翻译理论与实践试题及答案讲解

合集下载

智慧树知到答案翻译理论与实践(湖南中医药大学)章节测试答案

第一章单元测试1、单选题：下列哪一项不属于英语静态体现的方法？选项：A:用形容词或副词表达动词意义B:动词的弱化与虚化C:动词(词组) 充当句子各种成分D:用名词代替形容词，构成标题式短语(名词连用和复合名词)答案: 【动词(词组) 充当句子各种成分】2、判断题：汉语遵循“从总述到分述”的顺序模式，英语则相反。

选项：A:错B:对答案: 【错】3、单选题：A country comes to the end when its government goes to corruption.这个句子体现了哪种英语结构顺序？选项：A:从分述到总述B:从总述到分述C:从客观到主观D:从主观到客观答案: 【从主观到客观】4、多选题：在下列因素里，哪些因素导致译者翻译英文需花费较多时间选择恰当的词义。

选项：A:一词多义B:文化的因素C:词义的引申和扩展D:词的结构答案: 【一词多义;文化的因素;词义的引申和扩展】5、多选题：翻译中需要考虑的因素有哪些？选项：A:作品产生的时代背景B:文化因素C:修辞D:情感色彩答案: 【作品产生的时代背景;文化因素;修辞;情感色彩】6、多选题：下列哪些模式适用于英语表达选项：A:空间顺序模式B:焦点后置模式C:焦点前置模式D:上下主从层级模式答案: 【空间顺序模式;焦点前置模式;上下主从层级模式】7、单选题：下列哪一选项最符合翻译过程中迁就目标语表达模式?选项：A:I heared him singing in next door.——我听见隔壁他的歌声B:共和党下台了，民主党上台执政。

——The Republicans are out，the Democrats in. C:冷静地思考，准确地判断，才是在游戏中克敌制胜的法宝。

——Thinking peacefully and judging accurately is the key to succeed in the game.D:I'm not a good singer——我不是个好歌手。

《翻译理论与实践》期末考试试卷附答案B卷

《翻译理论与实践》期末考试试卷附答案B卷一、单词翻译（共10题，每题2分，共20分）1、neutral2、meter3、sodium hydroxide4、external5、in the absence of6、间歇的；断断续续的7、复杂的8、依靠；由于9、限于10、粗粒子二、句子翻译（共5题，每题4分，共20分）1、Acid-base indicators (also known as pH indicators) are substances which change color with pH.2、I am bored with the dull office work.3、It’s my pleasure to offer some help to you.4、从大连到沈阳的直达特快火车什么时候离开？5、在周末，我们可以去游泳或去钓鱼。

三、段落翻译（共3题，每题20分，共60分）1、In metals, thermal conduction results from the motion of free electrons, and there is close correspondence between thermal conductivity and electrical conductivity. In solids that are poor conductors of electricity and in most liquids, thermal conduction results from momentum transfer between adjacent vibrating molecules or atoms. In gases, conduction occurs by the random motion of molecules, so that heat is “diffused” from hotter regions to colder ones.2、黄河是亚洲第三、世界第六长的河流。

翻译理论与实践智慧树答案

翻译理论与实践智慧树答案科目: 翻译理论与实践题型: 选择题1. 下列哪项不是译者在翻译时需要考虑的文化因素？A. 信仰B. 礼仪C. 种族D. 特长答案: D2. 下列哪个不是文化障碍的类型？A. 言语障碍B. 交际障碍C. 行为障碍D. 逻辑障碍答案: D3. 翻译中最基本的也是最重要的原则是什么？A. 信达雅B. 传神C. 意译D. 直译答案: A4. 常用的翻译技巧有哪些？A. 微调B. 加译C. 删译D. 全部都对答案: D5. 翻译的风格特点主要有几种？A. 浅显易懂型B. 优美文章型C. 客观精确型D. 全部都对答案: D题型: 填空题1. __________ 翻译是指在目标语种中加入某些适当的元素以进行更全面、更精确的信息传达。

答案: 加译2. 在进行情景翻译时，需要将原文中的语境、背景、文化因素等因素与译文的语境、背景、文化因素等进行 __________。

答案: 对等化3. 翻译的信息点是指 __________ 中传达的关键性信息。

答案: 原文4. 交替翻译是指将 __________ 切分成若干小部分，分别进行翻译且所有小部分的翻译结果相连接的翻译方式。

答案: 大段文字5. 翻译中的流畅度主要包括句子的 __________ 和句子之间的衔接。

答案: 语法结构题型: 判断题1. 语言障碍是指由于不同文化语境背景而导致的沟通障碍。

答案: 错误2. 对外汉语翻译中，直译和意译之间没有定性上的区别。

答案: 错误3. 翻译是一项高度受限制的专业，翻译员需对译文的语言、风格、结构、信息点等进行全面的分析和思考。

答案: 正确4. 翻译的最基本原则是信达雅，即要忠实地传达原文的意思，同时保持译文的风格、语言的流畅性。

答案: 正确5. 联想翻译是指根据原文中的某个词或短语的联想意义来对其进行翻译。

答案: 正确题型: 简答题1. 解释直译和意译的区别。

答案: 直译是指把以一种语言写出的原文一字不漏地翻译成目标语言，尽可能贴近译文语言的结构和表达方式。

翻译理论与实践考试试卷

翻译理论与实践考试试卷I. Alternative Choice: 15 %1. There is a lot of luck in drilling for oil。

