大学英语中的修辞手法
大学英语写作 修辞手法
Nurse: His name is Romeo, and a Montague, The only son of your great enemy. Juliet: My only love sprung from my only hate Too early seen unknown, and known too late! Prodigious birth of love it is to me, That I must love a loathed enemy. ---Shakespeare: Romeo and Juliet The Child is father of the Man. ---Wordsworth My Heart Leaps Up (从小孩现在的表现可以预见他成人后的情况；或一切认知 源于儿童时期)
In overstatement (hyperbole), the diction exaggerates the subject. eg. 1) She is dying to know what job has been assigned her. 2) Those three words (Dombay and Son) conveyed the one idea of Mr. Dombay’s life. The earth was made for Dombay and Son to trade in and the sun and moon were made to give them light. Rivers and seas were formed to float their ships; rainbows gave them promise of air weather; winds blew for or against their enterprises; stars and plants circled in their orbits to preserve inviolate a system of which they were the centre. ----Dombay and Son
英语中的修辞手法总结
英语中的修辞手法总结
英语中的修辞手法包括以下几种：
1. 比喻（Metaphor）：用某个事物来比喻另一个事物，使语言更加形象生动。
例子：她的笑容如阳光一般温暖。
2. 拟人（Personification）：将无生命的事物赋予人的特征，使表达更具有生动感和感染力。
例子：风儿吹过，树叶纷飞。
3. 对偶（Parallelism）：通过平行的句子结构或词语来表达相同的或类似的意思，使句子更有力量和韵律感。
例子：Love is patient, love is kind. It does not envy, it does not boast, it is not proud.
4. 反问（Rhetorical question）：表现出说话人的强烈感情和肯定态度，让听者思考并自行找到答案。
例子：难道我们的作品不应该反映现实生活的美好吗？
5. 比较（Comparison）：通过将两个不同的事物进行类比，使得听者或读者更容易理解某个观点。
例子：她跑得像一只兔子一样快。
以上是英语中常见的五种修辞手法，当然还有其他一些较少使用的修辞手法，如反语、夸张、卡里加里（Cacophony）等。
这些修辞手法都可以让语言更生动、更有表现力。
大学英语修辞
大学英语修辞1) Simile：(明喻）2) Metaphor：(暗喻）3) Analogy: (类比）4) Personification: (拟人）5) Hyperbole: (夸张）6) Understatement: (含蓄陈述）7) Euphemism: (委婉）8) Metonymy (转喻）9) Synecdoche (提喻）10) Antonomasia (换称）11) Pun: (双关语）12) Syllepsis: (一语双叙）13) Zeugma: (轭式搭配）14) Irony: (反语）15) Innuendo: (暗讽）16) Sarcasm: (讽刺）17) Paradox: (隽语）18) Oxymoron: (矛盾修饰）19) Antithesis: (对照）20) Epigram: (警句）21) Climax: (渐进）22) Anti-climax or bathos: (突降）23) Apostrophe：(顿呼）24) Transferred Epithet: (一就修饰语）25) Alliteration: (头韵）26) Onomatopoeia: (拟声）修辞格(figures of speech)是提高语言表达效果的语言艺术。
它能使语言生动形象、具体活泼，给人以美的享受。
（一）音韵修辞格(phonological rhetorical devices)顾名思义，音韵修辞格是利用词语的语音特点创造出来的修辞手法。
包括: a) Onomatopoeia(拟声) 是模仿事物发出的声响,如：Presently there came theclick of high-heeled shoes.高跟皮鞋声咯咯地传了过来。
b) Alliteration(头韵) 就是在一个词组或一个诗行中，有两个以上彼此靠近的词，其开头的音节（或其他重读音节）具有同样的字母或声音；如：Peter Piper picked a peck of picking pepper.皮特.派特咽下了一口腌菜用的胡椒粉。
大学英语写作修辞
大学英语写作修辞英语写作中对于修辞手法的巧妙运用，可不是大学生的专利，任何一个学习英语的人都可以做到。
下面是店铺给大家整理的大学英语写作修辞，供大家参阅!大学英语写作中修辞手法的运用修辞手段一般主要用于文学性写作中。
但在大学英语的英文写作中有时也需要运用一定的具有英文特征的修辞手段，而且运用得好，会使语句生动从而增添语句亮点。
因此，掌握一些一般常用修辞手段对于实现语句亮点也是非常必要的。
对于大学英语写作来说，主要应该掌握以下修辞手段，又称语句辞格，包括结构辞格与语义辞格。
对比、排比、重复、倒装等为结构辞格，转义、双关、矛盾等则为语义辞格。
1.对比正反对比就是要巧妙地运用对称的英文句式来表达互为补充的意思，因此恰当地运用反义词语往往是必不可少的。
如果一旦所要表达的内容具有这种情况，就应尽力选用这种对称的句式并选用适当的反义词语来加强语句，实现语句的亮点。
1)如“很多人很快就会发现，他们在物质上是富裕了，精神上却很贫乏”，可以这样达：Many people will soon find themselves rich in goods，but ragged in spirit.(注：句中rich in与ragged in，goods与spirit具有正反对比的关系和效果。
)2)如“利远远大于弊”，可以这样表达：The advantages for outweigh the disadvantages.(注：句中the advantages与the disadvantages具有正反对比的关系和效果。
)3)如“他们注意到了这些说法中的一些道理，但他们却忽视了一个重要的事实”，可以这样表达：They have noticed a grain of truth in the statements，but have ignored a more important fact.(注：句中have noticed与have ignored，a grain of truth inthe statements与a more important fact具有正反对比的关系和效果。
英语修辞大全
本文根据《大学英语》中出现的最常见的几种修辞格加以分析，希望有助于大家在学习英语的过程中能够恰当地选择修辞手段来丰富自己的表达。
明喻(Simile)明喻是一种最简单、最常见的修辞方法，是以两种具有共同特征的事物或现象进行对比，表明本体和喻体的关系，两者都在对比中出现，其基本格式是“A像B”，常用的比喻词有as, like, as if, as though等。
例如：●He jumped back as if he had been stung, and the blood rushedsint oshis wrinkled face.(他往后一跳，好像被什么东西叮了一下似的，他那张布满皱纹的脸顿时涨得通红。
)在《品尝家》一文中老人对“我”的慷慨施舍的反应如同被蜜蜂叮过一样，生动地刻画出一个处境凄凉内心却极度敏感的可怜老人的形象。
●The cheque fluttered to the floor like a bird with a broken wing. (支票跌落到地上，像一只断了翅膀的小鸟。
)《礼物》一文中，老太太喜迎八十大寿，大女儿不来庆祝，只寄来一张支票。
作者把这张支票比作断了翅膀的小鸟，形象地表达出此刻老太太希望破灭，极度伤心的心情。
暗喻(Metaphor)暗喻也是一种比喻，但不用比喻词，因此被称作缩减了的明喻(a compressed simile)。
它直接把一种事物名称用在另一事物上，从而更生动、更深刻地说明事理，增强语言的表现力。
例如：●What will parents do without the electronic baby-sitter? (如果没有这位电子保姆，父母该怎么办呢？)形象地说明了电视机的保姆功用。
●... while most of us are only too ready to apply to others the cold wind of criticism, we are somehow reluctant to give our fellows the warm sunshine of praise.(……但是我们中的很多人太容易给别人批评的冷风，而不愿意给自己的同伴赞扬的阳光。
英语中常见的修辞手法
英语中常见的修辞手法英语中常见的修辞手法包括以下几种：1. 比喻：用一个事物来代替另一个事物，以便突出某种特点或形象描绘。
例如："He is a shining star."2. 暗喻：通过隐晦的方式来暗示某种含义或形象。
例如："The classroom wasa zoo."3. 拟人：将非人类的事物赋予人类特征，使其更形象生动。
例如："The wind howled."4. 反问：提出一个问题，但并不期望得到回答，用于强调某种观点或引起读者的思考。
例如："Isn't it a lovely day?"5. 夸张：夸大事物的特点或程度，以便产生强烈的感觉或效果。
例如："I've told you a million times."6. 对比：将两个相对的事物或观点进行对比，突出它们的差异或相似之处。
例如："Love is patient, love is kind."7. 排比：重复使用相同的结构，以便加强表达的力度或效果。
例如："I came, Isaw, I conquered."8. 修饰语：使用形容词、副词等修饰词语，以增强其描述能力或表达感情色彩。
例如："The sun was shining brightly."9. 双关语：使用具有多重意义的词语或短语，以产生幽默效果或引起读者的注意。
例如："Time flies like an arrow; fruit flies like a banana."10. 反复：重复使用相同的词语或短语，以强调某种观点或产生连贯的效果。
例如："Never, never, never give up."这些修辞手法在语言表达中起到了丰富和强调的作用，并可以提升语言的美感和表达的效果。
英文修辞手法
