八年级时间状语从句教案

2013年8 年级下教案

第几讲: 9

教学课题：Module 8 Public holidays

教学目标：1..课文中重点单词、词组、句子的理解与掌握

2.课文与单词的朗读与翻译要求掌握

3语法：时间状语从句

教学重点：课文与单词的朗读与翻译要求掌握

教学难点：语法：时间状语从句

教学过程:

一．Greetings

二．Dictation

1Words 2 phrases 3 sentences:

三．语法——时间状语从句

定义:英语中可以用句子表达一件事情或一个行为发生的时间，这个句子就叫时间状语从句。时间状语从句常用when, as, while, before, after, since, till, until, as soon as等连词来引导。

1.由when引导的时间状语从句

When意为“当…的时候”，when引导的从句的谓语动词可以是延续性的动词，又可以是瞬间动词。Eg：When the teacher came in, the students stopped talking.

He knocked at the door , when my mother was sleeping.

2.由while引导的时间状语从句“与…同时，在…期间”，谓语动词必须是延续性动词。EG：Lucy was cleaning the room while Lily was listening to music.

3. 由before/after 引导的时间状语从句，before“在…之前”，after“在…之后”

Eg：He went to the office before he visited Mr. Zhong.

I called Betty after I finished the homework.

4. 由until引导的时间状语从句，“直到…为止”，not until “直到…才”

Eg：He stayed in the room until his mother came back .

We didn’t begin the meeting until the boss came.

5. 由as soon as 引导的时间状语从句，“一…就”

Eg：I took out the notebook as soon as the class began.

四．时间状语从句要注意的几个地方

（1）例如：

It was raining hard（rain hard 下大雨）when got to school yesterday.

While he was doing his homework, the telephone rang.

As he walked along（沿着走）the lake, he sang happily.

He had learned a little Chinese before he came to China.

After he finished middle school, he went to work in a factory.

(2)在时间状语从句里，通常不用将来时态，用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。例如：I’ll ring you up as soon as I get to New York.

I will tell him everything when he comes back.

He won’t believe it until he sees it with his own eyes.

(3)在带有till或until引导的时间状语从句的主从复合句里，如果主句用肯定式，其含义是“一

直到……时”，谓语动词只能用延续性动词。如果主句用否定式，其含义是“直到……才……”, “在……以前不……”, 谓语动词可用瞬间动词。例如：

The young man read till the light went out（熄灭）.

Let’s wait until the rain stops.

We won’t start until Bo b comes.

Don’t get off（从下来）until the bus stops.

【Till是指直到某一特定事件发生的时候，而在那个时刻之后，该事情或状况仍将持续。Until是指直到某一特定事件发生的时候，而讲话的人在自己心里认为，在那个时刻之后，该事情或该状况将中止（不怎么可能持续）。固定组合里from morning till night，till/until是不能替换的，】

五．when, while 和as 引导时间状语从句的用法区别

这三个词的意思很简单，都有“当……时候”的意思。

一、when 的用法

如果只从现象来看，when 从句用的最多的是一般过去时，而主句的时态没有限制,根据具体情况而定。

1. When he was a child he was always trying out new ideas.

2. When she came into my room, I was just reading a book. 她走进我房间时，我正在看书。

3. Were you writing when the teacher came in? 老师进来的时候，你在写信吗？

4. Sorry, I was out when you called me. 对不起，你打电话来的时候我出去了。

5. He was on the point of leaving when someone knocked at the door. 他正要走，这时有人敲门。

6. I thought of it just when you opened your mouth. 就在你要说话的时候，我也想到了。

7. I had hardly[scarcely] closed my eyes when someone knocked at the door.

根据以上的例句，我们可以总结出一点：when 从句的A事件，相当于另一个事件B 发生的时间点。也就是说，when 从句的重点不在动作本身发生的状态，而只是把它作为一个时间点，所以when 多数情况下用的是一般过去时，则不用正在进行时。因为如果用正在进行时，它表示的就是一段时间而不是一个时间点了。根据这一点，有的文章补充说：when 从句的动词大多是瞬时动词。这种说法也可以参照。

实际上，when 从句也可以有其它的时态，但几乎也不用进行时，因为它也只是作为一个时间参照点。例如：1. When I got to the airport, the guests had left. 2. When he had finished his homework, he took a short rest.3. Why do you want a new job when you have got such a good one already?4. You shall borrow the book when I have finished reading it.

5. When the manager comes here for a visit next week, I’ll talk with him about this.

二、while 的用法

相比于when 来说，while 从句的侧重点就不一样了。while 从句的侧重点在于描述动作正在发生的状态，它的意思是：当while 事件正在发生的时候，另一件事如何如何。所以，while 从句一般用的是正在进行时。而另一件事的状态没有硬性的要求，根据具体情况而定。例如：1. While my wife was reading the newspaper, I was watching TV.

当妻子正在看报纸的时候，我正在看电视。

2. While Jim was mending his bike, Lin Tao came to see him.