2007年12月大学英语四级试题重点词汇和短语
12月大学英语四级考试重点词汇
xx年12月大学英语四级考试重点词汇xx年12月大学英语四级考试重点词汇essential a 必不可少的;本质的estimate n /vt 估计，估量evaluate vt 评估，评价exceed vt 超过，越出exceedingly ad 非常，极其exclaim v 呼喊，大声说exclude vt 把排斥在外，不包括exclusive a 读有的，排他的excursion n 远足flash vi 闪光，闪耀flee vi 逃走flexible a 易弯曲的flock n 羊群，(鸟兽等)一群;一伙人hardware n 五金器具harmony n 和谐，融洽haste n 急速，急忙hatred n 憎恶，憎恨incident n 事件，事变index n 索引，标志infant n 婴儿infect v 传染inferior a 劣等的，次的，下级的infinite a 无限的'ingredient n 组成局部inhabitant n 居民jail n 监狱jam n 果酱;拥挤，堵塞jewel n 宝石joint a连接的;共同的junior a 年少的;资历较浅的laser n 激光launch vt 发动，发起luxury n 奢侈;奢侈品mag n 磁铁，磁体male a 男性的，雄的female a 女性的，雌的manual a 用手的，手工做的 n 手册manufacture vt /n 制造，加工marine a 海的;海产的mutual a 相互的。
2007年12月大学英语四级真题及答案
2007年12月大学英语四级考试试题Part ⅠWriting (30 minutes)Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of What electives to choose. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given bellow:What electives to choose1. 各大学开设了各种各样的选修课2. 学生因为各种原因选择了不同的选修课3. 以你自己为例……Part ⅡReading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1 - 7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Universities Branch OutAs never before in their long history, universities have become instruments of national competition as well as instruments of peace. They are the place of the scientific discoveries that move economies forward, and the primary means of educating the talent required to obtain and maintain competitive advantage. But at the same time, the opening of national borders to the flow of goods, services, information and especially people has made universities a powerful force for global integration, mutual understanding and geopolitical stability.In response to the same forces that have driven the world economy, universities have become more self-consciously global: seeking students from around the world who represent the entire range of cultures and values, sending their own students abroad to prepare them for global careers, offering course of study that address the challenges of an interconnected world and collaborative (合作的) research programs to advance science for the benefit of all humanity.Of the forces shaping higher education none is more sweeping than the movement across borders. Over the past three decades the number of students leaving home each year to study abroad has grown at an annual rate of 3.9 percent, from 800,000 in 1975 to 2.5 million in 2004. Most travel from one developed nation to another, but the flow from developing to developed countries is growing rapidly. The reverse flow, from developed to developing countries, is on the rise, too. Today foreign students earn 30 percent of the doctoral degrees awarded in the United States and 38 percent of those in the United Kingdom. And the number crossing borders for undergraduate study is growing as well, to 8 percent of the undergraduates at America's best institutions and 10 percent of all undergraduates in the U.K. In the United States, 20 percent of the newly hired professors in science and engineering are foreign-born, and in China many newly hired faculty members at the top research universities received their graduate education abroad.Universities are also encouraging students to spend some of their undergraduate years in another country. In Europe, more than 140,000 students participate in the Erasmus program each year, taking courses for credit in one of 2,200 participating institutions across the continent. And in the United States, institutions are helping place students in summer internships (实习) abroad to prepare them for global careers. Yale and Harvard have led the way, offering every undergraduate at least one international study or internship opportunity -- and providing the financial resources to make it possible.Globalization is also reshaping the way research is done. One new trend involves sourcing portions of a research program to another country. Yale professor and Howard Hughes Medical Institute investigator Tian Xu directs a research center focused on the genetics of human disease at Shanghai's Fudan University, in collaboration with faculty colleagues from both schools. The Shanghai center has 95 employees and graduate students working in a 4,300-square-meter laboratory facility. Yale faculty, postdoctors and graduate students visit regularly and attend videoconference seminars with scientists from both campuses. The arrangement benefits both countries; Xu's Yale lab is more productive, thanks to the lower costs of conducting research in China, andChinese graduate students, postdoctors and faculty get on-the-job training from a world-class scientist and his U. S. team.As a result of its strength in science, the United States has consistently led the world in the commercialization of major new technologies, from the mainframe computer and the integrated circuit of the 1960s to the Internet infrastructure (基础设施) and applications software of the 1990s. The link between university-based science and industrial application is often indirect but sometimes highly visible: Silicon Valley was intentionally created by Stanford University, and Route 128 outside Boston has long housed companies spun off from MIT and Harvard. Around the world, governments have encouraged copying of this model, perhaps most successfully in Cambridge, England, where Microsoft and scores of other leading software and biotechnology companies have set up shop around the university.For all its success, the United States remains deeply hesitant about sustaining the research-university model. Most politicians recognize the link between investment in science and national economic strength, but support for research funding has been unsteady. The budget of the National Institutes of Health doubled between 1998 and 2003, but has risen more slowly than inflation since then. Support for the physical sciences and engineering barely kept pace with inflation during that same period. The attempt to make up lost ground is welcome, but the nation would be better served by steady, predictable increases in science funding at the rate of long-term GDP growth, which is on the order of inflation plus 3 percent per year.American politicians have great difficult recognizing that admitting more foreign students can greatly promote the national interest by increasing international understanding. Adjusted for inflation, public funding for international exchanges and foreign-language study is well below the levels of 40 years ago. In the wake of September 11, changes in the visa process caused a dramatic decline in the number of foreign students seeking admission to U. S. universities, and a corresponding surge in enrollments in Australia, Singapore and the U. K. Objections from American university and business leaders led to improvements in the process and a reversal of the decline, but the United States is still seen by many as unwelcoming to international students.Most Americans recognize that universities contribute to the nation's well-being through their scientific research, but many fear that foreign students threaten American competitiveness by taking their knowledge and skills back home. They fall to grasp that welcoming foreign students to the United States has two important positive effects: first, the very best of them stay in the States and -- like immigrants throughout history -- strengthen the nation; and second, foreign students who study in the United States become ambassadors for many of its most cherished (珍视) values when they return home. Or at least they understand them better. In America as elsewhere, few instruments of foreign policy are as effective in promoting peace and stability as welcoming international university students.1. From the first paragraph we know that present-day universities have become ______.A) more popularized than ever beforeB) in-service training organizationsC) a powerful force for global integrationD) more and more research-oriented2. Over the past decades, the enrollment of overseas students has increased ______.A) at an annual rate of 8 percent B) at an annual rate of 3.9 percentC) by 800,000 D) by 2.5 million3. In the United States, how many of the newly hired professors in science and engineering are foreign-born?A) 38%. B) 10%. C) 30% D) 20%.4. How do Yale and Harvard prepare their undergraduates for global careers?A) They give them chances for international study or internship.B) They arrange for them to participate in the Erasmus program.C) They offer them various courses in international politics.D) They organize a series of seminars on world economy.5. An example illustrating the general trend of universities' globalization is ______.A) Yale's establishing branch campuses throughout the worldB) Yale's student exchange program with European institutionsC) Yale's helping Chinese universities to launch research projectsD) Yale's collaboration with Fudan University on genetic research6. What do we learn about Silicon Valley from the passage?A) It is known to be the birthplace of Microsoft Company.B) It was intentionally created by Stanford University.C) It is where the Internet infrastructure was built up.D) It houses many companies spun off from MIT and Harvard.7. What is said about the U.S. federal funding for research?A) It has increased by 3 percent.B) It doubled between 1998 and 2003.C) It has been unsteady for years.D) It has been more than sufficient.8. The dramatic decline in the enrollment of foreign students in the U. S. after September 11 was caused by _______________________________.9. Many Americans fear that American competitiveness may be threatened by foreign students who will ______________________________.10. The policy of welcoming foreign students can benefit the U. S. in that the very best of them will stay and __________________________________.Part ⅢListening Comprehension (35 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D], and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Questions 11 to 18 are based on the conversation you have just heard.11. [A] She used to be in poor health. [C] She was somewhat overweight.[B] She was popular among boys. [D] She didn't do well at high school.12. [A] At the airport. [C] In a hooking office.[B] In a restaurant. [D] At the hotel reception.13. [A] Teaching her son by herself. [C] Asking the teacher for extra help.[B] Having confidence in her son. [D] Telling her son not to worry.14. [A] Have a short break. [C] Continue her work outdoors.[B] Take two weeks off. [D] Go on vacation with the man.15. [A] He is taking care of this twin brother. [C] He is worried about Rod's health.[B] He has been feeling ill all week. [D] He has been in perfect condition.16. [A] she sold all her furniture before she moved house.[B] She still keeps some old furniture in her new house.[C] She plans to put all her old furniture in the basement.[D] She brought a new set of furniture from Italy last month.17. [A] The woman wondered why the man didn't return the book.[B] The woman doesn't seem to know what the book is about.[C] The woman doesn't find the book useful any more.[D] The woman forgot lending the book to the man.18. [A] Most of the man's friends are athletes.[B] Few people share the woman's opinion.[C] The man doesn't look like a sportsman.[D] The woman doubts the man's athletic ability.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. [A] She has packed it in one of her bags. [C] She has probably left it in a taxi.[B] She is going to get it at the airport. [D] She is afraid that she has lost it.20. [A] It ends in winter. [C] It will last one week.[B] It will cost her a lot. [D] It depends on the weather.21. [A] The plane is taking off soon. [C]There might be a traffic jam.[B] The taxi is waiting for them. [D] There is a lot of stuff to pack.22. [A] At home. [C] At the airport.[B] In the man's car. [D] By the side of a taxi.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.23. [A] She is thirsty for promotion, [C] She is tired o f her present work.[B] She wants a much higher salary. [D] She wants to save travel expenses.24. [A] Translator. [C] Language instructor.[B] Travel agent. [D] Environmental engineer.25. [A] Lively personality and inquiring mind. [C] Devotion and work efficiency.[B] Communication skills and team spirit. [D] Education and experience.Section BDirections: In this section you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard.26. [A] They care a lot about children. [C] They want to enrich their life experience.[B] They need looking after in their old age. [D] They want children to keep them company.27. [A] They are usually adopted from distant places.[B] Their birth information is usually kept secret.[C] Their birth parents often try to conceal their birth information.[D] Their adoptive parents don't want them to know their birth parents.28. [A] They generally hold bad feelings towards their birth parents.[B] They do not want to hurt the feelings of their adoptive parents.[C] They have mixed feelings about finding their natural parents.[D] They are fully aware of the expenses involved in the search.29. [A] Early adoption makes for closer parent-child relationship.[B] Most people prefer to adopt children from overseas.[C] Understanding is the key to successful adoption.[D] Adoption has much to do with love.Passage TwoQuestions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.30. [A] He suffered from mental illness. [C] He turned a failing newspaper into a success.[B] He bought The Washington Post. [D] He was once a reporter for a major newspaper.31. [A] She was the first woman to lead a big U.S. publishing company.[B] She got her first job as a teacher at the University of Chicago.[C] She committed suicide because of her mental disorder.[D] She took over her father's position when he died.32. [A] People came to see the role of women in the business world.[B] Katharine played a major part in reshaping Americans' mind.[C] American media would be quite different without Katharine.[D] Katharine had exerted an important influence on the world.Passage ThreeQuestions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.33. [A] It'll enable them to enjoy the best medical care. [C] It'll protect them from possible financial crises.[B] It'll allow them to receive free medical treatment. [D] It'll prevent the doctors from overcharging them.34. [A] They can't immediately get back the money paid for their medical cost.[B] They have to go through very complicated application procedures.[C] They can only visit doctors who speak their native languages.[D] They may not be able to receive timely medical treatment.35. [A] They don't have to pay for the medical services.[B] They needn't pay the entire medical bill at once.[C] They must send the receipts to the insurance company promptly.