环境工程专业英语试题完整版.doc
环境工程专业英语试题
一、英汉互译1. oxidizing agent——氧化剂2. activated sludge——活性污泥3. water purification——水净化4. protozoa——原生动物5. nitrogen dioxide——二氧化氮6. phosphate——磷酸盐7. the dew point——露点 8. food additives——食品添加剂9. chemical plant——化工厂 10.primary air pollutant——一次大气污染物11.qualitative analysis——定性分析 12.environmental problem——环境问题13.incomplete combustion——不完全燃烧 14.photochemical oxidants——光化学氧化剂15.suspented solid——悬浮固体 16.气布比——air to cloth ratio17.一氧化碳——carbon monoxide 18.酵母——yeast19.紫外线——ultraviolet light 20.反向渗透——reverse osmosis21.水资源——water resource 22.有机物质——organic matter23.地表水——surface water 24.引风机——draft fan25.生物鉴定——bioassay 26.副产品——by-products27.环境容量——environmental capacity 28.供水，给水——water supply29.吸附——adsorption 30.环境污染——environmental pollution二、英译汉1.Protection of public health, the original purpose of pollution control, continues to bethe primary objective in many areas. However, preservation of water resources, protection of fishing areas, and maintenance of recreational waters are additional concerns today.污染控制的最初目的是保护公众的健康，在许多地方这仍然是主要目的。
环境工程专业英语
专业英语环境：environment 环境工程：environmental engineering环境保护：environmental protection 环境意识：environmental consciousness/awareness 环境问题：environmental issue/problem 环境效应：environmental effect环境污染：environmental pollution 环境要素：environmental elements环境因子：environmental factors 环境化学：environmental chemistry环境生态学：environmental ecology 环境质量：environmental quality环境自净作用：environmental self-purification/self-cleansing生物圈：biosphere 生态学：ecology生态系统：ecosystem 生态平衡：ecological balance生态破坏：ecological damage生物群落：biological community猎食者：predator 食物链：food chain被猎食者：prey 营养级：trophic level物质循环：material cycle信息反馈：information feedback能量传递：energy transfer物质不灭定律：the law of conservation of mass能量守恒定律：the law of conservation of energy物料平衡定律：Material balance principle水环境：watershed 水体：water body流域：watershed 水质：water quality水资源：water resources 供水：water supply废水：waste water 水处理：water treatment物理性水质指标：physical indicate of water quality 水污染物：water pollutant生物性水质指标：biological water-quality index 水质标准：water quality standard化学性水质指标：chemical water-quality indexDS：dissolved solids BOD：biochemical oxygen demand TDS：total dissolved solids COD：chemical oxygen demand TSS：total suspended solids DO：dissolved oxygenTOC：total organic carbon PH值：TN：总氮total nitrogen TP：总磷phosphorusZn：zinc Cu：CopperAs：arsenic Cd：CadmiumCr：chromium Ni：NickelHg：mercury Pb：plumbum物理处理：physical treatment 过滤：screening生物处理：biological treatment 沉淀：sedimentation化学处理：chemical treatment 气浮：flotation物理化学处理：physical-chemical treatment蒸发：evaporation 稀释：dilution扩散：dispersion 吹脱：stripping好氧处理：aerobic treatment 生物膜法：biofilm process bio-membrane process厌氧处理：anaerobic treatment 生物滤池：trickling filters活性污泥法：activated sludge process 生物接触氧化：biological contact SBR：苯乙烯-丁二烯Styrene Butadiene RubberUASB（流式厌氧污泥床）：Upflow anaerobic sludge blanket活性污泥：activated sludge 改进型：modification一级处理：primary treatment二级处理：secondary treatment三级处理：tertiary treatment高级氧化处理：advanced treatment生活污水：domestic wastewater生产废水：industrial wastewater城市生活污水：municipal wastewater电镀废水：metalplating plants印染废水：pulp and paper industries wastewater浊度：turbidity硬度：hardness水质净化：water quality purifies混凝沉淀：coagulate flocculating agent活性炭吸附：activated carbon adsorption隔油池：oil separation tank中和池：neutralization tank调节池：adjusting tank生物反应池：biological reactor加药设备：physical equipment沉淀池：sedimentation tank初沉池：primary sedimentation tank二沉池：secondary sedimentation tank絮凝剂：flocculant混凝剂：coagulate flocculant生物降解：biodegradation生物累积：bioaccumulation大气环境：airshed 气体净化：atmospheric cleanup对流层：troposphere 摩擦层：frictional layer？平流层：stratosphere 中间层：mesosphere热层：thermosphere 臭氧层：ozonosphere粉尘：dust 气溶胶：aerosol烟雾：smoke 降尘：dust fall飘尘：floating dust 可吸入颗粒物：inhalable particles能见度：visibility 酸雨：acid rain一次污染物：primary pollutant二次污染物：secondary pollutant氮氧化物：nitrogen oxides 硫氧化物：sulfur oxides硫化氢：hydrogen sulfide 碳氧化物：carbon oxides硝酸：nitric acid 盐酸：hydrochloric acid硫酸：sulfuric acid 二氧化硫：sulfur dioxide除尘工艺：Dust removal吸收：absorption吸附：adsorptionGAC（颗粒活性炭）：granular a c tivated carbonPAC（粉末活性炭）：powdered a c tivated carbonACF（活性炭纤维）：a c tivated carbon fiber静电除尘：electric dust precipitation重力除尘：gravitational settling臭氧：ozone光化学烟雾：photochemical smoke喷淋（洗涤）：scavenging凝聚：flocculation植物吸收：植物吸附：土壤：soil 热污染：temperature change/thermal pollution 噪声：noise 放射性：radioactivity光辐射：optical radiation光合成：Photosynthesis易燃性：ignitability易爆性：ignitability反应性：reactivity传染性：infectivity腐蚀性：corrosivityEIA：environmental impact assessmentCAD（计算机辅助设计）：computer aided design大气污染控制工程：air pollution control水污染控制工程：water pollution control固体废物污染控制工程：solid waste management污染物：pollutant污染源：pollution source同化作用：assimilation 固体废物：solid wastes消纳作用：Digestive Function 危险废物：hazardous wastes城市生活垃圾：municipal wastes化学污泥chemical sludge：生物污泥：biological sludge工业固废：industrial wastes 分选处理：separation treatment矿业固废：mine solid wastes 破碎处理：processing农业固废：agriculture solid wastes 压实处理：reduction in volume污泥脱水：disposal of the sludge ？污泥浓缩：sludge thickening带式压滤：Belt filter press离心脱水：centrifugal dewatering筛分：screening堆肥和堆肥化：compost and composting沼气和沼气化：biogas热解与焚烧：pyrolysis and incineration生物转化作用：biotransformation热化学转化作用：thermo-chemical conversion固化和稳定化作用：solidification and stabilization资源化：resource减量化：pollution control无害化：harmlessness固体废物全过程控制：solid waste integrated control固体废物污染控制：solid waster pollution control固体废物处理：processing and recovery处置：disposal物质回收：materials recovery 物质转化：material conversion能量回收：energy recovery 能量转化：energy conversion1.Environmental engineering has been defined as the branch of engineering that is concernedwith protecting the environment from the potential, deleterious effects of human activity, protecting human populations from the effects of adverse environmental factors, and improving environmental quality for human health and well-being.（2页）环境工程学是环境工程的分支学科，其研究内容包括①保护环境免受人类活动改造形成的潜在和不利影响②保护人类免受不利环境因素的影响③持续改善环境质量，以造福于人类健康与福祉。
