英国文学复习

英国文学考试复习

题型：

一、名词解释（3*5’）

二、判断正误（5*2’）

三、单项选择（20*1’）

四、材料题（2*10’）

五、简答题（3*6’）

六、论述题17’

一、名词解释

1.Enlightenment：

The Enlightenment on the whole，was an expression of struggle of the then progressive class of bourgeoisie against feudalism. The enlighteners fought against class inequality，stagnation，prejudices and other survivals of feudalism. They attempted to place all branches of science at the service of mankind by connecting them with the actual deeds and requirements of the people.

2.Romanticism：

Romanticism is an artistic and intellectual originating in Europe in the late 18th century and characterized by a heightened interest in nature，emphasis on the individual’s expression of emotion and forms of classicism，and rebellion against established social rules and conventions.

The romantic period began in 1798 the publication of Wordsworth and Coleridge’s 《Lyrical Ballads》，and end in 1832 with Sir Walter Scott’s death.

3.Naturalism：

Naturalism is a higher form of realism. People should give up the religious and remote world and to embrace the present，real world in which we lived.

4.Conceit：

Conceit is a far-fetched metaphor or simile. Originally a “concept”or “idea”，the conceit came to mean a striking parallel between two highly dissimilar things. 5．Dramatic Monologue：

Dramatic Monologue is main artistic feature of Robert Browning’s poem. In his poem，he always chooses a dramatic moment or a crisis，in which his characters are made to talk about their lives，and about their mind and hearts. In “listening”to those one-sided talk readers confirm their own opinion and judgments about the speaker’s personality and about what has happened.

A dramatic monologue is a piece of performed writing that offers great insight into the feelings of the speaker. Not to be confused with a soliloquy in a play (which the character speaking speaks to themselves), dramatic monologues suggest an auditor or auditors. The dramatic monologue is now understood to include short pieces of prose written for performance.

6．Metaphysical Poetry(玄学诗)：

the diction is simple，the imagery is from the actual，the form is frequently an argument with the poet’s beloved，with god, or with himself.（主题：love, religious, thought）

二、三题复习资料

1．The Anglo-Saxon Period（449—1066）

Beowulf（an English national epic）

写作手法：Metaphor 隐喻

2．Geoffrey Chaucer（father of English poetry/literature）

代表作：《The Canterbury Tales》（the beginning of English literature）

Heroic Couplet英雄双韵体

3．The Renaissance文艺复兴（16世纪至17世纪中叶）

主要形式：drama & canto诗章

代表人物：

1）William Shakespeare

Four Tragedies：Hamlet，Othello，King Lear and Macbeth.

Sonnet十四行诗：A sonnet is a lyric consisting of 14 lines, usually in iambic pentameter restricted to a definition rhyme scheme. It contains 3 quatrains and one heroic couplet at the end，with an “abab cdcd efef gg”rhyme scheme.

The theme of Sonnet 18：

The poet sings praise of his friend, and thinks that his poetry will bring eternity to the one he loves. The poem follows the traditional theme for poetry in the Elizabethan period, that is, poetry can bring eternity to the one he loves and eulogizes. From the poem we can see that the poet has confidence in his poetry and he thinks that his poems will be everlasting in human world. He also shows love for and celebration of his friend, the young man.

2）Francis Bacon（the first essayist）

代表作：《Of Studies》

经典句：Studies serve for delight，for ornament，and for ability.

The theme：Uses and benefits of study and different ways adopted by different people to pursue studies.

P.S.

Edmund Spenser（Poet’s poet）代表作《The Fairy Queen》（epic poem史诗）Christopher Marlowe（University Wits）代表作《Dr. Faustus》Blank verse无韵体4．The 17th century

The Period of Revolution and Restoration

主要形式：Prose散文

代表人物：

1）John Donne（metaphysical poet）玄学派诗人

代表作：《Forbidding Mourning》