生化中英对照单词
常见生化项目方法学中英文对照
Analyte项目缩写项目名称methods方法学Protein Total PT总蛋白Biuret reaction end point双缩脲反应终点法Biuret reaction kinetic双缩脲反应动力学法Biuret reaction,CX4/5/7缩二脲反应,贝克曼CX4/5/7法Albumin ALB白蛋白Bromocresol Green溴甲酚绿法Bromocresol Purple溴甲酚紫Nephelometric Assays散射比浊分析法Turbidimetric透射比浊分析法Prealbumin PA前白蛋白Nephelometric(IFCC Cal.)散射比浊法(IFCC Cal.) Nephelometric(Non IFCC Cal.)散射比浊法(非IFCC Cal.) Turbidimetric(IFCC Cal.)透射比浊分析法(IFCC Cal.) Turbidimetric(Non IFCC Cal.)透射比浊分析法(非IFCC Cal.)Ischemia modifiedalbumin IMA缺血修饰白蛋白Albumin-Ancient combined withexperimental method白蛋白-古结合实验法Retinol BindingProtein RBP视黄醇结合蛋白Nephelometric(IFCC Cal.)散射比浊法(IFCC Cal.)Nephelometric(Non IFCC Cal.)散射比浊法(非IFCC Cal.)Ferritin FER铁蛋白Chemiluminescence化学发光法ELSIA ELSIAEnzyme lmmunoassay(Non IFCC Cal.)酶联免疫法(非IFCC Cal.)Immunofluorescence免疫荧光分析法Nephelometric散射比浊法Plarisation Fluoroimmunoassay极化荧光免疫分析法Radial Immunodiffusion放射免疫扩散分析法Turbidimetric(Non IFCC Cal.)透射比浊法(非IFCC Cal.) Turbidimetric(IFCC Cal.)透射比浊法(IFCC Cal.) Nephelometric(IFCC Cal.)散射比浊分析法(IFCC Cal.) Chemiluminescence(IFCC Cal.)化学发光法(IFCC Cal.) Chemiluminescence(Non IFCC Cal.)化学发光法(非IFCC Cal.)Transferrin TRF转铁蛋白ELISA ELISA法Nephelometric Assays散射比浊分析法Radial Immunodiffusion Assays放射免疫扩散分析法Turbidimetric Assays比浊法Nephelometric(IFCC Cal.)散射比浊法(IFCC Cal.) Nephelometric(Non IFCC Cal.)散射比浊法(非IFCC Cal.) Turbidimetric(IFCC Cal.)透射比浊分析法(IFCC Cal.) Turbidimetric(Non IFCC Cal.)透射比浊分析法(非IFCC Cal.)AFP AFP甲胎蛋白Chemiluminescence化学发光法Enzyme lmmunoassay酶联免疫法Immunofluorescence免疫荧光分析法Polarisation Fluoroimmunoassay极化荧光免疫分析法Turbidimetric透射比浊法hsCRP/C-Reactive HS-CRP超敏-C反Turbidimetric(Non IFCC Cal.)透射比浊法(非IFCC Cal.)Protein应蛋白Mitsubushi Chemical Pathfast 日本三菱Pathfast化学发光免疫分析系统vitros250、500、700干化学VITROS250、500、700 Nephelometric散射比浊法(IFCC Cal.) Radial Immunodiffusion放射免疫扩散分析法Vitros(IFCC Cal.)强生免疫分析系统Turbidimetric(IFCC Cal.)透射比浊法(IFCC Cal.) Nephelometric(Non IFCC Cal.)散射比浊法(非IFCC Cal.)Glucose GLU葡萄糖Hexokinase己糖激酶法Glucose dehydrogenase葡萄糖脱氢酶法Glucose oxidase葡萄糖氧化酶法GOD/02-Beckman method Beckman模式,氧化酶法Oxygen electrode氧电极法Glycated hemoglobin HbA1c糖化血红蛋白A1Enzymatic酶法GlycatedAlbuminGA/GSP糖化白蛋白Enzymatic(KAOD-POD)酶法(糖化氨基氧化酶-过氧化物酶)Total BileAcidsTBA总胆汁酸Enzymatic Colorimetric酶法(循环酶法)Homocysteine HCY 同型半胱氨酸Siemens Advia Centaur西门子拜耳化学发光免疫分析系统Enzymatic酶法Siemens Immulite2000西门子Immulite2000化学分析仪Lactate LAC乳酸Colorimetric Lactate Oxidase乳酸氧化酶比色法Sialic acid SA唾液酸Enzymatic 酶法(N-乙酰神经氨酸醛缩酶-乳酸脱氢酶)BilirubinTotal TB-VA总胆红素Diazo with Dichloroaniline(DCA)(DCA法)二氯苯胺重氮盐法、DPD法Vanadate oxidation method钒酸盐氧化法Bilirubin oxidase酶法Diazo with sulfanilic acid重氮基对氨基苯磺酸法Bilirubin Direct DB-VA直接胆红素Diazo with Dichloroaniline(DCA)(DCA法)二氯苯胺重氮盐法、DPD法Bilirubin oxidase酶法Vanadate oxidation method钒酸盐氧化法Diazo with sulfanilic acid重氮基对氨基苯磺酸法Vitros conjugared from BUBC Vitros BUBC偶合法Roche JG factored Roche JG因子法Cholesterol TC总胆固醇Cholesterol Oxidase(CHOD-PAP)胆固醇过氧化酶法Dimension-Dade Behring Dade Behring试剂法Triglycerides TG甘油三酯Lipase/GPO-PAP no correction脂肪酶/甘油磷酸脂氧化酶-过氧化物酶比色无甘油校正Lipase/GK UV no correction脂肪酶/葡萄糖激酶-脲酶比色法无甘油校正Lipase/GPO-PAP‘free glycerol blank’脂肪酶/甘油磷酸脂氧化酶-过氧化物酶比色去甘油空白L/G KinaseEP.correction脂肪酶/甘油激酶,无甘油校正L/G KinaseEP.‘freeglycerol blank’脂肪酶/甘油激酶,去甘油空白L/G KinaseEP.with10g/dl correction 脂肪酶/甘油激酶紫外法,10g/dl甘油校正法Lipase/Glycerol Dehydrogenase脂肪酶/甘油脱氢酶法Bicarbonate CO2二氧化碳Enzymatic酶法Manometric压力计法Colorimetric比色法Differential rate pH change pH值变化速率法In selective electrode离子选择电极法(ISE)Urea UREA尿素Urease kinetic(UV-GLDH)尿素酶动力学法(谷氨酸脱氢酶)BUN尿素氮(分子量不一样)Beckman-Conductivity Beckman-Conductivity法Urease,conductivity尿素酶conductivity法Urease,hypochlorite尿素酶,次氯酸盐法Urease,end point尿素酶,终点法Uric Acid (Urate)UA尿酸Uricase peroxidase noascorbate oxidase尿酸酶-过氧化物酶法不含抗坏血酸氧化酶Enzyme coupling酶偶联法uricase perox withascorb.ox@546nm546nm尿酸酶-过氧化物酶法含有抗坏血酸氧化酶Uricase,methods还原法Uricase catalase340nm尿酸酶,过氧化氢酶,340nmUricase peroxidase withascorbate oxidase尿酸酶-过氧化物酶法含抗坏血酸氧化酶Creatinine CREA肌酐Alkaline picrate nodeproteinization苦味酸法不去蛋白Roche Creatinine Plus罗氏肌酐plus法Jaffe rate blanked碱性苦味酸空白速率法Jaffe rate blankedcomp.(-26µmol/l)碱性苦味酸空白速率补偿法(-26µmol/l)Jaffe rate blanked compensated(-18µmol/l)碱性苦味酸空白速率补偿法(-18µmol/l)IDMS traceable同位素稀释质谱法Creatinine PAP method肌酐PAP法Randox Enzymatic UV method朗道脲酶UV法Cystatin CYS-C光抑素-C Immunoturbidimetric免疫比浊法Latex enhancedturbidimetric method胶乳增强免疫比浊法Beta2 microglobulin B2-MGB2-微球蛋白Nephelometric(IFCC Cal.)散射比浊法(IFCC Cal.)Nephelometric(Non IFCC Cal.)散射比浊法(非IFCC Cal.)Turbidimetric(IFCC Cal.)透射比浊分析法(IFCC Cal.)Turbidimetric(Non IFCC Cal.)透射比浊分析法(非IFCC Cal.) Randox Immunoturbidimetric朗道免疫比浊法Calcium Ca血清钙Cresolphthalein complexone甲酚酞氨缩洛合剂法Ion selective electrode离子选择电机(ISE)法Arsenazo III偶氮胂III法Methylthymol blue甲基百里酚蓝法Phosphate Inorganic P无机磷Phosphomolybdate UV磷钼酸盐VU法Phosphomolybdate Enzymatic磷钼酸盐酶法Potassium K血清钾ISE method-direct直接离子选择电极法ISE method-indirect间接离子选择电极法Enzymatic酶法Flame photometry火焰分光光度法Sodium Na血清钠ISE method-direct直接离子选择电极法ISE method-indirect间接离子选择电极法Enzymatic酶法Flame photometry火焰分光光度法Colorimetric with ppt比色法(含ppt)Colorimetric without ppt比色法(不含ppt)Iron Fe铁Colorimetric with ppt.比色法(含ppt)Colorimetric without ppt比色法(不含ppt)zinc Zn锌Atomic absorptio原子吸收法Colorimetric withdeproteinisation比色法,去蛋白法Magnesium Mg镁Arsenazo III偶氮胂III法Calmagite Calmagite(钙镁)双试剂法Methylthymol blue甲基麝香草酚蓝法Chlorphosphonazo III氨基磷氮化合物III法xylidyl blue二甲苯胺蓝法Atomic absorptio原子吸收法Chloride Cl氯ISE indirect间接离子选择电极法ISE method-direct直接离子选择电极法Colorimetric比色法Titrimetric滴定法Lithium Li锂Ion selective electrode离子选择电机(ISE)法Flame photometry火焰分光光度法Spectropotometric分光光度法Colorimetric比色法Copper Cu血铜Colorimetric比色法Atomic absorptio原子吸收法Acid PhosphataseTotal ACP总酸性磷酸酶1-Naphthyl Phosphate substrateKinetic37°C1-赖基磷酸底物动力学法37°C1-Naphthyl Phosphate,KineticwithPentane diol Activation37°C 1-赖基磷酸动力学戊二醇活化方法37°CP-Naphthyl phos substrate pNP底物法Thymolphthahein phos substrate磷酸麝香草酚酞底物法Naphthyl phos.substrate1-赖基磷酸底物终点法Acid Phosphatase P-ACP 前列腺酸性磷酸酶1-Naphthyl Phosphate substrateKinetic37°C1-赖基磷酸底物动力学法37°C1-Naphthyl Phosphate,KineticwithPentanediol Activation37°C1-赖基磷酸动力学戊二醇活化方法37°CP-Naphthyl phos substrate pNP底物法Naphthyl phos.substrate1-赖基磷酸底物终点法Thymolphthahein phos substrate磷酸麝香草酚酞底物法Alkaline Phosphatase ALP碱性磷酸酶AMP optimised to IFCC37°C AMP法,IFCC优化法Diethanolamine buffer DEA37°C EDA法AMP optimised to NVKC/SFBC37°CAMP法,NVKC/SFBC优化法AMP non-optimsed37°C AMP法,未优化AMP Reduced interference AMP法,清除干扰Tris/carbonate buffer Tris/碳酸盐缓冲液法Roche Integra,AMPbuffer罗氏IntegraAMP方法Dade Dimension,AMP buffer DADE AMP法ALT(GPT)ALT谷丙转氨酶Tris buffer no P5PIFCC/SFBC37°CIFCC/SFBC,缓冲液,不含P5P法Colorimetric比色法Dade Demsion,IFCC DADE IFCC法Tris buffer with P5PIFCC/SFBC37°CIFCC/SFBC,缓冲液,含P5P法Posphate buffer,DGKC DGKC磷酸缓冲液法Tris buffer,SCE SCE,Tirs缓冲液法Tris buffer with P5P,NVKC NVKC,Tirs缓冲液,含P5P法AST(GOT)AST谷草转氨酶Tris buffer no P5PIFCC/SFBC37°CIFCC/SFBC,缓冲液,不含P5P法Tris buffer with P5PIFCC/SFBC38°CIFCC/SFBC,缓冲液,含P6P法Colorimetric比色法Dade Dimension,IFCC DADE IFCC法Phosphate buffer,DGKC DGKC磷酸缓冲液法Tris buffer with P5P,NVKC NVKC,Tirs缓冲液,含P5P法CK Total CK肌酸激酶CK-NAC substrate start(DGKC)37°CDGKC法,样本启动CK-NAC(IFCC)37°C IFCC法Monothioglycerol37°C硫代甘油底物法Dithioerythritol37°C硫代赤藻糖醇底物法Dithioerythritol(DTE)IFCCcorrelated37°C硫代赤藻糖醇底物37°C,IFCC法gamma-GT GGT γ-谷氨酰基转移酶Gamma glutamyl.-3-carboxy-4-nitroanilide37°Cγ-谷氨酰基-3-羧基-4-硝基苯胺底物法GammaGlutamyl-3-Carboxy-4-nitroanilide(IFCC)37°Cγ-谷氨酰基-3-羧基-5-硝基苯胺底物IFCC法DCL gamma glutamyl-3-carboxy-4-nitroanilide37°CDCLγ-谷氨酰基-3-羧基-4-硝基苯胺底物法Dade Dimension(IFCC)DADE IFCC法GLDH GLDH 谷氨酸脱氢酶Triethanolamine buffer50mmol三乙醇胺缓冲液,50mmol/LLD(LDH)LDH乳酸脱氢酶L->P37°C L→P法L->P IFCC37°C L→P IFCC法Lactate to Pyruvate methods罗氏,L→P法P to L Scandinavian&Dutch斯堪的纳维亚及荷兰地区方法P→L法Pyruvate1.4mM-BeckmanLD-P贝克曼1.4mM丙酮酸底物法P to L German methods L→P,DGKCLipase Lipase脂肪酶Other Colorimetric37°C其他比色法Colorimetric,Randox朗道比色法Colorimetric,Beckman贝克曼比色法Colorimetric,Sigma Sigma比色法Turbidimetric without colipase比浊法Titrimetric滴定法Randox Turbidimetricwith colipase朗道比浊法LAP LAP 亮氨酸氨基肽酶NAGEL NAGEL法5-Nucleotidase5-NT55-核糖核苷酸水解酶Enzyme rate method酶速率法AdenosinedeaminaseADA腺苷脱氨酶Enzymatic酶法a-L-fucus glycosidase AFUa-岩藻糖苷酶CNPF rate method CNPF速率法a-HBDH a-HBDH a-羟丁酸脱氢酶Oxobutyrate<10mmol/l37°C氧络丁酸<10mmol/lOxobutyrate<10mmol/l30°C氧络丁酸<10mmol/lOxobutyrate<10mmol/l25°C氧络丁酸<10mmol/lAmylase Pancreatic P-AMY胰淀粉酶Roche liquid stablepNPG737°C罗氏pNPG7底物液体试剂Randox liquid stablepNPG737°C朗道pNPG8底物液体试剂Immunoturbition,EPS substrate EPS底物免疫抑制法Amylase Total AMY a-淀粉酶Roche liquid stablepNPG737°C罗氏pNPG9底物液体试剂Randox liquid stablepNPG737°C朗道pNPG10底物液体试剂Olympus-blocked pNPG7奥林巴斯阻断pNPG7法Beckman AS-dyed amyylopectin Beckman AS染料法M.A.S.