土木工程给排水环境工程专业英语翻译题库
2.翻译句子：Lesson 1.土木工程Civil engineers in this field oversee the construction of a project from beginning to end.这一领域的工程师要监督一个项目从开始到结束的整个施工过程。
Those engaged in this area of civil engineering may plan and develop communities within a city, or entire cities.该领域的工程师从事规划小区或者一个完整的城市。
These civil engineers coordinate planning of public works along with private development. They evaluate the kinds of facilities needed, including streets and highways, public transportation systems, airports, port facilities, water-supply and wastewater-disposal systems, public buildings, parks, and recreational and other facilities to ensure social and economic as well as environmental well-being.规划工程师协调公共工程和私有设施的发展。
他们评估各种设施的需求，包括街道和公路、公共运输系统，机场、港口、供水排水系统，公共建筑，公园、娱乐设施等，以保证社会、经济和环境的协调发展。
The civil engineer-manager combines technical knowledge with an ability to organize and coordinate worker power, materials, machinery, and money.管理工程师将技术和组织协调劳动力、材料、机械设备、资金的能力结合起来。
环境工程专业英语考试(完整版)
Mundபைடு நூலகம்ne(世俗的)bounty(施舍)infant(婴儿)mortality(死亡率)outbreak(爆发)pesticide(农药)population explosion(人口爆炸)natural habitat(自然栖息地)parasite(寄生虫)
钟理环境工程专业英语unit6
Unit 6 Atmospheric ParticlesAtmospheric particles, commonly called particulates, range in size from about 0. 5 mm down to molecular dimensions, and consist of a large variety of solid or liquid materials and discrete objects.大气中的粒子，通常被称为粒子，大小范围约为0.5毫米以下的分子尺寸，由大量的固体或液体材料和离散物体组成。
Particles are the most visible and obvious form of air pollution. Atmospheric aerosols are suspensions in air of solid or liquid particles below l00µm in diameter.颗粒物是空气污染中最明显、最明显的一种。
大气气溶胶是指直径小于100µm以下的固体或液体颗粒在空气中的悬浮物Pollutant particles of 0. 001 to 100µm size are commonly suspended in the air near sources of pollution, such as the urban atmosphere, industrial plants, highways, and power plants.直径在001至100µm之间污染粒子通常悬浮在污染源附近的空气中，如城市大气、工业工厂、公路和发电厂。
.Very small, solid particles include carbon black, silver iodide, combustion nuclei, and sea salt nuclei formed by the loss of water from droplets of seawater. Larger particles include cement dust, wind-blown soil dust, foundry dust, and pulverized coal.非常小的固体粒子包括炭黑、碘化银、燃烧核和海水水滴流失形成的海盐核。
环境工程专业英语第四版答案
环境工程专业英语第四版答案1、_______ travelers come to visit our city every year. [单选题] *A. Hundred ofB. Hundreds of(正确答案)C. Five HundredsD. Five hundred?of2、It’s reported that there are more than 300?_______ smokers in China. [单选题] *A. million(正确答案)B. millionsC. million ofD. millions of3、( )He gave us____ on how to keep fit. [单选题] *A. some advicesB. some advice(正确答案)C. an adviceD. a advice4、She _______ so much _______ her mother. [单选题] *A. looks; like(正确答案)B. looks; forC. looks; afterD. looks forwards; to5、Researchers have spent five years collecting data（）the study is based. [单选题] *A. on thatB. in whichC. in thatD. on which(正确答案)6、Last week they _______ in climbing the Yuelu Mountain. [单选题] *A. succeeded(正确答案)B. succeedC. successD. successful7、I’d like to know the _______ of the club. [单选题] *A. schedule(正确答案)C. menuD. subject8、The weather forecast says that we’ll have occasional rain tomorrow. [单选题] *A. 偶尔的B. 不停的C. 少量的(正确答案)D. 不可预测的9、—Where did you get the book?—From my friend. I ______ it three days ago. （）[单选题] *A. lentB. borrowed(正确答案)C. keptD. returned10、Wang Dong usually gets up at 6:00 _______ he can catch the early school bus. [单选题] *A. as ifB. so that(正确答案)C. until11、23．Hurry up! The train ________ in two minutes. [单选题] *A．will go(正确答案)B．goC．goesD．went12、This is _________ my father has taught me—to always face difficulties and hope for the best. [单选题] *A. howB. whichC. that(正确答案)D. what13、Leave your key with a neighbor ___ you lock yourself out one day [单选题] *A. ever sinceB. even ifC. soon afterD. in case(正确答案)14、He went to America last Friday. Alice came to the airport to _______ him _______. [单选题] *A. take; offB. see; off(正确答案)C. send; upD. put; away15、There is a bank ______ the street. [单选题] *A. on the end ofB. in the end ofC. at the end of(正确答案)D. by the end of16、8．Turn right ________ Danba Road and walk ________ the road, then you will findMeilong Middle school. [单选题] *A．in...alongB．into...along (正确答案)C．in...onD．into...on17、The beautiful radio _______ me 30 dollars. [单选题] *A. spentB. paidC. cost(正确答案)D. took18、The market economy is quickly changing people’s idea on_____is accepted. [单选题] *A.what(正确答案)B.whichC.howD.that19、How lovely a day,（）? [单选题] *A. doesn't itB. isn't it(正确答案)C.shouldn't itD.hasn't it20、Could you please ______ why you can’t come to attend the meeting? [单选题] *A. explain(正确答案)B. understandC. giveD. reach21、Bliss, who worked in an information centre, began to work on the book in 1 [单选题] *A. 策划B. 上班C. 写作(正确答案)D. 销售22、The notice put _______ on the wall says “No Smoking”. [单选题] *A. up(正确答案)B. offC. awayD. out23、—When are you going to Hainan Island for a holiday? —______ the morning of 1st May.