英语第一单元知识点总结

Unit 1知识目标高频词German，blog，grammar，sound，complete，hobby，county，age，dream，everyone，Germany，mountain，elder，friendly，engineer，world，Japan，flat，yourself高频词组close to ，go to school，（be）good at，make friends with，all over，I’d liketo=would like to语法1.知道what，where，who，how old，when，why，how，which，how many的含义。

2.能用以上的特殊疑问词来提问，并能回答问题；3.知道不定冠词a，an的含义4.能在句子中准确地运用冠词。

【单词·要点】1.German作形容词时意为“德国的，德国人的，德语的”；作名词时，表示“德国人”，是可数名词，其复数形式在其后加s，表示“德语”是不可数名词。

2.everyone 每个人。

作主语时，be动词用单数e.g.Everyone is here. 人都到齐了。

辨析everyone与every oneeveryone 每个人只指人其后不能接of短语every one 每一个既可指人，也可指物其后可与of短语连用3.favourite 最喜欢的Favourite通常用来作定语，没有比较级和最高级形式，在含义上相当于like best。

What’s one’s favourite...?=What...does/do sb. like best?4.dream作可数名词时，意为“梦想”。

还可意为“梦，睡梦”。

dream还可用作动词，意为“梦想，做梦”，常用于dream of/about（doing)sth.结构意为“梦见/想（做）某事”。

e.g.I never dream of/about happiness like this. 我从来没想到会这样幸福。

5.elder adj.年长的，与younger相对。

辨析elder与olderelder 用来表示兄弟姐妹及子女之间的长幼关系常用作定语都是old的比较级older 泛指新旧、老幼或年龄的大小关系可用作表语或定语e.g.My elder brother is one year older than me.6.friendly adj.友好的。

be friendly to sb. 意为“对某人友好”。

friendly 虽然以-ly结尾，但它的词性是形容词，而不是副词。

类似的形容词还有：lovely可爱的lonely 孤独的lively 生动的Ugly丑的silly 傻的daily 每日的7.many adj.许多的；也可作代词，意为“许多”。

e.g.There are many students in the school yard.在校园里有许多学生。

Many of us think so.我们中有很多人这样认为。

辨析：many，much与a lot of/lots ofmany 修饰可数名词复数many cars many people much 修饰不可数名词much water much timea lot of/lots of 修饰可数名词复数和不可数名词 a lot of cars/water8.want 及物动词，意为“想要”，常见句型结构有：want +名词想要..... I want an apple.want +动词不定式想要做某事I want to go there.want sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事He wants me to go.9.enjoy 及物动词，意为”喜欢，享受....”，后常接名词、代词或动名词作宾语。

10.need①作实义动词时，意为“需要”,有人称、数和时态的变化，其后常接名词、代词或不定式作宾语。

need to do sth. 需要做某事。

e.g.We need some water.②作情态动词时，意为“需要”，无时态和人称的变化，常用于疑问句和否定句中，其后跟动词原形。

need 用于一般疑问句是，肯定回答用must，否定回答用needn’t。

回答以must开头的问句，作否定回答时一般用needn’t。

e.g.Need he sweep the floor now?他需要现在扫地吗？—Yes，he must./No,he needn’t.11.other 另外的，其他的。

后接单数或复数名词。

e.g.My other hobbies are watching TV and reading books.辨析other，the other，others，the others 与anotherother 泛指“其他的人或物”可作形容词或代词e.g.Do you have any other question?the other 指两者中的另一个 e.g.He lives on the other side ofthe river.others 指（三者以上）其余的人（物）作主语、宾语e.g.Give me some others，please。

the others 特指某一范围内的“其他的”作主语 e.g.Two boys will go to the zoo，and the others will staysat home。

Ex.Lily and her sister look the same. I can’t tell one from .A.otherB.the othersC.the otherD.others【短语·要点】1.play basketball打篮球。

在英语中，表示进行某种球类运动时，直接用“play+表示球类的单数名词”即可，在球类运动名词前不加任何冠词。

Play后接西洋乐器类名词时，表示“演奏....”，在西洋乐器类名词前必须加定冠词the。

Ex. Bill likes playing volleyball,but he doesn’t like playing piano.A.the;theB./;theC.the;/2.be good at意为“擅长....”，后接名词、代词或动名词，同义词组为do well in。

