医学专业英语前后缀及词根
医学英语词汇词缀规则
医学英语词汇词缀规则
医学英语词汇的词缀规则主要包括前缀、后缀和连接元音等部分。
前缀主要用于改变原词的意思，可以分为四类，分别是表示事物基本状况的词缀、表示时间、方向或者位置的词缀、表示相互关系的词缀以及表示数字的词缀。
例如，“a-”和“an-”表示“没有，无”，如“asymptomatic”表示“无症状的”；“ante-”表示“在前”，如“antecubital”表示“肘前的”；“iso-”表示“相等，均等”，如“isometric”表示“等长的”；“tetra-”表示“四”，如“Tetralogy of Fallot”表示“法
洛四联症”。
后缀主要用于改变词根的词性，可以分为名词后缀、动词后缀、形容词后缀和副词后缀等。
例如，“-ia”表示状态或病症，如“paresis”表示“轻瘫”；“-ate”表示动词，如“hypercalcemia”表示“高钙血症”；“-ic”表示形容词，如“tetanic”表示“强直的”；“-tion”表
示行为或过程，如“intrusion”表示“入侵”。
连接元音用于连接词根和后缀，通常是“-o-”。
例如，“enter-o-scope”表示“肠镜”；“enter-o-logist”表示“肠道病学家”。
除了以上规则外，医学英语词汇中还有很多拉丁和希腊词根、词缀，这些词根、词缀的拆分和组合方式对于记忆和理解医学英语词汇有很大的帮助。
因此，掌握这些规则和词根、词缀，可以有效地扩大医学英语词汇量，提高阅读和理解医学文献的能力。
医学英语词根、前后缀
a 前缀无ab 前缀从...离开acantho 词根棘，刺acetabulo 词根髋臼acouo 词根听觉acro 词根顶，肢acromio 词根肩峰ad 前缀向...靠近，到...上adeno 词根腺adipo 词根脂肪的adreno 词根肾上腺aero 词根气agglutino 词根凝集agra 后缀严重的疼痛albo 前缀白algesi 词根痛觉的感受algia 后缀痛alveolo 词根肺泡alveolo 词根牙槽amnio 词根羊膜amphi 前缀两侧ampullo 词根壶腹amylo 词根淀粉an 前缀无ana 前缀向上，重回到andro 词根雄aneurysmo 词根异常扩大angi/o 词根：脉管、血管angin/o 词根阻塞ankylo 词根弯曲ano 词根肛门ante 前缀在……前的、…..前的、向前的anti 前缀抗aorto 词根主动脉apico 词根顶apo 前缀离去，从appendico 词根阑尾appendo 词根阑尾aquo 词根水arterio 词根动脉arteriolo 词根小动脉arthro 词根关节articulo 词根关节ase 后缀酶astr/o 词根星atel/o 词根不完全的，有缺陷的athero 词根脂肪堆积、粥样atrio 词根腔、心房audio 词根听觉auro 词根耳auro 词根金auto 前缀自axio 词根轴balano 词根龟头bary 前缀重、压bi 前缀双，倍bili 词根胆汁blast 后缀母细胞、未成熟的细胞blenno 词根粘液blepharo 词根睑brachy 词根短brady/o 词根：慢bronchio 词根支气管bronchiolo 词根细支气管broncho 词根支气管bulbo 词根球部burso 词根滑液囊caco 词根坏calcaneo 词根跟骨calci 词根钙capillo 词根非常小的血管capnia 后缀二氧化碳carcino 词根癌carcinoma 后缀癌cardio 词根心cata 前缀向下cautero 词根燃烧ceco 词根盲肠cele 后缀突出、积水celio 词根腹cemento 词根牙骨质centesis 后缀穿刺术centi 前缀百分之一cerebello 词根小脑cerebro 词根大脑cerumino 词根耵聍cervico 词根颈cervico 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词根纤维fibro 词根纤维组织fibulo 词根腓骨folliculo 词根小腔，囊galacto 词根乳gameto 词根配子ganglio 词根神经节gangliono 词根神经节gastro 词根胃genito 词根生殖的、再生的gero 词根年龄geronto 词根年龄geusia 后缀味gingivo 词根牙龈glauco 前缀灰绿glio 词根胶质，粘globo 词根球glomerulo 词根小球glosso 词根舌gluco 词根糖glyco 词根糖gnatho 词根颌gnosis 后缀知识gonado 词根性腺gono 词根生殖器gram 后缀记录granulo 词根结节graph 后缀记录graphy 后缀记录gravido 词根妊娠gyneco 词根女性halo 词根盐haplo 前缀单hebe 前缀青年hecto 前缀百helcosis 后缀溃疡形成hemato 词根血hemi 前缀半hemo 词根血hepato 词根肝hernio 词根疝hidro 词根汗histo 词根组织holo 词根整个humero 词根肱骨hyalo 词根透明的hyper 前缀超过，高hypno 词根睡眠hypo 前缀低hystero 词根子宫ia 后缀状况iatrics 后缀愈合iatry 后缀愈合ictero 词根黄疸idio 词根自己ileo 词根回肠immuno 词根免疫in 前缀在内in 前缀不in 后缀素incudo 词根砧骨infra 前缀在下ino 词根纤维inter 前缀在...之间intra 前缀在内iono 词根离子irido 词根虹膜iro 词根虹膜ischio 词根坐骨ism 后缀状况iso 词根异，相等ist 后缀者itis 后缀炎ium 后缀部分jejuno 词根空肠kal 词根钾karyo 词根核kerato 词根角质，硬kerato 词根角膜kilo 前缀千kinesia 后缀移动kleisis 后缀关闭klepto 词根偷窃kypho 词根驼背labio 词根唇labyrintho 词根迷路lacrimo 词根眼泪，泪小管lamino 词根椎板laparo 词根腹壁laryngo 词根喉leuko 前缀白linguo 词根舌lipo 词根脂肪lithiasis 后缀结石litho 词根石lobo 词根叶logist 后缀学者lordo 词根弯曲luco 词根光，透明lumbo 词根腰lympho 词根淋巴lysis 后缀溶解malacia 后缀软化malleo 词根锤骨mammo 词根乳房mandibulo 词根下颌骨mania 后缀极端、强制、偏见masto 词根乳房maxillo 词根上颌骨mediastino 词根纵隔mega 词根大megalo 词根大melano 前缀黑meningio 词根脑膜meningo 词根脑膜meno 词根月经mento 词根颏mento 词根精神、心理mero 词根部分mesentero 词根肠系膜meso 词根中间的meta 前缀超过，在后metacarpo 词根掌骨metatarso 词根柘骨meter 后缀测量工具metro 词根子宫metry 后缀测量micro 词根微milli 前缀千分之一mono 前缀单muco 词根粘液multi 前缀多musculo 词根肌肉muto 词根变化，突变myco 词根真菌myelino 词根髓myelo 词根脊髓，骨髓myo 词根肌肉myoso 词根肌肉myringo 词根耳鼓myxo 词根粘液narco 词根麻木naso 词根鼻natri 词根钠necro 词根死亡neo 词根新nephro 词根肾neuro 词根神经nigro 前缀黑nodo 词根结nucleo 词根核obstetrico 词根产科occluso 词根牙（牙合）oculo 词根眼odonto 词根牙齿odynia 后缀痛oid 后缀象...样的olecrano 词根肘oligo 词根少oma 后缀瘤omento 词根网膜omphalo 词根脐onco 词根肿瘤，块onycho 词根甲，甲床ooo 词根卵子oophoro 词根卵巢ophthalmo 词根眼opia 后缀视觉or 后缀器具，者orchido 词根睾丸orchio 词根睾丸orexi 词根食欲oro 词根口orrhagia 后缀大量流出orrhaphy 后缀缝合术orrhea 后缀流出、分泌orrhexis 后缀破裂ortho 词根直的osis 后缀病理状况osteo 词根骨ostomy 后缀造口或吻合oto 词根耳ous 后缀含...的，分泌...的ovario 词根卵巢ovo 词根卵子oxo 词根氧oxy 词根氧palato 词根腭pallio 词根减轻palpebro 词根睑pancreato 词根胰腺papillo 词根乳头状突起par(t)o 词根娩出para 前缀旁，异parasympathetico 词根副交感parasympathico 词根副交感parasympatho 词根副交感parathyroido 词根甲状旁腺patello 词根髌骨pathy 后缀病理状况pectoro 词根胸pelvo 词根骨盆penia 后缀不足peno 词根阴茎pento 前缀五pepsi 词根消化pepti 词根消化per 前缀通过peri 前缀周围perineo 词根会阴peritoneo 词根腹膜pexy 后缀固定phaco 词根晶体phago 词根吞噬phalango 词根指骨phallo 词根阴茎pharmaco 词根药pharyngo 词根咽philo 词根嗜phlebo 词根静脉phobia 后缀害怕photo 词根光，透明phrenia 后缀精神、心理phrenico 词根膈神经phreno 词根膈phylaxis 后缀保卫physis 后缀生长pinealo 词根松果体plasia 后缀形成plasm 后缀形成的东西plasmo 词根浆plasty 后缀成形plegia 后缀麻痹pleuro 词根胸膜pnea 后缀呼吸pneumo 词根气，肺pneumono 词根气，肺poiesis 后缀产生polio 前缀灰白poly 前缀多polypo 词根息肉post 前缀在后pre 前缀在前pro 前缀在后proto 前缀第一、原始procto 词根肛门和直肠pros 前缀到，靠近，附上prostato 词根前列腺prostho 词根假牙，义肢pseudo 词根假psycho 词根精神、心理ptosis 后缀下垂ptyalo 词根唾液ptyo 词根唾液pubio 词根耻骨pubo 词根耻骨pulmo 词根肺pulmono 词根肺pupillo 词根瞳孔pyelo 词根肾盂pyloro 词根幽门pyo 词根脓pyro 词根热quadri 前缀四quarto 前缀四rachio 词根脊柱radico 词根根治radio 词根桡骨radio 词根放射recto 词根直肠reno 词根肾reticulo 词根网retino 词根视网膜retro 词根向后rhino 词根鼻roentgeno 词根X线rub 前缀红saccharo 词根糖sacculo 词根小囊saliva 词根唾液salpingo 词根管salpingo 词根管，输卵管sarco 词根肉sarco 词根肉瘤sarcoma 后缀肉瘤scapulo 词根肩胛schesis 后缀抑制排出schizo 词根分裂schizo 词根分裂sclerosis 后缀硬化scolio 词根弯曲scope 后缀镜scopy 后缀镜检查scroto 词根阴囊sebo 词根油脂seco 词根切semi 前缀半semino 词根精子septo 词根腐败sialadeno 词根唾液腺sialo 词根唾液sidero 词根铁sigmoido 词根乙状结肠silico 词根硅sino 词根窦somato 词根体somni 词根睡眠sono 词根声sopori 词根沉睡spermato 词根精子spermo 词根精子sphinctero 词根括约肌sphygmo 词根脉搏spino 词根脊髓spiro 词根呼吸splanchno 词根内脏spleno 词根脾spondylo 词根椎骨stapedo 词根镫骨staphylo 词根束stasis 后缀制止、停止stasis 后缀停止steato 词根脂肪stenosis 后缀狭窄stereo 词根立体sterno 词根胸骨stero 词根固stetho 词根胸stomato 词根口sub 前缀在下submaxillo 词根下颌骨succo 词根分泌sudoro 词根汗super 前缀在上supra 前缀高于surgery 后缀外科surgico 词根外科sympathetico 词根交感sympathico 词根交感sympatho 词根交感syn 前缀合成syndesmo 词根韧带synovio 词根滑液syringo 词根瘘管tacho 词根快速talo 词根踝，距骨tarso 词根踝，跗骨taxis 后缀排列tel 词根远的tele 词根远的tendino 词根腱tendo 词根腱。
医学专业英语词根分析法
医学专业英语词汇往往都比较长，这心然会给广大医务工作者记忆单词带来极大的困难。
那么，如何克服困难，从而达到快速记忆的目的呢？本章通过列举大量常驻用医学词汇的分解式实例，来充分说词根在快速记忆单词时所起的重要作用。
学习才应该熟记它们的拼法和含义，除此之外，再熟练掌握一些常用的前缀和后缀，可以断定，拼写特长的单词也全变得容易记忆了。
一、循环系统【A】Ⅰ，a-一个aneurism动脉瘤（一个扩大的动脉状态）a + neur + ism∣∣∣一个扩大状态Ⅱ，an-无anoxemia缺氧血症an + ox + emia∣∣∣无氧血症Ⅲ，angei-，angi-，angio- 血管1，angeitis脉管炎7，angiochondroma血管软骨瘤angei + itis angio+chondr+oma∣∣︱︱︱血管炎血管软骨瘤（angei-中的i被去掉了）2，angiectasis血管扩张8，angiodermatitis皮血管炎angi + ectasis angio+dermat+itis∣∣︱︱︱血管扩张血管皮炎3，angitis脉管炎9，angiolipoma血管脂肪瘤ang + itis angio+lip+oma∣∣︱︱︱脉管炎血管脂肪瘤（angi-不的I被去掉了）4，angioblast成血管细胞10，angioneuromyoma血管神经肌瘤angio + blast angio+neuro+my+oma∣∣︱︱︱︱血管成…细胞血管神经肌瘤5，angiocardiography心血管造影术11，angioparalysis血管麻痹病angi + cardio + graphy angio+paraly+sis∣∣∣︱︱︱血管心脏照相术血管麻痹病6，angiocardiopathy心血管病angio+cardio+pathy︱︱︱血管心病Ⅳ，arter-，arteri-，arteria-，arterio-动脉1，artery动脉6，arterole 小动脉arte + ry arteri + ole︱︱︱︱动脉n.suf（名词后缀）动脉小管（arter-中的r被去掉了）2，arterial动脉的7，arterialization （静脉）动脉化arteri + al arteria + liza + tion︱︱︱︱︱动脉 a.suf 动脉化n.suf（同前）(…的)（形容词后缀）3，arteriarctia 动脉缩窄8，arteriodilating 动脉扩张的arteri + arct + ia arterio+dilat+ing︱︱︱︱︱︱动脉缩窄病动脉扩张…的4，arteriectasia 动脉扩张9，arterionecrosis 动脉坏死arteri + ectas + ia arterio+necro+sis︱︱︱︱︱︱动脉扩张病动脉坏死病5，arteriectomy 动脉切除术10，arteriosclerosis 动脉硬化arteri + ectomy arterio+sclero+sis︱︱︱︱︱动脉切除术动脉硬化病Ⅴ，asthma-气喘1，asthma气喘2，asthmatic气喘的asthmat+ic︱︱气喘 a.suf(…的)Ⅵ，ather-athero-粥样的1，atheroma 粥样（粉）瘤5，atheronecrosis 粥样坏死ather + oma athero+necro+sis︱︱︱︱︱粥样（粉）瘤粥样坏死病2，atherogenesis 粥样硬化形成6，atherosclerosis 动脉粥样硬化athero + gene + sis athero + sclero + sis︱︱︱︱︱︱粥样产生病（指硬化）（动脉）粥样硬化病3，atherogenic 致粥样硬化的7，atherosis 粥样硬化athero + gen + ic athero + sis︱︱︱︱︱粥样致 a.suf（…的）（同前）粥样病4，atheromatosis 粥样硬化病athero+matosis︱︱粥样病Ⅶ，atri- atrio- 心房1，atrial 心房的5，atriotome 心房切开刀atri + al atrio + tome︱︱︱︱心房 a.suf 心房（切开）刀2，atrium 心房6，atriotomy 心房切开术atri + um atri + otomy︱︱︱︱心房n.suf 心房切开术3，atriocarotid (心)房颈动脉的7，atrioventricular 房室的atrio + carotid atrio + ventricul + ar︱︱︱︱︱心房颈动脉的心房室 a.suf（与…有关的）4，atrioseptopecy 房间隔修补术atrio + septo + pexy︱︱︱心房间隔修补术【B】Ⅰ，bi-1，bicuspid 二尖瓣，二尖瓣的2，bigemina 二联脉bi+cuspid bi + gemin + a︱︱︱︱︱二尖（瓣）二成对n.sufⅡ，brady- 徐缓、迟缓1，bradycardia 心动过缓3，bradydiastole 心舒张期延长brady + cardia brady+diastole︱︱︱︱过缓心（动）延长舒张期2，bradycrotic 脉搏徐缓的brady+crotic︱︱徐缓脉搏的【C】Ⅰ，capil-, capillar-, capillar-, capillari-, capillaro- 毛细（血管）1，capillary 毛细血管的5，capillariomotor 毛细血管运动capill + ary capillario+motor︱︱︱︱毛细血管 a.suf（与…有关的）毛细血管运动2，capillarectasis 毛细血管扩张6，capillarioscopy 毛细显微镜检capillar + ectasis capillario+scopy︱︱︱︱毛细血管扩张毛细镜检查3，capillaritis 毛细管炎7，capillaropathy 毛细管病capillar+itis capillaro+pathy︱︱︱︱毛细炎毛细管病4，capillarity 毛细现象或作用capillari + ty︱︱毛细n.suf(表特性)Ⅱ，cardia-, cardio- 心1，cardiac 心的7，cardiant 心兴奋剂cardi + ac cardi + ant︱︱︱︱心 a.suf( …的) 心药剂（医学上）（cardia-中的a被省略）2，cardialgia 心痛，胃灼痛8，cardiasthma 心性喘息cardi + algia cardi + asthma︱︱︱︱心，胃痛心喘息3，cardiamorphia 心畸形9，cardiovascular 心血管的cardia + morphia cardio + vascul + ar︱︱︱︱︱心形态病心血管 a.suf4，carditis 心炎10，cardiophonography 心音图card + it is cardio+phono+graphy︱︱︱︱︱心炎心血管 a.suf5，cardiogenic 心原性的11，cardiopulmonary 心肺的cardio + gen + ic cardio+pulmon+ary︱︱︱︱︱︱心原 a.suf心肺 a.suf6，cardiomegaly 心肥大cardio+megaly︱︱心肥大Ⅲ，catherter 导管catheterization 导管插入catheter+iz+ation︱︱︱导管化n.sufⅣ，circula- 循环circulation 循环circula + tion︱︱循环n.suf（表抽象含义）Ⅴ，coron- 冠状coronary 冠状的coron + ary︱︱冠状 a.sufⅥ，cyan-, cyano-, cyanot-, 青紫、绀、蓝、氰1，cyanamide氰酰胺3，cyanotic青紫的，紫绀的cyan + amide cyanot + ic∣∣∣∣氰酰胺青紫 a.suf（…的，属…的）2，cyanosis紫绀cyano + sis∣∣绀病态。
(整理)医学专业英语前后缀及词根.