（）[单选题] *A. InB. AtC. On(正确答案)D. For24、Seldom _____ in such a rude way. [单选题] *A.we have been treatedB. we have treatedC. have we been treated(正确答案)D. have treated25、I hope to see you again _______. [单选题] *A. long long agoB. long beforeC. before long(正确答案)D. long26、—Judging from ____ number of bikes, there are not many people in the party.—I think so. People would rather stay at home in such _____ weather. [单选题] *A. the, aB. a, /C. the, /(正确答案)D. a, a27、The house was completed five months ago. [单选题] *A. 完成(正确答案)B. 复杂C. 开始D. 装着28、In the future, people ______ a new kind of clothes that will be warm when they are cold, and cool when they’re hot.（）[单选题] *A. wearB. woreC. are wearingD. will wear(正确答案)29、Galileo was ____ Italian physicist and astronomer who invented _____ telescope. [单选题] *A. a, aB. the, theC. an, aD. an, the(正确答案)30、I'm sorry I cannot see you immediately. But if you wait, I'll see you_____. [单选题] *A. for a momentB. in a moment(正确答案)C. for the momentD. at the moment。
环境工程专业英语期末试卷标准卷
晓庄学院期末考试试卷 （ 07 级 环境工程 专业2010 ～2011 学年度 第 一 学期） 课程名称 环境工程专业英语 ✌ 卷 考试形式 闭卷 考核类型 考试 本试卷共 六 大题，卷面满分 分，答题时间 分钟。
一、 请根据缩写写出单词全称：（本题共 小题，每小题 分，共 分） ✞：✞☐●♋♦♓●♏ ❒♑♋⏹♓♍ ☐❍☐☐◆⏹♎♦ ✌：✌♓❒ ☐●●◆♦♓☐⏹ ☐⏹♦❒☐● ： ◆♦☐♏⏹♎♏♎ ☐●♓♎♦ ： ♒♏❍♓♍♋● ⌧⍓♑♏⏹ ♏❍♋⏹♎ ☜✋✌： ☜⏹❖♓❒☐⏹❍♏⏹♦♋● ✋❍☐♋♍♦ ✌♦♦♏♦♦❍♏⏹♦ （评分标准：每小题中单词全部写对，不论大小写，得 分；错一个单词得 分；错两个及以上单词，得 分。
）二、 请写出下列术语的英文表达：（本题共 小题，每小题 分，共 分） 城市污水：❍◆⏹♓♍♓☐♋● ♦♋♦♦♏♦♋♦♏❒废水处理：♦♋♦♦♏♦♋♦♏❒ ♎♓♦☐☐♦♋● 沉降池 ♦♏♎♓❍♏⏹♦♋♦♓☐⏹ ♦♋⏹ 消毒 ♎♓♦♓⏹♐♏♍♦♓☐⏹ 絮凝作用 ♐●☐♍♍◆●♋♦♓☐⏹（评分标准：每小题中所用单词意思基本吻合，单词拼写正确，且单词词态正确，得 分；错一个单词得 分；错两个及以上单词，得 分。
）三、 请根据下列英文解释写出相应的英文词汇：（本题共 小题，每题 分，共 分）❆♒♏ ☐♒⍓♦♓♍♋● ♋⏹♎ ♌♓☐♦♓♍ ♒♋♌♓♦♋♦♦♒♓♍♒ ♦◆❒❒☐◆⏹♎♦ ◆♦ ☜⏹❖♓❒☐⏹❍♏⏹♦ ✌ ⏹♋♦◆❒♋● ♑♋♦ ♦♒♓♍♒ ♓♦ ♐☐❒❍♏♎ ♐❒☐❍ ♎♏♍♋⍓♓⏹♑ ❍♋♦♦♏❒ ♋⏹♎ ♌◆❒⏹♦ ♏♋♦♓●⍓ ♦☐❍♏♦♓❍♏♦ ♍♋◆♦♏♦ ♏⌧☐●☐♦♓☐⏹♦ ♓⏹ ❍♓⏹♏♦ ♏♦♒♋⏹♏❆☐☐ ❍♋⏹⍓ ☐♏☐☐●♏ ♓⏹ ♋ ♑♓❖♏⏹ ♋❒♏♋♦☐☐ ♒♓♑♒ ♋ ☐☐☐◆●♋♦♓☐⏹ ♎♏⏹♦♓♦⍓ ❖♏❒☐☐☐◆●♋♦♓☐⏹❆♒♏ ☐❒☐♍♏♦♦ ♌⍓ ♦♒♓♍♒ ♦♋♦♏❒ ☐♋♦♦♏♦ ♦♒❒☐◆♑♒ ♋ ❍♏❍♌❒♋⏹♏ ♦♒♋♦ ♓♦ ♓❍☐♏❒❍♏♋♌●♏ ♦☐ ♎♓♦♦☐●❖♏♎ ♓☐⏹♦♦❍☐♦♓♦✌ ♓⏹♎ ☐♐ ♍♒♏❍♓♍♋● ♦♒♓♍♒ ♍♋⏹ ♦☐♏♏♎ ◆☐♎☐♦⏹ ♋ ♍♒♏❍♓♍♋● ❒♏♋♍♦♓☐⏹ ❒♋♦♏♋♦♋●⍓♦♦（评分标准：每小题中所用单词意思基本吻合，单词拼写正确，且单词词态正确，得 分；否则得 分。
环境工程专业英语第二版课后习题答案
鐘理主編環境工程專業英語課後習題Unit 1 (P.4)1 Based on Reading Material, put the following into Chinese.life expectancy ：耐用期限，平均壽命poverty-stricken ：貧窮の，貧困の，貧乏のsmog-laden air ：煙霧彌漫の天空，煙霧繚繞の空氣，陰霾天氣global conditions ：全球狀況haves and have-nots ：富人和窮人underprivileged ：社會地位低下の，相對貧困の，生活水平低下の，弱勢のsavanna ：熱帶大草原，稀樹草原predator ：食肉動物，捕食者environmental disruptions ：環境破壞，環境失調2 Put the following into English.農藥—pesticide / agricultural chemicals (including: pesticide, germicide, herbicide)化肥—chemical fertilizer有機廢物—organic wastes微生物—microorganism / microbe衰減—attenuation阻滯の—retardant / blocking稀釋—dilution添加劑—additive合成塑料—synthetic plastic再生—regenerationUnit 3 (P.19)1 Put the following into Chinese.(1) Raw materials that lose their usefulness because they sit on the shelf too long become waste.原材料放置過久會失去它們本身性能而變成廢棄物。
(2) Poor cleaning of parts or inadequate dragout time will reduce the usefulness of the process chemicals, increase the cost of waste disposal, and the cost of chemical replacement.不良の零件清洗或者不充分の接觸時間將減少工藝過程中化學品の有用性，增加處理廢棄物の費用以及替換化學藥品の費用。
(完整版)环境工程专业英语
环境工程专业英语pollution污染acid rain 酸雨environmental problem 环境问题environmental disturbance环境损坏biotic habitat 生物环境sulfur dioxide二氧化硫nitrogen oxide氧化氮carbon dioxide二氧化碳automobile exhaust汽车尾气infectious diseases 有传染性的疾病waterborne diseases 水传染的疾病 agrarian society农业社会 industrial society工业社会 industrial revolution家产革命urbanization城市化industrialization工业化developed country 发达国家developing country 发展中国家 undeveloped country 落伍国家 primary air pollutant一次大气污染物 secondary air pollutant 二次大气污染物monoxide 一氧化物 dioxide 二氧化物 trioxide 三氧化物 carbon monoxide一氧化碳 carbon dioxide 二氧化碳sulfur dioxide 二氧化硫sulfur trioxide 三氧化硫 nitrous oxide 一氧化二氮 nitric oxide 一氧化氮nitrogen dioxide二氧化氮carbon oxides 碳氮化物sulfur oxides 硫氧化物nitrogen oxides 氮氧化物hydrocarbons 碳氢化合物 photochemical oxidants 光化学氧化物 particulates 颗粒物inorganic compound 无机化合物 organic compound 有机化合物 radioactive substance放射性物质heat 热noise噪声 contaminant污染物strength 强度foreign matter杂质domestic sewage生活污水municipalwastewater城市废水microbe微生物microorganism微生物bacteria细菌total solids总固体inorganic constituents无机因素suspended solids(SS)固体悬浮物volatile s uspended solids(VSS)挥发性悬浮固体颗粒organic matter 有机物质total organic carbon, TOC 总有机碳chemical oxygen demand, COD 化学需氧量biochemical oxygen demand,BOD 生化需氧量biodegradable 可微生物分解的 contamination 污染recontamination 再污染groundwater地下水surface water 地表水 restriction 限制colloid 胶体 screening隔栅coagulation凝聚flocculation絮凝sedimentation 积淀filtration过滤disinfection消毒chlorination氯化消毒prechlorination预加氯ozonation臭氧消毒aeration 曝气softening 融化activated carbon 活性炭 adsorption吸附reverse osmosis 反浸透desalination脱盐处理microbial degradation微生物降解biological degradation生化降解biofilm process 生物膜法activated sludge process活性污泥法attached -growth 吸着生长 suspended-growth 悬浮生长 shock loading 冲击负荷organic loading 有机负荷 mixed liquor suspended solids 混淆液悬浮固体metabolize使代谢化metabolism新陈代谢dissolved oxygen 溶解氧pretreatment process 预办理工艺primary clarifier 初沉池 equalization basin 均质池 biological treatment process生物处理工艺 aeration basin 曝气池secondary clarifier二沉池 biomass生物质 heterotrophic bacteria异养菌autotrophic bacteria自养菌hydraulic retention time(HRT) 水力逗留时间sludge residence time (SRT) 污泥逗留时间solid waste 固体废物municipal 城市化industrial工业的agricultural 农业的hazardous 危险的residential住所的commercial 商业的 putrescible 易腐化的combustible易燃的flammable可燃的 explosive易爆的radioactive放射性的Landfilling土地填埋incineration:焚烧composting:堆肥compaction:压实，紧凑sanitary landfill 卫生填埋balance 剩下的，余额，结余batch-fed 分批投料refuse 垃圾municipal