雅思阅读强化班补充材料

雅思阅读讲义

1．关键词

（1）转折

But:

Computerised data storage and electronic mail were to have heralded the paperless office, but contrary to expectations, paper consumption throughout the world shows no sign of abating.

The risks of nuclear accidents may be tiny, but when they happen they can be catastrophic.

Yet:

The Aborigines made no use of Leptospermum or Dodonaea as food plants, yet the early settlers found that one could be used as a substitute for tea and the other for hops.

However:

Form the mid-1990s when the Green revolution began, Asian food production doubled through a combination of high-yielding crops, expanded farming area and greater intensification .However, a mysterious threat is emerging in the noticeably declining yields of rice.

In fact

Quite a few candidates are disturbed by the rumour that IELTS is going through big changes .In fact ,it appears nothing ever happened.

whereas

Whereas her country has plenty of oil, ours has none.

On the other hand:

Some people think that changes can be exciting, thrilling and adventuresome .On the other hand ,changes can also bring about life-threatening disasters.

Etc.

(2)让步

Although:

Although the world regards Asia as the focus of an economic and industrial miracle, without adequate supplies of food, chaos could easily result.

While:

While ducks offer many advantages over hens, they must be given greater quantity of food.

While much work has been done on the development of power sources for water pumping, for many people in rural Africa the use of human energy is only option.

Albeit:

For many previously inexperienced young women, the opportunity to gain financial independence, albeit limited and possibly temporary, has helped break down some of the taboos of their societies.

Despite:

Despite the great progress made in the recent decades, the achievement of the goal of clean water for all is still along way off.

Etc.

(3)并列

A and B

The modern city consists of monstrous edifices and of narrow, dark streets full of petrol fumes and toxic gases, torn by the taxicabs and buses, and thronged ceaselessly by great crowds.

A---, B---, and C---

Selecting the right person for the job involves more than identifying the essential or desirable skills ,educational

and professional qualifications necessary to perform the job and then recruiting the candidate who is most likely to possess these skills or at least is perceives to have the ability and predisposition to acquire them.

A rather than B

Many people stay at jobs they are too old for rather than meet possible rejection.

Etc.

(4)递进

Furthermore, moreover, besides, in addition, etc.:

The advantages of concrete include low capital cost and durability .Furthermore, concrete barriers can be engineered for a variety of site conditions.

In addition to normal banking and financial services, credit unions usually provide special services for international students.

(5)过程，顺序

First, then, next, later on, finally:

I really feel sorry for my friend Jack .First he lost his job .Then somebody stole his car .Latter on his girlfriend left him .like they say it never rains, but it pours.

Firstly ,secondly, thirdly,…

In the first place ,in the second place ,…

Then, once, before, after, as soon as, until, etc.

(6)特殊的关键词（人名、地名、时间、数字和生词）是最好的定位标志，以A-----A 的形式重现。（7）比较

as…as, like, similar ,parallel ,etc:

As a general rule, international students should expect to spend at least as mush on monthly living expenses during the summer as they do during the academic year.

Like his father President Bush is a republican.

Scribner and Cole regard classroom learning as parallel to learning in daily life.

More than, unlike, on the other hand, in contrast with, etc:

It is far easier for a camel to go through the eye of a needle than for a rich man to enter the kingdom of God. “The extra money that tourism bring in more than makes up for the inconvenience of its citizens,” retorted the president.

In contrast with your belief that we will fail, I am confident we will succeed.

Before/once…Now…

Between 11 and 15 million salmon once spawned in the Columbia river system. Now there are only 3 million. In place A…In place B…

Those Aborigines living in the dry inland areas were largely dependent for their vegetable for their vegetable foods on seed such as those of grasses, acacias and eucalypts. They ground these seeds between flat stones to make a coarse flour. Tribes on the coast, and particularly in the vicinity of coastal rainforests, had a more varied vegetable diet with a higher proportion of fruits and tubers.

(8)举例

For example, for instance, such as, like, etc.

A For example=:=---B

Paper is different from other waste produce because it comes from a sustainable resource: trees.

(9)精读各段的首句

（10）因果关系

大因果：