常见英语修辞手法总共有22种，分别为明喻、转喻、提喻、隐喻、拟人、拟声、夸张、双关、讽刺、联觉、头韵、委婉、修辞反问、隽语、对照、渐进法、渐降法、引用、叠言、仿拟、排比、寓言。
一、明喻（Simile）是以两种具有相同特征的事物和现象进行对比，表明本体和喻体之间的相似关系，两者都在对比中出现。
常用比喻词like, as, as if, as though,seem,similar to, such as等，Eg：1. This elephant is like a snake as anybody can see.这头象和任何人见到的一样像一条蛇。
2. He looked as if he had just stepped out of my book of fairytales and had passed me like a spirit.他看起来好像刚从我的童话书中走出来，像一个幽灵一样从我身边走过。
3. It has long leaves that sway in the wind like slim fingers reaching to touch something.它那长长的叶子在风中摆动，好像伸出纤细的手指去触摸什么东西似的。
二、隐喻（Metaphor）这种比喻不通过比喻词进行，而是直接将用事物当作乙事物来描写，甲乙两事物之间的联系和相似之处是暗含的。
Eg：1、The diamond department was the heart and center of the store. 钻石部是商店的心脏和核心。
2. He is a pig.他简直是头猪。
（比喻：他是一个像猪一般的人，指肮脏，贪吃的人。
）3. She is a woman with a stony heart.她是一个铁石心肠的女人。
（比喻：这个女人冷酷无情。
）4.Mark Twain is a mirror of America.马克吐温是美国的一面镜子。
大学英语中常见的修辞手法
ofm edicines."(“ 吧， 生 “ 会 力 到 学 做 的， 好 ” 说， 尽 做 科 能 到 医 我
但每当我的病人开始数 自己葬礼上的马车时，药物的疗效就
Michael ' s dedication,determination and discipline was a
会减掉一半。”大学英语第三册第六单元课文A) 四、 夸张(the exaggeration) 把事物的特征， 有意地加以夸大或缩小， 就叫夸张， 即采
用“ 言过其实” 的说法， 使事物的本质特征更好地呈现出来。 英 语中夸张修辞格， 应用极为频繁。 夸张的功能是突出事物的本 质特征， 因源自给人强烈印象或警悟、 启发。例如 :
Most Amer ican remember Mar k Twain as the fath er of Hu ck
coach' s dream.(迈克尔的投人、 执着、 律正是每个教练梦寐 自 以 求的。 )(作者在这里运用押头韵突出了主 人公不达目 的不
目中， 马克 吐温是位伟大作家， 他描写哈克 费恩永恒的童年
时代中充满诗情画意的旅程和汤姆 索亚在漫长的夏 日里 自
同特征的事物或现象进行对比， 表明本体和喻体的关系， 两者 都在对比中出现， 其基本格式是‘ `A像B>， . 常用的比喻词有二 ，
由自 在历险探奇的 故事。 n al和 )(eter endless都是夸张用语， 表
"What fine w eather for an outing! ” 计划了 一个美好的出 游 却被一场大雨搅和了。 )(于是出现了上面的这句话， 通过反语 达到讽刺的效果， 从而更能够反映出当时的无奈与沮丧。 ) 七、 头韵(the alliteration)
大学英语修辞手法总结
大学英语修辞手法总结大学英语都有哪些修辞手法呢？下面四小编整理的大学英语修辞手法总结，欢迎阅读！大学英语修辞手法总结1) Simile：(明喻）It is a figure of speech which makes a comparison between two unlike elements having at least one quality or characteristic (特性)in common. To make the comparison, words like as, as...as, as if and like are used to transfer the quality we associate with one to the other. For example, As cold waters to a thirsty soul, so is good news from a far country.2) Metaphor：(暗喻）It is like a simile, also makesa comparison between two unlike elements, but unlike a simile, this comparison is implied rather than stated. For example, the world is a stage.3) Analogy: (类比）It is also a form of comparison, but unlike simile or metaphor which usually uses comparison on one point of resemblance, analogy draws a parallel between two unlike things that have several common qualities or points of resemblance.4) Personification: (拟人）It gives human form of feelings to animals, or life and personalattributes(赋予) to inanimate(无生命的) objects, or to ideas and abstractions(抽象). For example, the wind whistled through the trees.5) Hyperbole: (夸张）： It is the deliberate use of overstatement or exaggeration to achieve emphasis. For instance, he almost died laughing.6) Understatement: (含蓄陈述） It is the opposite of hyperbole, or overstatement. It achieves its effect of emphasizing a fact by deliberately(故意地) understating it, impressing the listener or the reader more by what is merely implied or left unsaid than by bare statement. For instance, It is no laughing matter.7) Euphemism: (委婉） It is the substitution of an agreeable or inoffensive(无冒犯) expression for one that may offend or suggest something unpleasant. For instance, we refer to "die" as” pass away".8) Metonymy (转喻）It is a figure of speech that has to do with the substitution of the mane of one thing for that of another. For instance, the pen (words) is mightier than the sword (forces).9) Synecdoche (提喻）It is involves the substitution of the part for the whole, or the wholefor the part. For instance, they say there's bread and work for all. She was dressed in silks.10) Antonomasia (换喻）It has also to do with substitution. It is not often mentioned now, though it is still in frequent use. For example, Solomon for a wise man. Daniel for a wise and fair judge. Judas fora traitor.11) Pun: (双关语） It is a play on words, or rathera play on the form and meaning of words. For instance, a cannon-ball took off his legs, so he laid down his arms. (Here "arms" has two meanings: a person's body; weapons carried by a soldier.)12) Solipsism: (一语双叙）It has two connotations. In the first case, it is a figure by which a word, or a particular form or inflection of a word, refers to two or more words in the same sentence, while properly applying to or agreeing with only on of them in grammar or syntax(句法). For example, He addressed you and me, and desired us to follow him. (Here we are used to refer to you and me.)In the second case, it a word may refer to two or more words in the same sentence. For example, while hewas fighting, and losing limb and mind, and dying, others stayed behind to pursue education and career. (Here to losing one's limbs in literal; to lose one's mind is figurative, and means to go mad.)13) Zeugma: (轭式搭配） It is a single word which is made to modify or to govern two or more words in the same sentence, wither properly applying in sense to only one of them, or applying to them in different senses. For example, the sun