waste 城市垃圾perform:执行shut down:关闭energy recovery 能量回收 incomplete combustion不完整焚烧combustion燃烧volume reduction体积减小anaerobic厌氧硝化中英互译短语Biological degradation 生化降解equalization basin 调理池aeration basin 曝气池sludge blocs 污泥絮体settling tank积淀池dissolved oxygen溶解氧 suspended-growth悬浮生长pulverized refuse垃圾破裂biofilm 生物膜well -compacted landfill压实填埋场nutrient source 营养源mass-burning 大批焚烧 fluidized fed incarceration 硫化床焚烧法soil conditioners 土壤改进剂温室效应 greenhouse effect由 CO2惹起的 caust by CO2世界碳估算 the world carbon budget天气自然颠簸 natural fluctuations全世界变暖 global warming 厌氧的 anaerobic腐化 Putrefied甲烷 methane 臭氧层 ozone layer天气模型 climatic model 正常浓度： normal concentration严重污染物： heavily polluted决定因素： determining factor光化学氧化物：photochemical oxidants液体微滴：liquid particulates含硫的： sulfur -containing放射性物质： radioactiue substance 汽车尾气： automobile exhaust wet oxidation湿式氧化1、 Environment is the physical and biotic habitat which surrounds us; that which we can see, hear, touch,smell, and taste.环境是我们四周的物理和生物环境，我们能够看到、听到、接触到、闻到和品味到的。
给排水与环境工程专业英语
The human search for pure water supplies must have begun in prehistoric times. Much of that earliest activity is subject to speculation. Some individuals may have led water where they wanted it through trenches dug in the earth. Later a hollow log was perhaps used as the first water pipe.
Only by continual and costly attention to water quality control has it been possible to virtually eradicate waterborne diseases from developed countries. Such achievements must not, however, be allowed to mask the appalling situation regarding water supply and sanitation in much of the developing world. The growth of population in developing countries, due to the high birth rate, is such that unless strenuous efforts to increase water supply and sanitation facilities are made, the percentage of the world’s population with satisfactory facilities would actually decrease in the future. In developed countries, demands for water are now fairly static and basic waste quality-control measures are well established. However, many of the existing water-supply and sewage schemes are now relatively old so that their reconstruction will pose problems in the future. As knowledge of the effects of all forms of environmental pollution increases so new potential hazards appear, for example there is current concern about the possible carcinogenic hazards arising from the presence of minute concentrations of some organic compounds in water. Anthropogenic, or human-induced, pollutants have overloaded our envir commissioning of the first major public health engineering works of modern times. Thus by 1870 waterborne outbreaks had been largely brought under control in the UK and similar developments were taking place in Western Europe and the cities of the USA. The Industrial Revolution greatly increased the urban water demand and the late nineteenth century saw the construction of major water-supply schemes.
(完整版)环境工程专业英语
环境工程专业英语pollution污染acid rain酸雨environmental problem 环境问题environmental disturbance环境破坏biotic habitat 生物环境sulfur dioxide二氧化硫nitrogen oxide氧化氮carbon dioxide二氧化碳automobile exhaust汽车尾气infectious diseases有传染性的疾病waterborne diseases水传染的疾病agrarian society农业社会industrial society工业社会industrial revolution产业革命urbanization城市化industrialization工业化developed country发达国家developing country发展中国家undeveloped country落后国家primary air pollutant一次大气污染物secondary air pollutant二次大气污染物monoxide一氧化物dioxide二氧化物trioxide三氧化物carbon monoxide一氧化碳carbon dioxide二氧化碳sulfur dioxide二氧化硫sulfur trioxide三氧化硫nitrous oxide一氧化二氮nitric oxide一氧化氮nitrogen dioxide二氧化氮carbon oxides碳氮化物sulfur oxides硫氧化物nitrogen oxides氮氧化物hydrocarbons碳氢化合物photochemical oxidants光化学氧化物particulates颗粒物inorganic compound无机化合物organic compound有机化合物radioactive substance放射性物质heat热noise噪声contaminant污染物strength强度foreign matter杂质domestic sewage生活污水municipalwastewater城市废水microbe微生物microorganism微生物bacteria细菌total solids总固体inorganic constituents无机要素suspended solids (SS)固体悬浮物volatile suspended solids (VSS)挥发性悬浮固体颗粒organic matter有机物质total organic carbon, TOC 总有机碳chemical oxygen demand, COD化学需氧量biochemical oxygen demand, BOD生化需氧量biodegradable可微生物分解的contamination污染recontamination再污染groundwater地下水surface water地表水restriction限制colloid胶体screening隔栅coagulation凝聚flocculation絮凝sedimentation沉淀filtration过滤disinfection消毒chlorination氯化消毒prechlorination预加氯ozonation臭氧消毒aeration曝气softening软化activated carbon活性炭adsorption吸附reverse osmosis反渗透desalination脱盐处理microbial degradation微生物降解biological degradation生化降解biofilm process生物膜法activated sludge process活性污泥法attached-growth吸着生长suspended-growth悬浮生长shock loading冲击负荷organic loading有机负荷mixed liquor suspended solids混合液悬浮固体metabolize使代谢化metabolism新陈代谢dissolved oxygen 溶解氧pretreatment process 预处理工艺primary clarifier初沉池equalization basin均质池biological treatment process生物处理工艺aeration basin曝气池secondary clarifier二沉池biomass生物质heterotrophic bacteria异养菌autotrophic bacteria自养菌hydraulic retention time (HRT) 水力停留时间sludge residence time (SRT) 污泥停留时间solid waste固体废物municipal城市化industrial工业的agricultural农业的hazardous危险的residential住宅的commercial商业的putrescible易腐烂的combustible易燃的flammable可燃的explosive易爆的radioactive放射性的Landfilling土地填埋incineration: 焚烧composting: 堆肥compaction: 压实，紧凑sanitary landfill卫生填埋balance剩下的，余额，结余batch-fed 分批投料refuse垃圾municipal waste城市垃圾perform: 执行shut down: 关闭energy recovery能量回收incomplete combustion不完全燃烧combustion燃烧volume reduction体积缩小anaerobic厌氧硝化中英互译短语Biological degradation生化降解equalization basin调节池aeration basin曝气池sludge blocs 污泥絮体settling tank沉淀池dissolved oxygen溶解氧suspended-growth悬浮生长pulverized refuse垃圾破碎biofilm生物膜well-compacted landfill压实填埋场nutrient source 营养源mass-burning大量燃烧fluidized fed incarceration硫化床燃烧法soil conditioners土壤改良剂温室效应greenhouse effect 由CO2引起的caust by CO2 世界碳预算the world carbon budget 天气自然波动natural fluctuations 全球变暖global warming 厌氧的anaerobic 腐烂Putrefied 甲烷methane 臭氧层ozone layer 气候模型climatic model 正常浓度：normal concentration 严重污染物：heavily polluted 决定因素：determining factor 光化学氧化物：photochemical oxidants 液体微滴：liquid particulates 含硫的：sulfur-containing 放射性物质：radioactiue substance 汽车尾气：automobile exhaust wet oxidation湿式氧化1、Environment is the physical and biotic habitat which surrounds us; that which we can see, hear, touch, smell, and taste. 