纯电动汽车充电器设计【毕业作品】

BI YE SHE JI

（20 届）

纯电动汽车充电器设计

所在学院

专业班级自动化

学生姓名学号

指导教师职称

完成日期年月

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摘要

随着世界上能源问题与环境问题越来越突出，电动汽车有着零排放和高效的特点，因此受到越来越高的重视，但是纯电动汽车的充电问题依然是制约电动汽车快速发展的瓶颈。本文是在对大量的资料分析，电池特性及其发展现状的研究基础上,设计了可供纯电动汽车锂电池组充电使用的快速智能充电器。文中对锂电池的充电是采用先横流后恒压最后再浮充的三段式的充电方法。

本文首先介绍了课题的背影及意义和电池的充电方法。之后设计了主电路的拓扑，主电路部分主要包括功率因数校正电路及DC-DC变换电路，并对主电路的参数与器件进行了选择与设计。而后对控制电路进行了设计，控制电路主要是基于DSP来实现对充电器的控制，DSP依据估算的电池SOC值划分三阶段充电，而恒流恒压主要通过PID调节实现。同时本文还设计了电压，电流，温度等的检测电路，为防止过流过压及温度过高还设计了保护电路。最后设计了充电器的软件部分，着重介绍了SOC算法及基于SOC的三阶段充电控制流程。关键字：纯电动汽车，DSP，PFC，充电器

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Abstract

With the world's energy problems and environmental issues become more and more prominent, electric vehicles have zero emissions and efficient features and therefore subject to more and more attention, but the pure electric vehicle charging problem still is the bottleneck in the fast development of electric vehicles. This paper designs available pure electric vehicle lithium batteries used in the rapid smart charger on the basis of a lot of data analysis, present situation and characteristics of the battery. In the paper, charging of lithium battery is using the first cross-flow, constant pressure last float three-stage charging method.

This paper first Introduction back and significance of the subject and battery charging methods, After design the topological of the main circuity, the main part of the main circuit, including power factor correction circuit and DC-DC converter circuit, and the selection and design for the parameters and devices of the main circuits. Then the paper design the control circuit, the control circuit to implement the feedback control of the charger is based on DSP, the DSP based on the estimated SOC of battery is divided into three stages charging, and the realization of constant current constant voltage base on PID regulator. The article also designed the detection circuit of the voltage, current, temperature, etc., in order to prevent overcurrent, overvoltage and temperature the paper has also designed a protection circuit. Last design the software portion of the charger, highlighting the SOC algorithm and the SOC-based three-stage charge control process。

Keywords: pure electric vehicles, DSP, PFC , charger

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目录

摘要 ....................................................................................................................... I ABSTRACT ......................................................................................................... I I 目录 ..................................................................................................................... I II 第一章绪论 . (1)

1.1课题背景及意义 (1)

1.1.1电动汽车发展简介 (1)

1.1.2纯电动汽车充电设备的发展现状 (1)

1.2电动汽车的关键技术 (2)

1.2.1电池技术 (2)

1.2.2电力驱动及其控制 (3)

1.2.3总线控制系统 (4)

1.2.4电池管理系统 (4)

1.3蓄电池的充电方法 (5)

1.4论文的主要内容 (7)

第二章充电器硬件电路设计 (9)

2.1充电器总体方案的确定 (9)

2.2PFC电路设计 (10)

2.2.1功率因数校正技术 (10)

2.2.2 PFC硬件电路 (11)

2.2.3电路参数的计算 (14)

2.2DC-DC变换电路设计 (15)

2.3.1电路拓扑结构的选择 (15)

2.3.2电路参数的计算 (17)

2.4控制器设计 (19)

2.5DSP外围电路设计 (21)

2.5.1时钟电路设计 (21)

2.5.2电源及复位电路 (22)

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