数控火焰切割机设计论文

中文摘要

摘要

本课题所设计的数控火焰切割机是一种小型切割设备，它可以很方便的对金属材料进行直线或曲线切割，可广泛应用于机械、建筑、化工、航天等行业。

首先，本文通过对火焰切割技术及数控火焰切割机的国内外研究现状的分析，对火焰切割机的总体结构进行了设计，整体采用龙门式结构，纵向、横向和垂直三个方向进给运动均选用步进电动机带动滚珠丝杠传动的开环控制系统。由于火焰切割机切割工件时无切削力，所以纵向进给运动采用电机直接驱动工作台运动来完成。其次，利用三维设计软件Solid Works完成了火焰切割机各零件的三维实体造型，并根据各零部件之间的定位关系，完成了总体装配，验证了设计的合理性。最后，为了加工制造的方便还绘制了切割机的所有零部件和装配体的工程图。

关键词：数控火焰切割机，龙门式，结构设计，Solid Works

I

Abstract

The CNC flame cutter designed in this topic is small cutting equipment. It can easily cut metal materials with linear or curvilinear drawings and can be widely used in machining, architecture, chemical industry, spaceflight and other industry.

Firstly, through the analysis of research actuality about the flame cutting technology and the CNC flame cutting machine at home and abroad the whole structure of the flame cutter is designed in this article. The whole structure uses the gantry structure, the open-loop control systems, using stepping motor to drive ball screws, were chosen at longitudinal, horizontal and vertical directions. Since there is no cutting power when the flame cutter cuts work-piece, therefore, the vertical movement is provided by the movement of worktable driven directly by stepping motor. Secondly, the three-dimensional entity modeling of all the flame cutter parts is finished by using the three-dimensional design software Solid Works and the assembly of the whole is accomplished through the orientation of every parts to validate the rationality of the design. In the end, all the drawings of parts and assembly are protracted in order to facilitate the manufacture.

Keywords：Numerical control flame cutter, gantry type, Structural design, Solid Works

II

目录

摘要............................................................................................................................ I ABSTRACT .................................................................................................................. I I 目录............................................................................................................................. III 第一章引言. (1)

1．1切割技术的种类及发展 (1)

1．2数控火焰切割简介 (1)

1．2．1 火焰切割及数控火焰切割技术 (1)

1．2．2 国内外数控火焰切割技术的发展 (2)

1．2．3 数控火焰切割机的市场及发展 (3)

第二章机床总体设计及软件平台选择 (5)

2．1总体方案的确定 (5)

2．2控制及传动系统选用 (5)

2．3割矩设计 (6)

2．4S OLID W ORKS软件平台简介 (7)

2．5S OLID W ORKS 的主要特点 (8)

第三章数控火焰切割机伺服系统设计................................. 错误！未定义书签。3．1数控系统控制方式及组成原理 ................................... 错误！未定义书签。3．2步进电机原理及特点 ................................................... 错误！未定义书签。3．3步进电机的选择 ........................................................... 错误！未定义书签。

3．3．1 横向步进电机的选择.......................................... 错误！未定义书签。

3．3．2 纵向步进电机的选择.......................................... 错误！未定义书签。

3．3．3 垂直方向步进电机的选择.................................. 错误！未定义书签。第四章火焰切割机传动装置设计........................................... 错误！未定义书签。4．1螺旋传动 ........................................................................ 错误！未定义书签。

4．1．1 滚珠丝杠副的工作原理及特点.......................... 错误！未定义书签。

4．1．2 滚珠丝杠副的设计.............................................. 错误！未定义书签。4．2导轨 ............................................................................... 错误！未定义书签。

4．2．1 纵向导轨设计...................................................... 错误！未定义书签。

4．2．2 横向导轨设计...................................................... 错误！未定义书签。第五章结论............................................................................... 错误！未定义书签。参考文献..................................................................................... 错误！未定义书签。致谢............................................................................................. 错误！未定义书签。

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