英语语法Grammar
英语语法汇总Grammar
英语语法汇总Grammar营口高中韩祥宇目录contents一．时态二.冠词三.代词四.介词和介词短语五.形容词和副词六情态动词七.非谓语动词八.简单句和并列句九.倒装十.情景交际十一.定语从句十二.名词性从句十三.状语从句§一时态一进行体①现在进行时 1.look! what is he doing 表示说话时正在发生的动作2.目前这段时间的持续(不强调起止) eg:⑴He is writing a novel these day⑵I’m just helping until the new secretary(秘书)comes3.终止性动词（非延续性动词）的进行体表将来，有计划性。
4.“越来越”表渐进性 eg:It’s getting cooler and cooler5.eg:always／forever表示说话人的赞扬或抱怨／constantly(经常的)②将来进行时 1.形式will／shall be doing2.表示未来将于某一段某一点3.表推测（客观存在）无计划性表可能 eg:I shall be meeting Alice.③完成进行时 1.形式have／has been doing2.强调持续性，强调中间无间断3.延续性 eg:I have been writing a report which will finished tomorrow.4.非延续性动词用于完成进行时表反复性 eg:Since summer this year he have been going to the night school(自从去年夏天，他一直去夜校)二完成体①现在完成时 1.形式have／has done2.有起点（过去）有终点（现在）不强调过去什么时候发生，只强调现在什么时候完成。
3.动作发生在过去持续到现在4.动作没持续到现在但影响持续到现在 eg:I got caught in the rain just now any coat has been damaged5．曾经有过的经历6.说话所处的时间段内反复发生的动作 eg:Tom’s car has been broken into five’s this month.7．句型:It is(现在时)the first time(that)I have seen(现在完成时)the film.seen(现在完成时) ever since.eg2: When he came to,he wondered how long he had lain(躺)on the ground.②将来完成时 1.形式will/shall have done2.by＋将来时间状语 eg:By the end of this year,I will have finished this job.3.主将从现eg：{By(将来时间点) the time I arrived（现在时）}（时间状语从句）,Tom will have left.三一般体①一般现在时 1.表示性质，状态，属性，特征2．表示频度，经常性※反例：I didn’t ask for the name list how has it landed on my dask?3.客观事实（书评、影评、真理、文学评论）4.固定时间发生的事用现在时替代将来时。
英语语法Grammar
1 (see 、hear 、notice 、find 、feel 、listen to 、look at (感官动词)+do eg:I like watching monkeys jump2 （比较级and 比较级）表示越来越怎么样3 a piece of cake =easy 小菜一碟（容易）4 agree with sb 赞成某人5 all kinds of 各种各样a kind of 一样6 all over the world = the whole world 整个世界7 along with同……一道，伴随……eg : the students planted trees along with their teachers 学生同老师们一起种树8 As soon as 一怎么样就怎么样9 as you can see 你是知道的10 ask for ……求助向…要…（直接接想要的东西）eg : ask you for my book11 ask sb for sth 向某人什么12 ask sb to do sth 询问某人某事ask sb not to do 叫某人不要做某事13 at the age of 在……岁时eg：I am sixteen I am at the age of sixteen14 at the beginning of …………的起初；……的开始15 at the end of +地点/+时间最后；尽头；末尾eg : At the end of the day16 at this time of year 在每年的这个时候17 be /feel confident of sth /that clause +从句感觉/对什么有信心，自信eg : I am / feel confident of my spoken English I feel that I can pass the test18 be + doing 表：1 现在进行时2 将来时19 be able to (+ v 原) = can (+ v 原）能够……eg : She is able to sing She can sing20 be able to do sth 能够干什么eg :she is able to sing21 be afraid to do (of sth 恐惧，害怕……eg : I'm afraed to go out at night I'm afraid of dog22 be allowed to do 被允许做什么eg: I'm allowed to watch TV 我被允许看电视I should be allowed to watch TV 我应该被允许看电视23 be angry with sb 生某人的气eg : Don't be angry with me24 be angry with(at) sb for doing sth 为什么而生某人的气25 be as…原级…as 和什么一样eg : She is as tall as me 她和我一样高26 be ashamed to 不好意思…27 be away from 远离28 be away from 从……离开29 be bad for 对什么有害eg : Reading books in the sun is bad for your eyes 在太阳下看书对你的眼睛不好30 be born 出生于情感型使动词表示客观事物使人产生情感上的变化，可以分为下列概念：（1）惊讶（surprise）；（2）高兴（delight）；（3）恼怒（irritation）；（4）烦扰（trouble）；（5）兴趣（interest）；（6）激动（excitement）；（7）迷惑（bewilderment）；（8）坚信（conviction）；（9）恐吓（fright）；（10）厌倦（tiredness）和（ll）愤怒（anger）。
Grammar英语语法
人称代词：指人、物be动词：我用am，你用are，is连着他她它。
单数用is，复数用are疑问提前be，否定+not可数名词复数：一般直接加s，以s,x,ch,sh结尾+eso结尾，有生命+es,无生命+s辅音+y结尾，y变i+esf,fe结尾，f,fe变v+esf,fe结尾，直接加s：giraffe，roof，handkerchief，scarf，golf可数名词有单复数，单数用a/an修饰，不可数名词无复数，常与a+量词+of+u.n. 两者都可用some修饰指示代词：this（这个），that（那个），these （这些），those（那些）所有格：表人：sb+’s表物：of（前后倒置）there be：有地点介词：里面in，上面on，over，under 上下方；between…and两者间，among用于3者间，紧挨next to，附近near，before 后面，in front of在外部前方，in the front of空间内部前方来自from，朝前to，里面穿过是through，表面穿过across，到里面into，到上面onto 一般现在时：表示经常反复、现在状态、客观真理助动词：do，does否定分别don’t,doesn’t 动词单三：一般+s,以s,x,ch,sh，o结尾，词尾+es，辅音+y结尾，y变i+es，have单三是has 一般疑问句把be、情态动词、助动词提前，谓语动词还原特殊疑问句=特殊疑问词+一般疑问句how many提问可数名词复数how much提问不可数名词年月季节前用in，日期前面可不行，具体几号要用on，上午下午又是in，具体某天上下午，要用on来不用inat用法真不少，正午午夜到黎明频度副词：always（100%），usually（90%），often（80%），sometimes(40%),seldom(30%) never(0%)现在进行时：表现在正在进行的动作结构：be+doing现在分词变化规则：一般直接+ing不发音e结尾，去e+ing重读闭音节结尾，双写词尾辅音字母+ing ie结尾，ie变y+ing形容词：系动词后，名词前；译为：…的方式副词：用在动词后，译为：…地形容词变副词规则：一般直接+ly，个别e结尾去e+ly，y结尾，y变i+ly情态动词：can,should,shall,would,could+v原；否定+not，疑问直接提前have to,would like to,+v原；否定前+don’t 疑问前+do一般过去时：表过去发生的事动词过去式变化规则：一般直接+ed,e结尾+d,辅音字母+y结尾，y变i+ed重读闭音节，双写辅音字母+ed过去时中，助动词用did，be的过去式为was（am，is），were（are）其他结构和现在时相同祈使句：表命令、警告、指示、建议肯定：v原+其他否定：don’t+v原+其他and表并列，多个成分用and连接，在最后两个成分之间，其余用逗号隔开or表选择，用法与and相同but表转折，连接相反意义的词some用于肯定句中，接可数名词复数或不可数名词any用于否定句和疑问句中，用法和some一样表委婉语气时，some在疑问句中不变any 形容词、副词的比较级和最高级变化规则：一般+er/est,e结尾，+r/st重读闭音节结尾，双写辅音字母+er/est 辅音字母+y结尾，y变i+er/est多音节词在前面+more/most一般将来时：表将要发生，或对未来打算三种表达方式：will/shall+v原be going to+v原be doing表将来过去进行时：表过去某一时间正在进行的动作构成：was/were+doing现在完成时：表发生在过去已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或后果结构：have/has+done一般动词过去分词与过去式变化相同一般疑问句把have/has提前其他不变，否定在have/has后+nothave