口商品extended use strategy扩大使用战略extending volume growth扩大市场份额external data sources外部数据来源external environment外部环境extrapolation of past sales trends过去销售趋势推测法facilitating agencies辅助/中介机构factor analysis因素分析法fads时尚family branding家族品牌family life cycle家庭生命周期family structure家庭结构farm products农产品fast-moving consumer goods(FMCG)快速变动的消费品fear appeals恐惧/顾虑诉求features特征Federal Department Stores联邦百货商店Federal Trade Code(FTC)联邦贸易法案FedEx(Federal Express)联邦快递feedback data反馈数据field test marketing实地市场测试financing融资fisheries渔业fit and finish结实度与外观fixed costs固定成本fixed salary固定工资flanker strategy侧翼进攻战略flanker/fighting brand战斗品牌flanking and encirclement strategies 侧翼进攻与围堵战略flat organizational structure扁平的组织结构FOB origin pricing FOB产地定价法focus strategy集中战略followers追随者Ford福特公司foreign middlemen国外中间商forestry林业formalization形式/规范化formulate制定fortress/position-defence strategy防御堡垒战略Fortune《财富》杂志forward integration向前一体化franchise systems特许系统franchising特许经营free call numbers免费电话号码free goods免费商品freight-absorption pricing免收运费定价法fringe benefits小额津贴frontal attack strategy正面进攻战略full costing profitability analysis全成本盈利性分析full-service wholesalers全方位服务的批发商functional competencies and resourceallocation职能能力与资源分配functional efficiency职能效率functional organization of sales force 按销售职能组织销售队伍functional organizational structure职能型组织结构functional performance功能性能functional strategy职能战略games比赛gap差距gatekeepers信息传递者general behavioral descriptors一般行为变量General Electric(GE)通用电气General Foods Corporation通用食品general merchandise discount chains大众商品折扣连锁店General Motors通用汽车geodemographics区域人口统计特征geographic adjustments地理调整geographic distribution地理分布geographical organization of sales force按地区组织销售队伍Gillette吉列剔须刀global adjustments全球调整global elite consumer segment全球精英消费品市场global expansion全球扩张global marketing control全球营销控制global markets全球市场global niche strategy全球机会战略global standardization strategy全球标准化战略global teenage segment全球青少年市场globalization全球化global-market expansion全球市场扩张goals总目标going-rate/competitive parity pricing 竞争性平价定价法goods producers产品制造商Goodyear固特异轮胎government agencies政府机构government buyers政府采购者government market政府市场government regulation政府管制greenhouse effect温室效应grey market灰色市场gross domestic product(GDP)国内生产总值gross margin毛利gross national product(GNP)国民生产总值gross profit毛利gross rating points(GRPs)总级别指数group/category product manager类别产品经理growing markets成长市场growth rate of market市场增长率growth stage of product life cycle产品生命周期的成长阶段growth-extension strategies增长扩张战略growth-market strategies for market leaders市场领导者的市场增长战略growth-market strategy成长性市场战略growth-market targeting strategy成长性市场定位战略guarantee/warranty保证/担保guarantees保证Gucci古琦(世界著名时装品牌)Haagen-Dazs哈根达斯hard technology硬技术Harvard Business Review《哈佛商业评论》harvest收获harvesting pricing收获定价法harvesting strategy收获战略health care医疗保健health maintenance organizations (HMOs)(美国)卫生保健组织heavy buyer大客户Heileman Brewing CompanyHeinz亨氏食品helpfulness有益性Henkel汉高Hertz赫兹(美国汽车租赁巨头)Hewlett-Packard惠普公司hierarchy of strategy战略的层次high margin/low-turnover retailers高利润/低周转率的零售商high market share global strategy高市场份额全球战略high-contact service system高接触服务系统high-involvement product高参与产品high-involvement purchase高参与购买hight market share高市场份额战略Hilton希尔顿Holiday Inns假日旅馆homogeneous market同质市场Honda本田household/family life cycle家庭生命周期household家庭hybrid technology混合技术idea generation创意的产生/生成ideas for new products新产品创意/构想idea-screening process创意筛选过程identification of segments识别细分市场Illinois Tool Works伊利诺斯工具厂image pricing形象定价imitative positioning模仿定位imitative strategy模仿战略impact evaluation影响评估impersonal sources非个人的信息来源implementation and control of marketing programs营销计划的执行和控制implementation实施improvements in or revisions of existing products现有产品的改良或修正impulse buying冲动购买impulse goods冲动购买品incentives激励income收入increased penetration strategy增加渗透战略indirect costing profitability analysis间接成本盈利性分析individual brand个别品牌individual value个人价值industrial goods&services工业产品和服务industrial