汽车专业英语 Automobile Structure
《汽车专业英语》新课件
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ｆｉｎａｌｄｒｉｖｅ 主减速器，后桥 ｄｉｆｆｅｒｅｎｔｉａｌ 差!的；（数）微分的；差速器 ｈｏｒｎ 喇叭 ｓｔａｒｔｅｒ 起动机 ｉｎｔｅｒｎａｌｃｏｍｂｕｓｔｉｏｎｅｎｇｉｎｅ 内燃（发动）机 ａｉｒｃｏｎｄｉｔｉｏｎ 空调 ｐｏｗｅｒｔｒａｉｎ 动力传动系 ｔｒａｎｓｍｉｓｓｉｏｎｓｙｓｔｅｍ 传动系统 ｓｕｓｐｅｎｓｉｏｎｓｙｓｔｅｍ 悬架系统 ｂｒａｋｅｓｙｓｔｅｍ 制动系统 ｓｔｅｅｒｉｎｇｓｙｓｔｅｍ 转向系统 ｏｃｃｕｐａｎｔｓｐａｃｅ 承载空间 ｐｒｉｎｃｉｐａｌｃｏｍｐｏｎｅｎｔ 主要部件 ｓｈｅｅｔｍｅｔａｌ 金属板 ｇａｓｍｉｘｔｕｒｅ 混合气
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ｐｉｎｉｏｎ－ｇｅａｒ 小齿轮；行星齿轮 ｆｉｂｅｒｇｌａｓｓ 玻璃纤维；玻璃丝 ｃｏｍｐｏｓｉｔｅ－ｍａｔｅｒｉａｌ 复合材料 ｔｒｉｍ 装饰 ｕｐｈｏｌｓｔｅｒｙ 家具装饰用品业；垫衬物 ｌｕｇｇａｇｅｃｏｍｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔ 行李舱；行李架；行李箱 ｒｕｂｂｅｒｍｏｕｎｔ 橡胶衬垫；橡胶悬置元件 ｗｅｌｄｅｄｓｔｅｅｌ 钢筋焊接；焊接钢 ｓｔａｍｐｉｎｇ 冲压；冲压成型；冲压件 ｒｏｌｌｃａｇｅ 翻滚护架；防滚架 ｒａｃｅ－ｃａｒ 赛车 ｓｐａｃｅｆｒａｍｅ 空间极架；立体极架 ｓｕｂｆｒａｍｅ 副车架，副框架 ｅｑｕｉｐｍｅｎｔ 设备
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Ｂｏｄ
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汽车结构)中英文详解
1.Engine
1.2.2valve train配气机构
The function of valve train is make sure the intake and exhaust valves can open and close at just the right time .配气机构的功 能就是确保进气门和排气门在正确的时间打开和关闭
2.Chassis底盘
Power train system includes
1.clutch 离合器 2.transmission 变速器 3.universial joints 万向节 4.drive axle 驱动桥 5.Differential 差速器 6.half axle 半轴 7.final drive 主减速器 8.drive shaft 传动轴
energy conversion.