[D] They have to pay a much higher price to get an insurance policy.Section CDirections:In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have jest heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.More and more of the world's population are living in towns or cities. The speed at which cities are growing in the less developed countries is (36) . Between 1920 and 1960 big cities in developed countries (37) two and a half times in size, but in other parts of the world the growth was eight times their size.The (38) size of growth is bad enough, but there are now also very (39) signs of trouble in the (40) of percentages of people living in towns and percentages of people working in industry. During the nineteenth century cities grew as a result of the growth of industry. In Europe, the (41) of people living in cities was always smaller than that of the (42) working in factories. Now, however, the (43) is almost always true in the newly industrialized world: (44)Without a base of people working in industry, these cities cannot pay for their growth; (45) There has been little opportunity to build water supplies or other facilities. (46) , a growth in the number of hopeless and despairing parents and starving children.Part ⅣReading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bankmore than once.As war spreads to many comers of the globe, children sadly have been drawn into the center of conflicts. In Afghanistan, Bosnia, and Colombia, however, groups of children have been taking part in peace education (47) . The children, after learning to resolve conflicts, took on the (48) of peacemakers. The Children's Movement for Peace in Colombia was even nominated (提名) for the Nobel Peace Prize in 1998. Groups of children (49) as peacemakers studied human rights and poverty issues in Colombia, eventually forming a group with five other schools in Bogota known as The Schools of Peace.The classroom (50) opportunities for children to replace angry, violent behaviors with (51) , peaceful ones. It is in the classroom that caring and respect for each person empowers children to take a step(52) toward becoming peacemakers. Fortunately, educators have access to many online resources that are(53) useful when helping children along the path to peace. The Young Peacemakers Club, started in 1992, provides a Website with resources for teachers and (54) on starting a Kindness Campaign. The World Centers of Compassion for Children International call attention to children's rights and how to help the (55) of war. Starting a Peacemakers' Club is a praiseworthy venture for a class and one that could spread to other classrooms and ideally affect the culture of the (56) school.A) victims I) forwardB) technology J) especiallyC) role K) entireD) respectively L) cooperativeE) projects M) comprehensiveF) offers N) assumingG) information O) actingH) imagesSection BDirections:There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneIn this age of Internet chat, videogames and reality television, there is no shortage of mindless activities to keep a child occupied. Yet, despite the competition, my 8-yoar-old daughter Rebecca wants to spend her leisure time writing short stories. She wants to enter one of her stories into a writing contest, a competition she won last year.As a writer I know about winning contests, and about losing them. I know what it is like to work hard on a story only to receive a rejection slip from the publisher. I also know the pressures of trying to live up to a reputation created by previous victories. What if she doesn't win the contest again? That's the strange thing about being a parent. So many of our own past scars and dashed hopes can surface.A revelation (启示) came last week when I asked her, "Don't you want to win again?" "No," she replied, "I just want to tell the story of an angel going to first grade."I had just spent weeks correcting her stories as she spontaneously ( 自发地) told them. Telling myself that I was merely an experienced writer guiding the young writer across the hall, I offered suggestions for characters, conflicts and endings for her tales. The story about a fearful angel starting first grade was quickly "guided" by me into the tale of a little girl with a wild imagination taking her first music lesson. I had turned her contest into my contest without even realizing it.Staying back and giving kids space to grow is not as easy as it looks. Because I know very little about farm animals who use tools or angels who go to first grade, I had to accept the fact that I was co-opting (借用) my daughter's experience.While stepping back was difficult for me, it was certainly a good first step that I will quickly follow with more steps, putting myself far enough a way to give her room but close enough to help if asked. All the while I will be reminding myself that children need room to experiment, grow and find their own voices.57. What do we learn from the first paragraph?A) A lot of distractions compete for children's time nowadays.B) Children do find lots of fun in many mindless activities.C) Rebecca is much too occupied to enjoy her leisure time.D) Rebecca draws on a lot of online materials for her writing.58. What did the author say about her own writing experience?A) She was constantly under pressure of writing more.B) Most of her stories had been rejected by publishers.C) She did not quite live up to her reputation as a writer.D) Her way to success was full of pains and frustrations.59. Why did Rebecca want to enter this year's writing contest?A) She had won a prize in the previous contest.B) She wanted to share her stories with readers.C) She was sure of winning with her mother's help.D) She believed she possessed real talent for writing.60. The author took great pains to refine her daughter's stories becauseA) she wanted to help Rebecca realize her dreams of becoming a writerB) she was afraid Rebecca's imagination might run wild while writingC) she did not want to disappoint Rebecca who needed her help so muchD) she believed she had the knowledge and experience to offer guidance61. What's the author's advice for parents?A) Children should be given every chance to voice their opinions.B) Parents should keep an eye on the activities their kids engage in.C) Children should be allowed freedom to grow through experience.D) A writing career, though attractive, is not for every child to pursue.Passage TwoBy almost any measure, there is a boom in Internet-based instruction. In just a few years, 34 percent of American universities have begun offering some form of distance leaning (DL), and among the larger schools, it's closer to 90 percent. If you doubt the popularity of the trend, you probably haven't heard of the University of Phoenix. It grants degrees entirely on the basis of online instruction. It enrolls 90,000 students, a statistic used to support its claim to be the largest private university in the country.While the kinds of instruction offered in these programs will differ, DL usually signifies a course in which the instructors post syllabi (课程大纲), reading assignments, and schedules on Websites, and students send in their assignments by e-mail. Generally speaking, face-to-face communication with an instructor is minimized or eliminated altogether.The attraction for students might at first seem obvious. Primarily, there's the convenience promised by courses on the Net: you can do the work, as they say, in your pajamas (睡衣). But figures indicate that the reduced effort results in a reduced commitment to the course. While dropout rates for all freshmen at American universities is around 20 percent, the rate for online students is 35 percent. Students themselves seem to understand the weaknesses inherent in the setup. In a survey conducted for eCornell, the DL division of Cornell University, less than a third of the respondents expected the quality of the online course to be as good as the classroom course.Clearly, from the schools' perspective, there's a lot of money to be saved. Although some of the more ambitious programs require new investments in servers and networks to support collaborative software, most DLcourses can run on existing or minimally upgraded (升级) systems. The more students who enroll in a course but don't come to campus, the more school saves on keeping the lights on in the classrooms, paying doorkeepers, and maintaining parking lots. And, while there's evidence that instructors must work harder to run a DL course for a variety of reasons, they won't be paid any more, and might well be paid less.62. What is the most striking feature of the University of Phoenix?A) It boasts the largest number of students on campus.B) All its courses are offered online.C) Its online courses are of the best quality.D) Anyone taking its online courses is sure to get a degree.63. According to the passage, distance learning is basically characterized by ______.A) a minimum or total absence of face-to-face instructionB) a considerable flexibility in its academic requirementsC) the great diversity of students' academic backgroundsD) the casual relationship between students and professors64. Many students take Internet-based courses mainly because they can ______.A) save a great deal on traveling and boarding expensesB) select courses from various colleges and universitiesC) work on the required courses whenever and whereverD) earn their academic degrees with much less effort65. What accounts for the high drop-out rates for online students?A) There is no mechanism to ensure that they make the required effort.B) There is no strict control over the academic standards of the courses.C) The evaluation system used by online universities is inherently weak.D) Lack of classroom interaction reduces the effectiveness of instruction.66. According to the passage, universities show great enthusiasm for DL programs for the purpose of ______.A) building up their reputationB) upgrading their teaching facilitiesC) providing convenience for studentsD) cutting down on their expensesPart ⅤCloze (15 minutes)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D) on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.One factor that can influence consumers is their mood state. Mood may be defined (67) a temporary and mild positive or negative feeling that is generalized and not tied (68) any particular circumstance. Moods should be (69) from emotions which are usually more intense, (70) to specific circumstances, and often conscious. (71) one sense, the effect of a consumer's mood can be thought of in (72) the same way as can our reactions to the (73) of our friends -- when our friends are happy and "up", that trends to influence us positively, (74) when they are "down", that can have a (75) impact on us. Similarly, consumers operating under a (76) mood state tend to react to stimuli (刺激因素) in a direction (77) with that mood state. Thus, for example, we should expect to see (78) in a positive mood state evaluate products in more of a (79) manner than they would when not in such a state. (80) , mood states appear capable of (81) a consumer's memory.Moods appear to be (82) influenced by marketing techniques. For example, the rhythm, pitch, and (83) of music has been shown to influence behavior such as the (84) of time spent in supermarkets or (85) to purchase products. In addition, advertising can influence consumers' moods which, in (86) , are。
12月大学英语四级词汇
12月大学英语四级词汇大学英语四级重点词汇1) quite 相当 quiet 安静地2) affect v 影响, 假装 effect n 结果, 影响3) adapt 适应 adopt 采用 adept 内行4) angel 天使 angle 角度5) dairy 牛奶厂 diary 日记6) contend 奋斗, 斗争 content 内容, 满足的 context 上下文contest 竞争, 比赛7) principal 校长, 主要的 principle 原则8) implicit 含蓄的 explicit 明白的9) dessert 甜食 desert 沙漠 v 放弃 dissert 写论文10) pat 轻拍 tap 轻打 slap 掌击 rap 敲，打11) decent 正经的 descent n 向下, 血统 descend v 向下12) sweet 甜的 sweat 汗水13) later 后来 latter 后者 latest 最近的 lately adv 最近14) costume 服装 custom 习惯15) extensive 广泛的 intensive 深刻的16) aural 耳的 oral 口头的17) abroad 国外 aboard 上(船，飞机)18) altar 祭坛 alter 改变19) assent 同意 ascent 上升 accent 口音20) champion 冠军 champagne 香槟酒 campaign 战役21) baron 男爵 barren 不毛之地的 barn 古仓22) beam 梁，光束 bean 豆 been have 过去式23) precede 领先 proceed 进行，继续24) pray 祈祷 prey 猎物25) chicken 鸡 kitchen 厨房26) monkey 猴子 donkey 驴27) chore 家务活 chord 和弦 cord 细绳28) cite 引用 site 场所 sight 视觉29) clash (金属)幢击声 crash 碰幢，坠落 crush 压坏30) compliment 赞美 complement 附加物英语四级词汇背诵技巧appall---------"我怕"------------惊骇，吓人apoplectic-----"我怕哪个?" ------狂怒的asthma------"阿诗玛"-----------气管炎barbarous-----"爸爸惹事" --------野蛮的bawdy-------"鸨的"----------------淫秽的'bauble-------"抱吧"-------------不值钱的珠宝(才让你随便拿) bale--------"背"(东北话：点背)------灾祸，不幸bazaar---------"巴扎"(新疆话)------集市belle---------"贝勒"(格格之类)----美女cacophony---"卡壳"------------刺耳的声音canopy-------"盖了披 " ---------遮蓬cantankerous-------"啃坦克"--------脾气坏的;好吵架的caulk----"卡壳"---------填塞，堵住chap------"扯破"--------(皮肤)皴裂chicane------"欺坑" -----------诈骗coup-----"酷!"-------好主意deaden-------"呆等"-----失去活力，减弱deadpan------"呆的"---------无表情的脸dart-------------"打他"-----------飞标dangle------"荡喔"-------吊胃口daunt--------"咚"(敲桌子发出的声音)--------威吓deed--------"地的"--------地契dilate-------"大了 "-----------(使)膨胀dilapidated-----"打烂皮的 " ---------毁坏的dolt---------"逗他"----------------蠢人dodder-----"倒的"----------摇摆;蹒跚dross--------"渣滓"--------------浮渣，糟粕fen-------------"粪"---------------泥沼，湿地forgo------"for狗"(MM)抛弃(我)，等于把我的心拿去喂狗了!----抛弃fulminate------"发霉，你!"-----------严词谴责-gaggle---------"嘎嘎"(鹅叫声)------鹅群gargantuan-----"高高大"---------巨大的，高大的giggle---"咯咯"-------傻笑hermit-------"何处觅她"-------隐士howler-------"好乐"------------滑稽可笑的错误howl---------"号、嚎"-----------咆哮，大声哭笑hone----"霍霍!"--------磨刀(霍霍向牛羊)hood----"护的"--------头巾(大冬天的，保护耳朵) hustler-------"哈斯勒"(德国队中场)------非常活跃的人indoctrinate----"硬倒 "-----灌输。
2007.12英语四级听力真题及详解(附听力原文)
2007.12Listening ComprehensionSection A11. A) She used to be in poor health. C) She was somewhat overweightB) She was popular among boys. D) She didn’t do well at high school.12. A) At he airport. C) In a booking office.B) In a restaurant. D) At the hotel reception.13. A) Teaching her son by herself. C) Asking the teacher for extra help.B) Having confidence in her son. D) Telling her son not to worry.14. A) Have a short break. C) Continue her work outdoors.B) Take two weeks off. D) Go on vacation with the man.15. A) He is taking care of this twin brother. C) He is worried about Rod’s health.C) He ha been feeling ill all week. D) He has been in perfect condition.16. A) She sold all her furniture before she moved house.B) She still keeps some old furniture in her new house.C) She plans to put all her old furniture in the basement.D) She brought a new set of furniture from Italy last month.17. A) The woman wondered why the man didn’t return the book.B) The woman doesn’t seem to know what the book is about.C) The woman doesn’t find the book useful any more.D) The woman forgot lending the book to the man.18. A) Most of the man’s friends are athletes.B) Few people share the woman’s opinion.C) The man doesn’t look like a sportsman.D) The woman doubts the man’s athletic ability.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have heard.19. A) She has packed it in one of her bags.B) She has probably left it in a taxi.C) She id going to get it the airport.D) She is afraid that she has lost it.20) A) It ends in winter.B) It will cost her a lot.C) It will last one week.D) It depends on the weather.21. A) The plane is taking off soon.B) There might be a traffic jam.C) The taxi is waiting for them.D) There is a lot of stuff to pack.22. A) At home.B) In the man’s car.C) At the airport.D) By the side of a taxi.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.23. A) She is thirsty for promotion.B) She wants a much higher salary.C) She is tired of her present work.D) She wants to save travel expenses.24. A) Translator.B) Travel agent.C) Language instructor.D) Environment engineer.25. A) Lively personality and inquiring mind.B) Communication skills and team spirit.C) Devotion and work efficiency.D) Education and experience.Section BPassage OneQuestions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard. 26．A）They care a lot about children.B）They need looking after in their old age.C）They want to enrich their life experience.D）They want children to keep them company.27. A. They are usually adopted from distant places.B.Their birth information is usually kept secret.C.Their birth parents often try to conceal their birth information.D.Their adoptive parents don’t want them to know their birth parents.28. A.They generally hold bad feelings towards their birth parents.B. They do not want to hurt the feelings of their adoptive parents.C. They have mixed feelings about finding their natural parents.D.They are fully aware of the expenses involved in the search.29. A.Early adoption makes for closer parent-child relationship.B.Most people prefer to adopt children from overseas.C.Understanding is the key to successful adoption.D.Adoption has much to do with love.Passage TwoQuestions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.30. A.He suffered from mental illness.B.He bought the washing on post.C.He turned a failing newspaper into a success.D.He was once a reporter for a major newspaper.31. A.She was the first woman to lead a big U.S. publishing company.B.She got her first job as a teacher at the University of Chicago.C.She committed suicide because of her mental disorder.D.She took over her father’s position when he died.32. A.People came to see the role of women in the business world.B.Katharine played a major part in reshaping Americans’ mind.C.American media would be quite different without Katharine.D.Katharine had exerted an important influence on the world.Passage ThreeQuestions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.33. A.It’ll enable them to enjoy the best medical care.B.It’ll allow them to receive free medical theatment.C.It’ll protect them from possible financial crises.D.It’ll preent the doctors from overcharging them.34．A）They can’t immediately get back the money paid for their medical cost.B）They have to go through very complicated application procedures.C）They can only visit doctors who speak their native languages.D）They may not be able to receive timely medical treatment.35．A）They don’t have to pay for the medical services.B）They needn’t pay the entire medical bill at once.C）They must send the receipts to the insurance company promptly.D）They have to pay a much higher price to get an insurance policy.Key：11. C) W: I ran into Sally the other day. I could hardly recognize her. Do you remember herfrom high school?M: Yeah, she was a little out of shape back then. Well, has she lost a lot of weight? She was somewhat overweightQ: What does the man remember of Sally?语义推断题。
大学英语四级2007年12月
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Part I Skimmin foreign students threaten American competitiveness by taking their knowledge and skills back home
American competitiveness is threatened by foreign students (by taking their knowledge and skills back home)
2007.12
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Part I 快速阅读
（一） 阅读题目以预测文章内容
（二）重视小标题在文中的纲要性作用
没有小标题利用首末段及段首句快速掌 握文章主旨。
（三）注意标点符号的使用
（四）注意逻辑关系的运用
（五）特殊信息点在快速阅读中的运用
时间，数字，人名，地名，大写字母， 斜体，黑体
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选词填空阅读
▪ （一） 跳读全文，抓住中心
▪ （二）阅读选项，词性分类 ▪ （三） 瞻前顾后，灵活选择 ▪ （四）复读全文，谨慎调整
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解题技巧
▪ 词性
▪ 动词 原形，第三人称单数，动词过去式、 现在分词及过去分词；
▪ 名词 可数名词及不可数名词、单复数形式。 ▪ 形容词 原级、比较级、最高级 ▪ 副词 原级、比较级、最高级
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选择题型阅读
▪ 主题和定位 ▪ 同义改写
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感谢您的阅读收藏，谢谢！
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历年英语四级考试真题高频词汇短语