The drill may just miss the oil although it is near。

译文A：石油钻探很大程度上要靠运气。

哪怕钻机打到石油边上,也可能找不到石油.译文B:钻探石油有很大的运气，即使钻机就在附近也有可能错过石油.2．I have no manners whatsoever. If I feel like it，I eat with my fingers, or out of a can，or standing up---in other words, whichever is easiest。

译文A：事实上我没有任何规矩,如果我觉得喜欢，我就用手指吃，或用罐头吃,或站着吃—-换句话说，看那种吃法最容易。

译文B：我实在是一点规矩也没有。

只要觉得合适，我可用手抓着吃,直接拿着罐头吃，或是站着吃：反正怎么省事就怎么吃。

3。

过去的一年．全国人民团结奋斗，开拓进取，社会主义现代化事业取得重大成就。

译文A：In the past，the Chinese people worked hard with a united and pioneering spirit，achieving great success in the drive for socialist modernization。

译文B：In the last year，the Chinese people united and worked hard, pioneered and forged ahead, and made great achievements in the cause of China’s socialist modernization。

翻译知识试题及答案解析

翻译知识试题及答案解析一、选择题1. 翻译理论中的“直译”和“意译”分别指的是什么？A. 直接翻译和间接翻译B. 逐字翻译和随文翻译C. 逐句翻译和整体翻译D. 逐词翻译和自由翻译答案：B解析：直译指的是尽可能保持原文的字面意思，而意译则是根据目标语言的表达习惯来传达原文的意思。

2. 在翻译过程中，如何处理专有名词？A. 直接音译B. 根据目标语言习惯进行翻译C. 保持原文不变D. 以上都是答案：D解析：处理专有名词时，可以根据具体情况选择音译、意译或者保持原文不变，没有固定的规则。

二、填空题3. 翻译中的“信、达、雅”原则是由________提出的。

答案：严复解析：严复是中国近代翻译理论的奠基人，他提出的“信、达、雅”原则强调翻译要忠实原文、通顺易懂、文雅得体。

4. 在翻译文学作品时，译者需要考虑的一个重要因素是________。

答案：文化差异解析：文学作品中往往蕴含丰富的文化内涵，译者在翻译时需要充分考虑文化差异，以确保译文能够传达原作的文化内涵和艺术魅力。

三、简答题5. 简述翻译中“忠实性”的重要性。

答案：忠实性是指翻译时要尽可能保持原文的意思和风格。

忠实性是翻译的基本原则之一，它确保了翻译作品的准确性和可靠性。

在翻译过程中，译者需要忠实于原文的内容、风格和作者的意图，同时也要考虑到目标语言的表达习惯，做到既忠实又通顺。

四、论述题6. 论述翻译中如何处理语言的模糊性和多义性。

答案：语言的模糊性和多义性是翻译中的常见问题。

处理这些问题时，译者首先需要准确理解原文的意图和上下文，然后根据目标语言的表达习惯和文化背景，选择最合适的译文。

在必要时，译者可以采用注释、脚注或者附加解释的方式来帮助读者理解。

此外，译者还应该具备一定的语言敏感性和文化素养，以便更好地处理语言的模糊性和多义性。

五、翻译实践题7. 将以下中文句子翻译成英文，并简要说明翻译策略。

中文句子：他的话让人深思。

英文翻译：His words are thought-provoking.翻译策略：在翻译这句话时，采用了意译的方法。

《翻译理论与实践》30问(附答案)

《翻译理论与实践》30问（附答案）1 什么是翻译？翻译是跨语言、跨文化、跨社会的交际活动。

翻译的过程不仅是语言转换过程，且是反映不同社会特征的文化转换过程。

翻译是科学，因为它有规律可循；是艺术，因为它是译者对原文进行再创造的过程；是技能，因为译文的信息需要用译语以恰当的方式再现。

2 翻译的可能性和局限性是什么？翻译的可能性，建立在文化的共性上，而局限性建立在文化的个性上。

文化是一种复杂概念，大致可分为三类：物质文化、制度文化和心理文化。

语言属制度文化，因为它由社会中的人创造，有其使用规律，为全社会的人共有。

人类在同一个地球上生活繁衍，不同国家不同民族的人民都拥有上述三种文化，它们的许多共同之处便是翻译的基础。

由于人类居住的生态环境有别，各国社会历史不完全相同，各国人民表情达意的手法也有差别，它们都是文化交流的障碍，有些障碍甚至不可逾越，这便是造成翻译局限性的原因。

3 翻译和其它学科有关系吗？翻译是一门博大精深的学问，但它和语言诸学科和文化诸学科的关系最密切。

由于翻译至少涉及两种文化和两种语言，是跨文化、跨语言的交际，运用语言或文化科学指导翻译实践时，均需将有关学科进行对比。

所以，译学是“百科学”和译者是“杂家”的比喻，是一点也不过分的。

4 译者应该具备哪些素养？译者应能较熟悉地运用原语和译语，通达人情世故，了解作者和读者的心理，尊重作者和读者，尽力是自己成为沟通他们心灵的桥梁；译者要能“忘我”，尽量再现作者的意图和风格，而不是用自己的风格取而代之；译者应谦虚、大度，热爱学习、锲而不舍，要有将人类创造的全部知识来丰富自己的决心。

