外文期刊常用语句100条
英语报刊的好词好句摘抄
英语报刊的好词好句摘抄英语报刊的好词好句摘抄如下:A bad beginning makes a bad ending. 不善始者不善终As a man sows, so he shall reap. 种瓜得瓜,种豆得豆.Children are what the mothers are. 耳濡目染,身教言传.A close mouth catches no flies. 病从口入.All that glitters is not gold. 闪光的不一定都是金子.Where there is life, there is hope. 有生命必有希望.A good medicine tastes bitter.良药苦口A miss is as good as a mile. 失之毫厘,差之千里Constant dripping wears away a stone. 水滴石穿,绳锯木断.Don‘t put off till tomorrow what should be done today. 今日事,今日毕A bad beginning makes a bad ending.不善始者不善终.A bad thing never dies.遗臭万年.A bad workman always blames his tools.不会撑船怪河弯.A bird in the hand is worth than two in the bush.一鸟在手胜过双鸟在林.A boaster and a liar are cousins-german.吹牛与说谎本是同宗.A bully is always a coward.色厉内荏.A burden of one's choice is not felt.爱挑的担子不嫌重.A candle lights others and consumes itself.蜡烛照亮别人,却毁灭了自己.A cat has 9 lives.猫有九条命.A cat may look at a king.人人平等.A close mouth catches no flies.病从口入.A constant guest is never welcome.常客令人厌.Actions speak louder than words.事实胜于雄辩.Adversity leads to prosperity.穷则思变.Adversity makes a man wise, not rich.逆境出人才.A fair death honors the whole life.死得其所,流芳百世.A faithful friend is hard to find.知音难觅.A fall into a pit, a gain in your wit.吃一堑,长一智.A fox may grow gray, but never good.江山易改,本性难移.A friend in need is a friend indeed.患难见真情.A friend is easier lost than found.得朋友难,失朋友易.A friend is never known till a man has need.需要之时方知友.A friend without faults will never be found.没有十全十美的朋友.'After you' is good manners.“您先请”是礼貌.A good beginning is half done.良好的开端是成功的一半.A good beginning makes a good ending.善始者善终.A good book is a good friend.好书如挚友.A good book is the best of friends, the same today and forever.一本好书,相伴一生.A good conscience is a soft pillow.不做亏心事,不怕鬼叫门.A good fame is better than a good face.美名胜过美貌.A good husband makes a good wife.夫善则妻贤.A good medicine tastes bitter.良药苦口.A good wife health is a man's best wealth.妻贤身体好是男人最大的财富.A great talker is a great liar.说大话者多谎言.A hedge between keeps friendship green.君子之交淡如水.A joke never gains an enemy but loses a friend.戏谑不能化敌为友,只能使人失去朋友.A leopard cannot change its spots.积习难改.A liar is not believed when he speaks the truth.说谎者即使讲真话也没人相信.A light heart lives long.静以修身.A little body often harbors a great soul.浓缩的都是精品.A little knowledge is a dangerous thing.一知半解,自欺欺人.A little pot is soon hot.狗肚子盛不得四两油.All are brave when the enemy flies.敌人逃窜时,人人都成了勇士.All good things come to an end.天下没有不散的筵席.All rivers run into sea.海纳百川.All roads lead to Rome.条条大路通罗马.All that ends well is well.结果好,就一切都好.All that glitters is not gold.闪光的不一定都是金子.All things are difficult before they are easy.。
英语报刊文章素材句子摘抄及例句
英语报刊文章素材句子摘抄及例句1. From The Economist: "The pandemic has not only closed museums and galleries—it has also undermined the market for art."。
例句:The closure of museums and galleries during the pandemic has made it difficult for many artists to sell their works and make a living.2. From The New York Times: "The United States presidential election is looming large in the minds of Americans,particularly those who are concerned about the future of their country."。
例句:With the presidential election just a few weeks away, many Americans are worried about the direction their country is headed in.3. From The Guardian: "Climate change is a pressing issue that requires immediate action from governments and individuals alike."。
例句:It is important for people to recognize the urgency of the climate change crisis and take steps to reduce their carbon footprint.4. From CNN: "The coronavirus pandemic has exposed significant flaws in the healthcare system, particularly with regard to accessibility and affordability."。
英语写作中使用频率最高的100个实用句子
1.经济的快速发展.经济的快速发展 the rapid development of economy 2.人民生活水平的显著提高/ 稳步增长稳步增长 the the remarkable remarkable remarkable improvement/ improvement/ improvement/ steady steady steady growth growth growth of of of people’s people’s living standard 3.先进的科学技术.先进的科学技术 advanced science and technology 4.面临新的机遇和挑战.面临新的机遇和挑战 be faced with new opportunities and challenges 5.人们普遍认为.人们普遍认为 It is co m monly believed/ recognized that…mmonly believed/ recognized that…6.社会发展的必然结果.社会发展的必然结果 the inevitable result of social development 7.引起了广泛的公众关注.引起了广泛的公众关注 arouse wide public concern/ draw public attention 8.不可否认.不可否认 It is undeniable that…/ There is no denying that…9.热烈的讨论/ 争论争论 a heated discussion/ debate 10. 有争议性的问题有争议性的问题 a controversial issue 11.完全不同的观点.完全不同的观点 a totally different argument 12.一些人.一些人 …而另外一些人而另外一些人 … Some people… while others…13. 就我而言/ 就个人而言就个人而言 As far as I am concerned, / Personally, 14.就…达到绝对的一致达到绝对的一致 reach an absolute consensus on…15.有充分的理由支持.有充分的理由支持 be supported by sound reasons 16.双方的论点.双方的论点 arguments on both sides 17.发挥着日益重要的作用.发挥着日益重要的作用 play an increasingly important role in…18.对…必不可少必不可少 be indispensable to …19.正如谚语所说.正如谚语所说 As the proverb goes: 20.…也不例外也不例外 …be no exception21.对…产生有利/不利的影响不利的影响 exert positive/ negative effects on…22.利远远大于弊.利远远大于弊 the advantages far outweigh the disadvantages. 23.导致,引起.导致,引起 lead to/ give rise to/ contribute to/ result in 24.复杂的社会现象.复杂的社会现象 a complicated social phenomenon 25.责任感成就感 sense of responsibility/ sense of achievement .责任感 / 成就感26. 竞争与合作精神竞争与合作精神 sense of competition and cooperation 27. 开阔眼界开阔眼界 widen one’s horizon/ broaden one’s vision28.学习知识和技能.学习知识和技能 acquire knowledge and skills 29.经济/心理负担心理负担 financial burden / psychological burden 30.考虑到诸多因素.考虑到诸多因素 take many factors into account/ consideration 31. 从另一个角度从另一个角度 from another perspective 32.做出共同努力.做出共同努力 make joint efforts 33. 对…有益有益 be beneficial / conducive to…34.为社会做贡献.为社会做贡献 make contributions to the society 35.打下坚实的基础.打下坚实的基础 lay a solid foundation for…36.综合素质.综合素质 comprehensive quality 37.无可非议.无可非议 blameless / beyond reproach 39.致力于/ 投身于投身于 be committed / devoted to…40. 应当承认应当承认 Admittedly, 41.不可推卸的义务.不可推卸的义务 unshakable duty 42. 满足需求满足需求 satisfy/ meet the needs of…43.可靠的信息源.可靠的信息源 a reliable source of information 44.宝贵的自然资源.宝贵的自然资源 valuable natural resources 45.因特网大写).因特网 the Internet (一定要由冠词,字母I 大写)46.方便快捷.方便快捷 convenient and efficient 47.在人类生活的方方面面.在人类生活的方方面面 in all aspects of human life 48.环保(的).环保(的) environmental protection / environmentally friendly 49.社会进步的体现.社会进步的体现 a symbol of society progress 50.科技的飞速更新.科技的飞速更新 the ever-accelerated updating of science and technology 51.对这一问题持有不同态度.对这一问题持有不同态度 hold different attitudes towards this issue 52.支持前/后种观点的人后种观点的人 people / those in favor of the former/ latter opinion 53.有/ 提供如下理由/ 证据证据 have/ provide the following reasons/ evidence 54.在一定程度上.在一定程度上 to some extent/ degree / in some way 55. 理论和实践相结合理论和实践相结合 integrate theory with practice e trend of…56. …必然趋势必然趋势 an irresistibl e trend of…57.日益激烈的社会竞争.日益激烈的社会竞争 the increasingly fierce social competition 58.眼前利益.眼前利益 immediate interest/ short-term interest 59.长远利益. interest in the long run 60.…有其自身的优缺点 有其自身的优缺点 … has its merits and demerits/ advantages and disadvantages 61.扬长避短.扬长避短 Exploit to the full one’s favorable conditions and avoid unfavorable ones 62.取其精髓,取其糟粕.取其精髓,取其糟粕 Take the essence and discard the dregs. 63.对…有害有害 do harm to / be harmful to/ be detrimental to 64.交流思想/ 情感/ 信息信息 exchange ideas/ emotions/ information 65.跟上…的最新发展的最新发展 keep pace with / catch up with/ keep abreast with the latest development of …66.采取有效措施来… take effective measures to do sth.67.…的健康发展的健康发展 the healthy development of …68.有利有弊.有利有弊 Every coin has its two sides. No garden without weeds. 69.对…观点因人而异son. 观点因人而异 Views on …vary from person to per70.重视.重视 attach great importance to… 71.社会地位.社会地位 social status 72.把时间和精力放在…上focus time and energy on…73.扩大知识面.扩大知识面 expand one’s scope of knowledge74.身心两方面.身心两方面 both physically and mentally 75.有直接/间接关系间接关系 be directly / indirectly related to…76. 提出折中提议提出折中提议 set forth a compromise proposal 77. 可以取代可以取代 “think”的词的词 believe, claim, maintain, argue, insist, hold the opinion/ belief that 78.缓解压力/ 减轻负担减轻负担 relieve stress/ burden 79.优先考虑/发展… give (top) priority to sth.80.与…比较比较 compared with…/ in comparison with 81. 相反相反 in contrast / on the contrary. 82.代替.代替 replace/ substitute / take the place of 83.经不起推敲.经不起推敲 cannot bear closer analysis / cannot hold water 84.提供就业机会.提供就业机会 offer job opportunities 85. 社会进步的反映社会进步的反映 mirror of social progress 86.毫无疑问.毫无疑问 Undoubtedly, / There is no doubt that…87.增进相互了解.增进相互了解 enhance/ promote mutual understanding 88.充分利用.充分利用 make full use of / take advantage of 89.承受更大的工作压力.承受更大的工作压力 suffer from heavier work pressure 90.保障社会的稳定和繁荣.保障社会的稳定和繁荣 guarantee the stability and prosperity of our society 91.更多地强调.更多地强调 put more emphasis on…92.适应社会发展.适应社会发展 adapt oneself to the development of society 93.实现梦想.实现梦想 realize one’s dream/ make one’s dream come true94. 主要理由列举如下主要理由列举如下 The main reasons are listed as follows: 95. 首先首先 First,Firstly,In the first place, To begin with 96.其次.其次 Second, Secondly, In the second place 97. 再次再次 Besides,In addition, Additionally, Moreover, Furthermore 98. 最后最后 Finally, Last but not the least, Above all, Lastly, 99. 总而言之总而言之 All in all, To sum up, In summary, In a word, 100.我们还有很长的路要走.我们还有很长的路要走 We still have a long way to go.。