曲柄连杆机构是发动机实现工作循环，完成能量转 换的主要运动部分。
1.Engine
Crank mechanism includes
Body group机体组: cylinder block, cylinder head, gasket,crankcase, cylinder liners and oil pan气缸体，气缸盖、气缸垫、曲轴箱、汽缸套及油底壳
2.Chassis底盘
2.1 Power train system传动系统
The power train system is provided with reducing the speed, variable speed, backing up, break the engine power, differential between the wheels, and between axles. Working with engine ,it can guarantee a car in normal driving under various working conditions, and has good power performance and fuel economy. 传动系统具有减速、变速、倒车、中断动力、轮间差速和轴间差速等动能， 与发动机配合工作，能保证汽车在个各种工况条件下的正常行驶，并具有 良好的动力性和经济性。
汽车专业英语
Part I Brief History and Culture of Auto 汽车史略与汽车文化
Part II Structure of Automobile 汽车结构
Part III Automobile Service and Maintenance 汽车维修与保养
10 9 8
7
45
3
2
1 22
23
Fig. 9-5
17—Diode Assy；二极
管总成
11
19—Brush Holder；电
12
刷架
20—Suppression Ca-
pacitor；静噪电容器
21—Fan Leader；风扇 13 导向器
14 22—Bearing Retainer；
轴承保持板
23—Front Bearing；前
10 9
Fig. 9-3
7 8
4
1—Sheet Metal Ground；金属板式搭铁 2—Starter Solenoid Switch；起动机电磁开关 3—Engine Ground；发动机搭铁 4—Alternator；发电机 5—Negative Battery Cable；蓄电池负极电缆 6—Positive Battery Cable；蓄电池正极电缆 7—Fuse Panel；烙丝板 8—Battery；蓄电池
Assy；换向器端盖总成
Fig. 9-7
The starter motor draws a great
deal of electrical current from the battery．The driver controls the flow
第14章 汽车专业英语
1.2 Car Production 汽车生产
3. Paint Shop 涂装车间
Coating is a systematic engineering, which includes three basic processes of surface treatment, coating process and drying before coating, as well as a reasonable coating system.Maintaining a spotlessly clean, dust-free environment is critical to the quality and consistency of each car’s paint job. Now, in order to make the quality standard for line-off, there are four layers in painting including: ED, Sealer & PVC, Primer and Topcoat.
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1.1 Structure of an Automobile 汽车构造
1．Engine 发动机
The engine-the“heart”of the automobile-operates on internal combustion, meaning the fuel used for its power is burned inside of the engine. The four-stroke engine is the most common type of automobile engine. The engine is comprised of pistons, cylinders, tubes to deliver fuel to the cylinders, and other components . Each system is necessary for making the automobile run and reducing noise and pollution.
汽车专业英语project1 Automobile Overview
Front engine, rear-wheel drive (FR) - is the traditional layout style. Most trucks, some cars and some buses are adopting this type.
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改革创新示范教材
任务 实施
Automobile structure
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改革创新示范教材
任务 实施
Automobile structure
东北大学出版社
The electrical equipment is made up of power, engine starting system and ignition system, automotive lighting and signaling devices and other components. In addition, more and more modern cars equipped with a variety of electronic devices, such as the microprocessor, the central computer system and a variety of artificial intelligence devices.
汽车专业英语试卷及答案