历年英语四级考试真题高频词汇1、介词＋名词by accident 偶然on account of 由于由于in addition to in addition to in the air in the air 流传中流传中on(the/an) average 平均，通常on the basis of 以…为基础at best 至多for the better 好转，向好的方向发展好转，向好的方向发展on board on business out of breath in any case in any case in case of in case of in case of in case in case in no case 决不by chance in charge (of) (a)round the clock 日夜不停的日夜不停的in common in conclusion in consequence of on condition(that) 如果on the contrary 正相反正相反in contrast to/with 与…形成对比out of control under control at the cost of 以…为代价at all costs 不惜任何代价，无论如何不惜任何代价，无论如何in the course of 在…过程中／期间of course in danger out of danger out of date up to date in demand in debt in difficulties in the distance off duty on duty on earth 究竟，到底at all events 无论如何无论如何at any event 无论如何，不管怎样无论如何，不管怎样in the event of 万一for example/instance in fact in the face of …在…面前in favor of 赞同，支持赞同，支持in force 生效in front of on fire on foot on (one ’s) guard against in future 今后，从今以后in the future 在将来在将来in general 一般in half 成两半at hand 在手边，在附近by hand 用手／体力hand in hand 密切关联密切关联in hand （工作等）在进行／控制中on hand 在手边，在近处on the one hand/ on the other hand 一方面／另一方面in a hurry 冲忙冲忙at heart 内心里，本质上by heart 凭记性at home in honor of 为纪念，为向为纪念，为向…表示敬意on/upon one ’s honor 以名誉担保at intervals 每隔一段时间at (long) last 终于终于at least 至少at length 终于，详细地in (the) light of 鉴于，由于hand down 把…传下去2 动词＋名词＋（介词）have/gain access to 可以获得可以获得take take…… into account 考虑到考虑到take advantage of 利用利用pave the way (for) 铺平道路，为…做准备pay attention to 注意注意do/try one ’s best 尽力get/have the best of 战胜make the best of 充分利用get/have the better of 战胜，在…占上风catch one ’s breath 屏息take care 当心take care of take a chance 冒险，投机冒险，投机take charge 开始管理keep keep…… company 陪伴take delight in 以…为乐make a difference 有影响，起重要作用有影响，起重要作用bring/put bring/put……into effect 使生效，实行come/go into effect 生效生效take effect 生效，起作用catch one ’s eye 引起…的注意的注意 keep an eye on 密切注意密切注意make a face find fault with catch (be on) fire make friends with be friends with make fun of keep one ’s head 保持镇静保持镇静 in the world 究竟，到底究竟，到底究竟，到底 lose one ’s head 慌乱慌乱 lose heart 失去信心／勇气失去信心／勇气get/catch/take hold of 抓住，得到抓住，得到抓住，得到 keep house 管理家务管理家务 throw/cast light on/upon 使人了解，阐明使人了解，阐明使人了解，阐明 bear/keep bear/keep……in mind 记住记住 have in mind 考虑到，想到考虑到，想到考虑到，想到 make up one ’s mind 下定决心下定决心 bring/put into operation 实施，使生效／运行实施，使生效／运行 come/go into operation 施行，实行，生效施行，实行，生效施行，实行，生效 keep pace (with) 与….齐步前进／并驾齐驱齐步前进／并驾齐驱play a part in …在…中其作用／扮演角色中其作用／扮演角色take place 发生,进行，举行进行，举行 take the place of 代替，取代代替，取代put put……into practice 实施，实行实施，实行 make progress 取得进步取得进步make sense 讲得通，有意义，言之有理讲得通，有意义，言之有理catch sight of 发现，突然看见发现，突然看见发现，突然看见 (go) on the stage 当演员当演员take one ’s time 不着急不着急 keep track of 与…保持联系保持联系 lose track of 失去与失去与…的联系，不能跟上…的进展的进展make use of 利用利用利用 put put……to use 使用使用give way 让路，屈服，倒塌让路，屈服，倒塌 make one ’s way 前进，行进，去前进，行进，去make way 让路，腾出地方或位置让路，腾出地方或位置3. 名词词组的其他形式appeal to 呼吁，恳求呼吁，恳求 attempt at 企图，努力企图，努力 attitude to/towards 态度，看法态度，看法a great/good deal of interference in 干涉，介入干涉，介入 interference with 妨碍，打扰妨碍，打扰 introduction to 介绍介绍 a lot of /lots of fall in love(with sb) reply to 回答，答复回答，答复 trolley bus 电车电车 I.D card 身份证身份证 credit card 信用证信用证 no doubt 无疑无疑 next door 隔壁隔壁out of doors 在户外在户外在户外 face to face 面对面地面对面地面对面地 (quite) a few (quite) a little little by little 逐渐地，一点点地逐渐地，一点点地逐渐地，一点点地 no matter 无论无论the moment(that)…一…就 no more 不再不再 fair play 公平竞赛，公平对待公平竞赛，公平对待 rest room 厕所，盥洗间厕所，盥洗间 primary school 小学小学side by side 肩并肩地，一起肩并肩地，一起肩并肩地，一起 heart and soul 全心全意全心全意全心全意 step by step 逐步地逐步地逐步地 ahead of time 提前提前提前 all the time 一直，始终一直，始终一直，始终 once upon a time 从前从前 once in a while 偶尔偶尔 no wonder 难怪难怪word for word 逐字地逐字地逐字地 decline with thanks 婉言谢绝婉言谢绝婉言谢绝4. 形容词与介词的搭配absent from 缺席缺席 abundant in 富于富于 alien to 与相反与相反angry with sb./at(about) sth. 生气，愤怒生气，愤怒anxious about/for 忧虑，担心忧虑，担心 appropriate for/to 适当，合适适当，合适applicable to 适用于适用于 apt at 善于善于 apt to 易于易于approximate to 接近接近 available to sb. for sth.可用，可供可用，可供 bare of 几乎没有，缺乏几乎没有，缺乏 bound for 开往开往 capable of 能够能够 careful of/about/with 小心，注意小心，注意 certain of/about 确信，肯定确信，肯定 characteristic of 特有，独特特有，独特 clear of 没有，不接触没有，不接触 clever at 善于善于 close to 接近，亲近接近，亲近 comparable to/with 可比较可比较 conscious of 察觉到，意识到察觉到，意识到 consequent on 随之而来随之而来 considerate towards 体贴，体谅体贴，体谅 contemporary with 与…同时代同时代 content with 满足于满足于 contrary to 违反违反 counter to 与…相反相反 crazy about 热衷，着迷热衷，着迷 critical of 挑剔，批评挑剔，批评 curious about 好奇好奇 distinct from 种类(风格)不同不同 doubtful of/about 怀疑怀疑 east of 在…东面东面 equal to 相等，胜任相等，胜任 equivalent to 等于，相当于等于，相当于 essential to/for 必不可少必不可少 expert at/in/on 善于善于 faithful to 忠于忠于 familiar to sb. 为某人所熟悉为某人所熟悉为某人所熟悉 familiar with sth. 对…熟悉熟悉 fatal to 致命的致命的 favorable to 支持，赞成支持，赞成 favorable for 有帮助的有帮助的 fearful of 惧怕惧怕 fit for 适于适于 foreign to 非…所原有所原有 fond of 喜欢喜欢 free of/from 免于，免费免于，免费 free with 慷慨，大方慷慨，大方 guilty of 有…罪的罪的 hungry for 渴望渴望 ignorant of 不知道，对…无知无知 impatient at sth 不耐烦不耐烦不耐烦 impatient of 无法容忍无法容忍 impatient for 急切，渴望急切，渴望 independent of 不受…的支配的支配 indifferent to 不关心不关心 indignant with 愤慨愤慨 inferior to 低于，不如低于，不如innocent of 无…罪的罪的 intent on 专心于专心于 invisible to 不可见的不可见的 jealous of 嫉妒嫉妒 keen on 喜欢喜欢liable for 对…有责任的有责任的 liable to 易于易于loyal to 忠于忠于 mad at/with 生气，愤怒生气，愤怒 mad with 因…发狂发狂 next to 下一个，其次下一个，其次 necessary to/for 必要的必要的 opposite to 在对面在对面 open to 不限制，开放的不限制，开放的 particular about 挑剔，讲究挑剔，讲究 parallel to 与…平行，类似平行，类似 peculiar to 独有的，独特的独有的，独特的 patient with 有耐心的有耐心的 prior to 在…之前之前 popular with 受…欢迎／爱戴欢迎／爱戴 representative of 代表…的 relative to 与…有关有关 rich in 富于富于responsible for 对…负责的负责的 sensitive to 对…敏感的敏感的 sensible of 觉察到觉察到 sick of 厌恶，厌倦厌恶，厌倦 short of 缺乏缺乏 skilled at/in 善于善于 similar to 相似的相似的 sufficient for 足够的足够的 subject to 受制于，易于受制于，易于 superior to 优于，级别高于优于，级别高于 suitable for/to 适合于适合于 suspicious of 怀疑怀疑 sure of/about 确信，对…有信心有信心 typical of 是典型的，特有的是典型的，特有的 tired of 对…厌倦厌倦vital to 对…关系重大关系重大 uncertain of/about 不确知不确知 mad about/on 狂热迷恋狂热迷恋 void of 没有，缺乏没有，缺乏。
2007年专业英语四级考试语法词汇真题及参考答案（1）
[1] 语法词汇部分试题及参考答案51. There are as good fish in the sea __C__ ever came out of it.A.thanB.likeC.asD. so52. All the President’s Men __B__one of the important books for historians who study the Watergate Scandal.A.remainB. remainsC.remainedD. is remaining53. “You __A__ borrow my notes provided you take care of them.” I told my friend.A.couldB.shouldC.mustD. can54. If only the patient __A__ a different treatment instead of using the antibofies he might still be alive now.A.had receivedB.receivedC.should receiveD. were receiving55.Linda was __B__ the experiment a month ago but she changed her mind at the last minute.A.to startB. to have startedC.to be startingD. to have been starting56. She __D__ fifty or so when I first met her at the conference.A. must beB.had beenC.could beD. must have been57. It is not __C__ much the language as the background that makes the book difficult to understand.A. thatB.soC.soD. very58.The committee has anticipated the problems that __D__ in the road construction project.A. ariseB.will ariseC.aroseD. have arisen59. The student said there were a few points in the essay he __A__ impossible to comprehend.A. had foundB.will ariseC.aroseD. have arisen60. He would have finished his college education, but he __C__ to quit and find a job to support his family.A. had hadB. hasC.hadD. would have61. The research requires more money than __B__ has been put in.A. have been put inB.has been put inC.being put inD. to be put in62. Overpopulation poses a terrible threat to the human race. Yet it is probably __B__ a threat to the human race than environmental destruction.A.no moreB. not moreC. even moreD. much more63. It is not uncommon for there __D__ problems of communication between the old and the young.A.beingB.would beC.beD. to be64. __B__ at in his way, the situation doesn’t seem so desperate.A. LookingB.LookedC.Being lookedD. To look65. It is absolutely essential that William __C__ his study in spite of learning difficulties.A.will continueB.continuedC.continueD. continues66. The painting he bought at the street market the other day was a __D__ forgery.A.man-madeB.naturalC.crudeD. real67. She’s always been kind to me- I can’t just turn __A__ on her now that she needs my help.A. my backB.my headC.my eyeD. my shoulder68. The bar in the club is for the __B__ use of its members.A.extensiveB.exclusiveC.inclusiveD. comprehensive69. The tuition fees are __C__ to students coming from low-income families.A.approachableB.payableC.reachableD. affordable70.The medical experts warned the authorities of the danger of disease in the __A__ of the earthquake.A.consequenceB.aftermathC.resultD. affect71. This sort of rude behavior in public hardly __B__ a person in your position.A.becomesB.fitsC.sopportsD. improves72. I must leave now. __B__ if you want that book I’ll bring it next time.A.AccendentallyB.IncidentallyC.EventuallyD. Naturally73. After a long delay, she __D__ replying to my e-mail.A.got away withB. got back atC.got byD. got round toget around to doing something :to find time to do something. I wanted to see that movie but never got around to it.74. Personal computers are no longer sth beyond the ordinary people. They are __C__ available these days.A.gwowinglyB.instantlyC.readilyD. quickly75. In my first year at the university I learnt the __A__ of journalism.A. basicsB. basicC.elementaryD. elements76. According to the new tax law, my money earned over that level is taxed at the __D__ of 39%.A. ratioB. percentageC. proportionD. rate77. Thousands of __C__ at the stadium came to their feet to pay tribute to an outstanding performance.A.audienceB. participantsC.spectatorsD. observers78. We stood still, gazing out over the limitless __C__ of the desert.A. spaceB.expanseC.stretchD. land79. Doctors often __C__ uneasiness in the people they deal with.A.smeltB.hearC.senseD. touch80. Mary sat at the table, looked at the glare and __C__ her lips.A. smackedB. openedC.partedD. separated。
07版大学英语四级词汇词组表20100206
大学英语词组表Aa bita case in pointa far cry froma fewa good / great deala good / great manya littlea lota lot / lots ofa number ofa piece of cakea sea ofa variety ofabandon oneself toabide byabove allabove boardabove/over one's headaccording toaccount foraccuse sb of sthacross the boardact onact outact upadd inadd onadd upaddup toafter allagainn and againahead ofahead of scheduleahead of timeall alongall at onceall butall in allall manner ofall of a suddenall overall aver againall rightall the sameall the timeall the wayall the whileall things consideredall thumbsallow forallow ofalong withamount to and so on/forthangle for answer foranything butanything likeapart fromapply toarm in armaround/round the corneras a matter of factas a resultas a result ofas a ruleas a wholeas far asas followsas for/ toas good asas if/ thoughas it isas it wereas often as notas opposed toas regardsas soon asas suchas wellas well asas yetas/ so far as … be concernedas /so long asas…asaside fromassociate withat (long) lastat a glanceat a lossat a stretchat a timeat allat all costsat all eventsat all timesat any priceat any rateat bestat easeat faultat firstat first glanceat first sightat fu;; balstat handat heartat homeat intervalsat largeat leastat leisureat lengthat libertyat mostat no timeat onceat one timeat one with sbat one's wits' endat peaceat presentat riskat sb's disposalat seaat short/a moment's notice at stakeat the expense ofat the latestat the mercy ofat the momentat the outsideat the risk ofat the same timeat timesat willat workat/in a pinchat/on sightavail oneself ofBback and forthback awayback down/offback outback upbadly offbank onbargain for/onbarge inbe about to dobe addicted tobe aware ofbe bound up inbe composed ofbe fed up withbe friends withbe in forbe mad aboutbe made up ofbe named afterbe to blamebe/get used to doing sth be/stand in awe of bear downbear on/uponbear outbear upbear withbear/keep in mindbeat downbeat upbecome ofbefore longbeg offbehind barshehind sb's back behind the scenes behind the times believe inbeside oneslefbeside the pointbetter offbeyond (a) doubt beyond all question beyond beliefbeyond measure beyond/without compare bit by bitblack and blueblock inblock offblock upboard upboil down toboil overbook inborder onbounce backbox inbranch outbreak awaybreak downbreak evenbreak inbreak intobreak offbreak outbreak sb's heartbreak the icebreak throughbreak upbrim over withbring around/roundbring downbring forthbring forwardbring into beingbring into playbring offbring onbring outbring the house down bring throughbring tobring to justicebring to lifebring to lightbring to one's knees bring upbring up the rearbring/carry/put intp effect bring/ put into operation bring…home tobristle withbrush asidebrush offbrush upbuck upbudget forbuild inbuild intobuild on/uponbuild upbump intobundle upburn downburn outburn upburst intoburst outburst upon/ on sthbut forbut thenbuy intpbuy offbuy upby accidentby all meansby analogyby and byby and largeby any chanceby chnceby common consentby/ in comparisonby / in contrastby courtesy ofby degreesby farby handby heartby itselfby / in leaps and bounds by means ofby mistakeby no meansby reason of by rights by the bookby the byby the same tokenby the wayby trial and errorby turnsby virtue ofby way ofCcall backcall forcall incall in/into question call it a daycall offcall on/uponcall outcall upcalm down campaign forcannot/could not help capable ofcare forcarry forwardcarry offcarry oncarry outcarry overcarry throughcarry weightcarve outcash downcash in oncast about/ around (for) cast asidecast offcast outcast/ draw lotscatch (on) firecatch atcatch oncatch one's breath catch outcatch sb's eyecatch sight ofcatch up (with)catch/get /take hold of chance on/upon change one's mind change overcharge sb with sth cheat oncheck incheck utcheck up oncheer oncheer upchew overchoke backchoke upclean outclean upclear cutclear offclear upclose byclose downclose upcome aboutcome acrosscome alongcome apartcome around /round come atcome betweencome bycome down (to) come income in forcome intocome into being come intp one's own come into playcome offcome oncome outcome out witcome roundcome throughcome tocome to a head come to blowscome to lifecoem to lightcome to no harm come to one's senses come to termscome truecome undercome upcome up against come up forcome up tocome up withcome/drwa to a closecome/get to grips come/ go into grips come/go into effect come/gp into operation commit a crime compare notes confide incook upcool down/offcope withcount againstcount downcount incount on/uponcount outcount upcover forcover upcraxk downcrack upcrawl upcrop upcross outcrowd incry out (for)cure sb of sthcurl upcut acrosscut backcut cornerscut downcut incut offcut outcut shortcut upDdash offdate backdate fromdawn onday and nightday offdeal indeal with decide on/ upon die awaydie downdie ofdie outdig updig into dispense with dispose ofdo away withdo fordo justice todo one's bitdo one's utmost do sb gooddo the hono)u)rs do updo withdo withoutdo your sharedo / try one's best double updown withdoze offdrag on/out draw indraw intodraw ondraw outdraw updress updrive atdrive awaydrop by /indrop offdrop outdrum updry outdry updue todwell on / uponE ease off /upend inend upenter intoenter on / upon even aseven if /though ever soevery bitevery now and then every otherevery so often except for explain awayF face to faceface up tofall apartfall behindfall forfall in love withsb fall in withfall offfall on / uponfall outfall prey tofall short offall throghfall tofar and widefar fromfeel likefeel the pinchfight backfight offfigure outfill infill outfill the billfill upfind fault withfind outfinish upfirst and foremost first of allfish forfit as a fiddlefit in withfit intofix onfix upflick through follow one's nose follow through follow upfool about / around for allfor anythingfor certainfor everfor examplefor fear of / that for freefor funfor goodfor good measure for instancefor lifefor nothingfor one thingfor one's partfor realfor salefor shortfor surefor the matterfor the betterfor the momentfor the presentfor the recordfor the sake offor the time being foul upfrom scratchfrom the bottom of one's heart from time to timeGgain groundgain ongain / gather momentum gamble awaygear upget a move onget aboutget acrossget aheadget alongget around / roundget atget awayget away withget back toget byget down to businessget even withget inget intoget nowhereget offget off the groundget onget on sb's nervesget on withget outget overget rid ofget roundget throughget to knowget togetherget upget / have the better ofgive awaygive backgive birth togive free rein togive ingive outgive over togive rise togive up give waygo aboutgo aftergo againstgo aheadgo alonggo along withgo around /roundto atgo awaygo back ongo bygo downgo forgo from bad to worse go halvesgo in forgo into go into details go offgo ongo outgo out of businessgo out of one's way go overgo roundgo the rounds ofgo throughgo to bedgo to courtgo to extremesgo to great lengths go to piecesgo undergo upgo wildgo withgo withoutgo without sayinggo wronggrind outgrow intogrow ongrow outgrow out ofgrow upguard againstHhack intohack throughhad betterhad / would rather (than) hail fromhammer away at hammer outhand backhand downhand inhand in handhand onhand outhand overhang aroundhang onhang on tohang togetherhang uphave a bearing onhave a good timehave a thing about have an effect onhave in mindhave it in forhave no businesshave one's hands full head onhead over heelshelp outhere and nowhere and therehinge on / uponhit backhold backhold downhold fast tohld forthhold in contempthold offhold onhold one's breath holsone's ownhold outhold overhold sb to ransom hold togetherhold uphold withhow abouthow comehue and cryhung uphurry uphush upII dare sayif onl improve on /upon in