人教版英语必修五第五单元知识点

U5(BX5)

First aid Language points

1 Aid (v)帮助; 援助=help sb

帮助某人去做…. aid sb to do

在…事帮助某人aid sb in …

He aided me in business.

I aided her to continue her study.

At Christmas, many organizations aid the poor.

n /U/帮助; 援助

在某人的帮助下with the aid of

(

为了帮助… in aid of

Teachers give their lessons with the aid of computers. He raised money in aid of the sick.

知识拓展：

give/offer aid 援助

come to sb.'s aid 帮助某人

cut off aid （突然）终止援助

a hearing aid 助听器

teaching aids 教具

《

medical aid 医疗救护

2. temporary 暂时的，临时的

temporary relief from pain短暂的解痛

temporary work/ solution临时工作/解决办法

3. fall ill

fall+ adj.

ill

asleep

awake

；

sick

silent

His wife suddenly _______ ________ last week.

She has _______ ________ for a week.

fell ill

been ill

4 get+过去分词表被动或状态

The computer got damaged when we were moving. My bike is getting repaired now.

My glasses got broken while I was playing basketball. %

Peter and Mary got married last year.

get done

get injured受伤

get dressed穿衣服

get damaged遭到破坏

get changed 改变

get married结婚

get infected被感染

get broken被弄破

get lost迷失，走失

.

5 injure v. ______ n. ______ adj.

injury to sth. …（部位）的伤

He got ________________ at work. 他干活时腿受了重伤。(injury)

He __________ in the accident. 他在意外事故中受了伤。(injure)

injuries to the legs

got injured

injury

injured

hurt肉体，精神上的伤害（一般用语），疼痛

,

injure意外或事故而受伤

wound指外伤（刀、枪、剑伤）

wounded

injured

hurt

hurt

injured

He got _______ in the fighting.

He was badly _______ in a car accident.

Her words ________ me deeply.

}

I _____ my back when I fell.

My feet _______ .

6. bleed-blood-bloody

(v.) (n.) (adj.)

His nose was bleeding. = He was bleeding at the nose .= He has a bloodynose. 他在流鼻血。bleed for为…而流血, 悲痛

bleed to death出血过多而死

lose blood流血、失血

flesh and blood血肉之躯

~

7. choke vi. & vt. 窒息; 阻塞

She choked with emotion. 她激动得说不出话来。

The smoke almost choked me. 烟呛得我几乎喘不出气来。

At the bad news, he couldn't choke back his tear听到这则噩耗，他抑制不住自己的眼泪。 The man gave a few chokes and then got his breath.那个男人噎了几下才喘过气来。adj. 最重要的，不可缺少的，本质的

1)Sun and water are essential to the growth of crops.阳光和水是农作物生长不可缺的。

2)It is essential for us to set our study goal.我们有必要来设定我们的学习目标。

3)It is essential that you (should) win the voter's hearts.赢得选民的信任是至关重要的。-----当用it充当主语而用它充当表语时，that 从句的谓语动词用should +动词原形。，

9. Y ou have three layers of skin which act as a barrier against disease,…

act as 作为….

barrier 屏障,障碍物,隔阂

You should show the ticket at the barrier.

The language barrier

against 反对,阻止

which

act as

barrier

定从

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10poison n./vt. 毒药，毒害；毒害，使中毒

eg:1)Poisons must be put out of children's reach.毒药一定要放在孩子们够不到的地方。

2)This matter will make some poison to the crops.这种物质会对庄稼造成毒害。

3)Books of this kind can make poison to children.这类书会对儿童造成毒害。

4)Heroin has poisoned a lot of people.海洛因毒害了很多人。

5)The polluted water in the river poisoned people here.污染了的河水使这儿的人中毒。

-----poisonous adj. 有毒(害)的

eg: This medicine is poisonous if taken in large quantities.

…against/ from…保护…不受…的损害

prevent…from doing阻止．．．

Wear sunglasses to _________________________.

|

You need warm clothes______________________.

Nobody can _____________________________ (阻止他们结婚)．

protect your eyes from strong light

to protect you against cold

prevent them from getting married

It is my duty to ____ my students from being hurt when they are in danger. D

A. prevent

B. save

C. stop

D. protect

prevent sb. (from) doing

stop sb. (from) doing

keep sb. from doing

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