shall not burn you by day or the moon by night. (Here noon is not strong enough to burn)14) Irony: (反语） It is a figure of speech that achieves emphasis by saying the opposite of what is meant, the intended meaning of the words being the opposite of their usual sense. For instance, we are lucky, what you said makes me feel real good. 15) Innuendo: (暗讽） It is a mild form of irony, hinting in a rather roundabout (曲折)way at something disparaging(不一致) or uncomplimentary(不赞美) to the person or subject mentioned. For example, the weatherman said it would be worm. He must take his readings in a bathroom.16) Sarcasm: (讽刺） It Sarcasm is a strong form of irony. It attacks in a taunting and bitter manner, and its aim is to disparage, ridicule and wound the feelings of the subject attacked. For example, laws are like cobwebs, which may catch small flies, but let wasps break through.17) Paradox: (似非而是的隽语） It is a figure of speech consisting of a statement or proposition which on the face of it seems self-contradictory, absurd or contrary toestablished fact or practice, but which onfurther thinking and study may prove to be true, well-founded, and even to contain a succinct point. For example more haste, less speed.18) Oxymoron: (矛盾修饰）It is a compressed paradox, formed by the conjoining(结合) of two contrasting, contradictory or incongruous(不协调) terms as in bitter-sweet memories, orderly chaos(混乱) and proud humility(侮辱).19) Antithesis: (对照） It is the deliberate arrangement of contrasting words or ideas in balanced structural forms to achieve emphasis. For example, speech is silver; silence is golden.20) Epigram: (警句） It states a simple truth pithily(有利地) and pungently(强烈地). It is usually terse and arouses interest and surprise by its deep insight into certain aspects of human behavior or feeling. For instance, Few, save the poor, feel for the poor.21) Climax: (渐进） It is derived from the Greek word for "ladder" and implies the progression of thought at a uniform or almost uniform rate of significance or intensity, like the steps of a ladder ascending evenly. For example, I came, I saw, I conquered.22) Anti-climax or bathos: (突降）It is the opposite of Climax. It involves stating one's thoughts in a descending order of significance or intensity, from strong to weak, from weighty to light or frivolous. For instance, But thousands die, without or this or that, die, and endow(赋予) a college, or a cat.23) Apostrophe： (顿呼）In this figure of speech,a thing, place, idea or person (dead or absent) is addressed as if present, listening and understanding what is being said.For instance, England! awake! awake! awake!24) Transferred Epithet: (转类形容词） It is a figure of speech where an epithet (an adjective or descriptive phrase) is transferred from the noun it should rightly modify(修饰) to another to which it does not really apply or belong. For instance, I spent sleepless nights on my project.25) Alliteration: (头韵） It has to do with the sound rather than the sense of words for effect. It is a device that repeats the same sound at frequent intervals(间隔) and since the sound repeated is usually the initial consonant sound, it is also called "front rhyme". For instance, the fair breeze blew, the white foam flew, the furrow followed free.26) Onomatopoeia: (拟声） It is a device that uses words which imitate the sounds made by an object (animate or inanimate), or which are associated with or suggestive(提示的) of some action or movement。
英语中修辞手法
英语中有二十几种种修辞手法，它们分别是：Simile明喻、Metaphor隐喻/暗喻、Metonymy借喻/借代、Synecdoche提喻、Synaesthesia 通感、Personification拟人、Hyperbole夸张、Parallelism排比/平行、Euphemism 委婉、Allegory 讽喻，比方、Irony反语、Pun双关、Parody仿拟、Rhetorical question修辞疑问/反问、Antithesis对照/对比/对偶、Paradox隽语、Oxymoron矛盾修饰法、alliteration头韵法、transferred epithet移就、Allusion引用典故、Climax渐进法/层进法、Anticlimax渐降法。
1.Simile 明喻明喻是将具有共性的不同事物作对比。
这种共性存在于人们的心里，而不是事物的自然属性。
标志词常用 like, as, seem, as if, as though, similar to, such as等。
例如：1>.He was like a cock who thought the sun had risen to hear him crow.2>.I wandered lonely as a cloud.2.Metaphor 隐喻，暗喻隐喻是简缩了的明喻，是将某一事物的名称用于另一事物，通过比较形成。
例如：1>.He has a heart of stone.他铁石心肠。
2>.Some books are to be tasted, others swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested.3.Metonymy 借喻，借代借喻不直接说出所要说的事物，而使用另一个与之相关的事物名称。
I.以容器代替内容，例如：1>.The kettle boils. 水开了。
英语19种修辞手法的全部解释和例句 英语中有19种修辞手法
英语19种修辞手法的全部解释和例句英语中有19种修辞手法，它们分别是：Simile明喻、Metaphor 隐喻，暗喻、Metonymy 借喻，转喻、Synecdoche 提喻、Synaesthesia 通感，联觉，移觉、Personification 拟人、Hyperbole 夸张、Parallelism 排比，平行、Euphemism 委婉，婉辞法、Allegory 讽喻，比方、Irony 反语、Pun 双关、Parody 仿拟、Rhetorical question 修辞疑问、Antithesis 对照，对比，对偶、Paradox 隽语、Oxymoron 反意法，逆喻、Climax 渐进法，层进法、Anticlimax 渐降法。
下面和大家分享一下这19种修辞手法的全部解释和例句，快来学习吧！1.Simile 明喻明喻是将具有共性的不同事物作对比。
这种共性存在于人们的心里，而不是事物的自然属性。
标志词常用like, as, seem, as if, as though, similar to, such as等。
例如：1>.He was like a cock who thought the sun had risen to hear him crow。
2>.I wandered lonely as a cloud。
3>.Einstein only had a blanket on, as if he had just walked out of a fairy tale。
2.Metaphor 隐喻，暗喻隐喻是简缩了的明喻，是将某一事物的名称用于另一事物，通过比较形成。
