2019年宁波大学外国语学院211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解【圣才出品】
翻译硕士(MTI)211翻译硕士英语阅读理解高分特训100篇-多项选择-◇文学传记类【圣才出品】
2.1 多项选择◇文学传记类Passage 1 题材：文学传记类字数：548Two hundred years ago the English poet William Wordsworth wrote “I wander’d lonely as a cloud”, a poem that expresses a basic spirit of the early English Romanticism. It was Thursday, 15th April 1802, William and Dorothy Wordsworth, the poet’s devoted, journal-writing sister, were walking home to Dove Cottage in the Lake District. The wind was fierce, but the Wordsworth siblings were used to striding long distances in foul weather. They were in the woods close to the water side when they first clapped eyes on a field of daffodils “fluttering and dancing in the bre eze”.What makes this poem an example of Romantic thinking? It isn’t just that Wordsworth chooses to write about a natural scene: it is the way he describes the scene as if it had human emotions. For him, nature is not merely a neutral mixture of scenery, colours, plants, rocks, soil, water and air. It is a driving force that feels joy and sadness, shares human pain and even tries to educate us human beings by showing us the beauty of life.Wordsworth’s home, Dove Cottage, is now one of the most popular destinations in the Lake District. You can go on a tour of the garden which William planted with wild flowers and which survived in his back yard even after theydisappeared from the area. “He always said that if he hadn’t been a poet, he would have been a te rrific landscape gardener,” says Allan King of the Wordsworth Trust, the organization that looks after the cottage and gardens.The Lake District in the north west of England becomes particularly crowded during the summer months with tourists and ramblers eager to enjoy the region’s majestic valleys, hills and sparkling lakes. Wordsworth himself was far from keen on tourists, which was quite apparent. He wanted outsiders to admire the local sights he enjoyed so much, but was afraid the district might be “damaged” by too many visitors. He opposed the coming of the trains, and campaigned in the 1840s against a plan to link the towns in the area—Kendal, Windermere and Keswick—by rail.The place near Ullswater, where Wordsworth saw the daffodils, is at the southernmost end of the lake. The lake is wide and calm at this turning point. There’s a bay where the trees have had their soil eroded by lake water so that their roots are shockingly exposed. You walk along from tree to tree, hardly daring to breathe, because you are walking in the footprints of William and Dorothy from two centuries ago. The first clumps of daffodils appear, but they aren’t tall yellow trumpets proudly swaying in the breeze. They’re tiny wild daffodils, most of them still green and unopened, in clumps of six or seven. They’re grouped around individual trees rather than collecting together.But as you look north, from beside a huge ancient oak, you realize this is what delighted the Wordsworths: clump after clump of the things, spread out to left and right but coming together in your vision so that they form a beautiful, pale-yellowcarpet. What you’re seeing at last is nature transformed by human sight and imagination. For a second, you share that revelation of Dorothy and William Wordsworth’s,the glimpse of pantheism, the central mystery of English Romanticism.1. According to the article, Wordsworth’s poem ______.[A] started the Romantic movement[B] was based on actual experience[C] was written while he was visiting his sister[D] was written after he had been lonely2. What was Wordsworth’s attitude to nature?[A] He believed nature had a character of its own.[B] He felt nature was human.[C] He thought nature could talk to people.[D] He believed that we could influence nature.3. We are told that Dove Cottage ______.[A] has gardens designed by a landscape gardener[B] has very old plants in the garden[C] gets a lot of visitors[D] has a large back yard4. What does the writer suggest by the words “hardly daring to breathe” in line 4, paragraph 5?[A] You have to walk carefully here.[B] You can’t breathe because the atmosphere is suffocating.[C] You might feel excited to be in this place.[D] You must concentrate to stay on the footpath.5. What does the writer think of Wordsworth as a poet?[A] He believes that Wordsworth was an important figure in English culture.[B] He is critical of Wordsworth.[C] He believes Wordsworth was a sentimental person.[D] He disagrees with Wordsworth’s opinion about nature.【答案与解析】1. B 根据第一段大意，可知Wordsworth的诗是根据他和姐妹步行回家所看到的风景写成的。
2018~2019年暨南大学外国语学院211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解【圣才出品】
2018年暨南大学外国语学院211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解Ⅰ.Vocabulary&Grammar(30%)Directions:There are30sentences in this section.Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D.Choose ONE answer that best completes the sentence.Write your answers on the Answer Sheet.1.People and things that are_____are able to recover easily and quickly from unpleasant or damaging events.A.resilientB.silientC.silentD.resilent【答案】A【解析】句意：人也好，事物也好，承受能力强的都能很快从不愉快或者损坏自身的事件中恢复。
resilient能复原的；弹性的。
silent沉默的，无声的。
没有silient这一词汇。
没有resilent这一词汇。
因此，本题的正确答案为A。
2.We all got a pay rise this month,but there is_____—we are expected to work longer.A.the sting in the tailB.a sting in the tailC.the sting at the topD.a sting at the top【答案】B【解析】句意：我们这月涨工资了，但是事情总有不尽如人意的地方，我们需要工作更长时间。
a sting in the tail为固定表达，意为“不尽如人意之处”。
因此，本题的正确答案为B。
3.In education,girls,who were once considered_____a decent education,now outstrip their male counterparts at almost every stage.A.more worthy ofB.less worthy ofC.more worthD.less worth【答案】B【解析】句意：在教育领域，一度被认为不值得接受教育的女孩们，已经在各个领域全面赶超男性。
宁波大学211翻译硕士英语2019(B卷)考研专业课真题
(答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)科目代码：211总分值：100科目名称：翻译硕士英语Part I Vocabulary and Grammar (30 points: 20 for Section A, and 10 for Section B)Section A: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence.1.Andrew wanted to be transferred to another department, but her application was _____because her own department is understaffed.A.turned downB. turned overC. turned awayD. turnedoff2.Helen’s been neglecting her homework lately. I’ll _____ with her parents about it.A.have wordsB. have a wordC. have the wordD. have the lastword3.______ more societies are geared to retirement at around 65, companies have a loomingproblem of knowledge management.A.Given thatB. ProvidedC. UnlessD. While4.Psychologists maintain that the nature of human beings entails a strong need to _____their free time; idleness can be as stressful as activity.A.endangerB. preserveC. consumeD. organize5._____ age twenty, Robert Kelly left KCRA, Inc. to enroll _____ the University ofCalifornia at Davis.A. at; atB. at; inC. upon; inD. on; at6.We had the unmeasured _____ of the enemy and their air attack still beating upon us.A. threatenB. misfortuneC. flinchD. menace7.I _____ the Head Master’s permission to alter darker to sterner. “Not less we praise insterner days.”A. have obtainedB. acquireC. had possessedD. contained8.AIDS is said __________ the number-one killer of both men and women over the pastfew years in that region.A. beingB. to beC. to have beenD. having been(答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)科目代码：211总分值：100科目名称：翻译硕士英语9.Sometimes he was brilliant; sometimes he was maddeningly tiresome. The underlinedword means ________.A. exhaustingB. dullC. annoyingD. bored10.Uncle Bubba was tough, kind, funny, and scary all _________ one, which was just whatDan and I needed.A. mix intoB. merged intoC. fixed intoD. rolled into11.In fact, as he approached his beloved daughter, he only barely resisted the________ to stroke her pretty soft hair.A. impulseB. intuitionC. instinctD. incentive12.The price of the organic vegetable will vary according to how far it has to betransported and how expensive the freight ________ is.A. paymentB. chargeC. fundD. price13.As the temperature dropped abruptly, the campers were ________ all overwith cold.A. spinningB. shiveringC. shakingD. staggering14.The English language contains a (an) ________ of words which are comparativelyseldom used in ordinary conversation.A. altitudeB. latitudeC. multitudeD. attitude15.The mayor expressed his heart-felt gratitude through the reporters for the timelyassistance and support the people from other cities had kindly ________ to hiscitizens.A. renderedB. securedC. soughtD. furnished16.The younger person’s attraction to stereos cannot be explained only ________familiarity with technology.A. by means ofB. in terms ofC. in quest ofD. by virtue of17.Lucy ________ going back to school since she saved enough money, but she hasn’tdecided yet.A.consideredB. had consideredC.is going to considerD. has been considering(答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)科目代码：211总分值：100科目名称：翻译硕士英语18.Many reporters hurried to the airport, ________ that the superstar had already left.A.had been toldB. being toldC.only to be toldD. unfortunately told19.Once you become a soldier, you will be given a monthly ________ by the army.A. incomeB. allowanceC. wageD. salary20.The Olympic Games ________ in 776 B. C. in Olympia, a small town in Greece.A. originatedB. stemmedC. derivedD. descendedSection B: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked, A, B, C, and D You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre. In Cambodia the choice of a spouse is a complex one for the young male. It may involve not only his parents and his friends, 21 those of the young women, but also a matchmaker. A young man can 22 a likely spouse on his own and them ask his parents to 23 the marriage negotiations. or the young man’s parents may make the choice of a spouse, giving the child little to say in the selection. 24 , a girl may veto the spouse her parents have chosen. 25 a spouse has been selected, each family investigates the other to make sure its child is marrying 26 a good family. The traditional wedding is a long and colorful affair. Formerly it lasted three days 27 by the 1980s it more commonly lasted a day and a half. Buddhist priests offer a short sermon and 28 prayers of blessing. Parts of the ceremony involve ritual hair cutting, 29 cotton threads soaked in holy water around the bride’s and groom’s wrists, and 30 a candle around a circle of happily married and respected couples to bless the 31 . Newlyweds traditionally move in with the wife’s parents and may 32 with them up to a year, 33 they can build a flew house nearby. Divorce is legal and easy to 34 , but not common .Divorced persons are 35 with some disapproval. Each spouse retains 36 property he or she 37 into the marriage, and jointly –acquired property is 38 equally. Divorced persons may remarry, but a gender prejudice 39 up .The divorced male doesn’t have a waiting period before he can remarry 40 the woman must wait the months.21. A. by way of B. as well as C. on behalf of D. with regard to(答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)科目代码：211总分值：100科目名称：翻译硕士英语22. A. adapt to B. provide for C. compete with D. decide on23. A. close B. renew C. arrange D. postpone24. A. In theory B. Above all C. In time D. For example25. A. Although B. Lest C. After D. Unless26. A. into B. within C. from D. through27. A. sine B. or C. but D. so28. A. test B. copy C. recite D. create29. A. folding B. piling C. wrapping D. tying30. A. lighting B. passing C. hiding D. serving31. A. meeting B. association C. collection D. union32. A. grow B. part C. deal D. live33. A. whereas B. until C. for D. if34. A. obtain B. follow C. challenge D. avoid35. A. isolated B. persuaded C. viewed D. exposed36. A. wherever B. however C. whenever D. whatever37. A. changed B. brought C. shaped D. pushed38. A. divided B. invested C. donated D. withdrawn39. A. clears B. warms C. shows D. breaks40. A. while B. so what C. once D. in thatPart II Reading Comprehension (40 points: 2×20)Direction: There are four passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D You are expected to make the best choice.Questions 41 to 45 are based on the following passageA number of scientific studies have found that the amount of sugar we consume is a major factor in how big Americans have become. In the last half century, consumption of sugars by the average American has increased by more than 24 pounds a year, expanding waistlines and crowding out more nutritious foods.Furthermore, the studies indicate that the main dietary culprit for both the increase in sugar and the weight of Americans has been the ever-growing consumption of sugary drinks, especially soda. These soft drinks contribute 7 percent of the calories Americans consume, making them the leading source of added sugar and the single largest source of calories in our diet.Critics have repeatedly blamed high-fructose corn syrup, the inexpensive sweetener that has helped to keep soda prices down and allowed consumption to soar. But in fact, no(答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)科目代码：211总分值：100科目名称：翻译硕士英语sugary beverage and no caloric sweetener is blameless. Not ordinary table sugar; not brown sugar or raw sugar; not honey; not even fruit juice concentrate.All these sweeteners when added to drinks contribute mostly empty calories that do little to satisfy the appetite and end up as excess energy that the body ultimately turns to fat. And soda, though the most common sugary beverage, is not the only one involved. In fact, after decades of increases, soda consumption has leveled off, but sports drinks, energy drinks and sweetened teas have become increasingly important contributors to the liquid calories Americans consume.To improve the health of its residents and its coffers, New York State is considering a consumption tax of about one penny per ounce on high-calorie sweetened beverages.The American Beverage Association, which takes major credit for an 88 percent reduction in sugared soda calories in the nation’s schools, has seriously undermined its credibility with ads opposing the so-called soda tax.In association-sponsored commercials on television and radio, housewives spout the ridiculous argument that such a tax would make it more difficult for them to feed their families.But on no nutritionist’s list are you likely to find soda listed as a desirable dietary ingredient. It is not a food, nor a basic necessity. In fact, the people likely to benefit most from a soda tax that discourages consumption are those who find it hardest to make ends meet. These are the people who can least afford to waste hard-earned dollars on empty calories that undermine their health.41. What have many studies found according to the first two paragraphs?A. Americans’ diet contains too many nutritious foods.B. Soda is one major contributor to Americans’ obesity.C. Americans’ diet has the largest number of calories.D. Americans consume the most sugars in the world.42. What can we know about the empty calories from the passage?A. They make people have no appetite.B. They will turn to fat at last.C. They are Americans’ basic necessity.D. They are bad for people’s health.43. What measure does New York State want to take to improve its people’s health?A. It is planning to impose taxes on sugary drinks with high calories.B. It is considering limiting the amount of liquid calories Americans consume.C. It limits the amount of sugar added to the sugary drinks.D. It encourages the sellers to raise the price of the drinks with high calories.