been to曾经去过某地（已回）have gone to曾经去过某地（未回）already（已经）用在have/has和过去分词之间，用在句末表强调，常用于肯定句中yet用法和汉译与already相同，常用于否定或疑问句中since+时间点，译为自从…以来for+段时间，现在完成进行时：表开始于过去，现在仍进行或刚刚结束的动作现在完成进行时构成：have/has been doing 时间状语从句：1.when引导：表时间段或时间点，译为当…时候用法：主从同现/过，或主将从现2.while引导：表主、从动作同时进行用法：主从同现/过3.as soon as引导：译为一…就…4.not…until…引导：译为直到…才…条件状语从句：1.if引导：译为如果用法：主将从现2.unless引导：译为如果不/除非用法和if相同unless引导否定从句，与if…not不可互换，否则意思相反结果状语从句：so…that…引导：译为如此…以致于…原因状语从句：because引导：译为因为because和so不能连用because引导原因状语从句，从句一般在主句之后让步状语从句：although/though引导：译为虽然although/though不能和but/however连用直接引语：直接用别人原话，用引号标出间接引语：用自己的话转述别人的话，不用引号直接引语变间接引语要把现在时变为过去时，一人称变三人称，三人称一般不变附加疑问句：在陈述句之后，表对陈述内容提出质疑或通过反问以确定陈述句的一种疑问句构成：前肯后否，前否后肯陈述部分是I’m,附加部分用aren’t I答语用yes,肯定陈述部分；no否定陈述部分陈述句带有否定词，附加用肯定不定代词（表人）在正式语体中用he，非正式语体中用they不定代词（表物）用it。
英语语法Grammar
先行词
时间状语 关系副词
定语从句
The time when I first met Nelson Mandela was a
very difficult period of my life．
第一次见到纳尔逊· 曼德拉的时候是在
我一生中非常艰难的时期。
先行词 关系副词
地点状语
The school where I studied only two years
我祖父从前住的屋子离这儿不远。
The room is not far from here.
My grandfather once lived there.
The room where my grandfather once lived
关系副词 先行词
is not far from here.
定语从句
代词、分数词、数词等。 e.g. 1. In the dark street, there wasn’t a single D person _____she could turn for help.
A. that B. who C. from whom D. to whom turn to sb.for help 向某人寻求帮助
1.You saw the museum the other day. 2.We saw an exhibition in the museum the other day.
where= in which 3.He has left for Beijing,__________a meeting
will be held. which 4.He has left for Beijing,_________is the capital of China.
初中英语语法 English Grammar
初中英语语法English Grammar目录构词法（word-formation）名词（Nouns）冠词（Articles）代词（Pronouns）数词（Numerals）形容词（Adjectives）副词（Adverbs）介词（Prepositions）动词（Verbs）动词的时态（Tenses）动词的语态（Voices）限定动词与非限定动词（Finite and Non-finite Verbs）简单句（The simple sentences）It的用法（The use of “it”）并列句（The compound sentences）主从复合句（The complex sentences）构词法（word-formation）构词法（word-formation）——分为转换、派生、合成转换：常用于动词和名词之间的转换1)不改变读音、重度音节，只转换单词词性e.g.2）有些双音节词，作名词时，第一个音节重度；作动词时，第二个音节重度e.g. 名词动词’increase /’inkri:s/ 增加in’crease /in’kri:s/增加3）有些词可以用读音变化改变词性e.g. excuse /iks’kju:s/（名）歉意；道歉；借口excuse /iks’kju:z/（动）原谅4）有些形容词可以转化为动词e.g. He slowed down at the crossroad./ Please warm up the cold meat.派生前缀：加前缀一般不改变词类，而只是改变原词的词义构成反义词的前缀dis- disagree disappear dislikeim- impolite impossibleun- unable uncertain unhappy一些表示特定意思的前缀down 往下downloadkilo 千kilometreman 人，由人man-mademis 错误地mistake misunderstandre 重新，再次rebuild retell可以改变词性的前缀加在名词前构成形容词或副词asleep aboard asideen- 加在名词或形容词前构成动词encourage enable enrich后缀：加后缀一般改变词性名词后缀-an African American -er dancer driver reporter -ing feeling reading -ion action decision-ment development government -ness happiness sadness-or actor visitor -tion invention pronunciation-ure failure pleasure②形容词后缀-an American African -en golden wooden-ese Chinese Japanese -ful beautiful hopeful useful-ive active expensive -less careless endless useless-ly friendly -ous nervous dangerous-y dirty rainy③副词后缀-ly carefully happily clearly④数词后缀-teen thirteen -ty twenty -th fifth合成合成名词词加名词basketball形容词加名词blackboard动词-ing形式+另一词dining-room合成形容词形容词+动词-ing形式hard-working形容词+过去分词kind-hearted名词+过去分词man-made名词+动词-ing形式man-eating peace-loving合成动词词+动词water-ski副词+动词overeat overcome③ 形容词/副词+动词white-wash合成副词、代词合成副词upstairs beforehand合成代词myself everything其他构词法1）缩短法telephone—phone2）前后各截部分refrigerator—fridge3）缩写法名词（Nouns）一、名词的数：名词复数的构成规则规则复数变化多数在词尾加-s以s,x,ch,sh结尾的名词加-es e.g. match—matches以辅音字母加y结尾的名词，改y为i，再加-es e.g. story—stories以f，fe结尾的名词，一般把f，fe改为v，再加-es e.g. leaf—leaves但也有只加-s e.g. roof—roofs④以o结尾的名词，多数加-es e.g. hero—heroes但也有只加-s e.g. piano—pianos注：以o 结尾的名词，我们可按下面一条规律来记住它们的复数形式：指人和农作物的加-es、其他的加-s．（或者是有生命的加-es，无生命的加-s）不规则变化①名词单复数同形 e.g. sheep, deer, fish②单词拼写中变化元音字母 e.g. man—men tooth—teeth③有些是用-en做词尾构成复数形式 e.g. child—children ox—oxen④表示某国人的单词，单复数形式分为三种：A.单复数相同 a Chinese—five ChineseB.词尾加-s an American—seven AmericansC．变-man为-men an Englishman—ten Englishmen复合名词的复数形式1.将复合名词中的主题名词变为复数形式 e.g. new-comer—new-comers2.没有主题名词的，则在词尾加-s e.g. grown-up—grown-ups3.以man或woman开头的复合词，名词都要变为复数形式 e.g. man-doctor—men-doctors4.其他合成的词，只把最后一个词变为复数eg.boy friend—boy friends5.由两部分组成的物体名词和其他一些名词常用复数形式 e.g. trousers,clothes,scissors6.专有名词一般为不可数名词，但是表示某姓一家或夫妇和同名同姓若干时，用复数e.g. The Browns have gone to the cinema.7.在做定语的合成词中，名词要用单数形式e.g. an eighty-three-year-old grandpa8.以-s结尾的专有名词有两种情况A．表示国家、报纸等名词看做单数 e.g. the United StatesB. 表示群岛、山脉、瀑布、奥运会等专有名词看做复数，谓语也用复数形式e.g. The Alps are in Europe.名词复数词尾加-s或-es的读音规则如下表二、名词的种类：普通名词——个体名词，集体名词（可数）物质名词，抽象名词（不可数）专有名词普通名词是某一类人、某一类事物、某种物质或抽象概念的名词个体名词：表示单个的人或物e.g. tree树doctor医生cup杯子apple苹果表示一群人或一些事物的总称e.g. crowd人群army军队class班级family家庭group小组，团队police警方team队public公众物质名词：表示无法分为个体的物质e.g. tea茶paper纸snow雪cloth布wood木头sugar糖meat肉sand沙ink墨水coffee咖啡抽象名词：表示动作、状态、品质、感情等方面的抽象概念e.g. happiness幸福work工作music音乐experience经历pride骄傲failure失败protection保护专有名词3）可数名词和不可数名词①可数名词：其所表示的事物可以用数来计算，前面可用不定冠词a，an和数词，有复数形式②不可数名词：其所表示的事物不可以用数来计算，前面不能用不定冠词a，an和数词，没有复数形式。
