Surfer插值方法介绍 中英混合版

一篇英文文章，用百度翻译翻译的

还有一篇中文文章供参考

满满的诚意，求赏金

ABSTRACT

SURFER is a contouring and 3D surface mapping program, which quickly and easily transforms random surveying data, using interpolation, into continuous curved face contours. In particular, the new version, SURFER 8.0, provides over twelve interpolation methods, each having specific functions and related parameters. In this study, the 5 meter DTM was used as test data to compare the various interpolation results; the accuracy of these results was then discussed and evaluated.

摘要

冲浪是一个轮廓和三维表面的绘制程序，并迅速和容易地变换随机测量数据，使用插值，成连续的曲面轮廓。特别是，新版本，上网8，提供超过十二的插值方法，每一个具有特定功能和相关参数。在这项研究中，5米DTM作为测试数据，比较不同的插值结果；讨论和评价，然后这些结果的准确性。

1. INTRODUCTION

How to adequately use exist numerous wide-distributed height points has been an important topic in the field of spatial information. Normally, contouring is the way to accurately describe the terrain relief by means of Scenography, Shading, Hachure and Layer Tinting in a way which is best fit to the habit of human vision.

Presently, discretely collected height points have to be interpolated to form curved faces, the selection of spatial interpolation methods decide the quality, accuracy and follow-up analysis applications. Interpolation methods are used here to calculated the unknown heights of interested points by referring to the elevation information of neighboring points. There are a great many commercial interpolation software, however, most of them are tiny and designed to solve specific problems with limited versatility. The SURFER is a software developed by US GOLDEN company, and the newest version 8.0 contains up to 12 interpolation methods to been free chosen for various needs. Users are suggested to first have the basic understanding of every interpolation methods before he or she can effectively select parameters in every interpolation methods. In the following paper, we will introduce every interpolation method in SURFER.

1。简介

如何充分利用现有的众多分布高度点一直是空间信息领域的一个重要课题.。通常，轮廓是准确地运用透视法，描述地形的阴影，Hachure和分层设色的一种方式，是人的视觉习惯，最适合。

目前，离散采集高程点必须插值曲面形状、空间插值方法的选择决定的质量，精度和后续分析中的应用。这里采用插值法计算邻近点的高程信息，计算感兴趣点的未知高度.。有许多商业插值软件，但是，他们大多是微小的，旨在解决特定问题的有限多功能性。上网是一个由美国黄金公司开发的软件，最新版本8包含

了12种插值方法对自由选择的各种需求。建议用户首先要对每一种插值方法有基本的了解，然后才能有效地选取每一插值方法的参数。在本文，我们将介绍冲浪每个插值方法。

2. SURFER INTERPOLATION METHODS

2.1 The Inverse Distance to a Power method

The Inverse Distance to a Power method is a weighted average interpolator, which can be either exact or smoothing. With Inverse Distance to a Power, data are weighted during interpolation, so that the influence of one point, relative to another, declines with distance from the grid node. Weighting is assigned to data through the use of a weighting power, which controls how the weighting factors drop off as distance from the grid node increases. The greater the weighting power, the less effect the points, far removed from the grid node, have during interpolation. As the power increases, the grid node value approaches the value of the nearest point. For a smaller power, the weights are more evenly distributed among the neighboring data points. Normally, Inverse Distance to a Power behaves as an exact interpolator. When calculating a grid node, the weights assigned to the data points are fractions, the sum of all the weights being equal to 1.0. When a particular observation is coincident with a grid node, the distance between that observation and the grid node is 0.0, that observation is given a weight of 1.0; all other observations are given weights of 0.0. Thus, the grid node is assigned the value of the coincident observation. The smoothing parameter is a mechanism for buffering this behavior. When you assign a non-zero smoothing parameter, no point is given an overwhelming weight, meaning Inverse Distance to a Power is the generation of "bull's-eyes" surrounding the observation position within the grid area. A smoothing parameter can be assigned during Inverse Distance to a Power to reduce the "bull's-eye" effect by smoothing the interpolated grid.

2。Surfer插值方法

2.1逆距离幂法

一种功率法反距离加权平均法是一种，它可以是精确的或平滑。逆距离的权力，数据加权插值过程中，使一个点，相对于另一个点的影响，下降与网格节点的距离。加权通过使用加权功率分配给数据，该加权功率控制加权因子随着网格节点距离的增加而下降.。越大的加权功率，较少影响的点，远离网格节点，有在插值。随着功率的增加，网格节点的值接近最近点的值。对于较小的功率，权重更均匀地分布在相邻的数据点。通常，一个电源反距离作为一个精确的内插器。在计算网格节点时，分配给数据点的权值是分数，所有权重等于1。当一个特定的观察是一致的网格节点，观察和网格节点之间的距离为0，该观察是给定的重量为1，所有其他的观测给出的权重为0。因此，网格节点被分配的一致观测值。平滑参数是缓冲这种行为的机制.。当你指定一个非零的平滑参数，没有一点是压倒性的重量，意义反距离电源是”“靶心”周围的观测位置的网格区域内的代。平滑参数可以指定在反距离电源减少平滑插值网格的“靶心”效应。

2.2 The Kriging Method