(答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)科目代码：211总分值：100科目名称：翻译硕士英语44. Why does the American Beverage Association lose its credibility?A. It doesn’t think all the sugary drinks are harmful.B. It opposes reducing its nation schools’ soda calories.C. It doesn’t support the so-called soda tax.D. It discourages people to consume soda drinks.45. What is housewives’ attitude towards the soda tax?A. Indifferent.B. Supporting.C. Suspicious.D. Disapproving.Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage:There are three basic ways in which individual economic units interact with one another. They are the market system, the administered system, and the traditional system. In a market system, individual economic units are free to interact among each other in the market place. Transactions may take place through barter or money exchange. In a barter economy, real goods such as automobiles, shoes, and pizzas are traded against each other. Obviously, finding somebody who wants to trade an old car in exchange for a sailboat may not always be an easy task. Hence the introduction of money as a medium of exchange eases transactions considerably. An alternative to the market system is administered control by some agency over all transactions. This agency will issue laws or commands as to how much each goods and service should be produced, exchanged, and consumed by each economic unit. Central planning may be one way of administering such an economy. The central plan drawn up by the government shows the amount of each commodity produced by the various firms and distributed to different households for consumption. In a traditional society, production and consumption patterns are governed by tradition. Each person′s place with the economic system is fixed by parentage, religion, and custom. Transactions take place on the basis of tradition, too. People belonging to a certain group or caste may have an obligation to care for other persons, provide them with food and shelter, care for their health, and provide for their education. Clearly, in a system where every decision is made on the basis of tradition alone progress may be difficult to achieve. 46. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To explain the science of economics. B. To outline types of economic systems. C. To argue for the superiority of one economic system. D. To compare barter and money exchange markets. 47. In the second paragraph, by which of the following could the word "real" best bereplaced? (答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)科目代码：211总分值：100科目名称：翻译硕士英语A. High quality.B. Concrete.C. Utter.D. Essential.48. According to the passage, a barter economy can lead to____. A. rapid speed of transactions B. misunderstandings C. inflation D. difficulties for the traders 49. According to the passage who has the greatest degree of control on an administeredsystem? A. Individual households. B. Small businesses.C. Major companies. D. The government. 50. Which of the following is NOT mentioned by the author as a criterion for determining aperson’s position in a traditional society?A. Family backgroundB. AgeC. Religious beliefs.D. CustomQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage:The science of meteorology is concerned with the study of the structure, state, and behavior of the atmosphere. The subject may be approached from several directions, but the scene cannot be fully appreciated from any advantage point. Different views must be integrated to give perspective to the whole picture. One may consider the condition of the atmosphere at a given moment and attempt to predict changes from that condition over a period of a few hours to a few days ahead. This approach is covered by the branch of the science called synoptic（天气的）meteorology.Synoptic meteorology is the scientific basis of the technique of weather forecasting by means of the preparation and analysis of weather maps and aerological diagram. The practical importance of the numerous applications of weather forecasting cannot be overestimated. In serving the needs of shipping, aviation, agriculture, industry, and many other interests and fields of human activity with accurate weather warnings and professional forecast advice, great benefits are reaped in the form of the saving of human life and property and in economic advantages of various kinds. One important purpose of(答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)科目代码：211总分值：100科目名称：翻译硕士英语the science of meteorology is constantly to strive, through advanced study and research, to increase our knowledge of the atmosphere with the aim of improving the accuracy of weather forecasts. The tools needed to advance our knowledge in this way are the disciplines of mathematics and physics applied to solve meteorological problems. The use of these tools forms that branch of the science called dynamic meteorology. .51.The best title for the passage is ____.A.The Basics of Dynamic MeteorologyB.The Limitations of Meteorological ForecastingC.Approaches to the Science of MeteorologyD.New Advances in Synoptic Meteorology52.Which of the following is not referred to by the author as a field whose needs areserved by weather forecasting?A.Sports.B. Transportation.C. Manufacturing.D. Farming.53.Which of the following statements best describes the organization of the thirdparagraph of the passage?A.Two contrasting views of a problem are presented.B.Recent scientific advancements are outlined in order of importance.C.A procedure is explained and its importance is emphasized.D.A problem is examined and possible solutions are given.54.The author implies that increased accuracy in weather forecasting will lead to____.A.greater protection of human lifeB.more funds allocated to meteorological researchC.a higher number of professional forecastersD.less-specialized forms of synoptic meteorology55.In the last sentence of the passage, the phrase "these tools" refers to____.A.mathematics and physicsB.weather forecastsC.meteorological problemsD.economic advantageQuestions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage:Historians of women's labor in the United States at first largely disregarded the story of female service workers-women earning wages in occupations such as salesclerk, domestic servant, and office secretary. These historians focused instead on factory work, primarily because it seemed so different from traditional, unpaid women's work in the(答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)科目代码：211总分值：100科目名称：翻译硕士英语home, and because the underlying economic forces of industrialism were presumed to be gender-blind and hence emancipator in effect. Unfortunately, emancipation has been less profound than expected, for not even industrial wage labor has escaped continued sex segregation in the workplace.To explain this unfinished revolution in the status of women, historians have recently begun to emphasize the way a prevailing definition of femininity often determines the kinds of work allocated to women, even when such allocation is inappropriate to new conditions. For instance, early textile-mill entrepreneurs, in justifying women's employment in wage labor, made much of the assumption that women were by nature skillful at detailed tasks and patient in carrying out repetitive chores; the mill owners thus imported into the new industrial order hoary stereotypes associated with the homemaking activities they presumed to have been the purview of women. Because women accepted the more unattractive new industrial tasks more readily than did men, such jobs came to be regarded as female jobs. And employers, who assumed that women's "real" aspirations were for marriage and family lire, declined to pay women wages commensurate with those of men. Thus many lower-skilled, lower-paid, less secure jobs came to be perceived as "female".More remarkable than the original has been the persistence of such sex segregation in twentieth-century industry. Once an occupation came to be perceived as "female", employers showed surprisingly little interest in changing that perception, even when higher profits beckoned. And despite the urgent need of the United. States during the Second World War to mobilize its human resources fully, job segregation by sex characterized even the most important war industries. Moreover, once the war ended, employers quickly returned to men most of the "male" jobs that women had been permitted to master..56.According to the passage, job segregation by sex in the United States was ________.A.perpetuated by those textile-mill owners who argued in favor of women'semployment In wage laborB.one means by which women achieved greater job securityC.reluctantly challenged by employers except when the economic advantages wereobviousD.a constant source of labor unrest in the young textile industry57.According to the passage, historians of women's labor focused on factory work as amore promising area of research than service-sector work because factorywork________.A.involved the payment of higher wagesB.required skill in detailed tasksC.was assumed to be less characterized by sex segregationD.was more readily accepted by women than by men(答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)科目代码：211总分值：100科目名称：翻译硕士英语58.It can be inferred from the passage that the "unfinished revolution" the author mentionsin highlight text refers to the________.A.recognition that work done by women as homemakers should be compensated atrates comparable to those prevailing in the service sector of the economyB.development of a new definition of femininity unrelated to the economic forces ofindustrialismC.introduction of equal pay for equal work in all professionsD.emancipation of women wage earners from gender-determined job allocation.59.Which of the following words best expresses the opinion of the author of the passageconcerning the notion that women are more skillful than men in carrying out detailed tasks?A.patientB.repetitiveC.hoaryD.homemaking60.Which of the following statements is true about hiring policies in the United States?A.After a crisis many formerly "male" jobs are reclassified as "female" jobs.B.Industrial employers generally prefer to hire women with previous experience ashomemakers.C.Post-Second World War hiring policies caused women to lose many of theirwartime gains in employment opportunity.D.Even war industries during the Second World War were reluctant to hire women forfactory workPart III Writing (30 points)Directions:Based on the information given below, please write an essay of about 400 words on the Answer Sheet. You have 60 minutes to plan, write, and revise your essay.Some people believe that the range of technology available to individuals today is increasing the gap between rich people and poor people, while others say that technology has the opposite effect.Discuss these points of view. What’s your opinion?Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your experience or knowledge.宁波大学2019年硕士研究生招生考试初试试题(B卷)(答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)科目代码：211总分值：100科目名称：翻译硕士英语第 11 页共 11 页。
2019年浙江宁波大学法语考研真题
2019年浙江宁波大学法语考研真题第一部分：语法与词汇（共30分）一、单项选择题（每题2分，共20分）1._________________allez-vous ?A. CommeB. CommentC. QuandD. Qu’ Terre est _________________.A. rondB. platC. rondeD. plate3.Louise a manqué ________________train.A. sonB. saC. mesD. ma4.Je _________________ mon petit déjeuner à 8h chaque jour.A. boisB. boitC. prendsD. prend5.Emmanuelle ________________ FranceA. vient deB. viens àC. sont àD. sont de6.Nous partons ____________________ Paris demain.A. enB. pourC. entreD. sur7.Il ________________ sorti à six heures, ce soir et il ________________ sorti le chien comme chaque soir.A. a estB. est estC. a aD. est a8.Je suis en ____________________d’observer son comportement.A. piedB. trainC. métroD. tram9.Je mange ________________ du poisson. J’adore ça !A. rarementB. de temps en tempsC. jamaisD. souvent10.–Ils n’ont pas envie de sortir.– Nous ________________A. aussiB. non pasC. mêmeD. non plus二、填空题（每空1分，共10分）请用动词的适当形式填空1.Maman, je te _________________(présenter) mon copain, Mathéo.2.Hier, on _________________ (passer) une très belle soirée.3.Sylvia était proche de ses parents. Elle les________________ (voir) souvent.请用适当的冠词或介词填空4.Tu as ________________ argent pour acheter ce beau manteau ?5.Pascal, je te présente________________ mère de Julie. C’est________________ médecin de très haut niveau.6.Mes grands-parents vivent maintenant ________________ Etats-Unis.7.Julie a fait ses études ________________ Japon il y a trois ans.请用Ce/cet/cette/ces填空8.Elle sont magnifiques, ________________ fleurs !9.________________ étudiant joue tous les jours au volleyball.第二部分：阅读理解（共20分）一、看图回答下列问题（每题2分，共6分）1.À quoi sert ce message ?A. À aider les visiteurs.B. À faire de la publicité.C. À interdire une action.D. À présenter un endroit.2.Qu'est-ce que présente cette émission ?A. Des entretiens avec des personnalités.B. Des témoignages de spectateurs.C. Le classement des meilleurs films.D. Le programme des différentes salles.3.Où va Paul ?A. Dans une pharmacie.B. Dans une banqueC. Dans une librairieD. Dans une boulangerie二、阅读下列材料，选择正确选项或用完整规范的句子回答问题。
2019年浙江宁波大学二外法语考研真题