•a-[无，缺] ▲anemia[贫血]▲ atonia[无张力]▲ asymptomatic[无症状的]▲ amenorrhea[闭经]•ab-[分离]▲ abduct [外展]▲ abscision[切除]•acou (acu)-[听觉]▲ acumeter [听力计]▲ acouophone[助听器]•acro-[肢端]▲ acromegaly[肢端肥大症]▲ acromastitis[乳头炎]•ad (af, an)-[邻近，向上]▲ adrenal [肾上腺]▲ adaxial[近轴的]▲ annexa[附件]•-ad[……侧]▲ ventrad[向腹侧]▲ cephalad[向头侧]•adeno-[腺]▲ adenocyte[腺细胞]▲ adenoidism[腺体病]•adipo-[脂肪]▲ adiposis[肥胖症]▲ adiponecrosis[脂肪坏死] •adreno-[肾上腺]▲adrenocorticoid[肾上腺皮质激素]▲ adrenalin[肾上腺素]▲ adrenal[肾上腺]•-aemia(emia)[血症]▲ bacteremia[菌血症]▲ leukemia[白血病]•-albi (albino)-[白色]▲ albumin[白蛋白]▲ albinism[白化病]•-algesia[痛觉]▲hypoalgesia[痛觉减退]•-algia[痛]▲arthralgia[关节痛]▲cephalgia[头痛] ▲neuralgia[神经痛]•alkali-[碱]▲alkalosis[碱中毒]•alveo-[牙槽，小沟]▲alveolitis[牙槽炎]▲alveobronchiolitis[支气管肺泡炎]•ambi-[复，双]▲ ambiopia[复视]▲ ambivert[双重性格]•ambly-[弱]▲amblyopia[弱视]▲amblyaphia[触觉迟钝]•amylo-[淀粉]▲amyloidosis[淀粉酶]▲amylase[淀粉酶]•angio-[血管]▲angiography[血管造影术]▲angioedema[血管性水肿]▲angeitis[脉管炎]▲angiofibroma[血管纤维瘤]•ante-[前]▲antenatal[出生前的]▲anteflexion[前屈]•antero-[前]▲anterolateral[前侧壁]▲anteroventral[前腹侧]•anti-[抗，反]▲antibiotics[抗生素]▲antihypertensives[降压药]▲anticoagulant[抗凝剂]•rarchno-[蛛网膜]▲arachnoiditis[蛛网膜炎]•archo-[肛门，直肠]▲archorrhagia[肛门出血]▲archosyrinx[直肠灌注器]•arterio-[动脉]▲arteriospasm[动脉痉挛]▲arteriosclerosis[动脉硬化]•arthro-[关节]▲arthrocentesis[关节穿刺]▲arthrotomy[关节切开术]▲arthritis[关节炎]•-ase[酶]▲oxidase[氧化酶]▲proteinase[蛋白酶]•-asthenia[无力]▲myasthenia[肌无力]▲neurasthenia[神经衰弱]•audio(audito)-[听力]▲audiology[听觉学]▲audiometer[听力计]•auto-[自己]▲autoimmune[自身免疫]▲auto hemotherapy[自体血疗法]•bacilli-[杆菌]▲bacillosis[杆菌病]▲bacilluria[杆菌尿]医学全在.线提供•bacterio-[细菌]▲bacteriology[细菌学]▲bactericide[杀菌剂]•baro-[压力]▲barometer [压力计]▲baroreceptor[压力感受器]•bary-[迟钝]▲barylalia[言语不清]▲baryacusia[听觉迟钝]•bi-[双]▲bicuspid[二尖瓣]]▲bilateral[两侧的]•bili-[胆汁]▲bilirubin[胆红素]•bio-[生命]▲biology[生物学]▲biopsy[活检]•-blast[母细胞]▲spermatoblast[精子细胞]▲melanoblast[成黑色素细胞]▲osteoblast[成骨细胞]•brachy-[短]▲brachypnea[气短]▲brachydactylia[短指畸形]•brady-[迟缓]▲bradycardia[心动过缓]▲bradypsychia[精神不振]•broncho-[支气管]▲bronchoscopy[支气管镜检查]▲bronchiostenosis[支气管痉挛] ▲bronchitis[支气管炎] •bronchiolo-[细支气管]▲bronchiolectasis[细支气管扩张] •calc i-[钙]▲calcification[钙化]▲calcicosilicosis[钙沉着症] •carbo-[碳]▲carbohydrate[碳水化合物]▲carbohaemia[碳酸血症] •carcino-[癌]▲carcinogen[致癌物]•cardio-[心，贲门]▲cardiotonics[强心剂]▲cardioplasty[贲门成形术]•-cele[疝，肿物]▲omphalocele[脐疝]▲hysterocele[子宫脱垂]▲ophthalmocele[眼球突出] •celio-[腹]▲celialgia[腹痛]▲celioscopy[腹腔镜检查]•-centesis[穿刺]▲arthrocentesis[关节穿刺术] ▲abdominocentesis[腹穿] •cephalo-[头]▲cephaloxia[斜颈]▲cephalopathy[头部疾病]▲cephalotomy[穿颅术] •cerebello-[小脑]▲cerebellitis[小脑炎]▲cerebellum[小脑]•cerebro-[大脑]▲cerebritis[大脑炎]▲cerebrology[脑学]•chemo-[化学]▲chemotherapy[化疗]•chloro-[绿，氯]▲chloroform[氯仿]▲chloromycetin[氯霉素]▲chlorophyll[叶绿素] •cholangio-[胆道]▲cholangitis[胆管炎]▲cholangiectasis[胆管扩张] •cholo-[胆]▲cholagogue[利胆剂]▲cholelithiasis[胆石症]▲cholecystitis[胆囊炎]▲cholesterol[胆固醇]•chondro-[软骨]▲chondrosarcoma[软骨肉瘤]▲chondrification[骨软化]•chromo-[色素] ▲cytochrome[细胞色素]▲chromosome[染色体]•-cide[杀……剂] ▲germicide[杀菌剂]▲aborticide[堕胎药]•cir cum-[周围] ▲circumoral[口周的]▲circumcision[包皮环切术]•coagulo-[凝固] ▲coagulant[凝血剂]•colo-[结肠] ▲colotomy[结肠切开术]▲coloptosis[结肠下垂]•colpo (coleo)-[阴道] ▲coleospastia[阴道痉挛]▲colposcope[阴道镜]•contra-[反，逆] ▲contraindication[禁忌证]▲contraceptive[避孕药]•counter-[反，逆] ▲counteragent[拮抗剂]▲conuterpoison[解毒剂]•cranio-[颅] ▲craniomalacia[颅骨软化]▲cranioclasis[碎颅术]•-cyst-[囊] ▲cystomy[膀胱切开术]▲dacryocyst[泪囊]•-cyte-[细胞] ▲lymphocyte[淋巴细胞]▲cytolysis[细胞溶解]•de-[除去] ▲detoxication[解毒]•dento[牙] ▲dentistry[牙科学]▲dentalgia[牙痛]•-derm-[皮肤] ▲epiderm[表皮]▲dermatology[皮肤病学]▲dermoplasty[皮肤成形术]•dextro-[右] ▲dextrocardia[右位心]▲dexiotropic[右旋的]•dis-[分离] ▲discission[分离术]▲disinfection[消毒法]•duodeno-[十二指肠] ▲duodenitis[十二指肠炎]▲duodenostomy[十二指肠造口术]•-dynia[痛] ▲acrodynia[肢体痛]▲urethrodynia[尿道痛]•dys-[异常] ▲dysfunction[功能不良]▲dyshormonism[内分泌障碍]▲dysuria[排尿困难]医学全在线•-ectasis[扩张] ▲gastroectasis[胃扩张]▲aerenterectasia[肠胀气]▲bronchiectasia[支气管扩张]•-ectomy[切除术] ▲appendectomy[阑尾切除术]▲lipectomy[脂肪切除术]•-edema[水肿] ▲encephaledema[脑水肿]▲myxedema[粘液性水肿]•-emesia[呕] ▲hematemesia[呕血]▲helminthemesia[吐虫]•encephalo-[脑] ▲encephaloma[脑瘤]▲encephaledema[脑水肿]•endo-[内] ▲endocarditis[心内膜炎]▲endoscope[内窥镜]•entero-[肠] ▲enteritis[肠炎]▲enterovirus[肠病毒]•epi-[上，外] ▲epigastrium[上腹部]•erythro-[红] ▲erythromycin[红霉素]▲erythroderma[红皮病] •esophago-[食管] ▲esophagoscope[食管镜]▲esophagitis[食管炎] •extra-[……外] ▲extracellular[细胞外的]▲extrasystole[额外收缩] •facio-[面] ▲facioplegia[面瘫]▲facioplasty[面部成形术] •-fast[耐] ▲acid-fast[抗酸的] ▲uviofast[耐紫外线]•febri-[热] ▲febricula[低热] ▲febrifacient[致热的] •feti-[胎儿] ▲feticulture[妊娠期卫生]▲fetometry[胎儿测量法] •fibro-[纤维] ▲fibroblast[成纤维细胞]▲fibrosis[纤维化]•fore-[前] ▲forebrain[前脑] ▲forehead[前额]•-form[形状] ▲oviform[卵形的] ▲granuliform[颗粒状的] •fungi-[真菌，霉菌] ▲fungicide[杀真菌剂]▲fungistasis[制霉菌作用] •gastro-[胃] ▲gastroptosis[胃下垂]▲gastroenteritis[胃肠炎]▲gastroscopy[胃镜检查]▲gastratrophy[胃萎缩]•-gen [原，剂] ▲glycogen[糖原] ▲pathogen[病原体]▲androgen[雄激素]▲Estrogen[雌激素]•-genic[……性] ▲cardiogenic[心源性的]▲allergenic[变应反应] •giganto-[巨大] ▲gigantocyte[巨红细胞]▲gigantism[巨大症]•gingivo-[牙龈] ▲gingivitis[牙龈炎]▲gingivostomatitis[牙龈口腔炎]•glosso-[舌] ▲glossoplegia[舌瘫痪]•gluco-[糖] ▲glucoprotein[糖蛋白]▲glucocorticoid[糖皮质激素]•glyco-[糖] ▲glycogen[糖原]▲glycouria[糖尿]•-grade[级，度] ▲centigrade[摄氏温度计]▲retrograde[逆行性]•-gram[克，图] ▲microgram[微克]▲electroencephalogram[脑电图]•-graph(y)[……仪（法）] ▲electrocardiogram[心电图]▲bronchography[支气管造影术]•gyneco-[妇女] ▲gynecology[妇科学]▲gynecopathy[妇科病]•hemo(hemato)-[血] ▲hemoglobin[血红蛋白]▲hematoma[血肿]•hemi-[半] ▲hemiplegia[偏瘫]▲hemicrania[偏头病]•hepato-[肝] ▲hepatitis[肝炎]▲hepatocirrhosis[肝硬化]▲hepatosplenomegaly[肝脾肿大]•hidro-[汗] ▲hyperhidrosis[多汗症]▲anhidrosis[无汗症]•histo-[组织] ▲histology[组织学]▲histomorphology[组织形态学]•holo-[全] ▲holonarcosis[全麻]▲holoenzyme[全酶]•homo-[同] ▲homotype[同型]▲homologue[同系物]▲homoplasty[同种移植术]•hydro-[水] ▲hydropericardium[心包积水]▲hydrolysis [水解]•hy pr-[高] ▲hypercalcemia[高钙血症]▲hyperthyroidism[甲亢]•hypno-[睡眼] ▲hypnotics[安眠药]▲hypnotherapy[催眠疗法]•hypo-[低] ▲hypotension[低血压]▲hypoglycemia[低血糖]•hystero-[子宫] ▲hysterospasm[子宫痉挛]▲hysteroptosis[子宫下垂]•-ia[病] ▲melancholia[忧郁症]▲pyrexia[发热]•-iatrics[医学] ▲pediatrics[儿科学]▲geriatrics[老年病学]•-iatry[医学] ▲psychiatry[精神病学]▲pediatry[儿科学]•immuno-[免疫] ▲immunoglobulin[免疫球蛋白]▲immunotherapy[免疫疗法]•infra-[下] ▲infraorbital[眶下的]▲infrared[红外线]•inter-[间] ▲intervertebral[椎间的]▲intercellular[细胞间的]•intra-[内] ▲intravenous[静脉内的]▲intracranial[颅内的]▲intramuscular[肌肉内的]•-ist[家] ▲pathologist[病理学家]▲anatomist[解剖学家]•-itis[炎症] ▲cellulitis[蜂窝织炎]▲myocarditis[心肌炎] •leuco (leuko)-[白] ▲leucorrhea[白带]▲leukocytosis[白细胞增多]▲leukemia[白血病]•lipo-(脂) ▲lipotrophy[脂肪增多]▲lipase[脂酶]•-lith[结石] ▲cholelith[胆结石]▲cholelithiasis[胆石症] •-logy[学] ▲terminology[术语学]▲Cardiology[心脏病学] •lumbo-[腰] ▲lumbosacral[腰骶部的]▲lumbago[腰背痛]▲lumbodynia[腰痛] •lympho-[淋巴] ▲lymphedema[淋巴水肿]▲lymphocytopenia[淋巴细胞减少]•-lysis(lytic)[松解，分解了] ▲aythrolysis[关节松解术]▲spasmolytic[解痉的] •macro-[大] ▲macrophage[巨噬细胞]▲macromolecule[大分子] •ma l-[不良] ▲malnutrition[营养不良]▲malfunction[功能不全] •-megaly[巨大] ▲cardiomegaly[心扩大]▲cephalomegaly[巨头畸形] •meningo-[脑膜] ▲meningitis[脑膜炎]▲meningocephalitis[脑膜脑炎]•meno-[月经] ▲dysmenorrhea[痛经]▲menopause[停经] •-meter[表，计] ▲spirometer[肺活量计]▲pyrometer[高温表]•-metry[测量法] ▲iodometry[碘定量法]•micro-[小] ▲micropump[微泵]▲microliter[微升]•mono-[单-] ▲mononucleosis[单核细胞增多]▲monomer[单体]•multi-[多] ▲multinuclear[多核的]▲multipara[经产妇]•myelo-[髓] ▲myelocele[脊髓膨出]▲myelocyte[髓细胞]•myo-[肌] ▲myocarditis[心肌炎]▲myofibroma[肌纤维瘤]•naso-[鼻] ▲nasoscope[鼻镜]▲nasitis[鼻炎]•neo-[新] ▲neoplasm[瘤]▲neomycin[新霉素]•nephro-[肾] ▲nephropathy[肾病]▲nephrosclerosis[肾硬变]•neuro-[神经] ▲neuroma[神经瘤]▲neurodermatitis[神经性皮炎]•non-[非] ▲non-electrolyte[非电解质]▲nonfetal[非致命的]•nulli-[无] ▲nullipara[未产妇]▲nulligravida[未孕妇]•nutri-[营养] ▲nutrition[营养]▲nutrology[营养学]•oculo-[眼] ▲oculist[眼科医生]▲oculus dexter[右眼]▲oculus sinister[左眼]•oligo-[少] ▲oligophrenia[智力发育不全]▲oliguria[少尿]•-oma[肿瘤] ▲adenoma[腺瘤]▲osteoma[骨瘤]•onco-[肿瘤] ▲oncology[肿瘤学]▲oncogene[癌基因]医.学全在.线提供•ophthalmo-[眼] ▲ophthalmocele[眼球突出]▲ophthalmoplegia[眼肌麻痹]•-osis[病] ▲cirrhosis[肝硬化]▲mycosis[霉菌病]•osteo-[骨] ▲osteomalacia[骨软化]▲osteoarthritis[骨关节炎]•oto-[耳] ▲otolith[耳石]▲otoplasty[耳成形术]▲otopyosis[耳化脓]•pan-[全] ▲panimmunity[多种免疫]▲pantalgia[全身痛]▲pantatrophia[全身营养不良]•-para[产妇] ▲primipara[初产妇]▲nullipara[未产妇]•-pathy[病] ▲dermatopathy[皮肤病]▲Cardiomyopathy[心肌病]•pedia-[儿童] ▲pediatrician[儿科医师]▲pediatrics[儿科学]•-penia[减少] ▲leucopenia[白细胞减少]▲thrombopenia[血小板减少]•per-[经] ▲percutaneous[经皮肤的]•peri-[周围] ▲pericarditis[心包炎]▲perianal[肛周的]•pharmaco-[药] ▲pharmacokinetics[药代动力学]▲physicochemistry[药典]•physio-[物理▲physiotheraphy[理疗]▲physicochemistry[物理化学]•-plasty[成形术] ▲angioplasty[血管成形术]▲homoplasty[同种移植]▲gastroplasty[胃成形术] •-plegia[瘫] ▲paraplegia[截瘫] ▲hemiplegia[偏瘫]•pleuro-[胸膜] ▲pleuritis[胸膜炎]▲pleurocentesis[胸腔穿刺术]•-pnea[呼吸] ▲orthopnea[端坐呼吸]▲tachypnea[呼吸急促] •pneumo-[气，肺] ▲pneumothorax[气胸]▲pneumococcus[肺炎球菌] •poly-[多] ▲polyuria[多尿]▲polycholia[胆汗过多] •post-[后] ▲postpartum[产后] ▲postoperation[术后]•pre-[前] ▲premenopause[绝经前期]▲premature[早搏]▲preload[前负荷]•pseudo-[假] ▲psudohypertrophy[假性肥大]▲psudomembranous[假膜的] •psycho-[精神，心理] ▲psychology[心理学]▲psychiatry[精神病学]•-ptosis[下垂] ▲nephroptosis[肾下垂]▲hysteroptosis[子宫下垂] •-ptysis[咯] ▲pyoptysis[咯脓] ▲hemoptysis[咯血]•pyo-[脓] ▲pyorrhea[溢脓]▲pyosis[化脓]•radio-[放射] ▲radiotherapy[放疗]▲radiology[放射学]•recto-[直肠] ▲rectitis[直肠炎]▲rectectomy[直肠切除术]•retino-[视网膜] ▲retinitis[视网膜炎]▲retinodialysis[视网膜分离]•rhino-[鼻] ▲rhinitis[鼻炎]▲rhinorrhea[鼻漏]•-rrhagia[出血] ▲gastorrhagia[胃出血]▲hemorrhage[出血]▲pneumorrhagia[肺出血]•-rrhaphy[缝合术] ▲neurorrhaphy[神经缝合术]▲Vasorrhaphy[输卵管缝合术]•-rrhea[流出] ▲diarrhea[腹泻]▲menorrhea[月经]•schisto-[裂] ▲schistosomiasis[血吸虫病]▲schistoglossia[舌裂]•scirrho-[硬] ▲scirrhosarca[硬皮病]▲scirrhoma[硬癌]•sclero-[硬] ▲scleroderma[硬皮病]▲sclerometer[硬度计]•-scope(y)[镜，检查] ▲stethoscope[听诊器]▲otoscope[耳镜]▲proctoscopy[直肠镜检查法]•semi-[半] ▲semicoma[半昏迷]▲semiliquid[半流汁]•spondylo-[脊椎] ▲spondylopathy[脊椎病]▲spondylitis[脊椎炎]医.学全,在.线,提供•-stomy[造口术] ▲colostomy[结肠造口术]▲ilecolostomy[回结肠吻合术]•sub-[下，亚] ▲subacute[亚急性]▲subabdominal[下腹部的]•super-[在…上] ▲superficial[浅的]▲superoxide[超氧化物]•supra-[上] ▲supraventricular[室上性的]▲suprarenalism[肾上腺机能亢进]•tachy-[快] ▲tachycardia[心动过速]▲tachypnea[呼吸急促]•-therapy[治疗] ▲massotherapy[按摩治疗]▲pharmacotherapy[药物治疗]•thermo-[热] ▲thermometer[温度计]▲thermatology[热疗学]•thrombo-[血栓，血小板] ▲thrombolysis[溶栓]▲thrombocytopenia[血小板减少症]▲thrombosis[血]•-tomy[切开术] ▲tracheotomy[气管切开术]▲ovariotomy[卵巢切开术]•tracheo-[气管] ▲tracheoscope[气管镜]▲tracheorrhagia[气管出血]•trans-[经，转移] ▲transurethral[经尿道]▲transfusion[输血]•-trophy[营养] ▲dystrophy[营养不良]▲atrophy[萎缩]•ultra-[超过] ▲ultraviolet[紫外线]▲ultrasound[超声]•utero-[子宫] ▲uteroscope[子宫镜]▲uterotonic[宫缩剂]•vaso-[血管] ▲vasomotion[血管舒缩]▲Vasodilator[血管扩张剂]1．人体主要器官前缀名称通用名前（后）缀常用形容词示例心heart cardiao- cardialcardium/carditis/cardiology脑brain encepholo- cerebralcerebrum/encephalitis/encephalology肺lung pulmo- pulmonarypulmontiis/pulmonectomy/pulmonology肝liver hepato- hepatichepatitis/hepatobiliary/hepatology胃stomach gastro- gastricgastritis/gastrointestinal/gastrology胆gallbladder chole- biliaryholecystitis/cholinergic/cholecystectomy肠intestine entero- intestinalenteritis/enterectomy/enterology脾spleen splen- splenicsplenitis/splenectomy/splenology胰pancreas pancreato- pancreaticpancreatitis/pancreatectomy肾kidney nephro- renal/nephricnephritis/nephropathy/nephrology2．与人体系统、器官有关的前（后）缀名称通用名前（后）缀示例血blood hemo-/hematohematology/hemoglobin/hematoma血管vessel vaso-vasopressor/cardiovasology/verebrovascular静脉vein veno-venography/intravenous/venoconstriction动脉artery arterio-arteriology/arteriole/arteriosclerosis肌muscle myo-mycology/myositis/myocarditis髓marrow myel-/myelo-myelocyte/myelitis/myeloma 神经nerve neur-/neyro-neurology/neuritis/neuron细胞cell cyto-/-cytecytology/cytoma/leukocyte尿urine uro-/ur-urology/urosurgery/urogenital体body somato-/somesomatology/somatopsychic/chromosome3．与数字有关的前缀数字前缀示例一（单）mono-/uni-monomer/monoclone/carbonmonoxide/unidirectional二bi-/di- bilateral/biphasiccarbondioxide/dipeptide三tri- trilateral/triphasic/trigeminalnerve四tetra-tetramer/tetracycline/tetraplegia五penta-pentagon/pentachromic/pentachloride六hexa- hexachromic/benzenehexachloride(666)/hexacycliccompiund七hepta-heptachromic/heptaploid/heptavalent八octa- octahedral/octal system九nona- nonapeptide/nonagon十deca- decade/decagram/decaliter注：十位数的表示一般为：个位数前缀+deca，如：hexadecanol（十六烷醇），tetradecapeptide gastrin（十四肽胃泌素），octadecanoic acid（十八烷酸）4．颜色及与颜色有关的前缀颜色通用名前缀示例色color chrom-/chromo-chromosome/chromatin/chromatometer红red erythro-erythrocyte/erythrocyturia/erythrometer白white leuko-leukocyte/leukemia/leukocytuira黑black melano-melena/melanoma/melanoderma黄yellow xantho-xanthopsin/xanthosis/xanthoma蓝blue cyan-/cyanocyanosis/cyanopsia/cyanemia紫violet/purple绿green棕brown brown mixture/brown ring橙orange Victoria orange/ethylorange/orange G粉红pink oink frothy sputum绯红crimson青铜bronzed bronzed diabetes注：有些病名的“蓝”“紫”“青”为同义，其前缀都为“cyano-”.5．与疾病和疾患有关的前（后）缀(1)含义前（后）缀形容词示例病patho-pathogen/pathology/pathogenesis/-pathy -pathicneuropathy/nephropathy/adenopathy病态-osis -oticneurosis/tuberculosis/schistosomiasis增多leukocytosis/erythrocytopenia/granulocytosis减少-penia -penicleukocytopenia/erythrocytopenia/granulocytopenia无a-/an-atypical/anuria/agranulocytopenia小/微-let droplet/platelet/leafletmicro-microscopy/microorganism/micronucleus大/巨macro-macroscopic/macronucleus/macrophage-megalysplenomegaly/acromegaly/hepatomegaly复合/多poly-polyuria/polymer/polyopia全/泛pan-pancolectomy/panmyelosis/pandemic6．与疾病和疾患有关的前（后）缀(2)含义前（后）缀示例相反dis- disease/disorder/disability困难/障碍dys- dysfunction/dyspepsia/dyspnea不良mal- malfunction/malnutrition/malpractice炎症-it is appendicitis/bronchitis/arthritis 瘤/块-oma lymphoma/adenoma/hematoma血症-emia leukemia/septisemia/bacteremia痛-algia/-algesia/alge-/algo- analgesia/hypoalgesia/algometer麻痹-plegia hemipleia/pamplegia/myoplegia流出-rrhea diarrhea/hypermenorrhea/rhinorrhea坏死-necrosis necro-/necr- hepatonecrosis/myonecrosis/necrospermia 结石litho-/-lith lithiasis/lithogenesis/cholelithes7．与方位有关的前缀含义通用词前缀示例上upper/superior pi-/supra- epidemic/epithelium/supracostal下lower/inferior nfra-/sub- infracostal/subclavicular/subcutaneous前front/anterior/prior fore-/ante- forehead/anteroposterior/precirrhosis/pre-后back/posterior post-/retro- posthepatic/postprandial/retrocardiac内inner/internal in-/endo-/ento- inhalation/endoscopy/entocranial 外outer/external ex-/exo-extract/excretion/exocardial间between inter-intermuscular/intercostal/intercourse旁/副on the side of para-parathyroid/paraprotein/pararenal周around peri-perioperative/pericarditis/peritoneum中心central centri-/centra-centrifugation/centralize/centronucleus/centro-反/对opposite counter-/contra-counterpart/countershock/contraindication注：in vivo/in’vaivou/活体内;in vitro/invaitrou/活体外或试管内；in sit u/in’saitju:/原位8．与外科手术有关的前（后）缀含义前（后）缀示例切除-ectomyappendectomy/gastrectomy/splenectomy切开-tomytracheotomy/hysterotomy/craniotomy切（割）-tome tracheotome/thoracotome吻合-stomyduodenoenterostomy/gastroesophagostomy成形术-plastytracheoplasty/osteoplasty/myoplasty整（矫）形ortho-orthopedics/orthopod/orthotherapy造影-graphyangiography/nephrography/phlebography经… trans-transdominal/translateral/transurethral注：ortho-也是“正”“原”的前缀，如：ortho-acid（正酸）-graphy为方法，如：electrocardigraphy 心电图检查术；graph为仪器，如：electrocardigraph心电图机；gram为图象，文字，如：electrocardiogram心电图记录。