-blocked pNPG7MAS阻断pNPG7法Saccharogeic戊聚糖底物法Beckman maltoteraose贝克曼3聚麦芽糖底物Bayer-maltopenta/hexaoside拜耳麦芽五糖底物法Roche integra2-chloro-pNPG7罗氏integra,2-氯-pNPG链底物Cholinesterase CHE胆碱酯酶Colorimetric Butyrylthiocholine37°C硫代丁酰胆碱比色法CK-MB Mass CK-MB 肌酸激酶同工酶Abbott Architect雅培免疫分析系统Siemens Advia Centaur西门子免疫分析法Roche Elecsys Modular E170Cobas6000/e411罗氏电化学发光Beckman Coulter Access贝克曼自动化学发光法BioMerieux Vidas BioMerieux Vidas免疫系统Mitsubushi Chemical Pathfast日本三菱Pathfast化学发光免疫分析系统Siemens Immulite2000西门子Immulite2000化学分析仪法Biosite Triage Meter美国博适D-Dimer D-D D二聚体Biosite Triage Meter美国博适BioMerieux Vidas BioMerieux Vidas免疫系统Siemens Immulite2000西门子Immulite2000化学分析仪法Mitsubushi Chemical Pathfast日本三菱Pathfast化学发光免疫分析系统Apolipoprotein A1APOA1载脂蛋白A1Immunoturbidimetric免疫比浊分析法Nephelometric散射比浊分析法Radial Immunoturbidimetric放射免疫扩散分析法RIA assays RIA分析法Apolipoprotein B APOB载脂蛋白B Nephelometric散射比浊分析法Immunoturbidimetric免疫比浊分析法Radial Immunoturbidimetric放射免疫扩散分析法RIA assays RIA分析法Apolipoprotein E APOE载脂蛋白E Immunoturbidimetric免疫比浊法HDL-Cholesterol HDL-C 高密度脂蛋白胆固醇Direct Clearance Method直接清除法Phosphotungstic acid pptn磷钨酸沉淀法Direct HDL Immunoseparation直接清除法,免疫抑制法Direct HDL PEGME直接清除法PEG修饰法Direct HDL PPD直接清除法PPD法Direct HDL Roche3rd generation直接清除法,罗氏第三代LDL-Cholesterol LDL-C 低密度脂蛋白胆固醇Direct Clearance Method直接清除法Selective detergent methods选择性的洗涤方法Lipoprotein(a)L(a)脂蛋白(a)Immunoturbidimetric免疫比浊分析法Anti Streptolysin O ASO抗链球菌溶血素OTurbidimetric(IFCC Cal.)透射免疫比浊法(IFCC Cal.)Neph.Beckman(IFCC Cal.)贝克曼散射比浊法Neph.Behring(Non IFCC Cal.)德灵散射比浊法(非IFCC Cal.)Neph.Behring(IFCC Cal.)德灵散射比浊法(IFCC Cal.)Rheumatoid Factor RF类风湿因子Turbidimetric(IFCC Cal.)透射比浊法(IFCC Cal.) Turbidimetric(Non IFCC Cal.)透射比浊法(非IFCC Cal.) Behring Nephelometer德灵散射比浊法Neph.Beckman(IFCC Cal.)贝克曼散射比浊法Randox ImmunoturbidimetricRealigned朗道免疫比浊法(调整)Randox Immunoturbidimetric朗道免疫比浊法ComplementC3C3补体C3Nephelometric(IFCC Cal.)散射比浊分析法(IFCC Cal.) Radial Immunodiffuxion放射免疫扩散分析法Turbidimetric(IFCC Cal.)透射比浊法(IFCC Cal.) Turbidimetric(Non IFCC Cal.)透射比浊法(非IFCC Cal.) Nephelometric(Non IFCC Cal.)散射比浊分析法(非IFCC Cal.) Vitros5.1FS microtip assay强生5.1FS自动化学分析ComplementC4C4补体C4Nephelometric(IFCC Cal.)散射比浊分析法(IFCC Cal.) Radial Immunodiffuxion放射免疫扩散分析法Turbidimetric(IFCC Cal.)透射比浊法(IFCC Cal.) Turbidimetric(Non IFCC Cal.)透射比浊法(非IFCC Cal.) Nephelometric(Non IFCC Cal.)散射比浊分析法(非IFCC Cal.) Vitros5.1FS microtip assay强生5.1FS自动化学分析Immunoglobulin E E 免疫球蛋白EChemiluminescence化学发光法ELSIA ELSIAEnzyme lmmunoassay酶联免疫法Fluorimetric荧光计法Nephelometric散射比浊法Radial ImmunoturbidimetricAssays放射免疫扩散分析法RIA assays RIA法Turbidimetric透射比浊法Turbidimetric(Non IFCC Cal.)透射比浊法(非IFCC Cal.)Nephelometric(Non IFCC Cal.)散射比浊分析法(非IFCC Cal.)Chemiluminescence(Non IFCC Cal.)化学发光法(非IFCC Cal.)Immunoglobulin G IgG 免疫球蛋白GImmunoturbidimetric免疫比浊分析法Nephelometric Assays散射比浊法Radial ImmunoturbidimetricAssays放射免疫扩散分析法Vitros5.1FS Microtip(IFCC)强生5.1FS自动化学分析(IFCC)Nephelometric(IFCC Cal.)散射比浊法(IFCC Cal.)Nephelometric(Non IFCC Cal.)散射比浊法(非IFCC Cal.)Turbidimetric(IFCC Cal.)透射比浊分析法(IFCC Cal.)Turbidimetric(Non IFCC Cal.)透射比浊分析法(非IFCC Cal.)Immunoglobulin M IgM 免疫球蛋白MImmunoturbidimetric免疫比浊分析法Nephelometric Assays散射比浊法Radial ImmunoturbidimetricAssays放射免疫扩散分析法Nephelometric(IFCC Cal.)散射比浊法(IFCC Cal.)Nephelometric(Non IFCC Cal.)散射比浊法(非IFCC Cal.)Turbidimetric(IFCC Cal.)透射比浊分析法(IFCC Cal.)Turbidimetric(Non IFCC Cal.)透射比浊分析法(非IFCC Cal.)Vitros5.1FS Microtip(IFCC)强生5.1FS自动化学分析(IFCC)Immunoglobulin A IgA 免疫球蛋白AImmunoturbidimetric免疫比浊分析法Nephelometric Assays散射比浊法Radial ImmunoturbidimetricAssays放射免疫扩散分析法Vitros5.1FS Microtip(IFCC)强生5.1FS自动化学分析(IFCC)Nephelometric(IFCC Cal.)散射比浊法(IFCC Cal.)Nephelometric(Non IFCC Cal.)散射比浊法(非IFCC Cal.)Turbidimetric(IFCC Cal.)透射比浊分析法(IFCC Cal.)Turbidimetric(Non IFCC Cal.)透射比浊分析法(非IFCC Cal.)。
化验指标中英文对应
1.血常规:
WBC=白细胞N=中性粒细胞计数RBC=红细胞Hb=血红蛋白HCT=红细胞压积PLT=血小板
2.凝血常规:
PT=凝血酶原时间PA=凝血酶原时间活动度
PT-INR=凝血酶原时间比率APTT=活化部分凝血活酶时间APTT-R=活化部分凝血酶比率TT=凝血酶时间FIB=纤维蛋白原AT-III=抗凝血酶III
3生化/肝肾功:
TP=总蛋白ALB=白蛋白GLB=球蛋白A/G=白/球TBIL=总胆红素DBIL=直接胆红素IBIL=间接胆红素ALT=谷丙转氨酶
AST=谷草转氨酶GGT=γ-谷氨酰转肽酶ALP=碱性磷酸酶
TBA=血清总胆汁酸ADA=腺苷脱氨酶GLU=葡萄糖
BUN=尿素氮CREA=肌酐UA=尿酸BMG=微球蛋白
LDH=乳酸脱氢酶LAP=亮氨酸氨基肽酶TG=甘油三酯
CHO=胆固醇LDL=低密度脂蛋白。
生化词汇
生物化学词汇——汉英对照A,癌基因, oncogene艾滋病, acquired immuno-deficiency syndrome,AIDS氨喋呤, anminopterin氨基甲酰磷酸合成酶Ⅰ, carbamoyl phosphate synthetase Ⅰ, CPS-Ⅰ氨基末端, amino terminal氨基酸, amino acid氨基酸接纳茎, acceptor stem氨基酸序列, amino acid sequenceδ-氨基-γ-酮戊酸, δ—aminolevulinic acid,ALA氨基酰-tRNA合成酶, aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase氨基酰位, aminoacyl site氨基转移酶, aminotransferase氨甲喋呤, methotrexate, MTX氨肽酶,氨基肽酶, aminopeptidase胺氧化酶, amine oxidaseB巴士德Pastuer靶细胞target cell白化病albinism白三烯leukotrienes,LTs摆动性wobble斑点印迹bot blotting半保留复制semi-conservative replication 半不连续复制semi-discontinuous replication 半胱氨酸cysteine半乳糖galactose, Gal伴侣素chaperonins包涵体inclusion body胞苷cytidine胞嘧啶cytosine,C胞质小RNA small cytoplasmic RNA,scRNA 保守性转座conservative transposition苯丙氨酸羟化酶phenylalanine hydroxylase苯酮酸尿症phenyl ketonuria, PKU吡哆胺pyridoxamine吡哆醇pyridoxine吡哆醛pyridoxal必需氨基酸essential amino acid必需基团essential group必需激活剂essential activator编码链coding strand变构部位allosteric site变构调节allosteric regulation变构激活剂allosteric activator变构酶allosteric enzyme变构效应allosteric effect变构效应剂allosteric effector变构抑制剂allosteric inhibitor变性denaturation变性梯度胶电泳denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis, DGGE辨认位点recognition site标志补救marker rescue表达载体expression vector表构酶epimerase表观Km值apparent Km表面效应surface effect别嘌呤醇allopurinol丙氨酸-葡萄糖循环alanine-glucose cycle丙酮acetone丙酮酸pyruvate丙酮酸激酶pyruvate kinase丙酮酸羧化酶pyruvate carboxylase病毒癌基因virus oncogene,v-onc卟啉症porphyria补救合成途径salvage pathway不对称转录asymmetric transcription不可逆性抑制作用irreversible inhibitionC参入incorporation残基residue残粒remnant操纵序列operator操纵子operon侧翼区flanking region层析chromatography层粘连蛋白laminin,Ln插入insertion插入序列insertion sequences, IS长末端重复序列long terminal repeat, LTR长萜醇dolichol肠肝循环bilinogen enterohepatic circulation,enterohepatic circulation 超螺旋结构superhelix, supercoil超敏位点hypersensitive site超速离心ultra-centrifuge超速离心法ultracentrifugation超氧物歧化酶superoxide dismutase, SOD沉降系数sedimentation coefficient,S成肽peptide bond formation初级胆汁酸primary bile acids初级转录产物primary transcripts储脂细胞lipocyte串联酶tandem enzyme锤头结构hammerbead structure醇脱氢酶alcohol dehydrogenase, ADH次黄核苷inosine,I次黄嘌呤inosine次黄嘌呤核苷酸inosine monphosphate, IMP次黄嘌呤核苷酸转移酶adenine phosphoribosyl transferase, APRT次级胆汁酸secondary bile acids从头合成途径de novo synthesis促红细胞生成素erythropoietin,EPO催化基团catalytic group催化型受体catalytic receptor催化性DNA DNAzyme催化性RNA catalytic RNA催化性小RNA small catalytic RNA脆性X综合征fragile X syndrome脆性位点fragile site错配mismatchD大沟major groove代谢库metabolic pool单胺氧化酶monoamine oxidase, MAO单纯酶simple enzyme单核苷酸多态性single nucleotide polymorphisms, SNPs单链DNA结合蛋白single stranded DNA binding protein, SSB单链构象多态性single strand conformation polymorphism, SSCP 单顺反子monocistron单体酶monomeric enzyme胆chole胆钙化醇cholecalciferol胆固醇cholesterol胆固醇7a-羟化酶cholesterol 7a-hydroxylase胆固醇流出调节蛋白cholesterol-efflux regulatory protein, CERP 胆固醇酯酶cholesteryl esterase胆红素bilirubin胆红素脑病bilirubin encephalopathy胆碱choline胆碱酯酶choline esterase胆绿素biliverdin胆绿素还原酶biliverdin reductase胆囊胆汁gallbladder bile胆色素bile pigment胆色素原prophobilinogen,PBG胆素bilin胆素原bilinogen胆酸cholic acid胆盐bile salts胆汁bile胆汁酸bile acids弹性蛋白酶elastase蛋白二硫键异构酶protein disulfide isomerase,PDI蛋白激酶C protein kinase C, PKC蛋白聚糖proteoglycan蛋白聚糖聚合物aggrecan蛋白磷酸酶protein phophatase蛋白酶protease蛋白酶体proteasome,proteosome蛋白质protein蛋白质表达protein expression蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用protein-protein interaction蛋白质的靶向输送protein targeting蛋白质的凝固作用protein coagulation蛋白质数据库protein databasesDNA-蛋白质相互作用DNA-protein interaction蛋白质芯片protein chip蛋白质印迹技术Western blotting蛋白质转换protein turnover蛋白质组proteome蛋白质组学Proteomics氮平衡nitrogen balance倒位酶invertase等电点isoelectric point,pI等位基因特异寡核苷酸 allele-specific ologonucleotide,ASO低血糖diabetes mellitus低血糖症hypoglycemia底物substrate底物水平磷酸化substrate-level phosphorylation底物循环substrate cycle地心引力gravity第二信使secondary messenger点突变point mutation电穿孔electroporation电喷雾质谱electrospray ionization mass spectrometry,ESI-MS 电泳electrophoresis电子传递链electron transfer chain淀粉starchα-淀粉酶α-amylase凋亡apoptosis调节部位regulatory site调节酶regulatory enzymes调节子regulon定位候选基因克隆策略 positional candidate gene approaches定位克隆positional cloning定向排列orientation arrange杜氏肌营养不良症duchenne muscular dystrophy,DMD端粒telomere端粒酶RNA human telomerase RNA,hTR端粒酶逆转录酶human telomerase reverse transcriptase,hTRT端粒酶协同蛋白1 human telomerase associated protein 1,hTP1短串联重复序列short tandem repeat断裂基因splite gene钝性未端blunt end多胺polyamines多巴胺dopamine多不饱和脂酸polyunsaturated fatty acid多功能酶multifunctional enzyme多核糖体polyribosome多接头克隆位点polylinker cloning sites多聚核蛋白体polysome多聚核苷酸polynucleotides多聚体polymer多聚脱氧核苷酸polydeoxynucleotides多酶体系multienzyme system多顺反子polycistron多顺反子mRNA polycistronic mRNA多态性polymorphism多肽polypeptide多肽链polypeptide chain多样性片段diversity segment多元催化multielement catalysisE鹅膏蕈碱 amanitin鹅脱氧胆酸chenodeoxycholic acid儿茶酚胺 catecholamine二次转酯反应 twice transesterification二级结构 secondary structure二甲基丙烯焦磷酸3,3-dimethylallyl pyrophosphate, DPP二聚化dimerization二聚体dimer二氢叶酸合成酶dihydrofolic acid