浅析美国电影行业
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五. Social development will definitely lead to raising the level of the people of knowledge and culture, people appreciate the ability to rise. American film with a lot of special effects technology, high-tech means to create a realistic motion effects, first-class production capacity, the trend of consumer demand and changes in demand analysis is correct and in place. (社会的发展必然带动人们知识文化水平的提高,人 们欣赏能力上升。美国电影采用了大量的特效技术, 采用高科技手段制造出逼真的电影效果,具备一流的 制作能力)
一、美国电影业的发展历程
1、起源( 19世纪末20世纪初--- 1910年) 2、崛起(1910年---20世纪20年代后期) 3、黄金时代( 20世纪20年代末--- 1940年后期) 4、当代好莱坞(1940年后期---至今)
1、起源
在美国电影业发展的早期,纽约是电影制作 的中心,因一年四季的宜人气候,好莱坞成为 电影拍摄的更佳选择。
三、Innovation is the power of Hollywood immortality(创新是好莱坞 不死的力量)
• The innovative pioneer of Hollywood has resisted the pressure, new technologies and models for commercial operation in Hollywood. Constantly come up with new ideas and try, in an industry only possible survival and development(不断想出新理 不断想出新理 念并且进行尝试,一个行业才有生存发展的可能)。 念并且进行尝试,一个行业才有生存发展的可能)。 • Apple founder Steve Jobs, as well as "Star Wars prequel," director George Lucas. After the success of the iTunes online store to become the world's largest legal download music, Steve Jobs look to the classic movies of the Hollywood film company authorized iTunes to download legally, and to further broaden the movie playback channels to promote the Hollywood digital process(推动了好莱坞数字化进程)。
七. U.S. advanced technology, the popularity of TV makes movie viewing rate, but the United States, "Avatar" lead the trend of 3D TV can not be achieved, which makes people flocked to the cinema(美国技术先进,电视的 普及使得电影观看率下降)
四. Film market will be developed with the rise of per capita income levels, with the development of people's living standards. People's spiritual pursuit of rising pay more attention to the spirit of enjoyment, enjoy the spirit of consumer spending also increased significantly, the U.S. film industry is seizing this opportunity to obey this trend developed.(在精神享受上的消费支 出也大大增加,美国电影业正是抓住了这一时机, 顺从了这一趋势发展起来。)
4、当代好莱坞
依靠得天独厚的地理环境和文化基础 迅速发展蓬勃兴旺,制作出一系列优 秀影片。
外部性Externality
• 定义: 如果一个消费者或厂商的行为以市场 机制以外的途径直接影响了其他消费者或厂商 的福利,则存在外部性。 • 外部性是市场失灵的一种形式。
-外部性源于市场不存在,或者市场价格不能够完 全反映出一项商品或服务的的真实边际成本或边际 收益。
二、Hollywood: Fun Copyright creating wealth(玩转版权 生财有道)
• 83rd Academy Awards held in Los Angeles grand attracted the eyes of the world's attention, the Academy Awards as the world's oldest film awards ceremony, one of its global ratings after the World Cup. Great influence on behalf of the American film and television industry developed. This is not only due to the many Hollywood talents and high-tech means of shooting, but also due to the relatively complete IPR legal system in the United States and the success of copyright mode of operation.
2、崛起
在1910年初,在加利福尼亚的洛杉矶,电影公 司和好莱坞同步发展起来。第一次世界大战前, 电影仅能在几个美国的城市完成。但随着电影 业的发展,电影制作公司被吸引到加利福尼亚 南部,因为那里气候温和、阳光明媚,一年四 季都可在户外拍摄,那里还有各种各样的布景。
3、黄金时代
好莱坞“黄金时代”是指从20世纪20年代末, 即无声电影时代末期,至50年代末的这段时间。 此时,好莱坞已经落户位于美国西海岸加利福 尼亚州洛杉矶郊外的好莱坞,这片依山傍水, 景色宜人的地方,洛杉矶郊外的小村庄最终成 为一个庞大的电影城。
六.The United States and other countries in the longterm film golden age has accumulated a lot of theater and screen, and are most likely to have relatively low construction or leasing costs, which also compared to the foreign film fare and income, and be able to maintain a relatively low level, which is a lot of theater investors elusive. This makes it relatively inexpensive price of the U.S. film market share greatly increased, thus the rapid development of the influx of international。(美国等国家在长期的电影黄金年代里 积累了大量影院和银幕,而且多数可能都有相对低的 建造或租赁成本,)
外部性的特征
由生产活动产生
外部性
由消费活动产生
二、美国电影成功的因素
一、Unique natural environment (得天独厚的自然环境)பைடு நூலகம்
• Hollywood is America's second largest city of Los Angeles, California, southwest, northwest, and here is surrounded by mountains, sea side, dense forests, the climate is mild and pleasant, and convenient transportation. • Hollywood (Hollywood), Entertainment world's most famous and popular tourist locations, now "Hollywood" word often used to refer to southern California's film industry.
Thus, the Hollywood commercial films targeted to the global film market, not only to meet the needs of the audience at home and abroad, and also meet the needs of the cinema and cable TV channels. Hollywood movie is like a locomotive. It led to the development of the entire media industry. Establish a good brand of film.(好莱坞 电影就像火车头。它带动了整个媒体产业的发 展。建立起良好的电影品牌。)
浅析美国电影业 成为世界第一大电影出口国的原因
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好莱坞十大电影排行榜
1 泰坦尼克号 派拉蒙 18.45 <亿美元>1997 2 指环王3王者归来 新线 11.19 <亿美元>2003 3 哈利波特和魔法石 华纳兄弟 9.77 <亿美元>2001 4 指环王2双塔奇谋 新线 9.26 <亿美元>2002 5 星战前传1幽灵的威胁 20世纪福克斯 9.25 <亿美元 >1999 6 史莱克2 梦工厂 9.19<亿美元> 2004 7 侏罗纪公园 环球 9.15 <亿美元>1993 8 哈里波特和密室 华纳兄弟 8.77 <亿美元>2002 9 指环王1魔戒现身 新线 8.71 <亿美元>2001 10 海底总动员 迪斯尼 8.65<亿美元> 2003