例如：1>.Hope is a good breakfast, but it is a bad supper。
2>.Some books are to be tasted, others swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested。
大学英语修辞格
大学英语修辞格大学英语常见修辞格所谓修辞是指依据题旨情境恰当地选择语言手段和表达方式, 以有效地表情达意。
修辞的目的是使作品更加形象生动、引人入胜。
了解英语中的修辞, 有助于我们更好地理解、欣赏文章,也有助于在写作中丰富我们自己的表达。
英语修辞格按其构成大致可以分为三类:(一)词义修辞格(Lexical Rhetorical Devices)词义修辞格主要是指借助语义的联想和语言的变化等特点创造出来的修辞手法。
大学英语中常见的词义修辞格有以下几种:1. Simile 明喻与汉语的明喻基本相同,是以两种具有相同特征的事物和现象进行对比,表明本体和喻体之间的相似关系。
常用来表示明喻的喻词有like, as, as if, as though等。
如:Learning is like rowing upstream; not to advance is to drop back. 学如逆水行舟,不进则退。
2. Metaphor 暗喻暗喻也是一种比喻, 但不用比喻词, 因此被称为"缩减了的明喻(a compressed simile)"。
它是根据两个事物间的某些共同的特征, 用一事物去暗示另一事物的比喻方式。
如:And yet, while most of us are only too ready to apply to others the cold wind of criticism, we are somehow reluctant to give our fellows the warm sunshine of praise. 但是,尽管我们中的很多人太容易给别人批评的冷风,却不知何故不愿意给我们的同伴赞扬的阳光。
(该句中,将criticism比喻成cold wind,将praise比喻成warm sunshine,但是未使用任何比喻词,因此为暗喻。
)3. Metonymy转喻/借代转喻类似于汉语中的借代修辞,是通过相近的联想, 借喻体代替本体,它根本不说出本体事物, 直接用比喻事物代替本体事物。
英文中的修辞手法
英文中的修辞手法英文中有许多修辞手法，这些手法通过运用特定的语言技巧，可以增强文学作品的表达力和感染力。
以下是一些常见的英文修辞手法：比喻（Metaphor）：将两个不同的事物进行比较，以强调它们之间的相似之处，而不使用"like"或"as"。
例如：“时间是一把无情的剑。
”拟人（Personification）：赋予非人物以人的特质或行为，使其更具生动性。
例如：“风儿轻轻地低语。
”象征（Symbolism）：使用一个事物、符号或象征来代表另一个抽象概念。
例如：“燕子在文学中通常象征着春天和希望。
”暗喻（Metonymy）：用一个与所指实体有着密切关联的词汇来替代它。
例如：“白宫发布了一份声明”中的“白宫”代表美国政府。
排比（Parallelism）：通过使用相似的句式或结构，强调语言的平衡和韵律。
例如：“我不怕困难，我不怕失败，我不怕挑战。
”双关语（Pun）：利用一个词汇项的多义性或相似的发音来制造幽默或引起思考。
例如：“时间飞逝，果然很‘秒’。
”讽刺（Irony）：通过言辞上的反讽，表达与字面意义相反的意思。
例如：“这个‘伟大’的计划居然失败了。
”悬念（Suspense）：通过保持某种信息的不明确，刺激读者的兴趣，以激发紧张感。
例如：“她打开门，里面的一切都让她惊呆了。
”对仗（Antithesis）：将相对或对立的思想或概念通过并列的结构进行强调。
例如：“昨夜寒风凛冽，今朝暖阳明媚。
”比较（Simile）：将两个事物通过使用"like"或"as"进行比较，以突显它们之间的相似之处。
例如：“她如同一朵盛开的花。
”这些修辞手法可以单独使用，也可以结合在一起，创造出更为复杂和富有表现力的文学效果。
作家通常根据他们的写作目的，选择最适合表达自己意图的修辞手法。
大学英语中的修辞手法
大学英语中常见的修辞手法1 明喻(Simile)明喻是一种最简单、最常见的修辞方法，是以两种具有共同特征的事物或现象进行对比，表明本体和喻体的关系，两者都在对比中出现，其基本格式是“A像B”，常用的比喻词有as, like, as if, as though等。
如果使用得当可以把深奥的道理说得通俗、浅显、明白，使人可见可感可悟，把简单的事物表达的更为形象更为生动。
例如：Like climbing a mountain, we struggle up three feet and fall back two.（正如爬山，我们费力爬上三英尺，又掉下去两英尺。
）(大学英语第一册第三单元课文B)I see also the dull, drilled, docile, brutish masses of the Hun soldiery blodding on like a swarm of crawling locusts.(丘吉尔在此使用了一个恰当的比喻，把德国士兵比作蝗虫，因为二者有着共同之处-传播毁灭。
)2 暗喻(the metaphor)暗喻也是一种比喻，但不用比喻词，因此被称作缩减了的明喻(a compressed simile)。
它是根据两个事物间的某些共同的特征，用一事物去暗示另一事物的比喻方式。
本体和喻体之间不用比喻词，只是在暗中打比方，从而更生动、更深刻地说明事理，增强语言的表现力。
例如：I will do anything I can to help him through life's dangerous sea.（我将全力帮助他穿越人生的惊涛骇浪。
）(第二册第三单元课文A)Consider that the same cultural soil producing the English language also nourished the great principles of freedom and right of man in the modern world.(想想吧，孕育英语的文化土壤也同样为当今世界培育了自由和人权准则。
英语中常用的修辞手法
英语中常用的修辞手法英语中常用的修辞手法有以下几种：1. Simile（明喻）：通过使用“like”或“as”等词将两个不同的事物进行比较，以突出它们的相似之处。
Example: Her eyes were like stars in the night sky.2. Metaphor（隐喻）：将一个事物直接比作另一个事物，而不使用“like”或“as”等词。
Example: Life is a journey.3. Personification（拟人）：赋予无生命的事物以人类的特征或行为。
Example: The wind whispered through the trees.4. Hyperbole（夸张）：故意夸大或夸张某个事物的特征或程度。
Example: I could sleep for a year.5. Parallelism（排比）：使用相同或相似的结构、语法或词汇来表达一个想法或主题。
Example: She is smart, talented, and beautiful.6. Alliteration（头韵）：重复相同的声音或字母，以增强语言的韵律和节奏。
Example: The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.7. Onomatopoeia（拟声）：使用与所描述的声音相似的词汇来模拟声音。
Example: The clock tick-tocked in the quiet room.8. Repetition（重复）：重复某个词汇或短语以增强语言的效果。
Example: Once upon a time, there was a princess who lived in a castle.9. Antithesis（对比）：将两个相反的想法或概念放在一起进行对比。
Example: Love is an act of endless forgiveness, a tender look which becomes a habit.这些修辞手法可以帮助作者更生动、形象地表达自己的意思，增强语言的感染力和说服力。
大学英语教材中常见的英语修辞
大学英语教材中常见的英语修辞摘要：英语修辞在大学英语教材中是一项重要的内容。
因为有些修辞用法相似，所以很难区别。
现以大学英语教材中常见的四种修辞为例并介绍它们的特征以及如何区分。
关键词：英语修辞；明喻；暗喻；拟人；委婉语1 明喻（simile）明喻是表现一事物像另一事物的修辞格。
说得通俗点，也就是打比方，即把要描述的事物——本体（A）用比喻词与另一种具有鲜明的同一特征的事物——喻体（B）联系起来。
常用的比喻词有 as（如）， like（像）， seem（似乎）， as if（好像）， as though（好像）， such as（像……一样）等。
其基本格式是"A is like B"或"A is as…as B"。
例如：（1）Her eyes were blue as flowers，and in her pale green suit she was like springtime come alive.她的眼睛碧蓝，如花似玉。
她身穿浅绿色套装，犹如春天一般生机盎然。
（Unit 5 Text A，New College English 1）课文中作者把霍利思·梅奈尔小姐的青春活力和春天万物欣欣向荣联系起来。
（2）Records fell like ripe apples on a windy day.（E.B.White）被打破的记录犹如刮风天成熟的苹果——纷纷坠落。
（3）We feel as if we've been faxed.（Unit 7 Text A，New College English 4）太热了，我们觉得自己被传真过似的。
请注意下面这句话：Jim looks like his brother Billy.吉姆和他的兄弟比利长得很像。
这句话就不是明喻：这里把两件相同的事物（两个人）做比较。
2 暗喻（metaphor）这种比喻不通过比喻词进行，而是直接将甲事物当作乙事物来描写，甲乙两事物之间的联系和相似之处是暗含的。
大学 英语修辞整理及例子
1.Alliteration 头韵heart,home2.Assonance 元韵late,make“The rain in spain falls mainly in the plain.”The kind guide said aside he would chop the way for us.好心的导游在一旁说他将替我们开路。