synthetase二氢叶酸还原酶 dihydrofolate reductase二巯基丙醇British anti-Lewisite,proteosome, BAL二十二碳六烯酸docosahexaenoic acid, DHA二十碳五烯酸eicosapentaenoic acid, EPA二肽酶dipeptidase二硝基苯酚dinitrophenol,DNPF发夹hairpin翻译起始复合物translational initiation complex反基因策略antigene strategy反竞争性抑制作用uncompetitive inhibition反密码子anticodon反式trans反式作用因子trans-acting factor反烯酰CoA异构酶trans enoyl-CoA isomerase反义寡核苷酸antioligonucleotide反转录PCR reverse transcription PCR,RT-PCR反转重复序列inverted repeat泛醌ubiquinone泛素ubiquitin泛素化ubiquuitination泛酸pantothenic acid非mRNA小RNA small non-messenger RNA,snmRNAs非必需氨基酸non-essencial amino acid非必需激活剂non-essential activator非蛋白氮non-protein nitrogen, NPN非定位候选基因克隆策略 position-independent candidate gene approaches非竞争性抑制作用non-competitive inhibition RNA分化加工differential RNA processing分节基因segmentation genes分解代谢阻遏catabolic repression分解物基因激活蛋白catabolite gene activation protein, CAP 分支酶debranching enzyme分支移动branch migration分子伴侣chaperon,molecular chaperon分子克隆molecular clone分子医学molecular medicine粉蝶霉素A piericidin A粉液化芽苞杆菌bacillus amyloliguefaciens粪卟啉原III coproporphyrinogen III,CPGIII粪胆素stercobilin,l-urobilin粪胆素原stercobilinogen,l-urobilinogen丰富基因redundant gene佛波酯phorbol ester5-氟尿嘧啶5-fluorouracil, 5-fu脯氨酸富含域proline-rich domain辅基prosthetic group辅酶coenzyme辅酶I NAD+辅酶II NADP+辅酶Q coenzyme Q,CoQ辅脂酶colipase辅助因子cofactor辅助因子Fis factor for inversion stimulation 辅阻遏剂corepressor腐败作用putrefaction负超螺旋negative supercoil负碳离子carbanion复合体complex复合体Ⅴcomplex V复性renaturation复制replication复制酶replicase复制体replisome复制性转座duplicative transposition复制因子replication factor,RF复制子replicon富含AT AT richG钙调蛋白calmodulin CaM干扰RNA interference RNA,RNAiRNA干涉RNA interference,RNAi甘氨胆酸glycocholic acid甘氨鹅脱氧胆酸glycochenodeoxycholic acid甘露糖mannose, Man甘油激酶glycerokinase甘油磷脂phosphoglycerides甘油三酯triglyceride2-甘油一酯2-monoglyceride肝胆红素hepatobilirubin肝胆汁hepatic bile肝素heparin肝细胞性黄疸hepatocellular jaundice感染infection感受态细胞competent cell岡崎片段Okazaki fragment高保真性high fidelity高脂蛋白血症hyperlipoproteinemia高脂血症hyperlipidemia功能互补实验functional complementation assay功能基因组学functional genomics功能克隆functional cloning共价修饰covalent modification共同的偶配体SMADs common-partner-SMAD,Co-SMADs共有序列consensus sequence谷氨酰胺合成酶glutamine synthetase谷氨酰胺酶glutaminase谷丙转氨酶glutamic pyruvic transaminase, GPT, ALT谷草转氨酶glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, GOT, ASTβ-谷固醇β-sitosterol谷胱甘肽glutathione, GSH谷胱甘肽S-环氧化物转移酶glutathione S-epoxidetransferase 骨形态发生蛋白bone morphogenetic protein,BMPs钴胺素cobalamin钴胺素I transcobalamin I, TC I固醇sterol固醇载体蛋白sterol carrier protein, SCP固定化酶immobilized enzyme寡核苷酸点阵oligonucleotide arrays寡核苷酸微芯片oligonucleotide micro-chip寡核苷酸杂交分析oligonucleotide hybridization analysis寡聚酶oligomeric enzyme寡霉素oligomycin寡肽oligopeptide寡肽酶oligopeptidase关键酶key enzymes管家基因housekeeping gene光修复light repairing光修复酶photolyase胱甘肽S-转移酶glutathione S-transferase滚环复制rolling circle replication6-果糖双磷酸酶-2 6-phosphofructokinase-2果糖双磷酸酶-2 fructose biphosphatase-2过渡态transition state过氧化酶体peroxisomes过氧化氢酶catalase,peroxidaseHALA合酶ALA synthaseATP合酶ATP synthase核磁共振技术nuclear magnetic resonance, NMR核蛋白nuclear protein核蛋白体RNA ribosomal RNA,rRNA核蛋白体蛋白质ribosomal protein,rp核蛋白体结合位点ribosomal binding site, RBS核蛋白体循环ribosomal cycle核定位信号nuclear localization signal, NLS核定位序列nuclear localization sequence,NLS核苷 ribonucleoside核苷二磷酸nucleoside diphosphate,NDP核苷三磷酸nucleoside triphosphate,NTP核苷酸nucleotide核苷一磷酸nucleoside monophosphate,NMP核黄素riboflavin核酶 ribozyme核内不均一RNA heterogeneous nuclear RNA,hnRNA 核内小分子RNA small nuclear RNA,snRNA核仁小分子RNA small nucleolar RNA,snoRNA核输入因子nuclear importin核酸 nucleic acid核酸内切酶endonuclease核酸外切酶exonuclease核糖核苷酸ribonucleotide核糖核酸ribonucleic acid,RNA核糖体ribosome核小体nucleosome核心颗粒core particle核心酶core enzyme核因子κB nuclear factor-κB, NF-κBPribnow盒Pribnow box黑色素melanin亨丁顿舞蹈病Huntington disease恒定片段constant segment后基因组计划post-Human Genome Project, PHGP呼吸控制率respiratory control ratio, RCR呼吸链respiratory chainb-胡萝卜素b-carotene琥珀酸CoA succinyl CoA琥珀酸CoA合成酶succinyl-CoA synthetase琥珀酸脱氢酶succinate dehydrogenasea互补alpha complementation互补 complementary互补的单链DNA complementary DNA花生四烯酸arachidonic acid化学渗透假说chemiosmotic hypothesis化学修饰chemical modificationHMG CoA还原酶HMG CoA reductase环loop环丁基环cyclobutane ringD-环复制D-loop replication缓激肽bradykinin黄疸 jaundice黄嘌呤氧化酶xanthosine oxidase黄素单核苷酸flavin mononucleotide, FMN黄素蛋白flavoprotein黄素腺嘌呤二核苷酸flavin adenine dinucleotide, FAD恢复 rescue回文结构palindrome混合功能氧化酶mixed-function oxidase混合微团mixed micelles活化能activation energy活化素activin活性部位active site活性区activation domain,AD活性中心active center获得性突变gain-of-function mutationJ肌酸creatine肌酸酐creatinine肌酸激酶creatine kinase, CK肌营养不良蛋白dystrophin基本重组general recombination基本转录因子general transcription factors基底层bacal laminae基膜baxal lamina基因gene基因靶向gene targeting基因沉默因子silencing factor基因工程genetic engineering基因间隔gene spacer基因矫正gene correction基因克隆gene cloning基因疗法gene therapeutics基因敲除gene knock-out基因失活gene inactivation,loss-of-function mutations 基因文库gene library基因芯片gene chip基因芯片点阵genechip arrays基因增补gene augmentation基因诊断gene diagnosis基因治疗gene therapy基因置换gene replacement基因重组genetic recombination基因转移gene transfer基因族gene family基因组genome,genomics基因组DNA genomic DNA基因组DNA文库genomic DNA library基因作图genetic mapping激动型G蛋白stimulatory G protein,Gs激活蛋白activator激活功能activation function激活剂activator激素反应元件hormone response element激素敏感性甘油三酯脂肪酶hormone-sensitive triglyceride lipase, HSL 级联系统cascade system即刻早期反应基因immediate-early gene,IEG急性时相蛋白质acute phase protein APP急性时相反应物acute phase reactant APR己糖激酶hexokinase加单氧酶monooxygenase甲基化methylation甲基化酶methylase甲基转移酶methyl transferase甲硫氨酸循环 methionine cycle甲羟戊酸mevalonic acid, MVA甲胎蛋白α-fetoproteinN-甲酰甲硫氨酸 N-formyl methionine,fMet假尿嘧啶ψ,pseudouridine假神经递质false neurotransmitter间接胆红素indirect reacting bilirubin间接体内疗法ex vivomRNA剪接mRNA splcing剪接splicing剪接接口splicing junction剪接体splicesome检查点check point简并性degeneracy碱基base碱基对base pairs, bp碱性亮氨酸拉链basic leucine zipper碱性螺旋-环-螺旋basic helix-loop-helix降解degradation交联对话cross talk胶原collagen胶原微纤维collagen fibril胶原纤维collagen fiber焦谷氨酸pyroglutamic acid焦磷酸法尼酯farnesyl pyrophosphate, FPPUDPG焦磷酸化酶UDPG pyrophosphorylase焦磷酸硫胺素thiamine pyrophosphate, TPP酵解途径glycolytic pathway酵母yeast酵母基因剔除yeast knockout project酵母人工染色体载体yeast artificial chromosome vector, YAC酵母双杂交系统yeast two-hybrid-system阶段特异性stage specificity接合作用conjugation接受体acceptor结构基因structural gene结构基因组学structural genomicsSH2结构域Scr homology 2 domainSH3结构域Scr homology 3 domain结构域domain结合胆汁酸conjugated bile acidpoly(A)结合蛋白poly(A)-binding protein,PABP结合反应conjugation reactionATP结合盒转运蛋白AI ATP-binding cassette transporter A1, ABCA1 结合基团binding group结合酶conjugated enzyme结合区binding domain,BD结合体adaptorDNA结合域DNA binding domain解缠酶untwisting enzyme解毒作用detoxication解磷定pyridine aldoxime methyliodide,PAM解螺旋酶helicase解偶联蛋白uncoupling protein解偶联剂uncoupler金属激活酶metal-activated enzyme金属酶metalloenzyme紧张态tense state进位entrance茎stem茎环stem-loop精胺spermine精脒spermidine竞争性抑制作用competitive inhibition矩形双曲线rectangular hyperbola巨幼红细胞性贫血megaloblastic anemiaRNA聚合酶RNA-pol聚合酶链反应polymerase chain reaction, PCR聚糖glycan绝对特异性absolute specificityM麦角钙化醇ergocalciferol麦角固醇ergosterol麦芽糖 maltose慢反应物质slow reacting substances of analphylaxis锚蛋白ankynin帽结构 cap sequence帽结合蛋白cap binding proteins,CBPsDNA酶deoxyribonuclease,DNaseRNA酶ribonuclease, RNase酶enzyme酶促反应动力学kinetics of enzyme-catalyzed reaction酶蛋白 poenzyme酶联免疫测定法enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, ELISA酶免检测分析enzyme immunodetection assay酶偶联测定法enzyme coupled assays酶原zymogen门管周带periportal zone靡蛋白 chymotrypsin米氏方程式Michaelis equation密度梯度离心density gradient centrifugation密码子 codon嘧啶pyrimidine免疫印迹immunoblotting模板template模板理论piecing theory模板链 template strand模体motif末端转移酶terminal transferase母亲效应基因maternal effect genes目的基因target DNAN内分泌 endocrine内分泌信号endocrine signal内含子 intron内化internalization内皮生长抑制蛋白vastatin内皮抑素endostatin内肽酶 endopeptidase内因子intrinsic factor, IF内在序列同源结构internal seguence homology内酯酶 lactonase内质网 endoplasmic reticulum,ER尼克酸 nicotinic acid逆向转运reverse cholesterol transport, RCT逆转录 reverse transcription逆转录病毒retro-virus, RV逆转录酶reverse transciptase 鸟氨酸脱羧酶orinithine decarboxylase鸟氨酸循环orinithine cycle鸟苷guanosine鸟苷酸结合蛋白,G蛋白guanylate binding protein鸟嘌呤 guanine,G鸟嘌呤环化酶guanylyl cyclase,GC尿卟啉原 I同合酶UPG I cosynthased-尿胆素d-urobilini-尿胆素i-urobilind-尿胆素原d-urobilinogen尿苷uridine尿苷二磷酸葡糖醛酸uridine diphosphate glucuronic acid, UDPGA 尿苷二磷酸葡萄糖uridine diphophate glucose, UDPG尿嘧啶 uracil,U尿嘧啶核苷酸uridine monophosphate, UMP尿素循环urea cycle柠檬酸citrate柠檬酸-丙酮酸循环citrate pyruvate cycle柠檬酸合酶citrate synthase柠檬酸裂合酶citrate lyase凝集素样受体lectin-like receptor凝胶过滤gel filtration牛磺胆酸taurocholic acid牛磺鹅脱氧胆酸taurochenodeoxycholic acidO偶氮还原酶类azoreductaseP偶氮还原酶类azoreductase爬行模型inchworn model排出位exit site旁分泌paracrine旁分泌信号paracrine signal胚胎干细胞embryonic stem cell 配体ligand配体蛋白ligandin配伍未端compatible endH片段H segmentKlenow片段Klenow fragment片段重组体patch recombinant嘌呤purine嘌呤核苷酸循环purine