十九世纪美国诗歌

A Psalm of Life
Tell me not, in mournful numbers, Life is but an empty dream! — For the soul is dead that slumbers, And things are not what they seem. 请别用哀伤的诗句对我讲； 人生呵，无非是虚梦一场！ 因为沉睡的灵魂如死一般， 事物的表里并不如一。
Grave of Henry Wadsworth Longfellow
His major works:
Voices of the Night (1839) 《夜吟》 Ballads and Other Poems (1841) 《歌谣及其他》 Evangeline: A Tale of Acadia (epic poem) (1847) 《伊凡杰林》
• 第一，二节，针对“人生如梦”的颓废论调，开 宗明义地指出“人生是实在的，人生不是虚无”。 第三，四，五，六节进一步指出，既然生活不是 梦，那就要抓住现在去实干，去行动。第七，八 两节以伟人的榜样来激励人们，要在”时间的沙 滩上”留下脚印，以给后来者以鼓舞，最后一节 以更为激昂的声调总结全诗，首尾呼应，在“不 断去收获，不断去追求” 的强音中结束全诗。 • 本诗四句一节，共计三十六句，分为九节。上一 节食下一节内容的铺垫，每一节内容都有层层递 进的趋势，像一只无形而又强有力的手，一步步 把我们推向思想的高潮。
Appreciation of A Psalm of Life
• A Psalm of Life which is written by American romantic poet Henry Wadsworth Longfellow is a lyric poem. It reveals the optimistic theme-time is fleeting, act in the living present. The poem appeals to the readers’ eyes, ears, minds and emotions and shows the poet’s richly endowed talents for both aesthetics and language manipulation as well.
Significant Form, Style, or Artistic Conventions
Longfellow’s poems are not only accessible in their meaning, but they are also highly regular in their form. It is very simple to teach metrics with Longfellow because he provides easy and memorable examples of so many metrical schemes. These can be present end in connection chit Longfellow’s personal history, for he is of course an academic poet, and as such a poet writing often self-consciously a learned perspective. Thus, nothing with him seems wholly spontaneous or accidental.
十九世纪美国浪漫主义文学
(1800——1wenku.baidu.com65)
美国浪漫主义文学的特点： 1. 强烈的主观色彩，偏爱表现主观思想，注重抒发个人的感受 和体验，重主观、轻客观和重自我表现，轻客观模仿。 2. 喜欢描写和歌颂大自然（尤为突出）作者们喜欢将自己的理 解人物置身于淳朴宁静的大自然中，衬托现实深灰的丑恶及 自身理解的美好。 3. 重视中世纪民间文学，想想比较丰富，感情真挚，表达自由， 语言朴素自然 。 4. 注重艺术效果：对比夸张、人物形象的超凡性。
Life is real! Life is earnest!
And the grave is not its goal; Dust thou art, to dust returns,
人生是实在的！人生是热烈的！
人生的目标决不是坟墓； 你是尘土，应归于尘土。
Was not spoken of the soul.
Introduction His life experience His major works His writing style
Introduction
• Henry Wadsworth Longfellow (February 27, 1807
– March 24, 1882) was an American poet and educator. • Longfellow predominantly wrote lyric poems which are known for their musicality and which often presented stories of mythology and legend.
Not enjoyment, and not sorrow, Is our destined end or way; But to act, that each to-morrow Find us farther than to-day.
此话指的并不是我们的精神。
我们的归宿并不是快乐， 也不是悲伤， 实干，才是我们的道路。 每天不断前进，蒸蒸蒸日上。
The Song of Hiawatha (epic poem) (1855) 《海华沙之歌》
His works:
A Psalm of life 《人生礼赞》 Voices of the Night 《夜吟》 Hymn to the night 《夜的赞歌》
The Beleaguered City 《群星之光》
19th Century American Poets
Henry Wadsworth Longfellow (1807-1882)
Edgar Allan Poe) （1809-1849）
Walt Whitman (1819－1892)
Emily Dickinson (1830-1886)
Henry Wadsworth Longfellow
He wrote a poem for her called ―Footsteps of Angels‖ which was published in 1839.
He remarried in 1843 with Fanny Appleton. She died in 1861 from a tragic death, she was burned to death. Later Henry died in March 24, 1882 at Cambridge, Massachusetts.
A Psalm of Life
• It was first published in Voice of the Night in the September edition of New York Monthly in 1839. It is very influential in China, because it is said to be the first English poem translated into . • The poem was written in 1838 when Longfellow was struck with great dismay; his wife died in 1835, and his courtship of a young woman was unrequited. However, despite all the frustrations, Longfellow tried to encourage himself by writing a piece of optimistic work.
A Psalm of Life
• The relationship of life and death is a constant theme for poets. Longfellow expresses his pertinent interpretation to warn us that though life is hard and everybody must die, time and life is short, yet, human beings ought to be bold―to act,‖ to face the reality straightly so as to make otherwise meaningless life significant.
• Longfellow is generally regarded as the most distinguished poet the country had produced.
His life experience:
Longfellow was born in Portland, Maine, then part of Massachusetts, and studied at Bowdoin College. Henry Wadsworth Longfellow was enrolled in a dame school at the age of three and by age six was enrolled at the private Portland Academy. In his years there, he earned a reputation as being very studious and became fluent in Latin. In the fall of 1822, the 15-year old Longfellow enrolled at Bowdoin College in Brunswick, Maine, alongside his brother Stephen. There, Longfellow met Nathaniel Hawthorne, who would later become his lifelong friend. On September 14, 1831, Longfellow married Mary Storer Potter, a childhood friend from Portland. While in Europe he studied Swedish, dutch, and French. In 1835 Mary died after only four years of marriage in Rotterdam.
• He became the most popular American poet of his day and also had success overseas. He has been criticized, however, for imitating European styles and writing specifically for the masses.