英文报刊中时事政治经典语句
英文报刊中时事政治经典语句英文报刊中时事政治经典语句1. The two leaders stated that both countries would develop good-neighborlyand friendly relations on the basis of mutual respect for sovereignty andterritorial integrity, non-aggression, non-interference in each other’sinternal affairs, equality and mutual benefit and peaceful co-existence.两位领导人声明,两国将在互相尊重主权和领土完整,互不侵犯,互不干涉内政,平等互利与和平共处的基础上发展睦邻友好关系。
2. The country’s stability depends on how well the president can groom a successor.这个国家能否稳定取决于总统能否成功地培养一个接班人。
注:groom,使准备参加竞选,做好准备,训练。
3. He accused the prime minister of burnishing his own image while foldingunder pressure.他指责总理一方面在压力下退缩,一方面给自己脸上贴金。
注:accuse用在法律上应当译成“”指控“,如:He was accused of theft.(他被指控犯有偷窃罪);fold,作不及物动词用时有”关闭“、”垮台“的意思此处转义”退缩“;burnishing原意是抛光、擦亮。
4. The opposition leader’s speech stole the headlines from the government.反对党领袖的演讲在报纸上大出风头,使政府相形见绌。
英文杂志短语总结
Phillips is a secret sophisticate(神秘奇才), often going to great lengths to mask his evident gift.(兜一个大圈子以掩饰其天赋)Throughout the season, he was shy and humble, even as his fingers, as applied to his guitar(投入到吉他上), displayed serious dexterity灵巧, and his voice, scratchy潦草的and earthy朴实的, showed real range and power.Dress for a pageant盛会,露天表演/kegger啤酒聚会Underwhelmed未受欢迎的Tuesday’s finale wasn’t a showdown(最后摊牌时刻)so much as the convenient intersection(交叉)of two arcs —Ms. Sanchez’s ascendant 【ə'sendənt]占优势地位的】but flattening, and Mr. Phillips’s steady as she goes(一如既往地稳定). As she goesWhile she had Mr. Phillips beat in volume(在音量上被击败),and maybe also in commitment, he was lithe [laið]轻盈的and sly狡猾的, performing as if there were no competition(没有竞争可言). His t ake on Ben E. King’s “Stand By Me” was restrained(克制的)and appealingly slippery, and on Billy Joel’s “Movin’ Out (Anthony’s Song),” he let loose(释放)a roar near the end临近最后, a reminder that his modesty is just a pose.Rootsy纯正的,地道的Ledet, who placed third and was easily the most professional-sounding(唱法专业)and downright invigorating [in'viɡəreitinɡ] 爽快的,精力充沛的singer in the competition. A tightly wound soul man transported directly from a 1950s pulpit, he was often astonishing, and became more emotionally impactful 有力的as the season progressed.Mr. Ledet looked as though he were singing for his supper. Mr. Phillips looked as if he were waiting for it to be delivered.*he stripped the material of its essential fluff(无价值的东西), delivering in a growl 咆哮what had ordinarily been soft and winsome(迷人可爱的)Many of the other competitors were gifted – maybe as many as in any season of the show – but they paired their impressive technique with little capacity for feeling(他们的唱功没能不能得到抒发).Steven Tyler has retreated into a puddle of cliché(成词滥调的池塘)and anodyne安慰人的(平淡无奇的)praise.(老生常谈)a month of reckoning 一个清算的月份academic year学期have been flooded with mail is that of the City University of New York (CUNY), a public college that lacks, among other things,a famous sports team, bucolic campuses and raucous parties (it doesn't even have dorms), and, until recently, academic credibility.。
外刊中值得背诵的句子
外刊中值得背诵的句子
这里为您提供几个值得背诵的外刊中的句子:
1. "The only thing we can do is to do our best and not worry about the future." (我们唯一能做的就是尽最大努力,不要担心未来。
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2. "Success is not final, failure is not fatal: It is the courage to continue that counts." (成功不是终点,失败也不是致命的,重要的是勇于继续前进的勇气。
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3. "The greatest glory in living lies not in never falling, but in rising every time we fall." (生命中最大的荣耀不在于从未跌倒,而在于每次跌倒后都能重新站起来。
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4. "Dreams are the touchstones of our characters." (梦想是我们性格的试金石。
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5. "Life is like a box of chocolates, you never know what you're gonna get." (生活就像一盒巧克力,你永远不知道你会得到什么。
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这些句子不仅富有哲理,而且语言优美,值得背诵并运用到自己的写作和谈话中。
向英文期刊投稿时的一些套话(整理)
向英文期刊投稿时的一些套话一、投稿信1. Dear Dr. Defendi ML:I am sending a manuscript entitled “”by –which I should like to submit for possible publication in the journal of - .Yours sincerely2. Dear Dr. A:Enclosed is a manuscript entitled “”by sb, which we are submitting for publication in the journal of - . We have chosen this journal because it deals with - . We believe that sth would be of interest to the journal’s readers.3. Dear Dr. A:Please find enclosed for your review an original research article, “”by sb. All authors have read and approve this version of the article, and due care has been taken to ensure the integrity of the work. No part of this paper has published or submitted elsewhere. No conflict of interest exits in the submission of this manuscript, and we have attached to this letter the signed letter granting us permission to use Figure 1 from another source.We appreciate your consideration of our manuscript, and we look forward to receiving comments from the reviewers.二、询问有无收到稿件Dear Editors,We dispatched our manuscript to your journal on 3 August 2006 but have not, as yet, receive acknowledgement of their safe arrival. We fear that may have been lost and should be grateful if you would let us know whether or not you have received them. If not, we will send our manuscript again. Thank you in advance for your help.三、询问论文审查回音Dear Editors,It is more than 12 weeks since I submitted our manuscript (No: ) for possible publication in your journal. I have not yet received a reply and am wondering whether you have reached a decision. I should appreciated your letting me know what you have decided as soon as possible.四、关于论文的总体审查意见1. This is a carefully done study and the findings are of considerable interest. A few minor revision are list below.2. This is a well-written paper containing interesting results which merit publication. For the benefit of the reader, however, a number of points need clarifying and certain statements require further justification. There are given below.3. Although these observation are interesting, they are rather limited and do not advance our knowledge of the subject sufficiently to warrant publication in PNAS. We suggest that the authors try submitting their findings to specialist journal such as –.4. Although this paper is good, it would be ever better if some extra data were added.5. This manuscript is not suitable for publication in the journal of –because the main observation it describe was reported 3 years ago in a reputable journal of - .6. Please ask someone familiar with English language to help you rewrite this paper. As you will see, Ihave made some correction at the beginning of the paper where some syntax is not satisfactory.7. We feel that this potentially interesting study has been marred by an inability to communicate the finding correctly in English and should like to suggest that the authors seek the advice of someone witha good knowledge of English, preferable native speaker.8. The wording and style of some section, particularly those concerning HPLC, need careful editing. Attention should be paid to the wording of those parts of the Discussion of and Summary which have been underlined.9. Preliminary experiments only have been done and with exception of that summarized in Table 2, none has been repeated. This is clearly unsatisfactory, particularly when there is so much variation between assays.10. The condition of incubation are poorly defined. What is the temperature? Were antibody used?