环境是我们周围的物理和生物环境，我们可以看到、听到、接触到、闻到和品尝到的。
环境科学与工程专业英语
环境科学与工程专业英语U3 What is waste reduction/waste minimization?1.句子英译中(1)Raw materials that lose their usefulness because they sit on shelf too long become wasted.因搁置太久而失去使用价值的原料变成废品。
(2）Poor cleaning of parts or inadequate dragout time will reduce the usefulness of the process chemicals, increase the cost of waste disposal, and the cost of chemical replacement.不洁部分或废酸洗液的时间不足会导致反应物利用率不高，增加废物处理费用和替代物质费用。
（3）Lockheed successfully switched from an alkaline cyanide cadmium bath to an acidic noncyanide cadminum bath.洛克希德成功地把碱性氰化物镉水浴转变成为了酸性非氰化物镉水浴。
（4）Don’t try to reinvent the wheel. Develop networking partners to share ideas.不要走老路。
结识合作伙伴，分享理念。
2.词组英译中Waste reduction/waste minimization 垃圾减量化/垃圾最小化；in-process 在…过程中；housekeeping家务管理；equipment modification设备改进；landfills废物填埋场；biodegradable solvents能进行生物降解的溶剂；volatile chemicals稳定的化学物质；management commitment管理委员会。
环境工程专业英语翻译 2考试
Unit 5 Type and Sources of Air Pollutants空气污染物的类型和来源What is air pollution?Air pollution is normally defined as air that contains one or more chemicals in high enough concentration to harm humans, other animals, vegetation or materials.什么是空气污染？空气污染通常是指那种包含一种或多种化学物质富集到高浓度并足以伤害人类、其他动物、植物或材料的空气。
There are two major types of air pollution.主要有两种类型的空气污染。
A primary air pollution is a chemical added directly to the air that occurs in a harmful concentration.初级空气污染是指有害的浓度直接进入到空气中的化学物质。
It can be a natural air component, such as carbon dioxide, that rise above its normal concentration, or something not usually found in the air, such as a lead compound emitted by cars burning leaded gasoline.这种化学物质可以是一个自然的空气成分，如超过了正常浓度的二氧化碳，，或通常不会在空气中发现的，如汽车燃烧含铅汽油所排放出来的主要尾气。
A secondary air pollution is a harmful chemical formed in the atmosphere through a chemical reaction among air components.次生空气污染是指在大气中由气体成分之间发生化学反应的有害化学物质。
环境科学与工程专业英语第四版,练习答案
环境科学与工程专业英语第四版,练习答案1、As soon as he _______, he _______ to his family. [单选题] *A. arrived, writesB. arrived, writtenC. arrived, wrote(正确答案)D. arrives, write2、Generally speaking, it is _______ to ask a woman’s age in western countries. [单选题] *A. possibleB. importantC. not polite(正确答案)D. polite3、I’m _______ I must be leaving now. [单选题] *A. afraid(正确答案)B. thinkC. thoughtD. free4、There are about eight ______ students in my school.（）[单选题] *A. hundred(正确答案)B. hundredsC. hundred ofD. hundreds of5、What’s the price and what sort of _______ do you offer? [单选题] *A. advantageB. accountC. displayD. discount(正确答案)6、I gave John a present but he gave me nothing_____. [单选题] *A.in advanceB.in vainC.in return(正确答案)D.in turn7、_______ songs is my favorite. [单选题] *A. To Singing EnglishB. Singing English(正确答案)C. Singings EnglishD. Sing English8、Across the river（）. [单选题] *A. lies a new built bridgeB.lies a newly built bridge(正确答案)C. a new built bridge liesD.a newly built bridge lies9、Mike and his friend are going to the _______ to see the new action movie tonight. [单选题] *A. book shopB. restaurantC. concertD. cinema(正确答案)10、82．—Is there a bookshop near here?—Yes. Walk ________ the road for five minutes and you'll see one near a big tree. [单选题] *A．toB．along(正确答案)C．ofD．about11、The car is _______. It needs washing. [单选题] *A. cleanB. dirty(正确答案)C. oldD. new12、I’m sorry there are ______ apples in the fridge. You must go and buy some right now.（）[单选题] *A. a littleB. littleC. a fewD. few(正确答案)13、Mary, together with her children ,_____ some video show when I went into the sitting room. [单选题] *A. were watchingB. was watching(正确答案)C. is watchingD. are watching14、( ) You had your birthday party the other day,_________ [单选题] *A. hadn't you?B. had you?C. did you?D. didn't you?(正确答案)15、He gathered his courage and went on writing music. [单选题] *A. 从事B. 靠······谋生C. 继续(正确答案)D. 致力于16、She works in a hospital. She is a(n) _______. [单选题] *A. managerB. engineerC. doctor(正确答案)D. patient17、37．It’s fun _________ a horse with your best friends on the grass. [单选题] * A．to ride (正确答案)B．ridingC．ridesD．ride18、Can you give her some ______ ? [单选题] *A. advice(正确答案)B. suggestionC. advicesD. suggest19、—Why is Mary asking Bob about the school trip? —Because she wants to know ______.（）[单选题] *A. how does he think of the tripB. what does he think of the tripC. what he likes the tripD. how he likes the trip(正确答案)20、Mr. Wang is coming to our school. I can’t wait to see _______. [单选题] *A. herB. him(正确答案)C. itD. them21、He always found it hard to satisfy himself. [单选题] *A. 控制B. 满足(正确答案)C. 了解D. 批评22、It ______ me half an hour to return to school.（）[单选题] *A. takes(正确答案)B. spendsC. costsD. brings23、My brother often does ______ homework first after school.