a hurryin a messin a rowin a sensein a wayin a wordin abundancein accord within accordance within additionin addition toin advancein allin all probabilityin all /good conscience in answer toin any casein any eventinbetweenin black and white in briefin bulkin businessin casein case ofin characterin charge ofin checkin chorusin cold bloodin collaboration with in commonincomparison within concertin confidencein conjunction with in connection with in consequencein consequence of in consideration of in contact within contrast to /with in control ofin debtin default ofin defiance ofin demandin depthin detailin disgracein disguisein disputein doubtin due coursein duplicatein earnestin effectin essencein evidencein factin fashionin favor ofin forcein front ofin fullin full blossomin full swingin futurein generalin good faithin good shapein halfin handin harmony within hastein hono(u)r ofin hot pursuitin itselfin kindin league within line within luckin memory ofin no casein no timein no wayin one’s heart of hearts in one’s mind’s eyein one’s own rightin operationin orderin order thatin order toin other wordsin partin particularin personin placein place ofin practicein printin proportion to in publicin quantityin questionin realityin relation toin response to in return forin reversein ruinsin sb’s debtin sb’s handsin sb’s presence in sb’s shoesin search ofin seasonin secretin shortin short orderin sightin so far asin spite ofin stepin stockin storein strengthin sumin summaryin tearsin terms ofin thatin the abstract in the act ofin the airin the balance in the course of in the distance in the endin the eventin the event of in the event that in the extremein the face ofin the first instancein the first placein the fleshin the futurein the habit ofin the interests ofin the interimin the light ofin the long runin the mainin the middle ofin the midst ofin the name ofin the neighborhood ofin the openin the rawin the redin the rightin the short runin the vicinity ofin the wake ofin the windin the wingsin the worldin the wrongin the/sb’s wayin timein totalin touch within transitin troublein truthin tune within turnin usein vainin view ofin voguein/under the circumstances incapable ofinquire afterinquire intoinstead ofiron outJjog sb’s memoryjoin handsjoin injoin up(with)jump the/a queuejust aboutjust as welljust nowKkeep a secretkeep abreast ofkeep an eye onkeep atkeep at a distancekeep backkeep downkeep fromkeep housekeep in touchkeep offkeep onkeep one’s fingers crossed keep one’s own counsel keep pace withkeep sb’s headkeep tokeep track ofkeep upkeep up withkeep companykey inkick inkick offkick outkick upkill two birds with one stone kind ofknock about/aroundknock offknock onknock outknock overknow better thanLlack oflap uplash out atlater onlaugh atlaugh offlaunch offlaunch intolay asidelay claim tolay downlay offlay onlay outlay overlay uplead up toleaf throughlean onleast of allleave aloneleave behindleave offleave outleave to one’s own devices lend itself tolend sb a handlet alonelet downlet go oflet inlet offlet outlet sliplet uplevel off/outlie downlie inlight onlight uplike a shotlike crazylike helllike madline uplisten tolittle by littlelive a lielive offlive onlive outlive throughlive up tolive withlock inlock uplog inlog outlook afterlook aheadlook around/round look atlook backlook down on/upon look forlook forward to look inlook intolook likelook onlook out forlook overlook sth uplook throughlook tolook uplook up tolook uponlose oneself inlose sb’s headlose sight oflose track oflose one’s temperMmake a differencemake a fool ofmake a fuss of/overmake a point ofmake a thing of/out of make allowances formake an example ofmake an exhibition of oneself make believemake formake friends withmake fun ofmake historymake intomake itmake no bones aboutmake ofmake offmake one’s waymake outmake peacemake sb’s hair stand on end make sensemake suremake the best ofmake the most ofmake upmake up formake up one’s mindmake use ofmake waymany amap outmark downmark offmark upmean businessmeasure upmeet withmend one’s waysmess about/aroundmess upmess withmiss outmix upmop upmore and moremore often than notmore or lessmove aroundmove awaymove in onmove onmove upmow downmuch asNnail downneither here nor thereneither nornever mindnext tonight and dayno doubtno endno less thanno longerno matter how what, when, etc. no sooner thanno wayno wondernone butnone other thannone toonose about/aroundnot have a leg to stand onnot in the leastno only but alsonot so much as not to be sneezed at not to mention nothing butnow that nowhere nearO odds and endsof a kindof courseof necessityof no accountof one’s own accord of sorts/of a sortoff and onoff balanceoff dutyoff one’s guardoff the airoff the hookoff the recordon a scaleon a dieton account ofon and onon approvalon boardon businesson condition that on cueon demandon dutyon earthon edgeon endon fileon fireon footon handon impulseon lineon loanon no accounton occasionson one’s conscienceon one’s guardon one’s ownon orderon paperon purposeon recordon saleon scheduleon that scoreon the airon the alerton the blinkon the brink ofon the buttonon the contraryon the fenceon the goon the grounds ofon the horizonon the houron the houseon the increaseon the jobon the moveon the neton the one handon the other handon the part ofon the point ofon the quieton the road toon the runon the shelfon the sideon the slyon the spoton the spur of the moment on the strength ofon the tableon the threshold ofon the verge ofon the wholeon the/an averageon thin iceon timeon topon top ofon/in behalf ofon/under oathon/upon one’s hono(u)r once and for allonce in a whileonce more/againonce upon a timeone after anotherone anotherone by oneone dayone way or another only tooopen upoperate onor elseor soor somethingother thanought toout ofout of breathout of characterout of conditionout of controlout of dateout of doorsout of fashionout of handout of jointout of lineout of luckout of one’s depthout of orderout of placeout of pocketout of practiceout of printout of questionout of seasonout of sightout of sortsout of stepout of stockout of the blueout of the ordinary out of the question out of the wayout of touch with out of tune with out of useout of work outside ofover and above over and over again own upP pack awaypack inpack offpack uppalm offpart company with part withpass awaypass bypass off uspass onpass outpass overpass uppat on the back pay attention to pay backpay offpay outpay uppeel offper centphase inphase inphase outpick atpick onpick outpick sb’s brainspick uppick/pull to piecespie in the skypile uppin downpitch inplan onplay a part inplay atplay backplay downplay havoc withplay it safeplay offplay off againstplay onplay outplay second fiddle to play upplay with fireplug inpoint outpoke about/aroundpoke fun atpoke one’s nose into poke/stick one’s nose into poles apartpolish offpop uppour intopour outpresence of mindpress onpresume onprick up one’s earsprior toprop uppuff outpuff uppull apartpull awaypull downpull inpull offpull one’s weightpull outpull overpull sb’s legpull throughpull togetherpull uppush aroundpush onpush throughput across/overput asideput awayput downput forwardput input in a good word for put into practiceput offput onput one’s heads together put output the screws onput throughput to deathput to useput upput up withqueue upquite a fewRrack one’s brainsrake inrake uprather thanrattle onread out reckon with reconcile with refer to as regarded as rein in relative torely onrevole around ride outright away ring offring uprip apartrip offrise aboverise torise uproll inroll uproot outrope inround off round the clock round uprub it inrule outrun acrossrun away with run downrun intorun offrun off with run outrun out ofrun overrun through run torun uprun up against rush outS safe and sound sail throughsave forsave upscale down scarcely when scrape by/through scrape together/up screw upseal offsecond to none see aboutsee eye to eye see offsee outsee redsee throughsee tosee to it that seeing thatseek outseize on/upon seize upsell offsell onsell outsell upsend awaysend forsend insend off(for) send outsend upserve outserve upserve rightset aboutset againstset apartset asideset backset five toset forthset freeset inset offset onset one’s heart on set outset sailset store byset the paceset upsettle downsettle forsettle in/intosettle upsew upshade in/into shake downshake offshake upshape upshoot downshoot upshop around shoulder to shoulder shout downshove offshow offshow upshrug offshut awayshut downshut inshut offshut outshut upshy away from side by sidesign awaysing forsign insign on/up sign out single out sink insit aroundsit backsit bysit downsit in onsit out/through sit upsize up sketch out sleep off sleep through slip inslip through slip upslow down/up snap out of snap upsniff outso and soso as toso farso longso soso thatso to speakso as toso thatsoak up something of sooner or later sort ofsort out sound out space out speak for speak out/up speed up spell outsplit upsponge offspot onspread out spring up square off square upstab in the back stamp onstamp outstand a chance of stand bystand down stand forstand instand offstand outstand upstand up for stand up to start offstart onstart outstart upstay onstay outstay putstay upsteam upsteer clear of step aside/down step by stepstep downstep instep upstick around stick atstick bystick out for stick tostick together stick up forstir upstock upstop bystop off/over straight away /off strike offstrike outstrike upstring alongstring outstrip offstumble across/on such assuck upsuffer with suffice it to say that sum upsure enough swear byswear inswear offswitch offswitch onTtag alongtail offtake a chancetake a delight in take a fancy to take abacktake account of take advantage of take aftertake againsttake aparttake awaytake backtake caretake care oftake care over take chargetake covertake effecttake exception totake for grantedtake hearttake intake in one’s stridetake into accounttake into considerationtake into one’s confidence take it easytake note oftake offtake ontake one’s cue fromtake one’s leave oftake one’s timetake outtake overtake painstake part intake placetake roortake sb’s breath awaytake shapetake stock oftake the place oftake the plungetake totake turnstake uptake your timetake/have a hand intake astake by surprisetake fortake into accounttake to hearttake to tasktake with a grain/pinch of salt talk backtalk down totalk intotalk overtalk sensetalk through one’s hattangle withteam uptear aparttear attear awaytear downtear intotear uptell a white lietell aparttell offtell the truthtend tothanks tothat is to saythe hellthe moment thatthe more the morethe rank and filethe same asthen and there/there and then think backthink back tothink better ofthink ofthink outthink overthink throughthink upthrash outthrough and throughthrough thick and thinthrow awaythrow inthrow offthrow one’s weight about/around throw outthrow upthrow/cast light on/upontick away/bytide overtidy awaytie downtie in withtie uptighten uptime after time/time and again time outtip offtire outto a certain extentto a/the dayto advantageto all appearancesto be on the safe sideto begin withto dateto deathto excessto goto hell withto my mindto one’s heart’s contentto one’s knowledgeto perfectionto say nothing ofto say the leastto sb’s creditto some degreeto spareto start withto the best of one’s abilityto the contraryto the coreto the effect thatto the foreto the letterto the pointto the tune oftoe the linetogether withtone downtop uptouch downtouch offtouch on/upontouch uptrack downtrade intrade offtrade on/upontrail alongtrail away/offtreat oftrip uptry ontry outtuck awaytuck intuck uptumble totune in toturn a blind eye to turn a deaf earturn awayturn backturn downturn inturn intoturn offturn onturn one’s back on turn outturn overturn over a new leaf turn roundturn the cornerturn the tablesturn toturn upUunder controlunder coverunder fireunder no circumstancesunder one’s breath under the weather under wayup againstup in the airup toup to dateup to scratchup to the minute use upused tousher inVvote inW wade throughwait forwait onwake upwake up towalk away/off with walk onwalk outwalk overwalk upwall inward offwarm towarm upwash one’s hands of wash outwash upwaste awaywatch out(for) wave asidewear awaywear offwear outwhat aboutwhat ifwhat is morewhat is worsewhip upwhy notwide of the markwin out/throughwin overwind upwink atwipe outwith a view otwith one accorewith reference towith respect towith the click of a mouse with/in regard towithin reasonwithout failwithout questionword for wordwork at/onwork offwork outwork upworn outworth one’s salt worthy ofwould soonerwound upwrap upwrite downwrite offZyear after/by yearzip up。
四级高频词汇—背诵版（2007）[2]
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四级高频词汇—背诵版（2007）[2]四级高频词汇—背诵版V ocabulary ListUnit 1aboard ad./prep在船（或飞机、车）上，上船（或飞机、车）abstract a.抽象的n.摘要，梗概accidental a.意外的，偶然（发生）的accompany vt. 1.陪件，陪同2.伴随，和…一起发生3.为…伴奏accomplish vt.完成，实现accordance n.一致，符合in ~ with 与…一致，按照，根据accuracy n.准确（性），精确（性）accustomed a.（to）习惯的，惯常的achieve vt.1.完成，实现2.达到，得到acquaintance n.1.认识，了解2.相识的人，熟人1. Welcome aboard!2. His plans were too abstract to be put into operation.3. The rate of accidental death has decreased since last year.4. He said he was going to accompany her home.The pianist accompanied her on the piano.5. All this was accomplished in a year.6. Everything has been done in accordance with the rules.7. There is need to check the accuracy of the report.8. You will soon get accustomed to it.9. I have an intimate acquaintance with French.Unit 2addition n.1.加，加法2.附加物in~另外，加之in ~ to除…之外（还）address n.1.地址，住址2.演说，讲话vt.1.在…上写姓名地址2.向…讲话（或发表演说）administration n.1.管理，经营2.管理部门，行政机关，政府admission n.1.准许进入，准许加入2承认，供认advance vi.1.前进，向前移动2.取得进展n.1.前进，进展2.预付，预支in~预先，事先advantage n.1.优点，优势2.好处gain/have an ~ over胜过，优于take ~ of 利用，趁…之机adventure n.1.冒险，冒险活动2.奇遇agreement n.1.协定，协议，契约2.达成协议，同意aid n. 1.帮助，援助2.助手，辅助手段v.帮助，援助1. The expenses of the household, with the addition of a nurse, were heavy.2. He will address you on the subject of war and peace.What is your permanent address?3. An executive should be experienced in administration.4. To resign now would be an admission of failure.5. Banks make business advances to firms.6. He often took advantage of her good nature.7. The explorer told the boys about his adventures in the Arctic.8. During the course of history, many agreements have been made between France and England.9. A dictionary is an important aid in learning a new language.10. At high altitudes it is difficult to breathe.Unit 3ambition n.雄心，野心analysis n.分析，分解analyze/-yse vt.分析，分解angle n.1.角，角度2.角度，观点announce vt.宣布，宣告annoy vt.1.使恼怒，使烦恼2.打扰apologize/-ise vi.道歉，认错apparent a.1.表面上的，貌似（真实）的2显然的，明明白白折appropriate a.适当的，恰当的approval n.赞成，同意1. Nothing would stop me from achieving my ambition.2. The analysis of the samples on the murder spot showed some valuable clues to the police.3. I stood for five minutes trying to analyze my impressions.4. They have a different angle of observation from ours.5. The government announced a budget cut.6. I felt annoyed when he refused to help.7. She apologized profusely to me for not answering promptly.8. It was apparent that they all understood.9. Plain, simple clothes are appropriate for school wear.10. He showed his approval by smiling.Unit 4arrange vt.1.安排，筹划2.整理，排列，布置artificial a.1.人工的，人造的2.假的，矫揉造作的aspect n.1.方面2. 外表，面貌assembly n.1.集会，集合2.装备，组装assist v.帮助，协助assure vt. 1.使确信，使放心2.向…保证astonish vt.使惊讶atmosphere n.1.大气，大气层2.空气3.气氛audience n.听众，观众，读者authority n.1.[pl.]官方，当局2.当权者3.权力，权威automatic a.自动的1. We have arranged a party.2. It makes me sick to think of his highly artificial manners.3. Consider the economic aspects of owning your own house. The valley took on a mysterious aspect at dusk.4. Can you assist me with this problem?5. I assure you that this medicine cannot harm you.6. I’m astonished that he didn’t come.7. He grew up in an atmosphere of love and trust.8. The audience was enjoying every minute of the show.9. A Policeman has the authority to arrest law-breakers.10. The heating system here has an automatic temperature control.Unit 5avoid vt.避免，避开await vt. 1.等候，等待2.将降临于award n.奖，奖品vt.授予，给予aware a.意识到，知道的awkward a. 1.粗笨的，笨拙的2.尴尬的，棘手的 3.使用不便的background n. 背景balance vt.使平衡n.1.天平，秤2.平衡，均衡3.结存，结欠bear vt. 1.忍受，容忍2.负担，承担3.结(果实)，生(孩子)behalf n.利益on ~ of代表，为了behave vi. 1.表现，举止2.(机器等)运转vt.检点（自己的）行为1. A danger foreseen is half avoided.2. She had long awaited this day.3. The best students were awarded special scholarships.4. We are fully aware of the gravity of the situation.5. He is still awkward with a knife and fork and drops food at each meal.6. The election took place against a background of widespread unemployment.7. The acrobat balanced himself on the high rope.8. The ice is too thin to bear your weight.At last his effort bore fruit.9. He made an impassioned speech on behalf of his country.10. He has behaved badly towards his wife.Unit 6belief n. 1.相信2.信念，信仰bet vt. 以…打赌，与…打赌博vi.打赌n.1.打赌2.赌金，赌注bind vt. 捆绑，捆扎bloom n. 1.花2.开花期vi.开花boast vi. (of, about )自夸，夸耀vt. 1.夸口说，吹嘘 2.以拥有…而自豪n.自吹自擂，自夸的话blame vt. 1.责备，责怪2.(on, onto)把…归咎于n. 1.（过错、事故等的）责任2.责怪，责备bleed vi.出血，流血bond n. 1.联结，联系2.公债，债券bore vt. 1.使厌烦，使厌倦2.钻孔n.