3.Consonance 辅韵They left half a loaf in the safe.4.Onomatopoeia 拟声The stream murmurs through the woods.5.Aposiopesis [æ'pəʊsaɪəʊpi:sɪs] 说话中断法，跳脱“You’d better do this or else…”6.Apostrophe 呼语Captain!my captain!rise up and hear the bells:7.Pun 双关ball:(1)any round or spherical object (2)a formal social dance8.Repetition 重复The rain pours and pours.9.Anaphora 首语重复法Light come, light go.10.Epiphora 句末重复法Waste not,want not.11.Simploce首结语重复法This is the world’s fight, This is civilization’s fight.12.anadiplosis 顶针With Bewick on my knee,I was then happy:happy at least in my way.13.Parallelism 平行结构The young actor was tall,dark,and handsome.14.Antithesis 对偶Marriage is easy,housekeepin g is hard.15.Climax 层进法We want peace,we want freedom,we want a better life.16.Anticlimax 突降法Where shall I find hope, happiness ,friends, cigarettes?17.Syllepsis 一语双叙He lost his coat and his temper.18.Zeugma 轭式修辞法We ate a bun and a glass of milk.19.Chiasmus 回文One should eat to live,not live to eat.20.Asyndeton 连词省略法Nothing is insider them, they were sealed up before the creation of pestilence.21.Polysyndeton 连词叠用法I am a soul，or a body, a mind.22.Rhetorical question 反问Isn’t it the best choice?23.Simile 明喻Time flies like an arrow.24.Metaphor 暗喻You are my sunshine.25.Metonymy 借喻He has a good ear for music.26.Synecdoche 提喻He paid the workers $5 per head.27.Antonomasia换称He is modern Hitler---a tyrant.Jack is Michael Jordan on our basketball team.28.Personification 拟人The bird is singing joyfully.29.Parody 仿拟I had no outlook,but an uplook rather.30.Synesthesia 通感The music breathing from her face.31.Transferred epithet 移情a sleepless bed32.. understatement 轻描淡写，低调陈述1.AUTHOR &WORKS1>William Faulkner is the author of ______.A. Far From the Madding CrowdB. Sound and FuryC. For Whom the Bell TollsD. Scarlet LetterKey B2>The Old Man and the Sea is one of the great works by _____.A. Jack LondonB. Charles DickensC. Samuel ColeridgeD. Ernest HemingwayKey: D3>James Joyce is the author of all the following novels EXCEPT ______.A. DublinersB. A Portrait of the Artist as a Young ManC. Jude the ObscureD. UlyssesKey: C4>Which of the following is NOT a poem by Emily Dickinson?A. This is my letter to the world.B. / heard a fly buzz —when I died.C. This is just to say.D. Because I could not stop for death. Key: C (William Carlos Williams)5>Francis Bacon' s _____ is a great essay on education.A. The Advancement of LearningB. The Importance of Being EarnestC. The New AtlanticD. The Learned Reading upon the Statute of UsesKey: A6>William Makepeace Thackeray' s most famous work is ______.A. The School for ScandalB. Past and PresentC. Major BarbaraD. Vanity FairKey: D7>Which of the following poems is NOT written by George Gordon Byron?A. She Walks in Beauty.B. The Solitary Reaper.C. When We Two Parted.D. Childe Harold' s Pilgrimage.Key: B8> William Golding' s first and most well-known novel is ______.A. Coral IslandB. Lord of the FliesC. Treasure IslandD. The Brass ButterflyKey: B9> Moby Dick is the most important work by ______.A. Jack LondonB. Herman MelvilleC. Sinclair LewisD. Ralph EllisonKey: B10>Stephen Crane is famous for ______.A. An American TragedyB. The AmbassadorsC. Main StreetD. The Red Badge of Courage Key: D11>Robert Frost is a famous _____.A. novelistB. playwrightC. poetD. literary criticKey: C12>Eugene 0' Neil is an American ______.A. novelistB. playwrightC. poetD. essayist KEY:B13>_____ is considered to be the best-known English dramatist since Shakespeare, and his representative works are plays inspired by social criticism.A. Richard SheridanB. Oliver GoldsmithC. Oscar WildeD. Bernard ShawKEY:D14>Who is the only woman writer that has won both Pulitzer Prize and Nobel Prize?A. Pearl Buck.B. Virginia Woolf.C. Tony Morrison.D. Katharine Mansfield.KEY: A15> ______ is NOT among the postwar poets in modem American literature.A. Robert LowellB. Gary SynderC. Alien GinsbergD. e. e. cummingsKEY: D16>Shylock is a character in ______.A. The Merchant of VeniceB. The Twelfth NightC. The Winter's TaleD. MacbethKEY: A17>This line "If Winter comes, can Spring be far behind?' is quoted from ______.A. Don Juan.B. Kubla KhanC. To AutumnD. Ode to the West Wind KEY: D18>The sentence "Shall I compare thee to a summer' s day" is quoted from Shakespeare' s ______.A. comediesB. tragediesC. historiesD. sonnetsKEY : D19>"Beauty is truth, truth beauty" is an epigrammatic line by ______.A. John KeatsB. William BlakeC. William WordsworthD. Percy Bysshe ShelleyKEY: A19>"Beauty is truth, truth beauty" is an epigrammatic line by ______.A. John KeatsB. William BlakeC. William WordsworthD. Percy Bysshe Shelley KEY: A20>Tess is a character created by ______.A. D. H. LawrenceB. James JoyceC. Thomas HardyD. Dylan Thomas Key: C21>As a literary figure, Heathcliff appears in ______.A. Jane EyreB. Oliver TwistC. Wuthering HeightsD. Middlemarch Key: C22>Emily Grierson is a literary figure created by ______.A. Willa GatherB. Doris LessingC. William FaulknerD. Nathaniel Hawthorn Key: C23> Mr. Micawber in David Copperfield and Sam Well in Pickwick Papers are perhaps the best ______ characters created by Charles Dickens.A. comicB. tragicC. roundD. sophisticated Key: A24> Mr. Darcy is a character in ______.A. Tess of the D' UrhervillesB. Pride and PrejudiceC. Happy PrinceD. The Mill on the Floss Key: B25> The image of the famous "henpecked husband" is created by______.A. Washington IrvingB. Fennimore