英语语法(Grammar)
英语语法（Grammar）一、一般疑问句（The General Question Sentence）1、句子中有am ,is ,are的，把am ,is ,are提前，句号（period /΄piəriəd/）变成问号（question mark）。
例：This is a boy. →Is this a boy?2、句子中有will ,can的，把will, can提前，句号（period /΄piəriəd/）变成问号（question mark）。
例：He can play ball. →Can he play ball?3、变一般疑问句时，把I we变成you,把am变成are 。
例：I am a boy. →Are you a boy?4、当句子中没有am ,is ,are ，will ,can时，需do , does帮忙⑴当句子人称是I , we, you , they等第一、第二人称或为复数名词（Birds）时，句子前加Do，句号变问号。
例：I know that man. →Do you know that man?⑵当句子人称是she, he, it等第三人称或为单数名词（a chair）时，句子前加Does，动词变成原形（has →have）,句号变问号。
例：Lucy runs fast. →Does Lucy run fast?He has apen. →Does he have a pen?二、特殊疑问句(Special Interrogative Sentence)1、特殊疑问词：What（什么）,Who（谁）What对thing提问（thing指职业、不明白的事或物）, Who对person提问（person指人）。
结构：特殊疑问词＋一般疑问句＋？例：He is a doctor.用What代替a doctor, is提前到he前→What is he?This is a chair. →What is this?That woman is my mother. →Who is that woman?2、划线部分是地点（place）：→用Where提问。
初中英语语法【grammar】
Grammar:6A-8BA:1.average (adj.):(found by making an average) 平均的average (n.) 平均数2.alive (adj.) (having life; not dead) 活着,在世living (adj.) 活的[比较]alive与living两者都有"活着的"意思.通常情况下alive作表语(be alive),而living + n.3.amount (n.) (a quantity) 数量,数额an amount of一定数量的a large amount of +不可数名词大量的a large/huge amount of+[u]n. 约等于mucha large/great number of +可数名词大量的约等于many4.agree (v.) 同意agree with somebody 同意某人的观点agree to do something 同意做某事agree on 一致同意[反义词] disagree 不同意5.adult (v.) (a fully-grown person) 成年人[近义]grown-up (n.) 大人,成人[拓展]adult (adj.) (fully grown or developed) 成年的,发育成熟的6.abroad (adv.) (in or to another country) 在国外,到国外go abroad 去国外go aboard 上车,上船7.attraction (n.) (s.t, that people like and feel interested in) 有吸引力的事或物可数名词attract (v.) 吸引attractive (adj.) 有吸引力的8.agricultural (adj.) (connected with farming) 农业的agriculture (n.) 农业9.attention (n.) (notice, thought or interest) 注意力draw/attract one's attention 吸引,引起某人的注意Attention, please! 请注意!pay attention to something = listen carefully注意......10.alone (adv.) (without anyone else) 独自alone (adj.) 独自一人的lonely (adj.)孤独的;寂寞的注意:形容词alone只能在be动词后作表语,而lonely既可作表语又可作定语修饰名词.11.accept (v.) (to take or receive something) 接受,收受acceptable (adj.)可接受的12.air conditioner (n.) 空调air conditioned (adj.) 有空调的13.alarm (n.) 警报器fire alarm 火警警报器14.author (n.) 作者[近义]writer (n.) 作家,作者15.a bit (to a small degree; somewhat) 有点.一点可修饰比较级,形容词,动词等等. = a little16.at once 立刻,马上[注意]表示"立刻,马上"的词或词组还有:immediately, right now, in no time，without delay.17.as well as = and … as well 也,还E.g. Mr Hu (as well as his student) is preparing for the festival.插入语就近原则The students as well as their teacher are preparing for the festival.18.asleep (adj.) (只能做表语)睡着的be asleep =fall asleep = go to sleep feel sleepy 昏睡的go to bed 上床睡觉(发生在sleep前)19.ambition (n.) 追求目标的，雄心，理想，志向ambitious (adj.) 有雄心的，野心勃勃的one’s ambition is to be / to do20.architect (n.) 建筑师architecture (n.) 建筑（不可数）21.all not … at all （强调否定）根本不22.achieve (v.) 实现，得到= getachievement (n.) 成就，功绩23.assist (v.) 帮助，协助，援助=helpassistant (n.) 助手24.attend (v.) 出席，参加(会议) =go to25.afraid (adj.) 害怕be afraid of something / doing something=be frightened of =be hurt26.aboard (adv.) 上船（或飞机，火车等）hurry aboard 匆忙上船= go aboard = go aboard in a hurry [注意] aboard与abroad 拼写相近，但发音，意思不同。
英语语法知识大全grammar
一. Tense (1. 时间状语; 2. 动词)1.一般现在时:1) 和时间无关;The sun rise s in the east and set s in the west.2) 在时间和条件状语中，用一般现在时代替将来时。
“主将从现”I’ll ring you as soon as/if he come s back.2.现在进行时:1) 表示厌恶、感激等强烈的感情。
She is always cooking some delicious food for us.He is always finding fault with his employees.3.一般过去时1) 和表示过去的时间状语连用, 如: yesterday, last week, in 1993, at that time, before---, a few days ago, when…等He smok ed forty cigarettes a day at that time.2) used to do, be used to doing, be used to do sthHe used to work fourteen hours a day.I am used to getting up early in the morning.The pen is used to draw the picture.4.现在完成时(Present Perfect )现在完成时的时间状语1)不确定的过去时间状语：（already, yet）, before, recently, lately2)频率时间状语：often, sometimes, never, ever, once, twice, three times3)包括现在时间在内时间状语：now, just, today, this morning(week, month)，until(up to) now, so far, in the past(last) two days(weeks, months),all day, for three years, since 19905.过去完成时(Past Perfect)1) 过去的过去They fulfill ed the plan earlier than they had expected.2) 过去完成时常和“by the end (time) of + 过去时间”连用3) hardly/scarcely ... when... 和no sooner ....than常用过去完成时=as soon asI had hardly reached the school when the bell rang.No sooner had I reached the school than the bell rang.6. 将来完成时将来完成时常和“by the end(time) of + 将来时间”连用。
English Grammar (英语语法)
• 3. Tidings (has, have) come that
the British warship was sunk.
