自考 综合英语二 历年考试 真题 2004-04
全国2004年10月高等教育自学考试综合英语（二）试题3
III. 难句释义。
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择⼀个正确答案，并在答题纸上将所选答案的字母涂⿊。
（本⼤题共10⼩题，每⼩题1分，共10分）Choose the closest paraphrased version for each of the sentences or italicized parts.(10 points)41. Time is treated as if it were tangible.A. … it were something too tricky to grasp.B. … it were something solid which you can seize and control.C. … it were something you can’t easily see or notice.D. … it were something that man can never understand.42. A cross response signals that the parents are in inner conflict.A. … the parents are usually sorry when they respond angrily.B. … the parents are sure they are right in responding angrily.C. … the parents are not certain that the best way is to respond angrily.D. … the parents are not sure whether or not they should respond angrily.43. Intellectually, we must admit, he was not of much importance.A. His mental abilities were about or below average.B. He was not much respected among intellectuals.C. His friends thought of him as a good-for-nothing.D. He was not regarded as a well-informed person.44. A little girl tramping around in the Pennsylvania woods near her home feels close to the birds and plants and animals. She is at ease with them.A. She enjoys being close to them.B. She finds it easy to make friends with them.C. She feels relaxed and comfortable with them.D. She regards them as closer friends than humans.45. What man on earth could deny a child the chance to live?A. What kind of man could refuse to help a child survive?B. Is there such a man who could deprive a child of the chance to live?C. No man should ever refuse to give a child the chance to survive.D. Only a merciless person would not give a child the chance to survive.46. Even when you have doubts about people, act as if they are worthy of your best manners.A. … treat them politely.B. … speak as politely as you can.C. … show that you are a man of good manners.D. … tell them that they deserve your best manners.47. Nothing was too good for that child [Laura].A. Laura deserved whatever her parents did for her.B. Laura was a spoilt child and she was hard to please.C. Laura never took her parents’ love and care for granted.D. Laura was untouched no matter what her parents did for her.48. There is a great deal to be said about the suburb.A. The suburb has many advantages.B. The suburb is much talked about.C. The suburb is a nice area to live in.D. The suburb attracts many city people.49.If I care about you. I’m concerned about your growth, and I hope you will become all that you can become.A. … you will become what you want to be.B. … you will eventually become a gifted person.C. … you will develop all your abilities to the full.D. … you will be capable of doing all sorts of jobs.50. No one really expects a vacation trip to produce a close friend.A. Not everyone believes that people they meet during a holiday trip could become close friendsB. Not everyone thinks close friendship can be developed among fellow travelers during a vacation trip.C. People everywhere are so eager for friendship that they want to make close friends during a vacation trip.D. Though they may hope so. people don’t think it possible to form close friendship during a holiday trip.。
全国2004年4月高教自学考试综合英语(二)试题
全国2004年4月高教自学考试综合英语(二)试题 Ⅰ.语法、词汇。
用适当的词填空。
从A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出一个正确答题纸上写上所选答案的字母。
(本大题共25小题,每小题1分,共25分) Complete each of the following sentences with the most likely answer.(25 points) 1.I should say confidence comes not ______from how other people look at us as from look at ourselves.A. so muchB. as muchC. this muchD. that much 2.The George Washington Bridge is a double-deck bridge across ______Hudson RiveA. aB. anC. theD. / 3. “Which books are yours?” “Oh, ______over there, of course.”A. thisB. thatC. theseD. those 4. Television, ______ came into being in 1939, did not become common until the earA. thatB. whatC. whichD. it 5. Many car accidents occur _______ drunk driving.A. due toB. thanks toC. becauseD. for 6. Finally after working hard for five years Jane ______ able to save her fare to EuropA. isB. wasC. will beD. would be 7.when we reached the cinema, the film _____ started, for there were no people at theA. should haveB. ought to haveC. had to haveD. must have 8. The doctor suggested that the patient ________on a diet but he couldn’t resist the t of rich food.A. goesB. goC. wentD. gone 9. You’d better leave _____usual. The heavy traffic on Monday mornings may hold yA. early thanB. early thenC. earlier thanD. earlier then 10. No sooner _______home than he was asked to go on another business trip.A. had he arrivedB. he had arrivedC. has he arrivedD. he has arrived 11. The teacher emphasized that ______of us should read the essay three times.A. each everyoneB. all and every oneC. each and every oneD. each someone 12. _____the false banknote looked genuine, it did not stand up to close examination.A. SinceB. AsC. Even asD. Even though 13.If you don’t hurry up, the train _______by the time we get to the station.A. has leftB. will have leftC. will leaveD. would have left14. When I ran into Mary at the supermarket yesterday, I smiled at her, but she ______m walked on.A. missedB. overlookedC. ignoredD. neglected 15. If you fail to adapt ______the quickly changing society, you will be behind the timA. withB. againstC. forD. to 16.My father is deeply concerned with the government’s ______policies.A. economicalB. economyC. economicD. economics 17. In his 27-year imprisonment, Mandela, a South African leader, was ______his po rights.A. deprived ofB. deprived offC. deprived fromD. deprived with 18.Scientists have spent years researching into the ______of sleeping pills on the humA. affectB. effectC. impactD. influence 19. Only a few people have ______to the confidential energy data.A. accessB. admissionC. permissionD. entrance 20. CCTV reported that ______the snowstorm, at least five houses collapsed and thre were killed.A. on any account ofB. on every account ofC. on account ofD. on this account of 21. The government is _______ every effort to reduce the accident rate in coal minesA. takingB. makingC. catchingD. putting 22. The three sales representatives of this company will be ______with a trip to FrancA. offeredB. awardedC. rewardedD. given 23. Contrary ________popular opinion, eating less does not help you lose weight.A. toB. withC. againstD. into 24. An inventor needs to have a creative and _____mind.A. imaginableB. imaginativeC. imaginaryD. imaging 25.The law protects equal rights for all citizens, _____race, religion or sex.A. without regard toB. with regard ofC. regardless toD. regardless of Ⅱ.完形填空。
全国2004年下半年高等教育自学考试英语二真题及答案
全国2004年下半年高等教育自学考试英语(二)试卷(课程代码00l5)PART ONE (50 POINTS)I.Vocabulary and structure (10 points，l point for each item)从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。
1.Under no circumstances＿＿＿betray our friends for personal benefit.A.did weB.we shouldC.should weD.we could2.It is said that no city＿＿＿New York attracts so many people of differentcultures.A.other thanB.better thanC.more thanD.rather than3.With such a poor score in the entrance exam，it’s＿＿＿impossible for him t0be admitted to this university.A.roughlyB.absolutelyC.fullyD.exclusively4.A formal dress is＿＿＿to a casual one for such an occasion.A.suitableB.favorableC.fashionableD.preferable5.The book is reserved to＿＿＿comes first.A.whoeverB.whomeverC.whomD.who6.They all voted for him in the election，＿＿＿ was t0 be expected.A.whatB.soC.asD.that7.How is it——your answer on the paper is almost the same as his?A.whatB.ifC.thatD.so8.On hearing the news, he felt a wave of anger＿＿＿within him.A.arisingB.risingC.arousingD.raising9.I often dream of Paris but I’ve never been there.It’s me place ＿＿＿.A.where I ’d like to visitB.that 1 want to visit it mostC.in which I ’d like to visitD.I most want to visit10.Practicing improperly，you are likely to＿＿＿some bad habits.A.pick upB.keep upC.draw upD.catch upII.Cloze Test(10 points，l point for each item)下列短文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项。
2004 考研英语阅读真题Text 4(英语二)
2004 Text 4（英语⼆）如果学校不重视智⼒，谁会重视？Text 4Americans today don't place a very high value on intellect.Our heroes are athletes, entertainers, and entrepreneurs, not scholars.Even our schools are where we send our children to get a practical education not to pursue knowledge for the sake of knowledge.Symptoms of pervasive in our schools aren't difficult to find.“Schools have always been in a society where practical is more important than intellectual,” says education writer Diane Ravitch. “Schools could be acounterbalance.”Ravitch's latest book, Left Back: A Century of Failed School Reforms, traces the roots of anti-intellectualism in our schools, concluding they are anything but a counterbalance to the American distaste for intellectual pursuits.But they could and should be.Encouraging kids to reject the life of the mind leaves them vulnerable to exploitation and control.短⽂4今天的美国⼈不很看重才学。
自考英语二历年真题
自考英语二历年真题一、2004年真题：Reading ComprehensionPassage OneQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage:Globalization（全球化） is the term used to describe the dramatic changes occurring in the world economy. It refers to the growing integration and interdependence of national economies. The world economy is now viewed as a single market system in which every country, regardless of size or wealth, is linked to the global market. Consequently, when changes occur in one part of the world, they have an effect on other parts of the world economy. In the past, globalization mainly applied to trade in goods. Today, globalization is expanding into every area of economic life, including services, finance, information technology, and labor markets.51. What is globalization?52. What is the main characteristic of globalization?53. How has globalization expanded in recent years?54. In the past, what was the main area in which globalization applied?55. List four areas, apart from trade in goods, that are now affected by globalization.Passage TwoQuestions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage:The human brain has long fascinated scientists. A new discovery has revealed the extent to which the brain is involved in our sense of touch. Researchers have found that neurons in the brain react to the movement of a hair on our skin that is as little as a thousandth of a millimeter. This is an incredibly small distance, and shows just how sensitive our sense of touch is. Also, the brain actually changes in response to touch: the more we use our sense of touch, the more the brain adapts and the more sensitive it becomes. This finding could have important implications for those who have lost their sense of touch through injury or illness.56. What has fascinated scientists for a long time?57. What have researchers discovered about the human sense of touch?58. How sensitive is our sense of touch?59. Does the brain change in response to touch?60. What implications could this discovery have for people who have lost their sense of touch?Passage ThreeQuestions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage:In many countries, there is a growing concern about the rise of lifestyle diseases. These are diseases that are caused by a person's lifestyle, including such factors as diet, lack of physical activity, and smoking. Lifestyle diseases include heart disease, diabetes,and some forms of cancer. They are called "silent killers" because they often develop slowly over a long period of time and can go unnoticed until they become serious. The good news is that many lifestyle diseases are preventable. By adopting healthier habits, such as eating a balanced diet and exercising regularly, people can reduce their risk of developing these diseases. Governments also have a role to play in promoting healthy lifestyles by providing information and creating environments that make it easier for people to make healthy choices.61. What are lifestyle diseases?62. What causes lifestyle diseases?63. Name three examples of lifestyle diseases.64. Why are lifestyle diseases called "silent killers"?65. What can people do to reduce their risk of developing lifestyle diseases?WritingWrite a composition of about 150 words."Advantages and Disadvantages of Being an Only Child"二、2005年真题：Reading ComprehensionPassage OneQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage:Social networking sites are a recent phenomenon that has taken the Internet by storm. These sites, such as MySpace, Facebook, and Bebo, enable users to create a profile and interact with other users by sharing information about themselves, their interests, and their activities. In many ways, social networking sites have become an important part of people's lives, especially those of young people. They offer a way of connecting with friends and meeting new people, and provide a platform for self-expression. However, social networking sites also have their disadvantages. They can be addictive, and can take up a lot of time that could be spent on other activities, such as studying or spending time with family and friends. They also pose a number of privacy risks, as users often share personal information that can be used by others for malicious purposes.51. What are social networking sites?52. What do social networking sites enable users to do?53. Who uses social networking sites?54. What are the advantages of social networking sites?55. What are the disadvantages of social networking sites? Passage TwoQuestions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage: Astronomy is the study of our universe, including planets, stars, and galaxies. It is a fascinating subject that has intrigued people for centuries. Early astronomers used simple telescopes to observe the heavens, and discovered many strange and wonderful phenomena, such as comets and supernovae. Today, astronomers use powerful telescopes and other high-tech equipment to study the universe ingreater detail. They also use mathematical models and computer simulations to help them understand the complex processes that occur in space. One of the most exciting areas of astronomy today is the search for extraterrestrial life. While no conclusive evidence of life beyond Earth has been found, astronomers believe that there is a strong possibility that other forms of life exist in the universe.56. What is astronomy?57. What did early astronomers discover?58. How do astronomers study the universe today?59. What do astronomers use mathematical models and computer simulations for?60. What is one of the most exciting areas of astronomy today? Passage ThreeQuestions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage:Global warming is one of the most serious environmental problems facing the world today. It is caused by an increase in the concentration of greenhouse gases in the Earth's atmosphere, particularly carbon dioxide, which is released into the atmosphere by the burning of fossil fuels. The rise in global temperatures that is associated with global warming is causing a variety of environmental problems, such as melting glaciers, rising sea levels, and more frequent and intense weather events. The effects of global warming are not limited to the environment; they also have economic and social impacts. For example, changes in the climate can affect agriculture and food supplies, and can lead to the displacement of people from their homes due to rising sea levels.61. What is global warming?62. What causes global warming?63. What are some of the environmental problems associated with global warming?64. What are some of the economic impacts of global warming?65. What are some of the social impacts of global warming? WritingWrite a composition of about 150 words."A Job I Would Like to Have and Why"。
全国2004年1月高等教育自学考试综合英语（二）试题
