考研英语2010年考研英语翻译试题译文及解析1
2010年考研英语二真题全文翻译超详解析
2010 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(二)试题答案与解析Section I Use of English一、文章题材结构分析本文是取材于新闻报道,叙述了猪流感的爆发,产生的严重影响以及政府采取的针对性措施。
首段和第二段简述了猪流感的爆发引起世界各国的重视。
第三段引用专家的观点,认为瘟疫并不严重。
第四段和第五段以墨西哥及美国的情况为例,说明了猪流感的严重性和致命性。
第六段叙述了联邦政府针对猪流感的具体措施。
二、试题解析1.【答案】D【解析】上文提到“…was declared a global epidemic…”,根据declare 的逻辑(“宣布为”),可知应该选D 项designated“命名,制定”,而不是C 项commented“评论”,这是典型的近义词复现题目。
2.【答案】C【解析】本题目可依据“句意”找到意思线索,选出答案,难度在于出处句是个长难句。
本句的理解应该抓住alert、meeting 和a sharp rise 三者的关系,根据after a sharp rise 可知是rise(“病例数的增加”)是meeting(“日内瓦专家会议”)的原因,由此可推导出alert 并非是meeting 的原因,而是结果,即meeting 使得alert 升级。
根据上述分析可以排除B、D 选项,B 项activated“激活,激起”,D 项“促使,引起”,此两项的选择都在讲alert 导致了meeting的召开。
而C 项followed 意思是“紧随,跟在……之后”,体现出after 的逻辑,完全满足本句rise 之后是meeting,meeting 之后是alert 的逻辑,所以是正确项。
而A 项proceeded“继续”,属不及物动词,不可接宾语,用法和逻辑用在此处都不合适。
3.【答案】B【解析】本题目应该关注并列连词and,从并列呼应来看:空格后的表达in Britain…对应前面的in Australia,所以空格处rising _____ 应该对应a sharp rise in cases(“病例数的剧增”),因此空格处是“数量”的逻辑才对。
2010年考研英语二真题全文翻译超详解析
2010 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(二)试题答案与解析Section I Use of English一、文章题材结构分析本文是取材于新闻报道,叙述了猪流感的爆发,产生的严重影响以及政府采取的针对性措施。
首段和第二段简述了猪流感的爆发引起世界各国的重视。
第三段引用专家的观点,认为瘟疫并不严重。
第四段和第五段以墨西哥及美国的情况为例,说明了猪流感的严重性和致命性。
第六段叙述了联邦政府针对猪流感的具体措施。
二、试题解析1.【答案】D【解析】上文提到“…was declared a global epidemic…”,根据declare 的逻辑(“宣布为”),可知应该选D 项designated“命名,制定”,而不是C 项commented“评论”,这是典型的近义词复现题目。
2.【答案】C【解析】本题目可依据“句意”找到意思线索,选出答案,难度在于出处句是个长难句。
本句的理解应该抓住alert、meeting 和a sharp rise 三者的关系,根据after a sharp rise 可知是rise(“病例数的增加”)是meeting(“日内瓦专家会议”)的原因,由此可推导出alert 并非是meeting 的原因,而是结果,即meeting 使得alert 升级。
根据上述分析可以排除B、D 选项,B 项activated“激活,激起”,D 项“促使,引起”,此两项的选择都在讲alert 导致了meeting的召开。
而C 项followed 意思是“紧随,跟在……之后”,体现出after 的逻辑,完全满足本句rise 之后是meeting,meeting 之后是alert 的逻辑,所以是正确项。
而A 项proceeded“继续”,属不及物动词,不可接宾语,用法和逻辑用在此处都不合适。
3.【答案】B【解析】本题目应该关注并列连词and,从并列呼应来看:空格后的表达in Britain…对应前面的in Australia,所以空格处rising _____ 应该对应a sharp rise in cases(“病例数的剧增”),因此空格处是“数量”的逻辑才对。
2010年考研英语二真题全文翻 译答案超详解析
2010 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(二)试题答案与解析Section I Use of English一、文章题材结构分析本文是取材于新闻报道,叙述了猪流感的爆发,产生的严重影响以及政府采取的针对性措施。
首段和第二段简述了猪流感的爆发引起世界各国的重视。
第三段引用专家的观点,认为瘟疫并不严重。
第四段和第五段以墨西哥及美国的情况为例,说明了猪流感的严重性和致命性。
第六段叙述了联邦政府针对猪流感的具体措施。
二、试题解析1.【答案】D【解析】上文提到“… was declared a global epidemic…”,根据 declare 的逻辑(“宣布为”),可知应该选 D 项designated“命名,制定”,而不是 C 项 commented“评论”,这是典型的近义词复现题目。
2.【答案】C【解析】本题目可依据“句意”找到意思线索,选出答案,难度在于出处句是个长难句。
本句的理解应该抓住 alert、meeting 和 a sharp rise 三者的关系,根据after a sharp rise 可知是rise(“病例数的增加”)是 meeting(“日内瓦专家会议”)的原因,由此可推导出alert 并非是meeting 的原因,而是结果,即 meeting 使得 alert 升级。
根据上述分析可以排除B、D 选项,B 项activated“激活,激起”,D 项“促使,引起”,此两项的选择都在讲 alert 导致了 meeting的召开。
而C 项followed 意思是“紧随,跟在……之后”,体现出after 的逻辑,完全满足本句 rise 之后是 meeting,meeting 之后是alert 的逻辑,所以是正确项。
而 A 项proceeded“继续”,属不及物动词,不可接宾语,用法和逻辑用在此处都不合适。
3.【答案】B【解析】本题目应该关注并列连词and,从并列呼应来看:空格后的表达 in Britain…对应前面的 in Australia,所以空格处 rising _____ 应该对应 a sharp rise in cases(“病例数的剧增”),因此空格处是“数量”的逻辑才对。
2010年英语一真题翻译
2010年全国硕士研究生入学考试英语(一)试题文章翻译Section I Use of English1924年美国国家调查委员会派出两名工程师监督在芝加哥附近的霍桑工厂的电话配件生产车间进行实验。
实验旨在了解车间照明是否影响工人的生产效率。
研究最终总结为一个极具影响力的概念——“霍桑效应”,也正是实验所研究的行为改变了工人们的表现。
这种观点之所以产生是因为工厂的女工令人困惑的行为。
根据实验的描述,当灯光变亮或者变暗时,工人每小时的产量都有所提高。
至于实验中做了什么并不重要;只要改变了条件,产量就有所提高。
工人知道自己本身是被研究对象——这一意识就足以改变他们的行为。
几十年后,同样的数据也被应用在计量经济学分析中。
霍桑试验在仓储业方面有了另一个令人惊奇的结果。
和记录的描述相反,〖JP+2〗并没有发现系统的证据来证明生产力水平与照明变化有关。
〖JP〗 结果表明,实验中使用的特别方法或许会误导对实验室数据的解释。
举例来说,周日对照明进行改变。
周一再工作时,产量与上周六相比有所提高,这一趋势将会持续几日。
然而,通过对没有做实验前的几周数据对比发现,周一的产量总是提高。
工人们无论在什么状况下在一周的最初几日工作非常勤快,然后就到达平稳水平,最后又懈怠下来。
这表明所谓的“霍桑效应”是很难确定的。
Section II Reading ComprehensionPart AText 1在过去的25年里发生在英语报纸上的所有变化中,或许最具有深远意义的就是艺术评论报道范围缩小和严肃性上的降低。
年龄在40岁以下的普通读者无法想象那样一个能够在大部分的大城市报纸上找到高质量的文艺评论的时代。
然而,发表在20世纪的大量的评论集是由大量报纸评论所组成。
如今去读这种书籍会使人们对这样一种事实感到大为惊讶,那就是这些广博的内容曾经被人们认为很适合刊登在面向大众的日报上。
我们离20世纪初期和二战前夕期间在英国发表的东拉西扯的报纸评论甚至更远,当时,新闻用纸非常便宜,而且时髦的文艺评论被认为是一种对刊登这种内容的出版物的装饰。
2010英语考研真题解释
2010年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语真题答案及详解Section I Use of English1.A解析:A项 affect 意思是“影响,感动”; B项 achieve意思是“达成,完成”; C 项extract意思是“提取,榨出”;D项restore是“恢复,重建”. 这句话的意思是:他们想通过实验探究车间照明是如何影响工人的生产率的,所以答案是A。
2.B解析:本题考查了固定短语end up 的用法,end up 意思是“最终成为……”,end 和其它三个介词的搭配都无此意,故选B。
3.C解析:本句的大意为:研究最终总结为一个极具影响力的概念—“霍桑效应”,也正是实验所研究的行为改变了工人们的表现。
所以这里应选择C。
4.B解析:作者这里表达的意思是这个问题之所以引起大家的注意是因为工厂女工的行为令人费解。
四个选项中perplexing意为“令人费解的”,所以正确答案为B。
5.C解析:本句的含义是:根据研究描述,当照明灯变亮或变暗时,工人的时产量就会提高。
四个选项中有描述含义的是C项 accounts。
6.B解析:这句话的意思是:实验中做什么并不重要。
Do not matter 固定表达,故选B。
7.D解析:考查so long as 短语,意思是“只有”,句子意思是:只要有改变,生产率就会上升。
8.A解析:A项awareness 意思是“意识”,B项expectation意为“期望”,C项sentiment 意为“”观点,意见,D项illusion 为“幻觉”,本句的大意是说:工人知到自己本身是被研究对象-这一意识就足以改变他们的行为。
所以选A。
9.C解析:见第8题解析。
10.D解析:见第8题解析。
11.C解析:be subjected to表示“服从于,与……一致’,为固定短语。
12.A解析:contrary to表示“与…相反“。
根据语境提示,空白处需要填写一个能表示转折意味的链接词。
2010年考研英语真题及解析(1)
2010年考研英语真题及解析(1)一、阅读理解Passage 1题目In every age, humans have felt compelled to follow fashion. We do it for different reasons, according to who we are and who we want to be. The trend-following masses, driven by their need to fit in and be accepted, are easily taken in. Like sheep, they follow the leader to the next trendy diet, fashion, or craze. But, once in a while, a computer scientist gets into the fashion business. And then things get interesting.解析This passage discusses the phenomenon of trend-following and the influence of computer scientists in the fashion industry. The author points out that people follow fashion for various reasons, such as the need to fit in and be accepted. However, when a computer scientist enters the fashion business, it brings a new perspective to the industry.Passage 2题目It is often said that swimming is the best exercise. And rightly so. When you swim you use all the body’s muscles and you keep them working. Scientists and doctors say the advantages of swimming over exercising on land are many. One is that the water supports your body weight, so there is no strain on your joints and muscles. Working out in the water gives you even more muscle tone than exercising on land with the same amount of effort. Also, exercising in water is especially good for people with arthritis(关节炎) and muscular problems because the muscle resistance of the water helps to build up your muscles without pain or strain. So, even if you have been away from exercising for a long time or have health problems that prevent exercising on land, swimming is wonderful exercise.解析This passage discusses the benefits of swimming as an exercise. The author states that swimming utilizes all the body’s muscles and keeps them working. The water supports the body weight, reducing strain on the joints and muscles. Exercising in water also allows for more muscle tone compared to land exercises with the same effort. The author highlights that swimming is especially beneficial for people with arthritis and muscul ar problems because the water’s resistance helps build muscles without pain or strain.二、翻译原文China has a long history of tea drinking, tracing back to the Tang Dynasty more than 1,000 years ago. China is the largest producer and consumer of tea in the world. The Chinese tea ceremony is an important part of Chinese culture, emphasizing the art of preparing and serving tea. There are different types of Chinese tea, including green tea, black tea, oolong tea, and white tea. Each type has its unique flavor and health benefits. Green tea is known for its antioxidants and aiding in weight loss, while black tea is believed to improve heart health. Oolong tea is known for its distinctive fragrance and taste, and white tea is valued for its delicate flavor.解析茶叶饮用在中国有着悠久的历史,可以追溯到1000多年前的唐代。