goods channels工业品分销渠道industry attractiveness行业吸引力industry attractiveness-business position matrix行业吸引力-业务地位矩阵industry dynamics产业动态industry evaluation产业评估industry evolution产业演变inelastic缺乏价格弹性influencers影响者infocommunications industry信息通信行业infomercials商业信息广告information age信息时代information search信息搜集information technology信息技术information信息informative告知性的ingredient成份in-home personal interview个人家庭访谈in-house use tests内部使用测试innovation创新innovativeness创新性installation设施in-store display店内展示in-store positioning店内布局in-store promotion店内促销intangibles无形integrated marketing communication plan(IMC)整合营销传播计划integration of perception感知整合integration整合Intel因特尔intensity of market position市场地位的集中程度intensity集中程度intensive distribution密集型分销interactions across multiple target markets多目标市场间的相互作用interactive media交互式媒体interest rates利率internal data sources内部数据来源internal marketing内部营销internal organizational structure内部组织结构international advertising国际广告international channels国际分销渠道international division国际分部international marketing国际营销international organizational design国际组织设计internationalization of services服务的国际化introductory stage of product life cycle产品生命周期的推出阶段inventory level库存水平investor relations advertising投资关系广告issue advertising观点广告jobbers批发商Johnson&Johnson强生joint ventures合资jury of executive opinion行政管理人员群体意见法just noticeable difference(JND)恰巧注意到的差异just-in-time(JIT)management system 准时制管理体系just-in-time purchasing arrangements 及key account management主要客户管理key accounts关键客户key benefits核心利益key environmental issue identification 确定主要的环境问题key variables关键变量key/house accounts关键/机构客户laboratory tests实验室测试leapfrog strategy蛙跳战略learning hierarchy学习层级结构legal services法律服务legislation立法legitimate power法定权level of compensation酬金水平level of technical sophistication技术的复杂程度Levi Strauss李维·史特劳斯Levi's列维斯(全球最大的牛仔服制造商)lexicographic model词典编纂模型lifestyle生活方式limited-service wholesalers有限服务的批发商line extension产品线扩展line filling产品线填充line stretching产品线延伸list price订价Lloyd's of London伦敦劳埃德保险公司localizaiton strategy本地化战略location pricing场所定价location位置lodging房屋出租logistical alliances后勤联盟long-term memory长期记忆lost customer失去的顾客Louis Vuitton路易·威登(法国著名时尚品牌)low-contact service system低接触服务系统low-cost defender低成本防御型low-cost position低成本地位low-involvement hierarchy低参与程度层级结构macro risks宏观风险macroenvironment宏观环境macrosegmentation宏观细分mail-order retailers邮购零售商maintaining market share保持市场份额maintenance strategy保持战略management overhead管理费mandatory adaptation强制性适应manufacturer brand制造商/全国性品牌manufacturers'agents/representatives 生产商的代理商/销售代表manufacturers'export agents(MEA)制造商出口代理manufacturers'sales offices/branches 生产商的销售办事处/分支机构manufacturing process制造过程manufacturing制造业market aggregation strategy整体市场战略market attractiveness factors市场吸引力因素market attractiveness市场吸引力market attractiveness/businessposition matrix市场吸引力/业务地位矩阵market circumstances市场环境market demorgraphics市场人口分布/统计特征market dimension市场量度market entry strategies市场进入战略market exclusion市场排斥market expansion strategy市场扩张战略market factors市场因素market followers市场跟随者market growth rate市场增长率market hirarchy市场等级market inclusion市场纳入market leaders市场领导者market measurement市场测量market opportunity analysis市场机会分析market oriented以市场为导向的market position factors市场地位因素market positioning analysis市场定位分析market potential measurements市场潜力测度market research市场研究market segment细分市场market segmentation市场细分market share市场份额market targeting目标市场选择market市场marketability市场开拓能力market-entry strategies市场进入战略marketing action plan营销行动计划marketing audit营销审计marketing channel营销渠道marketing codes of conduct营销行为规范marketing communication营销沟通/传播marketing concept营销观念marketing control营销控制marketing decision support systems (MDSS)营销决策支持系统marketing environment audit营销环境审计marketing flows and functions营销过程和职能marketing function area audit营销功能领域的审计marketing implications of对营销的影响marketing information system营销信息系统marketing institutions营销机构marketing management营销管理marketing message营销信息marketing