国际商务英语-名词解释

Lesson 1

Visible trade有形贸易: The form of commodity trade, i.e. exporting and importing goods produced or manufactured in one country for consumption or resale in another. (including cash transaction-by means of money and market, and counter trade)

Invisible trade无形贸易: The form of transportation, communication, banking, insurance, consulting, information etc. is called invisible trade or service industries.

FDI( foreign direct investments) is made of returns through controlling the enterprises or assets invested in a host country.

Portfolio investment证券投资: Purchases of foreign financial assets for a purpose other than controlling.

Stocks股票: Capital stocks or bonds.

Bonds债券: The papers issued by a government or a firm with promise to pay back the money lent or invested together with interest.

Licensing许可经营: In licensing, a firm leases the right to use its intellectual property to a firm in another country. They choose licensing because they do not have to make cash payments to stat business, and can simply receive income in the form of royalty.

Franchising特许经营: a firm called the franchisee, is allowed to operate in the name of another, called the franchiser who provides the former with trademarks, brand names, logos, and operating techniques for royalty.

Franchiser特许方: A firm who provides the franchisee with trademarks, brand names, logos and operating techniques for royalty.

Franchisee被特许方: A firm is allowed to operate in the name of another.

Management contract管理合同: Under a management contract, one company offers managerial or other specialized services to another within a particular period for a flat payment or a percentage of the relevant business volume.

Turnkey project“交钥匙”工程: a firm signs a contract with a foreign purchaser and undertakes all the designing , contracting and facility equipping before handing it over to the latter upon completion .

International investment国际投资: Supplying capital by residents of one country to another.

International business国际商务: Transaction between parties from different countries. Sometimes business across the borders of different customs areas of the same country is also regarded as import and export.

BOT is a popular variant of the turnkey project where B stands for build, O for operate and T for transfer. For a BOT project , a firm operate a facility for a period of time after bulding it up before finally transferring it to a foreign company .

Lesson 2

GNP国民生产总值: Gross national Product. The market value of goods and services produced by the property and labor owned by the residents of an economy.

GDP国内生产总值: Gross Domestic Product. The market value of all goods and services produced within the geographic area of an economy.

Per capita GDP人均国内生产总值: It is calculated by dividing its total GDP by its population, which reveals the average income level of consumers.

Income distribution收入分布: The proportions of its rich, middle income and poor people.

capability at/in cost for/of at reasonable costs levied on take into account without reference to (不针对) make efforts to engage in

Lesson 3

Free trade area自由贸易区: The members remove barriers to trade among themselves while still adopts each own external policy

Customs union关税同盟: The members remove barriers to trade among themselves and adopt the same external policy Common market共同市场: The members remove barriers not only to trade but also to factors of production and adopt the same external policy.

Economic Union (EU)经济同盟: The members remove barriers not only to trade but also to factors of production, adopt the same external policy and harmonize their taxation, government expenditure, industry policies and use the same currency.

Lesson 4