译无涯，学无涯。

5 翻译的从属性和创造性是什么？翻译是在科学指导下的艺术活动，需要译者在透彻理解原文的基础上进行再创造，但创造的目的是再现原文的意义和功能，创造的原则是服从于原文，从属于原文。

译者在翻译时好比是走钢丝的杂技演员，无论如何随着音乐的节奏和旋律手舞足蹈或前滚后翻，始终不能离开脚下的钢丝。

翻译理论与实践考试试卷

翻译理论与实践考试试卷1. Our son must go to school. He must break out of the pot that holds us in.误译：我们的儿子一定得上学,打破这个把我们关在里面的罐子。

修改：我们的儿子一定得上学，一定要出人头地。

2. This is a dangerous and violent city. In some parts of it, the only law is thelaw of the jungle.误译：这是一个危险的充满暴力的城市。

在有些地方，唯一的原则就是丛林法则。

修改：这是一个危险的充满暴力的城市。

在有些地方，唯一的原则就是弱肉强食。

3. When my ship comes in, I’ll take a trip to Casablanca.误译：当我的船进港时，我就要到卡萨布兰卡去。

应译为：当我发了财时，我就要到卡萨布兰卡去。

4. They slip out one by one and I was left holding the baby.误译：他们一个个都跑掉了，剩下我来抱孩子。

应译为：他们一个个都跑掉了，剩下我来干这倒霉的差事。

这里“be left holding the baby”含义为“to find oneself responsible for doing something which someone else has started and left unfinished”，与汉语中“接下烂摊子”意思一致，“剩下我来干这倒霉的差事”表达了这层含义5. It noted that being overweight has been linked to sickness and death from such diseases as high blood pressure, diabetes,heart disease and gallbladder disease.译文：报告指出，过胖与疾病及诸如高血压、糖尿病、心脏病和胆囊疾病引起的死亡有关。

翻译理论与实践.doc

第一章英汉文化对比与翻译有一则趣谈:一所国际公寓闹火灾,里面住有犹太人,法国人,美国人和中国人.犹太人急急忙忙先搬出的是他的保险箱,法国人先拖出的是他的情人,美国人则先抱出他的妻子,而中国人则先背出的是他的老母.一、文化的定义文化是指人类社会历史实践过程中所创造的物质财富,精神财富和相应的创造才能的总和。

文化包括物质文化与精神文化,物质文化是指文化中看得见,摸得着的那部分,因此也称之为硬文化.相对来说,精神文化就是软文化,而软文化则是文化的深层结构。

美国著名翻译理论家尤金．奈达将语言文化特性分为五类：Ecological Culture 生态文化Material Culture物质文化Social Culture社会文化Religious Culture宗教文化Linguistic Culture语言文化二.中西方文化差异（一）西方重唯理,思辩,中方重经验,直觉（二）西方的细节分析与中方的整体综合（三）中西方价值观与人生追求的不同三、文化影响翻译的表现形式:(一)词汇空缺现象（Zero of equivalent word）在一种语言里的有些词在另一种语言里没有对等或契合的词,有人称这种情况为词汇空缺(lexical gap) Salad沙拉Lost Generation迷惘的一代Beat Generation垮掉的一代Baby Boomers生育高峰儿婴儿潮一代Y uppies雅皮士Dinks丁克Sandwich Generation三明治世代Couch Potato电视迷老泡在电视机前的人；终日懒散的人Mall Rats购物狂Hippie嬉皮士功夫kongfu叩头kowtow 炕Kang太极Taichi粽子Zongzi苦力Kuli饺子jiaozi 还有一些民族文化内涵特别丰富的词语，在翻译时也必须采用释义或注释等方法，说明该词的语用含义，才能使译语读者了解原语独特的文化现象。