mix营销组合marketing policy营销策略marketing productivity area audit营销生产力领域的审计marketing program components营销计划内容marketing program营销计划/方案marketing relationship营销关系marketing research营销研究marketing strategy营销战略market-management organizational structure市场管理组织结构mark-up price产品/溢价价格Marlboro万宝路Marriott Hotel万豪酒店mass-market penetration strategy大规模市场渗透战略mass-market strategy大市场战略matrix organizational structure矩阵组织结构Matsushita日本松下电子mature conformists成熟的随大流者mature markets成熟市场mature stage of product life cycle产品生命周期的成熟阶段McDonald's麦当劳McDonnell Douglas麦道公司MCI电讯公司(前世界通信公司)MDSS(Marketing-Decision Support System)市场决策支持系统measurability可测度性measure or index测量指标measurement criteria计量标准media audiences媒体受众medical and health services医疗卫生服务Medico Containment Servicesmemory of consumers消费者记忆Mercedes-Benz梅赛德斯-奔驰Mercer Management Consulting美国美智管理顾问公司merchandising推销merchant middlemen国内贸易中间商merchant wholesalers商业批发商message structure信息结构Michael Porter迈克尔-波特micro risks微观风险microsegmentatioin微观细分Miller Tyding ACT,USA米勒·泰丁法案minging矿业Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Company(3M)明尼苏达矿业和制造公司Minolta美能达miscellaneous sources多方面来源mission宗旨missionary selling推销式销售Mitsubishi Heavy Industries三菱重工modified rebuy调整再购monosegment positioning单一细分市场定位Monsanto孟山都农业生物技术公司moral appeals伦理/道德诉求morals道德Motorola摩托罗拉multichannel distribution多渠道分销multidimensional scaling多维等级法multilevel selling多级销售multinational coporations(MNCs)跨国公司multiple test markets多测试市场multiple-brand strategy多品牌战略multiple-factor index多因素指数法multisegment positioning多重细分市场定位mutual trust相互信任national account management全国性客户管理national market国内市场National Semiconductor美国国家半导体公司natural products天然产品NEC日本电子Nescafé雀巢咖啡Nestlé雀巢net sales净销售额network computer(NC)网络计算机new business selling新业务销售new buy购入新产品new entrants新进入者new markets新市场new materials新材料New Prod screening model新普罗德筛选模型new product lines新产品线new products新产品new-product development新产品开发new-product ideas新产品创意Newsweek《新闻周刊》new-task buying全新采购new-to-the-world products世界性新产品niche penetration strategy壁龛/机会市场渗透战略niche-market strategy壁龛市场战略Nike耐克Nissan尼桑no-brand brand name无品牌的品牌名称no-frills product无虚饰产品noise in communication system传播系统中的噪音non-financial rewards非物质性奖励措施non-probability sampling非概率抽样non-profit organization非盈利组织non-store retailing无店铺零售业number of stockouts迟滞数目object-and-task method of promotion budgeting目标-任务促销预算法objectives and strategy area audit目标与战略领域的审计objectives具体目标observation观察法occupancy costs房屋占用成本occupation/position职业/职位odd pricing奇/余数定价法OEM(original equipment manufacturer)原始设备制造商oeverall quality总体质量off-invoice discounts发票之外的折扣offsets抵消交易Omega欧米加on-air testing广播测试OPEC(Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries)欧佩克(石油输出国组织)opening relationships建立关系operating supplies生产供应品operational excellence运作管理水平opinion leaders意见领导者opportunity cost机会成本opportunity identification机会识别opportunity/threat matrix机会/威胁矩阵order cycle time订货周期order processing订单处理organisational level组织层次organizaitonal requirement planning组织需求计划organization area audit组织领域的审计organization buying center组织采购中心organizational customer组织顾客organizational direct selling组织直销organizational markets组织市场organizational purchasing组织采购organzational structure组织结构outdoor enthusiasts户外运动爱好者out-of-home media户外广告媒体overall cost leadership全面成本领先overheads日常开支overseas direct investment海外直接投资ownership of new product新产品所有权packaging包装panel of experts专家小组parentage渊源parties involved交换中的各方payment terms支付条款pay-off control支出控制penetration pricing渗透定价Pepsi-Cola百事可乐perceived customer value顾客感知价值perceived quality感知到的质量perceived value感知到的价值percentage of sales promotion budgeting method销售额百分比促销预算法perceptions of consumers消费者感知/理解perceptual(product)pisitioning感知(产品)定位perceptual map感知图perceptual organization感知组织perceptual vigilance感性的警惕performance dimension业绩标准performance evaluation业绩评估performance measures表现/业绩测度performance objective绩效目标performance