全国2004年1月高等教育自学考试综合英语（二）试题全国2004年1月高等教育自学考试综合英语(二)试题课程代码：00795Ⅰ.Complete the sentences with the best choice. Write your right letter on the Answer Sheet:(10%)1.The teacher demanded that each student ( ) to class before seven o’clock.A. cameB. comeC. comesD. would come2.Seldom ( ) any mistakes during my past five years of service here.A. would I makeB. I did makeC. did I makeD. I would make 3.I would ( )alone to think about these problems.A. like to be leftB. like to leaveC. have liked to be leftD. have liked to leave4.I thoroughly enjoyed the concert last night. It was ( ) entertaining than I had expected.A. farB. very muchC. far moreD. very more5.( ) to the dinner party, he went to a movie to kill time.A. Not to be invitedB. Not having been invitedC. Having not been invitedD. Not having invited6.But for the storm we ( ) earlier.A. arrivedB. had arrivedC. would have arrivedD. should arrive7.Tom,Jack and Fred ( )reported having seen UFOs.A. eachB. all of themC. eitherD. neither8.Refrigerators have made( ) possible to store food for long periods.A. thatB. itC. whichD. this9.The result is that they talk around the point, putting all the pieces in place ( ) the crucial one.A. besidesB. apart fromC. exceptD. in addition to10.The travellers ( )their journey after a short break.A. recoveredB. renewedC. resumedD. restoredⅡ.Complete the sentences with a word derived from the one in bracket. Write answers on the Answer Sheet:(5%)1.The book published in 1962 _____ into the public consciousness.(explosive)2.Nearly every proposal for a new power plant, highway, or airport draws fierce _____.(oppose)3.Even if you haven’t uncovered the reason, you sho uld begin to make firm _____.(decide)4._____ clothes was not easy in those days.(washable)5.She wrote about the sea in formal _____ reports.(academy)Ⅲ.Choose the correct paraphrasing of the underlined part of the following sentences, then write your right letter on the Answer Sheet:(10%)1.Our home had little contact with Gentiles.A. Our family had nothing to do with Gentiles.B. Our family had little in common with Gentiles.C. Our family were not in touch with Gentiles.D. Our family got in touch with Gentiles.2.Now,the question is: do you pay up or stand by your principle? A. pay the bribe or stick to your principle and don’t pay the money?B. spend money or refuse to pay the money?C. pay all the money most willingly or stay ready for your principle?D. keep your promise to pay some money or break your promise not to pay any money?3.As a man, I didn’t count any more.A.I no longer relied on anyone.B.I refused to consider anything any more.C.I was no longer of any value.D.I never did accounts any more.4.Mr Fotheringag struggled to get to his feet in vain...A. did uselessly to put his feet into shoesB. tried every hard to stand up but failedC. did his best to raise his feet but without successD. tried every possible means to stand at ease5.When the woman placed it on her shoulders, it covered her completely.A. put the bag over her shoulders, it fully submerged her.B. laid the bag across her shoulders, it hid her.C. carried the bag with her shoulders, it hurt her.D. loaded the bag on her shoulders, it spread over her completely.Ⅳ.Put suitable prepositions or adverbs in the blanks on the Answer Sheet:(10%)1.The young man hated to be a burden on his parents; he wanted to stand _____ his own two feet.2.He was leaning _____ the wall, turning the matter over in his mind.3.The man fell head _____ heels to the bottom of the staircase.4.The thief quickly made _____ the window when he heard someone approaching.5.This is something we can only talk about _____ private.Our boss has been accused of taking bribes.6.Colin cleared his throat and was going to read Henry’s will. Everyone settled _____ and waited silently.7.The investigation is getting _____ way and the public is anticipating the result.8.The lady tried on over a dozen dresses in the shop but left _____ buying any.9.We should keep ourselves _____ to date with the latest developments in the information industry.10.Do n’t forget to take the weather _____ account when you plan the outing.Ⅴ.Cloze:(20%)Complete the passage by putting in the blanks the corrtect choice. Write your right letter on the Answer Sheet:With 400 pounds packed on her 5-foot-5 1 ,Mary Simms felt so fat and 2 that she wanted to divorce the husband she loved.But he refused to leave. So Mary decided 3 herself into a woman he could be proud of. And today, after a 262-pound weight 4 ,she’s a different woman!“I feel beautiful－my dream ha s come true at last!” Mary,41,told the ENQUIRER.“My husband is so proud of me he can’t wait 5 .”Mary, of St.Augustine, Fla., said she hated herself and her life when she was6 .Many nights she was so miserable she cried until dawn. and even ordinary events7 into nightmares.“Once I was in a grocery store, 8 food. I have seven children, so I had quite 9 in my shopping cart. Suddenly a woman in the check-out 10 behind me－a perfect stranger－tapped me 11 and said ‘You don’t need all that food. You’re 12 .’I wanted 13 into a hole and die.”“Once 14 the beach, someone pointed at me and said, ’Kill the whale.’ You can’t15 how these cruel com ments 16 me.”17 to lose weight, Mary tried 18 over these years. She went on a near starvation diet and started losing weight. In 1984,she had a stomach stapling operation 19 the size the stomach was reduced. Said Mary:“In the first month I lost almost 50 pounds. And today－two and a half years later－I’m a fit 138.My 20 is to reach 125 pounds.”1. A. shoulder B. figure C. feature D. frame2. A. unattracting B. unattractive C. unaffected D. unaffecting3. A. to remake B. reborn C. recreate D. to reproduce4. A. lose B. loose C. loss D. lost5. A. to show me off B. to show me outC. to show me aroundD. to show me in6. A. fleshy B. stout C. fat D. thin7. A. went B. turned C. got D. fell8. A. buying for B. taking C. shopping D. shopping for9. A. a burden B. a load C. a weight D. a grocery10. A. line B. row C. column D. group11. A. in the head B. in the face C. on the shoulder D. in the arm12. A. very fat B. fairly fat C. quite fat D. fat enough13. A. to climb B. to fall C. to crawl D. to drop14. A. in the trip to B. in the trip of C. on a trip to D. on a trip of15. A. fancy B. imagine C. think D. guess16. A. injure B. harm C. damage D. hurt17. A. Desperate B. Despair C. Hopeless D. Discourage18. A. a lot of food B. a lot of dietsC. a lot of drugsD. a lot of nutrition19. A. on which B. for which C. in which D. with which20. A. direction B. goal C. target D. objectⅥ.Read the following passages and complete the statements or answer the questions with the correct choice. Write your right letter on the Answer Sheet:(20%) Passage 1Time was—and not so many years ago, either—when the average citizen took a pretty dim view of banks and banking. That this was so, it should be said, was to no small extent the fault of banks and bankers themselves. Banks used to be—and a few still are—forbidding structures. Behind the little barred windows were, more often than not, elderly gentlemen whose expression of friendliness showed the size of the customer’s account, and nothing less than a few hundred thousand in the bank could have inspired the suggestion of a smile.And yet the average bank for many years was, to the average citizen, a fearful, if necessary, instrument for dealing business—usually big business. But somewhere in the past quarter century, banks began to grow human, even pleasant, and started to attract the little man. It is possible that this movement began in medium-sized towns, or in small towns where people know each other by their first names, and spread to big towns, at any rate, the results have b een remarkable. The movement to “humanize” banks, of course, received a big push during the war, when more and more women were hired to do work previously performed by men. Also more and more “little” people found themselves in need of personal loans, as taxes became heavier and as the practice of installment(分期付款) buying broke down the previously long-held view that there was something almost morally wrong about being in debt. All sorts of people began to discover that the wise use of credit(信用卡) could be extremelyhelpful.1.The author believes that the unfriendly atmosphere in banks many years ago was chiefly due to _____.A. unfriendliness of customers toward banksB. the outer appearance of bank buildingsC. economic pressure of the timeD. the attitude of bankers2.The banks of many years ago showed interest only in _____.A. regular visitorsB. elderly gentlemenC. friendly businessmenD. rich customers3.When did banks begin to grow human?A. During the war.B. A few years ago.C. Some time before the war.D. In the last century.4.What helped to push the “humanization” of banks?A. More and more “little” people became customers of banks.B. The elderly gentlemen in banks were replaced by women.C. Most banks were set up in small and medium-sized towns.D. The size of the customer’s account was greatly increased.5.Average people seldom borrowed money from banks in the past because _____.A. the bank buildings looked forbiddingB. they were comparatively rich before the warC. they rarely spent more than they could earnD. they thought it was not proper to be in debtPassage 2The Gulf War changed the lives of ordinary people, many of whom lived far from Kuwait or Iraq. In this eight-part series, correspondents visit individuals and families who have had to alter completely their plans and life styles as a result of the war.We hear, for example, from an Iraqi Kurdish family who escaped across the snow-covered mountains to Turkey, losing everything they had accumulated over more than 20 years. John Renner visits them in their small tent in the heat and dust of a refugee camp where they are desperately hoping that some Western country will offer them shelter.There is a Palestinian family which lived and worked in Kuwait and cannot return. They have lost friends, family, their living and a way of life. And what about the US serviceman and his family who had heard little about Kuwait before the invasion? Do they think it worthwhile and how easy was it to fit back into their old routine(日常事务) after their experiences of the war?John Renner meets an Asian maid who worked in the Gulf and supported her family at home with her salary. Is she thinking of going back, or has she been put off by the experience of escaping and the horror stories of exploitation(剥削) in Kuwait?These are just some of the people who are heard in the series which are produced by Lindsey Hilsum.6.Which is the best suggested title?A.A Just WarB.A War, Worthless and MeaninglessC.A War, Doubted but RewardingD. After the War Was Over7.This is an introduction to _____.A. a filmB. a TV programC. a bookD. a radio program8.The program consists of _____ series and a number of interviews with _____.A. eight, different individuals and familiesB. four, some individuals who escaped from KuwaitC. eight, U.S.servicemanD. four, some Kurdish families9.John Renner is _____.A. a U.S. servicemanB. a correspondentC. a producerD. a Kuwait worker10.Which of the following implications is NOT true?A. People have to adjust themselves to suit the new routine of their life.B. People who have experienced the War have difficulty in returning to their old style of lifeC. The War has only had some physical effect on the people involved.D. The War has cast a big shadow over peop le’s hearts.Passage 3Between 1977 and 1981,three groups of American women, numbering 27 inall,between the ages of 35 and 65,were given month-long tests to determine how they would respond to conditions resembling those aboard the space shuttle(航天飞机).Though carefully selected from among many applicants, the women were volunteers(志愿者) and pay was barely above the minimum wage. They were not permitted to smoke or drinkalcohol during the tests, and they were expected to tolerate each other’s company at clo se quarters for the entire period. Among other things, they had to stand pressure three times the force of gravity and carry out both physical and mental tasks while tired from hard physical exercise. At the end of ten days, they had to spend a further twenty days absolutely confined to bed, during which time they suffered backaches and other discomforts and when they were finally allowed up, the more physically active women were especially subject to pains due to a slight calcium(钙) loss.Results of the tests suggest that women will have significant virtues over men in space. They need less food and less oxygen and they stand up to radiation better. Men’s virtues in terms of strength and vigor meanwhile, are virtually wiped out by the zero-gravity condition in space.11.Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?A. The women were tested once a year from 1977 to 1981.B. The women involved had had previous physical fitnees trainingC. The tests were not carried out aboard the space shuttle.D. The tests were carried out on women of all ages.12.Which would be the most suitable title for the passage?A. Older Women, too, Can Travel in SpaceB. Tests Show Women Suited for Space TravelC. Poor Wages for Women Space-Test VolunteersD. Space Testing Causes Backaches in Women13.What can be said about the women who applied?A. They chose to participate in the tests.B. There were anxious to give up either smoking or drinking.C. They had previously earned the minimum wage.D. There were 27 in all.14.According to the passage, physical and mental tasks were carried out by the women _____.A. prior to strenuous exerciseB. after they were subjected to unusual pressureC. before they were subjected to unusual pressureD. following strenuous exercise15.Which of the following is suggested as being least useful in space?A. High resistance to radiation.B. Low food intake.C. Unusual strength.D. Low Oxygen intake.Passage 4George Washington Carver showed that plant life was more than just food for anima ls and humans. Carver’s first step was to study plant parts to find out what they were made of. He then combined these simpler isolated substances with other substances to create new products.The branch of chemistry that studies and finds ways to use raw materials from farm products to make industrial products is called chemurgy. Carver was one of the first and greatest chemurgists of all time. Today, the science of chemurgy is better known as the science of synthetics(人造合成).Each day people depend on and use synthetic materials made from raw materials. All his life Carver battled against the disposal of waste materials, and warned of the growing need to develop substitutes(替代品)for the natural substances being used up by humans.Carver never cared about getting credit(荣誉) for the new products he created. He never tried to patent(申请专利) hisdiscoveries or get wealthy from them. He turned down many offers to leave Tuskegee Institute to become a rich scientist in private industry. Thomas Edison, inventor of the electric light, offered him a laboratory in Detroit to carry out food research. When the United States government made him a collaborator(合作者) in the Mycology and Plant Disease Survey of the Department of Agriculture, he accepted the position with the under standing that he wouldn’t have to leave Tuskegee. An authority on plant diseases—especially of the fungus variety—Carver sent hundreds of specimens to the United States Department of Agriculture. At the peak of his carreer, Carver’s fame and influence were known on every continent.16.The passage is mainly concerned with _____.A. the use of plants as a source of nutritionB. the research conducted at Tuskegee InstituteC. the progress of the science of syntheticsD. the work and career of George Washington Carver17.In Line 2,the word “step” could best be replaced by _____.A. footprintB. actionC. scaleD. stair18.According to the passage, chemurgy can be defined as the _____.A. development of industrial products from farm productsB. research on chemistry of the soilC. study of the relationship between sunlight and energyD. combination of chemistry and metallurgy19.The author mentions Thomas Edison’s offer to Carver in order to _____.A. contrast Edison’s contribution with that of CarverB. por tray the wealth of one of Carver’s competitorsC. illu strate one of Carver’s many opportunitiesD. describe Carver’s dependence on industrial support20.Which of the following is NOT discussed in the passage as work done by Carver?A. Research on electricityB. Analysis of plant partsC. Invention of new productsD. Research on plant diseasesⅦ.Translate the following into English with words or phrases given in brackets, and then write your sentences on the Answer Sheet:(25%)1.如果你不按照教授的指导去做，你的实验注定要失败。
全国2004年4月高等教育自学考试综合英语（二）试题5