令人讨厌的人（或事）1. I haven’t much belief in his honesty.2. I’ll bet a month’s pay on that.3. They bound his hands.4. They blamed an electric shot circuit for the fire yesterday.5. The wound bled freely.6. The rose will bloom soon.7. Many Oxford colleges can boast of beautiful gardens.8. She bolted the door.9. They are eager to buy their government bonds.10. I am bored by his tedious talk.Unit 7bow n. 1弓形物2鞠躬，点头vi 鞠躬，点头brake n. 闸，制动器，刹车，（车）被刹住，vt. 刹住（车），用闸使（车）放慢速度brand n. 商标，牌子vt. 1. 打烙印于2. 铭刻brief a.简短的，简洁的vt.作简要的介绍in ~简单地说brilliant a.1.光辉的，灿烂的2卓越的，杰出的broad a.1宽的，阔的，广阔的2广泛的3宽容的bulk n.1.(巨大的)物体，（大）块2.主体，绝大部分3.（巨大的）体积，（大）量burden n.担子，负担button n.1.钮扣2.按钮vt.扣上，扣紧1. He did not return my bow.2. Seeing a child running across the road, the driver put on the brakes suddenly.3. Do you like this brand of coffee?Farmer Brown’s cattle are branded with the letter B.4. Before setting out a raid, air-crews were carefully briefed.5. The lights were far too brilliant.6. The river is a mile broad here.9. We have disposed of the bulk of the surplus goods.10. We collected a bundle of old clothes to be given to them.11. Too much praise is a burden.12. A button has come off.Unit 8calculate v.1计算，核算2.估计，推测3.计划，打算candidate n.1.候选人2.投考者，申请求职者capture vt./n.捕获，俘获career n.生涯，职业cargo n.船货，货物carrier n.运输工具，运输者cast vt.1.投，扔2.浇铸，铸造casual a.1.偶然的，碰巧的2.随便的，非正式的3.临时的catalog(ue) n.目录（册）vt.将---编入目录，将（书籍、资料等）编目cease v./ n. 停止，终止celebrate v.庆祝1. The cost of production should be precisely calculated.2. I shall vote for this candidate.3. With the capture of the escaped lion everyone in town felt relieved.4. His academic career was undistinguished.5. These planes can carry a cargo of six tons.6. A porter is a baggage carrier.7. He was cast ashore with two companions.The statue is cast in bronze.8. The two old friends had a casual meeting.A casual laborer is one who has no steady job.9. A library catalogue tells us the names of all the books in the library.10. They demanded that these acts of war cease at once.11. They warmly celebrated the festival.Unit 9central a. 1.中央的，中心的2.主要的champion n. 1.冠军2.捍卫者，拥护得channel n. 1.海峡，水道，航道 2.渠道 3.频道chase n./vt.追逐，追赶cheat vt.欺骗，骗取vi.行骗作弊n.欺骗，骗子check vt. 1.检查，核对2..制止n. 1.检查，核对 2.支票，账单~in 办理登记手续；~out 结账离去办妥手续离去ceremony n. 1.典礼，仪式2.礼节，礼仪certificate n.证（明）书challenge n.挑战vt.向…挑战1. You must first determine the central idea of the paper2. The ceremony took place in the auditorium.3. The driver’s certific ate has been suspended for thre e months.4. The strike was a direct challenge to the warlord regime.5. The champion issued a challenge to all other boxers to fight him.6. The channel is marked by buoys.7. The boy and his sister chased each other in and out among the bushes.8. She knew he had been cheating all along.9. Please check your exercises against the answers.His father gave him a check for fifty dollars.Unit 10chop v.砍，劈，斩n.排骨circuit n. 1.电路，线路2.环行，巡回circulate v.（使）循环，（使）流通circumstance n. 1.条件，情况2(pl.)境遇，经济状况under the ~s在这种情况下，（情况）既然如此。
2007年12月大学英语四级考试试题答案
90.【答案】the former is more convenient and time-saving
91.【答案】is weighed upon how much they can borrow
1. 【答案】 D 2. 【答案】 C 3. 【答案】 B 4. 【答案】 D 5. 【答案】 A
6. 【答案】 C 7. 【答案】 B 8. 【答案】 changes in the visa process
9. 【答案】 take their knowledge and skills back home
Section C
36. alarming 37. increased 38. sheer 39. disturbing
40. comparison 41. proportion 42. workforce 43. reverse
44. The percentage of people living in cities is much higher that the percentage working in industry
2007年12月大学英语四级考试试题答案.txt始终相信，这世间，相爱的原因有很多，但分开的理由只有一个--爱的还不够。人生有四个存折：健康 情感 事业和金钱。如果健康消失了，其他的存折都会过期。 2007年12月大学英语四级考试试题解析
Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)
Part VI Translation
2007年12月大学英语四级考试真题答案与详解
2007年12月大学英语四级考试真题答案与详解PartⅠWriting 参考范文: What Electives to Choose Nowadays many college students prefer to have electives in their spare time because the courses can offer a variety of skills and abundant knowledge apart from what they learn in the daily courses. Some students may choose to learn a certain course in order to obtain an extra certificate for their job hunting after graduation, because they assume that some more knowledge could ensure more chances of winning in finding a good job. Others may have their choice made just for fun. They tend to hold the idea that college life could be more colorful if they could widen their knowledge through elective courses. as for me, I don’t care about degree or job, I just want to obtain some necessary skills to make my college life worthwhile. What I’m concerned most is how to own more skills that may be necessary for my I’m inclined to choose electives based on both the value of the courses and the interest of my future. So I’m inclined to choose electives based on both the value of the courses and the interest of my own.Part Ⅱ Fast Reading 1. D) a powerful force for global integration 2. C) at an annual rate of 3.9% 3. B) 20% 4. D) They give them chances for international study or internship. 5. A) Yale’s collaboration with Fudan University on genetic research6. C) It was intentionally created by Standford University. 7. B) It has been unsteady for years. 8. changes in the visa process 9. take their knowledge and skills back home 10. strengthen the nation Part Ⅲ Listening Comprehension Section A Short Conversations 11. C) She was somewhat overweight. 12. D) At the hotel reception. 13. B) Having confidence in her son. 14. A) Have a short break. 15. D) He has been in perfect condition. 16. B) She still keeps some old furniture in her new house. 17. D) The woman forgot lending the book to the man. 18. C) The man doesn’t look like a sportsman. Long Conversations 19. A) She has packed it in one of her bags.20. C) It will last one week. 21. B) The taxi is waiting for them. 22. A) At home. 23. C) She is tired of her present work. 24. A) Translator. 25. D) Education and experience. Section B Short Passages 26. A) They care a lot about children. 27. B) Their birth information is usually kept secret. 28. C) They have mixed feelings about finding their natural parents. 29. D) Adoption has much to do with love. 30. B) He bought the Washington Post. 31. A) She was the first woman to lead to lead a big US publishing company. 32. D) Katharine had exerted an important influence on the world. 33. C) It'll protect them from possible financial crises. 34. A) They can’t immediately get back the money paid for their medical cost. 35. B) They needn’t pay the entire medical bill at once. Section C Compound Dictation 36. alarming 37. increased 38. sheer 39. disturbing 40. comparison 41. proportion 42. workforce 43. reverse 44. The percentage of people living in cities is much higher than the percentage working in industry. 45. There is not enough money to build adequate houses for the people that live there, let alone the new arrivals 46. So the figures for the growth of towns and cities represent proportional growth of unemployment and underemployment, Part Ⅳ Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) Section A 47. K) projects 48. M) role 49. A) acting 50. J) offers 51. D) cooperative 52. G) forward 53. F) especially 54. I) information 55. O) victims 56. E) entire Section B Short Passages Passage One 57. A) All its courses are offered online. 58. C) a minimum or total absence of face-to-face instruction. 59. D) work on the required courses whenever and wherever. 60. C) There is no mechanism to ensure that they make the required effort 61. B) cutting down on their expenses. Passage Two 62. D) A lot of distractions compete for children’s time nowadays.A lot of distractions compete for children’s time nowadays.63. B) Her way to success was full of pains and frustrations. 64. C) She wanted to share her stories with readers. 65. A) s he believed she had the knowledge and experience to offer guidance she believed she had the knowledge and experience to offer guidance66. B) Children should be allowed freedom to grow through experience. Part Ⅴ Cloze 67. A) as 68. C) to 69. D) distinguished 70. A) related 71. C) in 72. B) much 73. D) behavior 74. B) but 75. C) negative 76.A) given 77. D) consistent 78. A) consumers 79. D) favorable 80. C) Moreover 81. B) enhancing 82. A) readily 83. D) volume 84. B) amount 85. D) intentions 86. A) turn Part Ⅵ Translation 87. Thanks to a series of new inventions [解析] 本题考查对短语thanks to 的掌握。
四级真题中重点词词组2007
2007年6月In collaboration with: 合作, 协作The two companies are working in close collaboration each other. 这两家公司密切合作。
Admit: v.许可进入This ticket admits two persons. 这张票可让两人进场。
（注意这个词除了“承认”之外，还有一个意思就是“准许进入”，be admitted to college “被大学录取”be thirsty for: 渴望boom：v.激增, 猛涨, 兴隆，迅速发展，繁荣昌盛Business is booming. 生意日趋繁荣。
n. (生意)繁荣，兴旺，激增The boom has created job opportunities. 经济繁荣创造了就业的机会。
另外还有“（发出）隆隆声”，用的不多signify：v. 表示…的意思, 意味Alexander signified his consent with a nod. 亚历山大点头表示同意。
Inherent: adj. 固有的; 内在的The desire for freedom is inherent in us all. 对自由的渴望是我们所有人的天性。
Striking: adj. 显著地，突出的~ differenceBoast of: 夸耀She boasts of her high grades in school. 她夸耀她的优秀学习成绩。
Mindless：adj. 没有思维能力的,愚笨的,无知的It’s not just mindless entertainment,it’s a film wit h a message. 它并不是一部没有意思的娱乐片,而是一部有寓意的影片。
Refine: v. 1. 精炼; 精制; 使纯净refine crude petroleum 提炼原油2.使文雅高尚; 使去掉粗俗言行; 使变得完善He has refined his taste and manners.他已使自己的趣味爱好和举止仪态变得高雅完美。
大学英语四级重点词组短语词汇
1、absence from 缺席,离开2、have access to 可以接近；可以利用3、make the acquaintance of sb. 结识某人4、have a nodding acquaintance with 与...有点头之交5、take action 采取行动6、admission to 准许7、take advantage of 利用,趁...之机8、make an agreement with 与...达成协议9、make/offer an apology to sb. 向某人道歉10、make an appeal to sb. 向某人发出呼吁11、application for 申请12、make an appointment with sb. 与某人约会13、approach to 通往...的方法；接近14、come to sb.'s assistance 帮助某人15、make an attempt to do sth. 试图做某事16、pay attention to 注意17、have an arthority over 对...有行使权利18、keep one's balance 保持身体平衡19、set up a barrier between 在...中间设置障碍20、belief in 相信21、do/try one's best 努力,尽力22、make the best of 充分利用23、catch one's breath 喘气24、take care of 爱护,照料25、give a challenge 挑战26、rise to the challenge 接受挑战,迎战27、take a chance 冒险；投机28、take charge of 管理,接管29、lay a claim 要求；主张,自以为30、set up a claim to sth. 提出对某事物的要求31、combination with 与...结合32、seek comfort in 在...中寻找安慰33、take comfort in 在...中得到安慰34、get command of 控制35、take command of 开始担任...的指挥36、communication with 与...通讯；与...交流37、keep company with 和...结交；和...亲热38、keep sb. company 陪伴某人,陪某人同走39、make a comparison between 把...进行比较40、competition with/against sb. 与某人竞争41、keep competition between 在...之间进行竞争42、complaint about/of 对...抱怨43、make a complaint against 控告44、come to a conclusion 得出结论45、have confidence in sb. 信任某人46、leave sth. out of consideration 对某事不加考虑47、take into consideration 考虑到48、be in contact with 与...接触49、be out of contact with 与...失去联系50、have contact with 和...接触51、lose contact with 与...失去联系52、present a striking contrast between 使两者形成鲜明的对照53、have control over/of 对...控制54、lose control of 失去对...控制55、have/hold a conversation with 与...谈话56、commit a crime 犯罪57、arouse sb.'s curiosity about sth. 激起某人对某事物的好奇心58、lay a curse upon sb. 诅咒某人59、do damage to 损害...60、come to a decision 决定下来61、arrive at a decision 决定下来62、make a decision 作决定63、take a delight in 以...为乐64、take delivery of 提取65、take one's departure 动身,出发66、give a deｓｃｒｉｐｔion of 描写67、drive sb. to despair 使某人陷入绝望68、have the determination to do 决心干...69、make a difference between 区别对待70、make a difference to 使...产生变化71、have difficulty in doing sth. 做某事有困难72、draw a clear distinction between 分清73、come into effect 生效,实施74、put into effect 实行,使生效,使起作用75、take effect 生效,起作用76、put emphasis on/upon 着重于,把重点放在77、make one's entrance 进入78、make an error 犯错误79、give evidence of 有...迹象80、set a good example to sb. 为某人树立榜样81、make no exceptions 不容许有例外82、catch sb.'s eye 引人注目83、keep an eye on 留意,照看84、have faith in 对...信任85、lose faith in 失去对...信任86、keep faith 忠于信仰87、farewell to 对...永别了；不会再...88、make one's farewell 道别,告辞89、come into fashion 开始风行90、follow the fashion 赶时髦91、make fashion 作作样子92、set the fashion 创立新式样93、find fault with 抱怨,找岔子94、catch fire 着火95、set fire to 使燃烧,点燃96、come into a fortune 继承一笔财产97、make a fortune 发财98、try one's fortune 碰运气99、make friends with 交朋友100、make fun of 取笑,嘲笑1. at the thought of一想到…2. as a whole =in general 就整体而论3. at will 随心所欲4. be abundant inbe rich in; be well supplied with 富于,富有5. accessto 不可数名词能接近,进入,了解6. by accident=by chance, accidentally偶然地,意外. Without accident=safely 安全地,7. of one’s own accord=without being asked; willingly; freely自愿地 ,主动地8. in accord with 与…一致 . out of one’s accord with 同…;不一致9. with one accord =with everybody agreeing一致地10. in accordance with =in agreement with 依照,根据11. on one’s own account1 为了某人的缘故, 为了某人自己的利益2 =at one’s own risk 自行负责3 =by oneself依靠自己12. take…into account=consider把..;考虑进去13. give sb. an account of 说明, 解释理由14. account for =give an explanation or reason for 解释, 说明;15. on account of =because of 由于,因为;16. on no account=in no case, for no reason绝不要,无论如何不要放句首时句子要倒装17. accuse…of…=charge…with; blame sb. for sth. ; blame sth. on sb. ; complain about 指控,控告18. be accustomed to =be in the habit of, be used to习惯于;19. be acquainted with=to have knowledge of 了解; =to have met socially 熟悉20. act on 奉行,按照…行动; act as 扮演; act for 代理21. adapt oneself to=adjust oneself to 使自己适应于22. adapt…for =make sth. Suitable for a new need 改编, 改写以适应新的需要23. in addition =besides 此外, 又, 加之24. in addition to=as well as, besides, other than除…外25. adhere to =abide by, conform to, comply with, cling to, insist on, persist in, observe, opinion, belief 粘附; 坚持, 遵循26. adjacent=next to, close to 毗邻的, 临近的27. adjust..to =change slightly调节; 适应;28. admit of =be capable of, leave room for …的可能,留有…的余地;29. in advance before in time 预告, 事先30. to advantage 有利的,使优点更加突出地31. have an advantage over 胜过have the advantage of 由于…处于有利条件have the advantage of sb;知道某人所不知道的事32. take advantage of =make the best of, utilize, make use of, profit from, harness利用33. agree with 赞同某人意见 agree to 同意34. in agreement with 同意, 一致35. ahead of 在…之前, 超过…;……………. ahead of time 提前36. in the air 1不肯定, 不具体. 2在谣传中37. above all =especially, most important of all 尤其是, 最重要的38. in all =counting everyone or everything, altogether 总共, 总计39. after all 毕竟,到底; not at all 一点也不;all at once=suddenly突然; once and for all 只此一次; above all 最重要的; first of all 首先; all in all 大体上说; be all in 累极了; all but几乎40. allow for =take into consideration, take into account 考虑到, 估计到41. amount to =to be equal to 总计, 等于;42. answer for undertake responsibility for, be liable for, take charge for 对…负责;43. answer to =conform to 适合,符合;44. be anxious about 为…焦急不安; 或anxious for45. apologize to sb. for sth. 为…向…道歉46. appeal to sb. for sth. 为某事向某人呼吁. appeal to sb. 对某人有吸引力47. apply to sb. for sth. 为…向…申请; apply for申请; apply to 适用;48. apply to 与…有关;适用49. approve of =consent to, be in favor of, favor, agree to, consider good, right 赞成, approve vt. 批准51. arrange for sb./sth. to do sth. 安排…做…52. arrive on 到达; arrive at 到达某地小地方;得出,作出; arrive in 到达某地大地方;53. be ashamed of =feel shame, guilt or sorrow because of sth. done 以…为羞耻54. assure sb. of sth. =try to cause to believe or trust in sth. 向…保证, 使…确信;55. attachto =to fix, fasten; join 缚, 系 ,结56. make an attempt at doing sth. to do sth. 试图做…57. attend to =give one’s attention, care and thought注意,照顾;attend onupon=wait upon, serve, look after 侍候,照料58. attitude to/ toward …对…的态度;看法59. attribute…to…=to believe sth. to be the result of…把.;归因于.., 认为.;是.;的结果60. on the average =on average, on an average 平均61. be aware of =be conscious of , having knowledge or consciousness 意识到,知道;62. at the back of =behind 在…后面63. in the back of 在…后部里面; on the back of 在…后部外面; be on one’s back=be ill in bed 卧病不起;64. at one’s back=supporting or favoring sb. 支持,维护; have sb. at one’s back 有…支持, 有…作后台65. turn one’s back on sb. =turn away from sb. in an impolite way 不理睬某人,背弃,抛弃66. behind one’s back 背着某人说坏话67. be based on / upon 基于68. on the basis of 根据…, 在…基础上69. beat…at 在…运动项目上打赢93. in case =for fear that 万一;94. in case of =in the event of如果发生…万一in the case of 至于…, 就…而言95. in no case在任何情况下都不放句首倒装句96. be cautious of 谨防97. center one’s attention on=focus one’s attention on 把某人的注意力集中在…上98. be certain of =be sure of 有把握, 一定;99. for certain of =for sure 肯定地,有把握地100. by chance=accidentally, by accident偶然。
2007年12月大学英语四级试题及答案(2)