表示“不擅长....”或“在某方面做得不好”，用be bad/poor at.../do badly in.../be weak in...。

辨析be good at,be good for与be good tobe good at 擅长Jenny is good at dancing.be good for 对....有好处Vegetables are good for us.be good to 对....好Our teachers are very good to us.Ex. 1）English is my favourite subject,and I am good it.A.forB.toC.atD.of2）Amy is good at .A.swimB.swimmingC.swimingD.swims3.look like表示“看起来像….”look是感官动词，后面跟形容词。

look也可以和like搭配，表示“看起来像….”，后面跟名词。

e.g.You look so beautiful today.e.g.The hill looks like an elephane.4.by school bus意为“乘校车”by+表示交通工具的单数名词，构成表示交通方式的介宾短语，意为“乘坐/骑......”。

by bicycle骑自行车by taxi坐出租车by car 乘小汽车by bus 乘公共汽车by train坐火车by plane坐飞机“by+交通工具名词”在句中作方式状语，提问时用疑问副词how。

5.take the bus意为“乘公共汽车”辨析take与bytake 动词都有“搭乘”之意take后的交通工具前应加限定词作谓语by 介词by后的交通工具前不加限定词作状语e.g.I take the bus to school.= I go to school by bus.6.answer to these questions意为“这些问题的答案”介词to在此表示归属或附加，意为“归于，属于”。

the key to the door门的钥匙the bridge to the knowledge通往知识的桥the way to school 去学校的路7.lots of = a lot of意为“许多的，大量的”。

辨析lots of/a lot of与a lotlots of/a lot of 大量的常用在名词前作定语，表示数量，a lot 大量，非常可作主语、表语、宾语或状语，但不能修饰名词。

e.g.They need lots of milk everyday.Mr Green knows a lot about China.（作宾语）Monkeys like eating bananas a lot.（作状语）8.hope to do sth.意为“希望做某事”，动词不定时作宾语。

e.g.I hope to be your friend.相关结构：hope for盼望，期待。

e.g.We hope for the best.hope+(that)从句... 希望...e.g.I hope that they win the match！10.hear from 意为“收到.....的来信”，相当于get/recrive a letter from....。

e.g.It’t great to hear from you.11.a boy called Bruce一名叫布鲁斯的男孩called是call的过去分词。

过去分词短语called Bruce作后置定语，修饰名词boy。

called在此处相当于named。

【用法集萃】1.listen to 听2.close to接近3.all over the world 全世界4.far away from远离5.pay attention to注意6.start with以....开始7.on the Internet 8.in English 用英语9.learn about了解10.tell sb. about sth.告诉某人关于某事11.welcome to 欢迎光临12.be from = come from 来自13.make friends with sb.与某人交朋友14.like/enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事15.live in居住在...16.would like to do sth.想做某事17.would like sb. to do sth.想某人做某事Exercises：1）I’d like you for a picnic with us.A.goB.to goC.goingD.went2）The students in Class Two like sports.A.playingB.palyC.playsD.played3）There a pencil and two rulers in the pencil-box.A.areB.isC.beD.have4）Linda wants basketball with us this afternoon.A.playB.to playC.playsD.playing5）Do you know the girl Amy?A.callB.callsC.calledD.calling6）Where your Englis teacher come from?A.isB.areC.doD.does7）It’s very hard for us to work out the answer the question.A.inB.ofC.onD.to8）Do you want tennis with me on Saturday morning?A.to playB.playC.playing9）Do you enjoy English in our class,Mr Green?A.teachB.taughtC.to teachD.teaching10）Lisa is a little poor at Chinese.I think she needs it every day.A.practise to speakB.to practise speakingC.practise speaking11）What does your new school ?A.likeB.lookC.look likeD.looks like12）She looks very in her new dress.A.beautyB.beautifulC.beautifullyD.more beautiful13）Her mother goes to work bus every morning.A.byB.atC.onD.in【句子·要点】1.My dream is to be an engineer.我的梦想是成为一名工程师。