023.强调句、It的用法、省略和插入语

强调句、省略句、倒装句和插入语

一、强调句

（一）强调句句型

1、陈述句的强调句型：It is/ was + 被强调部分（通常是主语、宾语或状语）+ that/ who（当强调主语且主语指人）+ 其它部分。

e.g.1. It was how the young man had learned five foreign languages ___ attracted the audience’s

interest. (00上海春) A. so that B. that C. what D. in which

e.g.2. It was for this reason ____ her uncle moved out of New York and settled down in a small

village. (01上海春) A．which B．why C．that D．how

e.g.3. It is these poisonous products ____ can cause the symptoms of the flu, such a headache and

aching muscles. (03上海) A. who B. that C. how D. what

e.g.4.It was because of bad weather ____ the football match had to be put of

f. (03上海)

A. so

B. so that

C. why

D. that

e.g.5.I don’t mind her criticizi ng me, but is how she does it that I object to. （07江西）

A. it

B. that

C. this

D. which

2、一般疑问句的强调句型：同上，只是把is/ was提到it前面。

e.g. Was it yesterday that he met Li Ping?

3、特殊疑问句的强调句型：被强调部分（通常是疑问代词或疑问副词）+ is/ was + it + that/ who + 其它部分？

e.g.1. --- ______ that he managed to get the information?（05山东）

--- Oh, a friend of his helped him.

A. Where was it

B. What was it

C. How was it

D. Why was it

e.g.2.I just wonder ____ that makes him so excited. (06山东)

A. why it does

B. what he does

C. how it is

D. what it is

e.g.3.Why! I have nothing to confess. _______ you want me to say? (04上海)

A. What is it that

B. What it is that

C. How is it that

D. How it is that

4、注意：构成强调句的it本身没有词义；强调句中的连接词一般只用that, who，即使在强调时间状语和地点状语时也如此，that, who不可省略；强调句中的时态只用两种，一般现在时和一般过去时。原句谓语动词是一般过去时、过去完成时和过去进行时，用It was … ，其余的时态用It is … 。

（二）not … until … 句型的强调句

1、句型为：It is/ was not until + 被强调部分+ that + 其它部分

2、注意：此句型只用until，不用till。但如果不是强调句型，till, until可通用；因为句型中It is/ was not … 已经是否定句了，that后面的从句要用肯定句，切勿再用否定句了。

e.g. 1. It was not until midnight they reached the camp site. （08重庆）

A. that

B. when

C. while

D. as

e.g. 2. It _____ we had stayed together for a couple of weeks ____ I found we had a lot in

common. （07浙江）

A. was until; when

B. was until; that

C. wasn’t until; when

D. wasn’t until; that

（三）谓语动词的强调

1、It is/ was … that … 结构不能强调谓语，如果需要强调谓语时，用助动词do/ does或did。

e.g. Do sit down. 务必请坐。

He did write to you last week. 上周他确实给你写了信。

Do be careful when you cross the street. 过马路时，务必（千万）要小心啊！

2、注意：此种强调只用do/ does和did ，没有别的形式；过去时用did ，后面的谓语动词用原形。

二、省略

为了使讲话和行文简洁，句中某些成分有时可省略。省略可分以下几种情况：

（一）简单句中的省略

1、省略主语：祈使句中主语通常省略。其它省略主语多限于少数现成的说法。

e.g. (I) Thank you for your help.（括号内为省略的词语，下同）

(I) see you tomorrow. (It) Doesn’t matter.

2、省略主谓语或主谓语的一部分。

e.g. (There is) No smoking. (Is there) Anything wrong? Why (do you) not say hello to him?

3、省略作宾语的不定式短语，只保留to。

e.g. ---- Are you going there? ---- I’d like to (go there).

He did not give me the chance, though he had promised to (give me the chance).

注意：如果该宾语是be动词或完成时态，则须在to之后加上be或have。

e.g. ---- Are you an engineer? ---- No, but I want to be.

---- He hasn’t finished the task yet. ---- Well, he ought to have.

4、省略表语。

e.g. ---- Are you thirsty? ---- Yes, I am (thirsty).

5、同时省略几个成分。

e.g. Let’s meet at the same place as (we met) yesterday.

---- Have you finished your work? ---- (I have) Not (finished my work) yet.

（二）并列句中的省略

两个并列分句中，后一个分句常省略与前一分句中相同的部分。

e.g. 1.One of the sides of board should be painted yellow, and _____. (00北京春)

A. the other is white

B. another white

C. the other white

D. another is white

（三）主从复合句中的省略

1、主句中有一些成分被省略。

e.g. (I’m) Sorry to hear that you are ill.

(It is a) Pity that he missed such a good chance.

2、省略了一个从句或从句的一部分，用so或not（切不可用it或that）代替。

e.g.1.—The boys are not doing a good job at all，are they？—_____ ．(03北京)

A．I guess not so B．I don't guess C．I don't guess so D．I guess not （四）其它省略