如：钱先生周岁时“抓周”，抓了一本书，因此得名“钟书”。

《翻译理论与实践》练习答案

一．翻译部分（汉译英部分）1. Numerous scientific studies conducted since 1939 have indicated that smoking is very harmful to health. Legislation is badly needed to ban all advertising of tobacco products as it persuades people to smoke more and so is in a large part responsible for people with deteriorating health or those who died of lung cancer.2. China’s entry into World Trade Organization (WTO. will not have a radical impact on the State enterprises despite the distressing predictions of some economists. The International Financial News said in a commentary the negative effects of entering WTO would be limited while there would be substantial benefits for the state enterprises, such as the introduction of more foreign technology.3. Actually the last fifty years was not the golden age of invention and innovation. From 1900 to 1950, human life was transformed by such invention as cars, aeroplanes, telephones, radios and television sets, not to mention nuclear weapons and the computer of course. In the recent 50 years since only a few inventions have been made, was the wellspring of invention drying up? Not likely. Indeed, a new age of invention is just beginning.4. It is of great importance to be well-informed in the modern world. Success in many fields depends on getting the latest information. At the same time, failure in policy-making often results from the lack of necessary information. Therefore, we call the current era “the information will play an increasingly important part in future society. Without information we would act like the blind and could make no further step forward..5. The well-educated university students are a treasure to any country. It is a pity that the brain drain of the talented has caused some difficulties in the development of industries in many developing countries. In these countries, engineers, scientists, managers and other professionals are badly needed. They are needed to develop the industry and economy there.6. China will develop its economy further and open itself still wider to the outside world, which offers more business opportunities to overseas enterprises. Since China’s reform and opening up, Chinese enterprises have vigorously undertaken Ecotech with overseas enterprises and scored tremendous achievements. While helping Chinese enterprises develop, overseas enterprises have also benefited from it, hence mutual benefit and all-win. The Chinese Government stands ready to continue to offer facilities and necessary conditions for closer cooperation between Chinese enterprises and their overseas counterparts.7. As specialists (experts. predict, in the near future, water will become a restriction (conditioned.factor for social economic development in many parts of China. Water degradation (Intensified water pollution. and increasing demand for water supply will, without mercy, result in the approaching of water shortage disaster. Thus, fighting against pollution and protecting water sources have become the common responsibilities of mankind as a whole.8. Culture is the best medium for people of different countries to understand each other. Through culture festivals, many cities in China have raised their prestige in the world. As has been proven that, this is one of the best ways to promote the communication between Chinese people and the people from different parts of the world. This kind of communication is not only confined to culture, but extends to economy and other fields.9. In a market economy, the crucial factor for prosperity is fair competition. But if thecompetition spins out of control, the negative effects must not be overlooked. Tremendous amounts of resources and talent will be wasted on vicious competition. In a highly competitive environment, the needs of the market usually give way to the need for competition. Hi-tech companies invest huge amounts of money into new projects. As a result, redundant products flood the market. Those who cannot grab a share of the market will suffer great losses.10. More young people get health information from the Internet than use it to ownload music,play games, or check sports scores. A new survey shows three out of four young people who use the Internet have searched for health and medical information. In face, the only activities that more young people reported participating in were emailing, school research, and finding news and entertainment information. The survey is the first to look in depth at how young people use the Internet for health purposes finds.11. China is already the world’s third largest producer o f electronics, and becoming a player inthe global appliance market. With its huge production capacity--growing by about 20 percent a year--the Chinese are relentlessly driving down global prices. Twenty years age, U.S., European and Japanese companies started moving into China to supply the local market with household goods. Now those companies are getting whipped by Chinese competitors. “We will see the emergence of globally competitive Chinese firms,” says the Brookings Institution’s Lardy.12. Green, h uman, and technological are the three main themes of Beijing’s bid for the 2008Olympic Games. Actively responding to the call of the International Olympic Committee, Beijing wants its Olympics to be the Games known for promoting environmental protection.Along with all of its citizens, through the bidding stage and hosting of the Olympic Games, Beijing’s aim is to further speed up its environmental protection plans to enhance theenvironmental quality, perfect construction of urban infrastructure, improve residents’ standard of living and promote the sustainable development of the city.13. It surely does harm to your lungs if other people smoke and you breathe it in. According tothe anticipation of American Lung Association, each year about 3,000 people who die from lung cancer are passive smokers. An investigation indicates that non-smoking women living in a smoking family environment for 40 years or still longer will have the double risk of developing lung cancer.14. The phenomenon of holiday economy demonstrates that, with an improvement of livingstandards, the consumption structure has been diversified and the consumption concept greatly changed. Traditional consumer demand for basic necessities of life has given way to leisure, comfort and development. Therefore, the structure of products should be adjusted accordingly to adapt to social development, and services should be refined to satisfy people’s demand for an improved quality of life.15. Developing a scenic spot represents the orientation of building culture. An economic flourishis not bound to bring about cultural progress. First, when people seek economic benefits, they often neglect or give up fostering the building of culture. Second, when old concepts are broken up, some people will be at a loss or go astray . Therefore, it has been an important task of society to keep a balance between economic development and cultural building.16. A national survey indicates that major tourist attractions and scenic spots nationwidereceived a total of 9.86 million visitors during October 1-7, and income from admission tickets hit 267 million yuan. During the week, 1.22 million Beijingers traveled to other places, an increase of 37 percent compared to the same period last year, and the city’s tourism income totaled 2.43 billion yuan, up 52 percent. Therefore, the seven-day holiday has been called a “golden week”.17. According to the 10th Five-Year Plan (2001-2005., the Central Government will increasetransfer payments to the western region. In the meantime, measures will be adopted to attract non-governmental and foreign capital for participation in western development and construction. Major engineering projects, such as the west-to-east power transmission, conservation and development of water resources, will provide great possibilities for rising investment demand in the coming years.18. A peaceful environment is indispensable for national, regional and even global development.Without peace or political stability, there would be no economic progress to speak of. Thishas been fully proved by both the past and the present. Peace and development are the themes of the times. People across the world should join hands in advancing the lofty cause of peace and development of mankind.19. In the past few years, important advances in computer science, artificial intelligence andmaterial science have once again raised hopes of making intelligent robots. In fact, progress toward an intelligent robot has been so convincing that many scientists are worrying publicly about the perils of robots. Whether humans are in a hopeful or precarious place, the journey here has been an intellectual challenge.20. According to incomplete statistics, there are more than 50 non-government environmentalprotection organizations in the city. They exploit their advantages to the fullest with the public, guiding local people to protect the environment and build a green home and a green community, advocating garbage segregation, holding consultation meetings, giving public lectures, calling upon people to protect wild animals and organizing environmental protection summer camp activities, etc.21. It surely does harm to your lungs if other people smoke and you breathe it in. According tothe anticipation of American Lung Association, each year about 3,000 people who die from lung cancer are passive smokers. An investigation indicates that non-smoking women living in a smoking family environment for 40 years or still longer will have the double risk of developing lung cancer.22. Culture is the best medium for people of different countries to understand each other.Through culture festivals, many cities in China have raised their prestige in the world. As has been proven that, this is one of the best ways to promote the communication between Chinese people and the people from different parts of the world. This kind of communication is not only confined to culture, but extends to economy and other fields.23. Actually the last fifty years was not the golden age of invention and innovation. From 1900to 1950, human life was transformed by such invention as cars, aeroplanes, telephones, radios and television sets, not to mention nuclear weapons and the computer of course. In the recent 50 years since only a few inventions have been made, was the wellspring of invention drying up? Not likely. Indeed, a new age of invention is just beginning.24. Over the last two decades, no country in the world has expanded its foreign trade as fast asChina. Japan took more than 20 years to double its foreign trade, while China, for the same length of time, has quadrupled its foreign trade (has increased its foreign trade by three times .. Already the world' s third largest producer of electric appliances, China is nowplaying a major role in the global market of the electric wares. China has also become a major producer of labor-intensive manufactured goods in the world.25. In order to hold the 2008 Olympic Games successfully, Beijing plans to invest 23 billion USdollars in the construction of basic facilities, It is reported that some foreign companies have noticed these business opportunities. Some American companies plan to provide products and service in the areas of telecommunication and information technology. Some British companies are also seeking business opportunities from Beijing Olympic Games.They are trying find the areas where U. K has advantages, such as the architectural technology which will not pollute the environment.26. During the 17th and 18th centuries, Chinese art, architecture and philosophy had been quiteappreciated in the west. In addition, Chinese silk, tea and porcelain had been warmlywelcomed, and had altered, to some extent, the lifestyle of many westerners. In the last part of the 20th century, the westerners focused their attention on Chinese culture again. Besides enjoying Chinese food, they learned Chinese, tried out Chinese medicine and herbs,watched gofu films.（英译汉部分）英译汉讲义答案Section One Sentence Translation1. 如何运用新的管理方式和观念来改造一个服务性企业，英航在这方面的确提供了一个范例。

