初中英语名词讲解及专项练习(含答案)

初中英语名词讲解及专项练习（含答案）

1．名词

一．介绍名词含义:名词是表示人、事物、地方或抽象概念的词。

二．名词的分类：

专有名词( 人名，地名，机构)

William，Linda, Canada，China，the United Nations, WTO

普通名词

可数名词: 包括单数(只有一个) 和复数(两个以上).

不可数名词: 只有单数.

物质名词milk，water，tea，bread，beef, meat, rice，fish，coffee，sugar，salt

抽象名词information，friendship，knowledge，work，advice，science, news,weather

三．重点:

单数名词变复数名词的规则：

1. 一般情况下，加“s”. eg: books，stamps，pens，tables

2. 以“s, x, ch, sh”结尾的，加“es”

eg: buses，boxes，foxes，watches，matches，beaches，coaches, brushes

3. 以“o ”, 结尾的，加“es ”or “s ”

eg: Negroes [ˈni:grəʊ]、heroes、volcanoes [vɒlˈkeɪnəʊ]、tomatoes、potatoes、

radios、pianos、zoos、photos、bamboos、video

需加es的记忆技巧：黑人（Negro）英雄（hero）在火山上（volcano）爱吃西红柿（tomato）和土豆（potato）

4.以“辅音字母+ y”结尾的，把“y”变为“i”，再加“es ”.

eg: city -- cities，country -- countries，family -- families, story -- stories 5. 以“f”或“fe”结尾的，把“f”或“fe”变为“ves”。

eg: thief—thieves wife—wives life -- lives half—halves leaf -- leaves，knife -- knives，wolf –wolves, shelf—shelves, loaf—loaves

记忆技巧：贼人（thief）的妻子（wife）在她一生（life）中用半（half）片树叶（leaf）当刀子（knife）杀死了七匹狼（wolf）然后去偷架子（shelf）上的面包（loaf）。

6）不规则变化：

man - men，woman - women，policeman - policemen, child - children，ox - oxen

foot - feet，tooth - teeth, goose - geese, mouse - mice，fish - fish，sheep - sheep

deer - deer，means–means，Chinese - Chinese，Japanese - Japanese 注意：当man / woman 作定语、修饰复数名词时，man / woman 与所修饰的名词要同时变为复数。

例如：a man teacher --- men teachers;

a woman teacher --- women teachers

四．重点：

名词的所有格（--- 的）

（1）单数名词词尾加's；以s 结尾的单数名词，则只加’.

the boy’s bag；Mary’s cap；Mr James’office

（2）复数名词如果不以s 结尾，则加's ；复数名词如果以s 结尾，则只加’.

the Children’s Palace men’s room

the teachers’reading-room 10 minutes’walk

（3）如果表示几个人共有一样东西，只需在最后一个人的名字后面加's .如果表示各自所有，就必须在各个名字后面加's .

This is Tom and Mark’s room.

These are Tom’s and Mark’s rooms.

（4）the + 名词·of ·名词

the windows of the house

the name of the city

the picture of the Tom

's 结构也可以转换成of结构

the girl’s name -- the name of the girl

Tom’s friend -- the friend of Tom

（5）a + 名词·of ·名词's / a + 名词·of ·名词性物主代词( 表示“其中之一”)

a picture of Tom’s ; a friend of mine

名词专项训练

1．-- Are there any in the zoo ?

-- Yes, there are some.

A. panda

B. lion

C. tiger

D. deer

2．There is only one doctor and several nurses in this hospital.

A. man / woman

B. man / women

C. men / woman

D. men / women 3．-- What can I do for you ?

-- I’d like two .

A. bottle of orange juice

B. bottle of orange juices

C. bottles of orange juice

D. bottles of orange juices

4．This is bedroom. The twin sisters like it very much.

A. Anna and Jane

B. Anna’s and Jane’s

C. Anna’s and Jane

D. Anna and Jane’s

5．We’ll have a holiday. What about going to the Great Wall ? A. four days B. four-day C. four-days D. four day’s

6．Paul has friends except me, and sometimes he feels lonely.

A. many

B. some

C. few

D. more