standards绩效标准performance功能perishability非持久性personal selling人员推销personal sources个人的信息来源personnel development人力资源开发persuasive说服性的pharmaceuticals industry医药行业physical(product)positioning物理(产品)定位physical descriptors物理变量physical distribution实物分销Pillsbury皮尔斯博瑞pioneers先入者Pizza Hut必胜客place utility地点效用planning and control system area audit 计划与控制系统领域的审计point of sale information销售点信息point-of-purhcase(POP)promotion采购点促销point-of-sales(POS)data销售点数据pontificator保守派popularity通用性population trends人口趋势portfolio models for resource allocation资源配置的资产组合模式position intensity地位集中程度positioning定位possession utility拥有效用post-purchase dissonance购买后的不协调post-purchase evaluation购买后评估post-purchase/after-sale service售后服务potential advantages潜在优势potential customer潜在顾客potential market潜在市场potential target market潜在目标市场power in distribution分销权力power of buyers购买者能力power of suppliers供应商能力predatory pricing掠夺性定价法pre-empting scarce resources先占稀缺资源preferential treatment特惠待遇premiums额外奖励present competitors现有的竞争者presenting sales message提供销售信息pre-test market research测试前市场研究price discrimination价格歧视price elasticity of demand需求的价格弹性price fixing价格设定price leaders价格领导者price lining价格排列定价法price promotion价格促销price quotation报价price sensitivity价格敏感度price structure价格结构price价格price/earnings ration价格/收益比price-off promotions降价促销price-setting process定价过程pricing adjustments定价调整pricing policies价格策略pricing定价primary demand基本需求primary sources第一类/主要数据print media印刷媒体private/for-profit organization私营/盈利性组织PRIZM(Potential Rating Index for Zip Markets)按邮政区划为基础的潜力等级指数proactive new-product development strategy进取型新产品开发战略probability sampling概率抽样problem formulation界定问题problem identificatioin确定问题process management过程管理Procter&Gamble(P&G)宝洁公司product line产品线product availability产品的可获得性product category产品类别product class产品类别product decisions产品决策product design产品设计product development产品开发product dimension or attributes产品维度/属性product evolution产品演变product features产品特征product intent share产品倾向份额product leadership产品领导能力product life cycle(PLC)产品生命周期product life cycle curve产品生命周期曲线product line产品线product manager audit产品经理审计product offering供应品product organizaiton of salesforce按产品组织销售队伍product policies产品策略product positioning产品定位product quality产品质量product scope产品范围product space产品位置product specifications产品规格product systems产品体系product type产品类型product usage产品用途product产品product(ion)-oriented organization产品/生产导向型组织production生产product-line pricing adjustments产品线定价调整product-management organizational structure产品管理组织结构product-market entry control产品-市场进入控制product-related behavioral descriptors 与产品相关的行为变量product's market characteristics产品的市场特征product-use testing产品使用测试pro-environment环保profit impact of market strategy (PIMS)市场战略的利润影响profitability analysis盈利性分析profitability盈利性/盈利能力profitable survivor strategy有利可图的生存者战略project-company resource compatibility 项目与公司资源的协调性projected profit-and-loss statement预计损益表projective tests投影测试promotion decisions促销决策promotion mix促销组合promotion policies促销策略promotion促销promotional allowance促销折让promotional effort促销努力promotional pricing促销定价promptness及时性propector strategy探索型战略prospecting for customers寻找顾客psychographics心理统计特征psychological cost心理成本psychological pricing心理定价法public organization公共组织public relations公共关系public utilities公共设施publicity公共宣传pull strategy for control of distribution channels分销渠道控制的拉式战略pupil dilation瞳孔扩张purchase predisposition购买倾向purchasing agent采购代理purchasing contract采购合同purchasing manager/agent采购经理/代理purchasing power perity(PPP)购买力平价指数push money/spiffs佣金push stragtegy for control of distribution channels分销渠道控制的推式战略qualifying prospects审查潜在顾客资格quality dimensions质量维度quality质量quantity discount数量折扣question marks问题类questioning询问法quotas定额R&D expenditure研究开发战略race and ethnic origin种族和民族rack jobbers供应超级市场的批发商radio无线电广播rank ordering排序rate of adoption采购率rate-of-return/target return pricing回报率/目标回报定价法rational appeals理性诉求rationale基本原理raw materials原材料reactive