医学专业词汇前缀后缀词根
WORD PART MEANINGa- not, without, lack of, absence ab- away fromabdomin/o abdomen -ac pertaining toacous, acus sound, hearing acro- extremity, endad- toward, near aden/o glandadip/o fat adren/o adrenal gland, epinephrineadrenal/o adrenal gland adrenocortic/o adrenal cortex aer/o air, gas -algesia pain-al pertaining to alg/o, algi/o, algesi/o pain-algia pain ambly- dimamnio amnion amyl/o starchan- not, without, lack of andr/o maleangi/o vessel an/o anusante- before anti- against ,aort/o aorta -ar pertaining toarter/o, arteri/o artery arteriol/o arteriolearthr/o joint -ary pertaining to-ase enzyme atel/o incompleteatri/o atrium audi/o hearingauto- self azot/o nitrogen compounds bacill/i, bacill/o bacillus bacteri/o bacteriumbar/o pressure bi- two, twicebili bile blast/o, -blast immature cell, productive cell, embryonic cellblephar/o eyelid brachi/o armbrady- slow bucc/o cheekbronch/i, bronch/o bronchus bronchiol bronchioleburs/o bursa calc/i calciumcali, calic calyx cardi/o heart-capnia carbon dioxide (level of) carcin/o cancer, carcinomacec/o cecum -cele hernia, localized dilationceli/o abdomen centesis puncture, tapcephal/o head cerebell/o cerebellumcerebr/o cerebrum cervic/o neck, cervix ,chem/o chemical cholangi/o bile ductchol/e, chol/o bile, gall cholecyst/o gallbladder choledoch/o common bile duct chondr/o cartilagechori/o, choroid/o choroid chrom/o, chromat/o color, stain chron/o time circum- aroundclasis, -clasia breaking clitor/o, clitorid/o clitoriscoccy, coccyg/o coccyx cochle/o cochlea (of inner ear)col/o, colon/o colon colp/o vaginacontra- against, opposite corne/o corneacortic/o outer portion, cerebral cortex cost/o ribcounter opposite, against crani/o skull, craniumcry/o cold crypt/o hiddencus sound, hearing cyan/o- bluecycl/o ciliary body, ciliary muscle (of eye) cyst/o, cyst/i filled sac or pouch, cyst, bladder, urinary bladder ,-cyte, cyt/o cell dacry/o tear, lacrimal apparatus dacryocyst/o lacrimal sac dactyl/o finger, toede- down, without, removal, loss dent/o, dent/i tooth, teethderm/o, dermat/o skin -desis binding, fusiondextr/o- right di- two, twicedia- through dilation, dilatation expansion, wideningdipl/o- double dis- absence, removal, separationduoden/o duodenum dys- abnormal, painful, difficultec- out, outside ectasia, ectasis dilation, dilatationecto- out, outside -ectomy excision, surgical removaledema accumulation of fluid, swelling electr/o electricityembryo/o embryo emesis vomiting-emia condition of blood encephal/o brainend/o- in, within endocrin/o endocrineenter/o intestine epi- on, overepididym/o epididymis episi/o vulvaequi- equal, same erg/o workerythr/o- red, red blood cell , erythrocyt/o red blood cellesophag/o esophagus -esthesia, -esthesi/o sensation ,eu- true, good, easy, normal ex/o away from, outsideextra- outside fasci/o fasciaferr/i, ferr/o iron fet/o fetusfibr/o fiber -form like, resemblinggalact/o milk gangli/o, ganglion/o gangliongastr/o stomach gen, genesis origin, formationger/e, ger/o old age -geusia sense of tastegingiv/o gum gli/o neurogliaglomerul/o glomerulus gloss/o tonguegluc/o glucose glyc/o sugar, glucosegnath/o jaw -gram record of data-graph instrument for recording data -graphy act of recording data gravida pregnant woman gyn/o, gynec/o womanhem/o, hemat/o blood hemi- half, one side-hemia condition of blood hepat/o liverhetero- other, different, unequal hidr/o sweat, perspirationhist/o, histi/o tissue homo-, homeo- same, unchanging hydr/o water, fluid hyper- over, excess, increased, abnormally highhypn/o sleep hypo- under, below, decreased, abnormally lowhypophys pituitary, hypophysis hyster/o uterus-ia condition of -ian specialist-ia/sis condition of -iatrics medical specialtyiatr/o physician -iatry medical specialty-ic pertaining to -ical pertaining to-ics medical specialty idr/o sweat, perspiration-ile pertaining to ile/o ileumili/o ilium im- notimmun/o immunity, immune system in- notinfra- below in/o fiber, muscle fiberinsul/o pancreatic islets inter- betweenintra- in, within ir-, irit/o, irid/o iris-ism condition of iso- equal, same-ist specialist -itis inflammationjejun/o jejunum juxta- near, besidekali potassium kary/o nucleuskerat/o cornea, keratin, horny layer of skin , kine, kinesi/o, kinet/o movement labi/o lip labyrinth/o labyrinth (inner ear) lacrim/o tear, lacrimal apparatus lact/o milk-lalia speech, babble lapar/o abdominal walllaryng/o larynx lent/i lens-lepsy seizure leuk/o- white, colorless, white blood cell , leukocyt/o white blood cell -lexia readinglingu/o tongue lip/o fat, lipidlith calculus, stone -logy study oflumb/o lumbar region, lower back lymphaden/o lymph nodelymphangi/o lymphatic vessel lymph/o lymph, lymphatic system, lymphocyte , lymphocyt/o lymphocyte lysis separation, loosening, dissolving, destruction -lytic dissolving, reducing, loosening macro- large, abnormally largemal- bad, poor malacia softeningmamm/o breast, mammary gland mania excited state, obsessionmast/o breast, mammary gland medull/o inner part, medulla oblongata, spinal cord mega-, megalo- large, abnormally large -megaly enlargementmelan/o- black, dark, melanin , mening/o, meninge/o meningesmen/o, mens month, menstruation mes/o middle-meter instrument for measuring metr/o measuremetr/o, metr/i uterus -metry measurement ofmicro- small, one millionth -mimetic mimicking, simulatingmon/o one morph/o form, structuremuc/o mucus, mucous membrane multi- manymuscul/o muscle myc/o fungus, moldmyel/o bone marrow, spinal cord , , my/o musclemyring/o tympanic membrane myx/o mucusnarc/o stupor, unconsciousness , nas/o nosenat/i birth natri sodiumnecrosis death of tissue neo- newnephr/o kidney neur/o, neur/i nervous system, nerve noct/i night non- notnormo- normal nucle/o nucleusnyct/o night, darkness ocul/o eyeodont/o tooth, teeth -odynia pain-oid like, resembling olig/o- few, scanty, deficiency of-oma tumor onc/o tumoronych/o nail oo ovumoophor/o ovary ophthalm/o eye-opia eye, vision -opsia visionopt/o eye, vision orchid/o, orchi/o testisor/o mouth ortho- straight, correct, upright-ory pertaining to osche/o scrotum-ose sugar -o/sis condition of-osmia sense of smell oste/o boneot/o ear -ous pertaining toovari/o ovary ov/o ovum-oxia oxygen (level of) ox/y oxygen, sharp, acute ,pachy- thick palat/o palatepalpebr/o eyelid pan- allpancreat/o pancreas papill/o nipplepara- near, beside para woman who has given birth parathyr/o, parathyroid/o parathyroid paresis partial paralysispath/o, -pathy disease, any disease of , ped/o foot, child ,pelvi/o pelvis -penia decrease in, deficiency ofper- through peri- aroundperine/o perineum periton, peritone/o peritoneum-pexy surgical fixation phac/o, phak/o lensphag/o eat, ingest pharmac/o drugpharyng/o pharynx -phasia speechphil, -philic attracting, absorbing phleb/o veinphobia fear phon/o sound, voice-phonia voice phot/o lightphren/o diaphragm phrenic/o phrenic nervepituitar pituitary hypophysis plas, -plasia formation, molding, development -plasty plastic repair, plastic surgery, reconstruction -plegia paralysispleur/o pleura -pnea breathingpneum/o, pneumat/o air, gas, lung respiration pneumon/o lungpod/o foot -poiesis formation, productionpoikilo- varied, irregular poly- many, muchpost- after, behind pre- before, in front of presby- old ,prim/i- first pro- before, in front of proct/o rectumprostat/o prostate prote/o protein pseudo- falsepsych/o mind ptosis dropping, downward displacement, prolapseptysis spitting pulm/o, pulmon/o lung pupill/o pupilpyel/o renal pelvis pylor/o pylorus py/o puspyr/o, pyret/o fever, fire , quadr/i- four rachi/o spineradicul/o root of spinal nerve radi/o radiation, x-ray re- again, backrect/o rectum ren/o kidney reticul/o network retin/o retinaretro- behind, backward -rhage, -rhagia bursting forth, profuse flow, hemorrhage-rhaphy surgical repair, suture -rhea flow, discharge -rhexis rupturerhin/o nose sacchar/o sugar sacr/o sacrumsalping/o tube, oviduct, eustachian (auditory) tube , -schisis fissure, splitting scler/o hard, sclera (of eye) , sclerosis hardening ,-scope instrument for viewing or examining -scopy examination ofseb/o sebum, sebaceous gland semi- half, partialsemin semen sial/o saliva, salivary gland, salivary duct sider/o iron sigmoid/o sigmoid colon sinistr/o left -sis condition ofsomat/o body -some body somn/i, somn/o sleepson/o sound, ultrasound spasm sudden contraction, crampsperm/i semen spermat/o spermatozoaspir/o breathing splen/o spleenspondyl/o vertebra staped/o, stapedi/o stapesstaphyl/o grapelike cluster, staphylococcus stasis suppression, stoppagesteat/o fatty stenosis narrowing, constrictionsteth/o chest stoma, stomat/o mouth-stomy surgical creation of an opening strept/o- twisted chain, streptococcus sub- below, under super- above, excesssupra- above syn-, sym- togethersynov/i synovial joint, synovial membrane tachy- rapidtel/e-, tel/o- end ten/o, tendin/o tendonterat/o malformed fetus test/o testis tetra- fourthalam/o thalamus therm/o heat, temperaturethorac/o chest, thorax thromb/o blood clotthrombocyt/o platelet, thrombocyte thym/o thymus glandthyr/o, thyroid/o thyroid toc/o labor-tome instrument for incising (cutting) -tomy incision, cuttington/o tone tonsill/o tonsiltox/o, toxic/o poison, toxin , trache/o tracheatrans- through tri- threetrich/o hair -tripsy crushingtrop,- tropic act(ing) on, affect(ing) troph/o, -trophy, -trophia feeding, growth, nourishmenttympan/o tympanic cavity (middle ear), tympanic membrane un- notuni- one ureter/o ureter urethr/o urethra-uria urine, urination ur/o urine, urinary tract urin/o urineuter/o uterus uve/o uvea (of eye) vagin/o sheath, vaginavalv/o, valvul/o valve varic/o twisted and swollen vein vascul/o vesselvas/o vessel, duct, vas deferens , , ven/o, ven/i vein ventricul/o cavity, ventricle ,vertebr/o vertebra, spinal column vesic/o urinary bladder vesicul/o seminal vesicle vestibul/o vestibule, vestibular apparatus (of ear) vir/o virusvulv/o vulva xanth/o- yellow xero- dry -y condition ofabdomen abdomin/o, celi/o abdominal wall lapar/oabnormal dys- abnormally high hyper-abnormally large macro-, mega-, megalo- , abnormally low hypo-above super-, supra- , absence a-, an-, dis-absorb(ing) phil, -philic accumulation of fluid edemaact of recording data -graphy act(ing) on trop, -tropic ,acute ox/y adrenal gland adren/o, adrenal/o adrenaline adren/o adrenal adren/oadrenal cortex adrenocortic/o affect(ing) trop, -tropicafter post- again re- against anti-, contra- , ,air aer/o, pneumat/o , all pan- amnion amnioanus an/o any disease of -pathyaorta aort/o arm brachi/o around circum-, peri-arteriole arteriol/o artery arter/o, arteri/o atrium atri/oattract(ing) phil, -philic away from ab-, ex/o- ,babble -lalia bacillus bacill/i, bacill/o back re-backward retro- bacterium bacteri/o bad mal-before ante-, pre-, pro- behind post-, retro- , below hypo-, infra-, sub- , beside para-, juxta- between inter- bile bili, chol/e, chol/obile duct cholangi/o binding -desis birth nat/iblack melan/o- , bladder cyst/o, cyst/i ,bladder (urinary) cyst/o, vesic/o blood hem/o, hemat/o blood (condition of)-emia, -hemiablood clot thromb/o blue cyan/o- body somat/o, -somebone oste/o bone marrow myel/o , ,brain encephal/o breaking clasis, clasia breast mamm/o, mast/o breathing -pnea, spir/o , bronchiole bronchiol bronchus bronch/i, bronch/obursa burs/o bursting forth -rhage, -rhagia calcium calc/icalculus lith calyx cali, calic cancer carcin/ocarbon dioxide -capnia carcinoma carcin/o cartilage chondr/ocavity ventricul/o , cecum cec/o cell -cyte, cyt/o cerebellumcerebell/o cerebral cortex cortic/o cerebrum cerebr/o cervix cervic/o chain (twisted) strept/ocheek bucc/o chemical chem/o chest thorac/o, steth/o child ped/o choroid chori/o, choroid/ociliary body cycl/o ciliary muscle cycl/o clitoris clitor/o, clitorid/o clot thromb/o coccyx coccy, coccyg/o cochlea cochle/o cold cry/o colon col/o,colon/ocolor chrom/o, chromat/o colorless leuk/o- common bile duct choledoch/o condition of -ia, -ia/sis, -ism, -o/sis, -sis, -y condition of blood -emia, -hemia constriction stenosis contraction (sudden) spasm cornea corne/o, kerat/o correct ortho- cramp spasm cranium crani/o crushing -tripsycutting -tomy cutting instrument -tome cyst cyst/o, cyst/i dark melan/o- ,darkness nyct/odata -gram death of tissue necrosis decreased, decrease in hypo-,-penia ,deficiency of oligo-, -penia destruction lysis development plas, -plasia diaphragm phren/o different hetero- difficult dys-dilatation, dilation ectasia, ectasis dim ambly- discharge -rheadisease path/o, -pathy dissolving lysis, -lytic double dipl/o-down de- dropping, downward displacement ptosis drug pharmac/odry xero- duct vas/o duodenum duoden/o ear ot/oeasy eu- eat phag/o egg oo, ov/o electricity electr/oembryo embry/o embryonic cell -blast, blast/o end tel/e, tel/o, acro , endocrine endocrin/o enlargement -megaly enzyme -aseepididymis epididym/o epinephrine adren/o equal iso-, equi-esophagus esophag/o eustachian (auditory) tube salping/o examination of-scopyexcess hyper-, super- excision -ectomy excited state maniaexpansion dilation, dilatation, ectasia, ectasis extremity acro eye ocul/o, ophthalm/o, opt/o, -opia ,eyelid blephar/o, palpebr/o false pseudo- fascia fasci/o fat adip/o, lip/ofatty steat/o fear phobia feeding troph/o, -trophy, -trophia fetus fet/ofetus (malformed) terat/o fever pyr/o, pyret/o , few oligo-fiber fibr/o, in/o , filled sac or pouch cyst/o, cyst/i finger dactyl/ofire pyr/o, pyret/o first prim/i- fissure -schisis fixation (surgical) -pexy flow -rhea fluid hydr/o foot ped/o, pod/o form morph/oformation gen, genesis, plas, -plasia, -poiesis , four quadr/i, tetra-fungus myc/o fusion -desis gall chol/e, chol/ogallbladder cholecyst/o ganglion gangli/o, ganglion/ogas aer/o, pneum/o, pneumon/o, pneumat/o , gland aden/o glomerulus glomerul/oglucose gluc/o, glyc/o good eu- grapelike cluster staphyl/ogrowth troph/o, -trophy, -trophia gum gingiv/o hair trich/ohalf hemi-, semi- hard scler/o hardening sclerosis ,head cephal/o hearing acous, acus, audi/o, cusheart cardi/o heat therm/ohemorrhage -rhage, -rhagia hernia -celehidden crypt/o horny layer of skin kerat/ohypophysis hypophys, pituitar islets (pancreatic) insul/oileum ile/o ilium ili/o immature cell blast/o, -blast immune system immun/o immunity immun/o in end/o-, intra- ,in front of pre-, pro- incision of -tomy incomplete