2010年考研英语(一)阅读理解全文翻译及解析
Text 1①Of all the changes that have taken place in English-language newspapers during the past quarter-century, perhaps the most far-reaching has been the inexorable decline in the scope and seriousness of their arts coverage.①It is difficult to the point of impossibility for the average reader under the age of forty to imagine a time when high-quality arts criticism could be found in most big-city newspapers. ②Yet a considerable number of the most significant collections of criticism published in the 20th century consisted in large part of newspaper reviews. ③To read such books today is to marvel at the fact that their learned contents were once deemed suitable for publication in general-circulation dailies.① We are even farther removed from the unfocused newspaper reviews published in England between the turn of the 20th century and the eve of World War 2,at a time when newsprint was dirt-cheap and stylish arts criticism was considered an ornament to the publications in which it appeared. ②In those far-off days, it was taken for granted that the critics of major papers would write in detail and at length about the events they covered. ③Theirs was a serious business. and even those reviews who wore their learning lightly, like George Bernard Shaw and Ernest Newman, could be trusted to know what they were about. ④These men believed in journalism as a calling, and were proud to be published in the daily press. ⑤So few authors have brains enough or literary gift enough to keep their own end up in ournalism,Newman wrote, "that I am tempted to define "journalism" as "a term of contempt applied by writers who are not read to writers who are".①Unfortunately, these critics are virtually forgotten. ②Neville Cardus, who wrote for the Manchester Guardian from 1917 until shortly before his death in 1975, is now known solely as a writer of essays on the game of cricket. ③During his lifetime, though, he was also one of England's foremost classical-music critics, and a stylist so widely admired that his Autobiography (1947) became a best-seller. ④He was knighted in 1967, the first music critic to be so honored.⑤Yet only one of his books is now in print, and his vast body of writings on music is unknown save to specialists.①Is there any chance that Cardus's criticism will enjoy a revival? ②The prospect seems remote.③Journalistic tastes had changed long before his death, and postmodern readers have little use for the richly uphostered Vicwardian prose in which he specialized. ④Moreover,the amateur tradition in music criticism has been in headlong retreat.全文翻译:在过去的25 年英语报纸所发生的变化中,影响最深远的可能就是它们对艺术方面的报道在范围上毫无疑问的缩小了,而且这些报道的严肃程度也绝对降低了。
2010年考研英语真题及解析
14.[A] disputable [B] enlightening [C] reliable [D] misleading15.[A] In contrast [B] For example [C] In consequence[D] As usual16.[A] duly [B] accidentally [C] unpredictably [D] suddenly17.[A] failed [B] ceased [C] started [D] continued18.[A] Therefore [B] Furthermore [C] However [D] Meanwhile19.[A] attempted [B] tended [C] chose [D] intended20.[A] breaking [B] climbing [C] surpassing [D] hittingSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing [A], [B], [C] or [D]. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text 1Of all the changes that have taken place in English-language newspapers during the past quarter-century, perhaps the most far-reaching has been the inexorable decline in the scope and seriousness of their arts coverage.It is difficult to the point of impossibility for the average reader under the age of forty to imagine a time when high-quality arts criticism could be found in most big-city newspapers. Yet a considerable number of the most significant collections of criticism published in the 20th century consisted in large part of newspaper reviews. Toread such books today is to marvel at the fact that their learned contents were once deemed suitable for publication in general-circulation dailies.We are even farther removed from the unfocused newspaper reviews published in England between the turn of the 20th century and the eve of World War II, at a time when newsprint was dirt-cheap and stylish arts criticism was considered an ornament to the publications in which it appeared. In those far-off days, it was taken for granted that the critics of major papers would write in detail and at length about the events they covered. Theirs was a serious business, and even those reviewers who wore their learning lightly, like George Bernard Shaw and Ernest Newman, could be trusted to know what they were about. These men believed in journalism as a calling, and were proud to be published in the daily press. “So few authors have brains enough or literary gift enough to keep their own end up in journalism,” Newman wrote, “that I am tempted to define ‘journalism’ as ‘a term of contempt applied by writers who are not read to writers who are.’”Unfortunately, these critics are virtually forgotten. Neville Cardus, who wrote for the Manchester Guardian from 1917 until shortly before his death in 1975, is now known solely as a writer of essays on the game of cricket. During his lifetime, though, he was also one of En gland’s foremost classical-music critics, a stylist so widely admired that his Autobiography (1947) became a best-seller. He was knighted in 1967, the first music critic to be so honored. Yet only one of his books is now in print, and his vast body of writings on music is unknown save to specialists.Is there any chance that Cardus’s criticism will enjoy a revival? The prospectseems remote. Journalistic tastes had changed long before his death, and postmodern readers have little use for the richly upholstered Vicwardian prose in which he specialized. Moreover, the amateur tradition in music criticism has been in headlong retreat.21. It is indicated in Paragraphs 1 and 2 that .[A] arts criticism has disappeared from big-city newspapers[B] English-language newspapers used to carry more arts reviews[C] high-quality newspapers retain a large body of readers[D] young readers doubt the suitability of criticism on dailies22. Newspaper reviews in England before World War II were characterized by .[A] free themes[B] casual style[C] elaborate layout[D] radical viewpoints23. Which of the following would Shaw and Newman most probably agree on?[A] It is writers’ duty to fulfill journalistic goals.[B] It is contemptible for writers to be journalists.[C] Writers are likely to be tempted into journalism.[D] Not all writers are capable of journalistic writing.24. What can be learned about Cardus according to the last two paragraphs?[A] His music criticism may not appeal to readers today.[B] His reputation as a music critic has long been in dispute.