Passage 2It was unfortunate that, after so trouble-free an arrival, he should stumble(磕绊) in the dark as he was rising and severely twist his ankle on a piece of rock. After the first shock the pain became bearable, and he gathered up his parachute(降落伞) before limping into the trees to hide it as best as he could. The hard ground and the deep darkness made it almost impossible to do this efficiently. The pine needles lay several inches deep, so he simply piled them on top of the parachute, cutting the short twigs that he could feel around his legs, and spreading them on top of the needles. He was not sure if it would stay buried, but he could do nothing else about it.After limping for some distance from his parachute he began to make his way downhill through the trees. He had to find out where he was, and then decide what to do next. But walking downhill on a rapidly swelling ankle soon proved to be almost beyond his power. He dragged his legs with increasing difficulty, walking in long side-way movements across the slope, which meant taking more steps but less painful ones. By the time he cleared the trees and reached the valley, day was breaking. Mist hung in soft sheets across the fields. Small cottages and farm houses grouped around a village church, the spire(尖顶) on its top pointing high into the cold winter air to greet the morning.“I can’t go much further,” John Harding thought. “Someone is bound to find me. What can I do? I must get a rest before I go on. They’ll look for me high up there in the mountains where the plane crashed. I bet they’re out looking for it already. They’re sure to find the chute in the end. So they’ll know I wasn’t killed and must be somewhere. They’ll think I’m hiding up there in the trees and rocks and look for me there. I’ll go down to the village. If I’m lucky my foot will be good enough by the evening and I can manage to get to the border.”He could hear the faint echoes of voices far above him on the mountainside, startling him after great silence. Looking up, he saw lights like pinpoints moving across the face of the mountain in the gray light. The road was deserted, and he struggled along, still almost invisible in the first light, easing his aching foot wherever he could, avoiding stones and rough places, and limping quietly and painfully towards the village. He reached the church at last. A great need for peace almost drew him inside, but he knew that would not do , Instead, he limped along its walls towards a very old building a short distance from the church. It seemed to have stood there forever, as if it had grown out of the hillside. It had the same air of timelessness as the church. John Harding pushed open the heavy wooden door and slipped inside.56. In spite of his bad ankle Harding was able toA. walk in a direction that was less steep.B. bear the pain without changing direction.C. bury his parachute perfectly in a safe place.D. check the surroundings and locate where he was.57. Why was his attention drawn to the mountain again?A. He was surprised to notice some torches moving around.B. He was astonished to hear some voices far away.C. He could see the searcher’s faces in spite of the poor light.D. He could feel a shower of small rocks falling from above.58. Which of the following do you think John Harding was?A. An escaped prisoner trying to hide away.B. A criminal on the run from the police.C. An airman landing in an enemy country area.D. A spy in search of an important person.59. Harding’s plan wasA. to cross the border as soon as possible.B. to rest in the church as long as he could.C. to have his injured foot treated.D. to stay in the village for the day.60. We can tell from the story thatA. Harding had a cool head in emergency.B. Harding was strongly against war.C. the plane crash took place at dawn.D. it was unwise to bury the chute。
2004考研英语二真题及答案
2004考研英语二真题及答案Section I Use of EnglishDirections：Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)Many theories concerning the causes of juvenile delinquency (crimes committed by young people) focus either on the individual or on society as the major contributing influence. Theories 1 on the individual suggest that children engage in criminal behavior 2 they were not sufficiently penalized for previous misdeeds or that they have learned criminal behavior through 3 with others. Theories focusing on the role of society suggest that children commit crimes in 4 to their failure to rise above their socioeconomic status, 5 as a rejection of middle-class values.Most theories of juvenile delinquency have focused on children from disadvantaged families, 6 the fact that children from wealthy homes also commit crimes. The latter may commit crimes 7 lack of adequate parental control. All theories, however, are tentative and are 8 to criticism.Changes in the social structure may indirectly 9 juvenile crime rates. For example, changes in the economy that 10 to fewer job opportunities for youth and rising unemployment 11 make gainful employment increasingly difficult to obtain. The resulting discontent may in 12 lead more youths into criminal behavior.Families have also 13 changes these years. More families consist of one-parent households or two working parents; 14 ，children are likely to have less supervision at home 15 was common in the traditional family 16 . This lack of parental supervision is thought to be an influence on juvenile crime rates. Other 17 causes of offensive acts include frustration or failure in school, the increased 18 of drugs and alcohol, and the growing 19 of child abuse and child neglect. All these conditions tend to increase the probability of a child committing a criminal act, 20 a direct causal relationship has not yet been established.1. [A] acting [B] relying [C] centering [D] commenting2. [A] before [B] unless [C] until [D] becaus3. [A] interaction [B] assimilation [C] cooperation [D] consultation4. [A] return [B] reply [C] reference [D] response5. [A] or [B] but rather [C] but [D] or else6. [A] considering [B] ignoring [C] highlighting [D] discarding7. [A] on [B] in [C] for [D] with8. [A] immune [B] resistant [C] sensitive [D] subject9. [A] affect [B] reduce [C] chock [D] reflect10. [A] point [B] lead [C] come [D] amount11. [A] in general [B] on average [C] by contrast [D] at length12. [A] case [B] short [C] turn [D] essence13. [A] survived [B] noticed [C] undertaken [D] experienced14.[A] contrarily [B] consequently [C] similarly [D] simultaneously15. [A] than [B] that [C] which [D] as16. [A] system [B] structure [C] concept [D] heritage17. [A] assessable [B] identifiable [C] negligible [D] incredible18. [A] expense [B] restriction [C] allocation [D] availability19. [A] incidence [B] awareness [C] exposure [D] popularity20. [A] provided [B] since [C] although [D] supposingSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing [A], [B], [C] or [D]. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text 1Hunting for a job late last year, lawyer Gant Redmon stumbled across CareerBuilder, a job database on the Internet. He searched it with no success but was attracted by the site’s “personal search agent〞. It’s an interactive feature that lets visitors key in job criteria such as location, title, and salary, then E-mails them when a matching position is posted in the database. Redmon chose the keywords legal, intellectual property and Washington, D.C. Three weeks later, he got his first notification of an opening. “I struck gold,〞 says Redmon, who E-mailed his resume to the employer and won a position as in-house counsel for a company.With thousands of career-related sites on the Internet, finding promising openings can he time-consuming and inefficient. Search agents reduce the need for repeated visits to the databases. But although a search agent worked for Redmon, career experts see drawbacks. Narrowing your criteria, for example, may work against you: “Every time you answer a question you eliminate a possibility,〞 says one expert.For any job search, you should start with a narrow concept—what you think you want to do—then broaden it. “None of these programs do that,〞 says another expert. “There’s no career counseling implicit in all of this.〞 Instead, the best strategy is to use the agent as a kind of tip service to keep abreast of jobs in a particular database; when you get E-mail, consider it a reminder to check the database again. “I would not rely on agents for finding everything that is added to a database that might interest me,〞 says the author of a job-searching guide.Some sites design their agents to tempt job hunters to return. When CareerSite’s agent sends out messages to those who have signed up for its service, for example, it includes only three potential jobs—those it considers the best matches. There may be more matches in the database; job hunters will have to visit the site again to find them—and they do. “On the day after we send our messages, we see a sharp increase in our traffic,〞says Seth Peets, vice president of marketing for CareerSite.Even those who aren’t hunting for jobs may find search agents worthwhile. Some use them to keep a close watch on the demand for their line of work or gather information on compensation to arm themselves when negotiating for a raise. Although happily employed, Redmon maintains his agent at CareerBuilder. “You always keep your eyes open,〞 he says. Working with a personal search agent means having another set of eyes looking out for you.21. How did Redmon find his job?[A] By searching openings in a job database. [B] By posting a matching position in a database.[C] By using a special service of a database. [D] By E-mailing his resume to a database.22. Which of the following can be a disadvantage of search agents?[A] Lack of counseling. [B] Limited number of visits.[C] Lower efficiency. [D] Fewer successful matches.23. The expression “tip service〞 (Line 4, Paragraph 3) most probably means[A] advisory. [B] compensation.[C] interaction. [D] reminder.24. Why does CareerSite’s agent offer each job hunter only three job options?[A] To focus on better job matches. [B] To attract more returning visits.[C] To reserve space for more messages. [D] To increase the rate of success.25. Which of the following is true according to the text?[A] Personal search agents are indispensable to job-hunters.[B] Some sites keep E-mailing job seekers to trace their demands.[C] Personal search agents are also helpful to those already employed.[D] Some agents stop sending information to people once they are employed.Text 2Over the past century, all kinds of unfairness and discrimination have been condemned or made illegal. But one insidious form continues to thrive: alphabetism. This, for those as yet unaware of such a disadvantage, refers to discrimination against those whose surnames begin with a letter in the lower half of the alphabet.It has long been known that a taxi firm called AAAA cars has a big advantage over Zodiac cars when customers thumb through their phone directories. Less well known is the advantage that Adam Abbott has in life over Zoë Zysman. English names are fairly evenly spread between the halves of the alphabet. Yet a suspiciously large number of top people have surnames beginning with letters between A and K.Thus the American president and vice-president have surnames starting with B and C respectively; and 26 of George Bush’s predecessors (including his father) had surnames in the first half of the alphabet against just 16 in the second half. Even more striking, six of the seven heads of government of the G7 rich countries are alphabetically advantaged (Berlusconi, Blair, Bush, Chirac, Chrétien and Koizumi). The world’s three top central bankers (Greenspan, Duisenberg and Hayami) are all close to the top of the alphabet, even if one of them really uses Japanese characters. As are the world's five richest men (Gates, Buffett, Allen, Ellison and Albrecht).Can this merely be coincidence? One theory, dreamt up in all the spare time enjoyed by the alphabetically disadvantaged, is that the rot sets in early. At the start of the first year in infant school, teachers seat pupils alphabetically from the front, to make it easier to remember their names. So short-sighted Zysman junior gets stuck in the back row, and is rarely asked the improving questions posed by those insensitive teachers. At the time the alphabetically disadvantaged may think they have had a lucky escape. Yet the result may be worse qualifications, because they get less individual attention, as well as less confidence in speaking publicly.The humiliation continues. At university graduation ceremonies, the ABCs proudly get their awards first; by the time they reach the Zysmans most people are literally having a ZZZ. Shortlists for job interviews, election ballot papers, lists of conference speakers and attendees: all tend to be drawn up alphabetically, and their recipients lose interest as they plough through them.26. What does the author intend to illustrate with AAAA cars and Zodiac cars?[A] A kind of overlooked inequality. [B] A type of conspicuous bias.[C] A type of personal prejudice. [D] A kind of brand discrimination.27. What can we infer from the first three paragraphs?[A] In both East and West, names are essential to success.[B] The alphabet is to blame for the failure of Zoë Zysman.[C] Customers often pay a lot of attention to companies’ names.[D] Some form of discrimination is too subtle to recognize.28. The 4th paragraph suggests that .[A] questions are often put to the more intelligent students[B] alphabetically disadvantaged students often escape from class[C] teachers should pay attention to all of their students[D] students should be seated according to their eyesight29. What does the author mean by “most people are literally having a ZZZ〞 (Lines 2-3, Paragraph 5)?[A] They are getting impatient. [B] They are noisily dozing off.[C] They are feeling humiliated. [D] They are busy with word puzzles.30. Which of the following is true according to the text?[A] People with surnames beginning with N to Z are often ill-treated.[B] VIPs in the Western world gain a great deal from alphabetism.[C] The campaign to eliminate alphabetism still has a long way to go.[D] Putting things alphabetically may lead to unintentional bias.Text 3When it comes to the slowing economy, Ellen Spero isn't biting her nails just yet. But the 47-year-old manicurist isn't cutting, filing or polishing as many nails as she'd like to, either. Most of her clients spend $12 to $50 weekly, but last month two longtime customers suddenly stopped showing up. Spero blames the softening economy. “I'm a good economic indicator,〞 she says. “I provide a service that people can do without when they're concerned about saving some dollars.〞 So Spero is downscaling, shopping at middle-brow Dillard's department store near her suburban Cleveland home, instead of Neiman Marcus. “I don't know if other clients are going to abandon me, too,〞 she says.Even before Alan Greenspan's admission that America's red-hot economy is cooling, lots of working folks had already seen signs of the slowdown themselves. From car dealerships to Gap outlets, sales have been lagging for months as shoppers temper their spending. For retailers, who last year took in 24 percent of their revenue between Thanksgiving and Christmas, the cautious approach is coming at a crucial time. Already, experts say, holiday sales are off 7 percent from last year's pace. But don't sound any alarms just yet. Consumers seem only mildly concerned, not panicked, and many say they remain optimistic about the economy's long-term prospects even as they do some modest belt-tightening.Consumers say they're not in despair because, despite the dreadful headlines, their own fortunes still feel pretty good. Home prices are holding steady in most regions. In Manhattan, “there's a new gold rush happening in the $4 million to $10 million range, predominantly fed by Wall Street bonuses,〞 says broker Barbara Corcoran. In San Francisco, prices are still rising even as frenzied overbidding quiets. “Instead of 20 to 30 offers, now maybe you only get two or three," says John Tealdi, a Bay Area real-estate broker. And most folks still feel pretty comfortable about their ability to find and keep a job.Many folks see silver linings to this slowdown. Potential home buyers would cheer for lower interest rates. Employers wouldn't mind a little fewer bubbles in the job market. Many consumers seem to have been influenced by stock-market swings, which investors now view as a necessary ingredient to a sustained boom. Diners might see an upside, too. Getting a table at Manhattan's hot new Alain Ducasse restaurant used to be impossible. Not anymore. For that, Greenspan & Co. may still be worth toasting.31. By “Ellen Spero isn’t biting her nails just yet〞 (Line 1, Paragraph 1), the author means_____.