答案及分析 答案has和have都可以。tidings既可作复 数也可作单数，前后需保持主谓一致，所 以谓语动词has和have都可以。
• 4. Your suspenders (is, are) not
（剪子）, shorts（短裤）, suspenders
（吊裤带）, trousers, sugar-tongs（方
糖夹子）。
• 单位词的单、复数形式决定动词的单、
复数形式。
• 例如：One pair of scissors isn’t
enough.
•
Two pairs of pliers, one large
• 例如：Ham and eggs is a good breakfast.
•
由and / both…and连接的并列主语形似单 数，意义为复数，谓语动词用复数。
• 例如：Good and bad taste are inculcated by example. • What I say and think are no business of yours.
economics（经济意义）。
• 3）以-s结尾的地理名称
• 作单数的地理名称：the United States，the
Netherlands，the Nations。
• 作复数的地理名称：the West Indies
（ 西印度群岛），the Bahamas（巴哈
马群岛），the Himalayas（喜马拉雅山
English Grammar
第二讲 主谓一致（一）
高考英语语法：Grammar句子成分
B. make, get, have, help, leave 等表示“致 使”意义的动词 What made them so frightened? C. like, want, wish, order 等表示“希望、 要求”等意义的动词 He won’t like such questions discussed at the meeting. 他不想让这样的问题在会上讨论。
完成句子。 1. _______ Polluted (污染的)air and water are harmful to people’s health. 2. The problem discussed ____________________ at the meeting (在会议上讨论的) yesterday was very difficult to solve.
⑵ 现在分词与过去分词的区别: ① 定语中 现在分词作定语常表示“动作正在 进行”,此时或当时的状态等;过去分词 则常表示“动作发生在谓语动词的动作 前”等;被修饰的名词一般是现在分词 的逻辑主语,是过去分词的逻辑宾语。
如: I know the man standing there.
我认识站在那儿的那个人。 Is there anything planned for tonight? 今晚有什么活动吗？
D. having exhausted
12. You can make yourself ___ in
English pretty well if you keep on
speaking the language.
A. understand B. understanding C. to understand D. understood
英语语法体系(English Grammar)
导论：英语语法体系（English Grammar）英语语法课程体系基本概念1．词性 2. 语法层次 3. 词类的功能（常规/非常规）4. 分句成分（常规/非常规）4. 词类与成分对应关系 5. 基本句型英语句子常态结构一、句内关系模块1. 支配关系（动词概述）2. 一致关系二、非限定动词模块3. 动名词4. 动词不定式5. 分词三、从句模块6. 名词性从句7. 状语从句8. 定语从句四、限定动词模块9. 动词的时与体10. 将来时间表示法11. 虚拟语气12. 情态助动词五、名词模块13. 名词及其属格14. 限定词六、修饰语模块15. 形容词16. 副词17. 介词七、英汉对比模块18. 英汉句型比较19. 英汉句子结构比较20. 英汉词汇搭配、词义对比21. 英汉表达法比较22. 英汉连贯与衔接对比英语句子的非常态结构1.（反意疑问句）2. It 句型与There be 句型3.强调句4. 倒装5.分隔（前置与后置）6. 省略7.替代综合练习1.句型判断2. 联句3.语法手段判断4. 长难句结构分析Language possess grammatical systems not, as some learners might be inclined to think, simply to make the learning of the language more difficult, but to express meanings. The grammatical devices of a language are not to be learned as an end in themselves. It is the capacity to express meaning that is the end. The grammatical system provides the necessary means.第一讲语法的内容总论英语的基本结构单位有词和句两个，因而词的构造规则和句的构造规则就成为英语语法的基本内容，分别由词法和句法去研究。
基础英语语法english grammar
第一章词类词是语言中能表达一定意义且能自由运用的最小语言单位。
词可以表示人或事物的名称, 描述人或事物的行为、动作或状态。
它们有自己的功能特征,共同构成了词类。
一、词类概述根据语法功能, 词可分为十大类：名词、冠词、代词、数词、形容词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词和动词。
根据意义, 词可分为实词和虚词。
实词指具有实际意义并能单独构成句子成分的词,包括名词、数词、代词、形容词、副词和动词六类;虚词指没有实际意义或实际意义不明显, 不能单独构成句子成分的词, 包括冠词、介词、连词和感叹词四类。
二、特殊词类英语中有四种比较特殊的词类：短语动词、短语介词、短语连词和从属关联词。
其中前三种为短语构成的词类,在实际运用中可分别把它们作为一个动词、一个介词或一个连词使用。
1、短语动词短语动词由“动词+介词”或“动词+副词”构成, 一般不再保留原动词的意义。
care for 关心; 照顾; 喜欢care about 在乎; 关心come up with 提出deal with 处理; 对付; 讲述get through 电话接通; 度过work out 计算出; 制定出; 结果是2、短语介词短语介词指由介词和其他词类构成的相当于一个介词的短语。
instead of 而不是in spite of 尽管thanks to 多亏了according to 根据because of 因为by the way 顺便……A little of every thing is nothing in the main.3、短语连词短语连词指由两个或两个以上的词构成的短语, 相当于一个连词。
as if/though 仿佛even if/though 即使是as/so long as 只要so that 以便; 如此……以致in order that 为了on condition that 只要for fear that 唯恐4、从属关联词从属关联词主要指引导从句的连接词。
Module5语法Grammar表示禁止的结构和if引导的条件状语从句九年级英语上册单元语法
班级姓名学号分数Module 5 Museums表示禁止的结构和if引导的条件状语从句（时间：60分钟，满分：100分）表示禁止的结构①No+动名词形式No smoking.禁止吸烟。
①No+名词No photos.请勿拍照。
①Don't+动词原形（＋其他）Don't be noisy.不要大声喧哗。
if引导的条件状语从句if作连词，意为“如果”，引导条件状语从句。
“从句＋祈使句”意为“如果，就”，常用在某种假设的情况下用于向对方提出建议。
此时，从句通常用一般现在时。
If you don't feel well,please go to see the doctor.你如果感觉不舒服，就请去看医生吧。
【联想拓展】unless也可以引导条件状语从句，意为“除非；如果不”，相当于if...not.Stay at home unless you have to go out.呆在家里，除非你必须出去。
一、单项选择(本大题共40小题，每小题分，共100分)1．Please move your car away, sir. This is “________” area.A．No smoking B．No parking C．No swimming D．No littering2．We didn’t go into the house because the sign said “________”.A．No entry B．No photos C．No shouting D．No good3．—________! We are having a lesson now.—I am sorry. I didn’t have breakfast this morning.A．Please no parking B．Please no eating C．Please no shouting4．—I think we can make our school a green school.—______ Every class collects waste which can be recycled and reused.A．No deal.B．No way!C．Nice idea!D．No good!5．Please ________ make any noise in the library. It will disturb others.A．don’t B．not to C．not D．won’t6．—Luke, ________ cross the road until the traffic lights turn green.—OK. Don’t worry, Dad. I never break traffic rules.A．not B．can’t C．don’t7．________ on the grass, or it will “cry”.A．To walk B．Not to walk C．Walking D．Don’t walk 8．Tommy, ________ play basketball in the street next time. You may get hit by a car.A．do B．don’t C．doesn’t D．mustn’t 9．