2019年浙江宁波大学二外法语考研真题I.Remplacez les points par les articles, les prénoms et les prépositions :（20*0.5=10%）1.François vit <1> Chine <2> longtemps, il aime beaucoup <3> riz, il mange <4> riz tous les jours, pourtant il n’a jamais mangé <5> riz avant.2.Sy lvie et Véronique veulent acheter <6> robe. Elles décident d’entrer dans le supermarché Carrefour, parce qu’elles pensent qu’il doit <7> avoir <8 > belles robes. Enfin, elles choisissent une très belles robe <9> soie.3.Le professeur l’oblige <10> écouter l’enregistrement. S’il ne <11> fait pas, il risque <12> rater（失败）son examen.4.Maintenant, <13> moi <14> te poser une question.5.J’aime bien avoir une soeur, mais je suis enfant unique de famille. Quant <15> Jacques, il <16> a deux, il est plus heureux que <17>.6.Le nombre des étudiants a augmenté <18> trois fois <19> rapport <20> l’année 1998. II.Remplissez les phrases avec les verbes convenables: (10*1.5=15%)1.Hier, ma mère (sortir) <1> à huit heures, dehors, il (pleuvoir) <2>.2.Cette maison (construire) <3> il y a 3 ans.3.S’il (ne pas prendre) <4> le bus, il ne serait pas mort dans cet accident.4.(Se lever) <5> immédiatement, tu vas être en retard !5.S’il faisait beau demain, il (venir) <6>.6.Dès que tu (se mettre) <7> en route, tu m’appelleras.7.J’aime que vous (venir) <8 > avec nous.8.Nous sommes contents qu’il (faire) <9> beau.9.Si tu (m’attendre) <10> demain, j’irai avec toi.III.Choisissez le meilleur terme : （10*1=10%）1.Il parle ___ le français de notre classe.a. bienb. meilleurc. mieuxd. le mieux2.Les jeunes filles sont ______ contentes.a. toutb. toutec. toutesd. tous3.C’est ___ que je vais m’adresser.a. luib. à luic. leurd. il4.Ces timbres coûtent _______.a. cherb. chèrec. chersd. chères5.Il y a un attaché-case dans ma voiture, mais dans _____, il n’y en a pas.a. vôtreb. la vôtrec. votred. la votre téléne marche pas _____ il n’y a pas de son.a. de sorte qu’b. bien qu’c. pour qu’d. avant qu’7.Voici le nouveau bâtiment à côté ____ habite Jacuqes.a. dontb. oùc. dans lequeld. duquel8.Il n’y a rien qui ___ l’intéresser.a. peutb. a puc. puissed. pourra journée ___ , ils rentrèrent chez eux.a. finib. ayant finic. finied. ayant finie10.Ne vous inquiétez pas, je vais ___ do nner.a. le vousb. la luic. leur lesd. vous leurIV.Tournez les questions et discours suivants en questions indirectes et discours indirects:（5*2=10%）（将直接引语改成间接引语）1.Marie a demandé à sa mère : “qu’est-ce que tu fais ici ? ”2.Catherine a dit : “j’irai à Shanghai dans deux jours. ” mère a demandé à son fils : “où es-tu allé ?”4. Le professeur a demandé à ses étudiants : “qu’est-ce qui vous arrive ?”5. Caroline a demandé : “est-ce qu’il pleut maintenant ?”V.Remplacez les points par les pronoms relatifs, ajoutez les précédents（先行词）ou les prépositions si c’est nécessaire : （10*1= 10%）1.L’homme <1> j’ai rencontré hier veut demander mon adresse.2.Je serai à la campagne ce week-end <2 > la conférence aura lieu.3.J’ai acheté enfin le roman <3> m’intéresse bien.4.L’événement <4> il s’aperçoit est très rare.5.Hier on a eu des réunions <5> notre directeur a assisté.6.Voilà l’entreprise pour <6> on fabrique ces appareils.7.L’étudiant <7> j’ai oublié le nom est très fort en français.8.Je pense à Paul <8> la situation est terrible.9.Cécile a refusé d’aller travailler en Afrique <9> elle n’aime pas le climat.10.Les choses <10> il s’attend bien n’ont pas apparu.préhension écrite: （5*2= 10%）Un fraudeur au baccal auréat B a été découvert par hasard jeudi par un passant, étonnéde recevoir un vrai cours de chemie, alors qu’il passait devant le lycée Jean Zay d’Orléans. Le jeune homme avait cru trouver un moyen parfait de frauder : une liaison étroite, à l’aide d’une petite C.B., avec sa petite amie, installée dans une voiture en face du lycée, avec tous les livres nécessaires à l’examen.Cette façon moderne avait peu de chance d’être découverte : par hasard, un autre cibiste passe en voiture devant le centre d’examens au moment où la jeune fille parlait du sujet à son ami.Le cibiste a tout de suite informé le responsable et le fraudeur a été rapidement trouvé. Ses cheveux longs cachaient bien son appareil C.B., mais le foulard qui couvrait le micro l’a vendu : il faisait vraiment trop chaud dans la salle d’examen pour porter un foulard.Le jeune homme va payer cher pour cette faute grave : il lui sera interdit de passer le baccalauréat pendant cinq ans.1. Qui aidait le jeune homme ?2. Qui a découvert le fraudeur?3. Qu’est-ce qui a vendu le jeune homme ?4. Quel teps faisait-il dans la salle d’examen ?5. Quel coût le jeune homme va payer ?VII.Traduisez en français les phrases suivantes : （4*5= 20%）1.在许多黑非洲国家，法语是官方语言，我们称这些国家为法语国家。
211-翻译硕士英语 2019 A卷
姓名：报考专业：准考证号码：密封线内不要写题年全国硕士研究生招生考试初试自命题试题科目名称：翻译硕士英语（ A 卷□B 卷）科目代码：考试时间： 3 小时 满分 100 无 □计算器 □直尺 □圆规（请在使用工具前打√）注意：所有答题内容必须写在答题纸上，写在试题或草稿纸上的一律无效；考完后试题随答题纸交回。
Part I. Vocabulary and Grammar (20 points, 1 point for each) Directions: There are 20 statements in this section. After each statement there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Select the only one choice that best completes the statement. Write your answers on your answer sheet.the networks to local cable operators and satellite programmers.Part III. Reading Comprehension (40 points, 2 point for each) Directions: Read the following passages and answer the questions. Choose the most appropriate answer for each question and circle the letter on the answer sheet. Remember to write the letter corresponding to the question number.Questions 31-35 are based on the following passage:The health-care economy is filled with unusual and even unique economic relationships. One of the least understanding involves the peculiar roles of producer or “provider”and purchaser or “consumer”in the typical doctor-patient relationship. In most sectors of the economy, it is the seller who attempts to attract a potential buyer with various inducements of price, quality, and utility, and it is the buyer who makes the decision. Such condition, however, does not prevail in most of the health-care industry.In the health-care industry, the doctor-patient relationship is the mirror image of the ordinary relationship between producer and consumer. Once an individual has chosen to see a physician — and even then there may be no real choice — it is the physician who usually makes all significant purchasing decisions: whether the patient should return “next Wednesday”, whether X-rays are needed, whether drugs should be prescribed, etc. It is a rare and sophisticated patient who will challenge such professional decisions or raise in advance questions about price, especially when the disease is regarded as serious.This is particularly significant in relation to hospital care. The physician must certify the need for hospitalization, determine what procedures will be performed, and announce when the patient may be discharged. The patient may be consulted about some of these decisions, but in the main it is the doctor’s judgments that are final. Little wonder then that in the eye of the hospital it is the physician who is the real “consumer”. As a consequence, the medical staff represents the “power center” in hospital policy and decision-making, not the administration.Although usually there are in this situation four identifiable participants — the physician, the hospital, the patient, and the payer (generally an insurance carrier or government) —the physician makes the essential decisions for all of them. The hospital becomes an extension ofthe physician; the payer generally meets most of the bills generated by the physician/hospital, and for the most part the patient plays a passive role. We estimate that about 75-80 percent of health-care expenditures are determined by physicians, not patients. For this reason, the economy directed at patients or the general is relatively ineffective.31. What’s the author’s main purpose in writing this passage?A. To criticize doctors for exercising too much control over patients.B. To analyze some important economic factors in health-care.C. To urge hospitals to reclaim their decision-making authority.D. To inform potential patients of their health-care rights.32. In the health-care industry, the patients _____________.A. perform the role of being “providers”B. decide which physician to consultC. never raise questions about priceD. never consult with the doctors33. According to the author, when a doctor tells a patient to “return next Wednesday”, thedoctor is in effect _____________.A. instructing the patient to buy more medical servicesB. warning the patient that a hospital stay might be necessaryC. advising the patient to seek a second opinionD. admitting that the initial visit, was ineffective34. Doctors are able to determine hospital policies most probably because _____________.A. it is doctors who generate income for the hospitalB. a doctor is ultimately responsible for a patient’s healthC. most of the patients don’t challenge the doctor’s decisionsD. the administration doesn’t know about medicine as much as doctors35. The author is most probably leading up to _____________.A. an analysis of the role of the hospital administrationB. a study of lawsuits against doctors’ malpracticeC. a discussion of a new medical treatmentD. a proposal to control medical costsQuestions 36-40 are based on the following passage:A massive pool of warm ocean water is causing changes in the atmosphere that could produce unusual weather around the world in the next few months, the US National Weather Service reported on Monday. As a result of this phenomenon, known as El Nino, more rainfall than normal is likely this winter across some areas of the United States, with unusually warm or cold weather in other parts of the country.Currently the phenomenon is marked by a warm pool of water along the equator extending from the International Date Line nearly to the coast of South America. “That water is nearly 4 degrees Fahrenheit above normal”, explained Vernon Kousky of the climate center.This warm water “spreads almost a quarter of the way around the globe. So it’s massive and it has an impact on our weather. It has a global influence... because it disturbs the atmosphere”, said Dave Rodenhuis, director of the climate center. “El Nino is probably the most important climate event beyond the annual cycle of seasons”, he added.Because the changes tended to be first noticed around Christmas, the phenomenon was given the name El Nino, which is Spanish for child, a term often used to refer to the baby Jesus. The phenomenon occurs every three to five years, sometimes in a mild form and sometimes strongly affecting weather patterns worldwide. Details of its cause are not fully understood, but when it occurs, unusually warm air can be pumped into Canada, Alaska and the northern United States. At the same time, conditions tend to be wetter than normal along the US Southeast Coast and the Gulf of Mexico. And the Atlantic and Caribbean hurricane season tends to be milder than usual.The strong El Nino of 1982-1983 was blamed for worsening the devastating drought in Africa, causing a series or severe winter storms to come ashore in California, spawning the first typhoon to strike French Polynesia in 75 years —followed by five more in five months —deluging Peru and Ecuador with torrential rains and promoting the worst drought in two centuries in Australia.Overall damage was estimated at between $2 billion and $8 billion by a United Nations analysis and the death toll topped l,500 worldwide.36. El Nino can best be described as _____________.A. unusually long period of hot or cold weatherB. unusual changes of weather around the worldC. atmospheric change caused by warm ocean waterD. rising temperature of the ocean water and atmosphere37. The warm water is affecting the weather globally because _____________.A. its temperature is too much above normalB. it covers a vast area in the worldC. it is one of the most important climate eventsD. its influence begins from the equator38. Which of the following is TRUE about the naming of El Nino?A. The name had something to do with Christianity.B. The name was given by a religious researcher.C. The name indicates that El Nino most usually happens around Christmas.D. The name implies that the first phenomenon of El Nino appeared in Spain.39. What is least known about El Nino according to the passage?A. The climate changes caused by El Nino.B. The areas influenced by El Nino.C. How often El Nino happens.D. How El Nino is formed.40. What does the author want to tell us about El Nino by the last two paragraphs?A. The UN’s concern about it.B. The measures taken against it.C. Its intensity.D. Its frequency.Questions 41-45 are based on the following passage:In the early days of nuclear power, the United States make money on it. But today opponents have resisted its development that no nuclear plants have been ordered or built here in 12 years.The greatest fear of nuclear power opponents has always been a reactor “meltdown”. Today, the chances of a meltdown that would threaten U. S. public health are very little. But to even further reduce the possibility, engineers are testing new reactors that rely not on human judgment to shut them down but on the laws of nature. Now General Electric is already building two advanced reactors in Japan. But don’t expect them even on U. S. shores unless things change in Washington.The procedure for licensing nuclear power plants is a bad dream. Any time during or even after construction, an objection by any group or individual can bring everything to a halt while the matter is investigated or taken to court. Meanwhile, the builder must add nice-but-not-necessary improvements, some of which force him to knock down walls and start over. In every case when a plant has been opposed, the Nuclear Regulation Commission has ultimately granted a license to construct or operate. But the victory often costs so much that the utility ends up abandoning the plant anyway.A case in point is the Shoreham plant on New York’s Long Island. Shoreham was a virtual twin to the Millstone plant in Connecticut, both ordered in the mid-60’s. Millstone, completed for $101 million, has been generating electricity for two decades. Shoreham, however, was singled out by antinuclear activists who, by sending in endless protests, drove the cost over $5 billion and delayed its use for many years.Shoreham finally won its operation license. But the plant has never produced a watt power. Governor Mario Cuomo, an opponent of a Shoreham startup, used his power to force New York’s public-utilities commission to accept the following settlement: the power company couldpass the cost of Shoreham along to its consumers only if it agreed not to operate the plant. Today, a perfectly good facility, capable of servicing hundreds of thousands of homes, sits rusting.41. What’s the author’s attitude toward