CooperC. Edith WhartonD. William Dean Howells Key: A26> ______ is a popular literary form in the medieval period.A. RomanceB. NovelC. SonnetD. Drama Key: A27> ______ was the most important person of the transcendental club.A. HawthornB. WhitmanC. EmersonD. Thoreau Key: C28> The literary spokesman of the Jazz is often thought to be _____.A. O'NeilB. PoundC. Robert FrostD. Scott Fitzgerald Key: D29>Together with Lawrence and Joyce, ______ is considered one of the three giants of the modern English novel and a master of English prose.A. Henry JamesB. Joseph ConradC. E. M. ForsterD. Aldous Huxley Key: B30>_____,the author of The Interpretation of Dreams has great impact on literary creation and criticism.A. Carl JungB. Jean-Paul SartreC. Friedrich Wilhelm NietzscheD. Sigmund Freud Key: D31> Which of the following is NOT a typical feature of Modernism?A.To elevate the individual and inner being over the social being.B. To put the stress on traditional values.C.To portray the distorted and alienated relationships between man and his environment.D.To advocate a conscious break with the past. Key: B32>Whitman's poems are characterized by all the following features EXCEPT _____.A. a strict poetic formB. a simple and conversational languageC. a free and natural rhythmic patternD. an easy flow of feelings Key: A33> Who initiated the name of the Lost Generation?A. Hemingway.B. Fitzgerald.C. Gertrude Stein.D. William Faulkner. Key: C34> The high tide of Romanticism in American literature occurred around ______.A. 1820B. 1850C. 1880D. 1920 Key: A35> The success of Jane Eyre is partly due to its introduction to the English novel the first _____ heroine.A. explorerB. peasantC. workerD. governess Key: D36> _____ is the representative work of the Beat Generation.A. The Great GatsbyB. On the RoadC. Look Back in AngerD. The Sun Also Rises Key: B37>The most significant idea of the Renaissance is ______.A. humanismB. realismC. naturalismD. skepticism Key: A38>The title of Thackeray's "Vanity Fair" is taken from __A. The Holy BibleB. The Faerie QueenC.The Pilgrim's ProgressD. Paradise Lost Key: C39>Who is considered the father of American poetry?A. Philip Freneau.B. William Cullen Bryant.C. Henry Wadsworth Longfellow.D. Henry David Thoreau.Key: A ( The Wild Honey Suckle)40>Iceberg Theory is a writing principle proposed and closely followedby_______.A. Jack LondonB. Sinclair LewisC. William FaulknerD. Earnest Hemingway Key: D41> _____ is featured by black humor.A. CaricatureB. Catch-22C. The Catcher in the RyeD. Death of a Salesman Key: B42>______ has won the Pulitzer Prize four times and Nobel Prize.A. Ernest HemingwayB. John SteinbeckC. Eugene 0' NeilD. William Faulkner Key: C43> ______ is known as "the poet' s poet".A. ShakespeareB. MarloweC. SpenserD. Donne Key: C44> Robert Burns is a poet from ______.A. EnglandB. New EnglandC. IrelandD. Scotland Key: D45>Generally, the Renaissance refers to the period between _____ and _____ centuries.A. 14th/mid-17thB. 14th/mid-18thC. 16th/mid-18thD. 16th/mid-17th Key: A46>O Captain! My Captain! was written in memory of _____.A. Walt WhitmanB. Benjamin FranklinC. Abraham LincolnD. Martin Luther King Key: C47>The first book of the Old Testament is called ______.A. ExodusB. NumbersC. LeviticusD. Genesis Key: D48>William Blake' s The Tiger is collected in ______.A. Songs of InnocenceB. Songs of ExperienceC. Marriage of Heaven and HellD. Poetical Sketches Key: B49>Who is the father of English poetry?A. Shakespeare.B. Edmund Spencer.C. John Milton.D. Geoffrey Chaucer. Key: D50>The 1954 Nobel Prize for literature was awarded to _____ for his "mastery of the art of modem narration".A.William FaulknerB. John SteinbeckC. Saul BellowD. Ernest Hemingway Key: D51>It is generally regarded that Keats’s most important and mature poems are in the form of___.A. odeB. elegyC. epicD. sonnet Key: A52> 0. Henry earned his fame mainly for his _____.A. novelsB. poemsC. short storiesD. dramas Key: C53> Works by ______ are characterized by stream-of-consciousness.A. George EliotB. Jane AustenC. Emily BronteD. Virginia Woolf Key: D54>Who of the followings is a playwright of the "theater of absurd" ?A.John Osborn.B. Wystan Hugh Auden.C. Bernard Shaw.D. Samuel Beckett. Key: D55>In the works of such aesthetics, as ______ and Walter Pater, the theory of "art for art' s sake" is advocated.A. Oscar WildeB. Mrs. GaskellC. Alexander PopeD. Charles Lamb Key: A56>The Romantic Age in England came to an end with the death of______.A. Jane AustinB. Walter ScottC. Samuel Taylor ColeridgeD. William Wordsworth Key: B57>The Victorian Age was largely an age of ______, eminently represented by Dickens and Thackeray.A. pessimismB. naturalismC. modernismD. critical realism Key: D58>In which novel can "Yahoo" be found?A. John Bunyan' s Pilgrim' s Progress.B.Edmund Spencer’s The Faerie Queen.C. Jonathan Swift's Gulliver's Travels.D. Henry Fielding' s Tom Jones.Key: C (Lilliput, Brobdingnag, Laputa, Yahoo)59>The Bronte Sisters published the following famous novels EXCEPT ______.A. The Tenant