[A] Spero can hardly maintain her business. [B] Spero is too much engaged in her work.[C] Spero has grown out of her bad habit. [D] Spero is not in a desperate situation.32. How do the public feel about the current economic situation?[A] Optimistic. [B] Confused. [C] Carefree. [D] Panicked.33. When mentioning “the $4 million to $10 million range〞(Lines 3, Paragraph 3), the author is talking about _______[A] gold market. [B] real estate. [C] stock exchange. [D] venture investment.34. Why can many people see “silver linings〞 to the economic slowdown?[A] They would benefit in certain ways. [B] The stock market shows signs of recovery.[C] Such a slowdown usually precedes a boom. [D] The purchasing power would be enhanced.35. To which of the following is the author likely to agree?[A] A new boom, on the horizon. [B] Tighten the belt, the single remedy.[C] Caution all right, panic not. [D] The more ventures, the more chances.Text 4Americans today don't place a very high value on intellect. Our heroes are athletes, entertainers, and entrepreneurs, not scholars. Even our schools are where we send our children to get a practical education—not to pursue knowledge for the sake of knowledge. Symptoms of pervasive anti-intellectualism in our schools aren't difficult to find.“Schools have always been in a society where practical is more important than intellectual,〞says education writer Diane Ravitch. “Schools could be a counterbalance.〞 Ravitch's latest book. Left Back: A Century of Failed School Reforms, traces the roots of anti-intellectualism in our schools, concluding they are anything but a counterbalance to the American distaste for intellectual pursuits.But they could and should be. Encouraging kids to reject the life of the mind leaves them vulnerable to exploitation and control. Without the ability to think critically, to defend their ideas and understand the ideas of others, they cannot fully participate in our democracy. Continuing along this path, says writer Earl Shorris, “We will become a second-rate country. We will have a less civil society.〞“Intellect is resented as a form of power or privilege,〞 writes historian and professor Richard Hofstadter in Anti-intellectualism in American Life, a Pulitzer-Prize winning book on the roots of anti-intellectualism in US politics, religion, and education. From the beginning of our history, says Hofstadter, our democratic and populist urges have driven us to reject anything that smells of elitism. Practicality, common sense, and native intelligence have been considered more noble qualities than anything you could learn from a book.Ralph Waldo Emerson and other Transcendentalist philosophers thought schooling and rigorous book learning put unnatural restraints on children: “We are shut up in schools and college recitation rooms for 10 or 15 years and come out at last with a bellyful of words and do not know a thing.〞Mark Twain's Huckleberry Finn exemplified American anti-intellectualism. Its hero avoids being civilized—going to school and learning to read—so he can preserve his innate goodness.Intellect, according to Hofstadter, is different from native intelligence, a quality we reluctantly admire. Intellect is the critical, creative, and contemplative side of the mind. Intelligence seeks to grasp, manipulate, re-order, and adjust, while intellect examines, ponders, wonders, theorizes, criticizes, and imagines.School remains a place where intellect is mistrusted. Hofstadter says our country's educational system is in the grips of people who “joyfully and militantly proclaim their hostility to intellect and their eagerness to identify with children who show the least intellectual promise.〞36. What do American parents expect their children to acquire in school?[A] The habit of thinking independently. [B] Profound knowledge of the world.[C] Practical abilities for future career. [D] The confidence in intellectual pursuits.37. We can learn from the text that Americans have a history of________.[A] undervaluing intellect. [B] favoring intellectualism.[C] supporting school reform. [D] suppressing native intelligence.38. The views of Raviteh and Emerson on schooling are ______.[A] identical. [B] similar. [C] complementary. [D] opposite.39. Emerson, according to the text, is probably _________.[A] a pioneer of education reform. [B] an opponent of intellectualism.[C] a scholar in favor of intellect. [D] an advocate of regular schooling.40. What does the author think of intellect?[A] It is second to intelligence. [B] It evolves from common sense.[C] It is to be pursued. [D] It underlies powerPart BDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)The relation of language and mind has interested philosophers for many centuries.(41) The Greeks assumed that the structure of language had some connection with the process of thought, which took root in Europe long before people realized how diverselanguages could be.Only recently did linguists begin the serious study of languages that were very different from their own. Two anthropologist-linguists, Franz Boas and Edward Sapir, were pioneers in describing many native languages of North and South America during the first half of the twentieth century. (42) We are obliged to them because some of these languages have since vanished, as the peoples who spoke them died out or became assimilated and lost their native languages. Other linguists in the earlier part of this century, however, who were less eager to deal with bizarre data from “exotic〞 language, were not always so grateful. (43) The newly described languages were often so strikingly different from the well studied languages of Europe and Southeast Asia that some scholars even accused Boas and Sapir of fabricating their data. Native American languages are indeed different, so much so in fact that Navajo could be used by the US military as a code during World War II to send secret messages.Sapir’s pupil, Benjamin Lee Whorf, continued the study of American Indian languages.(44) Being interested in the relationship of language and thought, Whorf developed the idea that the structure of language determines the structure of habitual thought in a society. He reasoned that because it is easier to formulate certain concepts and not others in a given language, the speakers of that language think along one track and not along another. (45) Whorf came to believe in a sort of linguistic determinism which, in its strongest form, states that language imprisons the mind, and that the grammatical patterns in a language can produce far-reaching consequences for the culture of a society. Later, this idea became to be known as the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis, but this term is somewhat inappropriate. Although both Sapir and Whorf emphasized the diversity of languages, Sapir himself never explicitly supported the notion of linguistic determinism.Section III Writing46. Directions：Study the following drawing carefully and write an essay in which you should1. describe the drawing，2. interpret its meaning, and3. support your view with examples.You should write about 200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2 (20 points)。
2004年4月自考英语二试题及答案
2004年4自考英语二试卷PART ONEI. Vocabulary and Structure (10 points, 1 point for each item)从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。
1. conclusion, walking is a cheap, safe and enjoyable form of exercise.A. InB. OnC. ByD. As2. Julie went to the to buy a pair of shoes.A. shoes storeB. shoe’s storeC. shoe storeD. shoes’ store3. He has called a meeting of all parties with a to forming a new government.A. purposeB. reasonC. viewD. goal4. Gazing into his eyes, she seemed to have all he said.A. taken upB. taken overC. taken offD. taken in5. In every major city there are more apartments than there are homeless people.A. blankB. vacantC. emptyD. bare6. Very few people understood this contract, was very obscure.A. the languageB. the language of whichC. all it saidD. which it had said7. Five minutes earlier, we may have caught the gunman.A. andB. butC. orD. so8. They claim that $150 million is to be spent on improvement.A. sufficientlyB. approximatelyC. considerablyD. properly9. I’m supposed to work by myself, there are other people who I can interact with.A. If onlyB. So long asC. Even ifD. As far as10. These two areas are similar that they both have a high rainfall during summer.A. exceptB. soC. nowD. inII. Cloze Test (10 points, 1 point for each item) 下列短文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项。
英语二2004年考研真题
英语二2004年考研真题随着全球化的发展和各国交流的增加，英语已经成为了国际间的通用语言。
因此，英语能力对于人们的职业发展和国际交流至关重要。
英语二是考研中的一门英语考试科目，下面我们将对2004年的英语二考研真题进行分析和解答。
Passage OneQuestions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage.Through all the long years of their history, the Dutch have been pioneers of a kind, entering new lands to live off what they could grow, rear or catch. But with more than four-fifths of the Netherlands reclaimed from the sea, the Dutch leaders are once again looking overseas for ways to satisfy their people’s needs. The result may be a new chapter in Dutch history, today’s Food Valley, a network of high-tech companies, food institutions and research institutes extending outwards from the Wageningen Agricultural University, near the Rhine between Amsterdam and Arnhem.The attraction for foreign investors lies in the sheer (全部的) concentration of centres of expertise linked to food and food production. “The Food Valley area is unique in Europe, with all the knowledge chain in place, from lab (实验室) to plate (盘子). We have everything here. We produce our own knowledge and can do it quickly,” says Willem Bettink, the director of Food Valley. “We’ve got a lot of good things going on here and they are being well publicized.”At the heart of the Food Valley is the Wageningen Agricultural University, with links to companies and research institutes worldwide. Established in 1918, it was originally set up to train agricultural scientists for Dutch plantations in the East Indies, but the focus quickly changed when the East Indies gained independence in 1945. The university is now a leading centre of agricultural research and knowledge transfer. In the post-war years, as Europe was coming to terms with the consequences of the war, it was decided that food production and self-sufficiency in food w as of the nation’s strategic importance. With the Cold War, fear of trade disruption and, since then, fears of over reliance on food imports have been a constant worry.As one of Holland’s top institutions, Wageningen University has an international reputation equal to that of Oxford or Cambridge. The university currently has 5,000 students and 2,000 researchers. Little wonder then that among people in the food industry, the Netherlands is often listed alongside Denmark and Switzerland as one of the world’s top food-exporting countries in terms of its share of GDP, the quality and variety of what it produces, and the international link between researchers and entrepreneurs.1. What does the author mean by saying “the Dutch have been pioneers of a kind” (Line 1)A) The Dutch are a kind of pioneers.B) The Dutch have pioneered new ways of living.C) The Dutch are the ancestors of pioneers.D) The Dutch have been doing pioneering work.2. What does the author say about the Netherlands in the first paragraph? (Lines 2-4)A) The Netherlands has a long history of living off of the land.B) The Netherlands has recently begun to satisfy its own needs.C) The Netherlands is looking overseas for ways to make more land.D) The Netherlands is a country of pioneers.3. According to the passage, what is the Food Valley area in the Netherlands? (Lines 8-9)A) It is a place in the Netherlands with a lot of food.B) It is a place where the Netherlands grows all of its own food.C) It is a place where the Netherlands produces and studies food.D) It is a place where the Netherlands and other countries have linked up.4. How does the director of Food Valley describe his institutions? (Lines 10-12)A) As a leading provider of food in Europe.B) As the best lab in Europe.C) As a useful place to buy food.D) As having everything needed to study food.5. According to the passage, why was the Wageningen University originally set up? (Lines 16-18)A) To grow food for Dutch people.B) To train people to grow food in Dutch plantations.C) To train people to grow food in the East Indies.D) To train people to study agriculture.解析1. D) The Dutch have been doing pioneering work.通过历史可以看出，荷兰人做了一些先驱性的工作，到新的土地上生活，靠自己种植、养殖或捕捞。
自考英语二历年真题及答案_(2004年-2012年)
2004年4月自考英语（二）试题2005年4月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试英语（二）试卷及答案（课程代码：00015）PART ONE （50 POINTS）Ⅰ.Vocabulary and Structure (10 points, 1 point for each item)从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。
1.Would’t you rather your child ______ successful with his study and won the scholarship?A. becameB. becomeC. would becomeD. becomes2. Although Tom is satisfied with his academic achievement, he wonders _______will happen to his family life.A. itB. thatC. whatD. this3. We hope that all the measures against sandstorms, ________ was put forward by the committee, will be considered seriously at the meeting .A. whileB. afterC. sinceD. as4. We cannot leave this tough job to a person_________.A. who nobody has confidenceB. in whom nobody has confidenceC. for whom nobody has confidenceD. who everyone has confidence of5. You are the best for the job _____ you apply your mind to it .A. untilB. if onlyC. in caseD. unless6.Hey, leave _____!I hate people touching my hair.A. behindB. outC. offD. over7.I thought the problem of water shortage would ________ at the meeting but nobody mentioned it.A. come upB. come up toC. come overD. come to8.Mr.Smith , can I ________ you for a minute? I’d like to hear your opinion on this issue.A. say a word withB. have words withC. mention a wordwith D. have a word with9.There is a deadlock (僵局) in the discussion when neither side gives ________ to the over .A. a wayB. wayC. the wayD. its way10. This type of desk and chair can be adjusted ________ theheight of students at different ages.A. withB. forC. toD. inⅡ.Cloze Test (10 points, 1 point for each item)下列短文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项。
2004年4月自考综合英语(二)试题试卷真题答案及解析
做试题,没答案?上自考365,网校名师为你详细解答!全国2004年4月高等教育自学考试综合英语（二）试题答案及解析课程代码：00795Ⅰ.语法、词汇。
用适当的词填空。
从A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出一个正确答案,并在答题纸上写上所选答案的字母。
(本大题共25小题,每小题1分,共25分)1题：正确选项为B。
因为：固定搭配为as much as 比较级结构, 表示“和…一样多”。
2题：正确选项为C。
因为：在河流、山川等名词前要加上定冠词。
3题：正确选项为D。
因为：表示“那些书”用those，参考句中over there一词。
4题：正确选项为C。
因为：为非限制性定语从句的用法，前面有逗号隔开。
5题：正确选项为A。
因为：due to表示“因为，由…引起”，常用于贬义；thanks to 表示“由于”，用于褒义；because和for后接从句。
6题：正确选项为D。
因为：此句应用过去将来时；表示一般将来时常用介词in引导出时间状语。
7题：正确选项为D。
因为：must have done表示对过去事情的肯定判断；should have done/ ought to have done表示本该做而没做之意；had to表示不得不。
8题：正确选项为B。
因为：suggest带宾语从句时，从句谓语要用虚拟语气（should）＋动词原形。
9题：正确选项为C。
因为：比较级的用法。
10题：正确选项为A。
因为：no sooner…(than）放在句首时要倒装, 一般都用过去完成时。
11题：正确选项为B。
因为：强调所有的和每一个; 另each不用来修饰one of…。
12题：正确选项为D。
因为：引导让步状语从句，用even though。
13题：正确选项为B。
因为：by the time常与过去将来完成时或一般将来完成时连用，根据题意应用后者。
14题：正确选项为C。
因为：miss表示“错过”，overlook表示“忽视”，ignore表示“对某人故意不理睬，不打招呼”，neglect表示“疏忽”。
2004年10月全国高等教育自学考试综合英语（二）试题
I. 词法、词汇。
⽤适当的词填空。
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出⼀个正确答案，并在答题纸上将所选答案的字母涂⿊。
