引导的宾语从句
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I hope (that) it will snow this winter.
Betty thinks (that) trees can improve the air.
I know (that) he is friendly.
注：that没有任何词汇含义，只有语法功 能，目的是使读者清楚后面的句子是宾语 从句。多数情况下that可以省略。
否定转移
当宾语从句表示否定意义时，且主句主语为第一人称且 谓语动词是think /believe /suppose /imagine等时， 一般将否定词not转移到主句的谓语中,这就叫做“否定 转移”。我认为他不会来。
误：I think he won’t come. 正：I don’t think he will come.
He will go to Hong Kong . He is sick. He is reading a book . He has finished his work.
He said （that）
he would go to Hong Kong . he was sick. he was reading a book . he had finished his work.
(二) 语序
宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序。
•例如： I hear (that) physics isn’t easy. I think (that) you will like this school soon.
(三) 时态
1.当主句是一般现在时时，宾语从句可 根据实际情况而使用不同的时态。
I hea源自文库 (that)
•宾语从句的否定转移 当主句谓语动词是think, believe, suppose， expect等词，而宾语从句的意思是否定时， 常把否定转移至主句表示。 I don’t think it is right for him to treat you like that.
主句的谓语动同 think, believe, imagine, suppose, consider, expect, fancy, guess等，并 且主句的主语是第一人称而且为一般现在时， 从句的否定词一般 要转移到主句上来，其反 义疑问句一般与宾语从句一致。
(2) whether/if引导的宾语从句 I’m not sure if he will come. (3) 疑问词引导的宾语从句 I want to know what he will do next.
（一）引导词
当谓语动词表示肯定的概念，如“希望、相信、知道、 说”时，(如： say, think, believe, expect, hope, wish， know， see, feel, remember, forget等）其后面的句 子一般用that引导。 •例如：
注意：上述情况变成反意义疑问句时，附加问句要看从 句，如果主句的主语不是第一人称，则附加问句要看主 句。试比较：
I think he is wrong, isn’t he? He thinks he is wrong, don’t he？
Complete the sentences.
（1）Sally said, “It’s very quiet!” Sally said _th__a_t _it_w__a_s_v_e_r_y_q__u_ie_t_. （2）Sally said, “No one is shouting.” Sally said _t_h_a_t_n_o__o_n_e_w__a_s_s_h_o_u_t_in_g_____. （3）Lingling said, “The air is very clear today.” Lingling said _t_h_a_t_t_h_e_a_i_r_w__a_s_v_e_r_y_c_l_ea_r__th__a_t _d_a_y_.
I don’t believe that man is killed by Jim, is he? I expect our English teacher will be back this weekend, won't she/he? We suppose you have finished the project, haven't you?
the sun rises in the east.
that(陈述句)
宾 引导词 if／whether(一般疑问句)
语
特殊疑问词(特殊疑问句)
从
主句为一般现在时从句可为任何时态
句 时态
一般过去时
三 要
主句为一般过去时从句
过去将来时 过去进行时
客观真理时态不变
过去完成时
素
语序 宾语从句的语序都为陈述句语序
宾语从句
什么是宾语从句？试比较：
We know him．
简单句
主s 谓v 宾o
We know he likes English. 复合句
主s
主s 谓v
谓v
宾o
宾o
宾语从句就是用一个句子来充当宾语 。
•宾语从句分为三类：
(1) that引导的宾语从句 I hope (that) it will snow this winter.
如果宾语从句中有某个含有否定意义的词, 其反义疑问句要用肯定形式. We find that he never listens to the teacher carefully, does he?
3.当宾语从句表示的是客观事实、真理、自然现 象、名言警句等时，宾语从句的时态不受主句时 态的限制，仍用一般现在时。
• He told me the earthmovesaround the sun.
（move）
He told me (that) Summer is after Spring .
The teacher told us (that)
Jim went to work an hour ago. he is interested in English. she will come tomorrow . Tom has been to London twice .
2.当主句的谓语动词是过去时态时,宾语从句通常也 要用过去的某种时态。（一般过去时，过去进行 时，过去将来时，过去完成时）
Betty thinks (that) trees can improve the air.