nucleotide cycle拼接重组体splice recombinant 平行分子遗传学分析parallel molecular genetic analysis苹果酸-天冬氨酸穿梭malate-asparate shuttle苹果酸脱氢酶fumarate hydratase,malate dehydrogenase DEAE葡聚糖介导转染DEAE dextran-mediated transfection葡糖醛酸胆红素bilirubin glucuronideUDP-葡糖醛酸基转移酶UDP-glucuronyl transferases, UGT葡萄糖glucose, Glc葡萄糖-6-磷酸酶glucose-6-phophatase葡萄糖激酶glucokinase葡萄糖耐量glucose tolerence葡萄糖转运体glucose transporter,GLUTQ栖热水生菌thermus aquaticus启动元件initiator启动子promoter起点origin起始tRNA initiator-tRNA起始密码initiation coden 起始因子initiation factor,IF前病毒provirus前导片段leader segment 前列腺环素prostacyclin前列腺素prostaglandin, PG前脑forebrain前清蛋白prealbumin, PAβ-羟丁酸β-hydroxybutyrate羟化酶hydroxylase3-羟甲基戊二酸单酰3-hydroxy-3-methyl glutaryl CoA, HMG CoA3-羟甲基戊二酸单酰CoA 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl CoA, HMG CoA3-羟甲基戊二酸单酰CoA合酶3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl CoA synthase, HMG CoA synthase 鞘氨醇sphingosine鞘脂sphingolipids切除修复excision repairing切口-封闭酶nicking-closing enzyme5-氢过氧化廿碳四烯酸5-hydroperoxy-eicotetraenoic acid, 5-HPETE清蛋白albumin清道夫受体scavenger receptor, SR球蛋白globulin区带zone去饱和酶desaturase去甲肾上腺素norepinephrine全酶 holoenzyme醛缩酶aldolase醛脱氢酶aldehyde dehydrogenase, ALDH缺口nick缺失deletionR染色体chromosome染色体步移chromosome walking染色体畸形chromosomal abnormality染色质chromatin热休克蛋白heat shock proteins, Hsp人类白细胞抗原human leucocyte antigen,HLA人类基因组计划human genome project, HGP人类免疫缺陷病毒human immuno-deficiency virus,HIV溶菌生长途径lysis pathway溶血性黄疸hemolytic jaundice溶源菌生长途径lysogenic pathway融解温度elting temperature, Tm肉碱carnitine肉碱-脂酰肉碱转位酶carnitine-acylcarnitine translocase肉碱脂酰转移酶I carnitine acyl transferase I乳酸lactate乳酸脱氢酶lactate dehydrogenase乳糖操纵子lac operon朊病毒蛋白prion protein, PrPS三级结构tertiary structure三联体密码triplet code三链DNA形成脱氧寡核苷酸triplex-forming oligonucleotide, TFO三链技术triplex approach三羧酸循环tricarboxylic acid cycle三叶草形cloverleaf patternB沙门氏菌 B Salmonella鲨烯squalene鲨烯合酶squalene synthase筛选screening上调up regulation上游因子upstream factors射线radiation,RADX射线衍射法X-ray diffraction神经鞘磷脂sphingomyelin神经肽neuropeptide肾上腺素epinephrine生长因子growth factor生糖氨基酸glucogenic amino acid生糖兼生酮氨基酸glucogenic and ketogenic amino acid生酮氨基酸ketogenic amino acid生物胞素biocytin生物催化剂biocatalyst生物大分子biomacromolecule生物化学biochemistry生物素biotin生物信息学bioinformatics生物氧化biological oxidation 生物转化biotransformationa-生育酚当量a-tocophenol equivalents, a-TE生殖细胞germ line cell石胆酸lithocholic acid时间特异性temporal specificity视蛋白opsin视黄醇retinol视黄醇结合蛋白retinol binding protein, RBP视黄醇磷酸retinyl phosphate视黄醛retinal视黄酸retinoic acid视网膜母细胞瘤retinoblastoma饰胶蛋白decorin释放因子release factor,RF HDL受体HDL recepter受体receptor受体调节的SMADs receptor-regulated-SMAD,R-SMADsLDL受体相关蛋白LDL receptor related protein, LRP6-疏基嘌呤6-mercaptopurine, 6MP鼠伤寒沙门氏杆菌salmonella typhimurium衰减attenuation衰减区域attenuator region衰减子attenuator双倒数作图法double reciprocal plot双链duplex1,6-双磷酸果糖1,6-fructose-biphosphate,F-1,6-2P双螺旋double helix双色荧光探针杂交系统two-color fluorescent probe hybridization双缩脲反应biuret reaction双向复制bidirectional replication 双性α-螺旋amphipathicαhelix水解酶类hydrolases水溶性维生素water-soluble vitamin顺反子cistron顺式cis顺式作用元件cis-acting element瞬时转染transient transfection丝氨酸磷脂phosphatidyl serine丝甘蛋白聚糖serglycin四级结构quaternary structure四膜虫tetrahymena四氢叶酸tetrahydrofolic acid, FH4 or THFA松弛酶relaxing enzyme松弛态relaxed state酸性激活域acidic activation domain随从链lagging strandDNA损伤DNA damage羧基末端carboxyl terminal羧基末端结构域carboxyl terminal domain, CTD羧基肽酶A carboxypeptidase AT肽peptide肽单元 peptide unit肽-脯氨酰顺反异构酶peptide prolyl cis-trans isomerase,PPI肽核酸peptide nucleic acid, PNA肽酶 peptidase肽酰位 peptidyl site肽转位复合物 peptide translocation complex糖蛋白 glycoprotein糖复合物 glycoconjugates糖苷键 glycosidic bondDNA糖苷酶DNA glyclsidase糖酵解 glycolysis糖尿病 hyperglycemia and glucosuria糖型 glycoform糖异生 gluconeogenesis糖异生途径gluconeogenic pathway糖原 glycogen糖原储存疾病 glycogen storage disease糖原分解 branching enzyme,glycogenolysis糖原合酶 glycogen synthase糖原累积症Calmodulin套索RNA lariat RNA特异位点重组 site-specific recombination特异转录因子 special transcription factors体内试验,直接体内疗法in vivo体外试验,试管内in vitro体细胞 somatic cell体细胞基因治疗somatic cell gene therapy天冬酰胺 asparagine铁硫簇iron-sulfur cluster, Fe-S铁硫蛋白 iron-sulfur protein通用性 universal同二聚体 homodimer同工酶 isoenzyme同型半胱氨酸 homocysteine同源 homolog同源重组 homologous recombination3-酮基二氢鞘氨醇3-ketodihydrosphingosine酮体 ketone bodiesα-酮戊二酸α- ketoglutatrateα-酮戊二酸脱氢酶复合体α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex 透明质酸 hyaluronic acid透析 dialysis突变 mutation推荐名称 recommended name退火 anneal,annealing脱水酶 dehydrase脱羧基作用decarboxylation脱羧酶 decarboxyase脱氧胞苷 deoxycytidine脱氧胞苷酸deoxycytidine monophosphate, dCMP脱氧单磷酸核苷deoxynucleotide monophosphate,dNMP脱氧胆酸 deoxycholic acid脱氧核苷 deoxyribonucleoside脱氧核苷酸deoxyribonucleoside monophosphate, dNMP 脱氧核酶 deoxyribozyme脱氧核糖核苷酸deoxynucleotide脱氧核糖核酸 deoxyribonucleic acid,DNA脱氧鸟苷 deoxyguanosine脱氧鸟苷酸deoxyguanosine monophosphate, dGMP脱氧三磷酸核苷deoxynucleotide triphosphate,dNTP脱氧腺苷 deoxyadenosine脱氧腺苷酸deoxyadenosine monophosphate, dAMP脱支酶 glycogen phosphorylaseDNA拓扑异构酶DNA topoisomerase唾液酸酶 neuraminidaseW外肽酶exopeptidase外显子exon网络系统networkDNA微点阵DNA microarray微粒体乙醇氧化系统microsomal ethanol oxidizing system, MEOS微团micelles微纤维fibrilDNA微阵列DNA microarray维生素vitamin胃蛋白酶pepsin胃蛋白酶原pepsinogencDNA文库 cDNA library稳定转染stable transfection无规卷曲random coil无嘌呤/嘧啶核苷酸apurinic/apyuimidinic acids,AP物理图physical map物理作图physical mappingX吸光率absorbance,A稀有碱基rare bases系统名称systematic name细胞癌基因cellular-oncogene,c-onc细胞色素cytochrome, Cyt细胞色素C cytochrome C细胞色素P450 Cytochrome P450,Cyt P450细胞特异性cell specificity细胞外基质extracellular matrixc,ECM细胞周期cell cycle细胞周期蛋白cyclin细胞周期蛋白依赖激酶cyclin dependent kinase,CDK下调down regulation纤连蛋白fibronectin, Fn纤维蛋白fibrin纤维蛋白溶酶原plasminogen纤维蛋白原fibrinogen酰基载体蛋白acyl carrier protein, ACP显微注射microinjection线粒体DNA mitochondrial DNA, mtDNA线粒体孔蛋白mitochondrial porin限速酶limiting velocity enzymes限制性内切核酸酶 restriction endonuclease限制性片段长度多态性restriction fragment length polymorphism, RFLP 限制–修饰体系restriction-modification system腺病毒adeno-virus, AV腺病毒相关病毒adeno-associated virus, AAV腺苷adenosineS-腺苷甲硫氨酸S-adenosyl methionine, SAM腺苷酸环化酶adenyl cyclase,adenylate cyclase,AC腺苷酸转运蛋白adenine nucleotide transporter腺苷脱氨酶adenosine deaminase,ADA腺嘌呤adenine,A相变异phase variation相对特异性relative specificityTBP相关因子TBP-associated factor, TAF相似性similarity相转变phase variation硝基还原酶类nitroreductase硝酸纤维素nitrocellulose , NC小分子核糖核蛋白体 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein, snRNP小沟minor groove小片段干涉 RNA small interfering RNA,siRNA小叶中心带centrolobular zone校读proofread协调表达coordinate expression协调调节coordinate regulation心磷脂cardiolipin心钠素arrionatriuretic peptide, ANPcDNA芯片cDNA chipDNA芯片DNA chip锌指结构zinc finger信号肽signal peptide信号肽酶signal peptidase信号序列signal seguence信号转导signal transduction信号转导子和转录激动子signal transductors and activator of transcription, STAT 信使RNA messenger RNA,mRNA性细胞基因治疗germ line gene therapy胸苷thymidine胸苷激酶thymidine kinase, TK胸苷酸thymidine monophosphate, dTMP胸苷酸合成酶thymidylate synthetase胸腺嘧啶thymine,T胸腺嘧啶二聚体thymine dimer休眠蛋白restinDNA修复DNA repairing序列标志位点sequence tagged sites, STSs序列子sequon旋转酶gyrase选择selection血胆红素hemobilirubin血管紧张素II angiotensin II血红蛋白hemoglubin,Hb血红素heme血红素加氧酶heme oxygenase血浆plasma血尿素氮blood urea nitrogen, BUN血清serum血栓噁烷thromboxane A2,TXA2血液bloodY亚基subunitα-亚麻酸a-linolenic acid亚铁螯合酶ferrochelatase亚油酸linoleic acid烟酰胺nicotinamide延长elongation延长因子elongation factor,EF岩藻糖fucose, Fuc盐析salt precipitation氧化还原酶类oxidoreductases氧化磷酸化oxidative phosphorylation氧化型烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, NAD+ 药物G418 geneticin药物基因组学pharmacogenomics野生型wild type叶酸folic acid一级结构primary structure一碳单位one carbon unit一氧化氮合酶nitric oxide synthase (NOS)一致性consensus依赖DNA的DNA聚合酶DNA-dependent DNA polymerase,DNA-pol依赖DNA的RNA聚合酶DNA dependent RNA polymerase,RNA-pol依赖RNA的DNA聚合酶RNA dependent DNA polymerasecAMP依赖蛋白激酶cAMP-dependent protein kinaseNa+依赖型葡萄糖转运体Na+-dependent glucose transporter,SGLT 胰蛋白酶trypsin胰岛素insulin胰岛素受体底物insulin receptor substrate胰高血糖素glucagon胰脂酶pancreatic lipase遗传密码genetic coden遗传型genotype遗传医学genetic medicine乙醇ethanol乙酰CoA aerobic oxidation乙酰CoA羧化酶acetyl CoA carboxylaseN-乙酰半乳糖胺N-acetylgalactosamine, GalNAcN-乙酰谷氨酸N-acetyl glutamatic acid, AGA乙酰基转移酶acetylaseN-乙酰葡糖胺N-acetylglucosamine, GlcNAcN-乙酰神经氨酸N-acetylneuraminic acid, NeuAc乙酰乙酸acetoacetate异二聚体heterodimer异构酶类isomerases异柠檬酸isocitrate异柠檬酸脱氢isocitrate dehydrogenase异戊巴比妥amobarbital异戊烯焦磷酸△3-isopentenyl pyrophosphate, IPP异源双链heteroduplex异质性heterogeneity抑癌基因cancer suppressive gene,anti-oncogene 抑制剂inhibitor抑制型G蛋白inhibitory G protein,Gi抑制性SMADs inhibitory-SMAD,I-SMADsF因子 F factor引物primer引物酶primase隐性黄疸jaundice occultRNA印迹Northern blottingSouthern印迹Southern blotting印迹技术BlottingDNA印迹术DNA blotting茚三酮反应ninhydrin reactioncAMP应答元件cAMP response elementcAMP应答元件结合蛋白cAMP response element binding protein, CREB 荧光报告分子reporter, R荧光淬灭分子Quencher, Q荧光活化细胞分离器fluorescence activated cell sorter, FACS营养价值nutrition游离胆汁酸free bile acid游离脂酸free fatty