[C] His style caters largely to modern specialists.[D] His writings fail to follow the amateur tradition.25. What would be the best title for the text?[A] Newspapers of the Good Old Days[B] The Lost Horizon in Newspapers[C] Mournful Decline of Journalism[D] Prominent Critics in MemoryText 2Over the past decade, thousands of patents have been granted for what are called business methods. received one for its "one-click" online payment system. Merrill Lynch got legal protection for an asset allocation strategy. One inventor patented a technique for lifting a box.Now the nation's top patent court appears completely ready to scale back on business-method patents, which have been controversial ever since they were first authorized 10 years ago. In a move that has intellectual-property lawyers abuzz the U.S. court of Appeals for the federal circuit said it would use a particular case to conduct a broad review of business-method patents. In re Bilski, as the case is known , is "a very big deal", says Dennis D. Crouch of the University of Missouri School of law. It "has the potential to eliminate an entire class of patents."Curbs on business-method claims would be a dramatic about-face, because it was the federal circuit itself that introduced such patents with is 1998 decision in theso-called state Street Bank case, approving a patent on a way of pooling mutual-fund assets. That ruling produced an explosion in business-method patent filings, initially by emerging internet companies trying to stake out exclusive rights to specific types of online transactions. Later, move established companies raced to add such patents to their files, if only as a defensive move against rivals that might beat them to the punch. In 2005, IBM noted in a court filing that it had been issued more than 300 business-method patents despite the fact that it questioned the legal basis for granting them. Similarly, some Wall Street investment films armed themselves with patents for financial products, even as they took positions in court cases opposing the practice.The Bilski case involves a claimed patent on a method for hedging risk in the energy market. The Federal circuit issued an unusual order stating that the case would be heard by all 12 of the court's judges, rather than a typical panel of three, and that one issue it wants to evaluate is whether it should "reconsider" its state street Bank ruling.The Federal Circuit's action comes in the wake of a series of recent decisions by the supreme Court that has narrowed the scope of protections for patent holders. Last April, for example the justices signaled that too many patents were being upheld for "inventions" that are obvious. The judges on the Federal circuit are "reacting to the anti-patent trend at the Supreme Court", says Harold C. Wegner, a patent attorney and professor at George Washington University Law School.26. Business-method patents have recently aroused concern because of.[A] their limited value to business[B] their connection with asset allocation[C] the possible restriction on their granting[D] the controversy over authorization27. Which of the following is true of the Bilski case?[A] Its ruling complies with the court decisions.[B] It involves a very big business transaction.[C] It has been dismissed by the Federal Circuit.[D] It may change the legal practices in the U.S..28. The word “about-face” (Line 1, Para 3) most probably means.[A] loss of good will[B] increase of hostility[C] change of attitude[D] enhancement of dignity29. We learn from the last two paragraphs that business-method patents.[A] are immune to legal challenges[B] are often unnecessarily issued[C] lower the esteem for patent holders[D] increase the incidence of risks30. Which of the following would be the subject of the text?[A] A looming threat to business-method patents[B] Protection for business-method patent holders[C] A legal case regarding business-method patents[D] A prevailing trend against business-method patentsText 3In his book The Tipping Point, Malcolm Gladwell argues that social epidemics are driven in large part by the acting of a tiny minority of special individuals, often called influentials, who are unusually informed, persuasive, or well-connected. The idea is intuitively compelling, but it doesn't explain how ideas actually spread.The supposed importance of influentials derives from a plausible sounding but largely untested theory called the "two step flow of communication": Information flows from the media to the influentials and from them to everyone else. Marketers have embraced the two-step flow because it suggests that if they can just find and influence the influentials, those selected people will do most of the work for them. The theory also seems to explain the sudden and unexpected popularity of certain looks, brands, or neighborhoods. In many such cases, a cursory search for causes finds that some small group of people was wearing, promoting, or developing whatever it is before anyone else paid attention. Anecdotal evidence of this kind fits nicely with the idea that only certain special people can drive trendsIn their recent work, however, some researchers have come up with the finding that influentials have far less impact on social epidemics than is generally supposed. In fact, they don't seem to be required of all.The researchers' argument stems from a simple observing about social influence, with the exception of a few celebrities like Oprah Winfrey—whose outsize presence isprimarily a function of media, not interpersonal, influence—even the most influential members of a population simply don't interact with that many others. Yet it is precisely these non-celebrity influentials who, according to the two-step-flow theory, are supposed to drive social epidemics by influencing their friends and colleagues directly. For a social epidemic to occur, however, each person so affected, must then influence his or her own acquaintances, who must in turn influence theirs, and so on; and just how many others pay attention to each of these people has little to do with the initial influential. If people in the network just two degrees removed from the initial influential prove resistant, for example from the initial influential prove resistant, for example the cascade of change won't propagate very far or affect many people.Building on the basic truth about interpersonal influence, the researchers studied the dynamics of populations by conducting thousands of computer simulations of populations, manipulati ng a number of variables relating to people’s ability to influence others and their tendency to be influenced. They found that the principal requirement for what is called “global cascades”—the widespread propagation of influence through networks—is the presence not of a few influentials but, rather, of a critical mass of easily influenced people.31. By citing the book The Tipping Point, the author intends to .[A]analyze the consequences of social epidemics[B]discuss influentials’ function in spreading i deas[C]exemplify people’s intuitive response to social epidemics[D]describe the essential characteristics of influentials32. The author suggests that the “two-step-flow theory” .