atel/o- increased hyper-inflammation -itis ingest phag/o instrument for incising (cutting) -tome instrument for measuring -meter instrument for recording data -graphinstrument for viewing or examining -scopeintestine enter/o iris ir, irid/o, irit/oiron ferr/i, ferr/o, sider/o irregular poikilo- jaw gnath/ojejunum jejun/o joint arthr/o keratin kerat/o kidney nephr/o, ren/o labor toc/o labyrinth labyrinth/o lack of a-, an-lacrimal apparatus dacry/o, lacrim/o lacrimal sac dacryocyst/olarge macro-, mega-, megalo- , larynx laryng/o left sinistr/o-lens lent/i, phac/o, phak/o leukocyte leuk/o, leukocyt/o level of carbon dioxide -capnialevel of oxygen -oxia light phot/o like -form, -oidlip labi/o lipid lip/o liver hepat/o localized dilation -cele loosening lysis, -lytic ,loss de- lumbar region, lower back lumb/o lung, lungs pneum/o, pneumat/o, pneumon/o,pulm/o, pulmon/o lymph, lymphatic system lymph/o lymph node lymphaden/o lymphatic vessel lymphangi/o lymphocyte lympho, lymphocyt/o male andr/o malformed fetus terat/o mammary gland mamm/o, mast/o many multi-, poly- marrow myel/o measure metr/o measuring instrument -meter measurement of -metrymedical specialty -ics, -iatrics, iatry medulla oblongata medull/o melanin melan/o meninges mening/o, meninge/o menstruation men/o, mens middle meso-milk galact/o, lact/o mimicking -mimetic mind psych/o mold myc/o molding plas, -plasia month men/o, mens mouth or/o, stoma, stomat/o movement kine, kinesi/o, kinet/o much poly- mucus muc/o, myx/omucous membrane muc/o muscle my/o, muscul/o muscle fiber in/onail onych/o narrowing stenosis near ad-, juxta-, para- ,neck cervic/o , nerve, nervous system, nervous tissue neur/o, neur/inetwork reticul/o neuroglia gli/o new neo- night noct/i, nyct/onipple papill/o nitrogen compounds azot/o normal eu-, normo- ,nose nas/o, rhin/o not a-, an-, in-, im-, non-, un- nourishment troph/o, -trophy,-trophianucleus kary/o, nucle/o obsession mania old presby- , old age ger/e,ger/oone mon/o-, uni- one side hemi- opening (created surgically) -stomy opposite contra- , origin gen, genesis other hetero-out, outside ec-, ecto-, ex/o, extra- , outer portion cortic/o ovary ovari/o, oophor/oover hyper-, epi- , oviduct salping/o ovum oo, ov/o oxygen ox/y, -oxia , pain -algia, -odynia , pain -algesia, alg/o, algi/o, algesi/o , , ,painful dys- palate palat/o pancreas pancreat/opancreatic islets insul/o paralysis -plegiaparalysis (partial) paresis parathyroid parathyr/o, parathyroid/opartial semi- partial paralysis paresis pelvis pelvi/operineum perine/o peritoneum periton, peritone/operspiration hidr/o, idr/o pertaining to -ac, -al, -ar, -ary, -ial, -ic, -ical, -ile,-ory, -ous pharynx pharyng/o phrenic nerve phrenic/ophysician iatr/opituitary pituitar, hypophys plastic repair, plastic surgery -plasty platelet thrombocyt/opleura pleur/o poison tox/o, toxic /o , poor mal- potassium kali pouch (filled) cyst/o, cyst /ipregnant woman gravida pressure bar/o production –poiesis productive cell blast/o, -blastprofuse flow -rhage, -rhagia prolapse ptosis prostate prostat/o protein prote/opuncture centesis pupil pupill/o pus py/o pylorus pylor/oradiation radi/orapid tachy- reading -lexia reconstruction -plasty record of data -gram recording data (act of) -graphy rectum rect/o, proct/o red erythr/o-red blood cell erythr/o, erythrocyt/o reducing -lytic removal de-, dis- removal (surgical) -ectomy renal pelvis pyel/o repair (plastic) -plasty repair (surgical) -rhaphy respiration pneum/o, pneumon/o, pneumat/o resembling-form, -oidretina retin/o rib cost/o right dextr/o- root of spinal nerve radicul/o rupture -rhexis sac (filled) cyst/o, cyst/i sacrum sacr/o saliva, salivary gland, salivary duct sial/osame equi-, homo-, homeo-, iso- sclera (of eye) scler/o scanty oligo-scrotum osche/o sebum, sebaceous gland seb/o seizure -lepsy self auto- semen semin, sperm/i, spermat/o seminal vesicle vesicul/o sensation -esthesia, esthesi/o ,sense of smell -osmia sense of taste -geusia separation dis-, -lysis ,sharp ox/y sheath vagin/o sigmoid colon sigmoid/o simulating-mimeticskin derm/o, dermat/o skull crani/o sleep somn/o, somn/i, hypn/o ,slow brady-small micro- smell (sense of) -osmia sodium natrisoftening malacia sound phon/o, son/o, acous, acus, cus , specialist -ian, -ist, -logistspecialty -ics, -iatrics, -iatry speech -phasia, -lalia sperm, spermatozoa sperm/i, spermat/ospinal column vertebr/o spinal cord myel/o, medulla spine rachi/o spitting ptysis spleen splen/o splitting -schisis stain chrom/o, chromat/ostapes staped/o, stapedi/o staphylococcus staphyl/o starch amyl/o stomach gastr/o stone lith stoppage stasis straight ortho- streptococcus strept/o structure morph/o study of -logy stupor narc/o ,sugar glyc/o, sacchar/o, -ose sudden contraction spasm suppression stasis surgery (plastic) -plasty surgical creation of an opening -stomy surgical fixation -pexysurgical removal -ectomy surgical repair -rhaphy suture -rhaphysweat hidr/o, idr/o swelling edema synovial fluid, joint, membrane synov/itap centesis taste (sense of) -geusia tear dacry/o, lacrim/oteeth dent/o, denti, odont/o temperature therm/o tendon ten/o, tendin/o testis test/o, orchid/o, orchi/o thalamus thalam/o thick pachy-thorax thorac/o three tri- thrombocyte thrombocyt/o through dia-, per-, trans-thymus gland thym/o thyroid thyr/o, thyroid/o time chron/o tissue hist/o, histi/otissue death necrosis toe dactyl/o together syn-, sym- tone ton/o tongue gloss/o, lingu/o tonsil tonsill/o tooth -dent/o, dent/i, odont/o toward ad-toxin tox/o, toxic/o trachea trache/o true eu- tube salping/o , tumor onc/o, -oma , twice bi-, di- twisted chain strept/o twisted and swollen vein varic/o two bi-, di-, dipl/o- tympanic cavity tympan/o tympanic membrane myring/o, tympan/oultrasound son/o unchanging homo-, homeo- unconsciousness narc/o under hypo-, sub- ,unequal hetero- upright ortho- ureter ureter/o urethra urethr/o urinary bladder cyst/o, vesic/o urine, urinary tract, urination ur/o, -uria uterus hyster/o, metr/o, metr/i, uter/ouvea uve/o vagina colp/o, vagin/o valve valv/o, valvul/o varied poikilo-vas deferens vas/o vein ven/o, ven/i, phleb/o vein (twisted, swollen) varic/o ventricle ventricul/o , vertebra spondyl/o, vertebr/o vessel angi/o, vas/o, vascul/o , ,vestibular apparatus, vestibule vestibul/o virus vir/o vision opt/o, -opia, -opsia , voice phon/o, -phonia , vomiting emesis vulva episi/o, vulv/o water hydr/owhite leuk/o- white blood cell leuk/o, leukocyt/o widening ectasia, ectasis, dilation, dilatation精品文档within end/o-, intra- , without a-, an-, de- woman gyn/o, gynec/o woman who has given birth para work erg/o x-ray radi/oyellow xanth/o-可编辑。
医学英语词汇(词根、词缀)
Ⅱ前缀Post- 后postpartum 产后De- 去dehydration 脱水Hyper—高hyperuricemia 高尿酸血症Pre- 前premature 发生在适当时间之前的Myo- 肌myoglolinemia 肌红蛋白血症Tetra- 四tetrachloride 四氯化Re—重复Replicate 复制Poly- 多Polymerase 聚合酶Deoxy—脱氧Deoxyribonucleotide 脱氧核糖核苷酸Trans- 转移Transferase 转移酶di- 二Phosphodiester 磷酸二酯Pro—原proinsulin 胰岛素原Tachy—快Tachycardia 心动过速Lipo- 脂Lipophilic 亲脂的Hydro—水Hydrophilic 亲水的Entero- 肠Enterohepatic 肠肝的Ar—非，失常Arrhythmogenic 致心律失常的bi—二Bigeminy 二联律Dis- 缺乏Disorientation 定向力缺乏Auto- 自动automaticity 自律性Extra—外extracellular 细胞外的Non—非nontraumatic 非创伤性的Epi- 上epigastrium 上腹部的Peri- 周围periumbilical 脐周Para- 旁paracolic 结肠旁Hemat- 血hematemesis 呕血Intra- 内intramural 壁内的Ipsi—同ipsilateral 同侧的Oro—口oropharynx 口咽部Hepato- 肝hepatosplenomegaly 肝脾肿大Dys—困难dyspneic 呼吸困难的Brady- 过缓bradycardia 心动过缓Naso- 鼻nasopharygeal 鼻咽的Encephalo- 脑Encephalomenigitis 脑膜脑炎Myo—肌myocarditis 心肌炎Gastro- 胃gastroenteritis 胃肠炎Ovi- 卵oviduct 输卵管Endo- 内endometrium 子宫内膜Radio- 放射radioimmunoassay 放射免疫测定Nulli—未nullipara 未产妇a—无、非amenorrhea 闭经—ectomy 切除术hysterectomy 子宫切除术Bronchi—支气管bronchiectasis 支气管扩张Neo—新neoplasm 新生物Lympho- 淋巴lymphoma 淋巴瘤Tetra—四tetracycline 四环素Hypo- 低hypogammaglobulinaemia 低γ—球蛋白血症Micro- 微microangiopathy 微血管病变Retino—视网膜retinopathy 视网膜病变后缀—megaly 肿大hepatosplenomegaly 肝脾肿大-centesis 穿刺术thoracentesis 胸腔穿刺术—emia 血症hyperuricemia 高尿酸血症—itis 炎症pancreatitis 胰腺炎—ase 酶Transferase 转移酶—lysis 分解proteolysis 蛋白分解-philic 亲Lipophilic 亲脂的-genic 致arrhythmogenic 致心律失常的-rrhea 溢galactorrhea 溢乳—stasis 稳定homeostasis 体内环境稳定—scopy 镜检查laparoscopy 腹腔镜检查—otomy 切开术colpotomy 阴道穹隆切开术-pathy 病变retinopathy 视网膜病变-ist 者、专家ophthalmologist 眼科医师解剖：解剖学术语前缀含义举例a-an—不，不是，非，没有，少azygos: 不成对的部分,无对偶的部分，单一器an tibacterial：抗生素ante- 在…之前，…前的antecubital：肋前的anti- 反抗,治疗的anti bacterial：抗生素circum- 环，周围circum ferential fibers: 环型纤维contra—反抗，逆对contra lateral：对侧的ec-出，偏离ec ctopic：异位的endo—内部的，内在的endoscope：内窥镜epi- 在上,向epi dural：硬膜的ex—出,从，来的ex cise：切除extra-天，…外的extradural：硬膜外的hyper—过好的,超出平常的hyperlordosis: 过度前凸ermal (pertaining to upon the skin）hypo—不足的，在…下的hypokyphosis: 后凸平足,平背畸形infra-在…下infra laminar: 椎板下节inter- 在…之间intercostal: 肋间intra- 在…之内intradural：硬膜下ipsi—相同的ipsi lateral：同侧的mal- 病态的，平启的mal union：骨接合不正medi—中间的medi al: 中间的para- 不正常的,延…的，附近的para esthesia(or paresthesia）：感觉异常peri—围绕，附近的peri neural：神经外膜post—之后，在…后post operative：术后的pre- 之前,在…前preoperative：术前准备pseudo- 假的pseudoarthrosis（or pseudarthr—osis): 假关节retro- 向后，回复retro peritoneal: 腹膜后的semi- 半semi lunar：半月型的sub- 之下，在…之下subcutaneous：皮下的supra- 之上supralaminar：椎板上syn- 共，合syn ostosis：骨连接trans- 穿过trans peritoneal：经腹膜常用后缀—algia 疼痛arthralgia：关节痛-clasis 断，折断osteoclasis: 骨破折—desis 固定( 关节或骨头) arthrodesis：关节固定术关节融合术-ectomy 切除laminectomy：椎板切除术-emia 血anemia: 贫血-genesis 形成，起源osteogensis: 骨发生-itis 炎症arthitis：关节炎-lysis 分解，松解osteolysis: 骨吸收，骨质溶解-malacia 软化chrondromalacia：轻骨软化—oid 类似osteoid：骨样的-oma 肿瘤sarcoma：肉瘤—otomy 切,截osteotomy: 截骨术—paresis 半，部分麻痹hemiparesis: 半身麻痹-path(y) 病neuropathy：神经病肥大—penia 不止，减少osteopenia：骨质减少—plasia 生长，形成hyperplasia: 增生，过度增生-plasty 手术修复cranioplasty：颅骨成形术—scope 检查设备thoracocscope: 胸腔镜-scopy 用设备检查thoracoscopy: 胸腔镜检查-stenosis 狭窄的spinal stenosis: 椎管狭窄—tome 切割器械ostetome: 骨力-tomy 切，截osteotomy：截骨术—trophy 食物，营养hypetrophy: 过度生长常用的前缀第一节表示无，抗,非的前缀一．a—，an-无，非。
医学英语词根词缀英语词根
医学英语词根词缀英语词根医学作为一门专业领域，具有其独特的术语体系。
许多医学术语都是由词根和词缀组成的，掌握这些词根和词缀对于学习和理解医学英语至关重要。
本文将介绍一些常见的医学英语词根和词缀，并解释其含义和用法。
一、词根1. Cardi-（心脏）例词：cardiology（心脏病学）、cardiologist（心脏病专家）2. Derm-（皮肤）例词：dermatology（皮肤学）、dermatologist（皮肤科医生）3. Gast-（胃）例词：gastroenterology（胃肠病学）、gastrectomy（胃切除术）4. Hem-（血）例词：hematology（血液学）、hemorrhage（出血）5. Ophthalm-（眼睛）例词：ophthalmology（眼科学）、ophthalmologist（眼科医生）二、词缀1. -ectomy（切除术）例词：appendectomy（阑尾切除术）、tonsillectomy（扁桃体切除术）2. -itis（炎症）例词：tonsillitis（扁桃体炎）、arthritis（关节炎）3. -ology（学科）例词：urology（泌尿学）、radiology（放射学）4. -pathy（疾病）例词：neuropathy（神经病）、myopathy（肌肉病）5. -scopy（检查）例词：endoscopy（内镜检查）、colonoscopy（结肠镜检查）以上仅是一小部分医学英语词根和词缀的例子，医学英语中有数以千计的词根和词缀，通过熟悉和掌握这些词根和词缀，可以更容易地理解和使用医学术语。
学习医学英语词根和词缀的方法可以多种多样。
一种有效的方法是通过创造联想来记忆这些词根和词缀。
例如，我们可以将“derm-”（皮肤）与“dermatologist”（皮肤科医生）联系起来，这样可以更容易理解和记忆这个词。
此外，可以使用医学英语词典或在线资源来查找医学术语的定义和应用。
(完整版)医学英语词根词缀整理完善版
a 前缀无ab 前缀从...离开acantho 词根棘，刺acetabulo 词根髋臼acouo 词根听觉acro 词根顶，肢acromio 词根肩峰ad 前缀向...靠近，到...上adeno 词根腺adipo 词根脂肪的adreno 词根肾上腺aero 词根气agglutino 词根凝集agra 后缀严重的疼痛albo 前缀白algesi 词根痛觉的感受algia 后缀痛alveolo 词根肺泡alveolo 词根牙槽amnio 词根羊膜amphi 前缀两侧ampullo 词根壶腹amylo 词根淀粉an 前缀无ana 前缀向上，重回到andro 词根雄aneurysmo 词根异常扩大angino 词根阻塞ankylo 词根弯曲ano 词根肛门ante 前缀在前anti 前缀抗aorto 词根主动脉apico 词根顶apo 前缀离去，从appendico 词根阑尾appendo 词根阑尾aquo 词根水arterio 词根动脉arteriolo 词根小动脉arthro 词根关节articulo 词根关节ase 后缀酶astro 词根星atelo 词根不完全的，有缺陷的athero 词根脂肪堆积atrio 词根腔audio 词根听觉auro 词根耳auro 词根金auto 前缀自axio 词根轴balano 词根龟头bary 前缀重、压baso 词根碱bi 前缀双，倍bili 词根胆汁blast 后缀母细胞blenno 词根粘液blepharo 词根睑brachy 词根短bronchio 词根支气管bronchiolo 词根细支气管broncho 词根支气管bucco 词根颊bulbo 词根球部burso 词根滑液囊caco 词根坏calcaneo 词根跟骨calci 词根钙capillo 词根非常小的血管capnia 后缀二氧化碳carcino 词根癌carcinoma 后缀癌cardio 词根心carpo 词根腕cata 前缀向下cautero 词根燃烧ceco 词根盲肠cele 后缀突出、积水celio 词根腹cemento 词根牙骨质centesis 后缀穿刺术centi 前缀百分之一cerebello 词根小脑cerebro 词根大脑cerumino 词根耵聍cervico 词根颈cervico 词根颈，宫颈cheilo 词根唇chemo 词根化学chlorhydro 词根盐酸chloro 前缀绿chole 词根胆汁cholecysto 词根胆囊choledocho 词根总胆管chondro 词根软骨chorio 词根绒膜chromo 词根颜色cineo 词根活动circum 前缀环行clasis 后缀破裂clast 后缀破坏用器械claviculo 词根锁骨cleisis 后缀关闭clysis 后缀洗co 前缀与...在一起cocco 词根球菌coccygo 词根尾骨cochleo 词根耳蜗collo 词根胶colo 词根结肠colpo 词根阴道conjunctivo 词根结膜contra 前缀反，对抗coreo 词根瞳孔，虹膜corneo 词根角，角膜corono 词根冠costo 词根肋cranio 词根颅骨crine 后缀分泌cryo 词根冷crypto 词根隐藏culdo 词根囊袋、窝cuti 词根皮肤cyano 前缀蓝cyclo 词根环cyeso 词根妊娠cysto 词根膀胱，囊cyte 后缀细胞dacryo 词根眼泪dactylo 词根指头de 前缀去denti 词根牙齿dentino 词根牙本质dermato 词根皮肤dermo 词根皮肤di 前缀双，倍dia 前缀通过diaphoro 词根汗diaphragmato 词根膈diaphragmo 词根膈diplo 前缀双，倍dipso 词根渴dis 前缀离开duodeno 词根十二指肠dys 前缀坏，痛，困难ectasia 后缀扩张ectasis 后缀扩张ecto 前缀外ectomy 后缀切除术ego 前缀我embryo 词根胚胎emeo 词根呕吐emia 后缀血的状况emia 后缀血emphraxis 后缀梗阻en 前缀内encephalo 词根脑endo 前缀内部entero 词根小肠epi 前缀外，上epididymo 词根附睾epiglotto 词根会厌episio 词根外阴ergo 词根工作，能erythro 前缀红esophago 词根食道esthesio 词根感觉eu 前缀好，正常eustachio 词根咽骨管ex 前缀在外，离开exo 前缀在...之外extra 前缀在外，超过fasciculo 词根束fascio 词根筋膜febri 词根发热feca 词根粪便femoro 词根股骨fero 词根传递输送ferro 词根铁fibrino 词根纤维素fibro 词根纤维fibro 词根纤维fibulo 词根腓骨fistulo 词根瘘folliculo 词根小腔，囊galacto 词根乳gameto 词根配子ganglio 词根神经节gangliono 词根神经节gastro 词根胃genito 词根生殖器gero 词根年龄geronto 词根年龄geusia 后缀味gingivo 词根牙glauco 前缀灰绿glio 词根胶质，粘globo 词根球glomerulo 词根小球glosso 词根舌gluco 词根糖glyco 词根糖gnatho 词根颌gnosis 后缀知识gonado 词根性腺gono 词根生殖器gram 后缀记录granulo 词根结节graph 后缀记录graphy 后缀记录gravido 词根妊娠gyneco 词根女性halo 词根盐haplo 前缀单hebe 前缀青年hecto 前缀百helcosis 后缀溃疡形成hemato 词根血hemi 前缀半hemo 词根血hepato 词根肝hernio 词根疝hidro 词根汗histo 词根组织holo 词根整个humero 词根肱骨hyalo 词根透明的hydro 词根水hyper 前缀超过，高hypno 词根睡眠hypo 前缀低hystero 词根子宫ia 后缀状况iatrics 后缀愈合iatry 后缀愈合ictero 词根黄疸idio 词根自己ileo 词根回肠ilio 词根髂骨immuno 词根免疫in 前缀在内in 前缀不in 后缀素incudo 词根砧骨infra 前缀在下ino 词根纤维inter 前缀在...之间intra 前缀在内iono 词根离子ionto 词根离子irido 词根虹膜iro 词根虹膜ischio 词根坐骨ism 后缀状况iso 词根异，相等ist 后缀者itis 缀炎ium 后缀部分jejuno 词根空肠kal 词根钾karyo 词根核kerato 词根角质，硬kerato 词根角膜kilo 前缀千kinesia 后缀移动kleisis 后缀关闭klepto 词根偷窃kypho 词根驼背labio 词根唇labyrintho 词根迷路lacrimo 词根眼泪，泪小管lalia 后缀言语lamino 词根椎板laparo 词根腹壁laryngo 词根喉leuko 前缀白linguo 词根舌lipo 词根脂肪lithiasis 后缀结石litho 词根石lobo 词根叶logist 后缀学者logy 后缀学科lordo 词根弯曲luco 词根光，透明lumbo 词根腰lympho 词根淋巴lysis 后缀溶解malacia 后缀软化malleo 词根锤骨mammo 词根乳房mandibulo 词根下颌骨mania 后缀极端、强制、偏见masto 词根乳房maxillo 词根上颌骨mediastino 词根纵隔mega 词根大megalo 词根大melano 前缀黑meningio 词根脑膜meningo 词根脑膜meno 词根月经mento 词根颏mento 词根精神、心理mero 词根部分mesentero 词根肠系膜meso 词根中间的meta 前缀超过，在后metacarpo 词根掌骨metatarso 词根柘骨meter 后缀测量工具metro 词根子宫metry 后缀测量micro 词根微milli 前缀千分之一mono 前缀单muco 词根粘液multi 前缀多musculo 词根肌肉muto 词根变化，突变myco 词根真菌myelino 词根髓myelo 词根脊髓，骨髓myo 词根肌肉myoso 词根肌肉myringo 词根耳鼓myxo 词根粘液narco 词根麻木naso 词根鼻natri 词根钠necro 词根死亡neo 词根新nephro 词根肾neuro 词根神经nigro 前缀黑nodo 词根结nucleo 词根核obstetrico 词根产科occluso 词根牙（牙合）oculo 词根眼odonto 词根牙齿odynia 后缀痛oid 后缀象...样的olecrano 词根肘oligo 词根少oma 后缀瘤omento 词根网膜omphalo 词根脐onco 词根肿瘤，块onycho 词根甲，甲床ooo 词根卵子oophoro 词根卵巢ophthalmo 词根眼opia 后缀视觉or 后缀器具，者orchido 词根睾丸orchio 词根睾丸orexi 词根食欲oro 词根口orrhagia 后缀大量流出orrhaphy 后缀缝合术orrhea 后缀流出、分泌orrhexis 后缀破裂ortho 词根直的osis 后缀病理状况osteo 词根骨ostomy 后缀造口或吻合oto 词根耳ous 后缀含...