of Wildfell HallB. Jane EyreC. Wuthering HeightsD. Agnes Grey Key: A60>Beowulf narrates a story taking place in _____.A. the MediterraneanB. Northern EuropeC. EnglandD. Scandinavia Key: D1.The national epic of the Anglo-Saxons is ____.A . Robin Hood B. Sir Gawain and the Green KnightC. The Canterbury TalesD. Beowulf2. ____was the most outstanding single romance on the Arthurian legend written in alliterative verse.A. The Canterbury TalesB. Piers the PlowmanC. Sir Gawain and the Green KnightD. Beowulf3. Most of the ballads of the 5th century focused on the legend about____ as a heroic figure.A. Green NightsB. GawainC. Robin HoodD. Hamlet4.In the 16th century, Thomas More’s work ____became immediately popular after its publication.A. Paradise LostB. A Pleasant Satire of the Three EstatesC. Of BeautyD. Utopia5. ____was Edmund Spencer’s masterpiece which has been regarded as one of the great poems in the English language.A. AmorettiB. The Shepherd’s CalendarC. The Faerie QueenD. Four Hymns6. ____ is from Shakespeare’s sonnet No.18.A. “Let me not to the marriage of true minds”B. “To be or not to be: that is the question”C. “Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day”D. “No longer mourn for me when I am dead”7. The vivid portrayal of ____ by Shakespeare in Henry IV has earned for him an enviable place in the history of English literature.A . Julius Caesar B. Falstaff C. Hamlet D. King Henry8.The four great tragedies written by Shakespeare are Hamlet, Macbeth, Othello and ____.A. Antony and CleopatraB. Julius CaesarC. Twelfth NightD. King Lear9. Which of the following does not belong to Shakespeare’s romantic love comedies?A. Twelfth NightB. The TempestC. As You Like ItD. The Merchant of Venice10.The hero who has fallen a victim to his own ambition must be ______.A. HamletB. OthelloC. King LearD. Macbeth11. ______ is acclaimed as “the poets‘poet”,A. ShakespeareB. SpenserC. KeatsD. Chaucer12. The allusion “A Pound of Flesh”comes from Shakespeare‘s ______.A. HamletB. The Merchant of VeniceC. King LearD. Othello13. At the turn of the 18th and 19th centuries ______ appeared in England as a new trend in literature.A. RenaissanceB. ReformationC. RomanticismD. Sentimentalism14. Of studies was written by ______.A. John Bunyan.B. John Donne.C. Francis Bacon.D. William Blake.15. Which of the following is the highest form of literary expression?A. Prose.B. Poetry.C. Novel.D. Speech.16. The 18th century in English literature is an age of ______.A. novelB. poemC. proseD. play17. Which of the following work tells how Satan rebelled against God and how Adam and Eve were driven out of Eden?A. Paradise LostB. Paradise Regained.C. L' ALLegro.D. Lycidas.18. Who is the creator and a great master of the historical novel?A. John Keats.B. Walter Scott.C. Jane Austen.D. Charles Lamb.19. Bunyan‘s most important work is ______, written in theold-fashioned, medieval form of allegory and dream.A. The FootprintB. On His BlindnessC. Vanity FairD. The Pilgrim's Progress20. Romanticism as a literary movement came into being in England early in the latter half the ______ century.A. 16thB. 17thC. 18thD. 19th21. The novel Oliver Twist was written by ______.A. Jane AustenB. John Keats C . Charles Dickens D. George Eliot22. In Anglo-Saxon period, “Beowulf”represented the ______poetry.A. paganB. religionsC. romanticD. sentimental23. The epoch of Renaissance witnessed a particular development of English drama. It was ______who made blank verse the principal vehicle of expression in drama.A. Christopher MarloweB. Thomas LodgeC. Edmund SpenserD. Thomas More24. At the beginning of the 16th century the outstanding humanist______wrote his Utopia in which he gave a profound and truthful picture of the people‘s suffering and put forward his ideal of a future happy society.A. Thomas MoreB. Thomas MarloweC. Francis BaconD. William Shakespeare25. Of the following plays ______ is not a comedy.A. A Midsummer Night‘s DreamB. The Merchant of V eniceC. Twelfth NightD. Romeo and Juliet26. The first poem in The lyrical Ballads is Coleridge‘s masterpieceA. Kubla KhanB. The PreludeC. The Rime of Ancient MarinerD. Tintern Abbey27.Dickens takes the French Revolution as the background of the novel______.A. A Tale of Two CitiesB. Great ExpectationsC. Hard TimesD. David Copperfield28. Chaucer was the first important poet of a royal court to write in ______ after the Norman Conquest.A. FrenchB. LatinC. EnglishD. Greek29. Beowulf was written in ______.A. Old EnglishB. Middle EnglishC. Early Modem EnglishD. French30. The English Renaissance period was an age of______.A. drama and novelB. poetry and dramaC. novel and poetryD. romance and poetry1---5 D C C D C 6-10 C B D B D11-15 B B C C B 16-20 C A B D C21-25 C A A A D 26-30 C A C A B。
英语30种修辞手法
以下是英语中常见的30种修辞手法：Alliteration（头韵）: 一组词以相同的辅音音素开头。
Assonance（音韵）: 一组词以相似的元音音素结尾或出现在词中。
Consonance（谐音）: 一组词以相似的辅音音素结尾或出现在词中。
Simile（明喻）: 使用"like"或"as"来进行比较，以明确两个不同的事物之间的相似之处。
Metaphor（隐喻）: 通过将一个事物或概念直接应用于另一个事物或概念来进行比喻。
Personification（拟人）: 赋予非人类事物或抽象概念人类的特征和行为。