五、给编辑的回信1. In reply to the referee’s main criticism of paper, it is possible to say that –.One minor point raised by the referee concerns of the extra composition of the reaction mixture in Figure 1. This has now been corrected. Further minor changes had been made on page 3, paragraph 1 (line 3-8) and 2 (line 6-11). These do not affect our interpretation of the result.2. I have read the referee’s comments very carefully and conclude that the paper has been rejected on the sole grounds that it lake toxicity data. I admit that I did not include a toxicity table in my article although perhaps I should have done. This was for the sake of brevity rather than an error or omission.3. Thank you for your letter of –and for the referee’s comments concerning our manuscript entitled “”. We have studied their comments carefully and have made correction which we hope meet with their approval.4. I enclosed a revised manuscript which includes a report of additional experiments done at the referee’s suggestion. You will see that our original findings are confirmed.5. We are sending the revised manuscript according to the comments of the reviewers. Revised portion are underlined in red.6. We found the referee’s comments most helpful and have revised the manuscript7. We are pleased to note the favorable comments of reviewers in their opening sentence.8. Thank you for your letter. I am very pleased to learn that our manuscript is acceptable for publication in Cancer Research with minor revision.9. We have therefore completed a further series of experiments, the result of which are summarized in Table 5. From this we conclude that intrinsic factor is not account.10. We deleted the relevant passage since they are not essential to the contents of the paper.11. I feel that the reviewer’s comments concerning Figures 1 and 2 result from a misinterpretation of the data.12. We would have include a non-protein inhibitor in our system, as a control, if one had been available.13. We prefer to retain the use of Table 4 for reasons that it should be clear from the new paragraph inserted at the end of the Results section.14. Although reviewer does not consider it is important to measure the temperature of the cells, we consider it essential.15. The running title has been changed to “”.16. The Materials and Methods section now includes details for measuring uptake of isotope and assaying hexokinase.17. The concentration of HAT media (page12 paragraph 2) was incorrectly stated in the original manuscript. This has been rectified. The authors are grateful to the referees for pointing out their error.18. As suggested by both referees, a discussion of the possibility of laser action on chromosome has been included (page16, paragraph 2).19. We included a new set of photographs with better definition than those originally submitted and to which a scale has been added.20. Following the suggestion of the referees, we have redraw Figure 3 and 4.21. Two further papers, published since our original submission, have been added to the text and Reference section. These are:22. We should like to thank the referees for their helpful comments and hope that we have now produced a more balance and better account of our work. We trust that the revised manuscript is acceptable for publication.23. I greatly appreciate both your help and that of the referees concerning improvement to this paper. I hope that the revised manuscript is now suitable for publication.24. I should like to express my appreciation to you and the referees for suggesting how to improve our paper.25. I apologize for the delay in revising the manuscript. This was due to our doing an additional experiment, as suggested by referees.。
常用的英文期刊SCI句子摘抄
常用的英文期刊SCI句子摘抄英语学术论文常用经典句型 (1)Beginning1. In this paper, we focus on the need for2. This paper proceeds as follow.3. The structure of the paper is as follows.4. In this paper, we shall first briefly introduce fuzzy sets and related concepts5. To begin with we will provide a brief background on theIntroduction1. This will be followed by a description of the fuzzy nature of the problem and a detailed presentation of how the required membership functions are defined.2. Details on xx and xx are discussed in later sections.3. In the next section, after a statement of the basic problem, various situations involving possibility knowledge are investigated: first, an entirely possibility model is proposed; then the cases of a fuzzy service time with stochastic arrivals and non fuzzy service rule is studied; lastly, fuzzy service rule are considered.Review1. This review is followed by an introduction.2. A brief summary of some of the relevant concepts in xxx and xxx is presented in Section 2.3. In the next section, a brief review of the .... is given.4. In the next section, a short review of ... is given with specialregard to ...5. Section 2 reviews relevant research related to xx.6. Section 1.1 briefly surveys the motivation for a methodology of action, while 1.2 looks at the difficulties posed by the complexity of systems and outlines the need for development of possibility methods.Body1. Section 1 defines the notion of robustness, and argues for its importance.2. Section 1 devoted to the basic aspects of the FLC decision making logic.3. Section 2 gives the background of the problem which includes xxx4. Section 2 discusses some problems with and approaches to, natural language understanding.5. Section 2 explains how flexibility which often ... can be expressed in terms of fuzzy time window6. Section 3 discusses the aspects of fuzzy set theory that are used in the ...7. Section 3 describes the system itself in a general way, including the ….. and also discusses how to evaluate system performance.8. Section 3 describes a new measure of xx.9. Section 3 demonstrates the use of fuzzy possibility theory in the analysis of xx.10. Section 3 is a fine description of fuzzy formulation of human decision.11. Section 3, is developed to the modeling and processing of fuzzy decision rules12. The main idea of the FLC is described in Section 3 whileSection 4 describes the xx strategies.13. Section 3 and 4 show experimental studies for verifying the proposed model.14. Section 4 discusses a previous fuzzy set based approach to cost variance investigation.15. Section 4 gives a specific example of xxx.16. Section 4 is the experimental study to make a fuzzy model of memory process.17. Section 4 contains a discussion of the implication of the results of Section 2 and 3.18. Section 4 applies this fuzzy measure to the analysis of xx and illustrate its use on experimental data.19. Section 5 presents the primary results of the paper: a fuzzy set model ..20. Section 5 contains some conclusions plus some ideas for further work.21. Section 6 illustrates the model with an example.22. Various ways of justification and the reasons for their choice are discussed very briefly in Section 2.24. In Section 2 we shall list a collection of basic assumptions which a ... scheme must satisfy.25. In Section 2 of this paper, we present representation and uniqueness theorems for the fundamental measurement of fuzziness when the domain of discourse is order dense.26. In Section 3, we describe the preliminary results of an empirical studycurrently in progress to verify the measurement model and to construct membership functions.27. In Section 5 is analyzed the inference process through thetwo kinds of inference experiments...This Section1. In this section, the characteristics and environment under which MRP is designed are described.2. We will provide in this section basic terminologies and notations which are necessary for the understanding of subsequent results.Next Section2. The next section describes the mathematics that goes into the computer implementation of such fuzzy logic statements.3. However, it is cumbersome for this purpose and in practical applications the formulae were rearranged and simplified as discussed in the next section.4. The three components will be described in the next two section, and an example of xx analysis of a computer information system will then illustrate their use.5. We can interpret the results of Experiments I and II as in the following sections.6. The next section summarizes the method in a from that is useful for arguments based on xxSummary1. This paper concludes with a discussion of future research consideration in section 5.2. Section 5 summarizes the results of this investigation.3. Section 5 gives the conclusions and future directions of research.4. Section 7 provides a summary and a discussion of someextensions of the paper.5. Finally, conclusions and future work are summarized6. The basic questions posed above are then discussed and conclusions are drawn.7. Section 7 is the conclusion of the paper.Chapter 0. Abstract1. A basic problem in the design of xx is presented by the choice of a xx rate for the measurement of experimental variables.2. This paper examines a new measure of xx in xx based on fuzzy mathematics which overcomes the difficulties found in other xx measures.3. This paper describes a system for the analysis of the xx.4. The method involves the construction of xx from fuzzy relations.5. The procedure is useful in analyzing how groups reach a decision.6. The technique used is to employ a newly developed and versatile xx algorithm.7. The usefulness of xx is also considered.8. A brief methodology used in xx is discussed.9. The analysis is useful in xx and xx problem.10. A model is developed for a xx analysis using fuzzy matrices.11. Algorithms to combine these estimates and produce a xx are presented and justified.12. The use of the method is discussed and an example is given.13. Results of an experimental applications of this xx analysis procedure are given to illustrate the proposed technique.14. This paper analyses problems in15. This paper outlines the functions carried out by ...16. This paper includes an illustration of the ...17. This paper provides an overview and information useful for