的，分泌...的ovario 词根卵巢ovo 词根卵子oxo 词根氧oxy 词根氧palato 词根腭pallio 词根减轻palpebro 词根睑pancreato 词根胰腺papillo 词根乳头状突起par(t)o 词根娩出para 前缀旁，异parasympathetico 词根副交感parasympathico 词根副交感parasympatho 词根副交感parathyroido 词根甲状旁腺patello 词根髌骨pathy 后缀病理状况pectoro 词根胸pelvo 词根骨盆penia 后缀不足peno 词根阴茎pento 前缀五pepsi 词根消化pepti 词根消化per 前缀通过peri 前缀周围perineo 词根会阴peritoneo 词根腹膜pexy 后缀固定phaco 词根晶体phago 词根吞噬phalango 词根指骨phallo 词根阴茎pharmaco 词根药pharyngo 词根咽pharyngo 词根咽philo 词根嗜phlebo 词根静脉phobia 后缀害怕photo 词根光，透明phrenia 后缀精神、心理phrenico 词根膈神经phreno 词根膈phylaxis 后缀保卫physis 后缀生长pilo 词根毛发pinealo 词根松果体plasia 后缀形成plasm 后缀形成的东西plasmo 词根浆plasty 后缀成形plegia 后缀麻痹pleuro 词根胸膜pnea 后缀呼吸pneumo 词根气，肺pneumono 词根气，肺podo 词根足poiesis 后缀产生polio 前缀灰白poly 前缀多polypo 词根息肉post 前缀在后pre 前缀在前pro 前缀在后procto 词根肛门和直肠pros 前缀到，靠近，附上prostato 词根前列腺prostho 词根假牙，义肢pseudo 词根假psycho 词根精神、心理ptosis 后缀下垂ptyalo 词根唾液ptyo 词根唾液pubio 词根耻骨pubo 词根耻骨pulmo 词根肺pulmono 词根肺pyelo 词根肾盂pyloro 词根幽门pyo 词根脓pyro 词根热quadri 前缀四quarto 前缀四rachio 词根脊柱radico 词根根治radio 词根桡骨radio 词根放射ramo 词根分支recto 词根直肠reno 词根肾reticulo 词根网retino 词根视网膜retro 词根向后rhino 词根鼻roentgeno 词根X线rub 前缀红saccharo 词根糖sacro 词根骶骨saliva 词根唾液salpingo 词根管salpingo 词根管，输卵管sarco 词根肉sarco 词根肉瘤sarcoma 后缀肉瘤scapulo 词根肩胛schesis 后缀抑制排出schizo 词根分裂schizo 词根分裂sclero 词根巩膜sclerosis 后缀硬化scolio 词根弯曲scope 后缀镜scopy 后缀镜检查scroto 词根阴囊sebo 词根油脂seco 词根切semi 前缀半semino 词根精子septo 词根腐败sero 词根血清sialadeno 词根唾液腺sialo 词根唾液sidero 词根铁sigmoido 词根乙状结肠silico 词根硅sino 词根窦somato 词根体somni 词根眠sono 词根声sopori 词根沉睡spasmo 词根痉挛spermato 词根精子spermo 词根精子sphinctero 词根括约肌sphygmo 词根脉搏spino 词根脊髓spiro 词根呼吸splanchno 词根内脏spleno 词根脾spondylo 词根椎骨stapedo 词根镫骨staphylo 词根束stasis 后缀制止、停止stasis 后缀停止steato 词根脂肪stenosis 后缀狭窄stereo 词根立体sterno 词根胸骨stero 词根固stetho 词根胸stomato 词根口sub 前缀在下submaxillo 词根下颌骨succo 词根分泌sudoro 词根汗super 前缀在上supra 前缀高于surgery 后缀外科surgico 词根外科sympathetico 词根交感sympathico 词根交感sympatho 词根交感syn 前缀合成syndesmo 词根韧带synovio 词根滑液syringo 词根瘘管tacho 词根快速talo 词根踝，距骨tarso 词根踝，跗骨taxis 后缀排列tel 词根远的tele 词根远的tendino 词根腱tendo 词根腱teno 词根腱terato 词根畸胎testo 词根睾丸tetra 前缀四thalamo 词根丘脑therapy 后缀治疗thio 词根硫thoraco 词根胸thrombo 词根凝thymo 词根胸腺thyro 词根甲状腺thyroido 词根甲状腺tibio 词根胫骨toco 词根出生，分娩tome 后缀切开器具tomy 后缀切开术tono 词根紧张度tono 词根紧张tonsillo 词根扁桃体topo 词根地方toxico 词根毒toxo 词根trachelo 词根子宫颈tracheo 词根气管trans 前缀通过，穿过tri 前缀三tricho 词根毛发triplo 前缀三tripsy 后缀压碎tropin 后缀激素tubulo 词根小管tumo 词根肿瘤，肿胀tussi 词根咳嗽tympano 词根鼓室ulno 词根尺骨ultra 前缀超umbilico 词根脐unguo 词根甲，爪uni 前缀uretero 词根输尿管urethro 词根尿道uria 后缀尿uro 词根尿utero 词根子宫utriculo 词根小囊uvulo 词根悬雍垂vagino 词根阴道vago 词根迷神经valvo 词根瓣varico 词根扭曲的静脉vaso 词根血管vaso 词根输精管veno 词根静脉ventriculo 词根脑室ventro 词根腹侧venulo 词根小静脉verruco 词根疣vertebro 词根椎骨vesico 词根膀胱vesiculo 词根精囊vestibulo 词根中耳的中部viro 词根病毒vito 词根生命vulvo 词根外阴xantho 前缀黄zoo 词根生物。
医学专业词汇前缀 后缀 词根
WORD PART MEANINGa- not, without, lack of, absence ab- away fromabdomin/o abdomen -ac pertaining toacous, acus sound, hearing acro- extremity, endad- toward, near aden/o glandadip/o fat adren/o adrenal gland, epinephrine adrenal/o adrenal gland adrenocortic/o adrenal cortexaer/o air, gas -algesia pain-al pertaining to alg/o, algi/o, algesi/o pain-algia pain ambly- dimamnio amnion amyl/o starchan- not, without, lack of andr/o maleangi/o vessel an/o anusante- before anti- against ,aort/o aorta -ar pertaining toarter/o, arteri/o artery arteriol/o arteriolearthr/o joint -ary pertaining to-ase enzyme atel/o incompleteatri/o atrium audi/o hearingauto- self azot/o nitrogen compoundsbacill/i, bacill/o bacillus bacteri/o bacteriumbar/o pressure bi- two, twicebili bile blast/o, -blast immature cell, productive cell, embryonic cell blephar/o eyelid brachi/o armbrady- slow bucc/o cheekbronch/i, bronch/o bronchus bronchiol bronchioleburs/o bursa calc/i calciumcali, calic calyx cardi/o heart-capnia carbon dioxide (level of) carcin/o cancer, carcinomacec/o cecum -cele hernia, localized dilationceli/o abdomen centesis puncture, tapcephal/o head cerebell/o cerebellumcerebr/o cerebrum cervic/o neck, cervix ,chem/o chemical cholangi/o bile ductchol/e, chol/o bile, gall cholecyst/o gallbladdercholedoch/o common bile duct chondr/o cartilagechori/o, choroid/o choroid chrom/o, chromat/o color, stainchron/o time circum- aroundclasis, -clasia breaking clitor/o, clitorid/o clitoriscoccy, coccyg/o coccyx cochle/o cochlea (of inner ear)col/o, colon/o colon colp/o vaginacontra- against, opposite corne/o corneacortic/o outer portion, cerebral cortex cost/o ribcounter opposite, against crani/o skull, craniumcry/o cold crypt/o hiddencus sound, hearing cyan/o- bluecycl/o ciliary body, ciliary muscle (of eye) cyst/o, cyst/i filled sac or pouch, cyst, bladder, urinary bladder ,-cyte, cyt/o cell dacry/o tear, lacrimal apparatus dacryocyst/o lacrimal sac dactyl/o finger, toede- down, without, removal, loss dent/o, dent/i tooth, teethderm/o, dermat/o skin -desis binding, fusiondextr/o- right di- two, twicedia- through dilation, dilatation expansion, wideningdipl/o- double dis- absence, removal, separationduoden/o duodenum dys- abnormal, painful, difficultec- out, outside ectasia, ectasis dilation, dilatationecto- out, outside -ectomy excision, surgical removaledema accumulation of fluid, swelling electr/o electricityembryo/o embryo emesis vomiting-emia condition of blood encephal/o brainend/o- in, within endocrin/o endocrineenter/o intestine epi- on, overepididym/o epididymis episi/o vulvaequi- equal, same erg/o workerythr/o- red, red blood cell , erythrocyt/o red blood cellesophag/o esophagus -esthesia, -esthesi/o sensation ,eu- true, good, easy, normal ex/o away from, outsideextra- outside fasci/o fasciaferr/i, ferr/o iron fet/o fetusfibr/o fiber -form like, resemblinggalact/o milk gangli/o, ganglion/o gangliongastr/o stomach gen, genesis origin, formationger/e, ger/o old age -geusia sense of tastegingiv/o gum gli/o neurogliaglomerul/o glomerulus gloss/o tonguegluc/o glucose glyc/o sugar, glucosegnath/o jaw -gram record of data-graph instrument for recording data -graphy act of recording datagravida pregnant woman gyn/o, gynec/o womanhem/o, hemat/o blood hemi- half, one side-hemia condition of blood hepat/o liverhetero- other, different, unequal hidr/o sweat, perspirationhist/o, histi/o tissue homo-, homeo- same, unchanginghydr/o water, fluid hyper- over, excess, increased, abnormally high hypn/o sleep hypo- under, below, decreased, abnormally low hypophys pituitary, hypophysis hyster/o uterus-ia condition of -ian specialist-ia/sis condition of -iatrics medical specialtyiatr/o physician -iatry medical specialty-ic pertaining to -ical pertaining to-ics medical specialty idr/o sweat, perspiration-ile pertaining to ile/o ileumili/o ilium im- notimmun/o immunity, immune system in- notinfra- below in/o fiber, muscle fiber insul/o pancreatic islets inter- betweenintra- in, within ir-, irit/o, irid/o iris-ism condition of iso- equal, same-ist specialist -itis inflammationjejun/o jejunum juxta- near, besidekali potassium kary/o nucleuskerat/o cornea, keratin, horny layer of skin , kine, kinesi/o, kinet/o movement labi/o lip labyrinth/o labyrinth (inner ear) lacrim/o tear, lacrimal apparatus lact/o milk-lalia speech, babble lapar/o abdominal walllaryng/o larynx lent/i lens-lepsy seizure leuk/o- white, colorless, white blood cell , leukocyt/o white blood cell -lexia readinglingu/o tongue lip/o fat, lipidlith calculus, stone -logy study oflumb/o lumbar region, lower back lymphaden/o lymph node lymphangi/o lymphatic vessel lymph/o lymph, lymphatic system, lymphocyte , lymphocyt/o lymphocyte lysis separation, loosening, dissolving, destruction -lytic dissolving, reducing, loosening macro- large, abnormally largemal- bad, poor malacia softeningmamm/o breast, mammary gland mania excited state, obsessionmast/o breast, mammary gland medull/o inner part, medulla oblongata, spinal cord mega-, megalo- large, abnormally large -megaly enlargementmelan/o- black, dark, melanin , mening/o, meninge/o meningesmen/o, mens month, menstruation mes/o middle-meter instrument for measuring metr/o measuremetr/o, metr/i uterus -metry measurement ofmicro- small, one millionth -mimetic mimicking, simulatingmon/o one morph/o form, structuremuc/o mucus, mucous membrane multi- manymuscul/o muscle myc/o fungus, moldmyel/o bone marrow, spinal cord , , my/o musclemyring/o tympanic membrane myx/o mucusnarc/o stupor, unconsciousness , nas/o nosenat/i birth natri sodiumnecrosis death of tissue neo- newnephr/o kidney neur/o, neur/i nervous system, nerve noct/i night non- notnormo- normal nucle/o nucleusnyct/o night, darkness ocul/o eyeodont/o tooth, teeth -odynia pain-oid like, resembling olig/o- few, scanty, deficiency of-oma tumor onc/o tumoronych/o nail oo ovumoophor/o ovary ophthalm/o eye-opia eye, vision -opsia visionopt/o eye, vision orchid/o, orchi/o testisor/o mouth ortho- straight, correct, upright-ory pertaining to osche/o scrotum-ose sugar -o/sis condition of-osmia sense of smell oste/o boneot/o ear -ous pertaining toovari/o ovary ov/o ovum-oxia oxygen (level of) ox/y oxygen, sharp, acute ,pachy- thick palat/o palatepalpebr/o eyelid pan- allpancreat/o pancreas papill/o nipplepara- near, beside para woman who has given birth parathyr/o, parathyroid/o parathyroid paresis partial paralysispath/o, -pathy disease, any disease of , ped/o foot, child ,pelvi/o pelvis -penia decrease in, deficiency ofper- through peri- aroundperine/o perineum periton, peritone/o peritoneum-pexy surgical fixation phac/o, phak/o lensphag/o eat, ingest pharmac/o drugpharyng/o pharynx -phasia speechphil, -philic attracting, absorbing phleb/o veinphobia fear phon/o sound, voice-phonia voice phot/o lightphren/o diaphragm phrenic/o phrenic nervepituitar pituitary hypophysis plas, -plasia formation, molding, development -plasty plastic repair, plastic surgery, reconstruction -plegia paralysispleur/o pleura -pnea breathingpneum/o, pneumat/o air, gas, lung respiration pneumon/o lungpod/o foot -poiesis formation, productionpoikilo- varied, irregular poly- many, muchpost- after, behind pre- before, in front of presby- old ,prim/i- first pro- before, in front of proct/o rectumprostat/o prostate prote/o protein pseudo- falsepsych/o mind ptosis dropping, downward displacement, prolapseptysis spitting pulm/o, pulmon/o lung pupill/o pupilpyel/o renal pelvis pylor/o pylorus py/o puspyr/o, pyret/o fever, fire , quadr/i- four rachi/o spineradicul/o root of spinal nerve radi/o radiation, x-ray re- again, backrect/o rectum ren/o kidney reticul/o network retin/o retinaretro- behind, backward -rhage, -rhagia bursting forth, profuse flow, hemorrhage -rhaphy surgical repair, suture -rhea flow, discharge -rhexis rupturerhin/o nose sacchar/o sugar sacr/o sacrumsalping/o tube, oviduct, eustachian (auditory) tube , -schisis fissure, splitting scler/o hard, sclera (of eye) , sclerosis hardening ,-scope instrument for viewing or examining -scopy examination ofseb/o sebum, sebaceous gland semi- half, partialsemin semen sial/o saliva, salivary gland, salivary duct sider/o iron sigmoid/o sigmoid colon sinistr/o left -sis condition ofsomat/o body -some body somn/i, somn/o sleepson/o sound, ultrasound spasm sudden contraction, crampsperm/i semen spermat/o spermatozoaspir/o breathing splen/o spleenspondyl/o vertebra staped/o, stapedi/o stapesstaphyl/o grapelike cluster, staphylococcus stasis suppression, stoppagesteat/o fatty stenosis narrowing, constrictionsteth/o chest stoma, stomat/o mouth-stomy surgical creation of an opening strept/o- twisted chain, streptococcussub- below, under super- above, excesssupra- above syn-, sym- togethersynov/i synovial joint, synovial membrane tachy- rapidtel/e-, tel/o- end ten/o, tendin/o tendonterat/o malformed fetus test/o testis tetra- fourthalam/o thalamus therm/o heat, temperaturethorac/o chest, thorax thromb/o blood clotthrombocyt/o platelet, thrombocyte thym/o thymus glandthyr/o, thyroid/o thyroid toc/o labor-tome instrument for incising (cutting) -tomy incision, cuttington/o tone tonsill/o tonsiltox/o, toxic/o poison, toxin , trache/o tracheatrans- through tri- threetrich/o hair -tripsy crushingtrop,- tropic act(ing) on, affect(ing) troph/o, -trophy, -trophia feeding, growth, nourishment tympan/o tympanic cavity (middle ear), tympanic membrane un- notuni- one ureter/o ureter urethr/o urethra-uria urine, urination ur/o urine, urinary tract urin/o urineuter/o uterus uve/o uvea (of eye) vagin/o sheath, vaginavalv/o, valvul/o valve varic/o twisted and swollen vein vascul/o vesselvas/o vessel, duct, vas deferens , , ven/o, ven/i vein ventricul/o cavity, ventricle ,vertebr/o vertebra, spinal column vesic/o urinary bladdervesicul/o seminal vesicle vestibul/o vestibule, vestibular apparatus (of ear) vir/o virusvulv/o vulva xanth/o- yellow xero- dry -y condition of abdomen abdomin/o, celi/o abdominal wall lapar/oabnormal dys- abnormally high hyper-abnormally large macro-, mega-, megalo- , abnormally low hypo-above super-, supra- , absence a-, an-, dis-absorb(ing) phil, -philic accumulation of fluid edemaact of recording data -graphy act(ing) on trop, -tropic ,acute ox/y adrenal gland adren/o, adrenal/oadrenaline adren/o adrenal adren/oadrenal cortex adrenocortic/o affect(ing) trop, -tropicafter post- again re- against anti-, contra- , ,air aer/o, pneumat/o , all pan- amnion amnioanus an/o any disease of -pathyaorta aort/o arm brachi/o around circum-, peri-arteriole arteriol/o artery arter/o, arteri/o atrium atri/oattract(ing) phil, -philic away from ab-, ex/o- ,babble -lalia bacillus bacill/i, bacill/o back re-backward retro- bacterium bacteri/o bad mal-before ante-, pre-, pro- behind post-, retro- , below hypo-, infra-, sub- ,beside para-, juxta- between inter- bile bili, chol/e, chol/obile duct cholangi/o binding -desis birth nat/iblack melan/o- , bladder cyst/o, cyst/i ,bladder (urinary) cyst/o, vesic/o blood hem/o, hemat/o blood (condition of) -emia, -hemia blood clot thromb/o blue cyan/o- body somat/o, -somebone oste/o bone marrow myel/o , ,brain encephal/o breaking clasis, clasia breast mamm/o, mast/o breathing -pnea, spir/o , bronchiole bronchiol bronchus bronch/i, bronch/o bursa burs/o bursting forth -rhage, -rhagia calcium calc/icalculus lith calyx cali, calic cancer carcin/ocarbon dioxide -capnia carcinoma carcin/o cartilage chondr/ocavity ventricul/o , cecum cec/o cell -cyte, cyt/o cerebellum cerebell/o cerebral cortex cortic/o cerebrum cerebr/o cervix cervic/o chain (twisted) strept/o cheek bucc/o chemical chem/o chest thorac/o, steth/o child ped/o choroid chori/o, choroid/o ciliary body cycl/o ciliary muscle cycl/o clitoris clitor/o, clitorid/o clot thromb/ococcyx coccy, coccyg/o cochlea cochle/o cold cry/o colon col/o, colon/ocolor chrom/o, chromat/o colorless leuk/o- common