________ smoke here, Dad. Smoking is not allowed in public places.A．Don’t B．Don’t be C．Not to be D．Be not 10．—Jim, ________ read in the sun. It’s bad for your eyes.—OK, thank you.A．don’t B．doesn’t C．won’t D．can’t 11．— Mike, ________ wake up your mother. She just fell asleep.— OK, dad.A．don’t B．doesn’t C．not to12．Look at the sign. It says, “No ________.”A．touch B．touching C．to touch D．touched 13．—Luke, ________ cross the road until the traffic lights turn green.—OK. Don’t worry, Mom. I never break traffic rules.A．not B．can’t C．won’t D．don’t 14．—Peter, you know the rules. ________ eat in class!—Sorry, I won’t do that again.A．Didn’t B．Doesn’t C．Don’t15．—________ swim in this river. It’s quite deep.—Thanks for telling me.A．No B．Not C．Don’t D．Doesn’t 16．“No______ !” says the sign.A．smoke B．smoking C．smokes D．to smoke 17．—___________ noise in class, Mike! You must keep quiet.—Sorry, I won't do it again.A．Don't make B．Doesn't make C．Not make D．Isn't making 18．— Hey, Amy,_________in the classroom.—Oh, sorry, Ms. King.A．not eat B．don't eat C．not eating D．doesn't eat 19．Linda, _________ up late, or you will feel sleepy the next day.A．not stay B．don't stay C．stay D．staying20．_____ watch TV too much. It’s bad for your eyes.A．Not B．No C．Do D．Don’t21．_____ run in the street. There is too much traffic.A．No B．Not C．Don’t D．Can’tA．Not B．Don’t C．No D．Doesn’t23．—________ you e to Shanghai for a visit, please call me. I will show you around.—Thanks a lot.A．Although B．If C．Unless24．If wild animals can’t find enough food and clean water, they ________.A．die B．died C．will die D．were dying25．It is really dangerous _______ people run the red traffic light.A．if B．unless C．though D．until 26．Practice speaking every day ________ you want to improve your spoken English.A．if B．though C．until D．unless27．—Do you think we can get to the airport on time?—Yes, _________ the car doesn’t break down.A．though B．unless C．if D．until28．Please call me ________ you arrive at the station early.A．if B．but C．so29．According to the expert, this kind of medicine can harm your heart ________ you take it long.A．if B．unless C．until D．though30．We are supposed to take the rest of the food home ________ we can’t finish what we order.A．if B．so C．unless D．until31．You can go to the zoo ________ you like to watch the animals.A．and B．if C．when D．after32．You can watch TV for a while ________ you have finished your homework.A．before B．until C．if D．though33．You need to practise speaking every day ________ you want to improve your spoken English.A．that B．so C．and D．if34．You need to practise speaking every day________ you hope to improve your spoken English.A．if B．although C．unless D．because35．You can’t cross the street ________ the lights are red.A．if B．or C．but D．and36．________ shout at your parents. It’s impolite(不礼貌的) of you to do that.A．Don’t B．Can’t C．Mustn’t D．Not37．____________ too much puter games! It’s bad for your eyes.A．Don’t play B．Play C．Not playing D．Playing 38．Don’t ________ your time. You can’t get it back any more.A．waste B．wasteful C．wastefully D．wasting 39．—Kitty, ________ late for school again.—Sorry, I won’t.A．isn’t B．doesn’t be C．don’t be D．not be40．________ climb the mountains (山).A．Not B．Don’t C．Not do D．No参考答案：1．B【详解】句意：先生，请把您的车开走。
高中英语语法 grammar
Grammar 1 -5. Observation
1. To have been caught in a sandstorm is a terrible experience. 2. The room was said to have been cleaned. to + have been + 过去分词；不定式完成式所表示 的动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生且与主语 是被动关系。
1. To be cycling in a sandstorm is frightening. 2. They pretended to be working hard when their boss passed them. to be + 动词ing；不定式进行式表示动作正在 进行，与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生。
Grammar 1 -4. Observation
1. I’m the only person in my family to have been in a sandstorm. 2. He is not likely to have got my letter. to have + 动词的过去分词,表示不定式完 成式动作发生在谓语动作之前
Grammar 1 - 2. Observation
1. There was nothing to be done. 2. I’d like to be told what’s going on. 3. Nothing is allowed to be taken out of the reading room. to be +动词的过去分词表示被动。不定式一般 式所表示的动作通常与谓语所表示的动作或状态 同时发生，或在它之后发生。
语法单词grammar
语法单词grammar：
grammar，英语单词，主要用作名词，作名词时译为“语法，文法；（人的）语言知识及运用能力；语法书；语法理论，语法学；（某门类知识和技能的）基本原理；<英，非正式>中学；（计算机）文法”。
复数形式是grammars。
常见短语搭配：1、english grammar英语语法：英语中用于构建句子和表达意义的规则和结构。
2、grammar and vocabulary语法和词汇：语言学习中的两个重要方面，语法是指语言的结构和规则，词汇是指语言中的单词和短语。
3、generative grammar生成语法：一种以一组规则的形式描述一种语言的语法句子的方法，也称为转换语法。
4、grammar school中学：一所强调拉丁语和希腊语，为上大学做准备的中学。
英国大学预科学校。
小学：一所介于小学和高中之间的学校，也可以指小学。
5、universal grammar普遍语法：一种研究普遍原则的学科，这些原则被认为是所有语言的语法现象的基础，同时也被视为人类天生学习语言的能力的一部分。
例句：
1、He elucidated a point of grammar.
他解释了一个语法要点。
2、He has a good grasp of German grammar.
他德语语法掌握得很好。
3、She was marked down because of poor grammar.