acid, FFA有丝分裂原激活蛋白激酶mitogen-activated protein kinase MAPK诱导剂inducer诱导契合假说induced-fit hypothesis诱导作用induction诱饵bait鱼藤酮rotenone原癌基因proto-oncogenes,pro-onc原卟啉IX protoporphyrin IX原胶原tropocollagen原位PCR in situ PCR, ISP原位杂交in situ hybridization原纤蛋白fibrillin圆二色光谱circular dichroism,CDZ杂化核RNA hetero-nuclear RNA, hn RNA杂化双链hybrid duplex杂交hybridization载体蛋白carrier protein载脂蛋白apolipoprotein, apo增强子enhancer增强子结合蛋白enhancer binding protein增色效应hyperchromic effect增殖细胞核抗原proliferation cell nuclear antigen,PCNA 粘结蛋白聚糖 syndecan粘性末端cohesive endβ-折叠β-pleated sheet真核生物eukaryoteDNA阵列DNA arrays整合integration正超螺旋positive supercoil正协同效应positive cooperativity脂蛋白lipoprotein脂肪酶C lipase C脂肪酸fatty acids脂过氧化酶lipoxygenase脂类lipids脂溶性维生素 lipid-soluble vitamin脂酰CoA合成酶acyl-CoA synthetase脂酰CoA转移酶acyl CoA transferaseN-脂酰鞘氨醇 ceramide脂酰肉碱acyl carnitine脂质体转染lipofectin transfection直接胆红素direct reacting bilirubin直接选择法direct selectionDNA指纹fingerprint质粒plasmid致癌物carcinogen中胆素原mesobilirubinogen,i-urobilinogen中间体intermediate中心体centromer终止termination终止密码termination coden肿瘤基因组解剖工程Cancer Genome Anatomy Project重排rearrangement重症联合免疫缺陷综合症Severe combined immunodeficiency disease,SCIDDNA重组DNA recombination重组recombination重组DNA技术DNA recombination technique,recombinant DNA technology 重组激活基因 recombination activating gene重组信号序列 recombination signal sequence, RSS重组修复recombination repairing注册registration爪蟾xenopus laevis专一蛋白speciallized protein专一性specificity转氨基作用transamination转氨酶transaminase转导作用transduction转钴胺素II transcobalamin II, TC II转化transformation转化生长因子βtransforming growth factor β转换数turnover number转基因transgene转基因动物transgenic animalβ-转角β-turn转录后修饰post-transcriptional modification转录激活因子 transcription activators转录空泡transcription bubble转录起始点transcription start site转录起始前复合物 pre-initiation complex, PIC转录抑制因子 transcription inhibitors转录因子transcriptional factors, TF转录组transcriptome转录组学transcriptomics转醛醇酶transketolase转醛基酶transaldolase转染transfection转位translocation转位酶translocase转移酶类transferases。
生化英语词汇
Oxygenases加氧酶colligative properties依数性Osmosis渗透isotonic等渗透Fibrous纤维蛋白Globular球蛋白Membranous膜蛋白Lipoproteins脂蛋白glycoproteins糖蛋白metalloproteins金属蛋白α-keratinα-角蛋白Collagen胶原Silk Fibroin丝心蛋白myoglobin肌红蛋白hemoglobin血红蛋白protamine精蛋白histone组蛋白apoenzyme酶蛋白ligase DNA连接酶Trypsin胰蛋白酶chymotrypsin胰凝乳蛋白酶pepsin胃蛋白酶Lysozyme溶菌酶elastase弹性蛋白酶thrombin凝血酶subtilisin纤溶酶plasmin枯草杆菌蛋白酶Adenine腺嘌呤Guanine鸟嘌呤Cytosine胞嘧啶Thymine胸腺嘧啶Uracil尿嘧啶multimer多聚体oligomer寡聚体ligand配体binding site结合位点Antibodies抗体Antigen抗原denaturation变性flocculates结絮protein coagulation蛋白质凝固dialysis透析ultrafiltration超滤antiparallel反平行Asymmetric不对称chiral center手型中心hyperchromic effect增色效应hypochromic effect减色效应:Elongation延伸Zwitterions两性离子Semiconservative半保留复制induced fit诱导契合hydrophobic interaction疏水作用semidiscontinuous replication半不连续复制2’,3’-dideoxynucleotide2`,3`-双脱氧核苷三磷酸Proteins are polymers of amino acids,with each amino acid residue joined to its neighbor by a specific type of covalent bond.。
生化英语单词
protein蛋白质peptide bond 肽键conformation 空间构象motif 模体peptide unit 肽单元zinc finger 锌指domain 结构域molecular chaperon 分子伴侣denaturation 变性complementary base pairs 碱基互补配对anneal 退火phosphodiester bond 磷酸二酯键enzyme 酶proenzyme 酶原ribozyme 核酶hybridization 核酸分子杂交hyperchromic effect 增色效应nucleosome 核小体ribosome 核糖体melting temperature,Tm 解链温度isoenzyme同工酶restriction endonuclease 限制性核酸内切酶allosteric regulation 变构调节covalent modification 共价修饰vitamin 维生素glycolysis 糖酵解reversible inhibition 可逆性抑制作用aerobic oxidation 有氧氧化competitive inhibition 竞争性抑制TCA cycle 三羧酸循环gluconeogenesis 糖异生substrate-level phosphorylation 底物水平磷酸化glucagon 胰高血糖素glycogen synthase 糖原合酶glycoprotein糖蛋白apolipoprotein 载脂蛋白fat mobilization 脂肪动员essential fatty acid必需脂肪酸phospholipid磷脂ketone bodies 酮体LPL 脂蛋白脂肪酶lipoprotein脂蛋白reverse cholesterol transport,RCT 胆固醇逆向转运biological oxidation 生物氧化oxidative respiratory chain氧化呼吸oxidative phosphorylation 氧化磷酸化nitrogen balance 氮平衡putrefaction 腐败作用SAM S-腺苷甲硫氨酸urea cycle 尿素循环one carbon unit 一碳单位de novo synthesis 从头合成途径uric acid 尿酸biotransformation 生物转化bile pigment 胆色素semi-conservative replication 半保留复制replication fork 复制叉Okazaki fragment 冈崎片段telomere 端粒reverse transcription 逆转录transcription 转录template strand 模板链split gene 断裂基因exon 外显子intron 内含子promoter 启动子splicing 剪接translation 翻译open reading frame 开放阅读框signal peptide 信号肽codon 密码子frameshift mutation 框移突变operon 操纵子housekeeping gene 管家基因enhancer 增强子genome 基因组recombinant DNA 重组DNA expression vector 表达载体plasmid 质粒polymerase chain reaction,PCR 聚合酶链反应autophosphorylation 自我磷酸化receptor 受体second messenger 第二信使adenylate cyclase,AC 腺苷酸环化酶protein tyrosine kinase,PTK 蛋白酪氨酸激酶oncogene 癌基因。
生化英文
filtration(过滤)and centrifugation(离心)cell disruption(细胞破碎)crystallization(结晶)and precipitation(沉淀)membrane separation(膜分离)extraction(萃取)chromatography(色谱、层析)electrophoresis(电泳)and magnetic bioseparation(磁性生物分离)solvent removal (溶剂去除)and drying(干燥)第一章Bioprocessing(生物过程)Industrial chemicals化工制品Agrochemicals农药Pharmaceuticals 药物Nutraceutical保健营养品Laboratory reagents实验室试剂Cosmetic products 化妆品polishing (精制)diluted稀释的aqueous solutions水溶液Identity 特性potency 效能feed饲料in batches分批地manufacture制造formulation规划pretreatment (预处理)microfiltration(微滤),sedimentation(沉降)intracellular细胞内的precipitation (沉淀)divergent properties不同的属性Appreciable相当可观的sterilize (灭菌)removing pyrogen(去除热源)adding excipients(加赋形剂)dispensed分发的Supernatant上清液throughput生产量disposal处理, installing安装plant工厂车间fraction部分ethanol(乙醇), acetone(丙酮)lactic acid(乳酸). pancreatin(胰岛素), papain(木瓜蛋白酶)solubility 溶解度electrostatic charge静电荷volatility挥发性hydrophobicity疏水性第二章Coagulation and flocculation凝聚和絮凝Adding filter aids 助滤剂上的吸附insoluble carbohydrates不溶性的碳水化合物multi-valent metal ions多价金属离子fermentation broth发酵液viscous粘性的non-Newtonian slurry非牛顿流体density密度compressibility压缩性pasteurize用巴氏灭菌法灭菌chief constraint主要制约thermal stability热稳定性amphoteric两性的membrane fouling膜污染charged带电的debris碎片colloidal particles胶体粒子flocculate絮凝aggregate聚合物Electrical double layer 双电层collision碰撞floc絮状物electrolytes电解质polyelectrolyte高电解质stern layer(吸附层diffuse layer(扩散层)Electrostatic interaction 静电作用Thermal motion 热运动colloidal stability胶体稳定性electrostatic repulsion 静电排斥hydration shell (hydration layer)水化层fluid流体London-van der waals forces (范德华引力)predominate.占主导地位dense稠密的cationic(阳离子型)neutralize使中和aluminum铝coagulants凝聚剂anionic(阴离子型)stir velocity搅拌速度precoat预涂层fermentation发酵plate and frame filter(板框过滤机)accumulates biomass(生物量)rotary drum vacuum filters 真空转鼓过滤器cross flow filtration 错流过滤diatomite filter 硅藻土过滤机permeate渗透tangential flow切向流动shear剪切sedimentation(沉降)centrifugal field(离心场)paste糊状物angular velocity角速度radius半径deposit沉淀effluent流出物sludge污泥intermittent operation(间歇操作)bowl碗dismantled(拆卸)microbial微生物的cell organelles细胞器annular slit环形缝隙discharge卸渣screw螺旋conveyor输送机rotate旋转scroll卷轴dewater脱水mass质量subcellular fractionation亚细胞结构分离density gradient密度梯度sufficient足够的pellet小球enveloped viruses包膜病毒macromolecules大分子hydrolysis水解rabies vaccine(狂犬疫苗) Isopycnic等密度repetitive重复的lipoprotein脂蛋白第三章lysis buffer裂解液Fungal cell 真菌细胞mould cell霉菌细胞Peptidoglycan肽聚糖polymer 高分子聚合物cross-linkage交联exponential growth phase (对数生长期) chitin几丁质glucan葡聚糖mannoproteins甘露糖蛋白polysaccharide多糖microfibrillar微原纤microfibrillar纤维素substance物质substrate底物pectin(果胶)Lignin(木质素)Intercellular layer胞间层Antioxidant抗氧化剂Protease inhibitors蛋白酶抑制剂cofactor辅助因子Homogenization匀浆Ultrasound(sonication)超声波agitated表现不安的grind磨碎collision碰撞parameter参数impingement(冲击)disruption破坏microorganisms微生物filamentous丝状的implode内爆momentarily即刻Plunger活塞duration持续时间第四章无定形物质(Amorphous)Isoelectric等电位的conversion转换solute溶质solvent溶剂morphology形态学dielectric constant介电常数property性质affinity reagents亲和试剂labile不稳定的hydrophobic(疏水作用) Pilot experiment预实验Preparative experiment制备性实验proteolysis蛋白质水解solubilization (溶解)saturated solutions饱和溶液Undergoes经受ammonia氨corrosive (腐蚀性) Residue残基,残留hence因此bulk体积容量dissolve使溶解equilibrate平衡Macromolecule高分子low flammability不易燃constituent atoms组成原子的repeating pattern重复构型spatial dimensions空间维度diffraction衍射thermodynamically热力学diagram图表metastable zone (亚稳区)elapse流逝Heterogeneous nucleation异相成核dust灰尘vessel容器impeller推进器curve曲线osmosis渗透sterile filtration无菌过滤acetone丙酮orientation方向category种类vapor diffusion蒸汽扩散第五章Modest谦虚的,适度的reverse osmosis 反渗透(RO)nanofiltration纳滤(NF) ultrafiltration超滤(UF)microfiltration微滤(MF)gas separations气体分离(GS) pervaporation渗透蒸发(PV)hemodialysis血液透析(HD)electrodialysis电渗析(ED)ion exchange离子交换(IX) ceramic陶瓷microstructure显微结构cross section横截面Symmetric对称Asymmetric不对称;Composite复合的Dialysis透析schematic原理图macromolecules(大分子)Multivalent ions(多价离子)retain保持monovalent ions(单价离子)sulfur dioxide二氧化硫chlorine氯hydrogen sulfide(硫化氢) neutral form中性coefficients(系数)phenol(苯酚)benzene(苯)Ultrapure water超纯水desalination脱盐brackish含盐的array排列,数组intake摄入deterioration恶化cellulose acetate醋酸纤维Viable cell活细胞element元素boric acid硼酸reproductive tract生殖系统moderate温和的polysaccharide多糖Hydrostatic pressure静水压力sieving筛选electrostatic(静电)globular protein球状蛋白retentivity记忆力,保持力permeate flux(渗透通量)concentration polarization浓差极化deposition沉积作用backflushing反冲hydrophilic亲水的adhesion粘附reversible可逆的penetration渗透plug塞irreversible不可逆的Flush用水冲flux水通量restoration恢复Sponge海绵Paint涂料column chromatography柱层析Hemodialysis 血液透析metabolite代谢物intermittently间歇得Completion完成retentate滞留物。