bile duct choledoch/o condition of -ia, -ia/sis, -ism, -o/sis, -sis, -y condition of blood -emia, -hemia constriction stenosis contraction (sudden) spasm cornea corne/o, kerat/ocorrect ortho- cramp spasm cranium crani/o crushing -tripsycutting -tomy cutting instrument -tome cyst cyst/o, cyst/i dark melan/o- , darkness nyct/odata -gram death of tissue necrosis decreased, decrease in hypo-, -penia , deficiency of oligo-, -penia destruction lysis development plas, -plasiadiaphragm phren/o different hetero- difficult dys-dilatation, dilation ectasia, ectasis dim ambly- discharge -rheadisease path/o, -pathy dissolving lysis, -lytic double dipl/o-down de- dropping, downward displacement ptosis drug pharmac/odry xero- duct vas/o duodenum duoden/o ear ot/oeasy eu- eat phag/o egg oo, ov/o electricity electr/oembryo embry/o embryonic cell -blast, blast/o end tel/e, tel/o, acro ,endocrine endocrin/o enlargement -megaly enzyme -aseepididymis epididym/o epinephrine adren/o equal iso-, equi-esophagus esophag/o eustachian (auditory) tube salping/o examination of -scopy excess hyper-, super- excision -ectomy excited state maniaexpansion dilation, dilatation, ectasia, ectasis extremity acro eye ocul/o, ophthalm/o, opt/o, -opia , eyelid blephar/o, palpebr/o false pseudo- fascia fasci/o fat adip/o, lip/ofatty steat/o fear phobia feeding troph/o, -trophy, -trophia fetus fet/ofetus (malformed) terat/o fever pyr/o, pyret/o , few oligo-fiber fibr/o, in/o , filled sac or pouch cyst/o, cyst/i finger dactyl/ofire pyr/o, pyret/o first prim/i- fissure -schisis fixation (surgical) -pexyflow -rhea fluid hydr/o foot ped/o, pod/o form morph/oformation gen, genesis, plas, -plasia, -poiesis , four quadr/i, tetra-fungus myc/o fusion -desis gall chol/e, chol/ogallbladder cholecyst/o ganglion gangli/o, ganglion/ogas aer/o, pneum/o, pneumon/o, pneumat/o , gland aden/o glomerulus glomerul/o glucose gluc/o, glyc/o good eu- grapelike cluster staphyl/ogrowth troph/o, -trophy, -trophia gum gingiv/o hair trich/ohalf hemi-, semi- hard scler/o hardening sclerosis ,head cephal/o hearing acous, acus, audi/o, cusheart cardi/o heat therm/ohemorrhage -rhage, -rhagia hernia -celehidden crypt/o horny layer of skin kerat/ohypophysis hypophys, pituitar islets (pancreatic) insul/oileum ile/o ilium ili/o immature cell blast/o, -blastimmune system immun/o immunity immun/o in end/o-, intra- ,in front of pre-, pro- incision of -tomy incomplete atel/o- increased hyper- inflammation -itis ingest phag/o instrument for incising (cutting) -tomeinstrument for measuring -meter instrument for recording data -graphinstrument for viewing or examining -scopeintestine enter/o iris ir, irid/o, irit/oiron ferr/i, ferr/o, sider/o irregular poikilo- jaw gnath/ojejunum jejun/o joint arthr/o keratin kerat/o kidney nephr/o, ren/olabor toc/o labyrinth labyrinth/o lack of a-, an-lacrimal apparatus dacry/o, lacrim/o lacrimal sac dacryocyst/olarge macro-, mega-, megalo- , larynx laryng/o left sinistr/o-lens lent/i, phac/o, phak/o leukocyte leuk/o, leukocyt/o level of carbon dioxide -capnia level of oxygen -oxia light phot/o like -form, -oidlip labi/o lipid lip/o liver hepat/o localized dilation -cele loosening lysis, -lytic , loss de- lumbar region, lower back lumb/o lung, lungs pneum/o, pneumat/o, pneumon/o, pulm/o, pulmon/o lymph, lymphatic system lymph/o lymph node lymphaden/olymphatic vessel lymphangi/o lymphocyte lympho, lymphocyt/o male andr/omalformed fetus terat/o mammary gland mamm/o, mast/o many multi-, poly-marrow myel/o measure metr/o measuring instrument -meter measurement of -metry medical specialty -ics, -iatrics, iatry medulla oblongata medull/o melanin melan/omeninges mening/o, meninge/o menstruation men/o, mens middle meso-milk galact/o, lact/o mimicking -mimetic mind psych/o mold myc/omolding plas, -plasia month men/o, mens mouth or/o, stoma, stomat/omovement kine, kinesi/o, kinet/o much poly- mucus muc/o, myx/omucous membrane muc/o muscle my/o, muscul/o muscle fiber in/onail onych/o narrowing stenosis near ad-, juxta-, para- ,neck cervic/o , nerve, nervous system, nervous tissue neur/o, neur/inetwork reticul/o neuroglia gli/o new neo- night noct/i, nyct/onipple papill/o nitrogen compounds azot/o normal eu-, normo- ,nose nas/o, rhin/o not a-, an-, in-, im-, non-, un- nourishment troph/o, -trophy, -trophia nucleus kary/o, nucle/o obsession mania old presby- , old age ger/e, ger/oone mon/o-, uni- one side hemi- opening (created surgically) -stomyopposite contra- , origin gen, genesis other hetero-out, outside ec-, ecto-, ex/o, extra- , outer portion cortic/o ovary ovari/o, oophor/oover hyper-, epi- , oviduct salping/o ovum oo, ov/o oxygen ox/y, -oxia ,pain -algia, -odynia , pain -algesia, alg/o, algi/o, algesi/o , , ,painful dys- palate palat/o pancreas pancreat/opancreatic islets insul/o paralysis -plegiaparalysis (partial) paresis parathyroid parathyr/o, parathyroid/opartial semi- partial paralysis paresis pelvis pelvi/operineum perine/o peritoneum periton, peritone/operspiration hidr/o, idr/o pertaining to -ac, -al, -ar, -ary, -ial, -ic, -ical, -ile,-ory, -ous pharynx pharyng/o phrenic nerve phrenic/o physician iatr/o pituitary pituitar, hypophys plastic repair, plastic surgery -plasty platelet thrombocyt/o pleura pleur/o poison tox/o, toxic /o , poor mal- potassium kali pouch (filled) cyst/o, cyst /i pregnant woman gravida pressure bar/o production –poiesis productive cell blast/o, -blast profuse flow -rhage, -rhagia prolapse ptosis prostate prostat/o protein prote/o puncture centesis pupil pupill/o pus py/o pylorus pylor/o radiation radi/o rapid tachy- reading -lexia reconstruction -plasty record of data -gram recording data (act of) -graphy rectum rect/o, proct/o red erythr/o-red blood cell erythr/o, erythrocyt/o reducing -lytic removal de-, dis-removal (surgical) -ectomy renal pelvis pyel/o repair (plastic) -plastyrepair (surgical) -rhaphy respiration pneum/o, pneumon/o, pneumat/o resembling -form, -oid retina retin/o rib cost/o right dextr/o- root of spinal nerve radicul/orupture -rhexis sac (filled) cyst/o, cyst/i sacrum sacr/o saliva, salivary gland, salivary duct sial/osame equi-, homo-, homeo-, iso- sclera (of eye) scler/o scanty oligo-scrotum osche/o sebum, sebaceous gland seb/o seizure -lepsy self auto-semen semin, sperm/i, spermat/o seminal vesicle vesicul/o sensation -esthesia, esthesi/o , sense of smell -osmia sense of taste -geusia separation dis-, -lysis ,sharp ox/y sheath vagin/o sigmoid colon sigmoid/o simulating -mimetic skin derm/o, dermat/o skull crani/o sleep somn/o, somn/i, hypn/o , slow brady- small micro- smell (sense of) -osmia sodium natrisoftening malacia sound phon/o, son/o, acous, acus, cus , specialist -ian, -ist, -logist specialty -ics, -iatrics, -iatry speech -phasia, -lalia sperm, spermatozoa sperm/i, spermat/o spinal column vertebr/o spinal cord myel/o, medulla spine rachi/o spitting ptysisspleen splen/o splitting -schisis stain chrom/o, chromat/ostapes staped/o, stapedi/o staphylococcus staphyl/o starch amyl/ostomach gastr/o stone lith stoppage stasis straight ortho- streptococcus strept/o structure morph/o study of -logy stupor narc/o , sugar glyc/o, sacchar/o, -ose sudden contraction spasm suppression stasissurgery (plastic) -plasty surgical creation of an opening -stomy surgical fixation -pexy surgical removal -ectomy surgical repair -rhaphy suture -rhaphysweat hidr/o, idr/o swelling edema synovial fluid, joint, membrane synov/itap centesis taste (sense of) -geusia tear dacry/o, lacrim/oteeth dent/o, denti, odont/o temperature therm/o tendon ten/o, tendin/otestis test/o, orchid/o, orchi/o thalamus thalam/o thick pachy-thorax thorac/o three tri- thrombocyte thrombocyt/o through dia-, per-, trans- thymus gland thym/o thyroid thyr/o, thyroid/o time chron/o tissue hist/o, histi/o tissue death necrosis toe dactyl/o together syn-, sym- tone ton/otongue gloss/o, lingu/o tonsil tonsill/o tooth -dent/o, dent/i, odont/o toward ad- toxin tox/o, toxic/o trachea trache/o true eu- tube salping/o ,tumor onc/o, -oma , twice bi-, di- twisted chain strept/o twisted and swollen vein varic/o two bi-, di-, dipl/o- tympanic cavity tympan/o tympanic membrane myring/o, tympan/o ultrasound son/o unchanging homo-, homeo- unconsciousness narc/o under hypo-, sub- , unequal hetero- upright ortho- ureter ureter/o urethra urethr/o urinary bladder cyst/o, vesic/o urine, urinary tract, urination ur/o, -uria uterus hyster/o, metr/o, metr/i, uter/o uvea uve/o vagina colp/o, vagin/o valve valv/o, valvul/o varied poikilo-vas deferens vas/o vein ven/o, ven/i, phleb/o vein (twisted, swollen) varic/oventricle ventricul/o , vertebra spondyl/o, vertebr/o vessel angi/o, vas/o, vascul/o , , vestibular apparatus, vestibule vestibul/o virus vir/o vision opt/o, -opia, -opsia ,voice phon/o, -phonia , vomiting emesis vulva episi/o, vulv/o water hydr/o white leuk/o- white blood cell leuk/o, leukocyt/o widening ectasia, ectasis, dilation, dilatation within end/o-, intra- , without a-, an-, de- woman gyn/o, gynec/owoman who has given birth para work erg/o x-ray radi/oyellow xanth/o-。
医学英语阅读课期末复习总结医学英语词汇词根前缀后缀
肺
pulmonalis肺丛
Pulmonologist [pʌl'mənɒlədʒɪst]胸肺科医生
Hepatic
[hɪˈpætɪk] a.肝脏的,治肝病的,肝脏色的,猪肝色
Hepat/hepato
肝
hepatalgia [hepə'tældʒə]肝区疼痛,肝痛
ophtalmologist眼科学家,眼科医师
Intraocular
[ˌɪntrə'ɒkjʊlə] a.眼内的,眼球内的
Intra-['ɪntrə]
表示[在内]之义,在内,内,内部
Intraabdominal腹内的，腹腔内的
Ocul-/oculo-
与眼有关的
ocular[ˈɒkjələ(r)]a.眼睛的，可见的，视觉的;n.目镜,眼睛
pathogen[ˈpæθədʒən]N.病菌，病原体
pathology[pəˈθɒlədʒi]n.病理学
nuclear[ˈnju:kliə(r)]
adj.(原子)核的；核心的；核能的
nucle-
nucleus核
Nucleoplasm ['nju:klɪəˌplæzəm]
n.核质
nuclein ['nju:klɪɪn] n.核蛋白质;核素,核质
Optant选择者
optochiasmatic视交叉的
carditis [kɑ:'daɪtɪs]
N.心脏炎
Cardi/cardio
心
Cardiovascular
[ˌkɑ:diəʊˈvæskjələ(r)]
Adj.心血管的
Cardiology
医学英语词首词根及词缀(精华版)
常用的一般英语后缀一、名词性后缀1，-age为抽象名词后缀，表示行为，状态和全体总称percentage百分数，百分率，voltage电压，伏特数，lavage灌洗，洗，出法，gavage管词法，curettage刮除法，shortage不足，缺少。
2，-cy表示抽象名词accuracy准确，精确度，infancy婴儿期。
3，-ence、-ance表示性质和动作difference不同，interference干扰，干预，influence影响，感化，occurrence 发出，出现，violence激烈，暴力，existence存在，significance意义，意味。
4，-ency、-ancy抽象名词后缀difficiency不足，不全，tendency趋势，趋向，frequency频率，pregnancy 妊娠，emergency紧急，急救，fluency流利，流畅，sufficiency足够，充足，constancy坚定，经久不变。
5，-er表示…人、…者diameter直径，receiver接收者，接受者，carrier携带者，beginner初学者，创始人，reader读者，shutter快门，goiter甲状腺肿。
6，-ics表示…科学psdiatrics儿科学，psychiatrics精神病学，obstetrics产科学，orthopdics 矫形科学，auristrics耳科学，gnathostomatics口腔生理学，andriatrics男性医学，男性科。
7，-ian表示人称名词physician医师，内科医师，technician技术员8，-ication由动词变化而来的抽象名词，常译为…化simpliffcation简化，calcification钙化，classification分类，分级，communication交流，交往。
9，-ing由动词变化而来的动名词nursing护理，typing分型，分类，mapping绘制…图，bleeding出血，vomiting 呕吐，softening变软，functioning使器官活动，使器官有功能，positioning 把…放在适当的位置，mathching和…相配，imaging成像。
专业医学英语词根及前缀后缀大全-按系统分类整理
基础词根（20个）汉义英词希腊源拉丁源例词前before pro- pre- prognosis (预后) / precardiac (心前的)上above hyper-, epi- super- epigastrium(上腹部) /superofrontal (额上的)下below hypo- sub- hypotension（低血压）/ subneural(神经下的) 内inside endo- intra- endocrine(内分泌的)/ intervenous(静脉内的)多many, much poly- multi- polyuria(多尿症)/ multipara (经产妇)同sameness homo- iso- homobody(同体)/ isotope (同位素)异difference allo- hetero- allosome(异染色体)/ heterotopia(异位)半half hemi- semi- hemisection(半切除)/ semicanal (半管)一one mono- uni- monoclonal(单克隆的)/ unicellular (单细胞的)二two di- bi- diarthric(两关节的)/ bidental(双牙的)运动系统（10个）汉义英词希腊源拉丁源例词肌肉flesh myo- musculo- myofiber(肌纤维)/ musculotendinous(肌腱的)骨bone osteo- os- osteoporosis(骨质疏松)/ ossa pedis (足骨)关节joint arthro- articulo- a rthritis(关节炎)/ articulation (关节)椎骨vertebra spondylo- vertebro- spondylodynia脊椎痛/ vertebrocostal(椎肋的)脊柱backbone rachio- spino- rachiomyelitis(脊髓炎)/ spinocortical(脊髓皮质的)心血管系统（10个+备用8个）汉义英词希腊源拉丁源例词心heart cardio- cor- cardiology(心脏病学)/ cor bovinum (牛心症)心房atrium atrio- aurico- atrium(心房)/ auricula (心房)血blood hemo- hemato- hemoglobin(血红蛋白)/ hematology (血液学)血管vessel angio- vaso- angiofibroma(血管纤维瘤)/ vascular (血管的)静脉vein phlebo- veno- phlebology(静脉学)/ venoclysis (静脉输注)快fast tachy- tachycardia (心动过速)慢slow brady bradycardia (心动过缓)主动脉aorto------- main artery毛细血管capillo------slim vessel血栓thrombo--------clot of blood血清sero-------watery part of blood.淋巴lympho-----colorless fluid from the tissues or organs of the body,containing white-cells.胸腺thymo-----a kind of gland in chest.呼吸系统（6个+ 备用5个）汉义英词希腊源拉丁源例词呼吸breath pneumo- spiro- pneumocardiography(呼吸心动描记法)/ spirography(呼吸描记法)鼻nose rhino- naso- rhinoplasty(鼻整形术)/ nasolabial (鼻唇的)肺lung pneumono- pulmo- pneumonia (肺炎)/ pulmonologist (肺脏病学家)咽pharyngo----喉laryngo------the hollow box like part in your throat where you make voice sounds气管tracheo----wind-pipe支气管broncho----slim windpipe胸膜pleuro----delicate membrance of the thorax and the lungs.呼吸-pnea -----breathe消化系统（第一组10个；第二组10个；备用7个）汉义英词希腊源拉丁源例词消化digestion pepso- gesto- pepsin(胃蛋白酶)/口mouth stomato- oro- stomatology(口腔医学)/ oronasal(口鼻的)舌tongue glosso- linguo- glossocele(大舌病)/ lingular (小舌的)牙teeth odonto- dento- odontoma(牙瘤)/ dentist(牙医)肝liver hepato- jeco- hepatization(肝样变)/ jecorize (鱼肝油化)胆gall bladder chole- bili- cholecyst(胆囊)/ biligenensis(胆汁生成)肠gut entero- intestino- enterococcin(肠球菌素)/ intestinotoxin(肠毒素)直肠rectum procto- recto- proctectomy (直肠切除术)/ rectum (直肠)肛门anus procto- ano- proctodynia(肛部痛)/ anus (肛门)糖glucose glyco- saccharo- glycogen(糖原)/ saccharose (蔗糖)食道esophago-胃gastro-幽门pyloro-阑尾appendo-胆囊cholecysto-胰腺pancreato-酶-ase泌尿系统（6个+4个= 10个）汉义英词希腊源拉丁源例词肾kidney nephro- reno- nephrosis(肾变病)/ renocortical (肾皮质的)肾盂renal pelvis pyelo- pelvi- pyelopathy(肾盂病)/ pelviostpmy(肾盂造口术)膀胱bladder cysto- vesico- cystotome(膀胱刀)/ vesicocolic(膀胱结肠的)尿urine uro- urocyst (膀胱)水water hydro- hydromyelia (脊髓积水)球菌coccus cocco- coccobacillus(球杆菌)结石stone litho- litholysis(结石溶解)皮肤、感觉器官（6个）汉义英词希腊源拉丁源例词皮肤skin dermato- cutaneo- dermatitis(皮炎)/ cutaneomucosal(皮粘膜的)眼eye ophthalmo- oculo- ophthalmosurgery(眼外科)/耳ear oto- auri- otology(耳科学)/ auriform(耳状的)药理学（2个）汉义英词希腊源拉丁源例词药drug pharmaco- medicine pharmacogenetics(药物遗传学)疗法treatment -therapy remedy chemotherapy(化疗)诊断（7个）汉义英词希腊源例词表，量器measure -meter thermometer (温度计)度量，测量to measure -metry pelvimetry (骨盆测量法)图，像 a mark -gram electrocardiogram (心电图)图-graph electrocardiograph (心动电流描记器)书写，记录to write -graphy electrocardiography (心动电流描记法)镜to examine -scope endoscope (内镜)检查法to examine -scopy endoscopy (内镜检查术)外科学（6个）汉义英词希腊源例词切开cutting -tomy anatomy (解剖)切除cut away -ectomy appendectomy (阑尾切除术)造口opening -stomy gastrostomy (胃造口术)成形shape -plasty cardioplasty (贲门成形术)缝合sew -rrhaphy herniorraphy (疝缝手术)固定术fixation -pexy hepatopexy (肝固定术)典型词素（第一组10个；第二组9个）情况-ia anoxia (缺氧症)瘤-oma carcinoma (癌)炎症-itis hepatitis (肝炎)痛-algia arthralgia (关节痛)痛-dynia osteodynia (骨痛)血症-emia leukemia (白血病)尿-uria oliguria (少尿症)病态，状态-osis sclerosis (硬化症)贫乏，缺少-penia erythropenia (红细胞减少)患病状态，疾病-pathy myopathy (肌病)细胞cell -cyte monocyte (单核细胞)体-some chromosome（染色体）嗜-phil acidophilia （嗜酸性）杀死-cide g ermicide（杀虫剂）溶解-lysis hemolysis (溶血)溢出-(o)rrhea diarrhea（腹泻）恐惧-phobe hydrophobia(恐水症)…学科-iatry/ -iatrics pediatrics (儿科)..状的-form filiform (线形的)成…细胞-blast osteoblast (成骨细胞)。