019年秋学期科目题库建设课程名称汽车专业英语教学章节及知识点第一章：Automobile Structure 、The Introduction to Engine适合班级17秋中汽1/2班、17春中汽1/2班、18秋高汽班题库8-9月份题库内容（提交时间：26日以电子档形式发送至专业组处，职教科收取时间为：28日）选择题10个（30分）填空题10个（30分）判断题10个（20分）简答题2个或实训成果2个（20分）一、选择题1、The heart of automobile is .A、engineB、bodyC、chassisD、electric system2、An engine is mainly composed of two mechanisms and systems .A、oneB、fiverC、fourD、six3、holds all the main components and parts together .A、engineB、bodyC、chassisD、clutch4、The power train carries from the engine crankshaft to car wheels .A、powerB、bodyC、engineD、clutch5、In 1886 ,Karl Benz the first car in the word .A、findB、composeC、builtD、buy6、Today, more and more modern car are equipped with a variety of devices .A、powerB、electronicC、switchD、transmission7、Engine is a self-contained unit vehicle .A、powerB、bodyC、engineD、device8、The engine has of other parts .A、eightyB、ninetyC、sixtyD、hundreds9、The intake stroke begins with the piston at the .A、BDCB、MBCC、TDCD、CMP10、Just before the bottom of power stroke , the exhaust valve .A、upsB、downsC、closesD、opens二、填空题1、火花塞2、汽车3、上止点4、上止点5、做功行程6、汽缸盖7、vehicle 8、piston9、ignition 10、chassis三、判断1、The engine is a self-contained power unit witch converts the energy of fuel into mechanic energy for moving the vehicle .（）2、The majority of engines in motor vehicles today are five-stroke piston engine.（）3、To provide a more even and continuous flow of power .automobiles have engines with six,eight,twelve or fourteen cylinders.（）4、For identification purpose,manufactures classify automobile engines just by their cyinder arrangement.（）5、Just before the bottom of power stroke , the exhaust valve closes。
汽车专业英语_课程标准
《汽车专业英语》课程标准适用专业：汽车运用技术系别：汽车与信息工程系学时： 32 学分：3一、本课程的性质、地位和教学目标《汽车专业英语》是汽车技术服务与营销专业的一门专业必修课程。
随着中国汽车工业的飞速发展，有越来越多的外商进入中国市场，大量的国外汽车信息及汽车资料以及与外商、客户的交流对于我们汽车技术服务与营销专业来说尤为重要，这就需要我们了解、精通、掌握汽车专业通用语言——汽车营销专业英语。
本课程的主要任务是：本课程针对汽车销售实践中可能遇到的英文资料的类型，如整车性能特点、各系统零部件名称、车主手册等选用有代表性的实例，用英汉对照讲解，并将相关口语交流揉合在实例中，以培养学生汽车专业英文资料的理解能力，并能够用英语进行实际的交流并销售汽车。
二、教学目标（1）能力目标总体目标：增加汽车专业词汇量，使学生能够用英语进行阅读、翻译一般性专业技术文件资料,了解最前沿的专业知识；使学生能听、说英语，以汽车专业英语为工具进行简单的日常对话，能够用英语进行简单的销售会话。
具体目标：能够识别约大量汽车专业英语词汇；能够阅读并熟练的翻译英语课文；能够用英语进行日常的销售会话。
（2）知识目标掌握本专业的英语词汇及用法；了解汽车领域文章结构及体裁；掌握汽车的各部分构成及工作原理和功能的英语表达。
（3）素质目标掌握技术语言，以便技术交流；培养学生认真负责，压实细致的工作作风和严谨的科学态度，强化标准意识。
三、课程容简介第一部分 The Vehicle World课程容1．英文对话《通知客户提车》2．英文短文Automobile Structure、The Vehicle World的翻译、重点词及专业词汇的掌握。
3.汽车专业词汇（汽车名称、汽车车身结构、汽车发动机）英文单词及其他词汇的读音和拼写。
工作任务、能力目标1、能够理解课文英文对话《通知客户提车》的意思和对话技巧，并且能进行简单模仿对话。
2、翻译英文短文Automobile Structure，掌握短文重点单词。
汽车专业英语
check the water temperature receiver
gauge needle which should indicate“hot”．
检查速度表： ① 用车速表测试仪，
检测车速表的允许 指示误差，并检查 里程表的工作状况。 ② 检查速度表指针
的误差范围：低于 0.5 km/h。
注意：轮胎磨损
和轮胎过分充气或 充气不足均会增加 示值误差。
⑵ 转速表 转速表显示发动
机每分钟的转速。 驾驶时，不要使转 速表的指针指向红 色区，以免发动机 受到损伤。
汽车电气的维修 Unit 14 Car Beauty 汽车美容
Байду номын сангаас
Unit 13 Vehicle Electric Maintenance
汽车电气维修
Section 1 Vehicle Information Displaying System Services
汽车信息显示系统的检修
The vehicle information displaying system is one of the important systems of the automobile．By it，the driver can know whether the cars，especially the various operating parameters of the engine are normal or not in order to take timely measures to prevent the occurrence of physical accident and mechanical accidents．
汽车专业英语
Thus the import and export trades are two sides of the same coin，and both can have beneficial effects on the home market．Imports create competition for home-produced goods；exports give a manufacturer a larger market for his products ， thus helping to reduce the unit cost．Both of them have the effect to keep prices down in the home and international markets．
