(完整版)人教版高一英语必修3宾语从句与表语从句详细讲解及练习

名词性从句

在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫做名词性从句。名词性从句的作用相当于名词，因此主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句分别作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。主语从句：Who will win the match is still unknown.

宾语从句：I want to know what he has told you.

表语从句：The fact is that we have lost the game.

同位语从句：The news that we won the game is exciting.

引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：

连接词(不充当从句的任何成分)：that ,whether ,if

连接代词：what, who, whom, whose, which, wh+ever

连接副词：when ,where ,how ,why

Object Clauses 宾语从句

一、宾语从句的概念：宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语。

位置：通常放在主句谓语动词（及物动词）或介词之后。

句子结构：主句+连词(引导词)+ 宾语从句

e.g. She asked if these answers were right.

We can learn what we do not know.

He will talk to us about what he saw in the U.S.A.

I don’t know where we will hold the meeting.

通过观察，我们可以知道宾语从句的语序用陈述语序：

连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分

1)Could you tell me______.

A. you will get here when

B. when will you get here

C. get here when you will

D. when you will get here

2) Mother asked his son what ______for lunch at school.

A. did he had

B. does he had

C. he has

D. he had

3) Pointing to the young plant, he asked me ____ that was the one we had seen in the picture.

A. what

B. if

C. where

D. how

二、连接词

1、从属连接词(不充当从句的任何成分)：that ,whether ,if

1）、I hear (that) he will be back in an hour.

2）、I want to know if /whether he will go to the park with us

用it做形式宾语的宾语从句时，it常可以放在动词think, find, consider, believe, feel, make等后作为形式宾语，而真正的宾语——that从句则放在句尾）（此时that一定不可以省略）

I think it necessary that you should read English aloud.

We heard it that she would get married next month.

3、that从句位于句首时，that不可省略。

That he ever said such a thing I simply don’t believe.

4、if 和Whether的区别

1）、由连词if、whether 引导的表示“是否…”的宾语从句。Whether,if 在从句中不做句子的成分，一般情况下，whether和if 可以替换。

例：I don’t know if/whether he will come tomorrow.

2）、下面几种情况只能用whether

①和不定式连(whether to do sth.)用作宾语时不用if引导.

例：Whether to go there hasn’t been decided.

They asked me whether to go shopping.

②宾语从句中有or not时不用if引导.

例：I don’t know whether the star will come or not.

③在介词后面的宾语从句中不用if引导

例：I’m thinking of whether we should go fishing.

④宾语从句提前时：

例：Whether this is true or not, I can’t say.

练习：1. I asked her _____________ she had a bike.

2. We’re worried about __________ he is safe.

3. I wonder ______________ he is well.

4. I don’t know ___________ or not he is well.

5. I don’t know __________ to go.

2、连接代词和连接副词

连接代词：what, who, whom, whose, which, wh+ever 连接副词：when ,where ,how ,why 因为连接代词或副词连接主句和从句，并在从句中担任句子成分，具有一定的意义，不可省略。

Do you know what he said just now?

I don’t remember when we arrived.

I asked him where I could get so much money.

Please tell me who (whom) we have to see.

1. Wang Hai told me _______ he didn't go hiking yesterday afternoon.（how, why）

2. Can you tell me ________ else is going to be on duty today?（who, whom）

3. He always thinks ______ he can do better.（how, who）

4. They don't know _________ we are going hiking. (when, what)