[A]serves as a solution to marketing problems[B]has helped explain certain prevalent trends[C]has won support from influentials[D]requires solid evidence for its validity33.What the researchers have observed recently shows that .[A] the power of influence goes with social interactions[B] interpersonal links can be enhanced through the media[C] influentials have more channels to reach the public[D] most celebrities enjoy wide media attention34. The underlined phrase “these people” in Paragraph 4 refers to the ones who .[A] stay outside the network of social influence[B] have little contact with the source of influence[C] are influenced and then influence others[D] are influenced by the initial influential35. What is the essential element in the dynamics of social influence?[A]The eagerness to be accepted.[B]The impulse to influence others.[C]The readiness to be influenced.[D]The inclination to rely on others.Text 4Bankers have been blaming themselves for their troubles in public. Behind the scenes, they have been taking aim at someone else: the accounting standard-setters. Their rules, moan the banks, have forced them to report enormous losses, and it's just not fair. These rules say they must value some assets at the price a third party would pay, not the price managers and regulators would like them to fetch.Unfortunately, banks' lobbying now seems to be working. The details may be unknowable, but the independence of standard-setters, essential to the proper functioning of capital markets, is being compromised. And, unless banks carry toxic assets at prices that attract buyers, reviving the banking system will be difficult.After a bruising encounter with Congress, America's Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) rushed through rule changes. These gave banks more freedom to use models to value illiquid assets and more flexibility in recognizing losses on long-term assets in their income statement. Bob Herz, the FASB's chairman, cried out against those who "question our motives." Yet bank shares rose and the changes enhance what one lobby group politely calls "the use of judgment by management."European ministers instantly demanded that the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) do likewise. The IASB says it does not want to act without overall planning, but the pressure to fold when it completes it reconstruction of rules later this year is strong. Charlie McCreevy, a European commissioner, warned the IASB that it did "not live in a political vacuum" but "in the real word" and that Europe could yet develop different rules.It was banks that were on the wrong planet, with accounts that vastly overvalued assets. Today they argue that market prices overstate losses, because they largely reflect the temporary illiquidity of markets, not the likely extent of bad debts. The truth will not be known for years. But bank's shares trade below their book value, suggesting that investors are skeptical. And dead markets partly reflect the paralysis of banks which will not sell assets for fear of booking losses, yet are reluctant to buy all those supposed bargains.To get the system working again, losses must be recognized and dealt with. America's new plan to buy up toxic assets will not work unless banks mark assets to levels which buyers find attractive. Successful markets require independent and even combative standard-setters. The FASB and IASB have been exactly that, cleaning up rules on stock options and pensions, for example, against hostility from special interests. But by giving in to critics now they are inviting pressure to make more concessions.36. Bankers complained that they were forced to .[A] follow unfavorable asset evaluation rules[B]collect payments from third parties[C]cooperate with the price managers[D]reevaluate some of their assets37. According to the author, the rule changes of the FASB may result in .[A]the diminishing role of management[B]the revival of the banking system[C]the banks’ long-term asset losses[D]the weakening of its independence38. According to Paragraph 4, McCreevy objects to the IASB’s attempt to .[A]keep away from political influences[B]evade the pressure from their peers[C]act on their own in rule-setting[D]take gradual measures in reform39. The author thinks the banks were “on the wrong planet” in that they .[A]misinterpreted market price indicators[B]exaggerated the real value of their assets[C]neglected the likely existence of bad debts[D]denied booking losses in their sale of assets40. The author’s attitude towards standard-setters is one of .[A]satisfaction[B]skepticism[C]objectiveness[D]sympathyPart BDirections:For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable paragraphs from the list A-G and fill them into the numbered boxes to form a coherent text. Paragraph E has beencorrectly placed. There is one paragraph which does not fit in with the text. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET1. (10 points)[A] The first and more important is the consumer's growing preference for eating out; the consumption of food and drink in places other than homes has risen from about 32 percent of total consumption in 1995 to 35 percent in 2000 and is expected to approach 38 percent by 2005. This development is boosting wholesale demand from the food service segment by 4 to 5 percent a year across Europe, compared with growth in retail demand of 1 to 2 percent. Meanwhile, as the recession is looming large, people are getting anxious. They tend to keep a tighter hold on their purse and consider eating at home a realistic alternative.[B] Retail sales of food and drink in Europe's largest markets are at a standstill, leaving European grocery retailers hungry for opportunities to grow. Most leading retailers have already tried e-commerce, with limited success, and expansion abroad. But almost all have ignored the big, profitable opportunity in their own backyard: the wholesale food and drink trade, which appears to be just the kind of market retailers need.[C] Will such variations bring about a change in the overall structure of the food and drink market? Definitely not. The functioning of the market is based on flexible trends dominated by potential buyers. In other words, it is up to the buyer, rather than the seller, to decide what to buy .At any rate, this change will ultimately be acclaimed by an ever-growing number of both domestic and international consumers, regardlessof how long the current consumer pattern will take hold.[D] All in all, this clearly seems to be a market in which big retailers could profitably apply their scale, existing infrastructure and proven skills in the management of product ranges, logistics, and marketing intelligence. Retailers that master the intricacies of wholesaling in Europe may well expect to rake in substantial profits thereby. At least, that is how it looks as a whole. Closer inspection reveals important differences among the biggest national markets, especially in their customer segments and wholesale structures, as well as the competitive dynamics of individual food and drink categories. Big retailers must understand these differences before they can identify the segments of European wholesaling in which their particular abilities might unseat smaller but entrenched competitors. New skills and unfamiliar business models are needed too.