⑺ Explain you own situation．Ask for，but do not expect their understanding．
⑻ Make concession which cost little but are of high value to the customer．
⑼ Keep friendly and close difficult conversations with a positive formulation．
⑹ If demands can not be met ， say “ no ” calmly and objectively．Explain reasons．Express regret that no other decision is possible．Customers have the right to make high demands，and salespeople have the right to reject them．
汽车专业英语试卷及答案
汽车专业英语试卷及答案In the fall semester of 2019.the subject of Automotive English will cover two chapters: Automobile Structure and The n to Engine。
This subject is suitable for the 17 autumn and spring classes of the Automotive major。
as well as the 18 autumn class of the High Automotive major。
The following is the content of the n bank for the months of August and September:Multiple Choice ns - 10 (30 points)Fill in the Blanks - 10 (30 points)True or False - 10 (20 points)Short Answer ns - 2 or Practical Results - 2 (20 points)1.What is the heart of an automobile?A。
EngineB。
BodyC。
ChassisD。
Electric System2.An engine is mainly composed of how many mechanisms and systems?A。
OneB。
XXXC。
FourD。
Six3.What holds all the main components and parts of a car together?A。
EngineB。
BodyC。
ChassisD。
Clutch4.What carries power from the engine crankshaft to the car wheels?A。
汽车专业英语
led by an electric motor powered by rechargeable battery packs．The Battery Electric Vehicle，for short BEV，
cal machinery control technology development，must be replaced by direct current the electric motor (BCEM)，the switch magnetic resistance electric
internal combustion engine automobile
of the electric automobile works only produces the waste gas，have not the exhaust pollution ． It is extremely
beneficial to protect the environmental and the air ， so it has Laudatory of “ Zero-pollution ” ． Electric motors
Environmentally friendly．EVs emit no tailpipe pollutants ， al-
though the power plant producing the electricity may emit them．Electricity from nuclea- ， hydro- ， solar- ， or wind-powered plants causes no air pollutants．
Unit 1汽车专业英语(车辆的种类、汽车基本结构)
精品PPT
I. Pre-questions
❖ How many main parts does the automobile consist of? 1-engine 2-chassis 3-body 4--electrical system
精品PPT
New Words and New Words and Expressions
精品PPT
❖ Body ❖ An automobile body is a sheet metal shell with
windows, doors, a hood, and a trunk deck built into it. It provides a protective covering for the engine, passengers, and cargo. The body is designed to keep passengers safe and comfortable.
diagram
front engine 、 front-wheel drive
front engine 、 rear-wheel drive
Rear engine、 rear-wheel drive
精品PPT
I. Pre-questions
❖Do you know who built the first car in the world and when?
精品PPT
Electrical Equipment
❖ The electrical system supplies electricity for the ignition, horn, lights, heater, and starter. The electricity level is maintained by a charging circuit. This circuit consists of a battery, and an alternator (or generator). The battery stores electricity. The alternator changes the engine's mechanical energy into electrical energy and recharges the battery.