生化翻译和名解
英汉互译:1.肽:Peptide2.结构域:domain3.变性:denaturation4.碱基:base5.双螺旋:double helix6.酶:enzyme7.核酶:ribozyme8.酶原:zymogen9.同工酶:isoenzyme10.变构调节:allosteric regulation11.共价修饰调节:covalent modification12.呼吸链:respiratory chain13.氧化磷酸化:oxidative phosphorylation14.葡萄糖:glucose15.糖酵解:glycolysis16.有氧氧化:aerobic oxidation17.三羧酸循环:tricarboxylic acid cycl18.柠檬酸循环:citrate cycle19.磷酸戊糖途径:pentose phosphate pathway20.糖原:glycogen21.糖异生:gluconeogenesis22.血糖:blood sugar23.脂类:lipid24.甘油三酯:triglyceride25.磷脂:phospholipid26.胆固醇: cholesterol27.脂蛋白:lipoprotein28.脂肪酸:fatty acid29.酮体:ketone bodies30.乳糜微粒:chylomicra, CM31.极低密度脂蛋白:very low density lipoprotein, VLDL32.低密度脂蛋白:low density lipoprotein, LDL33.高密度脂蛋白:high density lipoprotein, HDL34.转氨基作用:Transamination35.关键酶:key enzyme36.半保留复制:semiconservative replication37.端粒:telomere38.逆转录酶:reverse transcriptase39.编码链:coding strand40.外显子:exon41.内含子:intron42.剪接:splicing43.启动子:promoter44.反密码子:anticodon45.信号肽:signal peptide46.翻译:translation47.遗传密码:genetic code48.生物转化:biotransformation49.胆汁酸:bile acid50.蛋白激酶:protein kinase名词解释(50个)1.结构域:指一些较大的蛋白质分子,其三级结构中具有两个或多个在空间上可明显区别的局部区域。
常见生化项目中英文对照
常见生化项目中英文对照常见生化项目TP Protein total 总蛋白 ALB Albumin 白蛋白/清蛋白PA Prealbumin 前白蛋白FER Ferritin 铁蛋白IMA Ischemia modified albumin 缺血修饰白蛋白 TRF Transferrin 转铁蛋白TC/Cho Total Cholesterol determination 总胆固醇TG Triglycerides 甘油三酯APOA1 Apolipoprotein-A1 载脂蛋白A1 APOB Apolipoprotein-B 载脂蛋白B APOE Apolipoprotein-E 载脂蛋白E Lp(a) Lipoprotein(a) 脂蛋白a HDL-C HDL-Cholesterol 高密度脂蛋白胆固醇 LDL-C LDL-Cholesterol 低密度脂蛋白胆固醇 CO2 Carbon dioxide 二氧化碳NaHCO3 Bicarbonate 碳酸氢钠GLU Glucose 葡萄糖GLU-HK(hexokinase method) 葡萄糖己糖激酶法 GLU-OX 葡萄糖氧化酶法HbA1c Glycated hemoglobin /Hemoglobin A1c 糖化血红蛋白A1GA/GSP Glycated Albumin 糖化白蛋白 UREA Urea 尿素CREA Creatinine 肌酐TBA Total Bile Acids 总胆汁酸SA Sialic acid 唾液酸UA Uric acid 尿酸DB-VA Bilirubin direct 直接胆红素 TB-VA Bilirubin total 总胆红素LAC Lactate /Lactic acid 乳酸HCY Homocystein 同型半胱氨酸β2-MG β2-Microglobulin β2-微球蛋白 CYS-C Cystain-C 胱抑素-CRBP Retinol binding protein 视黄醇结合蛋白 HS-CRP hs-CRP/High-sensitive C-Reactive Protein 超敏-C反应蛋白5?-NT 5?-Nucleotidase 5-核糖核苷酸水解酶 ADA Adenosine deaminase 腺苷脱氨酶AFU a-L-fucus glycosidase a-L-岩藻糖苷酶 a-HBDH a-hydroxybutyric acid dehydrogenase a-羟丁酸脱氢酶 ALP Alkaline phosphatase 碱性磷酸酶ALT/GPT Alanine aminotransferase 丙氨酸氨基转移酶 AST Aspartate transaminase 天冬氨酸氨基转移酶 GGT Gamma-GT/γ-glutamine acylase γ-谷氨酰基转移酶 LAP Leucine aminopeptidase 亮氨酸氨基肽酶 LDH Lactate 乳酸脱氢酶CHE Cholinesterase 胆碱酯酶CK Creatine kinase 肌酸激酶CK-MB Creatine kinase isoenzyme 肌酸激酶同工酶 P-AMY Amylase pancreatic 胰淀粉酶a-AMY a-Amylase a-淀粉酶LPS Lipase 脂肪酶ASO Antistreptolysin O/ Anti O 抗链球菌溶血素O RF Rheumatiod factor 类风湿因子C3 Complement C3 补体C3C4 Complement C4 补体C4IgA Immunoglobulin A 免疫球蛋白AIgG Immunoglobulin G 免疫球蛋白GIgM Immunoglobulin M 免疫球蛋白MDD D-Dimer D二聚体 Ca Calcium 钙Mg Magnesium 镁Fe Serum Iron 铁Cu Copper 铜Zn Zinc 锌Li Lithium 锂K Potassium 钾Na Sodium 钠Cl Chloride 氯P Phosphate Inorganic 无机磷 TIBC 血清总铁结合力Osmolality 渗透压ACP Acid phosphatase(non prostatic) 酸性磷酸酶(非前列腺)Acid phosphatase(prostatic) 酸性磷酸酶(前列腺)GLDH 谷氨酸脱氢酶MB Myoglobin 肌红蛋白 CTn Troponin I 肌钙蛋白I 5-HIAA 5-羟吲哚乙酸。
生化英语词汇
acidic transactivator 酸性反式激活蛋白
acidic transcription activator 酸性转录激活蛋白
acidification 酸化(作用)
acidifying 酸化(作用)
acidolysis 酸解
activator 激活物,激活剂,激活蛋白
activator protein 激活蛋白
active absorption 主动吸收
active biomass 活生物质
active carbon 活性碳
active center 活性中心
active chromatin 活性染色质
actinomycetes 放线菌
actinomycin D 放线菌素D
actinospectacin 放线壮观素,壮观霉素,奇霉素
action 作用
action current 动作电流
action potential 动作电位
action spectrum 动作光谱
activated sludge 活性污泥
accepting arm [tRNA的]接纳臂
acceptor 接纳体,(接)受体
acceptor site 接纳位点,接受位点
acceptor splicing site 剪接受体
acceptor stem [tRNA的]接纳茎
accessible 可及的
accessible promoter 可及启动子
active dry yeast 活性干酵母
active dydrogen compounds 活性氢化合物
生化英文词汇
Biochemistry> 冈崎片段oncogene ————癌基因,原癌基因one carbon unit ————一碳单位operator ————操纵基因operon ————操纵子orotic acid ————乳清酸ossification ————成骨作用oxaloacetic acid ————草酰乙酸oxidases ————氧化酶类oxidative phosphorylation ————氧化磷酸化oxidoreductase ————氧化还原酶palindrome ————回文结构pancreatic lipase ————胰脂肪酶pantothenic acid ————遍多酸pentose ————戊糖pentose phosphate pathway ————磷酸戊糖途径pepsin ————胃蛋白酶pepsinogen ————胃蛋白酶原peptide ————肽peptide bond ————肽键peptidyl site ————肽基位或P位peroxidase ————过氧化物酶phenylalanine ————苯丙氨酸phosphatidic acid ————磷脂酸phosphogluconate ————磷酸葡萄糖酸phospholipase ————磷脂酶plasmid ————质粒polycistron ————多作用子polypeptide ————多肽porphyrin ————卟啉precipitation ————沉淀preproalbumin ————前清蛋白原primary structure ————一级结构primase ————引发酶primer ————引物glucogenic amino acid ————生糖氨基酸glucokinase ————葡萄糖激酶gluconeogenesis ————糖(原)异生作用glutamic acid ————谷氨酸glutaminase ————谷氨酰胺酶glutamine ————谷氨酰胺glutathione ————谷胱甘肽glycerol ————甘油glycine ————甘氨酸glycogen ————糖原glycogen phosphorylase ————糖原磷酸化酶glycogen synthase ————糖原合成酶glycolysis ————糖酵解guanosine ————鸟苷helicase ————解链酶(解旋酶)heme ————血红素heteroduplex ————杂化双链hexokinase ————己糖激酶histamine ————组胺histidine ————组氨酸housekeeping gene ————管家基因hybridization ————杂交hydrogen bond ————氢键hydrolase ————水解酶类hydroperoxidases ————氢过氧化酶类hydrophobic bond (hydrophobic interaction) ————疏水键hydroxyapatite ————羟磷灰石hydroxymethylglutaryl CoA cleavage enzyme ————HMG CoA裂解酶hydroxymethylglutaryl CoA synthetase ————HMG CoA合酶Hydroxyproline ————羟脯氨酸acceptor site ————受位acetone ————丙酮activator ————激活蛋白,激活剂,活化物adenine (A) ————腺嘌呤adenosine ————腺苷aerobic dehydrogenase ————需氧脱氢酶alanine ————丙氨酸albumin ————白蛋白,清蛋白allopurinol ————别嘌呤醇allosteric effect ————别构(位)效应allosteric enzyme ————变构酶,别位酶allosteric regulation ————别构调节amine ————胺aminoacyl site ————A位,氨酰基位anticodon ————反密码子arginine ————精氨酸ascorbic acid ————抗坏血酸(维生素C)asparagine ————天冬酰胺aspartic acid ————天冬氨酸asymmetric transcription ————不对称转录attenuator ————衰减子base ————碱基base pairing ————碱基配对bile pigment ————胆色素biotin ————生物素biotransformation ————生物转化calcitriol ————1,25二羟胆骨化醇(钙三醇)calcium dependent protein kinase ————Ca依赖性蛋白激酶,蛋白激酶C(C激酶) Calmodulin <生物化学Biochemistry>carbohydrate ————糖carnitine ————肉毒碱catalase ————触酶,过氧化氢酶cephalin ————脑磷脂de novo synthesis ————从头合成degradation ————降解denaturation ————变性deoxycholic acid ————脱氧胆酸deoxyribonucleotide ————脱氧核糖核苷酸dialysis ————透析dihydroxyacetone phosphate ————磷酸二羟丙酮disulfide bond ————二硫键DNA polymerase ————DNA聚合酶domain ————域,结构域,功能区donor site ————给位double helix ————双螺旋effector ————效应器,效应物elongation ————延长endopeptidase ————内肽酶enhancer ————增强子enolphosphopyruvate ————磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸enzyme ————酶essential amino acid ————必需氨基酸essential fatty acid ————必需脂肪酸exon ————外显子exopeptidase ————外肽酶fat ————脂肪feedback inhibition ————反馈抑制作用feritin ————铁蛋白ferrochelatase ————亚铁螯合酶folic acid ————叶酸free fatty acid ————游离脂肪酸free radicals ————自由基fructose diphosphatase ————果糖二磷酸酶gene cloning ————基因克隆gene expression ————基因表达gene library ————基因文库gene transfer ————基因导入,转基因genetic code ————遗传密码genetic engineering ————基因工程genetic recombination ————基因重组genome ————染色体基因,基因组globin ————珠蛋白hypocalcemia ————低钙血症induction ————诱导initiator codon ————起动信号,起始密码子intermediary metabolism ————中间代谢ionic bond ————离子键isocitrate dehydrogenase ————异柠檬酸脱氢酶isoleuc ine ————异亮氨酸isomerase ————异构酶类isozyme ————同工酶jaundice ————黄疸ketogenic amino acid ————生酮氨基酸key enzyme ————关键酶kinase ————激酶lactate ————乳酸盐lecithin ————卵磷脂leucine ————亮氨酸ligase ————连接酶linoleate ————亚油酸linolenate ————亚麻酸lipoic acid ————硫辛酸lipoid ————类脂lipoprotein ————脂蛋白lithocholic acid ————石胆酸lyases ————裂合酶类malate ————苹果酸malate aspartate shuttle ————苹果酸天冬氨酸穿梭metabolic regulation ————代谢调节mitogen activated protein kinase ————分裂原活化蛋白激酶mixed function oxidase ————混合功能氧化酶molecular cloning ————分子克隆molecular disease ————分子病monooxygenase ————单加氧酶monooxygenase system ————单加氧酶体系nicotinamide ————烟酰胺,尼克酰胺nitrogen balance ————氮平衡pyruvate carboxylase ————丙酮酸羧化酶pyruvate dehydrogenase complex ————丙酮酸脱氢酶复合体pyruvate kinase ————丙酮酸激酶quaternary structure ————四级结构recombinant DNA————重组DNAgenetic engineering ————基因工程regulatory gene ————调节基因renaturation ————复性repair ————修复replication ————复制repression ————阻遏residue ————残基respiratory chain ————呼吸链restriction endonuclease ————限制性内切核酸酶retinol ————视黄醇(维生素A)reverse transcriptase ————逆转录酶reverse transcription ————逆转录作用salting out ————盐析salvage pathway ————补救(重新利用)途径screening ————筛选secondary structure ————二级结构semiconservative replication ————半保留复制sense strand ————有意义链sequence ————序列serine ————丝氨酸signal recognition particle ————信号肽识别颗粒silencer ————抑制子simple protein ————单纯蛋白质specificity ————特异性splicing ————剪接作用squalene ————鲨烯stage specificity ————阶段特异性stercobilinogen ————粪胆素原stress ————应激structural gene ————结构基因substrate ————作用物substrate level phosphorylation ————作用物(底物)水平磷酸化subunit ————亚单位,亚基succinate dehydrogenase ————琥珀酸脱氢酶supersecondary structure ————超二级结构Taurine ————牛磺酸telomerase ————端粒酶telomere ————端区(端粒)template strand ————模板链termination ————终止terminator ————终止子terminator codon ————终止信号tertiary structure ————三级结构thiamine ————硫胺素(维生素B1) threonine ————苏氨酸thymidine ————胸苷,胸腺嘧啶核苷thymine (T) ————胸腺嘧啶tocopherol ————生育酚proalbumin ————清蛋白原processing ————加工proenzyme ————酶原proline ————脯氨酸promoter ————启动基因(启动子),催化剂prosthetic group ————辅基protease ————蛋白酶pyridoxal ————吡哆醛pyridoxamine ————吡哆胺。