the development of nuclear power?A. Negative.B. Neutral.C. Positive.D. Questioning.42. What has made the procedure for licensing nuclear power plants a bad dream?A. The inefficiency of the Nuclear Regulation Commission.B. The enormous cost of construction and operation.C. The length of time it takes to make investigations.D. The objection of the opponents of nuclear power.43. What can be inferred from Paragraph 2?A. There are not enough safety measures in the U. S. for running new nuclear power plants.B. It is not technical difficulties that prevent the building of nuclear power plants in theU. S.C. There are already more nuclear power plants than necessary in the U. S.D. The American government will not allow Japanese nuclear reactors to be installed in theU. S.44. Governor Mario Cuomo’s chief intention in proposing the settlement was to ____________.A. stop the Shoreham plant from going into operationB. urge the power company to further increase its power supplyC. permit the Shoreham plant to operate under certain conditionsD. help the power company to solve its financial problems45. What does the phrase “single out” mean?A. Delay.B. End up.C. Complete.D. Separate.Questions 46-50 are based on the following passage:A lot of animals are afraid during an eclipse of the sun. Birds stop singing. Sometimes people too are afraid. Astronomers know the dates of eclipses and they are not afraid. The old astronomers of Babylon and Egypt had no telescopes; but the sky in those countries was usually clear, so they could watch the stars easily. They studied everything in the sky and they also noticed both total and partial eclipses.Because they knew the dates of eclipses, they had great power. People believed that the sky was important. They believed that an eclipse could kill a man.About 2500 years ago there was a very long war. One battle followed another, and the end never came. During one of the battles, there was a partial eclipse of the sun. The day got very dark, and the soldiers on both sides were filled with fear. They believed that the gods were angry. So they stopped fighting, and ended their long war.The sun is a star. It appears to be bigger than any other star. That is because it is near us; but the other stars are far away. The sun shines because it is very hot, but the moon shines because it reflects the sun’s light. It is like a big mirror. If we visited the moon, we should see the earth. It is also like a mirror and it reflects the light of the sun.Does the sun ever get dark during the day? It does so when the moon hides it. Sometimes the moon goes in front of the sun. We can watch its edge when it slowly crosses the sun’s disc. Everything gets darker and darker; then, at last, we cannot see any part of the sun’s disc. The moon is hiding it completely. That is a total eclipse of the sun; sometimes only part of the sun’s disc is hidden; that is not a total eclipse. It is a partial eclipse of the sun.46. What is the passage mainly about?A. The old astronomers.B. Eclipse of the sun.C. The eclipses in Babylon and Egypt.D. The correlation between the sun and the earth.47. What can be concluded from the passage?A. All people are afraid of eclipse of the sun.B. The old astronomers could watch the stars easily with telescopes.C. The old astronomers had no interest in the sky.D. The date of eclipse could be forecast.48. Why did the war mentioned in the Paragraph 3 end?A. Because the astronomers used their great power to stop it.B. Because an eclipse killed the soldiers on both sides.C. Because the war took so long time that the soldiers felt tired.D. Because a partial eclipse of the sun happened during one of the battles.49. Which of the following statements is TRUE?A. The sun is very hot because it shines.B. The moon can shine because it is a star.C. Other stars appear to be smaller than the sun because they are far away.D. The earth cannot reflect the light of the sun because it isn’t a real mirror.50. Why does an eclipse of the sun happen according to the passage?A. Because the moon passes between the sun and the earth.B. Because the sun gets dark during the day.C. Because the earth’s shadow falls on the moon.D. Because no light from the sun can reach the moon.Part IV. Writing (30 points)51.Directions: Nowadays cultural self-confidence is a hot topic in China. Some。
2016年宁波大学外国语学院211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解【圣才出品】
2016年宁波大学外国语学院211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解Part Ⅰ Vocabulary and Grammar (30 points: 20pts. for Section A, and 10pts. for Section B)Section A: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence.1. Even though he was guilty, the _____ judge did not send him to prison.A. mercifulB. impartialC. conscientiousD. conspicuous【答案】A【解析】句意：虽然他犯了罪，这位仁慈的法官并没有判他进监狱服刑。
merciful仁慈的。
impartial中立的，不偏不倚的。
conscientious认真的。
conspicuous显眼的。
故选A。
2. The education _____ for the coming year is about $4 billion, which is much more than what people expected.A. allowanceB. reservationC. budgetD. finance【答案】C【解析】句意：下一年的教育预算达到约40亿美元，远远高于人们期望的数额。
budget 预算。
allowance补贴。
reservation保留；预约。
finance财政，金融。
故选C。
3. They had fierce _____ as to whether their company should restore the trade relationship which was broken years ago.A. debateB. clashC. disagreementD. context【答案】A【解析】句意：关于公司应不应该恢复数年前破裂的贸易关系，他们展开了激烈的辩论。
南京大学外国语学院《211翻译硕士英语》[专业硕士]历年考研真题及详解
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目 录2010年南京大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解2011年南京大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解2012年南京大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解2013年南京大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解2014年南京大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解2010年南京大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解Part O e: Proof ReadingThe following sentences contain some errors. Copy and edit them on your answer sheet. (1.5×10) 1．An important information I got from her is our teacher’s new marriage.2．She had a lot of difficulty with the long vowel /ei/, so I taught her how to pronounce.3．The tutor asked the pupils: “How to write an essay on your mother?”4．The volleyball players of our department went through very tough training for a whole semester and finally win the championship of the university.5．I felt frustrated and wondered why my English wasn’t improved even after having watched many movies and read many books.6．The news of the H1N1 flu worried the headmaster, but another news was upbeat: so far, everyone in his school was healthy.7．All of us in the class would like to become a teacher in the future.8．In high school, we had to take many classes, Chinese, English, physics, chemistry, mathematics and history and so on.9．The students found it dissatisfied that their hard work was not rewarded or recognized. 10．The university attaches great importance to teacher’s research and publications.【答案与解析】1．An: The（information为不可数名词，因此将An改为The。
宁波大学2019年《357英语翻译基础》考研专业课真题试卷
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宁波大学 2019 年硕士研究生招生考试初试试题(B 卷)
(答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)
科目代码： 357 总分值： 150 科目名称：
英语翻译基础
2. Wedding cake Since cakes represent fertility, Ancient Romans would bake wheat cakes and break them over the bride’s head. Soon it became customary to stack these wheat cakes one on top of another, as tall as they could go. The bride and groom were challenged to kiss over the tower without knocking it over. If successful, they’d enjoy a lifetime of good fortune as a couple.
三、汉英篇章翻译（ຫໍສະໝຸດ 0 分）世界历史发展告诉我们，人类文明进步历程从来没有平坦的大道可走，人类就是在同困难 的斗争中前进的。再大的困难，都不可能阻挡人类前行的步伐。遇到了困难，不要埋怨自己，不 要指责他人，不要放弃信心，不要逃避责任，而是要一起来战胜困难。历史是勇敢者创造的。
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二、英汉篇章翻译（70 分）
2. 中美贸易摩擦 4. 中国人民政治协商会议 6. 网络购物 8. 人口密度 10. 电子商务 12. translation quality 14. target language 16. change of part of speech 18. consecutive interpreting 20. the cognitive process of translation
宁波大学2016年考研真题【006外语学院】211翻译硕士英语(A卷)
考试科目:翻译硕士英语科目代码：211适用专业:英语笔译Part I.Vocabulary and Grammar(30points:20for Section A,and10for Section B)Section A:There are20incomplete sentences in this section.For each sentence there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence.1.Even though he was guilty,the________judge did not send him to prison.A.mercifulB.impartialC.conscientiousD.conspicuous2.The education________for the coming year is about$4billion,which is much more than what people expected.A.allowanceB.reservationC.budgetD.finance3.They had fierce________as to whether their company should restore the trade relationship which was broken year ago.A.debateB.clashC.disagreementD.context4.They tossed your thoughts back and forth for over an hour,but still could not make_____of them.A.impressionprehensionC.meaningD.sense5.The politician says he will________the welfare of the people.A.prey onB.take onC.get atD.see to6.If you________the bottle and cigarettes,you’ll be much healthier.A.take offB.keep offC.get offD.set off7.He was________to steal the money when he saw it lying on the table.A.draggedB.temptedC.elicitedD.attracted8.Beijing somewhat short sighted,she had the habit of________at people.A.glancingB.peeringC.gazingD.scanning9.Of the thousands of known volcanoes in the world,the________majority are inactive.A.tremendousB.demandingC.intensiveD.overwhelming10.In general,matters which lie entirely within state borders are the________concern of state governments.A.extinctB.excludingC.excessiveD.exclusive11.The food was rather________and needed gingering up.A.slipperyB.inscribeC.invisibleD.insipid12.I don't________expert knowledge of this subject.A.professB.confessC.confirmD.confront13.He had no________about his talents as a singer.A.illuminationsB.illustrationsC.allusionsD.illusions14.There is not much time left;so I’ll tell you about it________.A.in detailB.in briefC.in shortD.in all15.In this factory,suggestions often have to wait for months before they are fully________.A.admittedB.acknowledgedC.absorbedD.considered16.There is a real possibility that these animals could be frightened,________a sudden loud noise.考试科目:翻译硕士英语科目代码：211适用专业:英语笔译A.being thereB.should there beC.there wasD.there having been17.By the year2000,scientists probably________a cure for cancer.A.will be discoveringB.are discoveringC.will have discoveredD.have discovered18.Jim isn’t________,but he did badly in the final exams last semester.A.gloomyB.dullC.awkwardD.tedious19.The boy slipped out of the room and headed for the swimming pool without his parents’_______.mandB.convictionC.consentpromise20.He had________on the subject.A.a rather strong opinionB.rather strong opinionC.rather the strong opinionD.the rather strong opinionSection B:There are20blanks in the following passage.For each blank there are four choices marked,A,B,C,and D You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage.Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.The human nose is an underrated tool.Humans are often thought to be insensitive smellers compared with animals,__21__this is largely because,__22__animals,we stand upright.This means that our noses are__23__to perceiving those smells which float through the air,__24__the majority of smells which stick to surfaces.In fact,__25__,we are extremely sensitive to smells,__26__we do not generally realize it.Our noses are capable of__27__human smells even when these are__28__to far below one part in one million.Strangely,some people find that they can smell one type of flower but not another,__29__others are sensitive to the smells of both flowers.This may be because some people do not have the genes necessary to generate__30__smell receptors in the nose.These receptors are the cells which sense smells and send__31__to the brain.However,it has been found that even people insensitive to a certain smell__32__can suddenly become sensitive to it when__33__to it often enough.The explanation for insensitivity to smell seems to be that brain finds it__34__to keep all smell receptors working all the time but can__35__new receptors if necessary.This may__36__explain why we are not usually sensitive to our own smells we simply do not need to be.We are not__37__of the usual smell of our own house but we__38__new smells when we visit someone else’s.The brain finds it best to keep smell receptors__39__for unfamiliar and emergency signals__40__the smell of smoke,which might indicate the danger of fire.21.A although B as C but D while22.A above B unlike C excluding D besides23.A limited B committed C dedicated D confined24.A catching B ignoring C missing D tracking25.A anyway B though C instead D therefore考试科目:翻译硕士英语科目代码：211适用专业:英语笔译26.A even if B if only C only if D as if27.A distinguishing B discovering C determining D detecting28.A diluted B dissolved C determining D diffused29.A when B since C for D whereas30.A unusual B particular C unique D typical31.A signs B stimuli C messages D impulses32.A at first B at all C at large D at times33.A subjected B left C drawn D exposed34.A ineffective B incompetent C inefficient D insufficient35.A introduce B summon C trigger D create36.A still B also C otherwise D nevertheless37.A sure B sick C aware D tired38.A tolerate B repel C neglect D notice39.A available B reliable C identifiable D suitable40.A similar to B such as C along with D aside from Part II Reading Comprehension(40points:2×20)Direction:There are four passages in this part.Each passage is followed by some questions or statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D You are expected to make the best choice.Questions41to45are based on the following passage:Moral responsibility is all very well,but what about military orders?Is it not the soldier’s first duty to give instant obedience to orders given by his military superiors?And apart from duty,will not the soldier suffer severe punishment,even death,if he refuses to do what he is ordered to do?If,then,a soldier is told by his superior to burn this house or to shoot that prisoner,how can he be held criminally accountable on the ground that the burning or shooting was a violation of the laws of war?These are some of the questions that are raised by the concept commonly called“superior orders”, and its use as a defense in war crimes trials.It is an issue that must be as old as the laws of war themselves,and it emerged in legal guise over three centuries ago when,after the Stuart restoration in 1660,the commander of the guards at the trial and execution of Charles I was put on trial for treason and murder.The officer