and proactive responses反应及前摄策略reactive new-product development strategyreactor strategy反应型战略real estate房地产rebates回扣recall tests记忆测试receiver接收者reciprocity利益互惠recognition of problem/need发现问题/需求recognition tests认知测试recreation娱乐业recruitment and selection招聘与选拔recycling of packaging包装回收(利用)Reebok锐步reference group参照群体referent power参照权refocus巩固refunds退款refusal to deal拒绝经营regression analysis回归分析法regulation管制related/concentric diversification相关/同心多元化relational VMSs相关式垂直营销系统relative attractiveness of declining markets衰退市场的相对吸引力relative market potential相对市场潜力relative market share相对市场份额reliability可靠性repeat purchase behavior重复购买行为repetition重复repositionings重新定位产品requirements planning需求计划reseller中间商resident buyers常驻采购员resource allocation/deployment资源配置response strategies反应策略response to communication传播响应responsive strategy反应型新产品开发战略responsiveness响应性retail coverage strategy零售范围战略Retail Index零售指数retail outlets零售店retail sales零售额retailer co-operatives零售商合作社retailer零售商retailing trends零售趋势Return on Equity(ROE)权益回报率Return on Investment(ROI)投资回报率Return on Net Assets(RONA)净资产回报率reverse engineering反向工程reward systems奖励系统rivalry determinants竞争决定因素rivalry竞争对手Robert Miles罗伯特·迈尔斯Rockwell洛克威尔Rolex劳力士Rolls-Royce劳斯莱斯roster名册salary薪金sales agents销售代理商sales analysis by customer顾客销售分析sales analysis by order size订货规模的销售分析sales analysis by product产品销售分析sales analysis by territory区域销售分析sales analysis销售分析sales forcasting销售预测sales force estimates销售人员估计sales force size销售队伍规模sales force销售队伍sales forecasting销售预测sales management销售管理sales organization销售组织sales performance销售表现/业绩sales personnel incentives销售人员激励sales personnel销售人员sales planning销售计划sales potential销售潜力sales promotion销售促进/促销sales territory销售地区sales trends销售趋势sales销售额sales/price reduction销售/价格下降sample design样本设计sample size样本大小sampling抽样sampling提供样品scale efficiency规模效率scaled measures比例测度scoring models评判模型screening of ideas创意筛选sealed bidding招标Sears西尔斯secondary sources第二类/次要数据second-but-better new-product development strategy后者居上型新产品开发战略security证券业segmentation and targeting细分与目标选择segmentation criteria细分标准segmentation descriptors市场细分变量segmentation市场细分Seiko日本精工株式会社(全球著名的打印机生产商)selective demand选择性需求。
常用职业类别名称中英文对照
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原文来源:李海宏《Marketing Customer Satisfaction》[A].2012中国旅游分销高峰论坛.[C].上海Marketing Customer Satisfaction顾客满意策略与顾客满意营销Since the 20th century, since the late eighties, the customer satisfaction strategy is increasingly becoming business has more customers share the overall business competitive advantage means.自20世纪八十年代末以来,顾客满意战略已日益成为各国企业占有更多的顾客份额,获得竞争优势的整体经营手段。
First, customer satisfaction strategy is to get a modern enterprise customers, "money votes" magic weapon一、顾客满意策略是现代企业获得顾客“货币选票”的法宝With the changing times, the great abundance of material wealth of society, customers in the main --- consumer demand across the material has a lack of time, the number of times the pursuit, the pursuit of quality time to the eighties of the 20th century entered the era of the end consumer sentiment. In China, with rapid economic development, we have rapidly beyond the physical absence of the times, the pursuit of the number of times and even the pursuit of quality and age of emotions today gradually into the consumer era. Spending time in the emotion, the company's similar products have already reached the same time, homogeneous, with the energy, the same price, consumers are no longer pursue the quality, functionality and price, but the comfort, convenience, safety, comfort, speed, jump action, environmental protection, clean, happy,fun, etc., consumers are increasingly concerned about the product whether for their own life energy, enrich, comfort, beauty and spiritual quality, and exceed consumer expectations in the pre-sale, sale, after-sales service and advice. In other words, people today are looking for is a "psychological satisfaction and a sense of fulfillment," the commodity, high value added goods and services, the pursuit of values and sense of diversity, individuality, and the intangible satisfaction of the time has come .随着时代的变迁,社会物质财富的极大充裕,顾客中的主体———消费者的需求也先后跨越了物质缺乏的时代、追求数量的时代、追求品质的时代,到了20世纪八十年代末进入了情感消费时代。