汽车专业英语
随着汽车产业的
不断发展，各种汽 车文化也随之应运 而生。
所谓汽车文化，
是指物质和精神层 面的结合。
What is called the automobile culture，the automobile culture is
considered combination of material level and spiritual level．
Fig. 5-1
The North American International Auto 北美国际汽车展览
Show begins with press preview days， 由媒体日、业界日、
慈善日三个展示日开
industry preview days and a charity 始。慈善日的展览旨
its large scale and influence is incomparable．Except North American International Auto Show，there are also Frankfurt Auto Show（in midmonth of
yearly September has been held in Frankfurt Trade Square of Germany）， and Paris Auto Show （ biennially ， in
汽车工业掠影 Unit 4 Summarize of New energy automobile
新能源汽车概述 Unit 5 Car Culture 汽车文化
Unit 5 Car Culture
汽车文化
In the wake of continuous development of automobile industry，all kinds of automobile culture are rise in response to the proper time and conditions thereupon．
汽车英语词汇大全掌握汽车行业的关键英语词汇驾驭汽车世界
汽车英语词汇大全掌握汽车行业的关键英语词汇驾驭汽车世界汽车英语词汇大全：掌握汽车行业的关键英语词汇，驾驭汽车世界在现代社会，汽车在人们的日常生活中扮演着非常重要的角色。
不管是购买、驾驶还是维修汽车，掌握汽车相关的英语词汇是必不可少的。
本文将为您介绍一些关键的汽车英语词汇，帮助您更好地驾驭汽车世界。
一、汽车部件与结构（Automobile Parts and Structure）1. Engine（发动机）The engine is the heart of a car and is responsible for generating power.- Cylinder（汽缸）A cylindrical chamber in the engine where combustion takes place.- Piston（活塞）A sliding piece within the cylinder that helps convert pressure into mechanical energy.- Crankshaft（曲轴）A rotating shaft that transforms linear motion into rotational motion.2. Transmission（变速器）The transmission transfers power from the engine to the wheels.- Gear（齿轮）A rotating wheel with teeth that meshes with other gears to transfer power.- Clutch（离合器）A mechanism that connects and disconnects the engine from the transmission.3. Suspension（悬挂系统）The suspension system helps to absorb shocks and maintain contact between the tires and the road.- Shock absorber（减震器）A device that controls the up-and-down movement of the suspension.- Strut（支撑杆）A structural component that provides support and stability to the suspension.二、驾驶操作与行驶安全（Driving Operations and Safety）1. Accelerate（加速）To increase the speed of the vehicle.2. Brake（刹车）To slow down or stop the vehicle.3. Turn signal（转向灯）A blinking light that indicates the direction a vehicle is about to turn.4. Lane（车道）A designated area of the road for a single line of vehicles.5. Speed limit（速度限制）The maximum speed allowed on a specific road.6. Seatbelt（安全带）A safety device that secures passengers in their seats during a car ride.7. Airbag（安全气囊）A safety device that inflates rapidly during a collision to protect passengers.三、维修与保养（Repair and Maintenance）1. Oil change（换油）The process of draining old oil from an engine and replacing it with fresh oil.2. Tire rotation（轮胎轮换）The act of moving tires from one position to another on a vehicle to ensure even wear.3. Battery（电池）The device that stores electrical energy to start the engine and power other parts of the car.4. Spark plug（火花塞）A device that ignites the air-fuel mixture in the engine's combustion chamber.5. Brake pad（刹车片）A flat component that presses against the brake disc to slow or stop the vehicle.四、购车与交通规则（Buying a Car and Traffic Regulations）1. Dealership（经销商）A business that sells new or used cars.2. Test drive（试驾）The act of driving a car to assess its performance before purchasing it.3. Traffic jam（交通拥堵）A situation where vehicles are unable to move due to congestion on the road.4. Parking lot（停车场）An area designated for parking vehicles.5. Speeding ticket（超速罚单）A ticket issued to drivers who exceed the speed limit.五、环保与新能源汽车（Environmental Protection and Electric Vehicles）1. Hybrid car（混合动力汽车）A vehicle that combines an internal combustion engine with an electric motor.2. Electric car（电动汽车）A vehicle that is powered by an electric motor and battery.3. Emission（排放）The release of gases or pollutants into the atmosphere.4. Renewable energy（可再生能源）Energy sources that can be replenished naturally, such as solar power or wind power.总结（Conclusion）通过学习这些汽车英语词汇，您将能够更好地理解和沟通汽车领域的知识。
汽车英语——汽车构造
Lesson TwoStructure of AutomobileUseful sentences:1.Automobiles are basically the same in structure.汽车的构造基本上是一样的。
2.Any automobiles is composed of four sections such as engine, chassis, body and electricalsystem.任何汽车都由四部分组成如发动机、底盘、车身以及电气系统。
3.The engine is used to supply for an automobile.发动机用以向汽车提供动力。
4.The engine converts the expanding force of combustion into rotary force used to propel thevehicle.发动机把内燃所产生的膨胀力转变成旋转力用以推动车辆的前进。
5.The chassis is a framework used to assemble auto components on it.底盘是一个用以总装汽车部件的框架。
6. A chassis itself is divided into three systems like driving system, steering system and brakesystem.底盘本身可以分成三个系统如传动系、转向系和制动系。
7.The auto body contains a driving room, and a passenger or loading room.车身包括驾驶室、乘客厢或货厢。
8.An electric system supplies lighting and driving power for the automobile.电气系统向汽车提供照明和驱动电力。