[E] Despite variations in detail, wholesale markets in the countries that have been closely examined—France, Germany, Italy, and Spain—are made out of the same building blocks. Demand comes mainly from two sources: independent mom-and-pop grocery stores which, unlike large retail chains, are two small to buy straight from producers, and food service operators that cater to consumers when they don't eat at home. Such food service operators range from snack machines to large institutional catering ventures, but most of these businesses are known in the trade as "horeca": hotels, restaurants, and cafes. Overall, Europe's wholesale market for food and drink is growing at the same sluggish pace as the retail market, but the figures, when added together, mask two opposing trends.Section ⅢWritingPart A51. Directions:You are supposed to write for the postgraduate association a notice to recruit volunteers for an international conference on globalization, you should conclude the basic qualification of applicant and the other information you think relative.You should write about 100 words. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use "postgraduate association" instead.Part B52. Directions:Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should1) describe the drawing briefly,2) explain its intended meaning, and then3) give your comments.You should write neatly on ANSHWER SHEET 2. (20 points)2010年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语(一)答案详解Section I Use of English一、文章题材结构分析本文选自2009年6月22日The Economist《经济学人》,原文标题是Questioning the Hawthorne Effect(《质疑“霍桑效应”》的文章。
2010年考研英语二真题全文翻译答案超详解析
2010 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(二)试题答案与解析Section I Use of English一、文章题材结构分析本文是取材于新闻报道,叙述了猪流感的爆发,产生的严重影响以及政府采取的针对性措施。
首段和第二段简述了猪流感的爆发引起世界各国的重视。
第三段引用专家的观点,认为瘟疫并不严重。
第四段和第五段以墨西哥及美国的情况为例,说明了猪流感的严重性和致命性。
第六段叙述了联邦政府针对猪流感的具体措施。
二、试题解析1.【答案】D【解析】上文提到“…was declared a global epidemic…”,根据declare 的逻辑(“宣布为”),可知应该选D 项designated“命名,制定”,而不是C 项commented“评论”,这是典型的近义词复现题目。
2.【答案】C【解析】本题目可依据“句意”找到意思线索,选出答案,难度在于出处句是个长难句。
本句的理解应该抓住alert、meeting 和a sharp rise 三者的关系,根据after a sharp rise 可知是rise(“病例数的增加”)是meeting(“日内瓦专家会议”)的原因,由此可推导出alert 并非是meeting 的原因,而是结果,即meeting 使得alert 升级。
根据上述分析可以排除B、D 选项,B 项activated“激活,激起”,D 项“促使,引起”,此两项的选择都在讲alert 导致了meeting的召开。
而C 项followed 意思是“紧随,跟在……之后”,体现出after 的逻辑,完全满足本句rise 之后是meeting,meeting 之后是alert 的逻辑,所以是正确项。
而A 项proceeded“继续”,属不及物动词,不可接宾语,用法和逻辑用在此处都不合适。
3.【答案】B【解析】本题目应该关注并列连词and,从并列呼应来看:空格后的表达in Britain…对应前面的in Australia,所以空格处rising _____ 应该对应a sharp rise in cases(“病例数的剧增”),因此空格处是“数量”的逻辑才对。
2010年考研英语阅读理解第一篇全文翻译及分析
忠告:想要把考研英语考好,不在考场上⼼理崩盘,只有详细研究真题和精读外刊,否则绝⼤部分考⽣对⽂章的理解注定是只⾔⽚语和模糊不清的,⽽考研英语强调的是精细、精确地理解。
很多学⽣反映看不懂外刊,但是如果我们不在平时崩盘,那么就会在考试时崩溃。
请⼤家仔细体会我们的忠告! (1)①Of all the changes that have taken place in English-language newspapers during the past quarter-century, perhaps the most far-reaching has been the inexorable decline in the scope and seriousness of their arts coverage. ②Not only have many newspapers done away with their book-review sections, but several major papers, including the Chicago Sun-Times and the Minneapolis Star-Tribune, no longer employ full-time classical-music critics. ③Even those papers that continue to review fine-arts events are devoting less space to them, while the “think pieces” on cultural subjects that once graced the pages of big-city Sunday papers are becoming a thing of the past。
[译⽂] 过去的25年,在英⽂报纸发⽣的所有变化中,或许有深远意义的变化就是这些报纸⽂艺报道的范围在缩⼩,严肃性在减弱,势头不可阻挡。
2010年考研英语(一)阅读理解全文翻译及解析(2)
T ext 1①Of all the change s that have takenplacein Englis h-langua ge newspa persduring the past quarte r-centur y, perhap s the most far-reachi ng has been the inexor abledeclin e in the scopeand seriou sness of theirarts covera ge.①It is diffic ult to the pointof imposs ibili ty for the averag e reader underthe age of fortyto imagin e a time when high-qualit y arts critic ism couldbe foundin most big-city newspa pers.②Yet a consid erabl e number of the most signif icant collec tions of critic ism publis hed in the 20th centur y consis ted in largepart of newspa per review s. ③ To read such bookstodayis to marvel at the fact that theirlearne d conten ts were once deemed suitab le for public ation in genera l-circul ation dailie s.① We are even farthe r remove d from the unfocu sed newspa per review s publis hed in Englan d betwee n the turn of the 20th centur y and the eve of WorldWar 2,at a time when newspr int was dirt-cheapand stylis h arts critic ism was consid eredan orname nt to the public ation s in whichit appear ed. ②In thosefar-off days, it was takenfor grante d that the critic s of majorpapers wouldwritein detail and at length aboutthe events they covere d. ③Theirs was a seriou s busine ss. and even thosereview s who wore theirlearni ng lightl y, like George Bernar d Shaw and Ernest Newman, couldbe truste d to know what they were about.④Thesemen believ ed in journa lismas a callin g, and were proudto be publis hed in the dailypress.⑤So few author s have brains enough or litera ry gift enough to keep theirown end up in ournal ism,Newman wrote, "that I am tempte d to define "journa lism" as "a term of contem pt applie d by writer s who are not read to writer s who are".①Unfort unate ly, thesecritic s are virtua lly forgot ten. ②Nevill e Cardus, who wrotefor the Manche sterGuardi an from 1917 untilshortl y before his deathin 1975, is now knownsolely as a writer of essays on the game of cricke t. ③During his lifeti me, though, he was also one of Englan d's foremo st classi cal-musiccritic s, and a stylis t so widely admire d that his Autobi ograp hy (1947) became a best-seller. ④He was knight ed in 1967, the firstmusiccritic to be so honore d.⑤Yet only one of his booksis now in print, and his vast body of writin gs on musicis unknow n save to specia lists.①Is thereany chance that Cardus's critic ism will enjoya reviva l? ②The prospe ct seemsremote.③Journa listi c tastes had change d long before his death, and postmo dernreader s have little use for the richly uphost eredVicwar dianprosein whichhe specia lized. ④Moreov er,the amateu r tradit ion in musiccritic ism has been in headlo ng retrea t.全文翻译:在过去的25 年英语报纸所发生的变化中,影响最深远的可能就是它们对艺术方面的报道在范围上毫无疑问的缩小了,而且这些报道的严肃程度也绝对降低了。
2010年考研英语一真题答案及解析
12.[A] Contrary to 与……相反
[B] Consistent with 与……一致
[C] Parallel with 与……平行
[D] Peculiar to 是……特有的;是……独有的
【答案】 A
【考点】上下文语义衔接+短语辨析
【解析】根据本空之前的句子,“霍桑实验还有另外一个让人意想不到的结果”得知,下面所说的内容应该是
所以 D 也不符合题意。而 end up doing sth.表示“最终达到某种状态或采取某种行动(尤指经过一个漫长的过程)”。
填入空白处后,句子的意思为:这些研究最终以得到一个被冠之以“霍桑效应”的结论而告终。故本题选 B。
3.[A] truth 事实
[B] sight 景象;视觉;视野 [C] act 行为;做法;行动 [D] proof 证据;证明
[B] (end) up 最终成为/达到 [C] (end ) with 以……结束
[D] (end) off 完结;完成
【答案】B
【考点】动词搭配
【解析】首先可排除 A,因为 end 和 at 不能形成固定搭配;end with 意为“以……告终”,后常接名词或名词词组,