approaching18. Emphasis is placed on the construction of a criterion function by which the xx in achieving a hierarchical system of objectives are evaluated.19. The main emphasis is placed on the problem of xx20. Our proposed model is verified through experimental study.21. The experimental results reveal interesting examples of fuzzy phases of: xx, xx22. The compatibility of a project in terms of cost, and xx are likewise represented by linguistic variables.23. A didactic example is included to illustrate the computational procedureChapter 1. IntroductionTime1. Over the course of the past 30 years, .. has emerged form intuitive2. Technological revolutions have recently hit the industrial world3. The advent of ... systems for has had a significant impact on the4. The development of ... is explored5. During the past decade, the theory of fuzzy sets has developed in a variety of directions6.The concept of xx was investigated quite intensively in recent years7. There has been a turning point in ... methodology in accordance with the advent of ...8. A major concern in ... today is to continue to improve...9. A xx is a latecomer in the part representation arena.10. At the time of this writing, there is still no standard way of xx11. Although a lot of effort is being spent on improving these weaknesses, the efficient and effective method has yet to be developed.12. The pioneer work can be traced to xx [1965].13. To date, none of the methods developed is perfect and all are far from ready to be used in commercial systems.英语学术论文常用经典句型(2)Objective / Goal / Purpose1. The purpose of the inference engine can be outlined as follows:2. The ultimate goal of the xx system is to allow the non experts to utilize the existing knowledge in the area of manual handling of loads, and to provide intelligent, computer aided instruction for xxx.3. The paper concerns the development of a xx4. The scope of this research lies in5. The main theme of the paper is the application of rule based decision making.6. These objectives are to be met with such thoroughnessand confidence as to permit ...7. The objectives of the ... operations study are as follows:8. The primary purpose/consideration/objective of9. The ultimate goal of this concept is to provide10. The main objective of such a ... system is to11. The aim of this paper is to provide methods to construct such probability distribution.12. In order to achieve these objectives, an xx must meet the following requirements:13. In order to take advantage of their similarity14. more research is still required before final goal of ... can be completed15. In this trial, the objective is to generate...16. for the sake of concentrating on ... research issues17. A major goal of this report is to extend the utilization of a recently developed procedure for the xx.18. For an illustrative purpose, four well known OR problems are studied in presence of fuzzy data: xx.19. A major thrust of the paper is to discuss approaches and strategies for structuring ..methods20. This illustration points out the need to specify21. The ultimate goal is both descriptive and prescriptive.22. Chapter 2. Literature Review23. A wealth of information is to be found in the statistics literature, for example, regarding xx24. A considerable amount of research has been done .. during the last decade25. A great number of studies report on the treatment of uncertainties associated with xx.26. There is considerable amount of literature on planning27. However, these studies do not provide much attention to uncertainty in xx.28. Since then, the subject has been extensively explored and it is still under investigation as well in methodological aspects as in concrete applications.29. Many research studies have been carried out on this topic.30. Problem of xx draws recently more and more attention of system analysis.31. Attempts to resolve this dilemma have resulted in the development of32. Many complex processes unfortunately, do not yield to this design procedure and have, therefore, not yet been automated.33. Most of the methods developed so far are deterministic and /or probabilistic in nature.34. The central issue in all these studies is to35. The problem of xx has been studied by other investigators, however, these studies have been based upon classical statistical approaches.36. Applied ... techniques to37. Characterized the ... system as38. Developed an algorithm to39. Developed a system called ... which40. Uses an iterative algorithm to deduce41. Emphasized the need to42. Identifies six key issues surrounding high technology43. A comprehensive study of the... has been undertaken44. Much work has been reported recently in these filed45. Proposed/Presented/Statethat/Described/Illustrated/Indicated/Has shown / showed/Address/Highlights46. Point out that the problem of47. A study on ...was done / developed by []48. Previous work, such as [] and [], deal only with49. The approach taken by [] is50. The system developed by [] consists51. A paper relevant to this research was published by []52. []'s model requires consideration of...53. []' model draws attention to evolution in human development54. []'s model focuses on...55. Little research has been conducted in applying ... to56. The published information that is relevant to this research...57. This study further shows that58. Their work is based on the principle of59. More history of ... can be found in xx et al. [1979].60. Studies have been completed to established61. The ...studies indicated that62. Though application of xx in the filed of xx has proliferated in recent years, effort in analyzing xx, especially xx, is lacking.Problem / Issue / Question63. Unfortunately, real-world engineering problems such as manufacturing planning do not fit well with this narrowly defined model. They tend to span broad activities and require consideration of multiple aspects.64. Remedy / solve / alleviate these problems67. ... is a difficult problem, yet to be adequately resolved68. Two major problems have yet to be addressed69. An unanswered question70. This problem in essence involves using x to obtain a solution.71. An additional research issue to be tackled is ....72. Some important issues in developing a ... system are discussed73. The three prime issues can be summarized:74. The situation leads to the problem of how to determine the ...75. There have been many attempts to76. It is expected to be serious barrier to77. It offers a simple solution in a limited domain for a complex1. problem.1. There are several ways to get around this problem.2. As difficult as it seems to be, xx is by no means new.3. The problem is to recognize xx from a design representation.4. A xx problem can trace its roots to xx.5. xx [1987] used a heuristic approach to simplify the complexity of the problem.6. Several problems are associated with them.7. Although some progress has been made in this area, at least two major obstacles must be overcome before a fully automated system can be realized.8. Most problems in practice are complicated9. More problem surface here.10. Hamper effort toward a xx system11. In order to overcome the limitations due to incomplete and imprecise xx knowledge, a xx program has been developed, which bases its knowledge upon the statistical analysis of a sample population of xx12. The above difficulties are real challenges faced by researchers attempting to develop13. This type of mapping raises no controversy to the issue of membership function determination.14. However, attempts to quantify the xx have met both theoretical and empirical problems.15. It has become apparent that in order to apply this new methodological framework to real world problems and data, we have to pay attention to the problems of xx and xx.Chapter 3. Proposed methodologyAssumption1. In the case when the assumption of a xx seems to be too restrictive or inadequate, the formulation with Fuzzy termination time, i.e. given by a fuzzy set in the space of control stages, may be applied.2. We assume here the fuzzy constraints to be state dependent, and the fuzzy goal to be the same for all the control states, xx, which stems from the problem's nature.3. An approach to the solution of this problem is presented under the assumption that the sampling rate Decision can be made prior to the execution of the experiment, as opposed to being made while the experiment is in progress.4. Another assumption made above is that there are precise odds at which the expert is indifferent.5. Main simplifying assumptions are:6. This, in our view, is a questionable assumption.Outline / Structure / Module1. An outline of the research2. Information is incorporated within the scheme3. Is built into ... structure4. A nice modular structure.5. The principles of ... are applied as modularized criteriaClassification1. A