（本⼤题共25⼩题，每⼩题1分，共 25分）Complete each of the following sentences with the most likely answer. （25 points） 1. Friendship is almost ______ union of a part of one mind with a part of another.A. /B. theC. aD. an 2. ______ a large collection of works of science in Chinese， this library also keeps many science books in foreign languages.A. ExceptB. Except forC. In reference toD. In addition to 3. It is not always easy to distinguish ______ words which look or sound alike or which have similar meanings.A. /B. fromC. betweenD. from among 4. I really ______ go back to work tomorrow， but I feel so bad that I have decided to stay in bed for a few more days.A. ought toB. canC. willD. may 5.She did not hear what you said because she ______ in her reading.A. was absorbedB. absorbedC. is absorbedD. has been absorbed 6.I voted for the proposal though ______ did.A. anyone elseB. somebody elseC. someone elseD. nobody else 7.The enemy dropped hundreds of bombs over the city， ______ many deaths and great destruction.A. causeB. causedC. causingD. having caused 8. Athletes ______ at the Olympic Games are supposed to be nonprofessionals.A. who competeB. who are competingC. who will competeD. who have competed 9. ______ Jack wouldn‘t take up the job， we might as well ask Richard to do it.A. ForB. SinceC. WhileD. Though 10. “You haven‘t been to the Niagara Falls？” “______， I haven‘t.”A. Of course notB. NoC. YesD. Certainly 11. They have abandoned city life and settled in the country， living on ______ in the fields.A. what they growB. that they growC. how they growD. which they grow 12.I ______ this three-room apartment without the money I borrowed from the bank.A. needn‘t have boughtB. mustn’t have boughtC. shouldn‘t have boughtD. couldn’t have bought 13. Your explanation was ______ satisfactory； you didn‘t tell us the truth.A. far fromB. far awayC. farther fromD. farther away 14. The trashman‘s neighbors consider him highly ______ as he does work society needs.A. respectableB. respectfulC. respectiveD. respected 15. He made ______ efforts for his degree examination and succeeded.A. constantB. stableC. steadyD. regular 16. As an experienced driver， he often warns beginners not to ______ any risk.A. receiveB. takeC. acceptD. try 17. The Chinese handicrafts he brought home are popular ______ his American friends.A. withB. withinC. inD. to 18. The title of the 35th Nurse of the Year was granted to Miss Helen Taylor， who had devoted herself ______ nursing for forty years.A. inB. intoC. toD. onto 19. He is ______ of an expert on international law.A. somethingB. anythingC. everythingD. nothing 20. China attaches great importance ______ the relationships with her neighbouring countries.A. ontoB. inC. toD. into 21. He tried to appear calm， but his trembling voice gave him ______.A. upB. awayC. inD. off 22. Many people have exaggerated ______ computers are capable of.A. thatB. whichC. whatD. how 23.He was accused ______ drunken driving and was facing up to six months in prison.A. withB. againstC. ofD. by 24. The kindhearted couple decide to ______ the child whose parents had been killed in an accident.A. adoptB. adaptC. adjustD. admit 25. I wouldn‘t study abroad. For one thing， I can’t afford the expenses； ______ I don‘t think I can get used to life there.A. for otherB. for the otherC. for othersD. for another II. 完形填空。
2004年10月全国高教自考“英语(二)”试题(含答案英语二
2004年10月全国高教自考“英语（二）”试题（含答案英语二第一部分选择题（共50分）I. Vocabulary and Structure (10 point, 1 point for each item)从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑．1. It offers us a fuller sense of being intensely alive from to moment.A. timeB. momentC. periodD. instant2. It may be worth remembering that John Major didn’t himself go to Oxford, most of his ministers did.A. afterB. sinceC. whileD. if3. The effects of rapid travel the body are far more disturbing than we realize.A. onB. inC. forD. to4. Her powers of persuasion were no avail.A. forB. byC. withD. to5. There is little likelihood that a panel of five wants to go through the of all shaking hands with you.A. processB. prospectC. precedentD. presence6. It is the right to change employers which employment from slavery.A. distinguishesB. derivesC. releasesD. relieves7. It is touching to see how a cat or dog itself to a family and wants to share in all its goings and comings.A. sacrificesB. opposesC. exposesD. attaches8. A healthy self-esteem is a resource for coping when difficulties .A. riseB. raiseC. ariseD. arouse9. The challenge is not one of expansion , the rapid growth in enrollment over the last 40 years has cometo an end.A. As a resultB. By all meansC. In contrastD. On the contrary10. Management often works hard to set up a situation work is done in series.A. thatB. whereC. whichD. whatII. Cloze Test (10 points, 1 point for each item)下列短文中有十个空格，每个空格有四个选项．根据上下文要求选出最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑．Maybe y ou know that the letter “V” stands for Victory in western countries. But do you know the 11 of the sign?During World War II, Europe was occupied by the Germans. A lot of people 12 to Britain. Among them was one Belgian (比利时人) 13 Victor Dalveli. He loved his country very much. And every day, he used shortwave radio to broadcast to the Belgian people, calling 14 them to resist the German occupies. On the last day of 1940, he asked his countrymen to write the 15 “V” wherever they could to show their determination to win the final victory. In a few days, it appeared everywhere.16 , it spread to the other occupied countries in Europe. Because it was simple and 17 it soon became very popular. When friends met, they stretched out 18 middle and index fingers to greet each other.At that time, in certain restaurants, knives and forks were placed in such a way 19 form a “V”. And in some clock shops clocks were purposely stopped 20 11:05 to show the sign of “V”.11. A. meaning B. shape C. history D. definition12. A. had escaped B. escaped C. have escaped D. escape13. A. naming B. being named C. named D. to name14. A. up B. out C. on D. off15. A. letter B. alphabet C. expression D. word16. A. Latter B. Later C. Late D. Lately17. A. meaningful B. energetic C. magnificent D. interesting18. A. his B. their C. one’s D. everybody’s19. A. in order to B. so as to C. so to D. as to20. A. on B. in C. by D. atIII. Reading Comprehension (30 points, 2 points for each item)从下列每篇短文的问题后所给的四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑．Passage OneQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.In reading the world’s great literature on human excellence and personal success, I’ve found that to launch ourselves into a life of true success we need to satisfy one basic condition: pursue our vision with stubborn (顽强的) consistency. The biggest difference between people who succeed and those who don’t is not usually talent but persistence.On my way to work one morning, I met Rudy Ruettiger, who is now a motivational speaker. He has grown up in Joliet, listening to stories about Notre Dame and dreaming of one day playing football there. Friends told him he wasn’t a good enough student to be admitted. So he gave up his dream and went to wor k in a power plant.Then a friend was killed in an accident at work. Shocked, Rudy suddenly realized that life is too short not to pursue your dreams.In 1972, at the age of 23, he enrolled at Holy Cross Junior College in South Bend, Ind. He got goodenough grades to transfer to Notre Dame, where he finally made the football team as a member of the “scout team”, the players who help the team prepare for games.Rudy was living his dream, almost. But he wasn’t allowed to suit up for the games themselves. T he next year, after Rudy requested it, the coach told Rudy he could put on his uniform for the season’s final game. And there he sat, on the Notre Dame bench during the game. A student started shouting, “We want Rudy!” Soon others joined in. Finally, at th e age of 27, with 27 seconds left to play, Rudy Ruettiger was sent onto the field-and made the final tackle (阻截). So his team won the game.When I met Rudy 17 year later, it was in the parking lot outside Notre Dame stadium (体育场), where a camera crew was filming scenes for Rudy, a motion picture about his life. His story illustrates that there is no limit to where your dreams can take you.21. The writer believes that the key to achieving success is .A. developing one’s talentB. seizing opportunitiesC. having wide visionD. sticking to one’s goal22. According to the passage, Rudy once gave up his dream of playing football for Notre Dame because .A. his friend was killed thereB. his foot was injured in an accidentC. he lacked confidence in himselfD. he failed in the entrance examination23. Rudy quit his job in the power plant because .A. his friend encouraged him toB. his outlook on life changedC. he was disappointed in his futureD. he was shocked by his friend’s death24. Rudy was transferred to Notre Dame .A. as a good studentB. as a good playerC. with the help of a coachD. with the help of a friend25. A camera crew was making a movie about Rudy’s life because .A. Rudy was the oldest player at Notre DameB. Rudy succeeded in realizing his dreamC. Rudy was the best speaker at Notre DameD. Rudy succeeded in developing his abilityPassage TwoQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.NASA, the U.S. space agency, believes there’s a good chance that we’re not alone in the universe. Last fall, NASA began a new project called the High Resolution Microwave Survey (HRMS). Its aim: to find evidence of life in one of the billions of galaxies in the universe.The search for intelligent life on other planets i sn’t new. It began almost 100 years ago. That’s when scientists built a huge transmitter to send radio waves into space. Scientists thought smart beings on other planets might pick up the signals.Scientists also have sent a message about humans and our solar system to a nearby constellation (星座). But because the constellation is 25,000 light years away, a return message wouldn’t reach Earth for 50,000 years! So don’t wait up for an answer.So far, no extraterrestrial (地球外的) beings that we know of have re turned our “calls.” But according to Dr. Jill Tarter, an HRMS scientist, we haven’t exactly had our ears wide open. “Now, however,” says Dr. Tarter, “we’ve built the tools we need to listen well.”Last October, Dr. Tarter switched on the largest radio rec eiver in the world. It’s an enormous metal bowl stretching 1,000 feet across a valley in Puerto Rico.Meanwhile, another NASA scientist turned on a huge radio receiver in California’s Mojave Desert. NASA hopes these big dishes-and others around the world-will pick up radio signals from new world.Dr. Frank Drake has been searching for life in outer space for years. He explains the HRMS project this way: To listen to your radio, you move the tuner on the dial until the channels come in loud and clear: Now imagine radio receivers that scan our galaxy “listening” to 14 million channels every second. That’s what NASA’s radio receivers in Puerto Rico and California are doing.But that’s not all. Powerful computers hooked to the receivers examine every signal c arefully. The computers try to match the signals to ones that scientists already recognize, such as human-made signals. If they can’t, Drake and Tarter check on them. “It could prove there is radio technology elsewhere in the universe,” says Dr. Tarter. “And that would mean we’re not alone.” 26、NASA scientists started a new project in order to _______.A、discover life in other galaxiesB、send human beings into spaceC、find evidence of a new galaxyD、confirm the number of galaxies27、According to Dr.Jill Tarter ,the reason why we haven’t received any return any return messages from outer space is that_______.A、our ears are not sharp enough to hear themB、our equipment hasn’t been good enoughC、it takes millions of yuars for them to reach usD、it takes quite a long time to send them28、Dr.Jill Tarter compares the large receiver to _______.A、the human earB、the universeC、a metal bowlD、a huge dish29、According to Dr.Frank Drake ,NASA’s radio receivers in Puerto Rico and California a re _______.A、trying to check on every channel carefullyB、moving the tuner on the dial for clear channelsC、scanning the universe for possible signalsD、picking up radio signals from new world30、The best title of this passage is ________.A、Signals from the SpaceB、The Invention of New Radio ReceiversC、The Intelligent Life in Outer SpaceD、NASA Listens for Space NeighborsPassage ThreeQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.Even a careful motorist(开汽车的人) may commit a motoring offence (违法).In this case, he will appear in a police court .This is a court ruled by a judge without a jury (陪审团).A judge has powers to pass sentence for relatively minor offences only ;serious charges are dealt with by a judge and a jury.In certain cases, a motoring offender may choose to go before a judge and a jury ,instead of appearing before just a judge .A court is also used for the conduct of preliminary investigations to dedermine whether or not a motoring offender shall appear for trial in a higher court.When his case comes up in court ,the motorist hears his name called by the clerk of the court, and comes forward to identify himself.The judge then calls for the policeman who charged the offender and asks him to give evidence.He is expected to ive an account of what happened when the offence was committed and to mention any special circumstances.For example the offence may have been partly due to the foolishness of another motorist.It would be unwise for the motoring offender to exaggerate this.It will not help his case to try to blame someone else for his own mistake.If you are guilty ,it is of course wise to admit it and say you’re sorry for committing the offence and taking up the court’s time .Judges are not heartless and a mo torist may be lucky enough to hear one say：“You’ve got good reasons ,but you have broken the law and I’ll have to impose a fine .Pay five pounds.Next case.”Some short-tempered people forget that both policemen and judges have a public duty to perform,and aren rude to them. This does not pay! A judge will not let off an offender merely because he is respectful,but a polite law-breaker may certainly hope that the judge will extend him what tolerance the law permits.31、Even a careful motorist may be asked to go to a police court for______.A、an injuryB、a motoring offenceC、refusing to pay a fineD、being rude to the policeman32、The underlined word “one ”(paragraph 5) refers to _____.A、a jury memberB、a police officerC、a motoristD、a judge33、A motoring offender is usually charged by ______.A、a judgeB、a juryC、a policemanD 、another motorist34、It is foolish for a motoring offender to _______.A 、overstate another motorist’s mistakeB 、mention someone else’s foolishnessC 、argue that he is not guiltyD 、choose to go before a jury35、If a man knows that he is guilty, he should ______.A、be polite to the policeman and the judgeB、try his best to appear before just a judgeC 、save the court’s time and pay the fineD 、admit the wrong and say sorry to the court第二部分非选择题（共50分）Ⅳ.Word Spelling(10 points,1point for two items)36. 乐意地，容易地ad. r_______37.日常工作，常规n. r______38.多数，大半n. m_______39. 永恒的，不断的a. c______40. 偏袒的，部分的a. p_______41. 漆工，画家n. p______42. 跳跃，飞跃v. l______43.易管理的a. m_______44.缩短，减少vi. S______45. 软毛，毛皮n. f_______46.意图，打算n. I_______47. 情形，身份n. s________48. 软管，地铁n. t________49. 口头的，口的a. o_______50. 牺牲品，受害者n. v_______51.鉴赏，感谢vt. a_______52.目标，球门n. g______53.装置，方法n. d_______54.分配，委派vt. a______55.娱乐，消遣n. a______Ⅴ.Word Form56. Should doctors be allowed_________(take) the lives of others?57. Two of _________(big) earthquakes that were ever recorded tood place in China and Alaska.58. Electronic amplifiers also made possible a fantastic in volume ,the music ______(become) as loud and penetrating as the human ear could stand.59. Every decision has constraints _______(base ) on policies, procedures ,laws, precedents ,and the like.60. The more seriously this is sought ,________(likely ) positive attitudes towards leisure as well academic work will be encouraged.61. Attempts to break up this old system _______(make ) in every presidential election in the past one hundred years.62.These mine planets ,together with the sun ,make up what _______(call) our solar system.63. Nations are classified as “aged ” when they have 7% or more of their people aged 65 or above ,andby about 1970 every one of the advanced countries______(become) like this.64. -----------（watch）over by guards with guns, the convicts raised their legs in unison and made their way to the edge of the highway.65.Either of these factors could account for some individuals ------------(be) able to do well using inefficient methods.Ⅵ将下列各句译成英语66.我不知道他是否能够提供有力的证据。
综合考试(英2)2004答案(全部三部分)