比如 Life does not end with death,故排除 C;end 与 off 连用时,结构为 end sth. off“妥当或顺利地结束某事物”,
subject’s behavior;of being experimented upon 作本题所填词的定语。根据上下文的语义可知,C 为本题正确答
案。本题所在的部分大意为:这个十分具有影响力的结论认为,仅仅是被试验这一行为就足以使实验客体的表
现发生变化。其它三项,从语法上都能与 of being experimented upon 连用,但放入空中语义不通,故 C 为正确
2010年考研英语(一)阅读理解全文翻译及解析
Text 1①Of all the changes that have taken place in English-language newspapers during the past quarter-century, perhaps the most far-reaching has been the inexorable decline in the scope and seriousness of their arts coverage.①It is difficult to the point of impossibility for the average reader under the age of forty to imagine a time when high-quality arts criticism could be found in most big-city newspapers. ②Yet a considerable number of the most significant collections of criticism published in the 20th century consisted in large part of newspaper reviews. ③To read such books today is to marvel at the fact that their learned contents were once deemed suitable for publication in general-circulation dailies.① We are even farther removed from the unfocused newspaper reviews published in England between the turn of the 20th century and the eve of World War 2,at a time when newsprint was dirt-cheap and stylish arts criticism was considered an ornament to the publications in which it appeared. ②In those far-off days, it was taken for granted that the critics of major papers would write in detail and at length about the events they covered. ③Theirs was a serious business. and even those reviews who wore their learning lightly, like George Bernard Shaw and Ernest Newman, could be trusted to know what they were about. ④These men believed in journalism as a calling, and were proud to be published in the daily press. ⑤So few authors have brains enough or literary gift enough to keep their own end up in ournalism,Newman wrote, "that I am tempted to define "journalism" as "a term of contempt applied by writers who are not read to writers who are".①Unfortunately, these critics are virtually forgotten. ②Neville Cardus, who wrote for the Manchester Guardian from 1917 until shortly before his death in 1975, is now known solely as a writer of essays on the game of cricket. ③During his lifetime, though, he was also one of England's foremost classical-music critics, and a stylist so widely admired that his Autobiography (1947) became a best-seller. ④He was knighted in 1967, the first music critic to be so honored.⑤Yet only one of his books is now in print, and his vast body of writings on music is unknown save to specialists.①Is there any chance that Cardus's criticism will enjoy a revival? ②The prospect seems remote.③Journalistic tastes had changed long before his death, and postmodern readers have little use for the richly uphostered Vicwardian prose in which he specialized. ④Moreover,the amateur tradition in music criticism has been in headlong retreat.全文翻译:在过去的25 年英语报纸所发生的变化中,影响最深远的可能就是它们对艺术方面的报道在范围上毫无疑问的缩小了,而且这些报道的严肃程度也绝对降低了。
2010年考研英语二真题全文翻译答案超详解析
2010 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(二)试题答案与解析Section I Use of English一、文章题材结构分析本文是取材于新闻报道,叙述了猪流感的爆发,产生的严重影响以及政府采取的针对性措施。
首段和第二段简述了猪流感的爆发引起世界各国的重视。
第三段引用专家的观点,认为瘟疫并不严重。
第四段和第五段以墨西哥及美国的情况为例,说明了猪流感的严重性和致命性。
第六段叙述了联邦政府针对猪流感的具体措施。
二、试题解析1.【答案】 D【解析】上文提到“,was declared a global epidemic,”,根据declare 的逻辑(“宣布为”),可知应该选 D 项designated“命名,制定”,而不是 C 项commented“评论”,这是典型的近义词复现题目。
2.【答案】 C【解析】本题目可依据“句意”找到意思线索,选出答案,难度在于出处句是个长难句。
本句的理解应该抓住alert、meeting 和 a sharp rise 三者的关系,根据after a sharp rise 可知是rise(“病例数的增加”)是meeting(“日内瓦专家会议”)的原因,由此可推导出alert 并非是meeting 的原因,而是结果,即meeting 使得alert 升级。
根据上述分析可以排除B、D 选项,B 项activated“激活,激起”,D 项“促使,引起”,此两项的选择都在讲alert 导致了meeting的召开。
而 C 项followed 意思是“紧随,跟在,,之后”,体现出after 的逻辑,完全满足本句rise 之后是meeting,meeting 之后是alert 的逻辑,所以是正确项。
而 A 项proceeded“继续”,属不及物动词,不可接宾语,用法和逻辑用在此处都不合适。
3.【答案】 B【解析】本题目应该关注并列连词and,从并列呼应来看:空格后的表达in Britain,对应前面的in Australia,所以空格处rising _____ 应该对应 a sharp rise in cases(“病例数的剧增”),因此空格处是“数量”的逻辑才对。
2010年翻译真题解析与译文
2010年翻译真题解析与译文 2010年考研英语翻译原文:One basic weakness in a conservation system based wholly one economic motives is that most members of the land community have no economic value. Yet these ereatures are members of the biotic community and, if its stability depends on its integrity, they are entitled to continuance. When one of these noneconomic categories is threatened and, if we happen to love it, we invent excuses to give it economic importance.At the beginning of century songbirds were supposed to be disappearing. 46. Scientists jumped to the rescue with some distinctly shaky evidence to the effect that insects would eat us up if birds failed to control them, the evideuce had to be comic in order to be valid.It is painful to read these round about accounts today. we have no land ethic yet. 47. But we have at least drawn nearer the point of admitting that birds should continue as a matter of intrinsic right, regardless of the presence or absence of economic advantage to us.A panallel situation exists in respect of predatory mamals and fish-eating birds. 48. Time was when biologists somewhat overworked the evidence that these creatures preserve the health of game by killing the physically weak,or that they prey only on “worthless species”.Some species of tree have been read out of the party by economics-minded foresters because they grow too slowly .or have too low a sale vale to pay as imeber crops. 49. In Europe, where forestry is ecologically more advanced, the non-commercial tree species are recognized as members of native forest community, to be preserved as such, within reason.To sum up: a system of conservation based solely on economic self-interest is hopelessly lopsided.50. It tends to ignore, and thus eventually to eliminate, many elements in the land community that lack commercial value, but that are essential to its healthy functioning. Without the uneconomic pats.翻译参考译文:46.Scientists jumped to the rescue with some distinctly shaky evidence to the effect that insects would eat us up if birds failed to control them.词汇理解:jump to the rescue(赶来拯救),shaky(站不脚的),to the effect that(其大意是);eat up(吃光),fail to(没有)。
考研英语2010年 TEXT1 翻译
Of all the changes that have taken place in English-language newspapers during the past quarter-century, perhaps the most far-reaching has been the inexorable decline in the scope and seriousness of their arts coverage.过去的25年,在英文报纸发生的所有变化中,或许最具有深远意义的变化就是这些报纸的文艺报道范围不断缩小,严肃性不断减弱,这是个无法逆转的必然趋势。
It is difficult to the point of impossibility for the average reader under the age of forty to imagine a time when high-quality arts criticism could be found in most big-city newspapers. Yet a considerable number of the most significant collections of criticism published in the 20th century consisted in large part of newspaper reviews. To read such books today is to marvel at the fact that their learned contents were once deemed suitable for publication in general-circulation dailies.对于年龄低于40岁的普通读者来讲,让他们想象一下当年可以在许多大城市报纸上读到精品的文艺评论简直几乎是天方夜谭。
考研英语2010年考研英语翻译试题译文及解析1
2010年考研英语翻译试题译文及解析(2010-03-09 16:54:04)转载分类:考研资料分享标签:考研试题解析翻译教育英文译文:完全以经济动机为基础的守恒系统中,存在一个基本的弱点,即陆生群落的大多数成员都没有经济价值。
然而这些生物是生物群落的成员,如果群落的稳定性取决于其完整性,他们就有权持续生存。
当其中一个非经济类别受到威胁时,如果我们碰巧喜爱这个类别,就会创造借口使其具有经济意义。