她因语法不好被扣了分。
英语语法体系(English Grammar)
导论：英语语法体系（English Grammar）英语语法课程体系基本概念1．词性 2. 语法层次 3. 词类的功能（常规/非常规）4. 分句成分（常规/非常规）4. 词类与成分对应关系 5. 基本句型英语句子常态结构一、句内关系模块1. 支配关系（动词概述）2. 一致关系二、非限定动词模块3. 动名词4. 动词不定式5. 分词三、从句模块6. 名词性从句7. 状语从句8. 定语从句四、限定动词模块9. 动词的时与体10. 将来时间表示法11. 虚拟语气12. 情态助动词五、名词模块13. 名词及其属格14. 限定词六、修饰语模块15. 形容词16. 副词17. 介词七、英汉对比模块18. 英汉句型比较19. 英汉句子结构比较20. 英汉词汇搭配、词义对比21. 英汉表达法比较22. 英汉连贯与衔接对比英语句子的非常态结构1.（反意疑问句）2. It 句型与There be 句型3.强调句4. 倒装5.分隔（前置与后置）6. 省略7.替代综合练习1.句型判断2. 联句3.语法手段判断4. 长难句结构分析Language possess grammatical systems not, as some learners might be inclined to think, simply to make the learning of the language more difficult, but to express meanings. The grammatical devices of a language are not to be learned as an end in themselves. It is the capacity to express meaning that is the end. The grammatical system provides the necessary means.第一讲语法的内容总论英语的基本结构单位有词和句两个，因而词的构造规则和句的构造规则就成为英语语法的基本内容，分别由词法和句法去研究。
英语语法grammar
英语语法grammar指的是英语的语法规则，包括词法、句法和语义等方面的规则。
语法是语言使用的基础，是掌握英语语言的关键之一。
在英语中，语法包括词的变形、句子结构、句子成分和时态等方面。
语法规则是语言使用的基础，能够帮助人们正确地表达自己的想法和意思。
同时，语法也是语言学习的难点之一，需要不断的练习和巩固。
学习英语语法需要掌握基本的词法、句法和时态等方面的规则，同时还需要通过大量的阅读、写作和口语练习来巩固和提高自己的语法能力。
在语法学习中，要注意不要机械地记忆规则，而应该通过理解规则和运用规则来掌握语法。
总之，英语语法是掌握英语语言的基础之一，对于提高英语水平非常重要。
通过不断地学习和练习，可以掌握英语语法的基本规则，正确地使用英语进行交流和表达。
英语简明语法手册：Grammar：比较级和时态
Grammar 3 :比较级和时态(1）1．比较级（degrees of comparison）形容词和副词有三种程度的比较：原级（positive）:tall，fast，beautiful比较级（comparative）：taller，faster，more beautiful最高级(superlative）：tallest，fastest，most beautiful单音节的形容词和副词各加—er，—est；两个或以上的加more，most1）不规则的比较级：good/well：better，bestmany/much:more，mostbad：worse，worstlittle：less，leastfar：farther，farthestfurther，furthestold：older，oldestelder，eldest2）其他形式的比较e．g．This poem is a little more difficult than that one.I think you are a lot more interesting than your sister.Lucy has made much greater progress this year than before. 3）不同类型的状语可以放在比较级和最高级前，或者在as修饰的原级之前e．g．Lily is three years older than Helen。
He is by far the fastest runner in the team。
You are not half as intelligent as your brother。
After we adopt the new method, there are only one-third as many mistakes as before.The newly-built power station costs 70 per cent less than the one built ten years ago。
Unit3单元语法Grammar特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句九年级英语全一册单元语法(人教版)
班级姓名学号分数Unit 3 Could you please tell me where the restrooms are?特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句（时间：60分钟，满分：120分）1.特殊疑问词有what, when, where, how, which, whom, who, whose。
这些词语充当宾语从句的引导词的同时，在宾语从句中也有自己的实际含义和作用。
2.特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句的语序和if/whether引导的语序是一样的，都是陈述语序。
3.特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句的时态规则和if/whether引导的时态规则是一样的。
主句一般现在，从句不定；主句过去时态，从句过去某一时态；从句客观真理，从句时态一般现在时。
一、单项选择(本大题共60小题，每小题2分，共120分)1．（2024·海南海口·一模）—I didn’t pay attention to ________ just now.—Oh, but you should. His words are helpful to us.A．when Mr. Miller said B．what Mr. Miller said C．what did Mr. Miller say2．（2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·三模）—My Australian friend doubted in his latest email ________.—Ice and Snow World, its delicious food and kind people.A．why did many people have a trip to HarbinB．how Harbin bees popular in ChinaC．what many people travelled to Harbin for3．（2024·江苏无锡·三模）— A personality test called MBTI is now very popular. I really wonder ________.— It can help you know more about yourself as well as guide your education and job choices.A．why does the test bee so popular B．if you are an ‘I’ person or an ‘E’ personC．that many people find the test helpful D．what the personality test is often used for4．（2024·江苏常州·一模）— Could you tell me ________?— Sure. It’s about Mencius’ mother moved her house three times for her son’s education.A．what this book is mainly about B．whom this book was written byC．when this book was finished D．where was this book published5．（2324九年级下·湖北武汉·期中）The famous song “We sing high praise of our homeland, that is to be thriving (繁荣) and strong” tells us ________.A．how we should praise our country B．who praises our countryC．what we wish our country to be like D．what we thought our country was like6．（2024·广西南宁·二模）—Lingling, could you tell me ________ during the May Day holiday this year?—Sure. We did the volunteer work in the munity.A．what you did B．where you visited C．when you worked7．（2024·山东青岛·二模）—I wonder ________, Jack.—I am making a gift for my dad. Father’s Day is around the corner.A．what you are doing B．when you are leavingC．where you are going D．who you are talking to8．（2024·江苏无锡·二模）—We aren’t interested in ________. What matters most is how you will behave from now on.—Got it.A．what you are used to liking B．what you used to be likeC．what are you used to being like D．what did you use to be like9．（2024·江苏无锡·二模）Everyone has gains, but it depends on ________ you will do for your dream.A．how B．what C．which D．why10．（2024·内蒙古呼伦贝尔·二模）Shenzhou18 was lifted off successfully! Could you tell me ________?A．in which center it will be lifted offB．who entered China Space Station this timeC．what will it mean to the development of ChinaD．that three astronauts entered China Space Station11．（2024·四川泸州·一模）—I wonder ________.—Someone who can make me a better person.A．how you often meet your friends B．how do you make your friends happyC．who you want to make friends with D．who do you spend weekends with12．（2024·山东菏泽·二模）—Our graduation party will be on June 8th.—That’s wonderful! Could you tell me ________?A．if all of our teachers joined usB．where will it be heldC．who will give the performances13．（2024·江苏无锡·一模）—Mum, could you tell me ________?—Someone who can make you a better person.A．what makes good friends B．what were true friends likeC．who should I ask for help D．who I should make friends with14．（2024·海南省直辖县级单位·一模）—As a teenager, do you know ________ when you are in trouble?—Yes. I can ask my parents, teachers or any other adult I trust.A．who you can ask for help B．when you can ask for help C．how you can ask for help15．（2024·江苏南京·一模）This famous saying “When I walk along with two others, they may serve me as my teachers. ” tells us ________.A．how should we behave B．who we can learn fromC．why do we need teachers D．what we can say in public16．（2324九年级下·云南昭通·阶段练习）— Jack, do you know ________?—Yes, he is my classmate Huang Lei.A．who the boy in blue is B．who is the boy in blueC．what is the boy like D．what the boy is like17．（2024·江苏无锡·一模）“When I walk along with two others, they may serve me as my teachers.” tells us ________.A．who can we learn from B．who we can learn fromC．how should we treat others D．how we should treat others18．