1 Automobile Structure
Exercise
II. Match the two columns.
1. car body
2. chassis 3. engine
4. electrical system
A. makes the car look beautiful B. makes the car run C. helps the car run steadily D. provides good lighting and driving power
电气系统为许多汽车部件提供电源。如起动系统，照明系统等。
Exercise
I. Make true or false
1._____F___ An automobile has three major components. 2._____T___ The engine is the heart a of vehicle. 3. ____F____ The car body includes windows, doors and a chassis. 4. ____T____ The chassis is the frame of a vehicle. 5. ____F____ The electrical system only supplies the electricity for the engine.
words sentences
1 2 3 4
A
C
automobile body
chassis
B
electrical system
D
engine
where? what?
1
汽车展览会
部件
There are thousands of components in a automobile.
汽车专业英语unit 5 Automobile Structure
electrical system.
Listening and Speaking
Oral practice. • 1.Practise the drills.
electrical system body chassis four engine
Each automobile is made up of __f_o_u_r _ parts. The e_n_g_i_n_e makes the car look beautiful; the ___b_o_d_y____ makes the car run; the ___c_h_a_s_s_is__ helps the car run steadily; the __e_le_c_tr_ic_a_l_s_y_s_t_e_m provides good lighting and driving power.
power ['paʊə(r)] n. 动力
Listening and Speaking
•
2.Listen again and match.
A
B
• 1.auto body
a) make the car look beautiful
• 2. chassis
b)make the car run
• 3 engine
c)help the car run steadily
(1) How many………
(2)There are………
• 2. Practise the dialogue in pairs.
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I. Pre-questions Which is called the “ heart” of automobile? An engine that is used to supply power for an automobile
What is the chassis composed of?
I. Pre-questions What are the functions of the four systems? Driving system works by transmitting engine power to the driving wheels. Suspension system’s function is to increase strength and durability of components and to meet customers’ requirements for riding comfort and driving safety. Steering system is used to control the driving direction of an automobile. Brake system is used to retard the motion of the vehicle.
III. Exercises
I. Translate the following sentences into Chinese.
In effect, the driving system works by transmitting engine power to the driving wheels. 实际上，传动系统的作用是将发动机的动力传递到驱动车轮。 实际上，传动系统的作用是将发动机的动力传递到驱动车轮。 The electric system supplies lighting and driving power for the automobile. 电气系统可为汽车提供照明和驱动的电力。 电气系统可为汽车提供照明和驱动的电力。 The body styling provides an attractive, colorful, modern appearance for the vehicle. 车身的式样为汽车提供了诱人的，多彩的，现代的外观形象。 车身的式样为汽车提供了诱人的，多彩的，现代的外观形象。
driving system, running gear, steering system and brake system.
I. Pre-questions
running gear Steering system
Brake Driving system system
I. Pre-questions What is the electrystem includes the battery, generator, starting system, ignition system, lighting system, horn system, radio and other devices.