本世纪初,鸣禽原本正在消失。
(46)科学家们匆匆赶来救援,但证据是明显站不住脚的。
大意就是,如果鸟不能控制这些虫子,虫子就会吃光一切。
这个证据必须是经济的,才是有效的。
如今阅读这些拐弯抹角的论述令人痛心。
我们还没有土地伦理,(47)但是,我们至少比较一致地认可这样一种观点,即:无论鸟类对我们是否具有经济价值,他们都应该继续享有其固有的生物权利。
类似的情况存在于食肉的哺乳动物和捕食鱼的鸟类中。
(48)生物学家们曾一度滥用这个证据:这些生物通过残杀弱者来维持生物链条的健康发展,或者只是捕食“无价值的物种”。
因此在这里,证据必须是经济的,才是有效的。
天敌是社会的成员,任何具有特殊要求的集团都无权为了自身真实的或想象的利益消灭它们。
有些种类的树木被一些只具备经济头脑的林业员认为是“非我族类”,因为它们发育过慢,或作为木材销售价值过低。
(49)欧洲的林业生态发展比较先进。
那些没有商业价值的树种被视为原始森林群落的成员而被合理保护。
此外,人们发现一些树种在保持土壤的肥沃方面具有重要作用。
森林和构成森林的不同的树种,地面植物以及动物之间的相互依赖是理所当然的。
由于有些树种成长缓慢甚或是作为木材的价值也太低,所以一些受经济利益驱使的人就将这些树种完全抛弃。
总而言之:一种守恒系统完全基于自身经济利益是倾斜无望的。
(50)这样的体系容易忽视、并最终灭绝了生物群落中的许多元素。
然而这些元素虽然缺少商业价值,但对整个群落的健康运动却至关重要。
2010年考研英语·英译汉真题及解析
2010年考研英语·英译汉真题及解析真题:One basic weakness in a conservation system based wholly on economic motives is that most members of the land community have no economic value. Yet these creatures are members of the biotic community and, if its stability depends on its integrity, they are entitled to continuance.When one of these noneconomic categories is threatened and, if we happen to love it .We invert excuses to give it economic importance. At the beginning of century songbirds were supposed to be disappearing. (46)Scientists jumped to the rescue with some distinctly shaky evidence to the effect that insects would eat us up if birds failed to control them. the evidence had to be economic in order to be valid.It is painful to read these round about accounts today. We have no land ethic yet, (47)but we have at least drawn near the point of admitting that birds should continue as a matter of intrinsic right, regardless of the presence or absence of economic advantage to us.A parallel situation exists in respect of predatory mammals and fish-eating birds. (48)Time was when biologists somewhat over worded the evidence that these creatures preserve the health of game by killing the physically weak, or that they prey only on "worthless" species.Some species of tree have been read out of the party by economics-minded foresters because they grow too slowly, or have too low a sale vale to pay as timber crops. (49)In Europe, where forestry is ecologically more advanced, the non-commercial tree species are recognized as members of native forest community, to be preserved as such, within reason.To sum up: a system of conservation based solely on economic self-interest is hopelessly lopsided. (50)It tends to ignore, and thus eventually to eliminate, many elements in the land community that lack commercial value, but that are essential to its healthy functioning. It assumes, falsely, I think, that the economic parts of the biotic clock will function without the uneconomic parts.解析:(46)Scientists jumped to the rescue with some distinctly shaky evidence to the effect that insects would eat us up if birds failed to control them.jumped to the rescue迅速的其来援救shaky不可靠的,站不住脚的to the effect 大意是;大致是说eat us up 吃掉我们【解析】本题考查的知识点是:固定短语、同位语从句、状语从句、从句嵌套、根据上下文确定词义。
2010年考研英语一真题及-答案解析
2010年考研英语一真题及答案解析第一部分:阅读理解Passage 1题目In the middle of the nineteenth century, the rise of the most influential international. movements- nationalism, liberalism, socialism - led to the broadly held belief that human progress was not only desirable but inevitable. This belief particularly encouraged active programs of social, political, and cultural change during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. It also contributed to an increased confidence that human beings could understand the natural world and harness its power for human betterment.1. According to the passage, the rise of nationalism, liberalism, and socialismA)was an inevitable result of human progressB)occurred in the middle of the nineteenth centuryC)led to an increased belief in the inevitability ofhuman progressD)encouraged active programs of change答案解析The correct answer is C) led to an increased belief in the inevitability of human progress.The passage states that the rise of nationalism, liberalism, and socialism led to the belief that human progress was not only desirable but inevitable. This indicates that the rise of these movements contributed to an increased belief in the inevitability of human progress.2. According to the passage, the belief in human progress contributed toA)social changeB)political changeC)cultural changeD)all of the above答案解析The correct answer is D) all of the above.The passage states that the belief in human progress encouraged active programs of social, political, and cultural change. This indicates that the belief in human progress contributed to all of these types of change.Passage 2题目Deserts of any kind, as well as other ecologically barren areas such as rock or ice-covered mountains, can be defined as uninhabitable. The definitio n means’ for practical purposes, that people cannot live there without outside support. Nevertheless, deserts are not altogether unattractive as places for human settlement. For example, desert oases and river valleys that have water are attrctive settlement sites. Furthermore, modern technology has made it possible to exploit desert resources, such as oil and minerals. Consequently, many people do live in desert areas. The successful settlement of these strage places, however, requires ingenious adjustments.3. According to the passage, deserts can be defined as uninhabitable becauseA)they lack waterB)they are ecologically barrenC)people cannot live there without outside supportD)they are unattractive as places for settlements答案解析The correct answer is C) people cannot live there without outside support.The passage explicitly states that deserts can be defined as uninhabitable because people cannot live there without outside support. This means that deserts are not capable of supporting human life without assistance.4. The author mentions desert oases and river valleys in order to suggest thatA)deserts are attractive places for settlementB)desert areas have resources that can be exploitedC)modern technology has made desert settlementspossibleD)ingenious adjustments are necessary for desertsettlements答案解析The correct answer is A) deserts are attractive places for settlement.The passage states that desert oases and river valleys with water are attractive settlement sites. This suggests that deserts can be desirable places for human settlement, contradicting the previous statement that deserts are defined as uninhabitable.第二部分:单词翻译1.nationalism - 民族主义2.liberalism - 自由主义3.socialism - 社会主义4.inevitable - 不可避免的5.desirable - 令人向往的6.confidence - 自信心7.harness - 利用8.settlement - 居民点9.barren - 不毛的10.exploit - 开发第三部分:写作题目题目In recent years, there has been a growing interest in the potential benefits of artificial intelligence (AI) in various industries. AI has the ability to automate tasks, make faster and more accurate predictions, and improve overall efficiency. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of AI in three specific industries: healthcare, transportation, and education.第四部分:总结本文主要探讨了2010年考研英语一真题及答案解析。
2010年考研英语翻译真题详解
(46) Scientists jumped to the rescue with some distinctly shaky evidence to the effect that insects would eat us up if birds failed to control them.