（2024九年级·全国·专题练习）—I wonder ________.—Someone who can make me a better person.A．when you often meet your friends B．how you make your friends happyC．who you want to make friends with D．where you spend the weekend with your friends 19．（2024·江苏无锡·一模）It’s not your talents but your efforts that decide ________ you are, guys.A．how B．who C．which D．when20．（2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·一模）—Sara, could you tell us ?—My teachers. They are always there and bring out the best in me.A．who do you admire most at schoolB．how you improve your spoken EnglishC．who helped you most in junior high21．（2324九年级上·黑龙江哈尔滨·期中）—Do you know ________ in the 19th Asian Games in Hang Zhou?—Sure. China. We are also the top in total gold medals. I am so proud of my great country.A．where got the most medalsB．which country got the most medalsC．which country the most gold medals got22．（2023·湖北武汉·模拟预测）—Excuse me, could you tell me _________?—Sorry, I am new here.A．where is the railway station B．how can I get to the railway stationC．where the railway station was D．which bus I shall take to the railway station 23．（2023·江苏扬州·二模）I found a hat, but I didn’t know ________.A．who it was B．who was it C．whose it was D．whose was it24．（2223九年级上·湖北武汉·期中）Eat ________ cake you like and leave the other for ________ es late.A．any; who B．whichever, who C．whatever; whoever D．either: whoever 25．（2024·江苏南通·一模）—Caroline, could you tell me ________?—Er, next Friday.A．when will School Art Festival take place B．when School Art Festival will take place C．where School Art Festival will take place D．where will School Art Festival take place 26．（2024·黑龙江绥化·二模）—Excuse me, do you know ________?—Next Friday.A．when will the doctor e backB．when the doctor will e backC．how will the doctor e back27．（2024·甘肃定西·二模）—Could you please tell me ________?—About twenty minutes ago.A．when you saw this kid B．where you saw this kidC．when did you see this kid D．where did you see this kid 28．（2024·江苏宿迁·二模）—Sally, could you tell me ________?—Next Friday.A．where we will a schoolleavers’ partyB．where will we have a schoolleavers’ partyC．when we will have a schoolleavers’ partyD．when will we have a schoolleavers’ party29．（2024·广西梧州·二模）—I’m doing a survey. Could you tell me ________? —Sure. I usually go to work at 7: 00 a.m.A．where you go to workB．how you go to workC．when you go to work30．（2024·山东青岛·二模）—Do you know _____?—I don’t remember the exact date. But it’s really convenient for us.A．why Qingdao Metro Line 6 ran B．where Qingdao Metro Line 6 ranC．how Qingdao Metro Line 6 ran D．when Qingdao Metro Line 6 ran 31．（2024·安徽黄山·二模）—Can you tell me ________?—Sure. About two years ago.A．how long did the new building build B．how long the new building was builtC．when did the new building build D．when the new building was built32．（2024·广东汕头·一模）—Could you tell me ________?—At the beginning of July.A．how can I get to the bank B．how soon he will be thereC．when you will start your vacation D．how long he has been back33．（2024·天津红桥·二模）—Do yow know __________ the Dragon Boat Festival is this year? —Sorry, I don’t know the exact date.A．what B．why C．when D．where34．（2024·天津南开·二模）—I don’t know _________.—Maybe tomorrow.A．when he is leaving B．why is he leavingC．when he was leaving D．what time is he leaving35．（2024·北京昌平·二模）— Wow! You’ve got the book Wonder. Could you please tell me ________?— In the book shop near our school.A．when you bought it B．when did you buy itC．where you bought it D．where did you buy it36．（2024·吉林长春·一模）—Excuse me, Miss Hu, could you please tell me ________?—At the school hall.A．when the talent show begins B．when does the talent show beginC．where will we have the talent show D．where we will have the talent show37．（2024·江苏扬州·二模）—I want to know ________.—Maybe Dongguanjie is a good place to go.A．why I can buy some tasty Yangzhou snacksB．how can I buy some tasty Yangzhou snacksC．when can I buy some tasty Yangzhou snacksD．where I can buy some tasty Yangzhou snacks38．（2024·四川成都·二模）The policeman asked the child ________ so that he could take him home.A．what he liked B．where he lived C．why he was here39．（2024·广西玉林·一模）—Aunt Li, the Dragon Boat Festival is ing. Could you please tell me _________?—Sure! You can buy some in RT Mart Supermarket. It’s not far from here.A．when you make zongziB．where I can buy some zongziC．who likes eating zongzi40．（2024·福建漳州·二模）—Tom, do you know ________?—In Italy.A．when the 2026 Winter Olympics will be heldB．how the 2026 Winter Olympics will be heldC．where the 2026 Winter Olympics will be held41．（2024·云南玉溪·二模）—How beautiful your skirt is! Could you please tell me ________?—Thanks. I bought it at an online store.A．where you bought it B．when you bought itC．where did you buy it D．when did you buy it42．（2024·四川泸州·二模）— I’d like to visit Kate tomorrow. Do you know ________?— Sorry, I don’t know her address, either.A．why she lives there B．why does she live thereC．where does she live D．where she lives43．（2024·山东青岛·一模）—Excuse me, could you tell me ________?—There’s a post office on the second floor. You can make it there.A．when I can mail a letter B．how I can mail a letterC．where I can mail a letter D．how long I can mail a letter44．（2024·云南昆明·二模）—Excuse me, could you please tell me ________?—In Paris, France.A．where will the 33rd Olympic Games be held B．when will the 33rd Olympic Games be held C．where the 33rd Olympic Games will be held D．when the 33rd Olympic Games will be held 45．（2024·河北保定·二模）Jack won the writing petition last Friday. But do you know ______?A．who won the petition B．how Jack could write so wellC．what petition Jack won D．when the petition was46．（2024·安徽合肥·二模）—I wonder ________ we can call on more people to protect the environment.—Making a video can be helpful.A．why B．how C．where D．when47．（2024·福建厦门·二模）—Could you tell me ________?—By practicing day by day.A．where sports stars did so wellB．how sports stars did so wellC．when sports stars did so well48．（2024·吉林长春·一模）—Have you decided __________ in the poor area?—By sending books and school things.A．how will you help the childrenB．how you will help the childrenC．what did you do for the childrenD．what you did for the children49．（2024·北京丰台·二模）—Can you tell me ________?—Yes. He went there by train yesterday.A．when Mark goes to Chengdu B．when does Mark go to ChengduC．how Mark went to Chengdu D．how did Mark go to Chengdu50．（2024·吉林长春·二模）—Peter, what are you doing?—I’m writing to my pen pal in the US. He wonders .A．what kind of food do we eat during the Spring FestivalB．why did ancient Chinese build the Great WallC．how tea was invented by accident in historyD．