Hyperbole（夸张法）: 通过夸大和放大来强调一个观点或形容事物。
Understatement（轻描淡写法）: 通过故意低估事物的重要性或程度来强调其效果。
Irony（讽刺）: 通过语言表达与实际意义相反或冲突的观点。
Paradox（矛盾）: 使用自相矛盾的语句来引起读者的思考和注意。
Oxymoron（矛盾修辞法）: 将两个相反的词或短语并列使用，形成矛盾的修辞效果。
Euphemism（委婉语）: 使用较为委婉的措辞来替代直接或冒犯性的表达。
Repetition（重复）: 在文章或诗歌中重复使用相同的词语或短语来强调观点。
Parallelism（排比）: 使用类似的语法结构或句式来强调一组观点。
Antithesis（对偶）: 在句子或短语中对立地表达两个相反的观点或概念。
Climax（递进）: 通过递进的方式将观点或事件按照重要性或程度进行排列。
Juxtaposition（并列）: 将两个不同的事物或观点放置在一起，以产生对比或突出效果。
Anaphora（回文）: 在连续的句子或短语中重复使用相同的词语或短语。
Epiphora（尾韵）: 在句子或短语的结尾重复使用相同的词语或短语。
Allusion（典故）: 引用文学、历史或文化中的人物、事件或作品来传达观点或增加文采。
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大学英语中常见的修辞手法1 明喻(Simile)明喻是一种最简单、最常见的修辞方法，是以两种具有共同特征的事物或现象进行对比，表明本体和喻体的关系，两者都在对比中出现，其基本格式是“A像B”，常用的比喻词有as, like, as if, as though等。
如果使用得当可以把深奥的道理说得通俗、浅显、明白，使人可见可感可悟，把简单的事物表达的更为形象更为生动。
例如：Like climbing a mountain, we struggle up three feet and fall back two.（正如爬山，我们费力爬上三英尺，又掉下去两英尺。
）(大学英语第一册第三单元课文B)I see also the dull, drilled, docile, brutish masses of the Hun soldiery blodding on like a swarm of crawling locusts.(丘吉尔在此使用了一个恰当的比喻，把德国士兵比作蝗虫，因为二者有着共同之处-传播毁灭。
)2 暗喻(the metaphor)暗喻也是一种比喻，但不用比喻词，因此被称作缩减了的明喻(a compressed simile)。
它是根据两个事物间的某些共同的特征，用一事物去暗示另一事物的比喻方式。
本体和喻体之间不用比喻词，只是在暗中打比方，从而更生动、更深刻地说明事理，增强语言的表现力。
例如：I will do anything I can to help him through life's dangerous sea.（我将全力帮助他穿越人生的惊涛骇浪。
）(第二册第三单元课文A)Consider that the same cultural soil producing the English language also nourished the great principles of freedom and right of man in the modern world.(想想吧，孕育英语的文化土壤也同样为当今世界培育了自由和人权准则。
)（大学英语第二册第七单元课文A）Each letter was a seed falling on a fertile heart. A romance was budding.（每一封信就像落在肥沃土地上的种子，浪漫之花含苞待放。
）(大学英语第一册地五单元课文A)3 转喻(the metonymy)转喻是通过相近的联想，借喻体代替本体。
转喻是比隐喻更进一步的比喻，它根本不说出本体事物，直接用比喻事物代替本体事物。
例如：The buses in America are on strike now.美国的公共汽车司机正在罢工（这里buses 喻指司机drivers)。
“Well,”said the doctor.“I will do all that science can accomplish. But whenever my patient begins to count the carriages in her funeral porcession I subtract 50 per cent from the curative power of medicines.”(“好吧，”医生说，“我会尽力做到科学能做到的，但每当我的病人开始数自己葬礼上的马车时，药物的疗效就会减掉一半。
”)（大学英语第三册第六单元课文A）4 夸张(the exaggeration)把事物的特征，有意地加以夸大或缩小，就叫夸张，即采用“言过其实”的说法，使事物的本质特征更好地呈现出来。
英语中夸张修辞格，应用极为频繁。
夸张的功能是突出事物的本质特征，因而给人强烈印象或警悟、启发。
例如：Most American remember Mark Twain as the father of Huck Finn's idyllic cruise through eternal boyhood and Tom Sawyer's endless summer of freedom and adventure.(在大多数美国人的心目中，马克.吐温是位伟大作家，他描写哈克.费恩永恒的童年时代中充满诗情画意的旅程和汤姆.索亚在漫长的夏日里自由自在历险探奇的故事。
)（eternal和endless都是夸张用语，表示哈克.费恩童年时期田园般的旅游和汤姆.索亚夏日里自由自在历险探奇的故事都已成为永恒不朽之作。
）5 拟人(the personifjcation)所谓拟人就是把无生命的事物当作有生命的事物来描写，赋予无生命之物以感情和动作或是把动物人格化。
例如：The first day of this term found me on my way to school, beautiful flowers smiling and lovely birds singing in the wood.(新学期第一天上学的路上,美丽的花儿在微笑,可爱的小鸟在林中歌唱.)（采用拟人化的修辞手法使句更为生动,表达更富情感.）The cold breath of autumn had blown away its leaves, leaving it almost bare.(萧瑟的秋风吹落了枝叶，藤上几乎是光秃秃的。
) （这里作者运用了拟人手法，将秋天比做人，秋天吹出的寒冷的呼吸就是秋风。
语言表达生动、有力，让人有身处其境的感觉）（大学英语第三册第六课课文A）6 反语(the irony)反语就是说反话，用反话来表达思想、观点、事物等等。
有的时候可以达到讽刺的意味。
例如：“What fine weather for an outing!”(计划了一个美好的出游却被一场大雨搅和了，于是出现了上面的这句话，通过反语达到讽刺的效果，从而更能够反映出当时的无奈与沮丧。
)7 头韵 (the alliteration )头韵即连续数个单词的头音或头字母相同，这种现象在英语中常见。
例如：I felt sick, and ever since then they have been testing and treating me.(打那时起，他们就一直不断地对我进行体检和治疗。
)（testing 和treating 用在这里是为了取得一种文字的音乐美的效果。
）Michael's dedication, determination and discipline was a coach's dream.(迈克尔的投入、执着、自律正是每个教练梦寐以求的。
)（作者在这里运用押头韵突出了主人公不达目的不罢休的决心。
）（大学英语第二册第五课课文A）8 矛盾修辞法(Oxymoron)所谓矛盾修辞法，就是把意思上回响矛盾互相排斥的词语紧密地联系在一起，来描述一个事物，或表达一种思想，说明一个道理，或寻求一个哲理。
，用这种方法，语言精炼简洁，富有哲理，并产生强大的逻辑力量，产生一种出人意料，引人入胜的效果。
A miserable, merry Christmas(悲喜交加的圣诞节)。
圣诞节那天，故事主人公小男孩经历了从痛苦的边缘到幸福的顶峰的过程。
因此，父母精心安排的圣诞节既是最糟的，又是最好的。
Such is the glorious messiness of English. That happy tolerance, that willingness to accept words from anyway, explains the richness of English and way it has become, to a very real extent, the first truly globallanguage.(由此一斑可见英语中绚丽多彩的杂乱无章现象。
这种乐于包容的精神，这种不管源自何方来者不拒的胸怀，恰好解释了英语何以会如此丰富，成为一个真正的全球语言。
)（大学英语第二册第七课课文B）9 双关语(pun)双关语(pun)是英语中一种常见的修辞手法.该修辞格巧妙利用词的谐音、词的多义或歧义等,使同一句话可同时表达不同意义,以造成语言生动活泼、幽默诙谐或嘲弄讥讽的修辞效果,使人读来忍俊不禁。
True Height (真正的高度) （height是一语双关，既指跳高横竿的高度，也指人生奋斗达到的目标。
）（大学英语第二册第五课文A）Hiroshima - the “Liveliest” City in Japan（广岛- 日本”最有活力”的城市） (作者将Liveliest 一词用引号引起来是有意表明，人们竟然把一个遭受过原子弹轰炸的城市说成是“做快活的”，真是莫大的讥讽，同时也是进行今昔对比，可谓是一语双关。
)修辞所追求的效果是语言表达得完美。
修辞格是达到此境界的重要方式之一。
要正确、恰当地运用修辞格，涉及的问题很多。
其中一个十分重要的问题是切勿忘记，语言的完美必然建筑在语言的正确、准确使用的基础上，因此修辞格的运用不仅必须以合乎语法规则为前提，还要以合乎逻辑──正确思维方法为前提英语修辞手法修辞现象分类罗列出来。
一、明喻（simile）是以两种具有相同特征的事物和现象进行对比，表明本体和喻体之间的相似关系，两者都在对比中出现。
常用比喻词like, as, as if, as though等，例如：１、This elephant is like a snake as anybody can see.这头象和任何人见到的一样像一条蛇。
２、He looked as if he had just stepped out of my book of fairytales and had passed me like a spirit.他看上去好像刚从我的童话故事书中走出来，像幽灵一样从我身旁走过去。
３、It has long leaves that sway in the wind like slim fingers reaching to touch something.它那长长的叶子在风中摆动，好像伸出纤细的手指去触摸什么东西似的。
二、隐喻（metaphor）这种比喻不通过比喻词进行，而是直接将用事物当作乙事物来描写，甲乙两事物之间的联系和相似之处是暗含的。
１、German guns and German planes rained down bombs, shells and bullets...德国人的枪炮和飞机将炸弹、炮弹和子弹像暴雨一样倾泻下来。