2004年硕士研究生入学考试试卷考试科目：综合考试(英美概况) 满分：40分考试说明：请将答案直接写在试卷上Instructions: You are required to answer all the following questions in English.I．Explain the following(10％)1.the Pilgrims2.Boston Tea PartyⅡ. Choose the correct answer in each of the following (15%)1 .How many continental states were there at the time of independence of the United States?A. 35.B. 13.C. 48.D.502.Which of the following was the last continental state added to the Union?A. Kentucky.B. Pennsylvania.C. Arizona.D. Alaska.3.Which of the following is not a New England state?A. Connecticut.B. New Hampshire.C. New York State.D. Vermont.4.Which of the following is not in New York City?A. Hollywood.B. Broadway.C. Rockefeller Center.D. Harlem.5.How many states are referred to as the mid-Atlantic states?A. 6.B. 5.C. 11.D. 4.III. Answer the following question (15%)Explain the characteristics of the uniformity in American culture and give your own evaluation.北京第二外国语学院2004年硕士研究生入学考试评分标准、参考答案考试科目：综合考试(英美概况) 满分：40分考试说明：请将答案直接写在试卷上Answers to 2004 Graduate Entrance Exam (paper A)（北京第二外国语学院2004年）I. Explain the followingI .the Pilgrims(1)In England, there had been a group of people called Puritans who had broken away from the Church of England and formed their own churches. Later they fled to Holland to escape the persecution in their native land. (2)Several years passed when they were again threatened by religious suppression, they thought of moving, and this time to America. (3) They began to call themselves Pilgrims because of their wanderings in search of religious freedom. (4) In 1620, they crossed the Atlantic in the ship Mayflower and settled at Plymouth, Massachusetts.2. Boston Tea Party(1) In the years following the French and Indian War, British government enforced several acts which were bitterly opposed by colonists. (2)In order to ease tensions, British government removed all the new taxes except that on tea. (3) In 1773, a group of patriots responded to the tea tax by staging the Boston Tea Party. Disguised as Indians, they boarded British merchant ships and tossed 342 crates of tea into Boston harbor. (4) British parliament then passed the “intolerable Acts”, in response to this , the First Continental Congress was held in September 1774.。
2004年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语试卷及答案(全国卷2)
2004年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（全国卷II）英语本试卷分第一卷（选择题）和第二卷（非选择题）两部分。
共150分。
考试用时120分钟。
第一卷（三部分，共115分）第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案划在试卷上。
录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的Ａ、Ｂ、Ｃ三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?A.＄19.15.B.＄9.15.C.＄9.18.答案是B.1.What did the woman do yesterday evening?A.She stayed at home.B.She Weal to a meeting.C.She Went to see the doctor.2.What is the most probable cause of the man's sickness?A.He caught a cold.B.He ate some cold food.C.He slept very little.3.How will the Woman go home this evening?A.She will walk home herself.B.The man will drive her home.C.Her classmate will take her home.4.Where does the conversation take place?A.At the man's home.B.In a restaurant.C.In an office.5.What are the two speakers going to do?A.Talk about their work.B.Eat out together.C.Buy some coffee in the market.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。
2004考研英语二试卷及答案
2004考研英语二试卷及答案Section I Use of EnglishDirections：Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)Many theories concerning the causes of juvenile delinquency (crimes committed by young people) focus either on the individual or on society as the major contributing influence. Theories 1 on the individual suggest that children engage in criminal behavior 2 they were not sufficiently penalized for previous misdeeds or that they have learned criminal behavior through 3 with others. Theories focusing on the role of society suggest that children commit crimes in 4 to their failure to rise above their socioeconomic status, 5 as a rejection of middle-class values.Most theories of juvenile delinquency have focused on children from disadvantaged families, 6 the fact that children from wealthy homes also commit crimes. The latter may commit crimes 7 lack of adequate parental control. All theories, however, are tentative and are 8 to criticism.Changes in the social structure may indirectly 9 juvenile crime rates. For example, changes in the economy that 10 to fewer job opportunities for youth and rising unemployment 11 make gainful employment increasingly difficult to obtain. The resulting discontent may in 12 lead more youths into criminal behavior.Families have also 13 changes these years. More families consist of one-parent households or two working parents; 14 ，children are likely to have less supervision at home 15 was common in the traditional family 16 . This lack of parental supervision is thought to be an influence on juvenile crime rates. Other 17 causes of offensive acts include frustration or failure in school, the increased 18 of drugs and alcohol, and the growing 19 of child abuse and child neglect. All these conditions tend to increase the probability of a child committing a criminal act, 20 a direct causal relationship has not yet been established.1. [A] acting [B] relying [C] centering [D] commenting2. [A] before [B] unless [C] until [D] becaus3. [A] interaction [B] assimilation [C] cooperation [D] consultation4. [A] return [B] reply [C] reference [D] response5. [A] or [B] but rather [C] but [D] or else6. [A] considering [B] ignoring [C] highlighting [D] discarding7. [A] on [B] in [C] for [D] with8. [A] immune [B] resistant [C] sensitive [D] subject9. [A] affect [B] reduce [C] chock [D] reflect10. [A] point [B] lead [C] come [D] amount11. [A] in general [B] on average [C] by contrast [D] at length12. [A] case [B] short [C] turn [D] essence13. [A] survived [B] noticed [C] undertaken [D] experienced14.[A] contrarily [B] consequently [C] similarly [D] simultaneously15. [A] than [B] that [C] which [D] as16. [A] system [B] structure [C] concept [D] heritage17. [A] assessable [B] identifiable [C] negligible [D] incredible18. [A] expense [B] restriction [C] allocation [D] availability19. [A] incidence [B] awareness [C] exposure [D] popularity20. [A] provided [B] since [C] although [D] supposingSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing [A], [B], [C] or [D]. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text 1Hunting for a job late last year, lawyer Gant Redmon stumbled across CareerBuilder, a job database on the Internet. He searched it with no success but was attracted by the site’s “personal search agent”. It’s an interactive feature that lets visitors key in job criteria such as location, title, and salary, then E-mails them when a matching position is posted in the database. Redmon chose the keywords legal, intellectual property and Washington, D.C. Three weeks later, he got his first notification of an opening. “I struck gold,” says Redmon, who E-mailed his resume to the employer and won a position as in-house counsel for a company.With thousands of career-related sites on the Internet, finding promising openings can he time-consuming and inefficient. Search agents reduce the need for repeated visits to the databases. But although a search agent worked for Redmon, career experts see drawbacks. Narrowing your criteria, for example, may work against you: “Every time you answer a question you eliminate a possibility,” says one expert.For any job search, you should start with a narrow concept—what you think you want to do—then broaden it. “None of these programs do that,” says another expert. “There’s no career counseling implicit in all of this.” Instead, the best strategy is to use the agent as a kind of tip service to keep abreast of jobs in a particular database; when you get E-mail, consider it a reminder to check the database again. “I would not rely on agents for finding everything that is added to a database that might interest me,” says the author of a job-searching guide.Some sites design their agents to tempt job hunters to return. When CareerSite’s agent sends out messages to those who have signed up for its service, for example, it includes only three potential jobs—those it considers the best matches. There may be more matches in the database; job hunters will have to visit the site again to find them—and they do. “On the day after we send our messages, we see a sharp increase in our traffic,”says Seth Peets, vice president of marketing for CareerSite.Even those who aren’t hunting for jobs may find search agents worthwhile. Some use them to keep a close watch on the demand for their line of work or gather information on compensation to arm themselves when negotiating for a raise. Although happily employed, Redmon maintains his agent at CareerBuilder. “You always keep your eyes open,” he says. Working with a personal search agent means having another set of eyes looking out for you.21. How did Redmon find his job?[A] By searching openings in a job database. [B] By posting a matching position in a database.[C] By using a special service of a database. [D] By E-mailing his resume to a database.22. Which of the following can be a disadvantage of search agents?[A] Lack of counseling. [B] Limited number of visits.[C] Lower efficiency. [D] Fewer successful matches.23. The expression “tip service” (Line 4, Paragraph 3) most probably means[A] advisory. [B] compensation.[C] interaction. [D] reminder.24. Why does CareerSite’s agent offer each job hunter only three job options?[A] To focus on better job matches. [B] To attract more returning visits.[C] To reserve space for more messages. [D] To increase the rate of success.25. Which of the following is true according to the text?[A] Personal search agents are indispensable to job-hunters.[B] Some sites keep E-mailing job seekers to trace their demands.[C] Personal search agents are also helpful to those already employed.[D] Some agents stop sending information to people once they are employed.Text 2Over the past century, all kinds of unfairness and discrimination have been condemned or made illegal. But one insidious form continues to thrive: alphabetism. This, for those as yet unaware of such a disadvantage, refers to discrimination against those whose surnames begin with a letter in the lower half of the alphabet.It has long been known that a taxi firm called AAAA cars has a big advantage over Zodiac cars when customers thumb through their phone directories. Less well known is the advantage that Adam Abbott has in life over Zoë Zysman. English nam es are fairly evenly spread between the halves of the alphabet. Yet a suspiciously large number of top people have surnames beginning with letters between A and K.Thus the American president and vice-president have surnames starting with B and C respectively; and 26 of George Bush’s predecessors (including his father) had surnames in the first half of the alphabet against just 16 in the second half. Even more striking, six of the seven heads of government of the G7 rich countries are alphabetically advantaged (Berlusconi, Blair, Bush, Chirac, Chrétien and Koizumi). The world’s three top central bankers (Greenspan, Duisenberg and Hayami) are all close to the top of the alphabet, even if one of them really uses Japanese characters. As are the world's five richest men (Gates, Buffett, Allen, Ellison and Albrecht).Can this merely be coincidence? One theory, dreamt up in all the spare time enjoyed by the alphabetically disadvantaged, is that the rot sets in early. At the start of the first year in infant school, teachers seat pupils alphabetically from the front, to make it easier to remember their names. So short-sighted Zysman junior gets stuck in the back row, and is rarely asked the improving questions posed by those insensitive teachers. At the time the alphabetically disadvantaged may think they have had a lucky escape. Yet the result may be worse qualifications, because they get less individual attention, as well as less confidence in speaking publicly.The humiliation continues. At university graduation ceremonies, the ABCs proudly get their awards first; by the time they reach the Zysmans most people are literally having a ZZZ. Shortlists for job interviews, election ballot papers, lists of conference speakers and attendees: all tend to be drawn up alphabetically, and their recipients lose interest as they plough through them.26. What does the author intend to illustrate with AAAA cars and Zodiac cars?[A] A kind of overlooked inequality. [B] A type of conspicuous bias.[C] A type of personal prejudice. [D] A kind of brand discrimination.27. What can we infer from the first three paragraphs?[A] In both East and West, names are essential to success.[B] The alphabet is to blame for the failure of Zoë Zysman.[C] Customers often pay a lot of attention to companies’ names.[D] Some form of discrimination is too subtle to recognize.28. The 4th paragraph suggests that .[A] questions are often put to the more intelligent students[B] alphabetically disadvantaged students often escape from class[C] teachers should pay attention to all of their students[D] students should be seated according to their eyesight29. What does the author mean by “most people are literally having a ZZZ” (Lines 2-3, Paragraph 5)?[A] They are getting impatient. [B] They are noisily dozing off.[C] They are feeling humiliated. [D] They are busy with word puzzles.30. Which of the following is true according to the text?[A] People with surnames beginning with N to Z are often ill-treated.[B] VIPs in the Western world gain a great deal from alphabetism.[C] The campaign to eliminate alphabetism still has a long way to go.[D] Putting things alphabetically may lead to unintentional bias.Text 3When it comes to the slowing economy, Ellen Spero isn't biting her nails just yet. But the 47-year-old manicurist isn't cutting, filing or polishing as many nails as she'd like to, either. Most of her clients spend $12 to $50 weekly, but last month two longtime customers suddenly stopped showing up. Spero blames the softening economy. “I'm a good economic indicator,” she says. “I provide a service that people can do without when they're concerned about saving some dollars.” So Spero is downscaling, shopping at middle-brow Dillard's department store near her suburban Cleveland home, instead of Neiman Marcus. “I don't know if other clients are going to abandon me, too,” she says.Even before Alan Greenspan's admission that America's red-hot economy is cooling, lots of working folks had already seen signs of the slowdown themselves. From car dealerships to Gap outlets, sales have been lagging for months as shoppers temper their spending. For retailers, who last year took in 24 percent of their revenue between Thanksgiving and Christmas, the cautious approach is coming at a crucial time. Already, experts say, holiday sales are off 7 percent from last year's pace. But don't sound any alarms just yet. Consumers seem only mildly concerned, not panicked, and many say they remain optimistic about the economy's long-term prospects even as they do some modest belt-tightening.Consumers say they're not in despair because, despite the dreadful headlines, their own fortunes still feel pretty good. Home prices are holding steady in most regions. In Manhattan, “there's a new gold rush happening in the $4 million to $10 million range, predominantly fed by Wall Street bonuses,” says broker Barbara Corcoran. In San Francisco, prices are still rising even as frenzied overbidding quiets. “Instead of 20 to 30 offers, now maybe you only get two or three," says John Tealdi, a Bay Area real-estate broker. And most folks still feel pretty comfortable about their ability to find and keep a job.Many folks see silver linings to this slowdown. Potential home buyers would cheer for lower interest rates. Employers wouldn't mind a little fewer bubbles in the job market. Many consumers seem to have been influenced by stock-market swings, which investors now view as a necessary ingredient to a sustained boom. Diners might see an upside, too. Getting a table at Manhattan's hot new Alain Ducasse restaurant used to be impossible. Not anymore. For that, Greenspan & Co. may still be worth toasting.31. By “Ellen Spero isn’t biting her nails just yet” (Line 1, Paragraph 1), the author means_____.[A] Spero can hardly maintain her business. [B] Spero is too much engaged in her work.[C] Spero has grown out of her bad habit. [D] Spero is not in a desperate situation.32. How do the public feel about the current economic situation?