I know (that) he is friendly.
注：that没有任何词汇含义，只有语法功 能，目的是使读者清楚后面的句子是宾语 从句。多数情况下that可以省略。
否定转移
当宾语从句表示否定意义时，且主句主语为第一人称且 谓语动词是think /believe /suppose /imagine等时， 一般将否定词not转移到主句的谓语中,这就叫做“否定 转移”。我认为他不会来。
误：I think he won’t come. 正：I don’t think he will come.
He will go to Hong Kong . He is sick. He is reading a book . He has finished his work.
He said （that）
he would go to Hong Kong . he was sick. he was reading a book . he had finished his work.
(二) 语序
宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序。
•例如： I hear (that) physics isn’t easy. I think (that) you will like this school soon.
(三) 时态
1.当主句是一般现在时时，宾语从句可 根据实际情况而使用不同的时态。
I hea源自文库 (that)
•宾语从句的否定转移 当主句谓语动词是think, believe, suppose， expect等词，而宾语从句的意思是否定时， 常把否定转移至主句表示。 I don’t think it is right for him to treat you like that.
主句的谓语动同 think, believe, imagine, suppose, consider, expect, fancy, guess等，并 且主句的主语是第一人称而且为一般现在时， 从句的否定词一般 要转移到主句上来，其反 义疑问句一般与宾语从句一致。
(2) whether/if引导的宾语从句 I’m not sure if he will come. (3) 疑问词引导的宾语从句 I want to know what he will do next.
（一）引导词
当谓语动词表示肯定的概念，如“希望、相信、知道、 说”时，(如： say, think, believe, expect, hope, wish， know， see, feel, remember, forget等）其后面的句 子一般用that引导。 •例如：
注意：上述情况变成反意义疑问句时，附加问句要看从 句，如果主句的主语不是第一人称，则附加问句要看主 句。试比较：
I think he is wrong, isn’t he? He thinks he is wrong, don’t he？
Complete the sentences.
（1）Sally said, “It’s very quiet!” Sally said _th__a_t _it_w__a_s_v_e_r_y_q__u_ie_t_. （2）Sally said, “No one is shouting.” Sally said _t_h_a_t_n_o__o_n_e_w__a_s_s_h_o_u_t_in_g_____. （3）Lingling said, “The air is very clear today.” Lingling said _t_h_a_t_t_h_e_a_i_r_w__a_s_v_e_r_y_c_l_ea_r__th__a_t _d_a_y_.
I don’t believe that man is killed by Jim, is he? I expect our English teacher will be back this weekend, won't she/he? We suppose you have finished the project, haven't you?
the sun rises in the east.
that(陈述句)
宾 引导词 if／whether(一般疑问句)
语
特殊疑问词(特殊疑问句)
从
主句为一般现在时从句可为任何时态
句 时态
一般过去时
三 要
主句为一般过去时从句
过去将来时 过去进行时
客观真理时态不变
过去完成时
素
语序 宾语从句的语序都为陈述句语序
宾语从句
什么是宾语从句？试比较：
We know him．
简单句
主s 谓v 宾o
We know he likes English. 复合句
主s
主s 谓v
谓v
宾o
宾o
宾语从句就是用一个句子来充当宾语 。
•宾语从句分为三类：
(1) that引导的宾语从句 I hope (that) it will snow this winter.
如果宾语从句中有某个含有否定意义的词, 其反义疑问句要用肯定形式. We find that he never listens to the teacher carefully, does he?
3.当宾语从句表示的是客观事实、真理、自然现 象、名言警句等时，宾语从句的时态不受主句时 态的限制，仍用一般现在时。
• He told me the earthmovesaround the sun.
（move）
He told me (that) Summer is after Spring .
The teacher told us (that)
Jim went to work an hour ago. he is interested in English. she will come tomorrow . Tom has been to London twice .
2.当主句的谓语动词是过去时态时,宾语从句通常也 要用过去的某种时态。（一般过去时，过去进行 时，过去将来时，过去完成时）