汽车变速器毕业设计

航天职业技术学院汽车六档变速器毕业设计

专业 xxxxxxxxxx 班级 xxxxxxxxxxxxxx 学号___ xxxxxxxxxx __ 姓名___ xxxxxxxxxx_ ___ 指导教师 xxxxxxxxxxxx 起止日期 xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx

机电信息工程系

摘要

作为汽车传动系统的重要组成部分，变速器对整车的动力性与经济性、操纵的可靠性与轻便性、传动的平稳性与效率都有着较为直接的影响。虽然传统机械式的手动变速器具有换档冲击大，体积大，操纵麻烦等诸多缺点，但仍以其传动效率高、生产制造工艺成熟以及成本低等特点，广泛应用于现代汽车上。

本文在深入了解和学习变速器开发流程和相关设计理论知识的前提下，首先确定该微型汽车手动变速器的设计方案，包括齿轮和轴的总布置形式、换档操纵机构及档位布置形式等；其次根据所配发动机的基本参数以及考虑到整车动力性和经济性要求下的传动比，设计计算出变速器主要零件的相关参数，通过对设计参数的分析，找到影响手动变速器性能的因素，完成齿轮、轴和轴承等主要零件以及同步器同步过程的分析。同时针对各影响因素结合变速器的结构和目标性能进行优化。在提高传动效率，换挡舒适性，整机NVH性能，轻量化等方面进行研究。

关键词：手动变速器传动效率 NVH性能轻量化

Abstract

As an important part of automobile transmission, gearbox not only has a direct i-mpact on the vehicle’s power and economy, also affects the operation reliability andease, transmission stability and efficiency．Although the traditional mechanical manual transmission has many disadvantages，such as large shift shock, huge volumeand complicated control，it is still widely used in modem cars for its advantages ofhigh transmission efficiency, mature production technique and more importantly lowcost．

This thesis firmly confirms the design plan of manual gearbox of micro car, basing on the comprehension and study on gearbox development process as well asrelevant theories．The design plan includes the layout of gear and shaft, layout of gearshifting operation mechanism，etc．Secondly based on the essential parameter offurnished engine and the requir ed transmission ratio of the vehicle’s powerperformance，the related parameters on main components of gearbox are worked out．Via analysis to design parameters，finds out the factors which take effects on theperformance of manual gearbox．This thesis completes gear, shaft and bearing main parts and synchronizer synchronous process analysis. Considering all the factors combined with the structure of the performance target and transmission is optimized .In improve the transmission efficiency, the shifting comfort ability, the overall performance of NVH, lightweight, etc,

Key word: manual transmission transmission efficiency NVH performance lightweight

目录

摘要......................................................................................................................................... I Abstract...................................................................................................................................... I I 一、绪论 .. (1)

(一)选题的背景及意义 (1)

(二)国外研究状况 (2)

(三)研究的容 (4)

二、变速器方案的确定 (4)

(一)变速器结构方案的确定 (5)

1.变速器传动机构的结构分析与型式选择 (5)

2.倒挡传动方案 (11)

(二)变速器主要零件结构方案的分析 (12)

1.齿轮型式 (12)

2.换挡机构型式 (12)

三、变速器主要参数的选择 (14)

(一)变速器主要参数的选择 (14)

1.挡数和传动比 (14)

2.中心距 (16)

3.轴向尺寸 (16)

4.齿轮参数 (16)

四、主要零件的选择 (18)

(一)各档传动比机器齿轮齿数的确定 (18)

1.确定各挡齿轮的齿数 (18)