xx system comprises three main components:2. Must decompose the original .. into a set of ..3. Consists of the following steps:4. This is summarized in the following steps:5. Can be broadly classified into the following areas:l Can be characterized by its function of effectively processing thel Can allow further breadth of application of ...into morel The following steps should be followedl xx can be classified by a different ways.l Based on the xx, one may classify xx into the following:l This catalog may change due to wear, breakage, and purchasing.Systeml Unlike many conventional program, expert systems do not usually deal with problem for which there is clearly a right or wrong answer.l The system consists of both ... and ...l The system has a hierarchical modular architecture organized on three levels.l expert system domains are area of expertisel To develop a xx system for xx, the following factors must be considered:l The system has been developed / designed to determine l The system has proven to be able tol The domain in which an expert system operates is a particular domainl The system comprises a ... withl The system is [feature-oriented ] / based on the ... techniquel The system environment must be relatively stablel The system is utilized to generate, load, store, update and retrieve ...l The development of a xx system has two stages: xx stage and xx stage.l The most essential part of .. system is the ...l The successful developments in ESs have made them an important tool in the development ofl An automated system was developed for英语学术论文常用经典句型 (3)l In this case, the system can be considered to be generative.l An interactive automatic ... systeml A .. is commonly thought of as a truly integrated .. system l Should be capable of being generated from a ... systeml xx is an important part of the integrated system.l The model consists of four rule bases, each of which addresses a separate problem in the hierarchy of schedulingdecision.l The rule bases are linked to each other in a chin like manner in the sense that the consequent of one rule base constitutes a part of the antecedent of the next rule base.l The rule base consists of all possible combinations of the linguistic terms associated with the linguistic variable of the antecedent of a rule.Computer Systeml The system has been implemented using Prolog language in an MS DOS environment. Prolog was chosen because it offers a well known and flexible environment in which fuzzy reasoning may be easily implemented.l The current version of the xx program when compiled with WATFOR77 results in an executable code of about 270K bytes. Typical run time, when run on aXX computer (an IBM compatible machine) operating at 4.77 Mhz with 640K RAM, ranges from 10 min to 2h, depending on the size (or complexity) of the problem.l Time consuming procedures have been implemented in C language and directly linked to the Prolog environment.l The xx process, once the xx's data has been entered, requires approximately 180 seconds.l It should be noted that the computation was done with a 20 Hhz, 80386209;based microcomputer equipped with a 80387 math co processor.l The computer programs used for the analyses, one based on the xx method and the other based on the new method, werewritten in FORTRAN with a compiler that supports the math co processor.l Lisp, Prolog give maximum flexibility but also maximizes development time.l Internal representation is the way a model is represented in the computer.l An interactive menu-driven procedure is used in this study l Shell can be develop very fast at the cost of time fairly severe limitations.l While there is no measurable saving of time for the case involving five criteria, the saving is dramatic for the case involving 10 criteria -- the computation time reduces from 10 hr 40 min to about 1 min.l This combination is being implemented in an objected oriented programming environment (Smalltalk 80 system) to solve problems encountered in construction xxx.Method / Approach / Study / Process Model / Equation /Algorithm / Rule / Formula / Techniquel A discussion is presented of a problem-solving systeml To improve the efficiency of the method, the following approach may be applied.l In order to an investigation was made to find the causes of thel Although large collections of rules and equations have been complied, none are generally acceptedl This approach will be explained and discussed thoroughly in the body of the report.l This can be accomplished byl This algorithm to compute the total cost can be describedstep by step as follows:l The above preliminary analysis has provided important informationl Various methods have been proposed for selecting an optimum...l These concepts have been applied tol On the basis of the concept mentioned above,l This can be achieved byl This fact suggests that a new conceptl This was accomplished by taking ...l The preparatory stage is very time consuming process.l Test are performed for validity, completeness, and compatibilityl There is little hope of achieving successful ...l There has been an increasing awareness of the potential of using most ..so far made have not taken this approach, with the exception ofl Only a few studies can be found.l It is a very tedious process to go throughl It is only when .. has been completed that .. may be effectedl The entire interpretation process is conducted in one's head.l These approaches are sometimes very tedious.l Several techniques can be usedl A polynomial parametric model can be written as [the following]/[follows]:l A xx model is constructed/formulated using xx.l A xx model represents an xx by its xx.l A process decision model captures the logic essential tol From the equation above, xx is equal to the summation of xx times the ...l The validity of a xx model can be checked using Euler's formula.l Given a model, one can mathematically determine whether ... or ...l Equations for xx need to be derived and implemented in the system.l A number of heuristic rules have been developed forl Optimum .. techniques can be made more reliable by ... so thatl An algorithm based on the characteristic ... is used to determinel Euler's formula states the following:l The completed model should agree with the formula.l For manufacturing purposes, a detailed and precise model of the object is necessaryl Engineering design models are very well defined; therefore,To keep the domain narrow enough to be implementable, yet wide enough to be useful.Point of Viewl from an implementation standpoint,l From the point of view of this application,l From this point of view, Zadeh suggested an inference rule named xxx (CRI for short).l Information is the meaningful interpretation and correlation of some aggregation of data in order to allow one to make decisions.l From a practical point of view, the computational aspects of an FLC require a simplification of the fuzzy control algorithm.l The use of a hammer to insert screws, although partly effective, tends to distort, destroy, and generally defeat the purpose of using a screw [Kusiak AI Implications for CIM p.129]Justificationl We choose the so called xx in our experiment because it has received wide acceptance and canl Prolog was chosen because it offers a well known and flexible environment in which fuzzy reasoning may be easily implemented.l The rationale behind this is that it can be much easier for an estimator to rate a cost as high than to attempt to place a dollar value on the estimate.l This strategy has been widely used in fuzzy control applications since it is natural and easy to implement.l A function definition expresses the membership function of a fuzzy set in a functional form, typically a bell shaped function, etc. Such functions are used in FLC because they lead themselves to manipulation through the use of fuzzy arithmetic.l It should be noted that in our daily life most of the information on which our decisions are based is linguistic rather than numerical in nature. Seen in this perspective, fuzzy control rules provide a natural framework for the characterization of human behavior and decisions analysis.l Many experts have found that fuzzy control rules provide a convenient way to express their domain knowledge. This explains why most FLCs are based on the knowledge andexperience which are expressed in the language of fuzzy "if the" rule.Chapter 4. ExamplesExample/ Datal The data used in the following example was taken from an experiment in which xx was measured between x and x using a xx technique.l The data consists of over xx measurements.l An example of xx is discussed and the control rules of xx are compared with a xxl Examples of complex processes to which this technique may be applied are xx, xx, etc.l The following example is constructed only for the