（）[单选题] *A. heB. his(正确答案)C. sheD. her24、We had ____ wonderful lunch last Saturday. [单选题] *A. /B. theC. oneD. a(正确答案)25、41．—________ do you take?—Small, please. [单选题] *A．What size(正确答案)B．What colourC．How manyD．How much26、Tom’s mother will let him _______ traveling if he comes back?in five days. [单选题] *A. to goB. goesC. wentD. go(正确答案)27、80．Thousands of ________ from other countries visit the village every year. [单选题] * A．robotsB．postcardsC．tourists(正确答案)D．bridges28、( )He killed the enemy guard and made away _________the villagers. [单选题] *A. with the helpB. with helpC. with help ofD. with the help of(正确答案)29、21 In a few years' time, there ________ thousands of trees on the hill. [单选题] * A．will haveB．will be(正确答案)C．are haveD．have30、I was astonished when I heard that Louise was getting married. [单选题] *A. 惊讶(正确答案)B. 气愤C. 高兴D. 想念。
环境科学与工程专业英语第四版,练习答案 (1)
环境科学与工程专业英语第四版,练习答案1、We all wondered（）Tom broke up with his girlfriend. [单选题] *A. thatB. whatC. whoD. why(正确答案)2、Both Mary and Linda don't care for fish. [单选题] *A. 喜欢(正确答案)B. 关心C. 照料D. 在乎3、Can you _______ this form? [单选题] *A. fillB. fill in(正确答案)C. fill toD. fill with4、—What can I do for you? —I ______ a pair of new shoes.（）[单选题] *A. likeB. would lookC. would like(正确答案)D. take5、There is not much news in today's paper,_____? [单选题] *A. is itB. isn't itC.isn't thereD. is there(正确答案)6、My watch usually _______ good time, but today it is five minutes fast. [单选题] *A. goesB. makesC. keeps(正确答案)D. gains7、—Could you please make the bed?—______.（）[单选题] *A. Yes, I wasB. No, I don’tC. Sure, I’ll do it(正确答案)D. No, that’s no problem8、Tony wants _______ a job as a language teacher in China. [单选题] *A. findB. findingC. to find(正确答案)D. to be found9、Don’t ______. He is OK. [单选题] *A. worriedB. worry(正确答案)C. worried aboutD. worry about10、Your homework must_______ tomorrow. [单选题] *A. hand inB. is handed inC. hands inD. be handed in(正确答案)11、Miss Smith is a friend of _____. [单选题] *A. Jack’s sister’s(正确答案)B. Jack’s sisterC. Jack sister’sD. Jack sister12、Comparatively speaking, of the three civil servants, the girl with long hair is _____. [单选题] *A. more helpfulB. extremely helpfulC. very helpfulD. the most helpful(正确答案)13、3．Shanghai is my hometown. It’s ________ China. [单选题] *A．nearB．far away fromC．to the east ofD．in the east of(正确答案)14、—Can you play tennis?—______. But I can play basketball.（）[单选题] *A. Yes, I canB. Yes, I doC. No. I can’t(正确答案)D. No, I don’t15、There are many beautiful _______ in the wardrobe. [单选题] *A. bookB. dresses(正确答案)C. cell phoneD. grocery16、( ). The old man enjoys ______ stamps. And now he has1300 of them [单选题] *A. collectB. collectedC. collecting(正确答案)D. to collect17、—What can I do to help at the old people’s home?—You ______ read stories to the old people. （）[单选题] *A. could(正确答案)B. mustC. shouldD. would18、I am worried about my brother. I am not sure _____ he has arrived at the school or not. [单选题] *A. whether(正确答案)B. whatC. whenD. how19、--Jenny, what’s your favorite _______?--I like potatoes best. [单选题] *A. fruitB. vegetable(正确答案)C. drinkD. meat20、The three guests come from different _______. [单选题] *A. countryB. countrysC. countryesD. countries(正确答案)21、There _______ no water or milk in the fridge. [单选题] *A. is(正确答案)B. areC. hasD. have22、I _______ no idea of where the zoo is. [单选题] *A. thinkB. getC. have(正确答案)D. take23、--What would you like to say to your _______ before leaving school?--I’d like to say"Thank you very much!" [单选题] *A. workersB. nursesC. waitersD. teachers(正确答案)24、( ). I’m _____ in that ______ film [单选题] *A. interesting interestedB. interested interesting(正确答案)C. interested interestedD. interesting interesting25、While I _____ the morning paper, a headline caught my eye.. [单选题] *A. have readB. was reading(正确答案)C. had readD. am reading26、I knocked on the door but _______ answered. [单选题] *A. somebodyB. anybodyC. nobody(正确答案)D. everybody27、Researchers have spent five years collecting data（）the study is based. [单选题] *A. on thatB. in whichC. in thatD. on which(正确答案)28、Henry lives happily with his three cats. _______ of them are part of his family. [单选题] *A. NoneB. BothC. All(正确答案)D. Neither29、Nowadays schools should care for the full _______ of a student’s talents. [单选题] *A. satisfactionB. development(正确答案)C. communicationD. preparation30、Tom’s mother will let him _______ traveling if he comes back?in five days. [单选题] *A. to goB. goesC. wentD. go(正确答案)。
环境工程专业英语--Unit 1
Unit 1 What are Environmental Science and Engineering
Quantitative Environmental Science: 1.What does scientific method deal with? 2.What is the cornerstone of science?
➢ 即使它们是具有代表性的，它们也含有不能用现有知识来解释的某 些随机变化。
Care and impartiality in gathering and recording data, as well as independent verification(认证), are the cornerstones of science.
➢ 历来环境科学家研究的焦点，理所应当是自然环境。
By this, we mean the atmosphere, the land, the water and their inhabitants as differentiated from the built environment.
➢ 因此，我们指的是大气，土壤，水和居住环境，这些不同于建设的 环境。
在最广泛的意义上 ， 科学是系统化的知识，来源于并且实 践于对问题的认识和构想 ， 以及通过观察和实验的数据的 收集。
Unit 1 What are Environmental Science and Engineering
We differentiate between social science and natural science in that the former deals with the study of people and how they live together as families, tribes, communities, races, and nations, and the latter deals with the study of nature and the physical world. Natural science includes such diverse disciplines as biology, chemistry, geology, physics, and environmental science.