生化英汉互译-名词解释
肽peptide 糖异生gluconeogenesis甘油三酯triglyceride 信号肽signal peptide磷脂phospholipid 翻译translation胆固醇cholesterol 遗传密码genetic codon脂蛋白lipoprotein 生物转化biotransformation脂肪酸fatty acid 胆汁酸bile acid乳糜微粒chylomicra CM 蛋白激酶protein kinase PK酮体ketone bodies 结构域domain极低密度脂蛋白very low density lipoprotein 变性denaturation低密度脂蛋白low density lipoprotein 碱基base高密度脂蛋白high density lipoprotein 双螺旋double helix转氨基作用transamination 酶enzyme关键酶key enzyme 核酶ribozyme半保留复制semiconservative replication 酶原zymogen端粒telomere 同工酶isoenzyme逆转录酶reverse transcriptase 变构调节allosteric编码链coding strand 共价修饰调节covalent modification 外显子exon 呼吸链respiratory chain内含子intron 氧化磷酸化oxidative phosphorylation 剪接cleavage splicing 葡萄糖glucose启动子promoter 反密码子anticodon有氧氧化aerobic oxidation 脂类lipids糖酵解glycolysis 柠檬酸循环citrate cycle三羧酸循环tricarboxylic acid cycle 糖原glycogen磷酸戊糖途径pentose phosphate pathway 血糖blood sugar生化名词解释1、结构域:指一些较大的蛋白质分子,其三级结构中具有两个或多个在空间上可明显区别的局部区域。
生化英汉互译
关键酶:key enzyme 化学修饰调节:chemical modification变构调节:allosteric regulation 应激:stress反馈抑制:feedback inhibition 代谢组学:metabolomics生物转化:biotransformation 加单氧酶:monooxygenase尿苷二磷酸葡萄糖醛酸:UDPGA 3'-磷酸腺苷5'-磷酸硫酸:PAPS胆汁酸:bile acid 结合胆红素:conjugated bilirulin非蛋白氮:non protein nitrogen 2,3-二磷酸甘油酸:2,3-diphosphoglycerate(2,3-BPG)促红细胞生成素:erythropoietin,EPO 血红素:heme卟啉症:porphyria 复制:replication半保留复制:semiconservative replication 双向复制:bidirectional replication半不连续复制:semidiscontinuous replication 复制子:replicon复制起始点:replication origin 岗崎片段:Okazaki fragment模板:template 引物: primerDNA聚合酶:DNA polymerase Klenow片段:klenow fragment解链酶:helicase 拓扑异构酶:topoisomeraseDNA连接酶:DNA ligase 引物酶:primase端粒:telomere 端粒酶:telomerase逆转录:reverse transcription 逆转录酶:reverse transcriptase切除修复:excision repairing 突变:mutation点突变:point mutation 框移突变:frame shift mutation。
生化名词英汉
供学生使用的《生物化学》重要术语中英语对照碳水化合物(carbohydrate)单糖(monosaccharide)寡糖(oligosaccharide)多糖(polysaccharide)醛糖(aldose)酮糖(ketose)蔗糖(sucrose)乳糖(lactose)麦芽糖(maltose)纤维二糖(cellobiose)多糖(polysaccharides)淀粉(starch)直链淀粉(amylose)支链淀粉(amylopectin)纤维素(cellulose)半纤维素(hemicellulose)糖原(glycogen)几丁质(chitin)糖胺聚糖(glycosaminolgycan)脂类(lipids)脂肪酸(fatty acid)甘油三酯(glycerol triester)亲水脂类(amphipathic lipids)蜡(wax)磷酸甘油脂(phosphoglyceride)甘油磷脂(glycerophospholipid)磷脂酰胆碱(phosphatidylcholine)磷脂酰乙醇胺(phosphatidylethanolamine)磷脂酰丝氨酸(phoshatidylserine)磷脂酰肌醇(phosphatidylinositol, PI)肌醇三磷酸(inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate,IP3)二脂酰甘油(diacylglycerol,DAG)磷脂酸(phosphatidic acid,PA)磷脂酶A2(phospholipase A2,PLA2)磷脂酶C(phospholipase C,PLC)磷脂酶D(phospholipase D,PLD)溶血磷脂(1ysophospholipid)鞘磷脂(sphingomyelin)神经酰胺(ceramide)类固醇(steroids)萜类(terpenes)胆固醇(cholesterol)麦角固醇(ergosterol)蛋白质protein简单蛋白质simple protein氨基酸amino acid结合蛋白质conjugated protein多肽polypeptide肽peptide肽键peptide bond介电常数dielectric constant范德华力van der waals force层析法chromatography吸附层析法adsorption chromatography分配系数partition or distribution confficient活性肽active peptide二硫键disulfide bond兼性离子zwitterion一级结构primary structure疏水效应hydrophobic effectSDS-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳SDS-PAGE毛细管电泳(capillary eletrophoresis, CE)离子交换层析ion exchange chromatography 同源蛋白homologous protein构象conformation构象角conformatiomal angle糖脂(glycolipid)糖基甘油酯(glycosylglyceride)鞘糖脂(glycosphingolipid)脑苷脂(cerebroside)N-乙酰神经氨酸(N-acetylneuraminic acid)神经节苷脂(ganglioside)硫酸脑苷脂(cerebroside sulfate)糖蛋白(glycoproteins)蛋白聚糖(proteoglycans)生物膜(biomembrane)膜脂(membrane lipids)膜蛋白(membrane proteins)脂质双层分子(lipid bilayers)外周蛋白(peripheral protein)外源性(extrinsic protein)内在蛋白(integral protein)内源性蛋白(intrinsic protein)跨膜蛋白(transmembrane proteins)流动镶嵌模型(fluid mosaic model)简单扩散(simple diffusion)协助扩散(facilitated diffusion)被动运输(passive transport)主动运输(active transport)介导性运输(mediated transport)非介导性运输(nonmediated transport)载体蛋白(carrier protein)通道蛋白(channel protein)离子通道(ionic channel)离子载体(ionophore)内吞作用(endocytosis)胞饮作用”(pinocytosis)外排作用(exocytosis)基团转移(group translocation)脂蛋白(lipoprotein)染色体(chromosome)染色质(chromatin)组蛋白(histone)核小体(nucleosome)病毒(virus)噬菌体(bacteriophage或简称phage)变性denaturation沉降系数(S)Svedberg(S)抗体antibody亲和层析法affinity chromatography盐溶salting in盐析salting out二级结构secondary structure三级结构tertiary structureα-螺旋α-helix超二级结构super-secondaery structure 结构域structure domain氢键hydrogen bend疏水相互作用hydrophoblic interaction 肌红蛋白myoglobin寡聚蛋白质oligomeric protein无规则卷曲randon coil复性renaturation镰刀状细胞贫血病sickle-cell anermia 酶(enzyme)酶的专一性(specificity)单体酶(monomeric enzyme)寡聚酶(oligomeric enzyme)多酶复合体系(multienzyme system)酶活性中心(active center of enzyme)催化基团(catalytic site)酶原(zymogen or proenzyme)诱导契合(induced-fit theory)抗体酶(abzyme)酸碱催化(acid-base catalysis)共价催化(covalent catalysis)激活剂(activator)抑制剂(inhibitor)可逆抑制(reversible inhibition)竞争性抑制作用(competitive inhibition)非竞争性抑制作用(noncompetitive inhibition)调节酶(modulator)别构酶(allosteric enzyme)同配位效应(isosteric effect)变构效应(allosteric effect)变构激活(allosteric activation )正协同效应(positive cooperative effect)负协同效应(negative cooperative effect)效应物(effector)维生素(vitamin)维生素缺少症(avitaminosis)调节中心(regulatory center)催化亚基(catalytic subunit)调节亚基(regulatory subunit)诱导酶(induced enzyme)结构酶(structural enzyme)核酶(ribozyme)辅酶(coenzyme)比活力(specific activity)脱氧核酶(deoxyribozyme)酶工程(enzyme engineering)酶纯度(purity of enzyme)酶活力(enzyme activity)α-淀粉酶(α-amylase)β-淀粉酶(β-amylase)脱支酶(debranching enzyme)淀粉的磷酸化酶(amylophosphorylase)糖酵解(glycolysis)三羧酸循环(tricarboxylic acid cycle,TCA)磷酸戊糖途径(pentose phosphate pathway,PPP)生物氧化(biological oxidation)烟酰胺脱氢酶类(nicotinamide dehydrogenase)黄素脱氢酶类(flavin dehydrogenase)铁硫蛋白类(iron-sulfur protein)泛醌(ubiquinone)细胞色素类(cytochromes)细胞色素氧化酶(cytochromeoxidase)鱼藤酮(rotenone)安密妥(amytal)杀粉蝶菌素(piericidine)抗霉素A(antimycin A)底物水平磷酸化(substrate-level phosphorylation)氧化磷酸化(oxidative phosphorylation)化学渗透假说(chemiosmotic coupling hypothesis)化学偶联假说(chemical coupling hypothesis)构象偶联假说(conformational coupling hypothesis)甘油-磷酸穿梭途径(glycerophosphate shuttle)苹果酸-天冬氨酸穿梭途径(malate- aspartate shuttle)异柠檬酸穿梭途径(isocitrate shuttle)能荷(energy charge)肉碱(肉毒碱,carnitine)乙醛酸体(乙醛酸循环体,glyoxysome)乙醛酸循环(glyoxylate cycle)酮体(ketone bodies)饱和脂肪酸的从头合成(de novo synthesis)谷氨酸脱氢酶(glutamate dehydrogenase, GDH)转氨基作用(transamination)转氨酶(transaminase)磷酸吡哆醛(pyridoxal phosphate,PLP)谷丙转氨酶(glutamic pyruvic transaminase,GPT或alanine transaminase,ALT)谷草转氨酶(glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase,GOT或aspartate transaminase,AST)γ-谷氨酰-半胱氨酸合成酶(γ-glutamyl systeine synthetase,γ-ECS)谷胱甘肽(glutathione)谷胱甘肽合成酶(glutathione synthetase)生物固氮(biological nitrogen fixation)固氮酶(nitrogenase)自身固氮微生物(diazatrophs)共生固氮微生物(symbiotic microorganism)硝酸还原酶(nitrate reductase,NR)亚硝酸还原酶(nitrite reductase,NiR)谷氨酸合酶(glutamate: oxo-glutarate aminotransferase,GOGA T)谷氨酰胺合成酶(glutamine synthetase,GS)腺苷-5'-磷酸硫酸酐(adenosine-5'-phosphosulfate,APS)3'-磷酸腺酐-5'-磷酰硫酸(3'-phosphoadenosine-5'-phosphosulfate,PAPS)5-磷酸核糖焦磷酸(phosphoribosyl pyrophosphaet,PRPP)天冬氨酸转氨甲酰酶(aspartate trsnscarbamoy lase)腺嘌呤磷酸核糖转移酶(adenine phosphoribosyl fransferase,APRT)黄嘌呤-鸟嘌呤磷酸核糖转移酶(hypoxanthineguanine phosphoribosyl transferase,HGPRT)谷胱甘肽还原酶(glutathione reductase,GR)谷氧还蛋白(glutaredoxin)谷氧还蛋白还原酶(glutaredoxin reductase)胸腺嘧啶核苷酸合酶(thymidylate synthase)DNA复制(DNA replication)中心法则(central dogma)冈崎片段(Okazaki fragement)前导链(leading strand)滞后链(lagging strand)引物(primer)复制叉(replication fork)半保留式复制(semiconservative replication)模板(template)反转录(reverse transcription)转换(transition)颠换(transversion)错配修复(mismatch repair)核苷酸切除修复(nucleotide excision repair)碱基切除修复(base excision repair)同源重组(homologous recombination)特异性重组(site-specific recombination)转座子(transposon)启动子(promoter)限制性内切酶(restriction endonuclease )修饰(modification)单链结合蛋白(single stranded binding proteins, SSB)遗传密码(genetic code)读码框架(reading frame)移码突变(frame-shift mutation)简并性(degeneracy)同义密码子(synonymous codon)起始密码子(initiatlon codon)终止密码子(termination codon)摆动假说(wobble hypothesis)同功受体tRNA(isoaccepting tRNA)反密码子(anticodon)多核糖体(polyribisome)氨酰-tRNA合成酶(aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase)Shine –Dalgarno序列(Shine –Dalgarno sequence)起始因子(initiation factor)延伸因子(elongation factor)释放因子(release factor)转肽(transpeptidation)移位(translocation)分子伴侣(molecular chapeones)共翻译转移(co-translational translocation)翻译后转移(post-translational translocation)信号肽(signal sequence)信号识别颗粒(signal recognition particle SPR)代谢(metabolism)代谢调节(metabolic regulation)共价修饰(covalent modification)反馈抑制(feedback inhibition)操纵子模型(operon model)衰减作用(attenuation)级联放大作用(amplification cascade)变(别)构效应(allosteric effect)诱导和阻遏(induction and repression)蛋白激酶C (protein kinase C,PKC)第二信使(second messenger)受体(receptor)G 蛋白(guanosine triphosphate-binding protein)信号转导(signal transduction)钙调素(calmodulin,CaM)磷酯酶(phospholipase C,PLC)。