defended himself on the ground“that all he did was as a soldier,by the command of his superior officer whom he must obey or die,”but the court gave him short shrift,saying that“when the command is traitorous,then the obedience to that command is also traitorous.”Though not precisely articulated,the rule that is necessarily implied by this decision is that it is the soldier’s duty to obey lawful orders,but that he may disobey—and indeed must,under some circumstances—unlawful orders.Such has been the law of the United States since the birth of the nation.In1804,Chief Justice John Marshall declared that superior orders will justify a subordinate’s conduct only“if not to perform a prohibited act”,and there are many other early decisions to the same考试科目:翻译硕士英语科目代码：211适用专业:英语笔译effect.A strikingly illustrative case occurred in the wake of that conflict of which most Englishmen have never heard(although their troops burned the White House)and which we call the War of1812.Our country was badly split by that war too and,at a time when the United States Navy was not especially popular in New England,the ship-in-the-line Independence was lying in Boston Harbor.A pass-by directed abusive language at a marine standing guard on the ship,and the marine,Bevans by name,ran his bayonet through the man.Charged with murder,Bevans produced evidence that the marines on the Independence had been ordered to bayonet anyone showing them disrespect.The case was tried before Justice Joseph Story,next to Marshall,the leading judicial figure of those years,who charged that any such order as Bevans had invoked“would be illegal and void”,and,if given and put into practice,both the superior and the subordinate would be guilty of murder.In consequence,Bevans was convicted.The order allegedly given to Bevans was pretty drastic,and Boston Harbor was not a battlefield; perhaps it was not too much to expect the marine to realize that literal compliance might lead to bad trouble.But it is only too easy to conceive of circumstances where the matter might not be at all clear. Does the subordinate obey at peril that the order may later be ruled illegal,or is protected unless he has a good reason to doubt its validity?41.It can be inferred from Para.1that if a soldier obeys his superior’s order to burn a house or to kill aprisoner,________.A.he is right according to moral standardsB.he should not receive any punishmentC.he should certainly be liable for his actionD.he will be convicted according to the law of war42.What was the rule implied by the trail of the commander of the guards?A.A soldier must obey lawful orders,be he right or wrong.B.Even if an order is unlawful,the soldier must still obey it.C.A soldier may or must disobey unlawful orders or he must die.D.It is the soldier’s duty to obey superior orders whatever they are.43.The phrase“to the same effect”(Line6,Para.3)most probably means“which”________.A.are of the similar meaningB.have the same purposeC.must be put into effectD.lead to the same result44.According to the fourth paragraph,Bevans was found guilty because he________.A.obey illegal ordersB.was accused of murderC.disobeyed the superior ordersD.offended against the law of war45.It can be concluded from the last paragraph that the author’s attitude towards Bevans was______.A.bewilderingB.indignantC.approvingD.not quite sympathetic Questions46to50are based on the following passage:Americans today don’t place a very high value on intellect.Our heroes are athletes,entertainers, and entrepreneurs,not scholars.Even our schools are where we send our children to get a practical考试科目:翻译硕士英语科目代码：211适用专业:英语笔译education——not to pursue knowledge for the sake of knowledge.Symptoms of pervasive anti-intellectualism in our schools aren’t difficult to find.“Schools have always been in a society where practical is more important than intellectual,”says education writer Diane Ravitch.“Schools could be a counterbalance.”Razitch’s latest book,Left Back: A Century of Failed School Reforms,traces the roots of anti-intellectualism in our schools,concluding they are anything but a counterbalance to the American distaste for intellectual pursuits.But they could and should be.Encouraging kids to reject the life of the mind leaves them vulnerable to exploitation and control.Without the ability to think critically,to defend their ideas and understand the ideas of others,they cannot fully participate in our democracy.Continuing along this path,says writer Earl Shorris,“We will become a second-rate country.We will have a less civil society.”“Intellect is resented as a form of power or privilege,”writes historian and Professor Richard Hofstadter in Anti-Intellectualism in American life,a Pulitzer Prize winning book on the roots of anti-intellectualism in US politics,religion,and education.From the beginning of our history,says Hofstadter,our democratic and populist urges have driven us to reject anything that smells of elitism. Practicality,common sense,and native intelligence have been considered more noble qualities than anything you could learn from a book.Ralph Waldo Emerson and other Transcendentalist philosophers thought schooling and rigorous book learning put unnatural restraints on children:“We are shut up in schools and college recitation rooms for10or15years and come out at last with a bellyful of words and do not know a thing.”Mark Twain’s Huckleberry Finn exemplified American anti-intellectualism.Its hero avoids being civilized, going to school and learning to read,so he can preserve his innate goodness.Intellect,according to Hofstadter,is different from native intelligence,a quality we reluctantly admire.Intellect is the critical,creative,and contemplative side of the mind.Intelligence seeks to grasp, manipulate,re-order,and adjust,while intellect examines,ponders,wonders,theorizes,criticizes and imagines.School remains a place where intellect is mistrusted.Hofstadter says our country’s educational system is in the grips of people who“joyfully and militantly proclaim their hostility to intellect and their eagerness to identify with children who show the least intellectual promise.”46.What do American parents expect their children to acquire in school?A.The habit of thinking independently.B.Profound knowledge of the worldC.Practical abilities for future career.D.The confidence in intellectual pursuits.47.We can learn from the text that Americans have a history of_______.A.undervaluing intellectB.favoring intellectualismC.supporting school reformD.suppressing native intelligence48.The views of Ravitch and Emerson on schooling are________.A.identicalB.similarplementaryD.opposite考试科目:翻译硕士英语科目代码：211适用专业:英语笔译49.Emerson,according to the text,is probably_______.A.a pioneer of education reformB.an opponent of intellectualismC.a scholar in favor of intellectD.an advocate of regular schooling50.What does the author think of intellect?A.It is second to intelligence.B.It evolves from common sense.C.It is to be pursuedD.It underlies power.Questions51to55are based on the following passage:There are good reasons to be troubled by the violence that spreads throughout the media.Movies, television and video games are full of gunplay and bloodshed,and one might reasonably ask what’s wrong with a society that presents videos of domestic violence as entertainment.Most researchers agree that the causes of real-world violence are complex.A1993study by the U.S.National Academy of Sciences listed“biological,individual,family,peer,school,and community factors”as all playing their parts.Viewing abnormally large amounts of violent television and video games may well contribute to violent behavior in certain individuals.The trouble comes when researchers downplay uncertainties in their studies or overstate the case for causality.Skeptics were dismayed several years ago when a group of societies including the American Medical Association tried to end the debate by issuing a joint statement:“At this time,well over1,000studies...point overwhelmingly to a causal connection between media violence and aggressive behavior in some children.”Freedom-of-speech advocates accused the societies of catering to politicians,and even disputed the number of studies(most were review articles and essays,they said).When Jonathan Freedman,a social psychologist at the University of Toronto,reviewed the literature,he found only200or so studies of television-watching and aggression.And when he weeded out“the most doubtful measures of aggression”,only28%supported a connection.The critical point here is causality.The alarmists say they have proved that violent media cause aggression.But the assumptions behind their observations need to be examined.When labeling games as violent or non-violent,should a hero eating a ghost really be counted as a violent event?And when experimenters record the time it takes game players to read‘aggressive’or‘non-aggressive’words from a list,can we be sure what they are actually measuring?The intent of the new Harvard Center on Media and Child Health to collect and standardize studies of media violence in order to compare their methodologies,assumptions and conclusions is an important step in the right direction.Another appropriate step would be to tone down the criticism until we know more.Several researchers write,speak and testify quite a lot on the threat posed by violence in the media.That is,of course,their privilege.But when doing so,they often come out with statements that the matter has now been settled,drawing criticism from colleagues.In response,the alarmists accuse critics and news reporters of being deceived by the entertainment industry.Such clashes help neither science nor society.考试科目:翻译硕士英语科目代码：211适用专业:英语笔译51.Why is there so much violence shown in movies,TV and video games?A.There is a lot of violence in the real world today.B.Something has gone wrong with today’s society.C.Many people are fond of gunplay and bloodshedD.Showing violence is thought to be entertaining.52.What is the skeptics(Line3,Paragraph3)view of media violence?A.Violence on television is a fairly accurate reflection of real-world life.B.Most studies exaggerate the effect of media violence on the viewers.C.A causal relationship exists between media and real-world violence.D.The influence of media violence on children has been underestimated53.The author uses the term“alarmists”(Line1,Paragraph5)to refer to those who________.e standardized measurements in the studies of media violenceB.initiated the debate over the influence of violent media on realityC.assert a direct link between violent media and aggressive behaviore appropriate methodology in examining aggressive behavior54.In refuting the alarmists,the author advances his argument by first challenging________.A.the source and amount of their dataB.the targets of their observationC.their system of measurementD.their definition of violence55.What does the author think of the debate concerning the relationship between the media andviolence?A.More studies should be conducted before conclusions are drawn.B.It should come to an end since the matter has now been settledC.The past studies in this field have proved to be misleading.D.He more than agrees with the views held by the alarmists.Questions56to60are based on the following passage:In the college-admissions wars,we parents are the true fighters.We are pushing our kids to get good grades,take SAT preparatory courses and build résumés so they can get into the college of our first choice.I've twice been to the wars,and as I survey the battlefield,something different is happening.We see our kids'college background as a prize demonstrating how well we've raised them. But we can't acknowledge that our obsession is more about us than them:So we've contrived various justifications that turn out to be half-truths,prejudices or myths.It actually doesn't matter much whether Aaron and Nicole go to Stanford.We have a full-blown prestige panic;we worry that there won't be enough prizes to go around. Fearful parents urge their children to apply to more schools than ever.Underlying the hysteria is the belief that scarce elite degrees must be highly valuable.Their graduates must enjoy more success because they get a better education and develop better contacts.All that is plausible—and mostly wrong.We haven't found any convincing evidence that selectivity or prestige matters.Selective schools考试科目:翻译硕士英语科目代码：211适用专业:英语笔译don't systematically employ better instructional approaches than less selective schools.On two measures—professors'feedback and the number of essay exams—selective schools do slightly worse.By some studies,selective schools do enhance their graduates'lifetime earnings.The gain is reckoned at2-4%for every100-point increase in a school's average SAT scores.But even this advantage is probably a statistical fluke.A well-known study examined students who got into highly selective schools and then went elsewhere.They earned just as much as graduates from higher-status schools.Kids count more than their colleges.Getting into Yale may signify intelligence,talent and ambition.But it's not the only indicator and,paradoxically,its significance is declining.The reason:so many similar people go elsewhere.Getting into college isn't life's only competition.In the next competition—the job market and graduate school—the results may change.Old-boy networks are breaking down.Princeton economist Alan Krueger studied admissions to one top Ph.D program.High scores on the GRE helped explain who got in;degrees of prestigious universities didn't.So,parents,lighten up.The stakes have been vastly exaggerated.Up to a point,we can rationalize our pushiness.America is a competitive society;our kids need to adjust to that.But too much pushiness can be destructive.The very ambition we impose on our children may get some into Harvard but may also set them up for disappointment.One study found that,other things being equal,graduates of highly selective schools experienced more job dissatisfaction.They may have been so conditioned to being on top that anything less disappoints.56.Why does the author say that parents are the true fighters in the college-admissions wars?A.They have the final say in which university their children are to attend？B.They know best which universities are most suitable for their children.C.They have to carry out intensive surveys of colleges before children make an application.D.They care more about which college their children go to than the children themselves.57.Why do parents urge their children to apply to more schools than ever?A.They want to increase their children's chances of entering a prestigious college.B.They hope their children can enter a university that offers attractive scholarships.C.Their children will have a wider choice of which college to go to.D.Elite universities now enroll fewer students than they used to.58．What does the author mean by saying"Kids count more than their college"(Line1,Paragraph4)?A.Continuing education is more important to a person's success.B.A person's happiness should be valued more than their education.C.Kids’actual abilities are more important than their college backgrounds.D.What kids learn at college cannot keep up with job market requirements.考试科目:翻译硕士英语科目代码：211适用专业:英语笔译59．What does Krueger's study tell us?A.Getting into Ph.D programs may be more competitive than getting into college.B.Degrees of prestigious universities do not guarantee entry to graduate programs.C.Graduates from prestigious universities do not care much about their GRE scores.D.Connections built in prestigious universities may be sustained long after graduation.60．One possible result of pushing children into elite universities is that______.A.they earn less than their peers from other institutionsB.they turn out to be less competitive in the job marketC.they experience more job dissatisfaction after graduationD.they overemphasize their qualifications in job applicationsPart III Writing(30points)Directions:Based on the information given below,please write an essay of about600words on the Answer Sheet.You have60minutes to plan,write,and revise your essay.If you could travel back in time or into the future,which would you choose and what exact period of time would you like to experience?Use specific reasons and examples to support your choice. Suggested title for the essay is:The Time MachineYou may use your own title if you like.。