6 环境工程专业英语unit 6
2. Names of Anions（阴离子的命名）
元素名称的词干 + -ide + ion 例：F-：fluoride ion（F：fluorine）；
Cl-：chloride ion（Cl：chlorine）； Br-：bromide ion（Br：bromine）；
I-：iodide ion（I：iodine） OH-：hydroxide ion
group 7A “Halogens”
(F, Cl, Br, I，At)
❖ 9. Fluorine ['fluəri:n] (F), 氟 ❖ 17. Chlorine ['kləuri:n] (Cl),氯 ❖ 35. Bromine ['brəumi:n] (Br), 溴 ❖ 53. Iodine ['aiədain, -di:n] (I), 碘
low reactivities
❖ Boron family
Boron ['bɔ:rɔn]硼 B Aluminum [əlju:'minəm]铝 Al Aluminium [ælju:'minjəm]美语
❖ Nitrogen family
Nitrogen ['naitrədʒən]氮 N Phosphorus/Phosphorous ['fɔsfərəs] 磷 P
group 1A. “Alkali metals”
(Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs，Fr) ❖ 3. Lithium ['liθi:əm] 锂 ❖ 11. Sodium ['səudi:əm] 钠 Natrium ['neitriəm] ❖ 19. Potassium [pə'tæsiəm] 钾 kalium ['keiliəm] ❖ 37. Rubidium [ru:'bidiəm] 铷（Rb） ❖ 55. Caesium ['si:zjəm] 铯(Cs) ❖ 87. Francium ['frænsiəm] (放射性元素)钫(符Fr)
环境工程专业英语期末试卷标准卷
用心整理可以编辑！！放心下载！晓庄学院期末考试试卷 （07级环境工程专业2010 ～2011 学年度 第 一学期） 课程名称 环境工程专业英语A 卷 考试形式 闭卷考核类型 考试 本试卷共 六 大题，卷面满分100分，答题时间120分钟。
一、 请根据缩写写出单词全称：（本题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分） 1. VOC ：V olatile Organic Compounds 2. APC ：Air Pollution Control 3. SS ：Suspended Solids 4. COD ：Chemical Oxygen Demand 5. EIA ：Environmental Impact Assessment （评分标准：每小题中单词全部写对，不论大小写，得2分；错一个单词得1分；错两个及以上单词，得0分。
） 二、 请写出下列术语的英文表达：（本题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分） 1. 城市污水：municipal wastewater 2. 废水处理：wastewater disposal 3. 沉降池:sedimentation tank 4. 消毒:disinfection 5. 絮凝作用:flocculation（评分标准：每小题中所用单词意思基本吻合，单词拼写正确，且单词词态正确，得2分；错一个单词得1分；错两个及以上单词，得0分。
）三、 请根据下列英文解释写出相应的英文词汇：（本题共4小题，每题2分，共10分）1. The physical and biotic habitat which surrounds us. Environment2. A natural gas which is formed from decaying matter and burns easily,sometimes causes explosions in mines. Methane3. Too many people in a given area,too high a population density. Overpopulation4. The process by which water passes through a membrane that is impermeableto dissolved ions. Osmosis5. A kind of chemical which can speed up/down a chemical reaction rate. Catalyst（评分标准：每小题中所用单词意思基本吻合，单词拼写正确，且单词词态正确，得2分；否则得0分。
(完整版)环境专业英语
环境：environment 环境工程： environmental engineering环境保护：environmental protection 环境意识：environmental consciousness/awareness环境问题：environmental issue/problem 环境效应：environmental effect环境污染：environmental pollution 环境要素：environmental elements环境因子：environmental factors 环境化学：environmental chemistry环境生态学：environmental ecology 环境质量：environmental quality环境自净作用：environmental self-purification/self-cleansing水环境：watershed 水体：water body 流域：watershed水质：water quality 水资源：water resources 供水：water supply废水：waste water 水处理：water treatment物理性水质指标：physical indicate of water quality 水污染物：water pollutant生物性水质指标： biological water-quality index 水质标准：water quality standard化学性水质指标：chemical water-quality index物理处理：physical treatment 过滤：screening 生物处理：biological treatment沉淀：sedimentation 化学处理：chemical treatment 气浮：flotation物理化学处理：physical-chemical treatment 蒸发：evaporation 稀释：dilution 扩散：dispersion 吹脱：stripping好氧处理：aerobic treatment 生物膜法：bio-membrane process厌氧处理：anaerobic treatment 生物滤池：trickling filters活性污泥法：activated sludge process 生物接触氧化：biological contactSBR：苯乙烯-丁二烯 Styrene Butadiene RubberUASB（流式厌氧污泥床）：Upflow anaerobic sludge blanket活性污泥：activated sludge 改进型：modification一级处理：primary treatment 二级处理：secondary treatment三级处理：tertiary treatment 高级氧化处理：advanced treatment生活污水：domestic wastewater 生产废水：industrial wastewater城市生活污水：municipal wastewater 电镀废水：metalplating plants印染废水：pulp and paper industries wastewater 浊度：turbidity硬度：hardness 水质净化：water quality purifies混凝沉淀：coagulate flocculating agent 活性炭吸附：activated carbon adsorption隔油池：oil separation tank 中和池：neutralization tank 调节池：adjusting tank 生物反应池：biological reactor 加药设备：physical equipment沉淀池：sedimentation tank 初沉池：primary sedimentation tank二沉池：secondary sedimentation tank 絮凝剂：flocculant混凝剂：coagulate flocculant 生物降解：biodegradation生物累积：bioaccumulation 飘尘：floating dust可吸入颗粒物：inhalable particles 能见度：visibility 酸雨：acid rain一次污染物： primary pollutant 二次污染物：secondary pollutant氮氧化物：nitrogen oxides 硫氧化物：sulfur oxides硫化氢：hydrogen sulfide 碳氧化物：carbon oxides 硝酸：nitric acid盐酸：hydrochloric acid 硫酸：sulfuric acid 二氧化硫：sulfur dioxide除尘工艺：Dust removal 吸收：absorption 吸附：adsorption静电除尘：electric dust precipitation 重力除尘：gravitational settling 臭氧：ozone光化学烟雾：photochemical smoke 喷淋（洗涤）：scavenging土壤：soil 热污染：temperature change/thermal pollution 噪声：noise 放射性：radioactivity EIA：environmental impact assessmentCAD（计算机辅助设计）：computer aided design 大气污染控制工程：air pollution control 水污染控制工程：water pollution control 固体废物污染控制工程：solid waste management 污染源：pollution source 同化作用：assimilation 固体废物：solid wastes危险废物：hazardous wastes 化学污泥chemical sludge生物污泥：biological sludge 工业固废：industrialwastes 分选处理：separation treatment 矿业固废：mine solid wastes 破碎处理：processing 农业固废：agriculture solid wastes 压实处理：reduction in volume 污泥脱水：disposal of the sludge污泥浓缩：sludge thickening 带式压滤：Belt filter press离心脱水：centrifugal dewatering 筛分：screening 沼气和沼气化：biogas堆肥和堆肥化：compost and composting 生物转化作用：biotransformation热解与焚烧：pyrolysis and incineration 热化学转化作用：thermo-chemical固化和稳定化作用：solidification and stabilization 资源化：resource减量化：pollution control 无害化：harmlessness 物质转化：material conversion固体废物全过程控制：solid waste integrated control固体废物污染控制：solid waster pollution 处置：disposal 物质回收：materials recovery control 固体废物处理：processing and recovery 能量回收：energy recovery能量转化：energy conversionenvironmental science 环境科学 environmental engineering 环境工程 waste reduction 废物减量化 air pollution control 大气污染控制 wastewater treatment 污水处理solid waste treatment and disposal 固体废物处理与处置 soil erosion 水土流失 thermal pollution 热污染 biological communities 生物群落 ecosystem 生态系统green science and technology 绿色科技和技术 primary pollutant: 一次污染物 secondary pollutant: 二次污染物 carbon dioxide: 二氧化碳 methane: 甲烷fossil fuel: 化石（矿物）燃料 power plant: 电厂hydroelectric power: 水力发电 clean energy: 清洁能源 renewable energy:可再生能源 automobile exhaust (emission): 汽车尾气 greenhouse effect (gas): 温室效应（气体） air pollution control engineering: 大气污染控制工程 cyclone: 旋风除尘器pressure drop: 压力损失，压力降baghouse: 袋式除尘器operating temperature: 操作温度spray tower:喷淋塔 sanitary landfill:卫生填埋municipal wastewater=sewage=domestic