句子解析 1. 句子主干为“scientists jumped to the rescue”,句中
important social science (极其重要的社会科学)。 Shaky是shake的形容词形式,表示“不稳定的,动 摇的”,在2000年的考研英语词汇题中出现过:an exceedingly shaky foundation (非常不稳定的基础)。 4. to the effect that ...:本词组较难,在历年真题中并 未涉及,英文释义为“with the meaning of”,可 译为“意思是……,大意是说……”。 5. eat up:本词组很常见,表示“吃光,吃尽”。由 up构成的词组曾在考研英语中出现过很多次,如 take up、back up、put up with、go up、clean up、 give up、stand up、come up、keep up、bring up、 hold up、warm up等。一些常考的固定搭配需要考 生在复习阶段进行归纳总结。
2010年考研英语翻译真题详解
Test B0年考研英语翻译题目的文章节选自《沙郡岁月——李奥帕德的自然沉思》(A Sand County Almanac: With Other Essays on Conservation from Round River)。该书是美国现代“环保之父”阿尔多·李奥帕德的经典代表作,堪称 西方环保主义的“圣经”。在书中,作者对自然进行了细致入微的观察和深刻的思考,并表达了对动植物生命无比热 爱的“生命伦理”观念。本书与《瓦尔登湖》(Walden )一起奠定了美国自然人文精神的基础,并被誉为自然人文写作 的典范。考题中节选的内容即与“生命伦理”观念相关。
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2010年考研英语翻译试题译文及解析(2010-03-09 16:54:04)转载分类:考研资料分享标签:考研试题解析翻译教育英文译文:完全以经济动机为基础的守恒系统中,存在一个基本的弱点,即陆生群落的大多数成员都没有经济价值。
然而这些生物是生物群落的成员,如果群落的稳定性取决于其完整性,他们就有权持续生存。
当其中一个非经济类别受到威胁时,如果我们碰巧喜爱这个类别,就会创造借口使其具有经济意义。
本世纪初,鸣禽原本正在消失。
(46)科学家们匆匆赶来救援,但证据是明显站不住脚的。
大意就是,如果鸟不能控制这些虫子,虫子就会吃光一切。
这个证据必须是经济的,才是有效的。
如今阅读这些拐弯抹角的论述令人痛心。
我们还没有土地伦理,(47)但是,我们至少比较一致地认可这样一种观点,即:无论鸟类对我们是否具有经济价值,他们都应该继续享有其固有的生物权利。
类似的情况存在于食肉的哺乳动物和捕食鱼的鸟类中。
(48)生物学家们曾一度滥用这个证据:这些生物通过残杀弱者来维持生物链条的健康发展,或者只是捕食“无价值的物种”。
因此在这里,证据必须是经济的,才是有效的。
天敌是社会的成员,任何具有特殊要求的集团都无权为了自身真实的或想象的利益消灭它们。
有些种类的树木被一些只具备经济头脑的林业员认为是“非我族类”,因为它们发育过慢,或作为木材销售价值过低。
(49)欧洲的林业生态发展比较先进。
那些没有商业价值的树种被视为原始森林群落的成员而被合理保护。
此外,人们发现一些树种在保持土壤的肥沃方面具有重要作用。
森林和构成森林的不同的树种,地面植物以及动物之间的相互依赖是理所当然的。
由于有些树种成长缓慢甚或是作为木材的价值也太低,所以一些受经济利益驱使的人就将这些树种完全抛弃。
总而言之:一种守恒系统完全基于自身经济利益是倾斜无望的。
(50)这样的体系容易忽视、并最终灭绝了生物群落中的许多元素。
然而这些元素虽然缺少商业价值,但对整个群落的健康运动却至关重要。
它虚假地认为生物时钟的经济部分可以在缺少非经济部分的情况下继续起作用。
试题解析:(46) Scientists jumped to the rescue with some distinctly shaky evidence to the effect that insects would eat us up if birds failed to control them.(46) 主句的主语/Scientists 主句谓语/jumped to 主句宾语/the rescue 伴随状语/with some distinctly shaky evidence to the effect 同位语从句//that 从句主语/insects 从句谓语would eat us up 条件状语从句//if birds failed to control them词义推敲:jump to sth 表示“匆匆......”, 例如jump to a conclusion 表示“匆匆得出结论rescue vt.援救, 营救n.援救, 营救with some distinctly shaky evidence 伴随状语,意为:采用一些站不住脚的证据to the effect that 是固定搭配,表示“大意是...参考译文:科学家们匆匆赶来救援,但证据是明显站不住脚的。
大意就是,如果鸟不能控制这些虫子,虫子就会吃光一切。
得分重点:同位语从句,固定搭配(47) but we have at least drawn nearer the point of admitting that birds should continue as a matter of intrinsic right, regardless of the presence or absence of economic advantage to us.(47) but 主句主语/we 主句谓语/have at least drawn near 主句宾语/the point 介词短语作后置定语/of admitting 宾语从句//that 从句主语/birds 从句谓语/should continue as a matter of intrinsic right, 让步状语/regardless of the presence or absence of economic advantage to us.词义推敲:draw near the point of 意为“接近.....”as a matter of 意为“作为......”regardless of 意为,“不管,不顾”intrinsic right 内在的固有的权利economic advantage 经济价值参考译文:但是,我们至少比较一致的认可这样一种观点,即:无论鸟类对我们是否具有经济价值,他们都应该继续享有其固有的生物权利。
得分重点:固定搭配,后置定语,宾语从句,让步状语(48) Time was when biologists somewhat overworked the evidence that these creatures preserve the health of game by killing the physically weak, or that they prey only on "worthless" species.结构分析:(48) 主句的主语/Time 主句系动词/was 表语从句//when 从句主语/biologists somewhat 从句谓语/overworked the evidence 并列同位语从句//that these creatures preserve the health of game 方式状语/by killing the physically weak, or 并列同位语从句//that they prey only on “worthless species”.词义推敲:Time was when意为“曾经,从前”overwork 工作过度,过分preserve the health of game 意为“维护游戏的正常运行”,根据上下文,引申为“维持生物链条的健康发展”prey on 意为“捕食”参考译文:生物学家们曾一度滥用这个证据:这些生物通过残杀弱者来维持生物链条的健康发展,或者只是捕食“无价值的物种”。
得分重点:表语从句,同位语从句,方式状语,固定搭配(49) In Europe, where forestry is ecologically more advanced, the non-commercial tree species are recognized as members of the native forest community, to be preserved as such, within reason.结构分析:(49) 地点状语/In Europe, 非限定性定语从句//where forestry is ecologically more advanced, 主句主语/the Non-commercial tree species 被动结构/are recognized as members of native forest community, to be preserved as such, within reason.词义推敲:be recognized as 意为,“被看做”the Non-commercial tree species 不具有经济价值的树种native forest community 意思是“当地的森林群落”within reason,意为“合情合理的”参考译文:欧洲的林业生态发展比较先进。
,那些没有商业价值的树种被视为原始森林群落的成员而被合理保护。
得分重点:非限定性定语从句,被动结构,专有名词(50) It tends to ignore, and thus eventually to eliminate, many elements in the land community that lack commercial value, but that are essential to its healthy functioning.结构分析:(50) 主句主语/It 主句谓语/tends to ignore, 并列谓语and thus eventually to eliminate, 主句宾语/many elements in the land community并列定语从句// that 从句谓语/lack 从句宾语/commercial value,并列定语从句but that are essential to its healthy functioning.词义推敲:tend to do sth. 意为“倾向于做某事”;be essential to sth. 意为“对......必要的”the land community 陆生群落commercial value 经济/商业价值healthy functioning 健康运行参考译文:这样的体系容易忽视、并最终灭绝了生物群落中的许多元素。
然而这些元素虽然缺少商业价值,但对整个群落的健康运行却至关重要。
得分重点:动词搭配,定语从句,专有名词THANKS !!!致力为企业和个人提供合同协议,策划案计划书,学习课件等等打造全网一站式需求欢迎您的下载,资料仅供参考。