电解法制备高铁酸钾的合成研究

电解法制备高铁酸钾的合成研究

摘要

高铁酸钾具有很强的氧化性、选择性以及环境友好特性。人们发现高铁酸钾可以作为一种高效、无毒的环境友好型多功能水处理剂；高铁酸钾具有很好的选择性，还可用于有机合成；此外，高铁酸钾还可以用作高能的“超铁”电池的电极材料。因此，高铁酸钾在以上几个领域具有很好的应用前景。但是高铁酸钾的稳定性差，制备和提纯工艺复杂，合成条件苛刻；至今尚未得到公认的成熟的生产工艺。本文主要研究直接电解法制备高铁酸钾。

研究电解法制备高铁酸钾的最佳工艺条件，研究电解质溶液的浓度、温度、电流密度、电解时间等工艺参数对高铁酸钾的产量的影响。提高NaOH的浓度可以增加高铁酸钾的产量，当浓度增加到16mol/L时，产量会下降。升高温度对高铁酸钾产量的提高非常显著，随温度升高在30℃出现高铁酸钾产量最大值，随后产量急剧下降。同样电流密度、电解时间对高铁酸钾产量的影响都是先增大再减小，中间存在一个最大值，分别为53mA/cm2，6h。

实验表明：根据对单因素实验数据进行正交实验处理得出64.2mA/cm2，14mol/LNaOH，30℃，6h为最佳的工艺参数。

关键词：固体高铁酸钾；电解合成；电流密度

Study on Electrochemical Process Preparation

of Potassium Ferrate（VI）

Abstract

The iron(VI) derivation, potassium ferrate(VI)(Fe(VI)) has properties such as oxidizing power,selectivity, and a non-toxic by-product Fe(III),that make potassium ferrate(VI) an environmentally friendly oxidant for several applications. Potassium ferrate has been considered for years to treat with natural waters and wastewaters, because of its environmental friendly properties and its high efficiency. Fe(VI) is also a selective oxidant for a large number of organic compounds with Fe(III) as a by-product.Fe(VI) therefore has a role in greener technology for organic synthesis.Moreover,Ferrate has also been recently used in a new class of “super-iron”batteries，referred to as super-iron batteries, there use the Fe(VI)/Fe(III) system as anode material.In this paper we reported an electrochemical method generation of ferrate.

Study prepared by electrolysis of potassium ferrate optimum conditions to study the concentration of electrolyte solution, temperature, current density, electrolysis time of processing parameters on the production of potassium ferrate impact. NaOH to raise the concentration of potassium can increase the output of the high-speed railway, when the increased concentration of 16mol / L, the output will be dropped. Elevated temperature on the production of potassium ferrate was significantly improved, with the temperature at 30 ℃Ferrate high production value, followed by sharp decline in production. The same current density, electrolysis time on the high yield of Ferrate are further reduced to increase the middle there is a maximum, respectively 53mA/cm2, 6h.

Experiments show that, single factor experiment based on orthogonal experimental processing data obtained 64.2mA/cm2, 14mol/LNaOH, 30 ℃, 6h the technical parameters for the best

Keywords：Potassium ferrate(VI)；Electrochemical Method；current density

目录

摘要....................................................................................................................................... I Abstract .................................................................................................................................. I I 前言 (1)

第1章绪论 (3)

1.1 高铁酸钾的基本性质 (3)

1.1.1 高铁酸钾的结构 (3)

1.1.2 高铁酸钾的电化学性质 (3)

1.1.3 高铁酸钾的稳定性 (4)

1.2 高铁酸钾的分析方法 (5)

1.3 高铁酸钾的应用 (5)

1.3.1 高铁酸钾在水处理中的应用 (5)

1.3.2 高铁酸钾在有机氧化合成中的应用 (6)

1.3.3 作为碱性电池的正极活性物质 (7)

1.3.4 在其他方面的应用 (7)

1.4高铁酸钾的制法 (7)

1.4.1 熔融法 (7)

1.4.2 次氯酸盐氧化法 (8)

1.4.3 电解法 (9)

1.5 本文的研究内容 (12)

第2章实验部分 (14)

2.1 主要实验仪器与药品 (14)

2.2 电解制备高铁酸钾 (15)

2.2.1 电解装置示意图 (15)

2.2.2 电解过程 (16)

2.2.3 结晶 (17)

2.2.4 k2FeO4的纯度分析 (18)

2.2.5 高铁酸钾的稳定性研究 (18)

第3章结果与讨论 (20)