2019年暨南大学外国语学院211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解【圣才出品】
2019年暨南大学外国语学院211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解I.Vocabulary&Grammar(30%)Directions:There are30sentences in this section.Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D.Choose ONE answer that best completes the sentence.Write your answers on the Answer Sheet.cation and work can be restructured to teach and______the skills of concentration and focus.A.proposeB.propagateC.propelD.proceed【答案】B【解析】句意：教育和工作可以重组，以教授和培养专注和专注的技能。
propagate传播；宣传。
propose建议；求婚。
propel推进；激励。
proceed开始；继续进行。
因此，本题的正确答案为B。
2.It’s difficult to_____the demands of my job and the desire to be a good father.A.reconcilebineC.relateD.integrate【答案】A【解析】句意：很难兼顾我的工作要求和做一个好父亲的愿望。
reconcile使一致；使调解。
combine联合；结合。
relate联系；讲述。
integrate成为一体；使加入。
因此，本题的正确答案为A。
3.Break out of this guilt and let yourself_____in your sense of accomplishment for what you have gotten done instead of what there is still to do.A.absorbB.indulgeC.involveD.relish【答案】D【解析】句意：打破这种内疚，让自己对你已经完成的事情而不是还要做的事情津津乐道。
宁波大学2018年《211翻译硕士英语》考研专业课真题试卷
宁波大学 2018 年硕士研究生招生考试初试试题(B 卷)
(答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)
科目代码：
211
总分值：
100
科目名称：
翻译硕士英语
11. In the current economic climate it is fairly ________ that unemployment will continue to rise. A. predictable B. indifferent C. desirable D. reliable 12. The rise in violent crime is one of the more worrying ________ of the current situation. A. matters B. affairs C. portions D. aspects 13. Why didn’t you ________ the police immediately? This is vital evidence. A. inform B. announce C. propose D. claim 14. It’s difficult to emerge from such a scandal with your reputation still ________. A. whole B. famous C. intact D. known 15. Although there was a lot more to say, Stephen ________ from further questions. A. reflected B. refrained C. strained D. resisted 16. We could tell that she was still ________ something and it was our job to find out what. A. canceling B. sheltering C. concealing D. settling 17. He played very badly and I think your criticisms were completely ________. A. entitled B. justified C. hopeless D. disappointed 18. A ________ examination for the post of department manager will be held next Tuesday. A. classifying B. contrasting C. comparing D. competitive 19. What she’s saying about the market may be true, but I’m ________ to give it a closer look. A. opposed B. attempted C. inclined D. consented 20. It took two trips to ________ all Helen’s furniture to her new apartment. A. transfer B. replace C. locate D. displace Section B: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked, A, B, C, and D You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre. In the 19th century, it was common to hear people in Europe and America say that the resources of the sea were unlimited. For example, a famous biologist said____(21)____the mid 1800s that resources of the sea were ____(22)____ . Today there’s ____(23)____ that the resources of the sea are as seriously threatened as ____(24)____ of the land and the air. ____(25)____, the threat to fish is
卓顶精文最新2019年翻译硕士真题及解析.doc
20PP年翻译硕士真题及解析俗话说细节决定成败，单选题虽然所占的比重比较小，但是更是得分的相对容易的题，只要认真把握分就在你的手里，下面就看下20PP年翻译硕士单选及答案吧。
1.ThemoYewelookedatthepictuYe,____________.AthebetteYwelikeitBwelikeditlessCitlookedbetteYDthemoYewelikedit2.HismethodofdoingYeseaYchwoYkishaYdlPappYeciated;hefeelsinfeYioY____ ____otheYs.AthanBasCwithDto3.TheiYwatchis______toalltheotheYwatcheYsonthemaYket.AsupeYioYBsupeYCbeneficialDadvantageous4.PouwillwanttwotYeesabouttenfeetapaYt,fYom________tosuspendPouYtent. AtheYeBthenCwhichDwheYe5.ThatwassoseYiousamatteYthatIhadnochoicebut______thepolice. AcalledinBcallinginCcallinDtocallin6.AmeYicanseat________asthePactuallPneedeveYPdaP. AtwiceasmuchpYoteinBpYoteintwiceasmuchCtwicepYoteinasmuchDpYoteinastwicemuch7.WenolongeYkeepuptheclosefYiendshipoffewPeaYsago,thoughwestillvisite achotheYonoccasion.A.ingoodtimeB.uptodateC.nowandthenD.onceandfoYall8.ShouldpYimaYPeducationalsobecompulsoYPinYuYalandYemoteaYeas?A.YequiYedB.necessaYPC.selectD.peYmanent9.InYecentdecades,ChinaisbecomingoneofthemostaffluentcountYiesinthewo Yld.A.plentifulB.poweYfulC.fYiendlPD.wealthP参考答案：1.正确答案：D例题解析：The+比较级，the+比较级，表示越……，越……。
宁波大学英语教学论考研真题试题2010年—2019年(缺13、14)
宁波大学年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题(A卷)(答案必须写在答题纸上)考试科目: 英语教学论科目代码：837 适用专业: 学科教学(英语)1.Traditional language teaching methods and communicative language teaching approach: dichotomyor continuum? (20 points)2.What is communicative competence(CC)? How to develop the learners’CC according to yourteaching or learning experience? (20 points)3.How do you assume the post-method era? Does it indicate we can abandon the language teachingmethods or approaches? (20 points)4.In terms of task-based language teaching and learning, Nunan, Feez(1998), Ellis gave differentaccounts. Please define the concept of TBLT according to Nunan and list some basic principles of. You can also show your own opinions.task-based language teaching according to Feez’s claims(20 points)5.如何理解“强任务”（strong version）和“弱任务”(weak version)。
（只有本题可用中文回答，其他各题必须用英文回答。
2019年暨南大学外国语学院211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解【圣才出品】
2019年暨南大学外国语学院211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解I. Vocabulary & Grammar (30%)Directions: There are 30 sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Write your answers on the Answer Sheet.1. Education and work can be restructured to teach and ______ the skills of concentration and focus.A. proposeB. propagateC. propelD. proceed【答案】B【解析】句意：教育和工作可以重组，以教授和培养专注和专注的技能。
propagate传播；宣传。
propose建议；求婚。
propel推进；激励。
proceed开始；继续进行。
因此，本题的正确答案为B。
2. It’s difficult to _____ the demands of my job and the desire to be a good father.A. reconcileB. combineC. relateD. integrate【答案】A【解析】句意：很难兼顾我的工作要求和做一个好父亲的愿望。
reconcile使一致；使调解。
combine联合；结合。
relate联系；讲述。
integrate成为一体；使加入。
因此，本题的正确答案为A。
3. Break out of this guilt and let yourself _____ in your sense of accomplishment for what you have gotten done instead of what there is still to do.A. absorbB. indulgeC. involveD. relish【答案】D【解析】句意：打破这种内疚，让自己对你已经完成的事情而不是还要做的事情津津乐道。
宁波大学翻译硕士英语2016—2020年考研真题
(答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)科目代码：211 总分值：100 科目名称：翻译硕士英语Part I. Vocabulary and Grammar (30 x 1% = 30%)Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Write your answers onthe Answer Sheet.1. The ________ of the film shows that the reviewers’ fears were completely unjustified.A. populationB. popularityC. populaceD. populism2. A survey was carried out on the death rate of new born babies in that region, _____ were surprising.A．as results B. which results C. the results of it D. the results of which3. Although some students graduate from high school, they are virtually illiterate ______ writing a businessletter.A. in the event ofB. in the light ofC. in case ofD. in terms of4. ______ his undoubted innocence, the accused man appeared extremely nervous.A. HoweverB. DespiteC. Even thoughD. Although5. The motion picture is only a series of still photographs which are split and viewed in rapid _______ to createthe illusion of movement and continuity.A. sequenceB. successionC. transmissionD. conveyance6. Operations which left patients ________ and in need of long periods of recovery time now leave them feelingrelaxed and comfortable.A. exhaustedB. abandonedC. injured D deserted7. His honeymoon expense is rather high in _______ to his income.A. comparisonB. proportionC. associationD. calculation8. We started burning some leaves in our yard, but the fire got __________ and we had to call the fire brigade toput it out.A. out of handB. out of orderC. out of placeD. out of way9. It is said that the math teacher seems _______ towards bright students.A. partialB. beneficialC. preferableD. liable(答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)科目代码：211 总分值：100 科目名称：翻译硕士英语10. His use of color, light and form quickly departed from the conventional style of his _____ as he developed his own techniques.A. descendantsB. predecessorsC. successorsD. ancestors11. I’m one of the students _____ never late for school.A. that isB. who areC. who amD. who is12. The visitors, men and women, old and young, had walked for many hours. ________ of them got very tired,but _______ of them would stop to take a rest.A. All…neitherB. Both… noneC. All…noneD. Both….everyone13. I do not understand how the arranged marriage could ________ work out in the more traditional societies.A. frequentlyB. conceivablyC. naivelyD. precisely14. I wondered what her ____ to the news would be.A. impressionB. reactionC. commentD. opinion15. The introduction of modern technique from abroad makes it necessary for skilled workers to ____ unskilledworkers.A. take placeB. take overC. take downD. take the place of16. How do you ____ for coming late for the meeting?A. explainB. excuseC. describeD. account17. The Song Dynasty contributed three great inventions____ world civilization.A.toB. towardsC. withD. in18. After _____ deliberation, the foreman announced that the jury had reached verdict.A. 10 minutes ofB. 10-minutes ofC. 10 minute’sD. 10 minutes19. The student was very excited when he ____ his teacher in this important lecture.A. assistedB. insistedC. resistedD. persisted20. A funny moment in the show is _____ the bad guy falls into a pile of wet cement.A. asB. thatC. whileD. when21. Understanding this article is ____ a seven-year-old child’s capacity.A. onB. upC. downD. beyond(答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)科目代码：211 总分值：100 科目名称：翻译硕士英语22. Jill would rather that his girl friend ____ in the same department as he does.A. studiedB. should studyC. studyD. had studied23. Bob had been ____ on a meadow sprinkled with dandelion for a long time before he sat up.A. laidB. lyingC. lainD. laying24. There are signs ____ Internet are becoming more and more popular with teenagers.A. thatB. whoseC. whatD. which25. She had no objection to ____ the airplane ticket which would send her to Geneva.A. to takeB. takingC. of takingD. to taking26. The coat I bought yesterday is not expensive at all. As a matter of fact, I would gladly have paid ____ forit.A. as much twiceB. much as twiceC. as twice muchD. twice as much27. He _______ unwisely, but he was at least trying to do something helpful.A. may have actedB. must have actedC. should actD. would act28. ______ him tomorrow?A. Why not to call onB. Why don’t call onC. Why not calling onD. Why not call on29. Without facts, we cannot form a worthwhile opinion, for we need to have factual knowledge ____ ourthinking.A. upon which to baseB. which to base uponC. which to be based onD. to base on which30. Some areas, ____ their severe weather conditions, are hardly populated.A. due toB. but forC. in spite ofD. with regard toPart II. Reading Comprehension (40%)SECTION A MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS (20 ×1%=20%)Directions: There are seven passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. You should decide onthe best choice and write on the Answer Sheet.(答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)科目代码：211 总分值：100 科目名称：翻译硕士英语Passage 1In the fall of 1924 Thomas Wolfe, fresh from his course in playwright at Harvard, joined the eight or ten of us who were teaching English composition in New York University. I had never before seen a man so tall as he, and so ungraceful. I pitied him and went out of my way to help him get adjusted to his work and to make him feel at home．His students soon let me know that he had no need of my protectiveness. They spoke of his ability to describe a simple event in such a manner as to have them roar with laughter or struggling to keep back their tears，of his readiness to quote in detail from any poet they could name, of his habit of writing three pages of comment on a student’s one-page composition, and of his astonishing ease in expressing in words anything he had seen or heard or tasted or felt．Indeed, his students made so much of his powers of observation that I decided to make a little test and see for myself. My opportunity came one morning when the students were slowly gathering for nine-o’clock classes．Upon arriving at the university that day, I found Wolfe alone in the large room which served all the English composition teachers as an office. He made no protest when I asked him to come with me out into the hall, and he only smiled when we reached a classroom door and I told him to enter alone and look around．