《翻译理论与实践》讲义(完美版)练习与作业答案

翻译理论与实践讲义作业一。

字词的翻译一、词的理解1.一词多义：例子：wetShe had a wet nurse for the infant Elliot. 她雇了一名奶妈为艾略特喂奶。

If you think I am for him, you are all wet. 如果你认为我支持他，那你就大错特错了。

She wet her pants at the news. 听到这个消息，她吓得尿了裤子。

2.词的大小：state and revolution, 国家与革命（列宁著作）state of the union (国情咨文)the united states. 美国（联合的各州）3.词义引申：抽象化、具体化例子：every life has its roses and thorns. 每个人的生活都有甜有苦。

She stood there chewing over the strange thing. 她站在那儿仔细地琢磨这件怪事。

The engine sounds good. 那台机器听起来很正常。

At 23, he had first learned what it is to be a Negro. 他23岁时，平生第一次尝到了做黑人的滋味。

4.词的褒贬：例子：commentAlice was excited as a child, delighted to be once more the center of the comment.爱丽丝兴奋得像个小孩子似地，很高兴自己有成了谈论的中心。

But what a comment, she could not help reflecting, on her own charms.但她禁不住想到，这对她个人的魅力是多么大的讽刺啊。

He walked around the room. He then stopped and looked around, “comment” ?他在房间里走来走去，之后停下来环视着说：“谁有高见”？5.词的轻重：看词类、看场合、看句型、看习惯等等。

英语翻译理论与实践2021[试卷答案]

北京外国语大学2021年硕士研究生入学考试英语翻译理论与实践专业试题参考答案1.英译汉曝尸荒野你在城市附近的公路上见到的动物尸体大都是狗，也有少许的猫。

深入乡间，动物尸体的形状和颜色就是陌生的了。

那是些野生动物。

从车窗望去，它们残缺不全的肢体，让我们联想起土拨鼠、獾、鼬、田鼠、蛇，有时是残破到面目全非的鹿。

这景象总给人以莫名其妙的震动。

一半是突然涌来的悲悯，一半是没来由的惊讶。

见到死在大路上的动物简直就是令人震惊。

这种心灵上的伤害倒不全是因为它们死的不是地方。

不管它们死在什么地方，也不该这么触目惊心地横陈在我们面前。

你不希望看到动物陈尸在光天化日之下。

动物应该独个儿地、远远地、人不知鬼不觉地死去。

这才是它们的本性。

不该看到它们倒卧大路之上，不该看到它们死在任何地方。

万物皆有一死，但我们只觉得死是一种抽象的概念。

站在草地上、山脚下，仔细检视四周，几乎目之所接的所有东西都在死亡着，大多数东西要在你之先早早死去。

若不是你眼前一直进行着更新和取代的过程，那么，那片地方终将在你脚下变成石头和沙砾。

……动物似乎都有这样的本能：独个儿去死，在背人处死。

即使最大、最招眼的动物到时候也想法荫蔽起自己。

假如一头大象死在明处，那么，象群不会让它留在那儿。

它们会把它抬起，抬着它到处走，一直找到一个莫名其妙的适当地方再放下。

大象如遇到遗在明处的同类的骸骨，它们会有条不紊地一块块将它们捡起来，在哀思绵绵的纪念仪式中，疏散到邻近的大片荒野中。

这是自然界的奇观。

世上万物皆有死，每时每刻都在死，其数量跟每个早晨、每个春天让我们眩目的新生一样多。

但我们看到的，无非是面目全非的残肢，十月的别墅门厅里挣扎的苍蝇和公路上的残体而已。

我这一辈子一直揣着个闷葫芦：我的后院，有的是松鼠，满院都是，一年四季都在，但我从来也没在任何地方见过一只死松鼠。

2.英译汉西敏寺内的遐想每当心情沉重的时候，我总是独自一人去西敏寺教堂；那里肃穆的气氛，教堂特有的神职，庄重的建筑，在那里安息的人们的身份地位，无不给人的心里注满一种忧郁，或不妨说令人沉思，令人欣然。