[A] Optimistic. [B] Confused. [C] Carefree. [D] Panicked.33. When mentioning “the $4 million to $10 million range”(Lines 3, Paragraph 3), the author is talking about _______[A] gold market. [B] real estate. [C] stock exchange. [D] venture investment.34. Why can many people see “silver linings” to the economic slowdown?[A] They would benefit in certain ways. [B] The stock market shows signs of recovery.[C] Such a slowdown usually precedes a boom. [D] The purchasing power would be enhanced.35. To which of the following is the author likely to agree?[A] A new boom, on the horizon. [B] Tighten the belt, the single remedy.[C] Caution all right, panic not. [D] The more ventures, the more chances.Text 4Americans today don't place a very high value on intellect. Our heroes are athletes, entertainers, and entrepreneurs, not scholars. Even our schools are where we send our children to get a practical education—not to pursue knowledge for the sake of knowledge. Symptoms of pervasive anti-intellectualism in our schools aren't difficult to find.“Schools have always been in a society where practical is more important than intellectual,”says education writer Diane Ravitch. “Schools could be a counterbalance.” Ravitch's latest book. Left Back: A Century of Failed School Reforms, traces the roots of anti-intellectualism in our schools, concluding they are anything but a counterbalance to the American distaste for intellectual pursuits.But they could and should be. Encouraging kids to reject the life of the mind leaves them vulnerable to exploitation and control. Without the ability to think critically, to defend their ideas and understand the ideas of others, they cannot fully participate in our democracy. Continuing along this path, says writer Earl Shorris, “We will become a second-rate country. We will have a less civil society.”“Intellect is resented as a form of power or privilege,” writes historian and professor Richard Hofstadter in Anti-intellectualism in American Life, a Pulitzer-Prize winning book on the roots of anti-intellectualism in US politics, religion, and education. From the beginning of our history, says Hofstadter, our democratic and populist urges have driven us to reject anything that smells of elitism. Practicality, common sense, and native intelligence have been considered more noble qualities than anything you could learn from a book.Ralph Waldo Emerson and other Transcendentalist philosophers thought schooling and rigorous book learning put unnatural restraints on children: “We are shut up in schools and college recitation rooms for 10 or 15 years and come out at last with a bellyful of words and do not know a thing.”Mark Twain's Huckleberry Finn exemplified American anti-intellectualism. Its hero avoids being civilized—going to school and learning to read—so he can preserve his innate goodness.Intellect, according to Hofstadter, is different from native intelligence, a quality we reluctantly admire. Intellect is the critical, creative, and contemplative side of the mind. Intelligence seeks to grasp, manipulate, re-order, and adjust, while intellect examines, ponders, wonders, theorizes, criticizes, and imagines.School remains a place where intellect is mistrusted. Hofstadter says our country's educational system is in the grips of people who “joyfully and militantly proclaim their hostility to intellect and their eagerness to identify with children who show the least intellectual promise.”36. What do American parents expect their children to acquire in school?[A] The habit of thinking independently. [B] Profound knowledge of the world.[C] Practical abilities for future career. [D] The confidence in intellectual pursuits.37. We can learn from the text that Americans have a history of________.[A] undervaluing intellect. [B] favoring intellectualism.[C] supporting school reform. [D] suppressing native intelligence.38. The views of Raviteh and Emerson on schooling are ______.[A] identical. [B] similar. [C] complementary. [D] opposite.39. Emerson, according to the text, is probably _________.[A] a pioneer of education reform. [B] an opponent of intellectualism.[C] a scholar in favor of intellect. [D] an advocate of regular schooling.40. What does the author think of intellect?[A] It is second to intelligence. [B] It evolves from common sense.[C] It is to be pursued. [D] It underlies powerPart BDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)The relation of language and mind has interested philosophers for many centuries.(41) The Greeks assumed that the structure of language had some connection with the process of thought, which took root in Europe long before people realized how diverselanguages could be.Only recently did linguists begin the serious study of languages that were very different from their own. Two anthropologist-linguists, Franz Boas and Edward Sapir, were pioneers in describing many native languages of North and South America during the first half of the twentieth century. (42) We are obliged to them because some of these languages have since vanished, as the peoples who spoke them died out or became assimilated and lost their native languages. Other linguists in the earlier part of this century, however, who were less eager to deal with bizarre data from “exotic” language, were not always so grateful. (43) The newly described languages were often so strikingly different from the well studied languages of Europe and Southeast Asia that some scholars even accused Boas and Sapir of fabricating their data. Native American languages are indeed different, so much so in fact that Navajo could be used by the US military as a code during World War II to send secret messages.Sapir’s pupil, Benjamin Lee Whorf, continued the study of American Indian languages.(44) Being interested in the relationship of language and thought, Whorf developed the idea that the structure of language determines the structure of habitual thought in a society. He reasoned that because it is easier to formulate certain concepts and not others in a given language, the speakers of that language think along one track and not along another. (45) Whorf came to believe in a sort of linguistic determinism which, in its strongest form, states that language imprisons the mind, and that the grammatical patterns in a language can produce far-reaching consequences for the culture of a society. Later, this idea became to be known as the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis, but this term is somewhat inappropriate. Although both Sapir and Whorf emphasized the diversity of languages, Sapir himself never explicitly supported the notion of linguistic determinism.Section III Writing46. Directions：Study the following drawing carefully and write an essay in which you should1. describe the drawing，2. interpret its meaning, and3. support your view with examples.You should write about 200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2 (20 points)。
2004考研英语二真题及答案
2004考研英语二真题及答案Section I Use of EnglishDirections：Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)Many theories concerning the causes of juvenile delinquency (crimes committed by young people) focus either on the individual or on society as the major contributing influence. Theories 1 on the individual suggest that children engage in criminal behavior 2 they were not sufficiently penalized for previous misdeeds or that they have learned criminal behavior through 3 with others. Theories focusing on the role of society suggest that children commit crimes in 4 to their failure to rise above their socioeconomic status, 5 as a rejection of middle-class values.Most theories of juvenile delinquency have focused on children from disadvantaged families, 6 the fact that children from wealthy homes also commit crimes. The latter may commit crimes 7 lack of adequate parental control. All theories, however, are tentative and are 8 to criticism.Changes in the social structure may indirectly 9 juvenile crime rates. For example, changes in the economy that 10 to fewer job opportunities for youth and rising unemployment 11 make gainful employment increasingly difficult to obtain. The resulting discontent may in 12 lead more youths into criminal behavior.Families have also 13 changes these years. More families consist of one-parent households or two working parents; 14 ，children are likely to have less supervision at home 15 was common in the traditional family 16 . This lack of parental supervision is thought to be an influence on juvenile crime rates. Other 17 causes of offensive acts include frustration or failure in school, the increased 18 of drugs and alcohol, and the growing 19 of child abuse and child neglect. All these conditions tend to increase the probability of a child committing a criminal act, 20 a direct causal relationship has not yet been established.1. [A] acting [B] relying [C] centering [D] commenting2. [A] before [B] unless [C] until [D] becaus3. [A] interaction [B] assimilation [C] cooperation [D] consultation4. [A] return [B] reply [C] reference [D] response5. [A] or [B] but rather [C] but [D] or else6. [A] considering [B] ignoring [C] highlighting [D] discarding7. [A] on [B] in [C] for [D] with8. [A] immune [B] resistant [C] sensitive [D] subject9. [A] affect [B] reduce [C] chock [D] reflect10. [A] point [B] lead [C] come [D] amount11. [A] in general [B] on average [C] by contrast [D] at length12. [A] case [B] short [C] turn [D] essence13. [A] survived [B] noticed [C] undertaken [D] experienced14.[A] contrarily [B] consequently [C] similarly [D] simultaneously15. [A] than [B] that [C] which [D] as16. [A] system [B] structure [C] concept [D] heritage17. [A] assessable [B] identifiable [C] negligible [D] incredible18. [A] expense [B] restriction [C] allocation [D] availability19. [A] incidence [B] awareness [C] exposure [D] popularity20. [A] provided [B] since [C] although [D] supposingSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing [A], [B], [C] or [D]. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text 1Hunting for a job late last year, lawyer Gant Redmon stumbled across CareerBuilder, a job database on the Internet. He searched it with no success but was attracted by the site’s “personal search agent〞. It’s an interactive feature that lets visitors key in job criteria such as location, title, and salary, then E-mails them when a matching position is posted in the database. Redmon chose the keywords legal, intellectual property and Washington, D.C. Three weeks later, he got his first notification of an opening. “I struck gold,〞 says Redmon, who E-mailed his resume to the employer and won a position as in-house counsel for a company.With thousands of career-related sites on the Internet, finding promising openings can he time-consuming and inefficient. Search agents reduce the need for repeated visits to the databases. But although a search agent worked for Redmon, career experts see drawbacks. Narrowing your criteria, for example, may work against you: “Every time you answer a question you eliminate a possibility,〞 says one expert.For any job search, you should start with a narrow concept—what you think you want to do—then broaden it. “None of these programs do that,〞 says another expert. “There’s no career counseling implicit in all of this.〞 Instead, the best strategy is to use the agent as a kind of tip service to keep abreast of jobs in a particular database; when you get E-mail, consider it a reminder to check the database again. “I would not rely on agents for finding everything that is added to a database that might interest me,〞 says the author of a job-searching guide.Some sites design their agents to tempt job hunters to return. When CareerSite’s agent sends out messages to those who have signed up for its service, for example, it includes only three potential jobs—those it considers the best matches. There may be more matches in the database; job hunters will have to visit the site again to find them—and they do. “On the day after we send our messages, we see a sharp increase in our traffic,〞says Seth Peets, vice president of marketing for CareerSite.Even those who aren’t hunting for jobs may find search agents worthwhile. Some use them to keep a close watch on the demand for their line of work or gather information on compensation to arm themselves when negotiating for a raise. Although happily employed, Redmon maintains his agent at CareerBuilder. “You always keep your eyes open,〞 he says. Working with a personal search agent means having another set of eyes looking out for you.21. How did Redmon find his job?[A] By searching openings in a job database. [B] By posting a matching position in a database.[C] By using a special service of a database. [D] By E-mailing his resume to a database.22. Which of the following can be a disadvantage of search agents?[A] Lack of counseling. [B] Limited number of visits.[C] Lower efficiency. [D] Fewer successful matches.23. The expression “tip service〞 (Line 4, Paragraph 3) most probably means[A] advisory. [B] compensation.[C] interaction. [D] reminder.24. Why does CareerSite’s agent offer each job hunter only three job options?[A] To focus on better job matches. [B] To attract more returning visits.[C] To reserve space for more messages. [D] To increase the rate of success.25. Which of the following is true according to the text?[A] Personal search agents are indispensable to job-hunters.[B] Some sites keep E-mailing job seekers to trace their demands.[C] Personal search agents are also helpful to those already employed.[D] Some agents stop sending information to people once they are employed.Text 2Over the past century, all kinds of unfairness and discrimination have been condemned or made illegal. But one insidious form continues to thrive: alphabetism. This, for those as yet unaware of such a disadvantage, refers to discrimination against those whose surnames begin with a letter in the lower half of the alphabet.It has long been known that a taxi firm called AAAA cars has a big advantage over Zodiac cars when customers thumb through their phone directories. Less well known is the advantage that Adam Abbott has in life over Zoë Zysman. English names are fairly evenly spread between the halves of the alphabet. Yet a suspiciously large number of top people have surnames beginning with letters between A and K.Thus the American president and vice-president have surnames starting with B and C respectively; and 26 of George Bush’s predecessors (including his father) had surnames in the first half of the alphabet against just 16 in the second half. Even more striking, six of the seven heads of government of the G7 rich countries are alphabetically advantaged (Berlusconi, Blair, Bush, Chirac, Chrétien and Koizumi). The world’s three top central bankers (Greenspan, Duisenberg and Hayami) are all close to the top of the alphabet, even if one of them really uses Japanese characters. As are the world's five richest men (Gates, Buffett, Allen, Ellison and Albrecht).Can this merely be coincidence? One theory, dreamt up in all the spare time enjoyed by the alphabetically disadvantaged, is that the rot sets in early. At the start of the first year in infant school, teachers seat pupils alphabetically from the front, to make it easier to remember their names. So short-sighted Zysman junior gets stuck in the back row, and is rarely asked the improving questions posed by those insensitive teachers. At the time the alphabetically disadvantaged may think they have had a lucky escape. Yet the result may be worse qualifications, because they get less individual attention, as well as less confidence in speaking publicly.The humiliation continues. At university graduation ceremonies, the ABCs proudly get their awards first; by the time they reach the Zysmans most people are literally having a ZZZ. Shortlists for job interviews, election ballot papers, lists of conference speakers and attendees: all tend to be drawn up alphabetically, and their recipients lose interest as they plough through them.26. What does the author intend to illustrate with AAAA cars and Zodiac cars?[A] A kind of overlooked inequality. [B] A type of conspicuous bias.[C] A type of personal prejudice. [D] A kind of brand discrimination.27. What can we infer from the first three paragraphs?