that so many people are interested in Beijing Opera51．（2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·模拟预测）The idiom (成语) “Taking history as a mirror, I can understand the rise and fall of a nation” tells us that ________.A．why is history interestingB．what is important in the historyC．how important history is52．（2024·吉林白山·二模）—Could you tell me ________ Bob has stayed in China?—For two weeks.A．how soon B．how far C．how long53．（2024·云南昆明·二模）—Tony, could you tell me ________?—By reading English aloud every morning.A．how can I improve my spoken English B．how I can improve my spoken EnglishC．when can I improve my spoken English D．when I can improve my spoken English 54．（2024·江苏宿迁·二模）—Andy, is there anything else you want to know about China?—Yes, I’m still wondering ________A．how is the Chinese paper cut madeB．why the Chinese people eat rice dumplings at the Dragon Boat FestivalC．that the Chinese people like to play the dragon danceD．who the Great Wall was built in ancient times55．（2024·山东菏泽·二模）—The light in his room is still on. Do you know ________?—To prepare for the final exam.A．if he works hard B．when he stops working C．why he keeps working 56．（2024·山东滨州·二模）—Your teacher has set up a WeChat group. Could you tell me ________?—It is more convenient to municate with our parents.A．why he set it up B．why did he set it upC．when it was set up D．how was it set up57．（2024·湖北武汉·三模）“Clear waters and green mountains are as important as gold and silver” reminds us ________.A．where should we go on vacation B．why we should respect natureC．how can we protect the environment D．what we can do to make more money58．（2024·天津河北·二模）—Do you know ________?—Because they listened to the song China in the lights. They take pride in our country.A．what did the students listen to B．what the students listened toC．why did the students feel so moved D．why the students felt so moved59．（2024·云南楚雄·二模）—Claire, can you tell me ________?—I’m not sure about that. Maybe he always smiles at everyone and says “hello” when he meets people.A．how Jack became so popular in your class B．why Jack is so popular in your classC．if Jack is popular in your class D．when Jack has been so popular in your class 60．（2024·安徽合肥·二模）—I wonder ______ you always give away your clothes to the munity.—I hope they can e to the poor area where people need them.A．how long B．when C．why D．whether参考答案：1．B【详解】句意：——我没有注意米勒先生刚才说了什么。
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现在present ①be:am/is/are ②have (possess, have/has own): ③do (notional verb):do/does ④modal verb: can/may/must/ ought to/need/ dare + do
将来future ①be: will be ②have (possess, own):will have ③do (notional verb): will do ④modal verb: shall/will +do
– S-subject主语，V-verb动词，P-predicative表语，O-object宾语， A-adverbial状语， C-complement补语 – 之所以未用P-predicate谓语代替V-verb动词，一方面是避免谓语P 与表语P混淆，另一方面SVP不能变成SPP
• 并列句是基本句型的组合。并列连词用来连接地位并列的内容作 为句子的同一成分（并列成分）或连接两个及以上独立的句子， 各个句子保持原有基本句型组合（并列句）。 • 复合句是基本句型的组合、变化。关系代词、关系副词、从属连 词置于一个独立句子前，将其降格为一个成分，用于作主语叫做 主语从句，作宾语叫宾语从句，做表语叫表语从句，做同位语叫 同位语从句，做定语叫定语从句，做状语叫状语从句。 （复 合句。非常重要，从句学习点透关键，一次搞定。回归基本句型， 阅读和写作不再有难句 ） • 定语是基本句型的扩展。主语S、宾语O、名词性表语P前/后可 加定语attributive或定语从句attributive clause。 • 被动语态是带宾语的基本句型的变化。 • 倒装句、省略句也是基本句型的变化。
verb):
现在present ①be:am/is/are ②have (possess, have/has own): ③do (notional verb):do/does ④modal verb: can/may/must/ ought to/need/ dare + do
将来future ①be: will be ②have (possess, own):will have ③do (notional verb): will do ④modal verb: shall/will +do
但在某种情况下，不加状语便不能表达完整的意思，这就引出了下 列句型：
△
主语 + 谓语 + 状语：
The meeting lasted for two hours. We walked for five miles. This box weighs five kilos. He lives in Guangzhou. They will be flying to London. They arrived in Harbin yesterday morning. The earth turns around the sun. The sun rises in the east, and sets in the west.
simple / general
完 ①be: / 成 ②have (possess, 进 own): / 行 ③do (notional verb):
perfect continuous
①be: / ①be: / ②have (possess, ②have (possess, own): / own): / ③do (notional ③do (notional
•Anyone that wants to succeed must work hard．
•There’s no one works harder than you. 没有比你更 用功的人了。(no one后省去了who)
4、SVA中状语用从句 The game had hardly/scarcely/barely begun when it started raining. It will warm up a little bit on Sunday as the cold front passes. When the teacher paraphrased the text in English, the students listened attentively and took notes.
பைடு நூலகம்
simple / general perfect
完 ①be: / 成 ②have (possess, own): / ③do (notional verb): would have done ④modal verb: /
①be: / ①be: / ②have (possess, ②have (possess, own): / own): / ③do (notional ③do (notional
将来future
①be: will be ②have (possess, own):will have ③do (notional verb): will do ④modal verb: shall/will +do
simple / general
时态推导
过去将来past future 一 ①be: would be 般 ②have (possess, own): would have ③do (notional verb): would do ④modal verb: should/would +do 过去past ①be: was/were ②have (possess, own): had ③do (notional verb): did ④modal verb: could/might/ needed/dared +do ①be: / ②have (possess, own): / ③do (notional
过去past
①be: was/were ②have (possess, own): had ③do (notional verb): did ④modal verb: could/might/ needed/dared +do
现在present
①be: am/is/are ②have (possess, own):have/has ③do (notional verb): do/does ④modal verb: can/may/ must/ought to/ need/dare + do
练习：请尝试基本句型变体 1、SV或SVA中的主语用从句 •Whether she’s coming or not doesn’t matter too much. •It is said that Mr. Green has arrived in Beijing. 据说格 林先生已经到了北京。 •It happened that I was out that day. 碰巧我那天外出 了。 •Does it matter much that they will not come tomorrow? 他们明天不来很要紧吗？ 2、SV或SVA中的主语增加定语 They lived in a house facing south.
基本句型1：SV主+谓 /SVA主+谓+状
主语通常是一个，但是也可以如例5有两个，甚至两个以上都可以 成立。谓语动词也是一个较为普通，但是也可以如例4，5有两个， 甚至更多也能成立。
这一句型英汉语言结构形式完全相同，说明 “某人或某物如何动作”，或者说“某人或 某物自身怎样运动”。 The telephone rang. His father might have died. We all breathe, drink and eat. 这种结构中的谓语动词是不及物动词，状语 并非结构上不可缺少的成分。
simple / general continuous
进 ①be: / 行 ②have (possess, own): / ③do (notional verb): would be doing ④modal verb: /
①be: / ①be: / ②have (possess, ②have (possess, own): / own): / ③do (notional ③do (notional
verb): verb):
had done ④modal verb: /
have/has done will have done ④modal verb: ④modal verb: / /
时态推导
过去将来past future 一 ①be: would be 般 ②have (possess, own): would have ③do (notional verb): would do ④modal verb: should/would +do 过去past ①be: was/were ②have (possess, own): had ③do (notional verb): did ④modal verb: could/might/ needed/dared +do ①be: / ②have (possess, own): / ③do (notional
English Grammar Intensive Training
Contents
1 2
3 4 5 6
时态推导 基本句型、连词与从句、语态 主谓一致 非谓语动词结构 强调句、倒装句、省略句 虚拟语气、多级修饰、平行结构等
时态推导
过去将来past future
一 ①be: would be 般 ②have (possess, own): would have ③do (notional verb): would do ④modal verb: should/would +do