Unit one
Automobile Structure
Specialized English for Automobile
Contents I. Pre-questions
II. Text Explanation III. Exercises
I. Pre-questions Types of Modern Automobiles 1）cars ） 2）passenger cars ） 3）trucks ） 4）tractors and vehicle combination ） 5）special type vehicle ） 6）Self-dumping car ） 7）farm vehicle ） 8) off-road vehicle
II. Text Explanation In other words
In other words, they remain relatively constant or static. 换句话说，它们相对的稳定、静止。 换句话说，它们相对的稳定、静止。 In other words, we have adhered to scientific socialism. 也就是说，我们坚持了科学社会主义。 也就是说，我们坚持了科学社会主义。
II. Text Explanation
In 1956, the No. 1 Auto Plant was established in Changchun, and turned out the first batch of liberation automobiles for our country. establish vt.建立 设立 确定 建立, 建立 设立, turned out vt. 生产 起床 翻出 制造 关掉 生产, 起床, 翻出, 制造, 译文： 译文：在1956年，一汽在长春成立了，并且为我 年 一汽在长春成立了， 们国家生产出了第一批解放牌轿车。 们国家生产出了第一批解放牌轿车。
II. Text Explanation
turn out A vast crowd turned out to watch the match. 大群的观众到场观看比赛。 大群的观众到场观看比赛。 If the day turns out wet we may have to change our plans. 万一下雨的话，我们也许得改变计划。 万一下雨的话，我们也许得改变计划。
III. Exercises
Translate the following expressions into Chinese. chassis 底盘 driving system 传动系统 internal combustion engine 内燃机 steering system 转向系统 braking system 制动系统 clutch 离合器 gearbox 变速箱 universal joint 万向节 propeller shaft 驱动轴 generator 发电机
be composed of
Navy must be composed of surface ship unit and submarine unit. 海军一定是由水面舰艇部队和潜艇部队组成。 海军一定是由水面舰艇部队和潜艇部队组成。
II. Text Explanation The internal combustion engine burns fuel within the cylinders and converts the expanding force of the combustion or “explosion” into rotary force used to propel the vehicle. The internal combustion engine 内燃机 Convert …..into…..使转变 转换 使转变, 使转变 转换... Propel vt.推进 驱使 推进, 推进 译文：内燃机在汽缸内燃烧燃料， 译文：内燃机在汽缸内燃烧燃料，然后把燃烧或者 爆炸”所产生的膨胀力变成旋转力， “爆炸”所产生的膨胀力变成旋转力，用以推动车 辆前进。 辆前进。
II. Text Explanation Brake system is a balanced set of mechanical and hydraulic devices used to retard the motion of the vehicle by means of friction. Hydraulic [hai dr lik] adj. 液压的 水力的 液压的, Retard [ri t d] vt. 延迟 使减速 阻碍 延迟, 使减速,阻碍 Friction [ frik n] n.摩擦 摩擦力 摩擦, 摩擦 译文：制动系统是一套平衡的机械和液压设备， 译文：制动系统是一套平衡的机械和液压设备， 它可通过摩擦来阻止车辆的运动。 它可通过摩擦来阻止车辆的运动。
III. Exercises
Identify the English names of clutch according to the picture.
1-engine; 2-clutch; 3-gearbox; 4-propeller shaft; 5-differential; 6-rear axle
II. Text Explanation In other words, any automobile is composed of the sections such as engine, chassis, body and electric system. In other words 换句话说 be composed of 由….组成 组成 译文：换句话说，任何一辆汽车都是由发动机、 译文：换句话说，任何一辆汽车都是由发动机、 底盘、车身和电器设备组成的。 底盘、车身和电器设备组成的。
II. Text Explanation
by means of 用…..方式（方法），依靠 方式（ ），依靠 方式 方法）， They succeeded by means of perseverance. 他们依靠坚忍不拔而获得成功。 他们依靠坚忍不拔而获得成功。 He always goes to school by means of bike 他总是骑自行车上学
II. Text Explanation Convert …..into….. They converted the garage into a theater. 他们将车库改成戏院。 他们将车库改成戏院。 convert water into ice. 将水变成冰 converting feet into meters. 将英尺换算成公尺
III. Exercises