在我国,随着经济的高速发展,我们也已迅速跨越了物质缺乏时代、追求数量的时代乃至追求品质的时代,到今天也逐步迈进情感消费时代。
在情感消费时代,各企业的同类产品早已达到同时、同质、同能、同价,消费者追求的已不再是质量、功能和价格,而是舒适、便利、安全、安心、速度、跃动、环保、清洁、愉快、有趣等,消费者日益关注的是产品能否为自己的生活带来活力、充实、舒适、美感和精神文化品位,以及超越消费者期望值的售前、售中、售后服务和咨询。
也就是说,今天人们所追求的是具有“心的满足感和充实感”的商品,是高附加值的商品和服务,追求价值观和意识多元化、个性化和无形的满足感的时代已经来临。
And consumers adapt to changes in the value of the pursuit of competition between enterprises, but also from product competition, price competition, technological competition, advertising competition, brand image development of competition to the current competition, credit competition, cultural competition and service competition, competition that customer satisfaction . This competition is the enterprise wide angle, wide-field space-time within the context of high-level, reflect the overall strength of the competition. It includes organizational innovation, technological innovation, management innovation, industry foresight, R & D force, employee engagement, customer service ability, customer affinity, peer recognition ability, community contributions to force, public relations and dissemination of communication skills, corporate culture drive, environmental adaptation, and so forth. These integrated imageof the force and the synthesis of integrated sustainable competitiveness, which is CS strategy to solve the problem. CS times, companies no longer "own the center," but to "customer-centric"; "customer", "customer satisfaction" is no longer a mere formality of the slogan, but real action to basis of a new business philosophy of. Enterprises no longer quality standards, their satisfaction with the management idea, but in customer satisfaction, gain customer loyalty for the business philosophy of high. The focus is no longer business strategy to gain or maintain market share, mainly, but as for customer satisfaction for the business philosophy. Therefore, the marketing strategy of competitors who focus not on but on clients, on the customers actual and potential needs. When the company provides products and services to the customer's prior expectations, customers will be basically satisfied; if far exceed customer expectations, and far higher than other colleagues, customers really satisfied; if companies can continuously or for a long time the customers satisfaction, customer loyalty will be. Loyal customers will not only regularly repeat purchase, but also other related businesses to purchase products or services; loyal customers will not only actively recommend to others to buy his products, and promotional activities of competitors on the enterprise has the immunity of a dissatisfied dissatisfied customers will tell 16-20 individuals, and each one was told who will then spread to 12-15 individuals. Thus, a dissatisfied person will affect two or three hundred people. Today in the popularity of the Internet, its impact is even greater. According to the U.S. auto industry survey, a satisfaction will unleash the potential of business 8 document, which will be at least a transaction. Another survey showed that every increase of 5% of enterprise customer loyalty, andprofits will grow 25% -95%. 80% of a company 20% of the profits from loyal customers; while the cost of obtaining a new customer is to maintain a 6 times the cost of old customers. Therefore, the American scholar Tangpeiposi that: the decision whether or not the key to the success of an enterprise is not market share, but rather customer share.与消费者价值追求变化相适应的企业间的竞争,也由产品竞争、价格竞争、技术竞争、广告竞争、品牌竞争发展到现今的形象竞争、信誉竞争、文化竞争和服务竞争,即顾客满意竞争。