purpose of illustrating the computational procedure discussed.l This example clearly demonstrates that the profile of an individual xx, or a very small group of xx, with no enough data to be studied statistically, can be meaningfully analyzed by fuzzy possibilistic methods.l There is no space here to go into detail on all these methods, but deserve a mention and the bibliography will point to detailed references for those wishing this level of detail.l Note that the golf ball spotting example is used throughout the paper.Comparisonsl As well, the pros and cons of these representations from a process planning point of view will be discussed.l The method of using xx to implement xx described byZadeh (1973) appeared more suitablel As discussed [in the previous section]/[preciously],英语学术论文常用经典句型 (4)as shown in Table 1 and 2l This concept is illustrated in Figure 2l At the top of Table xx are shown two blocks of data.l Each table or matrix has constructs xx through xx as row headings,xx through xx as column headings.l A table of .. is developed and significant recommendations are made.CONJUGATIONTo Indicate Additionl additionally, again, also, and then, as can be easily understood, besides, equally important, especially, finally, for the same reason, first, further, furthermore, in addition, last, likewise, moreover, next, second, third, too, evidently, obviously, roughly speaking, broadly speakingTo Indicate Cause and Effectl accordingly, as a result, consequently, for this reason, hence, in short, otherwise, then, therefore, thus, trulyTo indicate Comparisonl in a like manner, likewise, similarly , alternativelyTo Indicate Concessionl after all, although this may be true, at the same time, even though, even so , I admit, naturally, of courseTo Indicate Contrastl and yet, at the same time, but, for all that, however, yet, in fact, in contrast, in the real life, in spite of, nevertheless, notwithstanding, normally, on the contrary, on the other hand, still, traditionally, rather, unfortunately,To Indicate Time Relationships:after a short time, afterwards, as indicated earlier, as long as, as soon as, at last, at length, at the moment, at that time, at the same time, before, earlier, currently, immediately, in the meantime, in recent years, lately, later, meanwhile, often, of late, presently, recently, soon, shortly, since, thereupon, temporarily, therefore, until, when, whileTo Indicate Special Features or Examples:for example, for instance, incidentally, indeed, in fact, in other words, in particular, in practice, specifically, that is, to illustrate, in this respect, theoretically, as mentioned before / aboveTo Indicate Summary:in brief, in conclusion, in short, in summary, on the whole, to conclude, in general, to summarize, to sum up, as a result, ultimately,VERB PHASEl build a .. model。
英语报刊常用术语
英语报刊常用术语第一篇:英语报刊常用术语英语报刊常用术语λ accredited journalist n.特派记者advertisement n.广告.advance n.预发消息;预写消息 affair(s)n.桃色新闻;绯闻anecdote n.趣闻轶事assignment n.采写任务attribution n.消息出处,消息来源 back alley news n.小道消息back grounding n.新闻背景Bad news travels quickly.坏事传千里。
banner n.通栏标题beat n.采写范围blank vt.“开天窗”body n.新闻正文boil vt.压缩(篇幅)box n.花边新闻brief n.简讯λ bulletin n.新闻简报byline n.署名文章λ caption n.图片说明caricature n.漫画carry vt.刊登cartoon n.漫画censor vt.审查(新闻稿件),新闻审查chart n.每周流行音乐排行版clipping n.剪报λ column n.专栏;栏目columnist n.专栏作家continued story 连载故事;连载小说 contributing editor 特约编辑contribution n.(投给报刊的)稿件;投稿 contributor n.投稿人copy desk n.新闻编辑部copy editor n.文字编辑correction n.更正(启事)λ correspondence column读者来信专栏correspondent n.驻外记者;常驻外埠记者λ cover vt.采访;采写covergirl n.封面女郎covert coverage 隐性采访;秘密采访 crop vt.剪辑(图片)crusade n.宣传攻势cut n.插图 vt.删减(字数)cutline n.插图说明daily n.日报dateline n.新闻电头deadline n.截稿时间dig vt.深入采访;追踪(新闻线索);“挖”(λ exclusive n.独家新闻expose n.揭丑新闻;新闻曝光extra n.号λ eye-account n.目击记;记者见闻faxed photo 传真照片feature n.特写;专稿feedback n.信息反馈file n.发送消息;发稿filler n.补白First Amendment(美国宪法)第一修正案(内容有关新闻、出版自由等)five “W‘s” of news 新闻五要素flag n.报头;报名folo(=follow-up)n.连续报道Fourth Estate 第四等级(新闻界的别称) freedom of the Press 新闻自由free-lancer n.自由撰稿人full position 醒目位置Good news comes on crutches.好事不出门。
外刊英语高级表达
外刊英语高级表达外刊英语高级表达是指在阅读英文原版书籍、报纸、杂志等时,遇到的一些较为复杂、地道的英语表达。
这些表达通常具有较高的难度,但对于提高英语水平和扩大词汇量非常有帮助。
以下是一些常见的外刊英语高级表达:1. In light of:鉴于,考虑到例句:In light of the current situation, we have decided to postpone the meeting.2. At the forefront of:处于……的最前沿例句:The company is at the forefront of innovation in the technology industry.3. On the verge of:濒临于,接近于例句:The country is on the verge of economic collapse.4. In essence:本质上,实质上例句:In essence, what he said was that we need to work harder.5. In retrospect:回顾往事,回想起来例句:In retrospect, I realize that I should have listened to your advice.6. In the long run:从长远来看,终究例句:It may be expensive now, but it will save money in the long run.7. In the nick of time:在关键时刻,刚好及时例句:He arrived just in the nick of time to save her from drowning.8. In a nutshell:简而言之,概括地说例句:In a nutshell, our goal is to increase sales by 20% this year.9. On the brink of:濒临于,处于边缘例句:The company is on the brink of bankruptcy.10. In the wake of:随着……而来,作为……的结果例句:In the wake of the hurricane, many people lost their homes.11. In the midst of:在……之中,正当……的时候例句:She found herself in the midst of a heated argument.12. In the absence of:在缺乏……的情况下,没有……的时候例句:In the absence of any evidence, we cannot make a conclusion.13. In the face of:面对,尽管有……的困难例句:In the face of adversity, she remained strong and determined.14. In the name of:以……的名义,为了……的利益例句:They protested in the name of human rights.15. In the interest of:为了……的利益,为了……的好处例句:We must act in the interest of all stakeholders.。
英文报纸好句摘抄大全
以下是一些英文报纸好句摘抄:1."The only way to do great work is to love what you do." - Steve Jobs (from a newspaper interview)2."A person who never made a mistake never tried anything new." - Albert Einstein (quoted in a newspaper article)3."The greatest glory in living lies not in never falling, but in rising every time we fall." - Nelson Mandela (from a newspaper editorial)4."Happiness is not something ready made. It comes from your own actions." - Dalai Lama (quoted in a newspaper feature)5."Success is not final, failure is not fatal: It is the courage to continue that counts." - Winston Churchill (from a newspaper column)6."The best way to predict the future is to invent it." - Alan Kay (quoted in a newspaper technology section)7."In the middle of difficulty lies opportunity." - Albert Einstein (from a newspaper opinion piece)8."The only real mistake is the one from which we learn nothing." - Henry Ford (quoted in a newspaper business section) 9."A creative man is motivated by the desire to achieve, not by the desire to beat others." - Ayn Rand (from a newspaper interview)10."Life is what happens to us while we are making other plans." - Allen Saunders (quoted in a newspaper lifestyle article)这些句子来自不同的报纸和文章,涵盖了各种主题和风格,希望对你有所帮助!。
英文杂志中的好词好句摘抄
英文杂志中的好词好句摘抄优美的词汇ethereal: 如梦如幻的,轻盈飘渺的ephemeral: 短暂的,稍纵即逝的enigmatic: 神秘莫测的,令人费解的effervescent: 起泡的,充满活力的luminescent: 发光的,闪闪发光的serendipitous: 意外的发现或好运sublime: 崇高的,令人敬畏的transcendent: 超越的,超越凡俗的voluptuous: 曲线优美、丰盈的seraphic: 天使般的,纯洁无瑕的ethereal: 如梦如幻的,轻盈飘渺的优美的句子Time is a relentless thief, stealing away our youthand leaving us with nothing but memories.(时间是一个无情的窃贼,偷走了我们的青春,只留下回忆。
)The stars, like diamonds scattered across a velvet sky, twinkled with celestial brilliance.(星星像散落在天鹅绒般的夜空中的钻石,闪烁着天体般的光芒。
)Her eyes held a haunting allure, as if they contained the secrets of a thousand forgotten worlds.(她的双眸有着一种令人难以忘怀的魅力,仿佛蕴藏着千百个被遗忘世界的秘密。
)The ocean's waves crashed against the shore with an eternal rhythm, a symphony of nature's elemental forces.(海浪拍打着海岸,发出永恒的节奏,这是大自然原始力量的交响曲。
)The wind whispered through the trees, carrying with it the scent of pine needles and the promise of adventure.(微风穿过树林,带来了松针的香气和冒险的承诺。
英文sci邮件常用语