翻译理论与实践课后习题问题详解

第一章翻译概论第一节中外翻译史简介四、课练习1. 东汉至唐宋时期。

2. 玄奘不仅译出了75 部佛经，而且还把老子的局部著作译成梵文，成为第一个向国外介绍汉语著作的中国人。

3. 20 世纪初的“五四〞新文化运动，开创了白话文学和白话翻译的新纪元，语言从文言正宗转为白话本位。

五四运动前后，东西方各国的优秀文学作品，特别是俄国和联的作品开始被介绍进来，《共产党宣言》等一批马克思主义著作的译文就发表在“五四〞时期，为中国后来的革命做了充分的理论和思想准备。

4. 圣经的翻译成为了西方翻译研究的重要源头之一。

5. 中外悠久的翻译历史已为我们积累了一份宝贵的文化遗产。

我们应当认真总结前人的翻译经验，借鉴吸收前人从实践中总结出的理论、方法，以便继续提高我们的翻译水平，为中外文化交流做出自己的贡献。

五、课后练习〔一〕将如下段落译成中文：一百年前的今天：一些海鸥；北卡罗来纳州杀魔山海岸警卫队的三个队员；救生站以与一些本地人，见证了威尔帕·莱特(Wilbur Wright)和奥维尔·莱特(Orville Wright)兄弟的第一次机动飞机飞行。

1903 年12 月17 日，莱特兄弟第一次用比空气重的飞行器进展了有动力的持续飞行。

1932 年，90 英尺高的杀魔山顶立起了一座60 英尺高的花岗岩纪念碑，用以纪念这两个来自俄亥俄州代顿市的梦想家。

莱特兄弟来自于美国中部。

他们有着天空般广阔的眼界，也有着十分务实的作风。

1892 年，他们在俄亥俄州的代顿开创了自己的自行车企业：莱特自行车公司。

虽然在当时世纪之交的美国，有着数不清的自行车公司，但只有一个在造轮子的同时造出了翅膀。

当莱特兄弟在1903 年最终着眼于动力载人飞行器，他们成功地使世界变小了……〔二〕将如下段落译成英文：As Jia baoyu，Xue Baoqin，Xing youyan and Ping’er had birthdays on the same day，the young ladies held a hilarious drinking party in the hall of the peony garden for them. When it was Xiangyun’s turn to pose a verse amid a drinking game，she made fun of the service maids by saying，holding a duck head in hand，“This ya tou 〔referring to the duck head in hand〕is not that ya tou 〔referring to the service maids around，as both are homophones in Chinese〕，for this ya tou has applied no hair oil….〞Everybody roared with laughter. Some service maids protested，laughing，“You made fun of us，so you have to drink another cup. Let’s pour a full cup her….〞As the party went on drinkers’games continued with ceaseless laughter and people suddenly noticed that Xiangyun had disappeared. While they looked this way and that，a service maid rushed in laughing，“Young ladies. Hurry to have a look at the Lady Xiangyun. She’s sleeping on the stone bench over there.〞The group tiptoed over，and sure enough，saw Xiangyun sleeping soundly.Fallen flowers scattered on her body，her hair and her face. Her fan had dropped on the ground aside. Bees danced in the air around her. Under her head was a make-shift pillow of peony flowers wrapped with her handkerchief. Amid laughter service girls gently woke her up and helped her-she was still mumbling something drunkenly-get inside the room.第二节翻译的定义与性质四、课练习〔一〕将如下英文译成中文：1. 海蒂读过阿瑟的信后陷入了绝望之中。

翻译理论与实践试题及答案

《翻译理论与实践》参考答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1.B2.B3.D4.B5.A6.B7.D8.C9.A 10.B二、问答题(每题15分，共30分)1. 因为严复所处时代背景是19世纪末年，他的译作的读者主要是对改良主义表示同情、但又大都厚古薄今的“文人学士”。