2007年12月大学英语四级最新预测试题及答案(2)Part one Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic It Pays to Be Honest. You should write at least 120 words according to the outline given below in Chinese.1. 当前社会上存在许多不诚实的现象2. 诚实利人利已，做人应该诚实It Pays to Be HonestPart twoListening Comprehension (20 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Example: You will hear:You will read:A) At the office.B) In the waiting room.C) At the airport.D) In a restaurant.From the conversation we know that the two were talking about some work they will start at 9 o’clock in the morning and have to finish at 2 in the afternoon. Therefore, A) “At the office” is the correct answer. You should choose [A] on the Answer Sheet and mark it with a single line through the center. Sample Answer [A] [B] [C] [D]1. A) They are both anxious to try Italian food.B) They are likely to have dinner together.C) The man will treat the woman to dinner tonight.D) The woman refused to have dinner with the man.2. A) It’s only for rent, not for sale.B) It’s not as good as advertised.C) It’s being redecorated.D) It’s no longer available.3. A) Colleagues.B) Husband and wife.C) Employer and employee.D) Mother and son.4. A) She contacts her parents occasionally.B) She phones her parents regularly at weekends.C) She visits her parents at weekends when the fares are down.D) She often call her parents regardless of the rates.5. A) The next bus is coming soon.B) The bus will wait a few minutes at the stop.C) There are only two or three passengers waiting for the bus.D) They can catch this bus without running.6. A) The assignment looks easy but actually it’s quite difficult.B) The assignment is too difficult for them to complete on time.C) They cannot finish the assignment until Thursday.D) They have plenty of time to work on the assignment.7. A) The man will go to meet the woman this evening.B) The man and the woman have an appointment at 7 o’clock.C) The woman can’t finish making the jam before 7 o’clock.D) The woman won’t be able to see the man this evening.8. A) She’s learned a lot from the literature class.B) She’s written some books about world classics.C) She’s met some of the world’s best writers.D) She’s just back from a trip round the world.9. A) The exam was easier than the previous one.B) Joe is sure that he will do better in the next exam.C) Joe probably failed in the exam.D) The oral part of the exam was easier than the written part.10. A) She is tired of driving in heavy traffic.B) She doesn’t mind it as the road conditions are good.C) She is unhappy to have to drive such a long way every day.D) She enjoys it because she’s good at driving.Section B Compound DictationDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from S1 to S7 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from S8 to S10 you are required to fill in the missing information. You can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.It’s difficult to imagine the sea ever running out of fish. It’s so vast, so deep, so (S1) _______. Unfortunately, it’s not bottomless. Over-fishing, (S2) _________ with destructive fishing practices, is killing off the fish and (S3) _________ their environment.Destroy the fish, and you destroy the fishermen’s means of living. At least 60 (S4) _______ of the world’s commercially important fish (S5) _________ are already over-fished, or fished to the limit. As a result, governments have had to close down some areas of sea to commercial fishing.Big, high-tech fleets (S6) _________ that everything in their path is pulled out of water. Anything too small, or the wrong thing, is thrown back either dead or dying. That’s an (S7) _________ of more than 20 million metric tons every year.(S8) __________________________________________________________________.In some parts of the world, for every kilogram of prawns (对虾) caught, up to 15 kilograms of unsuspecting fish and other marine wildlife die, simply for being in the wrong place at the wrong time.True, (S9) _______________________________________________________________, then catch them in a way that doesn’t kill other innocent sea life.Partthree Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Direction: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B) C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Passage OneQuestions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage:Like many of my generation, I have a weakness for hero worship. At some point, however, we all begin to question our heroes and our need for them. This leads us to ask: What is a hero?Despite immense differences in cultures, heroes around the world generally share a number of characteristics that instruct and inspire people.A hero does something worth talking about. A hero has a story of adventure to tell and a community who will listen. But a hero goes beyond mere fame.Heroes serve powers or principles larger than themselves. Like high-voltage transformers, heroes take the energy of higher powers and step it down so that it can be used by ordinary people.The hero lives a life worthy of imitation. Those who imitate a genuine hero experience life with new depth, enthusiasm, and meaning. A sure test for would-be heroes is what or whom do they serve? What are they willing to live and die for? If the answer or evidence suggests they serve only their own fame, they may be famous persons but not heroes. Madonna and Michael Jackson are famous, but who would claim that their fans find life more abundant?Heroes are catalysts (催化剂) for change. They have a vision from the mountaintop. They have the skill and the charm to move the masses. They create new possibilities. Without Gandhi, India might still be part of the British Empire. Without Rosa Parks and Martin Luther King, Jr., we might still have segregated (隔离的) buses, restaurants, and parks. It may be possible for large-scale change to occur without leaders with magnetic personalities, but the pace of change would be slow, the vision uncertain, and the committee meetings endless.11. Although heroes may come from different cultures, they _______.A) generally possess certain inspiring characteristicsB) probably share some weaknesses of ordinary peopleC) are often influenced by previous generationsD) all unknowingly attract a large number of fans12. According to the passage, heroes are compared to high-voltage transformers in that ____.A) they have a vision from the mountaintopB) they have warm feelings and emotionsC) they can serve as concrete examples of noble principlesD) they can make people feel stronger and more confident13. Madonna and Michael Jackson are not considered heroes because ________.A) they are popular only among certain groups of peopleB) their performances do not improve their fans morallyC) their primary concern is their own financial interestsD) they are not clear about the principles they should follow14. Gandhi and Martin Luther King are typical examples of outstanding leaders who _____.A) are good at demonstrating their charming charactersB) can move the masses with their forceful speechesC) are capable of meeting all challenges and hardshipsD) can provide an answer to the problems of their people15. The author concludes that historical changes would ______.A) be delayed without leaders with inspiring personal qualitiesB) not happen without heroes making the necessary sacrificesC) take place ff there were heroes to lead the peopleD) produce leaders with attractive personalities B)Passage TwoQuestions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage:According to a survey, which was based on the responses of over 188,000 students, today’s traditional-age college freshmen are “more materialistic and less altruistic (利他主义的)” than at any time in the 17 years of the poll.Not surprising in these hard times, the student’s major objective “is to be financially well off. Less important than ever is developing a meaningful philosophy of life.” It follows then that today the most popular course is not literature or history but accounting.Interest in teaching, social service and the “altruistic” fields is at a low. On the other hand, enrollment in business programs, engineering and computer science is way up.That’s no surprise either. A friend of mine (a sales representative for a chemical company) was making twice the salary of her college instructors her first year on the job—even before she completed her two-year associate degree.While it’s true that we all need a career, it is equally true that our civilization has accumulated an incredible amount of knowledge in fields far removed from our own and that we are better for our understanding of these other contributions m be they scientific or artistic. It is equally true that, in studying the diverse wisdom of others, we learn how to think. More important, perhaps, education teaches us to see the connections between things, as well as to see beyond our immediate needs.Weekly we read of unions who went on strike for higher wages, only to drive their employer out of business. No company; no job. How shortsighted in the long run!But the most important argument for a broad education is that in studying the accumulated wisdom of the ages, we improve our moral sense. I saw a cartoon recently which shows a group of businessmen looking puzzled as they sit around a conference table; one of them is talking on the intercom (对讲机): “Miss Baxter,” he says, “could you please send in someone who can distinguish right from wrong?”From the long-term point of view, that’s what education really ought to be about.16. According to the author’s observation, college students _______.A) have never been so materialistic as todayB) have never been so interested in the artsC) have never been so financially well off as todayD) have never attached so much importance to moral sense17. The students’ criteria for selecting majors today have much to do with _______.A) the influences of their instructorsB) the financial goals they seek in lifeC) their own interpretations of the coursesD) their understanding of the contributions of others18. By saying “While it’s true that ... be they scientific or artistic” (Lines 1-3, Para. 5), the author means that _______.A) business management should be included in educational programsB) human wisdom has accumulated at an extraordinarily high speedC) human intellectual development has reached new heightsD) the importance of a broad education should not be overlooked19. Studying the diverse wisdom of others can ________.A) create varying artistic interestsB) help people see things in their right perspectiveC) help improve connections among peopleD) regulate the behavior of modern people20. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?A) Businessmen absorbed in their career are narrow-minded.B) Managers often find it hard to tell right from wrong.C) People engaged in technical jobs lead a more rewarding life.D) Career seekers should not focus on immediate interests only.Passage fourQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage:New technology links the world as never before. Our planet has shrunk. It’s now a “global village” where countries are only seconds away by fax or phone or satellite link. And. of course, our ability to benefit from this high-tech communications equipment is greatly enhanced by foreign language skills.Deeply involved with this new technology is a breed of modern businesspeople who have a growing respect for the economic value of doing business abroad. In modern markets, success overseas often helps support domestic business efforts.Overseas assignments are becoming increasingly important to advancement within executive ranks. The executive stationed in another country no longer need fear being “out of sight and out of mind.” He or she can be sure that the overseas effort is central to the company’s plan for success, and that promotions often follow or accompany an assignment abroad. If an employee can succeed in a difficult assignment overseas, superiors will have greater confidence in his or her ability to cope back in the United States where cross-cultural considerations and foreign language issues are becoming more and more prevalent (普遍的).Thanks to a variety of relatively inexpensive communications devices with business applications, even small businesses in the United States are able to get into international markets.English is still the international language of business. But there is an ever-growing need for people who can speak another language. A second language isn’t generally required to get a job in business, but having language skills gives a candidate the edge when other qualifications appear to be equalThe employee posted abroad who speaks the country’s principal language has an opportunity to fast-forward certain negotiations, and cam have the cultural insight to know when it is better to move more slowly. The employee at the home office who can communicate well with foreign clients over the telephone or by fax machine is an obvious asset to the firm.21. What is the author’s attitude toward high-tech communications equipment?A) Critical. C) Indifferent.B) Prejudiced. D) Positive.22. With the increased use of high-tech communications equipment, businesspeople ______.A) have to get familiar with modern technologyB) are gaining more economic benefits from domestic operationsC) are attaching more importance to their overseas businessD) are eager to work overseas23. In this passage, “out of sight and out of mind” (Lines 2-3, Para. 3) probably means ____.A) being unable to think properly for lack of insightB) being totally out of touch with business at homeC) missing opportunities for promotion when abroadD) leaving all care and worry behind24. According to the passage, what is an important consideration of international corporations in employing people today?A) Connections with businesses overseas.B) Ability to speak the client’s language.C) Technical know-how.D) Business experience.25. The advantage of employees having foreign language skills is that they can _______.A) better control the whole negotiation processB) easily find new approaches to meet market needsC) fast-forward their proposals to headquartersD) easily make friends with businesspeople abroadPassage FourQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage:In recent years, Israeli consumers have grown more demanding as they’ve become wealthier and more worldly-wise. Foreign travel is a national passion; this summer alone, one in 10 citizens will go abroad. Exposed to higher standards of service elsewhere, Israelis are returning home expecting the same. American firms have also begun arriving in large numbers. Chains such as KFC, McDonald’s and Pizza Hut are setting a new standard of customer service, using strict employee training and constant monitoring to ensure the friendliness of frontline staff. Even the American habit of telling departing customers to “Have a nice day” has caught on all over Israel. “Nobody wakes up in the morning and says, ‘Let’s be nicer,’” says Itsik Cohen, director of a consulting firm. “Nothing happens without competition.”Privatization, or the threat of it, is a motivation as well. Monopolies (垄断者) that until recently have been free to take their customers for granted now fear what Michael Perry, a marketing professor, calls “the revengeful (报复的) consumer.” When the government opened up competition with Bezaq, the phone company, its international branch lost 40% of its market share, even while offering competitive rates. Says Perry, “People wanted revenge for all the years of bad service.” The electric company, whose monopoly may be short-lived, has suddenly mopped requiring users to wait half a day for a repairman. Now, appointments are scheduled to the half-hour. The graceless El Al Airlines, which is already at auction (拍卖), has retrained its employees to emphasize service and is boasting about the results in an ad campaign with the slogan, “You can feel the change in the air.”For the first time, praise outnumbers complaints on customer survey sheets.26. It may be inferred from the passage that _______.A) customer service in Israel is now improvingB) wealthy Israeli customers are hard to pleaseC) the tourist industry has brought chain stores to IsraelD) Israeli customers prefer foreign products to domestic ones27. In the author’s view, higher service standards are impossible in Israel ________.A) if customer complaints go unnoticed by the managementB) unless foreign companies are introduced in greater numbersC) if there’s no competition among companiesD) without strict routine training of employees28. If someone in Israel today needs a repairman in case of a power failure, ________.A) they can have it fixed in no timeB) it’s no longer necessary to make an appointmentC) the appointment takes only half a day to makeD) they only have to wait half an hour at most29. The example of El A1 Airlines shows that _______.A) revengeful customers are a threat to the monopoly of enterprisesB) an ad campaign is a way out for enterprises in financial difficultyC) a good slogan has great potential for improving serviceD) staff retraining is essential for better service30. Why did Bezaq’s international branch lose 40% of its market share?A) Because the rates it offered were not competitive enough.B) Because customers were dissatisfied with its past service.C) Because the service offered by its competitors was far better.D) Because it no longer received any support from the government.Part four Vocabulary and Structure (20 minutes)Directions: There are 3.0. incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.31. Such crimes may be so complex that months or years go by before anyone _______ them.A) discovered C) would have discoveredB) will discover D) discovers32. Though ________ in a big city, Peter always prefers to paint the primitive scenes of country life.A) grown C) tendedB) raised D) cultivated33. The careless man received a ticket for speeding. He ________ have driven so fast.A) can’t C) shouldn’tB) wouldn’t D) mustn’t34. If people feel hopeless, they don’t bother to ________ the skills they need to succeed.A) adopt C) accumulateB) acquire D) assemble35. If I ________ harder at school, I would be sitting in a comfortable office now.A) worked C) had workedB) were to work D) were working36. The shop assistant was dismissed as she was ________ of cheating customers.A) accused C) scoldedB) charged D) cursed37. All her energies are ________ upon her children and she seems to have little time for anything else.A) guided C) directedB) aimed D) focused38. While crossing the mountain area, all the men carried guns lest they ___ by wild animals.A) should be attacked C) must be attackedB) had been attacked D) would be