生化英文单词汇总
生化单词表第一章蛋白质结构和功能Protein 蛋白质Amino acid 氨基酸Myoglobin 肌红蛋白Hemoglobin 血红蛋白2,3-Bisphosphoglycerate 2,3-二磷酸甘油酸protein physical-chemical properties蛋白理化性质Prion disease 朊蛋白病Scurvy坏血病Methemoglobinemia 高铁血红蛋白病Enzymes酶Catalysis催化作用Chiral手性Amino group氨基Carboxylic acid group 羧基Zwitterion 两性Protonation 质子化isoelectric point等电点Ionizable可解离的Homeostatsis稳态Polar极性uncharged 不带电的charged带点的acidic酸性的basic碱性的non-polar非极性hydrophilic亲水的hydrophobic疏水的aromatic AA 芳香氨基酸hydroxyl group羟基sulfur-containing AAs 含硫氨基酸amide 酰胺imino acid 亚氨基酸polypeptide backbone多肽骨架Essential AminoAcids必需氨基酸Monomer单体Polymer聚合物multi-subunit多亚基Primary structure一级结构Secondary structure二级结构Tertiary structure 三级结构Quanternary structure四级结构hydrogen bond氢键Peptide Bonds肽键condensation reaction 缩合反应Polypeptide 多肽alpha helix a 螺旋beta-sheet beta折叠beta turn beta转角Right-handed helix 右手螺旋Isomers异构体MotifT模体fibrous proteins纤维状蛋白globular proteins球形蛋白Intermediate filaments 中间丝蛋白cytoskeleton 骨架Keratin 角蛋白Extracellular matrix 细胞外基质Collagen胶原蛋白Elastin弹性蛋白Tendons肌腱Cartilage软骨Silk fibroin 丝蛋白Cornea角膜prolyl hydroxylase脯氨酸羟化酶a- ketoglutarate a-酮戊二酸ascorbate 抗坏血酸Antiparallel反平行Domain功能域Heme Group血红素基团Ferric ion (Fe3+) 高铁Ferrous ion (Fe2+) 亚铁Porphyrin卟啉.Nitrogen氮Hyperbolic抛物线的deoxy hemoglobin脱氧血红蛋白oxy hemoglobin 氧合血红蛋白Conformational 构象Subunit亚基cooperativebinding协同结合sigmoidal双曲线的Allostery 变构作用heterotropic effect异促效应homotropic effect 同促效应Hyperthyroidism甲状腺功能亢进phosphoglycerate mutase (PGM) 磷酸甘油变位酶erythrocytes红细胞Iron deficiency anemia 缺铁性贫血Chronic respiratory disease慢性呼吸系统疾病Hypoxia低氧pulmonary edema 肺水肿Antibodie抗体(immunoglobulins免疫球蛋白Bacteria细菌Virus病毒Pollen花粉Antigen抗原disulfide bonds 二硫键Sickle CellAnemia镰刀红细胞贫血Homozygous纯合的Autosomal accessive 常染色体隐性Denaturation变性Renaturation 复性Alcohol乙醇Chloroform氯仿Urea尿素Curdle凝乳Perming hair 烫发Ribonuclease 核糖核酸酶i2-mercaptoethanol 二巯基乙醇Ultrafiltration超滤Ultracentrifugation超速离心Electrophoresis电泳ion exchange chromatography离子交换层析chromatography层析UV absorption紫外吸收Dye binding染料结合Dialysis:透析semipermeable membrane半透膜Sedimentation coefficient, S沉降系数第二章核酸结构和功能NucleicAcids核酸Nucleotide核苷酸Nuclease核酸酶NitrogenousBases 含氮碱Nucleosides核苷NucleosidePhosphates 磷酸核苷Polynucleotides多核苷酸Pyrimidine嘧啶Cytosine 胞嘧啶Uracil 尿嘧啶Thymine 胸腺嘧啶Purine嘌呤Adenine 腺嘌呤Guanine 鸟嘌呤Derivatives衍生物D-riboseD-核糖2-deoxy-D-ribose 2-脱氧-D-核糖Pentoses 戊糖glycosidicbond 糖苷键anomeric异头碳triphosphates三磷酸glycogen糖原phosphodiester bond磷酸二酯键Ribonucleic acid 核糖核酸deoxyribonucleic acid 脱氧核糖核酸Base pairs 碱基对Canonical经典的major groove 大沟minor groove 小沟Supercoil超螺旋Cruciform十字形duplex helix 双螺旋Negative supercoiling 负超螺旋palindromic regions回文区域nucleosome核小体Chromatin染色质nucleoprotein complex和蛋白复合体histones 组蛋白Diameter直径Eukaryotic真核的Transcription转录Prokaryotes原核细胞Polycistron多顺反子Eukaryote真核细胞Monocistron单顺贩子Intron内含子Exon外显子Splicing 剪接Ribosome核糖体peptidyl transferase肽酰转移酶cytosol细胞浆Ribozyme核酶hyperchromic 增色的Stacked base pairs碱基堆积in native DNA absorbless lightHydrolysis水解Carcinogenesis致癌aryl hydrocarbons芳香烃Smokedand grilled foods烟熏和烧烤食物alkylate 烷基化第三章脂质代谢Amphipathic 同时具有亲水和厌水部分的,两性分子的Triacrylglycerol (TAG)/Triglyceride (TG) 三脂酰甘油/甘油三酯Phospholipids (PL) 磷脂Glycolipids (GL) 糖脂Cholesterol (CHOL) 胆固醇Cholesterol ester (CE) 胆固醇酯carboxylic acid羧酸Saturated/ unsaturated 饱和的/不饱和的Margarine 人造黄油、人造奶油Palmitic acid软脂酸; 棕榈酸,十六(烷)酸Stearic acid硬脂酸,十八酸Linoleic acid亚油酸,罂酸α-Linolenic acid α-亚麻酸Arachidonic acid花生四烯酸Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) 二十五碳五烯酸Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) 二十二碳六烯酸Essential Fatty Acids (EFA) 必需脂肪酸Glycerol 甘油Phosphatidylcholine磷脂酰胆碱、卵磷脂Phosphatidylethanolamine磷脂酰乙醇胺、脑磷脂cardiolipin 一种磷脂,亦称双磷脂酰甘油。
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Chapter 14 Protein Biosynthesis
第十四章 蛋白质的生物合成
Antibiotics 抗生素 Cap-site binding protein 帽子结合蛋白 Chloromycetin 氯霉素 Diphtheria toxin 白喉毒素 Eukaryote 真核生物 Genetic code 遗传密码 Insulin 胰岛素 Interferon 干扰素 Molecular chaperone 分子伴侣 Parathyroid hormone 甲状旁腺激素 Streptomycin 链霉素 Translational initiation complex 翻译起始复合物 Transpeptidase 转肽酶
丝氨酸/苏氨酸蛋白磷酸酶
Chapter 12 DNA Biosynthesis 第十二章 DNA生物合成
Bidirectional replication 双向复制 Endonuclease 内切核酸酶 Exonuclease 外切核酸酶 Gene expression 基因表达 Polymerases 聚合酶类 Primase 引发酶 Primosome 引发体 Proliferating cell nuclear antigen 增殖细胞核抗原 Recombination repairing 重组修复 Replicon 复制子 Reverse transcriptase 逆转录酶 Semiconservative replication 半保留复制 Single stranded DNA binding protein 单链DNA结合蛋白 Telomerase 端粒酶 Telomere 端粒 DNA topoisomerase DNA拓扑异构酶
Chapter 1 Nucleic Acid 第一章 核酸
Adenine 腺嘌呤 Adenosine 腺苷 Adenosine monophosphate 腺苷一磷酸 Chromatin 染色质 Cytosine 胞嘧啶 Cytidine 胞苷 Deoxyribonucleic acid 脱氧核糖核酸 Double helix 双螺旋 Genome 基因组 Genomics 基因组学 Guanine 鸟嘌呤 Guanosine 鸟苷
Chapter 11 Metabolic Regulation 第十一章 代谢调节
Chemical modification 化学修饰 Diabetes mellitus 糖尿病 Inducer 诱导物 Rate limiting enzymes 限速酶 Repressor 阻遏物 Serine/threonine protein phosphatase
Chapter 5 Enzymes 第五章 酶
Abzyme 抗体酶 Substrate 底物 Allosteric enzyme 变构酶 Competitive inhibition 竞争性抑制 Double reciprocal plot 双倒数作图 Essential group 必需基团 Hydrolases 水解酶类性抑制 Isomerases 异构酶类
Very low density lipoprotein 极低密度脂蛋白
Chapter 9 Protein Catabolism
第九章 蛋白质的分解代谢
S-adenosyl methionine S-腺苷蛋氨酸 Aminotransferase 氨基转移酶 Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase 氨基甲酰磷酸合成酶 Creatine phosphate 磷酸肌酸 Glutaminase 谷氨酰胺酶 Glutamate dehydrogenase 谷氨酸脱氢酶 Homocysteine 同型半胱氨酸 Nitrogen balance 氮平衡 Norepinephrine 去甲肾上腺素 3’-phosphoadenosine 5’-phosphosulfate 3’-磷酸腺苷 5’-磷酸硫酸 Polyamine 多胺 Proteosome 蛋白酶体 Purine nucleotide cycle 嘌呤核苷酸循环 Putrefaction 腐败作用 Spermine 精胺 Transaminase 转氨酶 Ubiquitin 泛素
Phosphatidyl ethanolamine 磷脂酰乙醇胺
Phosphatidyl inositol 磷脂酰肌醇 Prostaglandin 前列腺素 Sphingomyelin 鞘磷脂 Squalene 鲨烯 Triglyceride 甘油三酯 Triacylglycerol 三脂酰甘油 Thromboxane 血栓噁烷
Chapter 13 RNA Biosynthesis 第十三章 RNA生物合成
Cis-acting element 顺式作用元件 Hybrid duplex 杂化双链 Posttranscriptional processing 转录后加工 Promoter 启动子 Small nuclear RNA 小核RNA Splicesome 拼接体 Template strand 模板链
Ascorbic acid 抗坏血酸 Biotin 生物素 Carotenoid 类胡萝卜素 Cholecalciferol 胆钙化醇 Cobalamin 钴胺素 Flavin adenine dinucleotide 黄素腺嘌呤二核苷酸 Multiprenylmenaquinone 多异戊烯甲基萘醌 Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide 尼克酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸 Pantothenic acid 泛酸 Pyridoxal phosphate 磷酸吡哆醛 Retinol binding protein 视黄醇结合蛋白 Riboflavin 核黄素 Tetrahydrofolic acid 四氢叶酸 Thiamin pyrophosphate 焦磷酸硫胺素 Tocopherol 生育酚
Heparan 类肝素 Heparan sulfate 硫酸类肝素 Hyaluronic acid 透明质酸 Integrin 整合蛋白 Keratan sulfate 硫酸角质素 Laminin 层连蛋白 Proteoglycan 蛋白聚糖 Selectin 选择素
Chapter 4 Vitamins 第四章 维生素
Chapter 2 Proteins 第二章 蛋白质
Alanine 丙氨酸 Amino acids 氨基酸 Arginine 精氨酸 Asparagine 天冬酰胺 Aspartic acid 天冬氨酸 Cysteine 半胱氨酸 Glutamic acid 谷氨酸 Glutamine 谷氨酰胺 Glutathione 谷胱甘肽 Glycine 甘氨酸 Hemoglobin 血红蛋白 Histidine 组氨酸 Isoleucine 异亮氨酸 Leucine 亮氨酸 Lysine 赖氨酸 Methionine 蛋氨酸
Glyceraldehydes-3-phosphate dehydrogenase 3-磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶
Glycogen 糖原 Glycogenesis 糖原生成 Glycogenolysis 糖原分解 Glycolysis 糖酵解 Hexokinase 己糖激酶
-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex
Kinetics of enzyme catalyzed reactions Ligases 连接酶类 Lyases 裂合酶类 Oxidoreductases 氧化还原酶类 Prosthetic group 辅基 Reversible inhibition 可逆性抑制 Specificity 特异性 Transferases 转移酶类 Zymogen 酶原
Chapter 10 Nucleotide Metabolism 第十章 核苷酸的代谢
De novo synthesis 从头合成 6-mercaptopurine 6-巯基嘌呤 Phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate 磷酸核糖焦磷酸 Salvage pathway 补救途径 Thioredoxin reductase 硫氧还蛋白还原酶
Chapter 8 Lipid Metabolism 第八章 脂类代谢
Acetoacetate 乙酰乙酸 Acyl carrier protein 酰基载体蛋白 Apolipoprotein 载脂蛋白 Arachidonic acid 花生四烯酸 Cardiolipin 心磷脂
Carnitine acyl transferase 肉碱-脂酰转移酶
Messenger RNA 信使RNA Nucleoside triphosphate 核苷三磷酸 Nucleosome 核小体 Purine 嘌呤 Pyrimidine 嘧啶 Ribonucleic acid 核糖核酸 Ribosomal RNA 核糖体RNA Ribozyme 核酶 Transfer RNA 转运RNA Uracil 尿嘧啶 Uridine 尿苷
酶促反应动力学
Chapter 6 Carbohydrate Metabolism 第六章 糖代谢
Aerobic oxidation 有氧氧化 Citrate synthase 柠檬酸合酶 Fructose-6-phosphate 果糖-6-磷酸 Gluconeogenesis 葡糖异生 Glucose 葡萄糖
Chapter 7 Biologic Oxidation 第七章 生物氧化
Catalase 过氧化氢酶 Cytochrome 细胞色素 Electron transfer chain 电子传递链 Flavoprotein 黄素蛋白 Glycerophosphate shuttle 磷酸甘油穿梭 Iron-sulfur protein 铁硫蛋白 Malate-aspartate shuttle 苹果酸-天冬氨酸穿梭 Monooxygenase 加单氧酶 Oxidative phosphorylation 氧化磷酸化 Perioxidase 过氧化物酶 Superoxide dismutase 超氧化物歧化酶 Ubiquinone 泛醌