sewage= sanitary sewage: 市政污水，生活污水 point source: 点源non-point source: 非点源（面源） pretreatment: 预处理primary treatment: 初（一）级处理 secondary treatment: 二级处理tertiary or advanced treatment: 三级处理，深度处理 trickling filter: 滴滤池 activated sludge: 活性污泥 bar rack or screen: 格栅 grit chamber: 沉砂池 equalization tank: 调节池 primary settling tank: 初沉池secondary settling tank: 二沉池sustainable development: 可持续发展 recycling economy: 循环经济the sources and sinks of pollutants: 污染物的源与汇 aeration tank: 曝气池aerator: 曝气池，曝气器 sedimentation tank: 沉淀池 disinfection: 消毒 eutrophication: 富营养化 oxidation ditch: 氧化沟 aerobic decomposition 好氧分解 anoxic decomposition缺氧分解 anaerobic decomposition厌氧分解 hydraulic retention time: （水力）停留时间flue gas: 烟气 biodegradable: 可生物降解的 refractory: 难降解的（常用）nondegradable: 不可降解的 acoustical material: 声学材料 soil conditioner: 土壤改良剂 extreme temperature: 极端温度 environmental quality: 环境质量Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water 地表水环境质量标准Ambient Air Quality Standards 环境空气质量标准Environmental Quality Standards for Noise 声环境质量标准缩略词：EIA : Environmental Impact Assessment, 环境影响评价 SS：Suspended Solid 悬浮物BOD：Biochemical Oxygen Demand 生化需氧量 COD: Chemical Oxygen Demand 化学需氧量 TOC: Total Organic Carbon 总有机碳WWTP : Wastewater Treatment Plant 污水处理厂 SBR: Sequencing Batch Reactor 序批式反应池 RBC: Rotating Biological Contactor 生物转盘 SRT: Sludge Retention Time 污泥龄（污泥停留时间） EPA: Environmental Protection Agency 环境保护署ISO: International Standardization Organization 国际标准化组织 EMS: Environmental Management System 环境管理系统 RS: Remote Sensing 遥感GPS: Global Positioning System 全球定位系统 GIS: Geographic Information System 地理信息系统 TSP: Total Suspended Particulates 总悬浮颗粒物。
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一、英汉互译1. oxidizing agent——氧化剂2. activated sludge——活性污泥3. water purification——水净化4. protozoa——原生动物5. nitrogen dioxide——二氧化氮6. phosphate——磷酸盐7. the dew point——露点8. food additives——食品添加剂9. chemical plant——化工厂10.primary air pollutant——一次大气污染物11.qualitative analysis——定性分析12.environmental problem——环境问题13.incomplete combustion——不完全燃烧14.photochemical oxidants——光化学氧化剂15.suspented solid——悬浮固体16.气布比——air to cloth ratio17.一氧化碳——carbon monoxide 18.酵母——yeast19.紫外线——ultraviolet light 20.反向渗透——reverse osmosis21.水资源——water resource 22.有机物质——organic matter23.地表水——surface water 24.引风机——draft fan25.生物鉴定——bioassay 26.副产品——by-products27.环境容量——environmental capacity 28.供水，给水——water supply29.吸附——adsorption 30.环境污染——environmental pollution二、英译汉1.Protection of public health, the original purpose of pollution control, continues to be the primary objectivein many areas. However, preservation of water resources, protection of fishing areas, and maintenance of recreational waters are additional concerns today.污染控制的最初目的是保护公众的健康，在许多地方这仍然是主要目的。
然而，目前保护水资源、保护渔区和维护娱乐水域也是关注的方面。
2.Pollution can be defined as an undesirable change in the physical, chemical, or biological characteristics ofthe air, water, or land that can harmfully affect the health, survival, or activities of humans or other living organisms.污染：可以定义为空气、水或土壤的物理化学或生物特性发生恶化以至于对人类或生物有机体的健康、生存或活性造成了危害。
Environment can be defined as(1) the circumstance of conditions that surround an organism or group of organisms, or (2) the complex of social or cultural conditions that affect an individual or community.环境可以定义为：（1）一个生物个体或生物群体周围的状况或条件；（2）影响个体或群体的复杂的社会或文化条件。
3.Fabric filters usually provide very high collection efficiencies, exceeding 99.5%, at pressure drops usuallyranging from 4 to 6 inches of water. The amount of filter area required is often based o an air-to-cloth ratio of 11.5 to 3.0 cfm of gas/ft of cloth.布袋过滤器经常提供超过99.5%的高捕集效率，压力降一般在4-6英寸水柱。
所需要的滤料面积通常是根据气布比为11.5-3.0cfm气体/平方英尺布来考虑的。
4.Sulfur and nitrogen oxides react in the atmosphere to form acidic compounds that attack metal surfaces, aproblem that has been particularly acute for the communications, switchgear, and computer industries.大气中的硫和氮的氧化物经反应后形成酸性化合物，这些化合物腐蚀金属表面，这个问题通讯设备、电力设施和计算机工业方面已经很严重。
三、选择题1. The objective of this book is to introduce engineering and science students to the interdisciplinary studyof environmental problems: their causes, why they are of concern, and how we can control them.（C ）A. objectiveB. bookC. environmental problemsD. students2. Thus, a pollutant species may present a toxicological hazard to plants or animals. It may also causecontamination of resources (such as air, water, and soil) so that they cannot be utilized for other purposes.（C ）A. plantsB. animalsC. resourcesD. pollutant species3. However, sewage may also contain pathogens from the excreta of people with infectious diseases thatcan be transmitted by contaminated water. （D ）A. sewageB. pathogensC. peopleD. infectious diseases4. In fact, knowledgeable scientists of the time accepted land irrigation and percolation into the porousunderground formations as methods of waste treatment. Although these treatment methods may have been intended for non-hazardous materials, they were employed for hazardous materials as well.（ B ）A. knowledgeable scientistsB. these treatment methodsC. non-hazardous materialsD. hazardous materials5. Sulfur and nitrogen oxides react in the atmosphere to form acidic compounds which attack metalsurfaces, a problem which has been particularly acute for the communications, switchgear, and computer industries. （D ）A. SulfurB. Sulfur and nitrogen oxidesC. metal surfacesD. acidic compounds四、英译汉，每小题10分，共30分1.International cooperation in the field of environmental protection should be based on the principle ofequality among sovereign states. The developing countries have the sovereign right to use their own naturalresources in keeping with their developmental and environmental objectives and priorities. Furthermore environmental considerations should not be used as an excuse for interference in the internal affairs of the developing countries, nor should these be used to introduce any forms of conditionality in aid or development financing, or to impose trade barriers affecting the export and development efforts of the developing countries.在环境保护领域的国际合作应该建立在主权国家之间的平等原则的基础上。
发展中国家有主权去利用自己国家的资源来维持发展和环境目标及其优先权。
不应该以保护环境为理由干涉发展中国家的内政，不应借此在援助或发展资金上提出任何形式的附加条件，也不应设置贸易壁垒影响发展中国家出口和发展的努力。