中国文化关键词的英文表达

中国文化关键词一、四大发明the Four Great inventions of Ancient China1、火药gunpowder2、印刷术printing3、造纸术paper-making4、指南针compass二、中国古代哲学家Ancient Chinese Philosophers1、孔子Confucius2、孟子Mencius3、老子Lao Tzu4、庄子Chuang Tzu5、孙子Sun Tzu6、墨子Mo Tzu三、四书The Four Books1、《大学》The Great Learning2、《中庸》The Doctrine of the Mean3、《论语》The Analects of Confucius4、《孟子》The Mencius四、书法五大书体The Five Major Styles of Chinese Calligraphy1、篆书seal script; seal character2、隶书official script; clerical script3、行书running script; semi-cursive script4、草书cursive script5、楷书regular script; standard script五、六气The Six Classical Arts1、礼rites2、乐music3、射archery4、御riding5、书writing6、数arithmetic六、汉字Chinese Characters1、汉字笔画stroke2、偏旁部首radical3、书写体系writing system4、汉藏语系Sino-Tibetan5、汉学家Sinologist; Sinologue6、中国热Sinomania7、同宗同源of the same origin8、华夏祖先the Chinese Characters9、单音节single syllable10、声调tone11、阳平、阴平、上声、去声level tone, rising tone, falling-rising tone, falling tone七、武术The Martial Arts1、中国武术kung fu2、武术门派schools of martial arts3、习武健身practice martial arts for fitness4、古代格斗术ancient form of combat5、中国武术协会Chinese Martial Art Association6、武林高手top martial artist7、气功Qigong, deep breathing exercises8、柔道judo9、空手道karate10、跆拳道tae kwon do11、拳击boxing12、摔跤wrestling13、击剑fencing14、武侠小说tales of roving knights; kungfu novels八、中国文学作品Chinese Literary Works1、《三国演义》Three Kingdoms2、《西游记》Journey to the West3、《红楼梦》Dream of the Red Mansions4、《山海经》the Classic of Mountains and Rivers5、《资治通鉴》History as a Mirror; Comprehensive History Retold as a Mirror for Rulers6、《西厢记》the Romance of West Chamber7、《水浒传》Heroes of the Marshes, Tales of the Water Margin8、《聊斋志异》Strange Tales of a Lonely Studio; Strange Tales from Make-Do Studio9、《围城》Fortress Besieged10、《阿Q正传》The True Story of Ah Q11、《春秋》The Spring and Autumn Annals12、《史记》Historical Records13、《诗经》The Book of Songs14、《易经》The Book of Changes15、《礼记》The Book of Rites16、《孝经》Book of Filial Piety17、《三字经》Three-Character Scripture; Three-Word Chant18、八股文Eight-part essay; stereotyped writing19、五言绝句five-character quatrain20、七言律诗seven-character octave九、中国建筑Chinese Architecture1、四合院quadrangle; the traditional Chinese single-story houses with rows of rooms around the four sides of a courtyard2、蒙古包(Mongolian)yurt3、碑文inscriptions on a tablet4、碑林the forest of steles5、道观Taoist temple6、殿hall7、烽火台beacon tower8、鼓楼drum tower9、华表ornamental column十、十二生肖Zodiac1、鼠Rat2、牛Ox3、虎Tiger4、兔Hare5、龙Dragon6、蛇Snake7、马Horse8、羊Sheep9、猴Monkey10、鸡Rooster11、狗Dog12、猪Pig十一、传统节日Traditional Festivals1、春节The Spring Festival拜年pay a New Year visit爆竹fire cracker除夕Eve of Chinese New Year春联Spring Couplets辞旧迎新ring out the old year and ring in the new饺子boiled dumpling锅贴pan-fried dumpling; pot-sticker庙会temple fair年画traditional Chinese New year Pictures年夜饭the Eve Feast; family reunion dinner on lunar New Year’s Eve; Banquet of Chinese New Year Eve守岁stay up late on the New Year’s Eve团圆饭family reunion dinner压岁钱New Year gift-money; money given to children as a New Year gift2、元宵节Lantern Festival元宵sweet sticky rice dumplings花灯festival lantern灯谜lantern riddle舞龙dragon dance狮子舞lion dance踩高跷stilt walking3、清明节Tomb-sweeping Day扫墓tomb-sweeping; sweep tomb sites of loved ones祭祖offer sacrifices to the ancestors踏青go for an outing in spring4、端午节Dragon Boot Festival赛龙舟dragon boot race粽子tradition Chinese rice-pudding亡灵departed soul忠臣loyal minister5、中秋节Moon Festival; Mid-Autumn Day月饼moon cake赏月appreciate the glorious full moon6、重阳节Double Ninth Day; the Aged Day7、国庆节National Day十二、京剧Beijing Opera1、变脸face-off2、生male(the positive male role)3、旦female(the positive female role)4、净a supporting male role with a striking character5、丑a down or a negative role6、花脸painted role7、独角戏monodrama; one-man show8、京剧票友amateur performer of Beijing Opera; Peking Opera fan9、脸谱mask十三、《论语》The Analects of Confucius1、己所不欲，勿施于人Do not do to others what you would not want them do to you.2、言必行，行必果Keep what you see and carry out what you do.3、有朋自远方来，不亦说乎？Isn’t it a delight to have friends coming from afar?4、知者乐山，仁者乐水The wise find pleasure in waters; the virtuous find pleasure inmountains.5、君子敏于言而甚于行The gentleman are speedy as a worker and cautious as aspeaker.6、知之为知之，不知为不知，是知也。

True knowledge is when one knows the limitationsof his knowledge.7、巧言令色，鲜矣仁Someone who is a clever speaker and maintains a “too-smiley” faceis seldom considered a humane person.8、温故而知之，可以为师矣You could be a teacher if you get something new from whatyou have learned before.9、学而优则仕A good scholar can become an official.十四、其他1、剪纸Paper Cutting2、书法Chinese calligraphy3、风水Geomantic Omen4、黄土高原Loess Plateau5、红白公事Weddings and funerals6、针灸acupuncture7、唐三彩Tri-color Pottery of the Tang Dynasty8、农历lunar calendar9、中国特色社会主义Socialism with Chinese characteristics10、精神文明建设The Construction of Spiritual Civilization11、文物cultural relics12、中国结Chinese knot13、唐装Tang suit; traditional Chinese garments14、景泰蓝cloisonn15、文化产业culture industry16、文化底蕴cultural deposits17、文化事业cultural undertaking18、文化交流cross-cultural communication; intercultural communication19、文化冲突culture shock20、民族文化national culture21、民间文化fork culture22、乡村文化rural culture23、表演艺术performing arts24、现代流行艺术popular art25、高雅艺术refined art26、木偶戏puppet show27、说书story-telling28、口技ventriloquism29、皮影戏shadow play。