因此，严复认为惟有文字“典雅”才能吸引这些读者，让他们有机会了解西方的先进思想。

同时，严复本人也反对新文化运动，反对白话文。

现在的理解：不能片面追求文字“典雅”。

“雅”可以理解为“文体风格的对应”。

1.四种“语域标志”：语音层，词汇层，句子层，语段层。

举例……三、段落翻译：（50分）说习惯习惯无论好坏，总是逐渐形成的。

当一个人一而再、再而三地做同一件事时，自然就会有一种看不见的力量驱使他重复地再做这一件事，这就形成了一种习惯。

习惯一旦形成，想要动摇它就很困难，有时甚至是不可能的。

因此，对于习惯的形成，我们应该大加注意，这是很要紧的。

孩子们常常养成一些坏习惯，其中有些可能就终生保留下来。

年长者也会养成一些坏习惯，而坏习惯有时会毁了他们。

另外也有一些好习惯，如果能在年轻时加以培养，是很有好处的。

许多成功者说，他们能获得成功主要还得归功于年轻时养成的好习惯，比如守时、早起、诚实、以及做事有始有终等。

在孩子们应该避免的坏习惯中主要有草率、卤莽、懒惰、说谎、偷盗和诽谤等。

这些习惯都是人们极易沾染上的。

不幸的是，年长者也常常养成一些本该可以避免的坏习惯，例如随便发誓、纵酒、赌博以及其他一些更可怕的习惯。

我们应该远离所有这些坏习惯，同时努力培养那些于人于己都有益处的好习惯。

英语翻译硕士李长栓《非文学翻译理论与实践》考研真题

英语翻译硕士李长栓《非文学翻译理论与实践》考研真题英语翻译硕士李长栓《非文学翻译理论与实践》考研真题一、第1章翻译概述Ⅰ. 英译汉1. source language and target language【译文】译出语和译入语2. the oriental and occidental languages【译文】东方语言和西方语言3. bilingualism【译文】双语学4. stylistics【译文】文体学5. semiotics【译文】符号学6. structuralism【译文】结构主义7. constituent analysis【译文】成分分析8. phrase structure analysis【译文】短语结构分析9. semantic field【译文】语义场10. transformational-generative grammar 【译文】转换生成语法11. register【译文】语域12. discourse analysis【译文】篇章分析13. syntactic description【译文】句法描写14. Alexander Fraser Tytler【译文】亚历山大·弗雷泽·泰勒15. Georges Mounin【译文】乔治·穆南16. Feedorov【译文】费道罗夫17. Indu Dharmarakcha【译文】竺法护18. Kumara Jiva【译文】鸠摩罗什19. Paramartha(Gunarata)【译文】真谛/波罗末陀（拘那罗陀）20. Matteo Ricci【译文】利玛窦21. Euclid’s Elements【译文】《几何原本》22. La Dame aux Camelias【译文】《茶花女》23. A History of Politics(by E. Jenks)【译文】《社会通诠》（甄克思著）24. On Liberty(by J. S. Mill)【译文】《群己权界论》（约翰?穆勒著）25. An Inquiry Into the Nature and Cause of the Wealth of Nations(by A. Smith)【译文】《原富》（亚当?斯密）26. Evolution and Ethics and Other Essays(by T. H. Huxley)【译文】《天演论》（赫胥黎）27. ①idiomatic translation②loan translation③target-text oriented translation studies④mediating language（北航2017研）【译文】①地道翻译②翻译借词③目标文本型翻译研究④中介语言28. descriptive translation study（北航2018研）【译文】描述性翻译研究Ⅱ. 汉译英1. 信达雅【译文】faithfulness, expressiveness and elegance2. “宁顺而不信。

翻译理论与实践(汉译英)习题(附答案)

翻译理论与实践（汉译英）习题第一周词的选择复习思考题：翻译下列句子，注意选词：我的表不准，每天快十多分钟。

时间过得真快！情人节快到了。

这把刀很快。

参考译文：My watch doesn’t keep good time. It gains more than ten minutes a day.How time does fly!Valentine’s Day is near. Or:Valentine’s Day is at hand. Or:Valentine’s Day is drawing near.The knife is really sharp. (*The knife is swift.)第二周词语翻译技巧（词义引申）复习思考题练习：根据本节所讲进行选词1.人民现在为什么拥护我们？就是这十几年有发展。

2.由于全球气候变暖，海平面在一点点地上升。

3.改革开放也使民族精神获得了解放。

4.我们的企业应着重提高国际竞争力。

5.中国的现代化建设离不开与世界各国的经济合作与贸易往来。

6.世界科技进步和产业结构的调整，亚太地区经济的迅速增长，给我国经济发展提供了有利条件。

在我国中长期发展中，也有不可制约的因素，突出的是：……7.在1993年亚太经合组织第一次领导人非正式会议上，我曾说过，把一个什么样的世界带到二十一世纪，是我们这一代领导人必须认真思考和解决的重大问题。

环顾新世纪初的世界和亚太地区形势，可以说是有喜有忧。

8.为了进行认真细致的考察，他很少乘车坐船，几乎全靠双脚翻山越岭，长途跋涉；为了弄清大自然的真相，他总是挑选道路艰险的山区，人迹稀少的森林进行考察，发现了许多奇山秀景。

9.专家普遍认为积极的财政政策对于最近几年的经济快速增长势头起了很大作用，2003年，这一政策的实施除了应向社会保障，农村教育及基础设施倾斜以外，还应从政府投资转向民间投资。