He stepped in, remained no more than thirty seconds and then came out. “Tell me what I see,” I said as I took his place in the room, leaving him in the hall with his back to the door. Without the least hesitation and without a single error, he gave the number of seats in the room, identified those which were occupied by boys and those occupied by girls, named the colors each student was wearing, pointed out the Latin verb written on the blackboard, spoke of the chalk marks which the cleaner had failed to wash from the floor, and pictured in detail the view of Washington Square from the windows．As I rejoined Wolfe, I was speechless with amazement. He, on the contrary, was wholly calm as he said. “The worst thing about it is that I’ll remember it all．”1．Which of the following statements is true of Thomas Wolfe?A．He failed to finish his course at Harvard．B．He began teaching right after his graduation．C．He regarded New York University as his home．D．He had a polite manner．2．What did the author think of Thomas Wolfe?A．He was not satisfied with his job．B．He felt uncomfortable in his work．C．He was not good at teaching．(答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)科目代码：211 总分值：100 科目名称：翻译硕士英语D．He was unfamiliar with his students．3．Which of the following statements is NOT mentioned in the passage?A．Wolfe’s students praised his power of observation．B．The author performed an experiment on Wolfe’s ability．C．Wolfe’s students asked the author to have a test of their ability．D．Wolfe did not feel angry when he was tested．Passage 2Throughout this long, tense election, everyone has focused on the presidential candidates and how they'll change America. Rightly so. But selfishly, I'm more fascinated by Michelle Obama and what she might be able to do, not just for this country, but for me as an African-American woman. As the potential First Lady, she would have the world's attention. And that means that for the first time people will have a chance to get up close and personal with the type of African-American woman they so rarely see.Usually, the lives of black women go largely unexamined. The prevailing theory seems to be that we're all hot-tempered single mothers who can't keep a man. Even in the world of make-believe, black women still can't escape the stereotype of being eye-rolling, oversexed females raised by our never-married, alcoholic mothers.These images have helped define the way all black women are viewed, including Michelle Obama. Before she ever gets the chance to commit to a cause, charity or foundation as First Lady, her most urgent and perhaps most complicated duty may be simply to be herself.It won't be easy. Because few mainstream publications have done in-depth features on regular African-American women, little is known about who we are, what we think and what we face on a regular basis. For better or worse, Michelle will represent us all.Just as she will have her critics, she will also have millions of fans who usually have little interest in the First Lady. Many African-American blogs have written about what they'd like to see Michelle bring to the White House—mainly showing the world that a black woman can support her man and raise a strong black family. Michelle will have to work to please everyone—an impossible task. But for many African-American women like me, just a little of her poise (沉着), confidence and intelligence will go a long way in changing an image that's been around for far too long.4. What is the common stereotype of African-American women according to the author?A. They are victims of family violence.B. They are of an inferior social group.C. They use quite a lot of body language.D. They live on charity and social welfare.(答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)科目代码：211 总分值：100 科目名称：翻译硕士英语5. What do many African-Americans write about in their blogs?A. Whether Michelle can live up to the high expectations of her fans.B. How Michelle should behave as a public figure.C. How proud they are to have a black woman in the White House.D. What Michelle should do as wife and mother in the White House.6. What does the author say about Michelle Obama as a First Lady?A. However many fans she has, she should remain modest.B. She shouldn't disappoint the African-American community.C. However hard she tries, she can't expect to please everybody.D. She will give priority to African-American women's concerns.Passage 3The success of a speech is often attributed to the skill of the speaker, with merit being given to speakers who are confident, articulate, knowledgeable and able to deliver a speech with conviction. But often it is not the speakers who write these moving speeches, it is a speechwriter. And one industry in which this practice is common is that of politics. So what does it take to be a political speechwriter?Well according to a recent job advertisement from the US Embassy in Britain, a political speechwriter needs to have exceptional interpersonal skills, be detail-oriented and able to demonstrate a deep knowledge of their subject. They must also work closely with speakers and be able to relate to their style. Some believe that the best speechwriters have an inherent talent, a natural creative instinct, and that speechwriting is an art form.So what about those of us who do not possess such genius? Can we still produce successful speeches? In an interview with the BBC, Dr Max Atkinson (a communications specialist) outlined a number of speechwriting techniques. He also illustrated how these techniques have been used in historic speeches. One such technique is introducing contrast. This is extremely useful when presenting a positive spin on a negative issue. One of the most famous examples of this can be seen in a speech given by former American President John F Kennedy: "Ask not what your country can do for you but what you can do for your country." Another technique is the use of three-part lists. Dr Atkinson explains that this can be an excellent way of adding finality or confirming a statement. Former British Prime Minister Tony Blair was a fan of this technique. One of his most famous campaign slogans was "education, education, education".These techniques can be used like tools - they can be chosen from a toolbox and applied as necessary. A few other techniques you might find in a speechwriter's toolbox might be the use of imagery, anecdotes and alliteration. So next time you have to prepare a speech or presentation, try applying one or more of these techniques and see if you have what it takes to be a winning speechwriter.(答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)科目代码：211 总分值：100 科目名称：翻译硕士英语7. According to the passage, all of the following are techniques often used in political speech except ________.A. contrastB. alliterationC. metaphorsD. three-part lists8. Which of the following is NOT a skill required of a good public speaker?A. confidenceB. ConvictionC. knowledgeD. a deep voicePassage 4There was a rich merchant who had 4 wives. He loved the 4th wife the most and adorned her with rich robes and treated her to delicacies. He took great care of her and gave her nothing but the best.He also loved the 3rd wife very much. He's very proud of her and always wanted to show off her to his friends. However, the merchant is always in great fear that she might run away with some other men.He too, loved his 2nd wife. She is a very considerate person, always patient and in fact is the merchant's confidante. Whenever the merchant faced some problems, he always turned to his 2nd wife and she would always help him out and tide him through difficult times.Now, the merchant's 1st wife is a very loyal partner and has made great contributions in maintaining his wealth and business as well as taking care of the household. However, the merchant did not love the first wife and although she loved him deeply, he hardly took notice of her.One day, the merchant fell ill. Before long, he knew that he was going to die soon. He thought of his luxurious life and told himself, "Now I have 4 wives with me. But when I die, I'll be alone. How lonely I'll be!"Thus, he asked the 4th wife, "I loved you most, endowed you with the finest clothing and showered great care over you. Now that I'm dying, will you follow me and keep me company?" "No way!" replied the 4th wife and she walked away without another word. The answer cut like a sharp knife right into the merchant's heart. The sad merchant then asked the 3rd wife, "I have loved you so much for all my life. Now that I'm dying, will you follow me and keep me company?" "No!" replied the 3rd wife. "Life is so good over here! I'm going to remarry when you die!" The merchant's heart sank and turned cold.He then asked the 2nd wife, "I always turned to you for help and you've always helped me out. Now I need your help again. When I die, will you follow me and keep me company?" "I'm sorry, I can't help you out this time!" replied the 2nd wife. "At the very most, I can only send you to your grave." The answer came like a bolt of thunder and the merchant was devastated.Then a voice called out : "I'll leave with you. I'll follow you no matter where you go." The merchant looked up and there was his first wife. She was so skinny, almost like she suffered from malnutrition. Greatly grieved,(答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)科目代码：211 总分值：100 科目名称：翻译硕士英语the merchant said, "I should have taken much better care of you while I could have!"Actually, we all have 4 wives in our lives:a. The 4th wife is our body. No matter how much time and effort we lavish in making it look good, it'll leave us when we die.b. Our 3rd wife is our possessions, status and wealth. When we die, they all go to others.c. The 2nd wife is our family and friends. No matter how close they had been there for us when we're alive, the furthest they can stay by us is up to the grave.d. The 1st wife is in fact our soul, often neglected in our pursuit of material, wealth and sensual pleasure. Guess what? It is actually the only thing that follows us wherever we go. Perhaps it's a good idea to cultivate and strengthen it now rather than to wait until we're on our deathbed to lament.9. What is the implied meaning of the sentence that describes his first wife as “so skinny, almost like shesuffered from malnutrition.” (paragraph 8)?A. His first wife was growing old.B. His first wife had an eating disorder.C. He failed to nourish his spirit.D. He failed to protect his wealth.10. From the passage, we can conclude that ________.A. A life devoted to business is a worthy life.B. One should only have a single wife.C. The second wife is callous.D. Death shows us what is most important in life.Passage 5We find that bright children are rarely held back by mixed ability teaching. On the contrary, both their knowledge and experience are enriched. We feel that there are many disadvantages in streaming (把……按能力分班) pupils. It does not take into account the fact that children develop at different rates. It can have a bad effect on both the bright and the not-so-bright child. After all, it can be quite discouraging to be at the bottom of the top grade！Besides, it is rather unreal to grade pupils just according to their intellectual ability. This is only one aspect of their total personality. We are concerned to develop the abilities of all our pupils to the full, not just their academic ability. We also value personal qualities and social skills, and we find that mixed-ability teaching contributes to all these aspects of learning.In our classrooms, we work in various ways. The pupils often work in groups: this gives them the(答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)科目代码：211 总分值：100 科目名称：翻译硕士英语opportunity to learn to co-operate, to share, and to develop leadership skills. They also learn how to deal with personal problems as well as learning how to think, to make decisions, to analyze and evaluate, and to communicate effectively in order to have the ability to become leaders. The pupils learn from each other as well as from the teacher.Sometimes the pupils work in pairs; sometimes they work on individual tasks , and they can do this at their own speed. They also have some formal class teaching when this is suitable. We encourage our pupils to use the library, and we teach them the skills they need in order to do this efficiently. An advanced pupil can do advanced work: it does not matter what age the child is. We expect our pupils to do their best, not their least, and we give them every encouragement to attain this goal.11. We can know from the passage that the author’s attitude towards “mixed-ability teaching” is ________.A. approvingB. disapprovingC. questioningD. inactive12. According to the passage, mixed-ability teaching ________.A. has both merits and demeritsB. Discourages the children who are left behindC. enables the bright children to learn betterD. fails to acknowledge the gap between top and bottom students13. Which of the following is NOT MENTIONED in the third paragraph?A. Pupils also learn to develop their reasoning abilities.B. Pupils also learn how to participate in teaching activitiesC. Group work gives pupils the chance to learn to work together with others.D. Group work supply pupils with the chance to learn to be good organizers.Passage 6I lost my sight when I was four years old by falling off a box car in a freight yard in Atlantic City and landing on my head. Now I am thirty two. I can vaguely remember the brightness of sunshine and what color red is. It would be wonderful to see again, but a calamity can do strange things to people. It occurred to me the other day that I might not have come to love life as I do if I hadn't been blind. I believe in life now. I am not so sure that I would have believed in it so deeply, otherwise. I don't mean that I would prefer to go without my eyes. I simply mean that the loss of them made me appreciate the more what I had left.