医学英语词汇(词根、词缀)
Ⅱ前缀Post—后postpartum 产后De- 去dehydration 脱水Hyper—高hyperuricemia 高尿酸血症Pre—前premature 发生在适当时间之前的Myo- 肌myoglolinemia 肌红蛋白血症Tetra—四tetrachloride 四氯化Re- 重复Replicate 复制Poly- 多Polymerase 聚合酶Deoxy- 脱氧Deoxyribonucleotide 脱氧核糖核苷酸Trans—转移Transferase 转移酶di—二Phosphodiester 磷酸二酯Pro- 原proinsulin 胰岛素原Tachy—快Tachycardia 心动过速Lipo- 脂Lipophilic 亲脂的Hydro—水Hydrophilic 亲水的Entero—肠Enterohepatic 肠肝的Ar—非，失常Arrhythmogenic 致心律失常的bi—二Bigeminy 二联律Dis—缺乏Disorientation 定向力缺乏Auto- 自动automaticity 自律性Extra—外extracellular 细胞外的Non—非nontraumatic 非创伤性的Epi—上epigastrium 上腹部的Peri—周围periumbilical 脐周Para—旁paracolic 结肠旁Hemat- 血hematemesis 呕血Intra—内intramural 壁内的Ipsi- 同ipsilateral 同侧的Oro- 口oropharynx 口咽部Hepato- 肝hepatosplenomegaly 肝脾肿大Dys—困难dyspneic 呼吸困难的Brady- 过缓bradycardia 心动过缓Naso- 鼻nasopharygeal 鼻咽的Encephalo- 脑Encephalomenigitis 脑膜脑炎Myo—肌myocarditis 心肌炎Gastro—胃gastroenteritis 胃肠炎Ovi- 卵oviduct 输卵管Endo- 内endometrium 子宫内膜Radio—放射radioimmunoassay 放射免疫测定Nulli- 未nullipara 未产妇a- 无、非amenorrhea 闭经-ectomy 切除术hysterectomy 子宫切除术Bronchi- 支气管bronchiectasis 支气管扩张Neo- 新neoplasm 新生物Lympho—淋巴lymphoma 淋巴瘤Tetra—四tetracycline 四环素Hypo- 低hypogammaglobulinaemia 低γ—球蛋白血症Micro—微microangiopathy 微血管病变Retino- 视网膜retinopathy 视网膜病变后缀—megaly 肿大hepatosplenomegaly 肝脾肿大-centesis 穿刺术thoracentesis 胸腔穿刺术—emia 血症hyperuricemia 高尿酸血症—itis 炎症pancreatitis 胰腺炎-ase 酶Transferase 转移酶-lysis 分解proteolysis 蛋白分解-philic 亲Lipophilic 亲脂的-genic 致arrhythmogenic 致心律失常的-rrhea 溢galactorrhea 溢乳—stasis 稳定homeostasis 体内环境稳定—scopy 镜检查laparoscopy 腹腔镜检查—otomy 切开术colpotomy 阴道穹隆切开术-pathy 病变retinopathy 视网膜病变—ist 者、专家ophthalmologist 眼科医师解剖：解剖学术语前缀含义举例a-an—不，不是，非，没有,少azygos: 不成对的部分,无对偶的部分,单一器an tibacterial：抗生素ante—在…之前，…前的antecubital: 肋前的anti—反抗，治疗的anti bacterial: 抗生素circum—环，周围circum ferential fibers: 环型纤维contra—反抗，逆对contra lateral: 对侧的ec-出,偏离ec ctopic: 异位的endo- 内部的，内在的endoscope: 内窥镜epi—在上，向epi dural: 硬膜的ex- 出，从，来的ex cise: 切除extra—天，…外的extradural：硬膜外的hyper- 过好的,超出平常的hyperlordosis: 过度前凸ermal (pertaining to upon the skin)hypo—不足的，在…下的hypokyphosis: 后凸平足，平背畸形infra-在…下infra laminar：椎板下节inter- 在…之间intercostal：肋间intra—在…之内intradural: 硬膜下ipsi—相同的ipsi lateral: 同侧的mal—病态的,平启的mal union: 骨接合不正medi- 中间的medi al：中间的para- 不正常的，延…的，附近的para esthesia（or paresthesia）：感觉异常peri- 围绕，附近的peri neural: 神经外膜post- 之后，在…后post operative：术后的pre—之前，在…前preoperative:术前准备pseudo—假的pseudoarthrosis(or pseudarthr-osis）：假关节retro—向后，回复retro peritoneal: 腹膜后的semi—半semi lunar：半月型的sub- 之下，在…之下subcutaneous: 皮下的supra—之上supralaminar：椎板上syn—共，合syn ostosis：骨连接trans- 穿过trans peritoneal: 经腹膜常用后缀-algia 疼痛arthralgia: 关节痛—clasis 断,折断osteoclasis: 骨破折-desis 固定( 关节或骨头) arthrodesis：关节固定术关节融合术—ectomy 切除laminectomy：椎板切除术—emia 血anemia：贫血—genesis 形成，起源osteogensis: 骨发生—itis 炎症arthitis: 关节炎—lysis 分解，松解osteolysis：骨吸收，骨质溶解—malacia 软化chrondromalacia: 轻骨软化—oid 类似osteoid：骨样的-oma 肿瘤sarcoma: 肉瘤-otomy 切,截osteotomy：截骨术-paresis 半，部分麻痹hemiparesis：半身麻痹-path(y) 病neuropathy: 神经病肥大—penia 不止，减少osteopenia：骨质减少-plasia 生长,形成hyperplasia：增生,过度增生-plasty 手术修复cranioplasty: 颅骨成形术-scope 检查设备thoracocscope: 胸腔镜—scopy 用设备检查thoracoscopy：胸腔镜检查-stenosis 狭窄的spinal stenosis: 椎管狭窄-tome 切割器械ostetome: 骨力—tomy 切，截osteotomy: 截骨术—trophy 食物，营养hypetrophy: 过度生长常用的前缀第一节表示无，抗，非的前缀一．a—,an-无,非。
医学专业英语前后缀及词根
•a-[无，缺]▲anemia[贫血]▲ atonia[无张力]▲ asymptomatic[无症状的]▲ amenorrhea[闭经]•ab-[分离]▲ abduct [外展]▲ abscision[切除]•acou (acu)-[听觉]▲ acumeter [听力计]▲ acouophone[助听器]•acro-[肢端]▲ acromegaly[肢端肥大症]▲ acromastitis[乳头炎]•ad (af, an)-[邻近，向上]▲ adrenal [肾上腺]▲ adaxial[近轴的]▲ annexa[附件]•-ad[……侧]▲ ventrad[向腹侧]▲ cephalad[向头侧]•adeno-[腺]▲ adenocyte[腺细胞]▲ adenoidism[腺体病]•adipo-[脂肪]▲ adiposis[肥胖症]▲ adiponecrosis[脂肪坏死] •adreno-[肾上腺]▲adrenocorticoid[肾上腺皮质激素]▲ adrenalin[肾上腺素]▲ adrenal[肾上腺]•-aemia(emia)[血症]▲ bacteremia[菌血症]▲ leukemia[白血病]•-albi (albino)-[白色]▲ albumin[白蛋白]▲ albinism[白化病]•-algesia[痛觉]▲hypoalgesia[痛觉减退]•-algia[痛]▲arthralgia[关节痛]▲cephalgia[头痛]▲neuralgia[神经痛] •alkali-[碱]▲alkalosis[碱中毒]•alveo-[牙槽，小沟]▲alveolitis[牙槽炎]▲alveobronchiolitis[支气管肺泡炎]•ambi-[复，双]▲ ambiopia[复视]▲ ambivert[双重性格]•ambly-[弱]▲amblyopia[弱视]▲amblyaphia[触觉迟钝]•amylo-[淀粉]▲amyloidosis[淀粉酶]▲amylase[淀粉酶]•angio-[血管]▲angiography[血管造影术]▲angioedema[血管性水肿]▲angeitis[脉管炎]▲angiofibroma[血管纤维瘤]•ante-[前]▲antenatal[出生前的]▲anteflexion[前屈]•antero-[前]▲anterolateral[前侧壁]▲anteroventral[前腹侧]•anti-[抗，反]▲antibiotics[抗生素]▲antihypertensives[降压药]▲anticoagulant[抗凝剂]•rarchno-[蛛网膜]▲arachnoiditis[蛛网膜炎]•archo-[肛门，直肠]▲archorrhagia[肛门出血]▲archosyrinx[直肠灌注器]•arterio-[动脉]▲arteriospasm[动脉痉挛]▲arteriosclerosis[动脉硬化]•arthro-[关节]▲arthrocentesis[关节穿刺]▲arthrotomy[关节切开术]▲arthritis[关节炎]•-ase[酶]▲oxidase[氧化酶]▲proteinase[蛋白酶]•-asthenia[无力]▲myasthenia[肌无力]▲neurasthenia[神经衰弱]•audio(audito)-[听力]▲audiology[听觉学]▲audiometer[听力计]•auto-[自己]▲autoimmune[自身免疫]▲auto hemotherapy[自体血疗法]•bacilli-[杆菌]▲bacillosis[杆菌病]▲bacilluria[杆菌尿]医学全在.线提供•bacterio-[细菌]▲bacteriology[细菌学]▲bactericide[杀菌剂]•baro-[压力]▲barometer [压力计]▲baroreceptor[压力感受器]•bary-[迟钝]▲barylalia[言语不清]▲baryacusia[听觉迟钝]•bi-[双]▲bicuspid[二尖瓣]]▲bilateral[两侧的]•bili-[胆汁]▲bilirubin[胆红素]•bio-[生命]▲biology[生物学]▲biopsy[活检]•-blast[母细胞]▲spermatoblast[精子细胞]▲melanoblast[成黑色素细胞]▲osteoblast[成骨细胞]•brachy-[短]▲brachypnea[气短]▲brachydactylia[短指畸形]•brady-[迟缓]▲bradycardia[心动过缓]▲bradypsychia[精神不振]•broncho-[支气管]▲bronchoscopy[支气管镜检查]▲bronchiostenosis[支气管痉挛]▲bronchitis[支气管炎] •bronchiolo-[细支气管]▲bronchiolectasis[细支气管扩张] •calci-[钙]▲calcification[钙化]▲calcicosilicosis[钙沉着症] •carbo-[碳]▲carbohydrate[碳水化合物]▲carbohaemia[碳酸血症] •carcino-[癌]▲carcinogen[致癌物]•cardio-[心，贲门]▲cardiotonics[强心剂]▲cardioplasty[贲门成形术]•-cele[疝，肿物]▲omphalocele[脐疝]▲hysterocele[子宫脱垂]▲ophthalmocele[眼球突出] •celio-[腹]▲celialgia[腹痛]▲celioscopy[腹腔镜检查]•-centesis[穿刺]▲arthrocentesis[关节穿刺术] ▲abdominocentesis[腹穿] •cephalo-[头]▲cephaloxia[斜颈]▲cephalopathy[头部疾病]▲cephalotomy[穿颅术] •cerebello-[小脑]▲cerebellitis[小脑炎]▲cerebellum[小脑]•cerebro-[大脑]▲cerebritis[大脑炎]▲cerebrology[脑学]•chemo-[化学]▲chemotherapy[化疗]•chloro-[绿，氯]▲chloroform[氯仿]▲chloromycetin[氯霉素]▲chlorophyll[叶绿素] •cholangio-[胆道]▲cholangitis[胆管炎]▲cholangiectasis[胆管扩张] •cholo-[胆] ▲cholagogue[利胆剂]▲cholelithiasis[胆石症]▲cholecystitis[胆囊炎]▲cholesterol[胆固醇]•chondro-[软骨]▲chondrosarcoma[软骨肉瘤]▲chondrification[骨软化]•chromo-[色素] ▲cytochrome[细胞色素]▲chromosome[染色体]•-cide[杀……剂] ▲germicide[杀菌剂]▲aborticide[堕胎药]•circum-[周围] ▲circumoral[口周的]▲circumcision[包皮环切术]•coagulo-[凝固] ▲coagulant[凝血剂]•colo-[结肠] ▲colotomy[结肠切开术]▲coloptosis[结肠下垂]•colpo (coleo)-[阴道] ▲coleospastia[阴道痉挛]▲colposcope[阴道镜]•con tra-[反，逆] ▲contraindication[禁忌证]▲contraceptive[避孕药]•counter-[反，逆] ▲counteragent[拮抗剂]▲conuterpoison[解毒剂]•cranio-[颅] ▲craniomalacia[颅骨软化]▲cranioclasis[碎颅术]•-cyst-[囊] ▲cystomy[膀胱切开术]▲dacryocyst[泪囊]•-cyte-[细胞] ▲lymphocyte[淋巴细胞]▲cytolysis[细胞溶解]•de-[除去] ▲detoxication[解毒]•dento[牙] ▲dentistry[牙科学]▲dentalgia[牙痛]•-derm-[皮肤] ▲epiderm[表皮]▲dermatology[皮肤病学]▲dermoplasty[皮肤成形术]•dextro-[右] ▲dextrocardia[右位心]▲dexiotropic[右旋的]•di s-[分离] ▲discission[分离术]▲disinfection[消毒法]•duodeno-[十二指肠] ▲duodenitis[十二指肠炎]▲duodenostomy[十二指肠造口术]•-dynia[痛] ▲acrodynia[肢体痛]▲urethrodynia[尿道痛]•dys-[异常] ▲dysfunction[功能不良]▲dyshormonism[内分泌障碍]▲dysuria[排尿困难]医学全在线•-ectasis[扩张] ▲gastroectasis[胃扩张]▲aerenterectasia[肠胀气]▲bronchiectasia[支气管扩张]•-ectomy[切除术] ▲appendectomy[阑尾切除术]▲lipectomy[脂肪切除术]•-edema[水肿] ▲encephaledema[脑水肿]▲myxedema[粘液性水肿]•-emesia[呕] ▲hematemesia[呕血]▲helminthemesia[吐虫]•encephalo-[脑] ▲encephaloma[脑瘤]▲encephaledema[脑水肿]•endo-[内] ▲endocarditis[心内膜炎]▲endoscope[内窥镜]•entero-[肠] ▲enteritis[肠炎]▲enterovirus[肠病毒]•epi-[上，外] ▲epigastrium[上腹部]•erythro-[红] ▲erythromycin[红霉素]▲erythroderma[红皮病] •esophago-[食管] ▲esophagoscope[食管镜]▲esophagitis[食管炎] •extra-[……外] ▲extracellular[细胞外的]▲extrasystole[额外收缩] •facio-[面] ▲facioplegia[面瘫]▲facioplasty[面部成形术] •-fast[耐] ▲acid-fast[抗酸的] ▲uviofast[耐紫外线]•febri-[热] ▲febricula[低热] ▲febrifacient[致热的] •feti-[胎儿] ▲feticulture[妊娠期卫生]▲fetometry[胎儿测量法] •fibro-[纤维] ▲fibroblast[成纤维细胞]▲fibrosis[纤维化]•fore-[前] ▲forebrain[前脑] ▲forehead[前额]•-form[形状] ▲oviform[卵形的] ▲granuliform[颗粒状的] •fungi-[真菌，霉菌] ▲fungicide[杀真菌剂]▲fungistasis[制霉菌作用] •gastro-[胃] ▲gastroptosis[胃下垂]▲gastroenteritis[胃肠炎]▲gastroscopy[胃镜检查]▲gastratrophy[胃萎缩]•-gen [原，剂] ▲glycogen[糖原] ▲pathogen[病原体]▲androgen[雄激素]▲Estrogen[雌激素]•-genic[……性] ▲cardiogenic[心源性的]▲allergenic[变应反应] •giganto-[巨大] ▲gigantocyte[巨红细胞]▲gigantism[巨大症]•gingivo-[牙龈] ▲gingivitis[牙龈炎]▲gingivostomatitis[牙龈口腔炎]•glosso-[舌] ▲glossoplegia[舌瘫痪]•gluco-[糖] ▲glucoprotein[糖蛋白]▲glucocorticoid[糖皮质激素]•glyco-[糖] ▲glycogen[糖原]▲glycouria[糖尿]•-grade[级，度] ▲centigrade[摄氏温度计]▲retrograde[逆行性]•-gram[克，图] ▲microgram[微克]▲electroencephalogram[脑电图]•-graph(y)[……仪（法）] ▲electrocardiogram[心电图]▲bronchography[支气管造影术]•gyneco-[妇女] ▲gynecology[妇科学]▲gynecopathy[妇科病]•hemo(hemato)-[血] ▲hemoglobin[血红蛋白]▲hematoma[血肿]•hemi-[半] ▲hemiplegia[偏瘫]▲hemicrania[偏头病]•hepato-[肝] ▲hepatitis[肝炎]▲hepatocirrhosis[肝硬化]▲hepatosplenomegaly[肝脾肿大]•hidro-[汗] ▲hyperhidrosis[多汗症]▲anhidrosis[无汗症]•histo-[组织] ▲histology[组织学]▲histomorphology[组织形态学]•holo-[全] ▲holonarcosis[全麻]▲holoenzyme[全酶]•homo-[同] ▲homotype[同型]▲homologue[同系物]▲homoplasty[同种移植术]•hydro-[水] ▲hydropericardium[心包积水]▲hydrolysis [水解]•hypr-[高] ▲hypercalcemia[高钙血症]▲hyperthyroidism[甲亢]•hypno-[睡眼] ▲hypnotics[安眠药]▲hypnotherapy[催眠疗法]•hypo-[低] ▲hypotension[低血压]▲hypoglycemia[低血糖]•hystero-[子宫] ▲hysterospasm[子宫痉挛]▲hysteroptosis[子宫下垂]•-ia[病] ▲melancholia[忧郁症]▲pyrexia[发热]•-iatrics[医学] ▲pediatrics[儿科学]▲geriatrics[老年病学]•-iatry[医学] ▲psychiatry[精神病学]▲pediatry[儿科学]•immuno-[免疫] ▲immunoglobulin[免疫球蛋白]▲immunotherapy[免疫疗法]•infra-[下] ▲infraorbital[眶下的]▲infrared[红外线]•inter-[间] ▲intervertebral[椎间的]▲intercellular[细胞间的]•intra-[内] ▲intravenous[静脉内的]▲intracranial[颅内的]▲intramuscular[肌肉内的]•-ist[家] ▲pathologist[病理学家]▲anatomist[解剖学家]•-itis[炎症] ▲cellulitis[蜂窝织炎]▲myocarditis[心肌炎] •leuco (leuko)-[白] ▲leucorrhea[白带]▲leukocytosis[白细胞增多]▲leukemia[白血病]•lipo-(脂) ▲lipotrophy[脂肪增多]▲lipase[脂酶]•-lith[结石] ▲cholelith[胆结石]▲cholelithiasis[胆石症] •-logy[学] ▲terminology[术语学]▲Cardiology[心脏病学] •lumbo-[腰] ▲lumbosacral[腰骶部的]▲lumbago[腰背痛]▲lumbodynia[腰痛] •lympho-[淋巴] ▲lymphedema[淋巴水肿]▲lymphocytopenia[淋巴细胞减少]•-lysis(lytic)[松解，分解了] ▲aythrolysis[关节松解术]▲spasmolytic[解痉的] •macro-[大] ▲macrophage[巨噬细胞]▲macromolecule[大分子] •mal-[不良] ▲malnutrition[营养不良]▲malfunction[功能不全] •-megaly[巨大] ▲cardiomegaly[心扩大]▲cephalomegaly[巨头畸形] •meningo-[脑膜] ▲meningitis[脑膜炎]▲meningocephalitis[脑膜脑炎]•meno-[月经] ▲dysmenorrhea[痛经]▲menopause[停经] •-meter[表，计] ▲spirometer[肺活量计]▲pyrometer[高温表]•-metry[测量法] ▲iodometry[碘定量法]•micro-[小] ▲micropump[微泵]▲microliter[微升]•mono-[单-] ▲mononucleosis[单核细胞增多]▲monomer[单体]•multi-[多] ▲multinuclear[多核的]▲multipara[经产妇]•myelo-[髓] ▲myelocele[脊髓膨出]▲myelocyte[髓细胞]•myo-[肌] ▲myocarditis[心肌炎]▲myofibroma[肌纤维瘤]•naso-[鼻] ▲nasoscope[鼻镜]▲nasitis[鼻炎]•neo-[新] ▲neoplasm[瘤]▲neomycin[新霉素]•nephro-[肾] ▲nephropathy[肾病]▲nephrosclerosis[肾硬变]•neuro-[神经] ▲neuroma[神经瘤]▲neurodermatitis[神经性皮炎]•non-[非] ▲non-electrolyte[非电解质]▲nonfetal[非致命的]•nulli-[无] ▲nullipara[未产妇]▲nulligravida[未孕妇]•nutri-[营养] ▲nutrition[营养]▲nutrology[营养学]•oculo-[眼] ▲oculist[眼科医生]▲oculus dexter[右眼]▲oculus sinister[左眼]•oligo-[少] ▲oligophrenia[智力发育不全]▲oliguria[少尿]•-oma[肿瘤] ▲adenoma[腺瘤]▲osteoma[骨瘤]•onco-[肿瘤] ▲oncology[肿瘤学]▲oncogene[癌基因]医.学全在.线提供•ophthalmo-[眼] ▲ophthalmocele[眼球突出]▲ophthalmoplegia[眼肌麻痹]•-osis[病] ▲cirrhosis[肝硬化]▲mycosis[霉菌病]•osteo-[骨] ▲osteomalacia[骨软化]▲osteoarthritis[骨关节炎]•oto-[耳] ▲otolith[耳石]▲otoplasty[耳成形术]▲otopyosis[耳化脓]•pan-[全] ▲panimmunity[多种免疫]▲pantalgia[全身痛]▲pantatrophia[全身营养不良]•-para[产妇] ▲primipara[初产妇]▲nullipara[未产妇]•-pathy[病] ▲dermatopathy[皮肤病]▲Cardiomyopathy[心肌病]•pedia-[儿童] ▲pediatrician[儿科医师]▲pediatrics[儿科学]•-penia[减少] ▲leucopenia[白细胞减少]▲thrombopenia[血小板减少]•per-[经] ▲percutaneous[经皮肤的]•peri-[周围] ▲pericarditis[心包炎]▲perianal[肛周的]•pharmaco-[药] ▲pharmacokinetics[药代动力学]▲physicochemistry[药典]•physio-[物理▲physiotheraphy[理疗]▲physicochemistry[物理化学]•-plasty[成形术] ▲angioplasty[血管成形术]▲homoplasty[同种移植]▲gastroplasty[胃成形术] •-plegia[瘫] ▲paraplegia[截瘫] ▲hemiplegia[偏瘫]•pleuro-[胸膜] ▲pleuritis[胸膜炎]▲pleurocentesis[胸腔穿刺术]•-pnea[呼吸] ▲orthopnea[端坐呼吸]▲tachypnea[呼吸急促] •pneumo-[气，肺] ▲pneumothorax[气胸]▲pneumococcus[肺炎球菌] •poly-[多] ▲polyuria[多尿]▲polycholia[胆汗过多] •post-[后] ▲postpartum[产后] ▲postoperation[术后]•pre-[前] ▲premenopause[绝经前期]▲premature[早搏]▲preload[前负荷]•pseudo-[假] ▲psudohypertrophy[假性肥大]▲psudomembranous[假膜的] •psycho-[精神，心理] ▲psychology[心理学]▲psychiatry[精神病学]•-ptosis[下垂] ▲nephroptosis[肾下垂]▲hysteroptosis[子宫下垂] •-ptysis[咯] ▲pyoptysis[咯脓] ▲hemoptysis[咯血]•pyo-[脓] ▲pyorrhea[溢脓]▲pyosis[化脓]•radio-[放射] ▲radiotherapy[放疗]▲radiology[放射学]•recto-[直肠] ▲rectitis[直肠炎]▲rectectomy[直肠切除术]•retino-[视网膜] ▲retinitis[视网膜炎]▲retinodialysis[视网膜分离]•rhino-[鼻] ▲rhinitis[鼻炎]▲rhinorrhea[鼻漏]•-rrhagia[出血] ▲gastorrhagia[胃出血]▲hemorrhage[出血]▲pneumorrhagia[肺出血]•-rrhaphy[缝合术] ▲neurorrhaphy[神经缝合术]▲Vasorrhaphy[输卵管缝合术]•-rrhea[流出] ▲diarrhea[腹泻]▲menorrhea[月经]•schisto-[裂] ▲schistosomiasis[血吸虫病]▲schistoglossia[舌裂]•scirrho-[硬] ▲scirrhosarca[硬皮病]▲scirrhoma[硬癌]•sclero-[硬] ▲scleroderma[硬皮病]▲sclerometer[硬度计]•-scope(y)[镜，检查] ▲stethoscope[听诊器]▲otoscope[耳镜]▲proctoscopy[直肠镜检查法]•semi-[半] ▲semicoma[半昏迷]▲semiliquid[半流汁]•spondylo-[脊椎] ▲spondylopathy[脊椎病]▲spondylitis[脊椎炎]医.学全,在.线,提供•-stomy[造口术] ▲colostomy[结肠造口术]▲ilecolostomy[回结肠吻合术]•sub-[下，亚] ▲subacute[亚急性]▲subabdominal[下腹部的]•super-[在…上] ▲superficial[浅的]▲superoxide[超氧化物]•supra-[上] ▲supraventricular[室上性的]▲suprarenalism[肾上腺机能亢进]•tachy-[快] ▲tachycardia[心动过速]▲tachypnea[呼吸急促]•-therapy[治疗] ▲massotherapy[按摩治疗]▲pharmacotherapy[药物治疗]•thermo-[热] ▲thermometer[温度计]▲thermatology[热疗学]•thrombo-[血栓，血小板] ▲thrombolysis[溶栓]▲thrombocytopenia[血小板减少症]▲thrombosis[血]•-tomy[切开术] ▲tracheotomy[气管切开术]▲ovariotomy[卵巢切开术]•tracheo-[气管] ▲tracheoscope[气管镜]▲tracheorrhagia[气管出血]•trans-[经，转移] ▲transurethral[经尿道]▲transfusion[输血]•-trophy[营养] ▲dystrophy[营养不良]▲atrophy[萎缩]•ultra-[超过] ▲ultraviolet[紫外线]▲ultrasound[超声]•utero-[子宫] ▲uteroscope[子宫镜]▲uterotonic[宫缩剂]•vaso-[血管] ▲vasomotion[血管舒缩]▲Vasodilator[血管扩张剂]1．人体主要器官前缀名称通用名前（后）缀常用形容词示例心heart cardiao- cardialcardium/carditis/cardiology脑brain encepholo- cerebralcerebrum/encephalitis/encephalology肺lung pulmo- pulmonarypulmontiis/pulmonectomy/pulmonology肝liver hepato- hepatichepatitis/hepatobiliary/hepatology胃stomach gastro- gastricgastritis/gastrointestinal/gastrology胆gallbladder chole- biliaryholecystitis/cholinergic/cholecystectomy肠intestine entero- intestinalenteritis/enterectomy/enterology脾spleen splen- splenicsplenitis/splenectomy/splenology胰 pancreas pancreato- pancreaticpancreatitis/pancreatectomy肾kidney nephro- renal/nephricnephritis/nephropathy/nephrology2．