英文sci邮件常用语英文SCI 邮件常用语Introduction:In the fast-paced academic world, communication through emails plays a crucial role in exchanging ideas, sharing research findings, and collaborating on scientific projects. To ensure effective communication, it is important to be familiar with some commonly used phrases and expressions in English. This article aims to provide a comprehensive list of frequently used English phrases for writing SCI (Science Citation Index) emails.1. Greeting- Dear Professor [Last Name],- Dear Dr. [Last Name],- Dear [First Name],2. Requesting Information- I am writing to inquire about...- Could you please provide me with more details on...- I would appreciate it if you could clarify...3. Requesting Collaboration or Cooperation- I am interested in collaborating with your research group on...- It would be an honor to work with you on...4. Introducing Yourself and Your Research- Allow me to introduce myself. My name is [Your Name] and I am a [position] at [institution].- I am currently conducting research on [topic] and I have come across your work on [related topic].- I recently read your paper titled [paper title] published in [journal name] and found it extremely insightful.5. Expressing Interest in Someone's Work- I am fascinated by your recent publication on [research topic].- Your research findings have significantly contributed to the field of [field name].- I was highly impressed by the innovative approach you took in your study.6. Expressing Gratitude- Thank you for taking the time to provide me with the requested information.- I am grateful for your prompt response.- I sincerely appreciate your valuable input.7. Proposing a Meeting or Conference Call- I would like to arrange a meeting at your convenience to discuss...- If you are available, I would appreciate a brief phone call to discuss potential collaboration.8. Providing Updates on Progress- I wanted to inform you that my research project is progressing well.- I am pleased to share that my findings align with the objectives outlined in our previous discussions.9. Seeking Feedback or Advice- I would greatly appreciate your expert opinion on...- If possible, could you kindly offer some advice on...10. Closing Remarks- I look forward to hearing from you soon.- Thank you for considering my request.- Best regards,- Sincerely,11. Attachments and Additional Information- Please find attached [document name].- For further details, please refer to the attached [file name].- Should you require any additional information, please do not hesitate to contact me.Conclusion:Mastering the appropriate usage of English phrases and expressions in SCI emails is essential for effective communication in the academic world. By adopting these commonly used phrases, researchers can convey their messages clearly and professionally, leading to successful collaborations, knowledge sharing, and research advancements.。
英语报刊佳句赏析
1. A group of pragmatists are reorienting Iranian politics as therevolution fades into history.革命正在成为历史,一批实用主义者正在为伊朗重新确定政策方向。
注:reorient的意思是“为……重新规定方向“;fade into history直译是”淡入历史“。
2. Legally, most experts agree, the case has some holes.多数专家认为,从法律的角度来讲,这个案子有漏洞。
3. The newspaper story was quickly overrun by the White House spin machine[ public relations team].报纸上的这条新闻很快就被白宫“说谎机器“(即白宫宣传机构)的编造淹没了。
注:spin的原意是纺织,在美国俚语中引申为“编造谎言“;public relations的意思是”公关“,但是在资本主义国家,公司、政府等公关机构等于我国的”宣传部“,这同我国一般群众理解的”公关“不尽相同,为了照顾中国人对”公关“的理解,此处将public relations 译为”宣传“。
4. He blamed leaks for breakdown1 in the negotiations2.他把谈判失败归罪于泄密。
注:blame…for…,把……归罪于。
5. The negotiators struggled to finalize3 a deal.谈判参加者努力做成一笔交易。
6. Arabs and Jews alike are increasingly at risk in a climate of steadilyrising tensions.在紧张局势不断加剧这样一种(政治)气候中,无论是阿拉伯人还是犹太人都在冒越来越大的风险。
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1.So far he has had mixed success.2.The American government is notoriously stingy with its foreign aid.3.America still falls near the bottom of the rich-nation pack in generosity tothose abroad.4.And with the deaths concentrated in the working-age population, each new case adds to a widening circle of economic hardship. 5.“Unemployment”, Mr de Villepin declared, is “the true French disease”. 6.He is pinned into an uncomfortably tight corner7.On domestic front, things picked up a bit.8.To win, one needs a winner's mindset.9. Science was the favourite child in the hands of the government.10.John Sweeney--gave a very downbeat assessment of the forum's dedication to a real adjustment of policy.11. Like the other online giants, Google, Yahoo! and Amazon, eBay is the survivor of a brutal shake-out.12. Sport may be an unfailing cause of ill-will.13. Mr Abe seems keen on a more assertive role for Japan internationally. 14.Allegations of vote-buying in the Brazilian Congress are no novelty15.There's plenty of scope for argument about the economics of nuclear power generation16. But the economic case is not as clear-cut as it seems.17.There has always been a rift in the Republican coalition.18.That suggests there are reservoirs of support.19. They have managed to leave all the other rivals in dust.20. Oil exports are now nearly on a par with those of Saudi Arabia.21.European integration has reached a stable plateau.22.Many people protest that house prices are less vulnerable to a meltdown.23. But when the technology bubble burst in 2001, thousands of firms were swept away.24.Various scenarios are envisioned by Grant.25. America will funnel more money towards Africa.26. The intense international scrutiny may have moderated the response.27. Personal and economic freedoms in this country have multiplied.28. Access to more customers allows exporters to exploit economies of scale.29. Some developing countries—in Latin America, especially Brazil, and in Africa too—are furious that a deal slipped away.30. Ministers picked a poor time to fail.31. Nothing is agreed until everything is agreed.32. Support for both main parties continues to ebb.33. Chinese central government made a wise decision to scrap the ancient agricultural tax.34. These results seem to have silenced predictions.35.We need to market Europe as an answer to globalization.36. These countries have agreed on a firm line on Iran and sent Tehran a focused, concerted, unified message.37. The U.S. and German leaders are still nursing a relationship bruised by the Iraq war.38.Opinion on Iraq reflects, as well as contributes to, the malaise.39.The decline in support could be explained away as part of a wider outbreak of second-term blues.40. He is a pragmatic conservative who has relaunched himself as a cautious reformist.41.The impression of incompetence will linger.42.So far no dazzling synergies have emerged.43. The most pressing problem is the dismal state of Germany’s public finances. 44.His postal-reform bill squeezed through the lower house of parliament 45.In a banking system that is plagued by bad loans, fears persist.46. Psychological scars take longer to heal than physical ones.47. Earlier scandals had already begun to tarnish the Party’s holier-than-thou image.48. The president will now have to move quickly to form alliances and to apply balm to the wounds he has opened. If not, he will have only himself to blame.49. If they negotiated as a block, they could drive a harder bargain.50. For Kyoto Protocol, it’s hard to solve the difficulty of getting America on board.51. Underpinning this festival of commerce is the symbiotic relationship between sport and the media.52. New features and new strategies are being embraced as these firms fighteach other, and a horde of others, for the e-commerce pie.53.What people today want is a Europe that delivers useful benefits: jobs, a clean environment, a foreign policy success on Iran54.You can't rouse people's passions for something that is 50 years old.55.Many people in Western Europe still feel that the union's recent eastward expansion has invited the unwanted consequences of globalization onto the continent.56.In that sense Europe is pioneering a new world order: a multi-network Europe within a common institutional framework."57.Even more embarrassingly, the gluttonous United States has outperformed its oil-sipping peers.58. High oil prices have had little noticeable impact on world demand—even for oil itself—leaving analysts scrambling for an explanation.59. Foreigners’ frustration at not being able to grab a bigger slice of the industry is understandable.60.Not only has this provided a healthy stream of income for Russia’s government, which takes a big chunk of oil revenues in taxes, but it has made its oil a vital foreign-policy tool.61.The global housing boom is the biggest financial bubble in history article. The bigger the boom, the bigger the eventual bust.62.Europe, in particular, is struggling with its cosseted and deeply entrenched farm lobby. Disputes over the CAP(common agriculture policy)are still acrimonious63.T he Bush administration is still trying to cobble together a deal palatable to both its own producers and those in Brazil.64.In Europe, attitudes on Turkey's bid for European Union membership were shaped strongly by attitudes on immigration.65. From its findings in the Western world, the new report sketched more sharply some of the fault lines in nations where Muslims and others coexist. 