(答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)科目代码：211 总分值：100 科目名称：翻译硕士英语Life, I believe, asks a continuous series of adjustments to reality. The more readily a person is able to make these adjustments, the more meaningful his own private world becomes. The adjustment is never easy. I was bewildered and afraid. But I was lucky. My parents and my teachers saw something in me--a potential to live, you might call it--which I didn't see, and they made me want to fight it out with blindness.The hardest lesson I had to learn was to believe in myself. That was basic. If I hadn't been able to do that, I would have collapsed and become a chair rocker on the front porch for the rest of my life. When I say belief in myself I am not talking about simply the kind of self-confidence that helps me down an unfamiliar staircase alone. That is part of it. But I mean something bigger than that: an assurance that I am, despite imperfections, a real, positive person; that somewhere in the sweeping, intricate pattern of people there is a special place where I can make myself fit.It took me years to discover and strengthen this assurance. It had to start with the most elementary things. Once a man gave me an indoor baseball. I thought he was mocking me and I was hurt. "I can't use this." I said. "Take it with you," he urged me, "and roll it around." The words stuck in my head. "Roll it around! " By rolling the ball I could hear where it went. This gave me an idea how to achieve a goal I had thought impossible: playing baseball. At Philadelphia's Overbrook School for the Blind I invented a successful variation of baseball. We called it ground ball.All my life I have set ahead of me a series of goals and then tried to reach them, one at a time. I had to learn my limitations. It was no good to try for something I knew at the start was wildly out of reach because that only invited the bitterness of failure. I would fail sometimes anyway but on the average I made progress.14. We can learn from the beginning of the passage thatA. the author lost his sight because of a car crash.B. the author wouldn't love life if the disaster didn't happen.C. the disaster made the author appreciate what he had.D. the disaster strengthened the author's desire to see.15. According to the context, "a chair rocker on the front porch" in paragraph 3 means that the authorA. would sit in a rocking chair and enjoy his life.B. was paralyzed and stayed in a rocking chair.C. would lose his will to struggle against difficulties.D. would sit in a chair and stay at home.(答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)科目代码：211 总分值：100 科目名称：翻译硕士英语16. According to the passage, the baseball and encouragement offered by the man_______A. hurt the author's feeling.B. gave the author a deep impression.C. directly led to the invention of ground ball.D. inspired the author.17. According to the passage, which of the following is CORRECT?A. The author set goals for himself but only invited failure most of the time.B. The author suggested not trying something beyond one's ability at the beginning.C. The bitterness of failure prevented the author from trying something out of reach.D. Because of his limitations, the author tried to reach one goal at a time.Passage 7Today, more and more people are using credit cards instead of money to buy the things they need. Almost anyone who has a steady income and continuous work record can apply for a credit card. If you have a credit card, you buy a car, eat a dinner, take a trip, and even get a haircut by changing the cost to your account. You can pay for purchases a month or two later, without any extra charge. Or you may choose to spread out your payments over several months and pay only part of the total amount each month. If you do this, the credit card company of the bank who sponsors the credit card will add a small service charge to your bill. This is very convenient for customers. With the credit card in your wallet or purse, you don't have to carry much cash. This saves your trips to the bank to cash checks. Also if you carry credit cards instead of a lot of cash, you don't have to be concerned about losing your money through carelessness or theft.Credit cards are big business. Americans spend $16 billion a year on cards and there are already 590 million of them in circulation. Many banks sponsor their own credit companies and issue cards free to their customers. Other credit card companies charge their members annual dues. The stores that accept credit cards must pay a small fee to the credit card company ―a percentage of purchase price of the merchandise or service. In return, the credit card company promptly pays the store for the merchandise or service. Credit card companies make a profit from the fees they charge the store and also from the fees collected from customers who pay for their charges in monthly installment.However, credit card companies sometimes have problems collecting overdue payments from unreliable(答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)科目代码：211 总分值：100 科目名称：翻译硕士英语customers if they charge more than they can pay for. Yet, in many ways, the big loser in the credit card system is not the credit card company, the store, or the card user, but rather the general customer. The store makes up for the fees it pays to the credit card company by increasing prices for goods and services. Stores may have more sales if they accept cards, but the added cost to the store when credit cards are accepted instead of cash is actually passed on to all consumers in higher prices. In this way, the cash customer suffers for the convenience the credit card customer enjoys.18. According to the passage, nearly everyone can apply for credit cards if he or she can prove to be ________.A. a dependable and honest personB. a person with an income and work experienceC. a person with work experience but no regular incomeD. a person with a regular income and an unbroken work record19. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT a channel for the credit card company to make a profit?A. Membership fees for credit card users.B. A heavy fine for overdue payments.C. Service charges for stores that accept credit cards.D. Service charges for card users who pay back over a period.20. The author’s purpose of writing this article is to ________.A. persuade people to use credit cardsB. warn people of the danger of using credit cardsC. explain how credit card business worksD. explain how to use credit cardsSECTION B SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (10 ×2%=20%)Directions: In this section there are five short answer questions based on the passages in Section A. Answer the question with NO more than ten words in the space provided on Answer Sheet.Passage 11. What is the students’ opinion of Thomas Wolfe?。
2019年宁波大学外语学院357英语翻译基础考研真题和答案
2019年宁波大学外语学院357英语翻译基础考研真题和答案一、词语互译（每小题2分，共40分）说明：本部分共20个词语，汉语和英语各10个，或选自国内外时事新闻，或选自翻译理论术语。
请将汉语词语翻译为英语，英语词语翻译为汉语。
1. 人民的获得感【答案】people’s sense of gain2. 中美贸易摩擦【答案】Sino-US trade friction3. 共享经济【答案】sharing economy4. 中国人民政治协商会议【答案】t he Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC)5.春运【答案】Spring Festival travel rush6. 网络购物【答案】online shopping7. 信息社会【答案】information society8. 人口密度【答案】density of population9. 外向型经济【答案】export-oriented economy10. 电子商务【答案】e-commerce11. domestication【答案】归化12. translation quality【答案】翻译质量13. communicative translation【答案】交际翻译14. target language【答案】目标语15. source text【答案】源文本16. change of part of speech【答案】词性变化17. intralingual translation【答案】语内翻译18. consecutive interpreting【答案】交替传译19. dynamic equivalence【答案】动态对等20. the cognitive process of translation【答案】翻译的认知过程二、英汉篇章翻译（70分）Have you ever been a flower girl, a bridesmaid, or caught the bouquet at a friend’s wedding? All of these customs are expected at modern weddings, but these wedding traditions actually date back to ancient times. In fact, different cultures have created their own wedding customs. Many of these customs have stood the test of time and have evolved into the wedding traditions we are familiar with today.1. Wedding veil This wedding tradition dates ba ck to the origin of arranged marriages. Traditionally, the groom’s family would not allow him to see his bride until the wedding. This is because if he didn’t like her looks, there was a chance that he might not agree to marry her. Therefore, the veil was used to conceal the bride’s appearance up until the very moment in which they were to be married.2. Wedding cake Since cakes represent fertility, Ancient Romans would bake wheat cakes and break them over the bride’s head. Soon it became customary to stack these wheat cakes one on top of another, as tall as they could go. The bride and groom were challenged to kiss over the tower without knocking it over. I f successful, they’d enjoy a lifetime of good fortune as a couple.3. Groomsmen The tradition of having groomsmen as part of the wedding, comes from the ancient tradition of kidnapping the bride. Before a couple could get married, a man had to employ his fellow friends or warrior companions to help him fight off other warriors and prevent the bride’s family from finding the couple. The groom’s main warrior companions would be the equivalent of the “best man” at a wedding.【参考译文】你曾经做过花童，伴娘，或者在朋友的婚礼上接过花吗？所有这些习俗都是现代婚礼的习俗，但这些婚礼传统实际上可以追溯到古代。
宁波大学考研真题861翻译与汉语(A卷)硕士研究生入学考试试题(2019年)
宁波大学2019年硕士研究生招生考试初试试题(A卷)(答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)科目代码：861 总分值：150 科目名称：翻译与汉语Part I Translation (100 points)Directions:This part consists of three passages. Translate Passage 1 from English into Chinese and Passages 2 and 3 from Chinese into English.Passage 1: English- Chinese Translation. (50 points)Win-Win Performance AgreementsCreating Win-Win Performance Agreements requires vital Paradigm Shifts. The focus is on results; not methods. Most of us tend to supervise methods. We use the gofer delegation discussed in Habit 3, the methods management I used with Sandra when I asked her to take pictures of our son as he was waterskiing. But Win-Win Agreements focus on results, releasing tremendous individual human potential and creating greater synergy, building PC in the process instead of focusing exclusively on P.With win-win accountability, people evaluate themselves. The traditional evaluation games people play are awkward and emotionally exhausting. In win-win, people evaluate themselves, using the criteria that they themselves helped to create up front. And if you set it up correctly, people can do that. With a Win-Win Delegation Agreement, even a seven-year-old boy can tell for himself how well he's keeping the yard "green and clean."My best experiences in teaching university classes have come when I have created a win-win shared understanding of the goal up front. "This is what we're trying to accomplish. Here are the basic requirements for an A, B, or C grade. My goal is to help every one of you get an A. Now you take what we've talked about and analyze it and come up with your own understanding of what you want to accomplish that is unique to you. Then let's get together and agree on the grade you want and what you plan to do to get it."Management philosopher and consultant Peter Drucker recommends the use of a "manager's letter" to capture the essence of performance agreements between managers and their employees. Following a deep and thorough discussion of expectations, guidelines, and resources to make sure they are in harmony with organizational goals, the employee writes a letter to the manager that summarizes the第0 页共 4 页。
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2019年宁波大学外国语学院211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary and Grammar (30 points: 20 for Section A, and 10 for Section B) Section A: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence.
1. Andrew wanted to be transferred to another department, but her application was _____ because her own department is understaffed.
A. turned down
B. turned over
C. turned away
D. turned off
【答案】A
【解析】句意：安德鲁想调到另一个部门去，但是她的申请被否决了，因为她自己的部门人手不足。
turn down拒绝（某人或其请求、提议等）；调低。
turn over翻转；深思熟虑。
turn away拒绝……进入；弃用（方法、主意）。
turn off驶离；关掉；使丧失兴趣。
因此，本题答案为A。
2. Helen’s been neglecting her homework lately. I’ll _____ with her parents about it.
A. have words
B. have a word
C. have the word
D. have the last word
【答案】B
【解析】句意：海伦最近一直忽视她的家庭作业。
我将和她父母讨论这件事。
have a word with sb.简短地和某人说话。
have words with sb.与某人争吵。
have the last word拥有最终决定权。
因此，本题的正确答案为B。
3.______ more societies are geared to retirement at around 65, companies have a looming problem of knowledge management.
A. Given that
B. Provided
C. Unless
D. While
【答案】A
【解析】句意：考虑到越来越多的群体在65岁左右退休，公司面临着一个迫在眉睫的知识管理问题。
given that考虑到；鉴于。
provided假如；在……条件下。
unless除非；如果不。
while当……的时候；然而。
因此，本题的正确答案为A。
4. Psychologists maintain that the nature of human beings entails a strong need to _____ their free time; idleness can be as stressful as activity.
A. endanger
B. preserve
C. consume
D. organize
【答案】C
【解析】句意：心理学家认为，人的本性需要充分消耗业余时间；懒惰可能和活动一样令人紧张。
consume消耗；挥霍。
endanger危及；使濒临灭绝。
preserve保存；保护。
organize 组织。
因此，本题的正确答案为C。
5. _____ age twenty, Robert Kelly left KCRA, Inc. to enroll _____ the University of California at Davis.
A. at; at
B. at; in
C. upon; in
D. on; at
【答案】B
【解析】句意：20岁时，罗伯特·凯利离开KCRA公司，进入加州大学戴维斯分校学习。
at 与age搭配表示在具体的年岁。
enroll in，固定搭配，意为“参加”。
因此，本题的正确答案为B。
6. We had the unmeasured _____ of the enemy and their air attack still beating upon us.
A. threaten
B. misfortune
C. flinch
D. menace
【答案】D
【解析】句意：那时我们面临着敌人无法衡量的威胁以及他们的空中部队始终攻打着我们。
menace和threat都有“威胁”的意思，但是语气不同。
menace所指的威胁程度最严重，表示使用暴力或造成破坏的可能。
threat语气较弱，指任何公开侵犯对方的言行，给对方构成威胁。
misfortune不幸；灾祸。
flinch退缩，畏惧。
因此，本题的正确答案为D。
7. I _____ the Head Master’s permission to alter darker to sterner. “Not less we praise in sterner days.”
A. have obtained
B. acquire
C. had possessed
D. contained
【答案】A
【解析】句意：我已经获得校长的允许，把“更黑暗的”改成“更严峻的”。
“我们在更严峻的日子里的赞美依然如故。
”obtain和acquire都有“获得，取得”的意思，不过acquire 多指经过努力逐步获得才能、知识、习惯等，也可用于对财物等的获得，该词强调“一经获得就会长期持有”的含义。
possess拥有；具有。
contain包含；控制。
因此，本题的正确答案为A。
8. AIDS is said _______ the number-one killer of both men and women over the past few years in that region.
A. being
B. to be
C. to have been
D. having been
【答案】C
【解析】句意：据说艾滋病是过去几年该地区男性和女性的头号杀手。
sb./sth. be said to do 经常与It is/was said that sb./sth...进行转换。
由时间状语“over the past few years”可知，动作发生在谓语动作之前，故应用不定式的完成式作宾语。
因此，本题的正确答案为C。
9. Sometimes he was brilliant; sometimes he was maddeningly tiresome. The underlined word means _____.
A. exhausting
B. dull
C. annoying
D. bored
【答案】C
【解析】句意：有时他很聪明；有时他令人心烦意乱。
tiresome讨厌的；令人厌烦的。
C 项annoying使恼怒的；使生气的，意思与tiresome一致。
exhausting使人筋疲力尽的；使耗尽的。
dull迟钝的；无趣的。
bored无聊的；无趣的。
因此，本题的正确答案为C。
10. Uncle Bubba was tough, kind, funny, and scary all ______ one, which was just
what Dan and I needed.
A. mix into
B. merged into
C. fixed into
D. rolled into
【答案】D
【解析】句意：布巴叔叔是一个集坚强、善良、有趣和可怕为一体的人，这正是丹和我所需要的。
习语rolled into one的英文释义为“combined together into one thing or person”。
因此，本题的正确答案为D。
11. In fact, as he approached his beloved daughter, he only barely resisted the _____
to stroke her pretty soft hair.
A. impulse
B. intuition
C. instinct
D. incentive
【答案】A
【解析】句意：事实上，当他走近他深爱的女儿时，他几乎忍不住去抚摸她那漂亮柔软的头发。
impulse冲动；心血来潮；一时的念头。
intuition直觉力；直觉。
instinct本能；天性。
incentive激励；刺激；鼓励。
因此，本题的正确答案为A。