[A] In both East and West, names are essential to success.[B] The alphabet is to blame for the failure of Zoë Zysman.[C] Customers often pay a lot of attention to companies’ names.[D] Some form of discrimination is too subtle to recognize.28. The 4th paragraph suggests that .[A] questions are often put to the more intelligent students[B] alphabetically disadvantaged students often escape from class[C] teachers should pay attention to all of their students[D] students should be seated according to their eyesight29. What does the author mean by “most people are literally having a ZZZ〞 (Lines 2-3, Paragraph 5)?[A] They are getting impatient. [B] They are noisily dozing off.[C] They are feeling humiliated. [D] They are busy with word puzzles.30. Which of the following is true according to the text?[A] People with surnames beginning with N to Z are often ill-treated.[B] VIPs in the Western world gain a great deal from alphabetism.[C] The campaign to eliminate alphabetism still has a long way to go.[D] Putting things alphabetically may lead to unintentional bias.Text 3When it comes to the slowing economy, Ellen Spero isn't biting her nails just yet. But the 47-year-old manicurist isn't cutting, filing or polishing as many nails as she'd like to, either. Most of her clients spend $12 to $50 weekly, but last month two longtime customers suddenly stopped showing up. Spero blames the softening economy. “I'm a good economic indicator,〞 she says. “I provide a service that people can do without when they're concerned about saving some dollars.〞 So Spero is downscaling, shopping at middle-brow Dillard's department store near her suburban Cleveland home, instead of Neiman Marcus. “I don't know if other clients are going to abandon me, too,〞 she says.Even before Alan Greenspan's admission that America's red-hot economy is cooling, lots of working folks had already seen signs of the slowdown themselves. From car dealerships to Gap outlets, sales have been lagging for months as shoppers temper their spending. For retailers, who last year took in 24 percent of their revenue between Thanksgiving and Christmas, the cautious approach is coming at a crucial time. Already, experts say, holiday sales are off 7 percent from last year's pace. But don't sound any alarms just yet. Consumers seem only mildly concerned, not panicked, and many say they remain optimistic about the economy's long-term prospects even as they do some modest belt-tightening.Consumers say they're not in despair because, despite the dreadful headlines, their own fortunes still feel pretty good. Home prices are holding steady in most regions. In Manhattan, “there's a new gold rush happening in the $4 million to $10 million range, predominantly fed by Wall Street bonuses,〞 says broker Barbara Corcoran. In San Francisco, prices are still rising even as frenzied overbidding quiets. “Instead of 20 to 30 offers, now maybe you only get two or three," says John Tealdi, a Bay Area real-estate broker. And most folks still feel pretty comfortable about their ability to find and keep a job.Many folks see silver linings to this slowdown. Potential home buyers would cheer for lower interest rates. Employers wouldn't mind a little fewer bubbles in the job market. Many consumers seem to have been influenced by stock-market swings, which investors now view as a necessary ingredient to a sustained boom. Diners might see an upside, too. Getting a table at Manhattan's hot new Alain Ducasse restaurant used to be impossible. Not anymore. For that, Greenspan & Co. may still be worth toasting.31. By “Ellen Spero isn’t biting her nails just yet〞 (Line 1, Paragraph 1), the author means_____.[A] Spero can hardly maintain her business. [B] Spero is too much engaged in her work.[C] Spero has grown out of her bad habit. [D] Spero is not in a desperate situation.32. How do the public feel about the current economic situation?[A] Optimistic. [B] Confused. [C] Carefree. [D] Panicked.33. When mentioning “the $4 million to $10 million range〞(Lines 3, Paragraph 3), the author is talking about _______[A] gold market. [B] real estate. [C] stock exchange. [D] venture investment.34. Why can many people see “silver linings〞 to the economic slowdown?[A] They would benefit in certain ways. [B] The stock market shows signs of recovery.[C] Such a slowdown usually precedes a boom. [D] The purchasing power would be enhanced.35. To which of the following is the author likely to agree?[A] A new boom, on the horizon. [B] Tighten the belt, the single remedy.[C] Caution all right, panic not. [D] The more ventures, the more chances.Text 4Americans today don't place a very high value on intellect. Our heroes are athletes, entertainers, and entrepreneurs, not scholars. Even our schools are where we send our children to get a practical education—not to pursue knowledge for the sake of knowledge. Symptoms of pervasive anti-intellectualism in our schools aren't difficult to find.“Schools have always been in a society where practical is more important than intellectual,〞says education writer Diane Ravitch. “Schools could be a counterbalance.〞 Ravitch's latest book. Left Back: A Century of Failed School Reforms, traces the roots of anti-intellectualism in our schools, concluding they are anything but a counterbalance to the American distaste for intellectual pursuits.But they could and should be. Encouraging kids to reject the life of the mind leaves them vulnerable to exploitation and control. Without the ability to think critically, to defend their ideas and understand the ideas of others, they cannot fully participate in our democracy. Continuing along this path, says writer Earl Shorris, “We will become a second-rate country. We will have a less civil society.〞“Intellect is resented as a form of power or privilege,〞 writes historian and professor Richard Hofstadter in Anti-intellectualism in American Life, a Pulitzer-Prize winning book on the roots of anti-intellectualism in US politics, religion, and education. From the beginning of our history, says Hofstadter, our democratic and populist urges have driven us to reject anything that smells of elitism. Practicality, common sense, and native intelligence have been considered more noble qualities than anything you could learn from a book.Ralph Waldo Emerson and other Transcendentalist philosophers thought schooling and rigorous book learning put unnatural restraints on children: “We are shut up in schools and college recitation rooms for 10 or 15 years and come out at last with a bellyful of words and do not know a thing.〞Mark Twain's Huckleberry Finn exemplified American anti-intellectualism. Its hero avoids being civilized—going to school and learning to read—so he can preserve his innate goodness.Intellect, according to Hofstadter, is different from native intelligence, a quality we reluctantly admire. Intellect is the critical, creative, and contemplative side of the mind. Intelligence seeks to grasp, manipulate, re-order, and adjust, while intellect examines, ponders, wonders, theorizes, criticizes, and imagines.School remains a place where intellect is mistrusted. Hofstadter says our country's educational system is in the grips of people who “joyfully and militantly proclaim their hostility to intellect and their eagerness to identify with children who show the least intellectual promise.〞36. What do American parents expect their children to acquire in school?[A] The habit of thinking independently. [B] Profound knowledge of the world.[C] Practical abilities for future career. [D] The confidence in intellectual pursuits.37. We can learn from the text that Americans have a history of________.[A] undervaluing intellect. [B] favoring intellectualism.[C] supporting school reform. [D] suppressing native intelligence.38. The views of Raviteh and Emerson on schooling are ______.[A] identical. [B] similar. [C] complementary. [D] opposite.39. Emerson, according to the text, is probably _________.[A] a pioneer of education reform. [B] an opponent of intellectualism.[C] a scholar in favor of intellect. [D] an advocate of regular schooling.40. What does the author think of intellect?[A] It is second to intelligence. [B] It evolves from common sense.[C] It is to be pursued. [D] It underlies powerPart BDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)The relation of language and mind has interested philosophers for many centuries.(41) The Greeks assumed that the structure of language had some connection with the process of thought, which took root in Europe long before people realized how diverselanguages could be.Only recently did linguists begin the serious study of languages that were very different from their own. Two anthropologist-linguists, Franz Boas and Edward Sapir, were pioneers in describing many native languages of North and South America during the first half of the twentieth century. (42) We are obliged to them because some of these languages have since vanished, as the peoples who spoke them died out or became assimilated and lost their native languages. Other linguists in the earlier part of this century, however, who were less eager to deal with bizarre data from “exotic〞 language, were not always so grateful. (43) The newly described languages were often so strikingly different from the well studied languages of Europe and Southeast Asia that some scholars even accused Boas and Sapir of fabricating their data. Native American languages are indeed different, so much so in fact that Navajo could be used by the US military as a code during World War II to send secret messages.Sapir’s pupil, Benjamin Lee Whorf, continued the study of American Indian languages.(44) Being interested in the relationship of language and thought, Whorf developed the idea that the structure of language determines the structure of habitual thought in a society. He reasoned that because it is easier to formulate certain concepts and not others in a given language, the speakers of that language think along one track and not along another. (45) Whorf came to believe in a sort of linguistic determinism which, in its strongest form, states that language imprisons the mind, and that the grammatical patterns in a language can produce far-reaching consequences for the culture of a society. Later, this idea became to be known as the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis, but this term is somewhat inappropriate. Although both Sapir and Whorf emphasized the diversity of languages, Sapir himself never explicitly supported the notion of linguistic determinism.Section III Writing46. Directions：Study the following drawing carefully and write an essay in which you should1. describe the drawing，2. interpret its meaning, and3. support your view with examples.You should write about 200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2 (20 points)。
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全国2004年4月高等教育自学考试综合英语（二）试题课程代码：00795Ⅰ.语法、词汇。
用适当的词填空。
从A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出一个正确答案,并在答题纸上写上所选答案的字母。
(本大题共25小题,每小题1分,共25分)Complete each of the following sentences with the most likely answer.(25 points)1.I should say confidence comes not ______from how other people look at us as from how we look atourselves.A. so muchB. as muchC. this muchD. that much2.The George Washington Bridge is a double-deck bridge across ______Hudson River.A. aB. anC. theD. /3. “Which books are yours?”“Oh, ______over there, of course.”A. thisB. thatC. theseD. those4. Television, ______ came into being in 1939, did not become common until the early 1950s.A. thatB. whatC. whichD. it5. Many car accidents occur _______ drunk driving.A. due toB. thanks toC. becauseD. for6. Finally after working hard for five years Jane ______ able to save her fare to Europe.A. isB. wasC. will beD. would be7.when we reached the cinema, the film _____ started, for there were no people at the entrance.A. should haveB. ought to haveC. had to haveD. must have8. The doctor suggested that the patient ________on a diet but he couldn’t resist the temptation of rich food.A. goesB. goC. wentD. gone9. Y ou’d better leave _____usual. The heavy traffic on Monday mornings may hold you up.A. early thanB. early thenC. earlier thanD. earlier then10. No sooner _______home than he was asked to go on another business trip.A. had he arrivedB. he had arrivedC. has he arrivedD. he has arrived11. The teacher emphasized that ______of us should read the essay three times.A. each everyoneB. all and every oneC. each and every oneD. each someone12. _____the false banknote looked genuine, it did not stand up to close examination.A. SinceB. AsC. Even asD. Even though13.If you don’t hurry up, the train _______by the time we get to the station.A. has leftB. will have leftC. will leaveD. would have left14. When I ran into Mary at the supermarket yesterday, I smiled at her, but she ______me and walked on.A. missedB. overlookedC. ignoredD. neglected15. If you fail to adapt ______the quickly changing society, you will be behind the times.A. withB. againstC. forD. to16.My father is deeply concerned with the government’s ______policies.A. economicalB. economyC. economicD. economics17. In his 27-year imprisonment, Mandela, a South African leader, was ______his political rights.A. deprived ofB. deprived offC. deprived fromD. deprived with18.Scientists have spent years researching into the ______of sleeping pills on the human brain.A. affectB. effectC. impactD. influence19. Only a few people have ______to the confidential energy data.A. accessB. admissionC. permissionD. entrance20. CCTV reported that ______the snowstorm, at least five houses collapsed and three people were killed.A. on any account ofB. on every account ofC. on account ofD. on this account of21. The government is _______ every effort to reduce the accident rate in coal mines.A. takingB. makingC. catchingD. putting22. The three sales representatives of this company will be ______with a trip to France.A. offeredB. awardedC. rewardedD. given23. Contrary ________popular opinion, eating less does not help you lose weight.A. toB. withC. againstD. into24. An inventor needs to have a creative and _____mind.A. imaginableB. imaginativeC. imaginaryD. imaging25.The law protects equal rights for all citizens, _____race, religion or sex.A. without regard toB. with regard ofC. regardless toD. regardless ofⅡ.完形填空。
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择一个正确答案，并在答题纸上写上所选答案的字母。
（本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分）Fill in each blank in the passage with the most likely answer .(15 points)A famous scientist who had made an important medical breakthrough was being interviewed. A newspaper reporter asked him why he thought he was able to be 26 more creative than the average person.He said that it all came from a(n) 27 that occurred when he was about two years old . He was trying to 28 a bottle of milk from the refrigerator 29 he lost his grip on the slippery bottle and it fell, spilling the milk all 30 the floor.His mother came into the kitchen. 31 yelling at him, giving him a lecture or 32 him, she said, “Robert, what a great and wonderful mess you have 33 ! I have rarely seen such a huge pool of milk. Well, the 34 has already been done. Would you like to get 35 and play in the sea of milk for a few minutes before we clean it up ?”This scientist then remarked that it was at that moment 36 he knew he didn’t need to be 37 to make mistakes. Instead, he learned that mistakes were just 38 for learning something new, which is, after all, what 39 experiments are all about. Even if the experiment doesn’t 40 , we usually learn something from it.26. A. still B. ever C. so much D. ever much27. A. event B. incident C. story D. legend28. A. take B. gain C. place D. return29. A. where B. while C. which D. when30. A. over B. through C. across D. on31. A. In addition to B. In spite of C. Apart from D. Instead of32. A. hugging B. kissing C. hating D. punishing33. A. made B. created C. done D. produced34. A. damage B. loss C. harm D. ruin35. A. away B. over C. down D. up36. A. which B. when C. that D. what37. A. afraid B. fearful C. worried D. frightened38. A. occasions B. situations C. opportunities D. moments39. A. technical B. scientific C. social D. artistic40. A. function B. operate C. work D. helpⅢ.难句释义。