10.这些价值观和孔子宣扬的一些思想有很多相同之处，孔子的思想强调的是中庸适度。

1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。

翻译理论与实践试题
一、选择题（在四个选项中选择一个正确答案）：20%
1. 中国古代佛经翻译家------提出了“既须求真，又须喻俗”的翻译思想。

A. 鸠摩罗什
B. 玄奘
C．安世高D。

释道安
2. 严复说的“一名之立，旬月踟躇”是指---------------------。

A. 翻译一部书要化一个月时间作准备
B 翻译一个术语往往要考虑很久
C.只有化苦功才能翻译成一部名著
D.书名的翻译颇费思量
3..下列四句，----句的表述是不正确的。

A. 鲁迅提出过“宁信而不顺”的翻译观点。

B. 马建忠主张“善译”的翻译标准。

C. 钱钟书认为文学翻译的最高标准是“化”。

D. 傅雷认为文学翻译的最高境界是“形似”。

4.下列四位翻译家中，英译《红楼梦》的是------。

A. 林语堂
B. 杨宪益
C. 杨必
D. 鲁迅
5.英国语言学家M.A.K.Halliday提出的构成语境三要素中，fields of discourse指---------------------------。

A. 交际内容
B. 交际方式
C. 交际风格
D. 交际地点
6. 多用被动语态是----------的一个比较明显的语法特点。

A. 广告英语
B. 科技英语
C. 新闻英语
D. 法律英语
7. “意译”是指译文从意义出发，要求将原文的意义正确表达出来，不必拘泥于------的形式。

A.词句
B. 词句和比喻
C. 各种修辞手段
D. 词、句、以及各种修辞手段
8.. ------翻译了莎士比亚的全部戏剧作品。

A. 朱生豪
B. 卞之琳
C. 梁实秋
D. 林语堂
9. fast, firm, secure三个同义词中，firm的正规程度介于前后两者之间，由此可以判定，它最有可能源自------。

A. 法语
B. 拉丁语
C.盎格鲁-撒克逊语
D. 德语
10. 下列四种“语体”中，--------的语言最为正规。

A. 广告英语
B. 法律英语
C. 新闻英语
D. 科技英语
二、问答题：30%
1. 为什么严复要在他的翻译标准中加上一个“雅”字？你认为现在我们应该怎样理解
这个“雅”字？
2、.我们可以通过观察哪几种“语域标志”来区别英语语言的正规程度？请举例说明其中两种。

三.、段落翻译：50%
Habits
Habits, whether good or bad, are gradually contracted. When a person does a certain thing once and again, he is impelled by same unseen force to do the same thing repeatedly; thus a habit is formed. Once a habit is formed, it is difficult, and sometimes impossible to shake off. It is therefore very important that we should exercise great care in the formation of habits. Children often form bad habits, some of which remain with them as long as they live. Older people also form bad habits, and in some cases ruined by them.
There are other habits which, when formed in early life, are great blessings. Many successful men declare that they owe much of their prosperity to the formation of certain habits in early life, such as punctuality, early rising, honesty, and thoroughness.
Among the habits which children should shun are slovenliness, rudeness, laziness, lying, stealing, and slandering. These are habits which soon fasten themselves on people. Unfortunately, older people often form habits which ought to have been avoided, such as swearing, drunkenness, gambling, and others even more dreadful.
We should keep from all these vices, and strive to acquire such habits as will prove good for ourselves and others.
《翻译理论与实践》参考答案
一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）
1.B
2.B
3.D
4.B
5.A
6.B
7.D
8.C
9.A 10.B
二、问答题(每题15分，共30分)
1. 因为严复所处时代背景是19世纪末年，他的译作的读者主要是对改良主义表示同情、但又大都厚古薄今的“文人学士”。

因此，严复认为惟有文字“典雅”才能吸引这些读者，让他们有机会了解西方的先进思想。

同时，严复本人也反对新文化运动，反对白话文。

现在的理解：不能片面追求文字“典雅”。

“雅”可以理解为“文体风格的对应”。

1.四种“语域标志”：语音层，词汇层，句子层，语段层。

举例……
三、段落翻译：（50分）
说习惯
习惯无论好坏，总是逐渐形成的。

当一个人一而再、再而三地做同一件事时，自然就会有一种看不见的力量驱使他重复地再做这一件事，这就形成了一种习惯。

习惯一旦形成，想要动摇它就很困难，有时甚至是不可能的。

因此，对于习惯的形成，我们应该大加注意，这是很要紧的。

孩子们常常养成一些坏习惯，其中有些可能就终生保留下来。

年长者也会养成一些坏习惯，而坏习惯有时会毁了他们。

另外也有一些好习惯，如果能在年轻时加以培养，是很有好处的。

许多成功者说，他们能获得成功主要还得归功于年轻时养成的好习惯，比如守时、早起、诚实、以及做事有始有终等。

在孩子们应该避免的坏习惯中主要有草率、卤莽、懒惰、说谎、偷盗和诽谤等。

这些习惯都是人们极易沾染上的。

不幸的是，年长者也常常养成一些本该可以避免的坏习惯，例如随便发誓、纵酒、赌博以及其他一些更可怕的习惯。

我们应该远离所有这些坏习惯，同时努力培养那些于人于己都有益处的好习惯。

翻译理论与实践试题及答案讲解

智慧树知到答案 翻译理论与实践(湖南中医药大学)章节测试答案

《翻译理论与实践》期末考试试卷附答案B卷

翻译理论与实践智慧树答案

翻译理论与实践考试试卷

翻译知识试题及答案解析

《翻译理论与实践》30问(附答案)

翻译理论与实践考试试卷

翻译理论与实践.doc

最新翻译理论与实践(笔译)期末复习及答案

《翻译理论与实践》练习答案

《翻译理论与实践》讲义(完美版)练习与作业答案

英语翻译理论与实践2021[试卷答案]

翻译理论与实践课后习题问题详解

翻译理论与实践试题及答案

英语翻译硕士李长栓《非文学翻译理论与实践》考研真题

翻译理论与实践(汉译英)习题(附答案)

智慧树知到答案翻译理论与实践(湖南中医药大学)章节测试答案