66.It offers an unusually broad look at Muslim attitudes, and at Western attitudes on a range of Muslim issues.67. Amid the mounting safety and security concerns, Western sponsors are trying to accelerate the disposal of the Ukraine's arms burden.68. That makes it harder to cure Brazil's Stockholm syndrome, a love for a state that holds the economy hostage.69. Mr Berlusconi’s oddly precise promise to round up jobless foreigners was no accident. One of the few legal grounds for expelling foreigners from another EU nation is to show they have no means of support.70. Globalisation started long before enlargement, but enlargement has crystallised public fears about it, often setting one corner of Europe against another.71. This complex history is what lured Mr Baker. His goal, he says, is to nurture understanding and, one day, healing.72.Having portrayed itself for so long as owning a monopoly on virtue in political life, the fall from grace of Brazil’s governing, left-wing Workers’ Party (PT) has been spectacular.73. A large number of educated, intelligent and underemployed people in their 30s and 40s with little prospect of moving up the career ladder provided a perfect milieu for brewing liberal ideas.74.Mr Mack will probably be able to quell the turmoil that has engulfed the bank, but that will still leave him facing some daunting strategi c challenges.75.Mr Purcell’s tenure was plagued by disappointing performance, a lingering rift between the Morgan Stanley and Dean Witter.76.But as the controversy fed on itself, institutional investors got on theanti-Purcell bandwagon.77.The insurgency was in its “last throes”. The administration's pattern of overselling achievements—remember “Mission accomplished”?—has probably made public opinion more nervous and volatile than it would otherwise be.78.The current structure of agricultural protections not only hurts poor African farmers, but also, by levying disproportionate tariffs on many processed goods such as ground coffee, helps keep poor countries selling low on the value chain. This leaves their already-weak economies extremely vulnerable to swings in raw commodity prices.79. Businesspeople and academics mused on how to deal with new risks--you can't hedge against bioterrorism in the futures markets. Economists debated which letter would best describe the US economy--a V (sharp fall followed by a quick recovery), a U with a saggy right tail (long stagnation, weak recovery) or, most appropriate, a W (false recovery followed by a fresh downdraft). The consensus leaned away from the V toward the saggy U, with the W not to be ruled out.80.Given the seismic shock waves from French and Dutch voters' rejection of the proposed European constitution, the tightening of the European Union's economic andpolitical ties is unlikely to proceed as quickly as in the past, but is equally unlikely to be reversed.81. We hold that one who distributes a device with the object of promoting its use to infringe copyright, as shown by the clear expression or other affirmative steps taken to foster infringement, is liable for the resulting acts of infringement by third parties.82.J ust as the upswing in house prices has been a global phenomenon, so any downturn is likely to be synchronised, and thus the effects of it will be shared widely. The housing boom was fun while it lasted, but the biggest increase in wealth in history was largely an illusion.83.Stories of prisoner abuse would really make a difference, though, if they significantly dented Americans' image of themselves as the good guys abroad. So far, they have not done that. By a wide margin, people believe the reports are isolated incidents.84.Mr Bush has staked his presidency on success in Iraq. It would take a huge backlash to force him to accept anything that smacks of failure or defeat, and the decline in public support is nowhere near strong enough to make him contemplate such a course.85.A few, it seems safe to predict, will become the giant-killers of tomorrow. For managers of any business, the lessons of eBay are both exhilarating and daunting: the prizes offered by the internet are dazzling by any measure, but only those who can satisfy the demanding and changing tastes of consumers, the internet's true sovereigns, will survive to enjoy them.86.This was the culmination of a months-long battle between Mr Purcell and a coterie of former Morgan Stanley bankers, k nown as the “group of eight”, who waged a fierce public battle to unseat him after he engineered a management shake-up that resulted in the departure of a number of senior executives.87. That is why Mr Koizumi had to compromise on the timetable and will not get to see full privatisation until 2017—a long way off, even in a country where moving reform up to a snail’s pace would count as reckless acceleration.88.Works council denied newspaper reports that VW managers had bought off s enior union leaders, for instance with trips to Brazil Hence the excitement now gripping Germany over an unfolding bribery scandal at VW.89. Paris thinking of its no vote on a European constitution, its failed candidacy as 2012 Olympic host, and its sense of going nowhere as a wannabeworld-player. Rather, the issue is large parts of a leadership caste, so tuned only to itself, so played out, so fearful of saying we've got to change our act, that it approaches autism.90. Mr Saakashvili’s fear is that developments far away in the Balkans could permanently stymie his hopes of glueing his country back together again. The west has encouraged Mr Saakashvili’s hopes of a permanent shift for his country, by agreeing to accelerate Georgia’s progress towards NATO.91. The labour market is too regulated, taxes are too complex and too high, the public sector is bloated and unresponsive, the education and health systems need a shake-up.92. The purpose of Sir Nicholas’s report is to deal with the argument of people who accept that climate change is happening, but who say that trying to do anything about it would be a waste of money. This argument is heard occasionally in Europe and frequently in America, where, for added potency, it is combined with the notion that European attempts to tax carbon are part of a conspiracy by socialists determined to undermine the American way of life.93. That gloomy view rests on an overly optimistic premise. However enthusiastic the West is about Mr. Yushchenko, EU membership was always along way off. Relations with Russia, meanwhile, have been civil but fragile. If some of the disappointments of Mr Yushchenko's short tenure can be put down to inflated expectations after last year's drama, others stem from the exigencies of the revolution. Various bits of the alliance that propelled Mr Yushchenko to the presidency had to be paid back with government offices.94. Despite this, at the start of the year Ms Merkel looked surprisingly good. Her early foreign-policy forays, especially to Washington, DC, and Brussels, were glittering successes that drew a favourable contrast with her Social Democratic predecessor, Gerhard Schröder. The economy was at last picking up some momentum. Business confidence was high. Her party was even gaining ground with the electorate.95. India’s willingness to open its economy in reality is in lamentable contrast to its inability to commit itself at the WTO. Its stubbornness is explained by the ferocity of India’s politics on this subject and the desperate, even suicidal, poverty of many of its farmers.96. Healthcare has long seemed one of the most local of all industries. Yet beneath the bandages, globalization is thriving. The outsourcing of record keeping and the reading of X-rays is already a multi-billion-dollar business. The recruitment of doctors and nurses from the developing world by rich countries is also common, if controversial. The next growth area for the industry is the flow of patients in the other direction—kno wn as “medical tourism”—which is on the threshold of a dramatic boom.97. Russian society, exhausted by preceding tension and failures, is in a state of some numbness and apathy, spiritual disjunction and depression…Russian literature is flooded by a muddy wave of pornography and sensationalism. 98. The foreign-exchange markets have sensed a change in the weather. Over the past week, the dollar has swiftly gained ground against the euro and the pound. The thinking in the foreign exchanges is that it makes less sense to punish the dollar if other economies are doing so badly. The fear of a dollar rout, which has long stalked financial markets and even prompted the FederalReserve chief to talk up the currency as recently as June, now seems to have evaporated.99. Presidential elections usually whip up global interest, reasonably so given the president’s dominance of foreign policy. The congressional poll, in contrast, provokes mostly yawns. This time, with Democrats apparently poised to make big gains partly because of foreign affairs, there may be more reason than usual for outsiders to pay attention.100. The coming boom has its critics. Some worry that a flood of foreigners into developing countries will divert money and expertise from state health systems that are already overwhelmed—an internal brain drain that will worsen care for ordinary people. Others decry it as a distraction from the need to cut costs and improve quality in rich-world health systems.。