attacked39. Everyone should be ___ to a decent standard of living and an opportunity to be educated.A) attributed C) identifiedB) entitled D) justified40. His wife is constantly funding _______ with him, which makes him very angry.A) errors C) faultB) shortcomings D) flaw41. Vitamins are complex _______ that the body requires in very small mounts.A) matters C) particlesB) materials D) substances42. Apart from caring for her children, she has to take on such heavy _______ housework as carrying water and firewood.A) time-consumed C) time-consumingB) timely-consumed D) timely-consuming43. Anna was reading a piece of science fiction, completely _______ to the outside world.A) having been lost C) losingB) to be lost D) lost44. The police are trying to find out the _______ of the woman killed in the traffic accident.A) evidence C) statusB) recognition D) identity45. All human beings have a comfortable zone regulating the _______ they keep from someone they talk with.A) distance C) rangeB) scope D) boundary46. We have planned an exciting publicity _______ with our advertisers.A) struggle C) battleB) campaign D) conflict47. _______ the help of their group, we would not have succeeded in the investigation.A) Besides C) But forB) Regardless of D) Despite48. _______ much is known about what occurs during sleep, the precise function of sleep and its different stages remains largely in the realm of assumption.A) Because C) SinceB) For D) While49. John doesn’t believe in _______ medicine; he has some remedies of his own.A) standard C) routineB) regular D) conventional50. Owing to _______ competition among the airlines, travel expenses have been reduced considerably.A) fierce C) eagerB) strained D) critical51. They always give the vacant seats to _______ comes first.A) whoever C) whoB) whomever D) whom52. In Africa, educational costs are very low for those who are _______ enough to get into universities.A) ambitious C) aggressiveB) fortunate D) substantial53. Professor Wang, _______ for his informative lectures, was warmly received by his students.A) knowing C) to be knownB) known D) having known54. Our manager is _______ an important customer now and he will be back this afternoon.A) calling on C) calling upB) calling in D) calling for55. A fire engine must have priority as it usually has to deal with some kind of _______.A) precaution C) emergencyB) crisis D) urgency56. He said that the driver must have had an accident; otherwise he _______ by then.A) would have arrived C) should arriveB) must have arrived D) would arrive57. The film provides a deep _______ into a wide range of human qualifies and feelings.A) insight C) fancyB) imagination D) outlook58. It is high time that such practices _______.A) are ended C) were endedB) be ended D) must be ended59. Urban crowdedness would be greatly relieved if only the _______ charged on public transport were more reasonable.A) fees C) paymentsB) fares D) costs60. The doctor had almost lost hope at one point, but the patient finally _______.A) pulled out C) pulled upB) pulled through D) pulled over真题预测(二)［参考答案］1. B2. D3. D4. B5. A6. D7. B8. A9. C 10. B11. A 12. C 13. B 14. B 15. A 16. A 17. B 18. D 19. B 20. D21. D 22. C 23. C 24. B 25. A 26. A 27. C 28. D 29. D 30. B31. D 32. B 33. C 34. B 35. C 36. A 37. D 38. A 39. B 40. C41. D 42. C 43. D 44. D 45. A 46. B 47. C 48. D 49. D 50. A51. A 52. B 53. B 54. A 55. C 56. A 57. A 58. C 59. B 60. BS1. mysterious S2. coupled S3. ruiningS4. percent S5. species S6. ensureS7. averageS8. When you consider that equals a quarter of the world catch, you begin to see the size of the problem.S9. True, some countries are beginning to deal with this problem, but it’s vital we find a rational way of fishingS10. Before every ocean becomes a dead sea, it would make sense to give the fish enough time to recover, grow to full size and reproduce。
2007年12月大学英语四级试题及参考答案.doc
Part I Writing (30 minutes)What electives to choose1. 各大学开设了各种各样的选修课2. 学生因为各种原因选择了不同的选修课3. 以你自己为例……Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning ) (15 minutes)Universities Branch OutAs never before in their long history, universities have become instruments of national competition as well as instruments of peace. They are the place of the scientific discoveries that move economies forward, and the primary means of educating the talent required to obtain and maintain competitive advantage. But at the same time, the opening of national borders to the flow of goods, services, information and especially people has made universities a powerful force for global integration, mutual understanding and geopolitical stability.In response to the same forces that have driven the world economy, universities have become more self-consciously global: seeking students form around the world who represent the entire range of cultures and values, sending their own students abroad to prepare them for global careers, offering courses of study that address the challenges of an interconnected world and collaborative (合作的) research programs to advance science for the benefit of all humanity.Of the forces shaping higher education none is more sweeping than the movement across borders. Over the past three decades the number of students leaving home each year to study abroad has grown at an annual rate of 3.9 percent, from 800,000 in 1975 to 2.5 million in 2004. Most travel from one developed nation to another, but the flow from developing to developed countries is growing rapidly. The reverse flow, from developed to developing countries, is on the rise, too. Today foreign students earn 30 percent of the doctoral degrees awarded in the United States and 38 percent of those in the United Kingdom. And the number crossing borders for undergraduate study is growing as well, to 8 percent of the undergraduates at America’s best institutions and 10 percent of all undergraduates in the U.K. In the United States, 20 percent of the newly hired professors in science and engineering are foreign-born, and in China many newly hired faculty members at the top research universities received their graduate education abroad.Universities are also encouraging students to spend some of their undergraduate years in another country. In Europe, more than 140,000 students participate in the Erasmus program each year, taking courses for credit in one of 2,200 participating institutions across the continent. And in the United States, institutions are helping place students in summer internships (实习) abroad to prepare them for global careers. Yale and Harvard have led the way, offering every undergraduate at least one international study or internship opportunity-and providing the financial resources to make it possible.Globalization is also reshaping the way research is done. One new trend involves sourcing portions of a research program to another country. Yale professor and Howard Hughes Medical Institute investigator Tian Xu directs a research center focused on the genetics of human disease at Shanghai’s Fudan University, in collaboration with faculty colleagues from both schools. The Shanghai center has 95 employees and graduate students working in a 4,300-square-meter laboratory facility. Yale faculty, postdoctors and graduate students visit regularly and attend videoconference seminars with scientists from both campuses. The arrangement benefits bothcountries; Xu’s Yale lab is more productive, thanks to the lower costs of conducting research in china, and Chinese graduate students, postdoctors and faculty get on-the-job training from a world-class scientist and his U.S. team.As a result of its strength in science, the United States has consistently led the world in the commercialization of major new technologies, from the mainframe computer and the integrated circuit of the 1960s to the Internet infrastructure (基础设施) and applications software of the 1990s. The link between university-based science and industrial application is often indirect but sometimes highly visible: Silicon Valley was intentionally created by Stanford University, and Route 128 outside Boston has long housed companies spun off from MIT and Harvard. Around the world, governments have encouraged copying of this model, perhaps most successfully in Cambridge, England, where Microsoft and scores of other leading software and biotechnology companies have set up shop around the university.For all its success, the United States remains deeply hesitant about sustaining the research-university model. Most politician recognize the link between investment in science and national economic strength, but support for research funding has been unsteady. The budget of the National Institutes of Health doubled between 1998 and 2003, but has risen more slowly than inflation since then. Support for the physical sciences and engineering barely kept pace with inflation during that same period. The attempt to make up lost ground is welcome, but the nation would be better served by steady, predictable increases in science funding at the rate of long-term GDP growth, which is on the order of inflation plus 3 percent per year.American politicians have great difficulty recognizing that admitting more foreign students can greatly promote the national interest by increasing international understanding. Adjusted for inflation, public funding for international exchanges and foreign-language study is well below the levels of 40 years ago. In the wake of September 11, changes in the visa process caused a dramatic decline in the number of foreign students seeking admission to U.S. Universities, and a corresponding surge in enrollments in Australia, Singapore and the U.K. Objections from American university and business leaders led to improvements in the process and a reversal of the decline, but the United States is still seen by many as unwelcoming to international students. Most Americans recognize that universities contribute to the nation’s well-being through their scientific research, but many fear that foreign students threaten American competitiveness by taking their knowledge and skills back home. They fail to grasp that welcoming foreign students to the United States has two important positive effects: first, the very best of them stay in the States and –like immigrants throughout history-strengthen the nation; and second, foreign students who study in the United States become ambassadors for many of its most cherished (珍视) values when they return home. Or at least they understand them better. In America as elsewhere, few instruments of foreign policy are as effective in promoting peace and stability as welcoming international university students.1. From the first paragraph we know that present-day universities have become_________.A) more and more research-oriented B) in-service training organizationsC) more popularized than ever before D) a powerful force for global integration2. Over the past three decades, the enrollment of overseas students has increased__________.A) by 2.5 million B) by 800,000C) at an annual rate of 3.9 percent D) at an annual rate of 8 percent3. In the United States, how many of the newly hired professors in science and engineering areforeign-born?A) 10% B) 20% C)30% D)38%4. How do Yale and Harvard prepare their undergraduates for global careers?A) They organize a series of seminars on world economy.B) They offer them various courses in international politics.C) They arrange for them to participate in the Erasmus program.D)They give them chances for international study or internship.5. An example illustrating the general trend of universities’ globalization is __________.A) Yale’s collaboration with Fudan Univer sity on genetic researchB) Yale’s helping Chinese universities to launch research projectsC) Yale’s students exchange program with European institutionsD) Yale’s establishing branch campuses throughout the world6. What do we learn about Silicon Valley from the passage?A) It houses many companies spun off from MIT and Harvard.B) It is known to be the birthplace of Microsoft Company.C) It was intentionally created by Stanford University.D) It is where the Internet infrastructure was built up.7. What is said about the U.S. federal funding for research?A) It has increased by 3 percent. B) It has been unsteady for years.C) It has been more than sufficient. D) It doubled between 1998 and 2003.8. The dramatic decline in the enrollment of foreign students in the U.S. after September 11 was caused by ____.9. Many Americans fear that American competitiveness may be threatened by foreign students who will_____.10. The policy of welcoming foreign students can benefit the U.S. in that the very best of them will stay and ___.Part III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes)Section A11. A) She used to be in poor health. B) She was popular among boys.C) She was somewhat overweight. D) She didn’t do well at high school.12. A) At the airport. B) In a restaurant. C) In a booking office. D) At the hotel reception.13. A) Teaching her son by herself. B) Having confidence in her son.C) Asking the teacher for extra help. D) Telling her son not to worry.14. A) Have a short break. B) Take two weeks off.C) Continue her work outdoors. D) Go on vacation with the man.15. A) He is taking care of his twin brother. B) He has been feeling ill all week.C) He is worried about Rod’s health.D) He has been in perfect condition.16. A) She sold all her furniture before she moved house.B) She still keeps some old furniture in her new house.C) She plants to put all her old furniture in the basement.D) She bought a new set of furniture from Italy last month.17. A) The woman wondered why the man didn’t return the book.B) The woman doesn’t seem to know what the book is about.C) The woman doesn’t fi nd the book useful any more.D) The woman forgot lending the book to the man.18. A) Most of the man’s friends are athletes.B) Few people share the woman’s opinion.C) The man doesn’t look like a sportsman.D) The woman doubts the man’s athletic ability. Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. A) She has packed it in one of her bags. B) She is going to get it at the airport.C) She has probably left it in a taxi. D) She is afraid that she has lost it.20. A) It ends in winter. B) It will cost her a lot.C) It will last one week. D) It depends on the weather.21. A) The plane is taking off soon. B) The taxi is waiting for them.C) There might be a traffic jam. D) There is a lot of stuff to pack.22. A) At home. B) At the airport. C) In the man’s car.D) By the side of a taxi. Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.23. A) She is thirsty for promotion. B) She wants a much higher salary.C) She is tired of her present work. D) She wants to save travel expenses.24. A) Translator. B) Travel agent. C) Language instructor. D) Environmental engineer.25. A) Lively personality and inquiring mind. B) Communication skills and team spirit.C) Devotion and work efficiency. D) Education and experience.Section BPassage OneQuestions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard.26. A) They care a lot about children. B) They need looking after in their old age.C) They want to enrich their life experience. D) They want children to keep them company.27. A) They are usually adopted from distant places.B) Their birth information is usually kept secret.C) Their birth parents often try to conceal their birth information.D) Their adoptive parents don’t want them to know their birth parents.28. A) They generally hold bad feelings towards their birth parents.B) They do not want to hurt the feelings of their adoptive parents.C) They have mixed feelings about finding their natural parents.D) They are fully aware of the expenses involved in the search.29. A) Early adoption makes for closer parent-child relationship.B) Most people prefer to adopt children from overseas.C) Understanding is the key to successful adoption.D) Adoption has much to do with love.Passage TwoQuestions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.30. A) He suffered from mental illness. B) He bought The Washington Post.C) He turned a failing newspaper into a success. D) He was once a reporter for a major newspaper.31. A) She was the first woman to lead a big U.S. publishing company.B) She got her first job as a teacher at the University of Chicago.C) She committed suicide because of her mental disorder.D) She took over her father’s position when he died.32. A) People came to see the role of women in the business world.B) Katharine played a major part in reshaping Americans’ mind.C) American media would be quite different without Katharine.D) Katharine had exerted an important influence on the world.Passage ThreeQuestions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.33. A) It’ll enable them to enjoy the best medical care.B) It’ll allow them to receive free medical treatment.C) It’ll protect them from possible financial crises.D) It’ll prevent the doctors from overcharging them.34. A) They can’t immediately get back the money paid for their medical cost.B) They have to go through very complicated application procedures.C) They can only visit doctor who speak their native languages.D) They may not be able to receive timely medical treatment.35. A) They don’t have to pay for the medical services.B) They needn’t pay the entire medical bill at once.C) They must send the receipts to the insurance company promptly.D) They have to pay a much higher price to get an insurance policy.Section CMore and more of the world’s population are living in towns or cities. The speed at which cities are growing in the less developed countries is (36)________. Between 1920 and 1960 big cities in developed countries (37) ________ two and a half times in size, but in other parts of the world the growth was eight times their size.The (38) _________ size of growth is bad enough, but there are now also very (39) _________ signs of trouble in the (40) ___________of percentages of people living in towns and percentages of people working in industry. During the nineteenth century cities grew as a result of the growth of industry . In Europe the (41) ___________of people living in cities was always smaller than that of the (42) __________working in factories. Now, however, the (43) ____________ is almost always true in the newly industrialized world : (44) ________.Without a base of people working in industry, these cities cannot pay for their growth; (45) _____________. There has been little opportunity to build water supplies or other facilities. (46) __________________ a growth in the number of hopeless and despairing parents and starving children.Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth ) (25 minutes)Section AQuestion 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.As war spreads to many corners of the globe, children sadly have been drawn into the center of conflicts. In Afghanistan, Bosnia, and Colombia, however, groups of children have been taking part in peace education 47 . The children, after learning to resolve conflicts, took on the 48 of peacemakers. The Children’s Movement for Peace in Colombia was even nominated (提名) for the Nobel Peace Prize in 1998. Groups of children 49 as peacemakers studied human rights and poverty issues in Colombia, eventually forming a group with five other schools in Bogota knownas The Schools of Peace.The classroom 50 opportunities for children to replace angry, violent behaviors with 51 , peaceful ones. It is in the classroom that caring and respect for each person empowers children to take a step 52 toward becoming peacemakers. Fortunately, educators have access to many online resources that are 53 useful when helping children along the path to peace. The Young Peacemakers Campaign. The World Centers of Compassion for Children International call attention to children’s rights and how to help the 55of war. Starting a Peacemakers’ Club is a praiseworthy venture for a class and one that could spread to other classrooms and ideally affect the culture of the 56 school.A) acting B) assuming C) comprehensive D) cooperative E) entire F) especially G) forward H) images I) information J) offersK) projects L) respectively M) role N) technology O) victims Section BPassage OneQuestions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.By almost any measure, there is a boom in Internet-based instruction. In just a few years, 34 percent of American universities have begun offering some form of distance learning (DL), and among the larger schools, it’s closer to 90 percent. If you doubt the popularity of the trend, you probably haven’t heard of the University of Phoenix. It grants degrees entirely on the basis of online instruction. It enrolls 90,000 students, a statistic used to support its claim to be the largest private university in the country.While the kinds of instruction offered in these programs will differ, DL usually signifies a course in which the instructors post syllabi (课程大纲), reading assignments, and schedules on Websites, and students send in their assignments by e-mail. Generally speaking, face-to-face communication with an instructor is minimized or eliminated altogether.The attraction for students might at first seem obvious. Primarily, there’s the convenience promised by courses on the Net: you can do the work, as they say, in your pajamas (睡衣). But figures indicate that the reduced effort results in a reduced commitment to the course. While dropout rates for all freshmen at American universities is around 20 percent, the rate for online students is 35 percent. Students themselves seem to understand the weaknesses inherent in the setup. In a survey conducted for eCornell, the DL division of Cornell University, less than a third of the respondents expected the quality of the online course to be as good as the classroom course. Clearly, from the schools’ perspective, there’s a lot of money to be saved. Altho ugh some of the more ambitious programs require new investments in severs and networks to support collaborative software, most DL courses can run on existing or minimally upgraded(升级) systems. The more students who enroll in a course but don’t come to camp us, the more the schools saves on keeping the lights on in the classrooms, paying doorkeepers, and maintaining parking lots. And, while there’s evidence that instructors must work harder to run a DL course for a variety of reasons, they won’t be paid any m ore, and might well be paid less.57. What is the most striking feature of the University of Phoenix?A) All its courses are offered online.B) Its online courses are of the best quality.C) It boasts the largest number of students on campus.D) Anyone taking its online courses is sure to get a degree.58. According to the passage, distance learning is basically characterized by _________.A) a considerable flexibility in its academic requirementsB) the great diversity of students’ academic backg roundsC) a minimum or total absence of face-to-face instructionD) the casual relationship between students and professors59. Many students take Internet-based courses mainly because they can ________.A) earn their academic degrees with much less effortB) save a great deal on traveling and boarding expenseC) select courses from various colleges and universitiesD) work on the required courses whenever and wherever60. What accounts for the high drop-out rates for online students?A) There is no strict control over the academic standards of the courses.B) The evaluation system used by online universities is inherently weak.C) There is no mechanism to ensure that they make the required effort.D) Lack of classroom interaction reduces the effectiveness of instruction.61. According to the passage, universities show great enthusiasm for DL programs for the purpose of ________.A) building up their reputation B) cutting down on their expensesC) upgrading their teaching facilities D) providing convenience for students Passage TwoQuestions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.In this age of Internet chat, videogames and reality television, there is no shortage of mindless activities to keep a child occupied. Yet, despite the competition, my 8-year-old daughter Rebecca wants to spend her leisure time writing short stories. She wants to enter one of her stories into a writing contest, a competition she won last year.As a writer I know about winning contests, and about losing them. I know what it is like to work hard on a story to receive a rejection slip from the publisher. I also know the pressures of trying to live up to a reputation created by previous victories. What if she doesn’t win the cont est again? That’s the strange thing about being a parent. So many of our own past scars and dashed hopes can surface.A revelation (启示) came last week when I asked her, “Don’t you want to win again?” “No,” she replied, “I just want to tell the story of an angel going to first grade.”I had just spent weeks correcting her stories as she spontaneously (自发地) told them. Telling myself that I was merely an experienced writer guiding the young writer across the hall. I offered suggestions first grade was qu ickly “guided” by me into the tale of a little girl with a wild imagination taking her first music lesson. I had turned her contest into my contest without even realizing it.Staying back and giving kids space to grow is not as easy as it looks. Because I know little about farm animals who use tools or angels who go to first grade. I had to accept the fact that I was co-opting (借用) my daughter’s experience.While steeping back was difficult for me, it was certainly a good first step that I will quickly follow with more steps, putting myself far enough away to give her room but close enough to help if asked. All the while I will be reminding myself that children need room to experiment , grow and find their own voices.62. What do we learn from the first paragraph?A) Children do find lots of fun in many mindless activities.B) Rebecca is much too occupied to enjoy her leisure time.C) Rebecca draws on a lot of online materials for her writing.D) A lot of distractions compete for children’s time nowadays.63. What did the author say about her own writing experience?A) She did not quire live up to her reputation as a writer.B) Her way to success was full of pains and frustrations.C) She was constantly under pressure of writing more.D) Most of her stories had been rejected by publishers.64. Why did Rebecca want to enter this year’s writing contest?A) She believed she possessed real talent for writing. B) She was sure of winning with her mother’s help.C) She wanted to share her stories with readers. D) She had won a prize in the previous contest.65. The author took great pains to refine her daughter’s stories because___________.A) she believed she had the knowledge and experience to offer guidance.B) she did not want to disappoint Rebecca who needed her help so muchC) she wanted to help Rebecca realize her dream of becoming a writerD) she was afraid Rebecca’s imagination might run wild while writing66.What’s the author’s advice for parents?A) A writing career, though attractive, is not for every child to pursuer.B) Children should be allowed freedom to grow through experience.C) Parents should keep an eye on the activities their kids engage in.D) Children should be given every chance to voice their opinions.Part IV Cloze (15 minutes)One factor that can influence consumers is their mood state. Mood may be defined 67 a temporary and mild positive or negative feeling that is generalize and not tied 68 any particular circumstance. Moods should be 69 form emotions which are usually more intense, 70 to specific circumstances, and often conscious. 71 one sense, the effect of a consumer’s mood can be thought of in 72 the same way as can our reactions to the 73 of our friends---when our friends ar e happy and “ up”, that tends to influence us positively, 74when they are “down”, that can have a 75 impact on us. Similarly, consumers operating under a 76 mood state tend to react to stimuli (刺激因素) in a direction 77 with that mood state. Thus, for example, we should expect to see 78 in a positive mood state evaluate products in more of a 79 manner than they would when not in such a state. 80 , mood states appear capable of 81 a consumer’s memory. Moods appear to be 82 influenced by marketing techniques. For example, the rhythm, pitch, and 83 of music has been shown to influence behavior such as the 84 of time spent in supermarkets or 85 to purchase products. In addition, advertising can influence consumers’ moods which, in 86 , are capable of i nfluencing consumers’ reactions to products.67. A) as B) about C) by D) with68. A) over B) under C) to D) up69. A) derived B) descended C) divided D) distinguished70. A) related B) referred C) attached D) associated71. A) On B) In C) Of D) By72. A) thus B) much C) even D) still73. A) signal B) gesture C) view D) behavior74. A) for B) but C) unless D) provided75. A) relative B) decisive C) negative D) sensitive76. A) given B) granted C) fixed D) driven77. A) resistant B) persistent C) insistent D) consistent78. A) consumers B) businessmen C) serious D) manufacturers79. A) casual B) critical C) serious D) favorable80. A) However B) Otherwise C) Moreover D) Nevertheless81. A) lifting B) enhancing C) raising D) cultivating82. A) readily B) rarely C) cautiously D) currently83. A) step B) speed C) band D) volume84. A) extent B) amount C) scope D) range85. A) facilities B) capacities C) reflections D) intentions86. A) turn B) total C) detail D) depthPart VI Translation (5 minutes)87. ________________（多亏了一系列的新发明）, doctors can treat this disease successfully.88. In my sixties, one change I notice is that _________________ (我比以前更容易累了).89. I am going to pursue this course, ____________________(无论我要作出什么样的牺牲).90. I would prefer shopping online to shopping in a department store because __________（它更加方便和省时）.91. Many Americans live on credit, and their quality of life ____________________（是用他们能够借到多少衡量的），not how much they can earn.参考答案作文：2007年12月的英语四级考试，作文题没有任何新意。
最新 2007年12月英语四级考试听力篇章部分点睛-精品
1)说明文：展示一种现象，分析其原因
过去的情况—现在的情况—形成的原因—人们的看法和建议
展示方法：定义，分类，比较，对比，举例等
2)科普论文
一种常见的现象—提出一个假设或是抽象的问题—分析其原因或给出一种推测的理论—试验研究的介绍—试验结果分析—研究成果的运用或者解决问题的办法
展示方法：说明，逻辑推理，介绍等
2007
一.主要内容：
社会问题：social issues
妇女解放运动
民族问题
劳动就业
பைடு நூலகம்能源
污染
住房
交通
卫生
一般知识：common sense
风土人情
节假日
历史事件
法律
宗教
与
科普知识：popular science
新奇的，时髦的科普知识介绍或实验成果及其应用的介绍。
人物传记：biography
历史人物或者名人轶事的介绍
3)记叙文：
事件的起因—人物，时间，地点等—发展—高潮—结果—有事件产生的指导意义或教训
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2007年12月大学英语四级试题重点词汇和短语Part II Reading comprehension (Skipping and Scanning)The primary means of educating the talent required to obtain and maintain competitive advantage.Compete v.Competition n. competitor n. 竞争者Competitive a.Global integration,mutual understanding 相互理解and geopolitical stability/stable a.Integrate v.In response to the same forces…对…作出回应Address the challenge s 解决挑战of an interconnected world and collaborative research…Of the forces shaping higher education none is more sweeping(势如破竹的，.彻底的，大大的势不可挡的，厉害的) than the …没有什么比…更全面a sweeping victoryOver the past years…the number of students…has grown at an annual rate of…以每年…的速度…But the flow from developing to developed is growing rapidly. The reverse flow…is on the rise反向的；在增长Many newly hired faculty members新聘教师……directs a research center focused on the genetics of human disease …in collaboration with faculty colleagues from…和…合作同事=peers=coworkersYale faculty, postdoctors博士后and graduate students研究生visit regularly and attend videoconference seminars…研讨会=workshop The US has consistently一贯的；经常的led the world in the …Persistently固执的；持续的Infrastructure 基础设施The US remains deeply hesitant about sustain ing the research modelHesitate (to do) v. hesitation n.Support for…barely kept pace with inflation.The attempt to make up for lost ground is welcomeIn the wake of在…之后；随着…changes in the visa process caused a dramatic decline ..巨大的下滑Decline v. ~to do sth 拒绝做…n. 下降A corresponding surge起伏；汹涌in enrollments…对应的Cherish-value选项Research-orient ed=research centred 以…为中心的A powerful force for international integration…to launch research projectsIt houses many companies spun off from MITSpin-off附带利益；副产品Part III Listening Comprehension短对话In a booking office 售票厅Hotel reception 前台A new set of furniture 一组家具Athlete n. , athletic a.长对话She is thirsty for promotion 渴望She is tired of the present work 对..厌倦Travel agen t人Real estate agen t房地产中介Agen cy中介机构Lively personality and inquiring mind 活泼的个性及求知欲Communication skills and team spirit 沟通能力及团队精神Devotion and efficiency 忠于职守及高效短文They want children to keep them company 做伴The birth parents often try to conceal ..掩藏The natural parents 亲生父母The adoptive parents 养父母She committed suicide because of mental disorder精神错乱She took over her father’s position 接管…had exerted an important influence on the world=impose an influence on对…施加影响They have to go through very complicated application procedureGo through=experience=undergo经历timely medical treatmentThey must send the receipts to the insurance company promptly prompt a. v.Part IV Reading comprehensionSection AThe children , after learning to resolve conflict, took on the role of peacekeepers.Resolve v. resolutionSolve v. solutionEvolve v. evolutionTake on the role of 承担…的任务/角色human rights and poverty issuespoverty-relief fund 救济款poverty-hit/stricken area 贫困地区replace angry, violent behaviors with cooperative....is a praiseworthy venture for a class 冒险；尝试Section Bdistance learning 远程教育DL usually signifies为之表征a course in which the instructors post syllabi,教学大纲（复数，syllabus）reading assignments and schedules on,Face-to face communication with an instructor is minimized or eliminated altogether.But figures indicate that the reduced effort results in a reduced commitment to the course.while dropout rates for …退学率from the school’s perspective…从学校的角度来看Collaborative collaborate collaboration选项a considerable flexibility inSave a great deal on traveling and boarding expenses住宿The evaluation system used by online universities is inherently weakThere is no mechanism制度to ensure that they make the required effortbuilding up their reputationcutting down on their expensesupgrading their teaching facilities第二篇I know what it is likely to work hard on a story only to receive a rejection slip from the publisher结果却是…I also know the procedure s of trying to live up to a reputation created by previous victories.So many of our own past scars and dashed hopes can surface选项draw on a lot of online materials 依赖于；利用Her way to success成功之路was full of pains and frustrationsShe possessed real talent for writing 有天赋take great pains to refine her daughters stories努力做…; 修饰；润色=polish..imagination might run wild while writing 天马行空完型中所有选项中出现的单词。