与人体系统、器官有关的前（后）缀名称通用名前（后）缀示例血blood hemo-/hematohematology/hemoglobin/hematoma血管vessel vaso-vasopressor/cardiovasology/verebrovascular静脉vein veno-venography/intravenous/venoconstriction动脉artery arterio-arteriology/arteriole/arteriosclerosis 肌muscle myo-mycology/myositis/myocarditis髓marrow myel-/myelo-myelocyte/myelitis/myeloma神经nerve neur-/neyro-neurology/neuritis/neuron细胞cell cyto-/-cytecytology/cytoma/leukocyte尿urine uro-/ur-urology/urosurgery/urogenital体body somato-/somesomatology/somatopsychic/chromosome3．与数字有关的前缀数字前缀示例一（单）mono-/uni-monomer/monoclone/carbonmonoxide/unidirectional二bi-/di-bilateral/biphasiccarbondioxide/dipeptide三tri-trilateral/triphasic/trigeminalnerve四tetra-tetramer/tetracycline/tetraplegia五penta-pentagon/pentachromic/pentachloride六hexa- hexachromic/benzenehexachloride(666)/hexacycliccompiund七hepta-heptachromic/heptaploid/heptavalent八 octa- octahedral/octal system九 nona- nonapeptide/nonagon十deca-decade/decagram/decaliter注：十位数的表示一般为：个位数前缀+deca，如：hexadecanol（十六烷醇），tetradecapeptide gastrin（十四肽胃泌素），octadecanoic acid（十八烷酸）4．颜色及与颜色有关的前缀颜色通用名前缀示例色color chrom-/chromo-chromosome/chromatin/chromatometer红red erythro-erythrocyte/erythrocyturia/erythrometer白white leuko-leukocyte/leukemia/leukocytuira黑black melano-melena/melanoma/melanoderma黄yellow xantho-xanthopsin/xanthosis/xanthoma蓝blue cyan-/cyanocyanosis/cyanopsia/cyanemia紫 violet/purple绿 green棕 brown brown mixture/brown ring橙orange Victoria orange/ethylorange/orange G粉红 pink oink frothy sputum绯红 crimson青铜 bronzed bronzed diabetes注：有些病名的“蓝”“紫”“青”为同义，其前缀都为“cyano-”.5．与疾病和疾患有关的前（后）缀(1)含义前（后）缀形容词示例病patho-pathogen/pathology/pathogenesis/-pathy -pathicneuropathy/nephropathy/adenopathy病态-osis -oticneurosis/tuberculosis/schistosomiasis增多leukocytosis/erythrocytopenia/granulocytosis减少-penia -penicleukocytopenia/erythrocytopenia/granulocytopenia无a-/an- atypical/anuria/agranulocytopeni a小/微-let droplet/platelet/leafletmicro-microscopy/microorganism/micronu cleus大/巨macro- macroscopic/macronucleus/macroph age-megalysplenomegaly/acromegaly/hepatome galy复合/多poly- polyuria/polymer/polyopia全/泛pan- pancolectomy/panmyelosis/pandemi c6．与疾病和疾患有关的前（后）缀(2)含义前（后）缀示例相反 dis- disease/disorder/disability 困难/障碍dys- dysfunction/dyspepsia/dyspnea不良mal- malfunction/malnutrition/malpractice炎症-it is appendicitis/bronchitis/arthritis瘤/块 -oma lymphoma/adenoma/hematoma血症-emia leukemia/septisemia/bacteremia痛-algia/-algesia/alge-/algo- analgesia/hypoalgesia/algometer麻痹-plegia hemipleia/pamplegia/myoplegia流出-rrhea diarrhea/hypermenorrhea/rhinorrhea坏死-necrosis necro-/necr- hepatonecrosis/myonecrosis/necrospermi a结石litho-/-lith lithiasis/lithogenesis/cholelithes 7．与方位有关的前缀含义通用词前缀示例上upper/superior pi-/supra- epidemic/epithelium/supracostal下lower/inferior nfra-/sub- infracostal/subclavicular/subcutaneous 前front/anterior/prior fore-/ante- forehead/anteroposterior/precirrhosis /pre-后back/posterior post-/retro- posthepatic/postprandial/retrocardiac 内inner/internal in-/endo-/ento- inhalation/endoscopy/entocranial外outer/external ex-/exo- extract/excretion/exocardial间between inter- intermuscular/intercostal/intercourse 旁/副on the side of para- parathyroid/paraprotein/pararenal周around peri- perioperative/pericarditis/peritoneum 中心central centri-/centra-centrifugation/centralize/centronucleus/centro-反/对opposite counter-/contra-counterpart/countershock/contraindication注：in vivo/in’vaivou/活体内;invitro/in vaitrou/活体外或试管内；insitu/in’saitju:/原位8．与外科手术有关的前（后）缀含义前（后）缀示例切除-ectomyappendectomy/gastrectomy/splenectomy切开-tomytracheotomy/hysterotomy/craniotomy切（割） -tome tracheotome/thoracotome吻合-stomyduodenoenterostomy/gastroesophagostomy成形术-plastytracheoplasty/osteoplasty/myoplasty整（矫）形ortho-orthopedics/orthopod/orthotherapy造影-graphyangiography/nephrography/phlebography经… trans-transdominal/translateral/transurethral注：ortho-也是“正”“原”的前缀，如：ortho-acid（正酸）-graphy为方法，如：electrocardigraphy心电图检查术；graph为仪器，如：electrocardigraph心电图机；gram为图象，文字，如：electrocardiogram心电图记录。
医学英语前后缀总结
医学英语前后缀总结前缀：1. A-: 表示"没有"、"没有"的意思，如ahem（咳嗽声）2. Anti-: 表示"反对"、"抗"的意思，如antibiotic（抗生素）3. Bi-: 表示"两个"、"双"的意思，如bilateral（双侧的）4. Dis-: 表示"不、非"的意思，如disinfect（消毒）5. Hyper-: 表示"过度"、"异常"的意思，如hyperactivity（过度活跃）6. Hypo-: 表示"不足"、"低"的意思，如hypotension（低血压）7. Intra-: 表示"内部"、"内部"的意思，如intravenous（静脉内的）8. Sub-/Under-: 表示"下面"、"不足"的意思，如subcutaneous（皮下的）、underdeveloped（发育不全的）9. Trans-: 表示"横跨"、"转移到"的意思，如transplant（移植）、transdermal（经皮的）10. Uni-: 表示"单一"、"一致"的意思，如unilateral（单侧的）后缀：1. -ectomy: 表示"切除"的意思，如appendectomy（阑尾切除术）2. -itis: 表示"炎症"的意思，如tonsillitis（扁桃体炎）3. -oma: 表示"肿瘤"的意思，如carcinoma（癌）4. -ology: 表示"学科"或"学习"的意思，如cardiology（心脏病学）5. -osis: 表示"疾病"或"异常状态"的意思，如hypertension（高血压）6. -pathy: 表示"疾病"或"病理状态"的意思，如neuropathy（神经病）7. -scopy: 表示"内窥镜检查"的意思，如endoscopy（内窥镜检查）8. -oma: 表示"瘤"的意思，如fibroma（纤维瘤）9. -gram: 表示"图像"或"记录"的意思，如electrocardiogram（心电图）10. -ectomy: 表示"切除"的意思，如appendectomy（阑尾切除术）。
专业医学英语词根及前缀后缀大全-按系统分类整理
基础词根（20个）汉义英词希腊源拉丁源例词前before pro- pre- prognosis (预后) / precardiac (心前的)上above hyper-, epi- super- epigastrium(上腹部) /superofrontal (额上的)下below hypo- sub- hypotension（低血压）/ subneural(神经下的) 内inside endo- intra- endocrine(内分泌的)/ intervenous(静脉内的)多many, much poly- multi- polyuria(多尿症)/ multipara (经产妇)同sameness homo- iso- homobody(同体)/ isotope (同位素)异difference allo- hetero- allosome(异染色体)/ heterotopia(异位)半half hemi- semi- hemisection(半切除)/ semicanal (半管)一one mono- uni- monoclonal(单克隆的)/ unicellular (单细胞的)二two di- bi- diarthric(两关节的)/ bidental(双牙的)运动系统（10个）汉义英词希腊源拉丁源例词肌肉flesh myo- musculo- myofiber(肌纤维)/ musculotendinous(肌腱的)骨bone osteo- os- osteoporosis(骨质疏松)/ ossa pedis (足骨)关节joint arthro- articulo- a rthritis(关节炎)/ articulation (关节)椎骨vertebra spondylo- vertebro- spondylodynia脊椎痛/ vertebrocostal(椎肋的)脊柱backbone rachio- spino- rachiomyelitis(脊髓炎)/ spinocortical(脊髓皮质的)心血管系统（10个+备用8个）汉义英词希腊源拉丁源例词心heart cardio- cor- cardiology(心脏病学)/ cor bovinum (牛心症)心房atrium atrio- aurico- atrium(心房)/ auricula (心房)血blood hemo- hemato- hemoglobin(血红蛋白)/ hematology (血液学)血管vessel angio- vaso- angiofibroma(血管纤维瘤)/ vascular (血管的)静脉vein phlebo- veno- phlebology(静脉学)/ venoclysis (静脉输注)快fast tachy- tachycardia (心动过速)慢slow brady bradycardia (心动过缓)主动脉aorto------- main artery毛细血管capillo------slim vessel血栓thrombo--------clot of blood血清sero-------watery part of blood.淋巴lympho-----colorless fluid from the tissues or organs of the body,containing white-cells.胸腺thymo-----a kind of gland in chest.呼吸系统（6个+ 备用5个）汉义英词希腊源拉丁源例词呼吸breath pneumo- spiro- pneumocardiography(呼吸心动描记法)/ spirography(呼吸描记法)鼻nose rhino- naso- rhinoplasty(鼻整形术)/ nasolabial (鼻唇的)肺lung pneumono- pulmo- pneumonia (肺炎)/ pulmonologist (肺脏病学家)咽pharyngo----喉laryngo------the hollow box like part in your throat where you make voice sounds气管tracheo----wind-pipe支气管broncho----slim windpipe胸膜pleuro----delicate membrance of the thorax and the lungs.呼吸-pnea -----breathe消化系统（第一组10个；第二组10个；备用7个）汉义英词希腊源拉丁源例词消化digestion pepso- gesto- pepsin(胃蛋白酶)/口mouth stomato- oro- stomatology(口腔医学)/ oronasal(口鼻的)舌tongue glosso- linguo- glossocele(大舌病)/ lingular (小舌的)牙teeth odonto- dento- odontoma(牙瘤)/ dentist(牙医)肝liver hepato- jeco- hepatization(肝样变)/ jecorize (鱼肝油化)胆gall bladder chole- bili- cholecyst(胆囊)/ biligenensis(胆汁生成)肠gut entero- intestino- enterococcin(肠球菌素)/ intestinotoxin(肠毒素)直肠rectum procto- recto- proctectomy (直肠切除术)/ rectum (直肠)肛门anus procto- ano- proctodynia(肛部痛)/ anus (肛门)糖glucose glyco- saccharo- glycogen(糖原)/ saccharose (蔗糖)食道esophago-胃gastro-幽门pyloro-阑尾appendo-胆囊cholecysto-胰腺pancreato-酶-ase泌尿系统（6个+4个= 10个）汉义英词希腊源拉丁源例词肾kidney nephro- reno- nephrosis(肾变病)/ renocortical (肾皮质的)肾盂renal pelvis pyelo- pelvi- pyelopathy(肾盂病)/ pelviostpmy(肾盂造口术)膀胱bladder cysto- vesico- cystotome(膀胱刀)/ vesicocolic(膀胱结肠的)尿urine uro- urocyst (膀胱)水water hydro- hydromyelia (脊髓积水)球菌coccus cocco- coccobacillus(球杆菌)结石stone litho- litholysis(结石溶解)皮肤、感觉器官（6个）汉义英词希腊源拉丁源例词皮肤skin dermato- cutaneo- dermatitis(皮炎)/ cutaneomucosal(皮粘膜的)眼eye ophthalmo- oculo- ophthalmosurgery(眼外科)/耳ear oto- auri- otology(耳科学)/ auriform(耳状的)药理学（2个）汉义英词希腊源拉丁源例词药drug pharmaco- medicine pharmacogenetics(药物遗传学)疗法treatment -therapy remedy chemotherapy(化疗)诊断（7个）汉义英词希腊源例词表，量器measure -meter thermometer (温度计)度量，测量to measure -metry pelvimetry (骨盆测量法)图，像 a mark -gram electrocardiogram (心电图)图-graph electrocardiograph (心动电流描记器)书写，记录to write -graphy electrocardiography (心动电流描记法)镜to examine -scope endoscope (内镜)检查法to examine -scopy endoscopy (内镜检查术)外科学（6个）汉义英词希腊源例词切开cutting -tomy anatomy (解剖)切除cut away -ectomy appendectomy (阑尾切除术)造口opening -stomy gastrostomy (胃造口术)成形shape -plasty cardioplasty (贲门成形术)缝合sew -rrhaphy herniorraphy (疝缝手术)固定术fixation -pexy hepatopexy (肝固定术)典型词素（第一组10个；第二组9个）情况-ia anoxia (缺氧症)瘤-oma carcinoma (癌)炎症-itis hepatitis (肝炎)痛-algia arthralgia (关节痛)痛-dynia osteodynia (骨痛)血症-emia leukemia (白血病)尿-uria oliguria (少尿症)病态，状态-osis sclerosis (硬化症)贫乏，缺少-penia erythropenia (红细胞减少)患病状态，疾病-pathy myopathy (肌病)细胞cell -cyte monocyte (单核细胞)体-some chromosome（染色体）嗜-phil acidophilia （嗜酸性）杀死-cide g ermicide（杀虫剂）溶解-lysis hemolysis (溶血)溢出-(o)rrhea diarrhea（腹泻）恐惧-phobe hydrophobia(恐水症)…学科-iatry/ -iatrics pediatrics (儿科)..状的-form filiform (线形的)成…细胞-blast osteoblast (成骨细胞)。
医学术语 前缀 后缀 词根
复合名词在英语中的数量量较大大，常作主语，宾语，偶作定语。作定语时不不表示名
词的特点，而而是用用途。
disease-fighting blood-clotting
reading-room
sleeping-pills
%
一一单元
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
二二单元
! 医学术语中，词尾-um、-ium的常⻅见意义：
1、多表示某种化学元素，如：
calcium potassium
sodium
2、表示生生物体的某种结构，如：
atrium myocardiumrectum septum
" 常⻅见以-ior结尾的表示方方位的单词
-ior是拉丁文文中表示比比较的后缀，与to搭配构成比比较级,相当于英语中的…than
-ula:
valvula (valve) vesicula (vescica)
-ule:
nodule (node) globule(globus)
tubule (tube) lobule(lobe)
-ulum: septulum
-ulus: annulus
$ 英语复合词：通常由两个或两个以上的单词合写在一一起构成，可用用或不不用用连字
符。词汇的意义则可从组成部分的词义及其组成关系中推测。常⻅见的英语复合词
有复合名词、复合动词、复合形容词及复合代词。
英语复合词：通常由两个或两个以上的单词合写在一一起构成，可用用或不不用用连字
符。词汇的意义则可从组成部分的词义及其组成关系中推测。常⻅见的英语复合词
有复合名词、复合动词、复合形容词及复合代词。
# 指小小词(Diminutive)是指可使原词所表达的意义缩小小的一一类字⺟母组合。一一般位于
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•a-[无，缺]▲anemia[贫血]▲ atonia[无张力]▲ asymptomatic[无症状的]▲ amenorrhea[闭经]•ab-[分离]▲ abduct [外展]▲ abscision[切除]•acou (acu)-[听觉]▲ acumeter [听力计]▲ acouophone[助听器]•acro-[肢端]▲ acromegaly[肢端肥大症]▲ acromastitis[乳头炎]•ad (af, an)-[邻近，向上]▲ adrenal [肾上腺]▲ adaxial[近轴的]▲ annexa[附件]•-ad[……侧]▲ ventrad[向腹侧]▲ cephalad[向头侧]•adeno-[腺]▲ adenocyte[腺细胞]▲ adenoidism[腺体病]•adipo-[脂肪]▲ adiposis[肥胖症]▲ adiponecrosis[脂肪坏死] •adreno-[肾上腺]▲adrenocorticoid[肾上腺皮质激素]▲ adrenalin[肾上腺素]▲ adrenal[肾上腺]•-aemia(emia)[血症]▲ bacteremia[菌血症]▲ leukemia[白血病]•-albi (albino)-[白色]▲ albumin[白蛋白]▲ albinism[白化病]•-algesia[痛觉]▲hypoalgesia[痛觉减退]•-algia[痛]▲arthralgia[关节痛]▲cephalgia[头痛]▲neuralgia[神经痛] •alkali-[碱]▲alkalosis[碱中毒]•alveo-[牙槽，小沟]▲alveolitis[牙槽炎]▲alveobronchiolitis[支气管肺泡炎]•ambi-[复，双]▲ ambiopia[复视]▲ ambivert[双重性格]•ambly-[弱]▲amblyopia[弱视]▲amblyaphia[触觉迟钝]•amylo-[淀粉]▲amyloidosis[淀粉酶]▲amylase[淀粉酶]•angio-[血管]▲angiography[血管造影术]▲angioedema[血管性水肿]▲angeitis[脉管炎]▲angiofibroma[血管纤维瘤]•ante-[前]▲antenatal[出生前的]▲anteflexion[前屈]•antero-[前]▲anterolateral[前侧壁]▲anteroventral[前腹侧]•anti-[抗，反]▲antibiotics[抗生素]▲antihypertensives[降压药]▲anticoagulant[抗凝剂]•rarchno-[蛛网膜]▲arachnoiditis[蛛网膜炎]•archo-[肛门，直肠]▲archorrhagia[肛门出血]▲archosyrinx[直肠灌注器]•arterio-[动脉]▲arteriospasm[动脉痉挛]▲arteriosclerosis[动脉硬化]•arthro-[关节]▲arthrocentesis[关节穿刺]▲arthrotomy[关节切开术]▲arthritis[关节炎]•-ase[酶]▲oxidase[氧化酶]▲proteinase[蛋白酶]•-asthenia[无力]▲myasthenia[肌无力]▲neurasthenia[神经衰弱]•audio(audito)-[听力]▲audiology[听觉学]▲audiometer[听力计]•auto-[自己]▲autoimmune[自身免疫]▲auto hemotherapy[自体血疗法]•bacilli-[杆菌]▲bacillosis[杆菌病]▲bacilluria[杆菌尿]医学全在.线提供•bacterio-[细菌]▲bacteriology[细菌学]▲bactericide[杀菌剂]•baro-[压力]▲barometer [压力计]▲baroreceptor[压力感受器]•bary-[迟钝]▲barylalia[言语不清]▲baryacusia[听觉迟钝]•bi-[双]▲bicuspid[二尖瓣]]▲bilateral[两侧的]•bili-[胆汁]▲bilirubin[胆红素]•bio-[生命]▲biology[生物学]▲biopsy[活检]•-blast[母细胞]▲spermatoblast[精子细胞]▲melanoblast[成黑色素细胞]▲osteoblast[成骨细胞]•brachy-[短]▲brachypnea[气短]▲brachydactylia[短指畸形]•brady-[迟缓]▲bradycardia[心动过缓]▲bradypsychia[精神不振]•broncho-[支气管]▲bronchoscopy[支气管镜检查]▲bronchiostenosis[支气管痉挛]▲bronchitis[支气管炎] •bronchiolo-[细支气管]▲bronchiolectasis[细支气管扩张] •calci-[钙]▲calcification[钙化]▲calcicosilicosis[钙沉着症] •carbo-[碳]▲carbohydrate[碳水化合物]▲carbohaemia[碳酸血症] •carcino-[癌]▲carcinogen[致癌物]•cardio-[心，贲门]▲cardiotonics[强心剂]▲cardioplasty[贲门成形术]•-cele[疝，肿物]▲omphalocele[脐疝]▲hysterocele[子宫脱垂]▲ophthalmocele[眼球突出] •celio-[腹]▲celialgia[腹痛]▲celioscopy[腹腔镜检查]•-centesis[穿刺]▲arthrocentesis[关节穿刺术] ▲abdominocentesis[腹穿] •cephalo-[头]▲cephaloxia[斜颈]▲cephalopathy[头部疾病]▲cephalotomy[穿颅术] •cerebello-[小脑]▲cerebellitis[小脑炎]▲cerebellum[小脑]•cerebro-[大脑]▲cerebritis[大脑炎]▲cerebrology[脑学]•chemo-[化学]▲chemotherapy[化疗]•chloro-[绿，氯]▲chloroform[氯仿]▲chloromycetin[氯霉素]▲chlorophyll[叶绿素] •cholangio-[胆道]▲cholangitis[胆管炎]▲cholangiectasis[胆管扩张] •cholo-[胆] ▲cholagogue[利胆剂]▲cholelithiasis[胆石症]▲cholecystitis[胆囊炎]▲cholesterol[胆固醇]•chondro-[软骨]▲chondrosarcoma[软骨肉瘤]▲chondrification[骨软化]•chromo-[色素] ▲cytochrome[细胞色素]▲chromosome[染色体]•-cide[杀……剂] ▲germicide[杀菌剂]▲aborticide[堕胎药]•circum-[周围] ▲circumoral[口周的]▲circumcision[包皮环切术]•coagulo-[凝固] ▲coagulant[凝血剂]•colo-[结肠] ▲colotomy[结肠切开术]▲coloptosis[结肠下垂]•colpo (coleo)-[阴道] ▲coleospastia[阴道痉挛]▲colposcope[阴道镜]•con tra-[反，逆] ▲contraindication[禁忌证]▲contraceptive[避孕药]•counter-[反，逆] ▲counteragent[拮抗剂]▲conuterpoison[解毒剂]•cranio-[颅] ▲craniomalacia[颅骨软化]▲cranioclasis[碎颅术]•-cyst-[囊] ▲cystomy[膀胱切开术]▲dacryocyst[泪囊]•-cyte-[细胞] ▲lymphocyte[淋巴细胞]▲cytolysis[细胞溶解]•de-[除去] ▲detoxication[解毒]•dento[牙] ▲dentistry[牙科学]▲dentalgia[牙痛]•-derm-[皮肤] ▲epiderm[表皮]▲dermatology[皮肤病学]▲dermoplasty[皮肤成形术]•dextro-[右] ▲dextrocardia[右位心]▲dexiotropic[右旋的]•di s-[分离] ▲discission[分离术]▲disinfection[消毒法]•duodeno-[十二指肠] ▲duodenitis[十二指肠炎]▲duodenostomy[十二指肠造口术]•-dynia[痛] ▲acrodynia[肢体痛]▲urethrodynia[尿道痛]•dys-[异常] ▲dysfunction[功能不良]▲dyshormonism[内分泌障碍]▲dysuria[排尿困难]医学全在线•-ectasis[扩张] ▲gastroectasis[胃扩张]▲aerenterectasia[肠胀气]▲bronchiectasia[支气管扩张]•-ectomy[切除术] ▲appendectomy[阑尾切除术]▲lipectomy[脂肪切除术]•-edema[水肿] ▲encephaledema[脑水肿]▲myxedema[粘液性水肿]•-emesia[呕] ▲hematemesia[呕血]▲helminthemesia[吐虫]•encephalo-[脑] ▲encephaloma[脑瘤]▲encephaledema[脑水肿]•endo-[内] ▲endocarditis[心内膜炎]▲endoscope[内窥镜]•entero-[肠] ▲enteritis[肠炎]▲enterovirus[肠病毒]•epi-[上，外] ▲epigastrium[上腹部]•erythro-[红] ▲erythromycin[红霉素]▲erythroderma[红皮病] •esophago-[食管] ▲esophagoscope[食管镜]▲esophagitis[食管炎] •extra-[……外] ▲extracellular[细胞外的]▲extrasystole[额外收缩] •facio-[面] ▲facioplegia[面瘫]▲facioplasty[面部成形术] •-fast[耐] ▲acid-fast[抗酸的] ▲uviofast[耐紫外线]•febri-[热] ▲febricula[低热] ▲febrifacient[致热的] •feti-[胎儿] ▲feticulture[妊娠期卫生]▲fetometry[胎儿测量法] •fibro-[纤维] ▲fibroblast[成纤维细胞]▲fibrosis[纤维化]•fore-[前] ▲forebrain[前脑] ▲forehead[前额]•-form[形状] ▲oviform[卵形的] ▲granuliform[颗粒状的] •fungi-[真菌，霉菌] ▲fungicide[杀真菌剂]▲fungistasis[制霉菌作用] •gastro-[胃] ▲gastroptosis[胃下垂]▲gastroenteritis[胃肠炎]▲gastroscopy[胃镜检查]▲gastratrophy[胃萎缩]•-gen [原，剂] ▲glycogen[糖原] ▲pathogen[病原体]▲androgen[雄激素]▲Estrogen[雌激素]•-genic[……性] ▲cardiogenic[心源性的]▲allergenic[变应反应] •giganto-[巨大] ▲gigantocyte[巨红细胞]▲gigantism[巨大症]•gingivo-[牙龈] ▲gingivitis[牙龈炎]▲gingivostomatitis[牙龈口腔炎]•glosso-[舌] ▲glossoplegia[舌瘫痪]•gluco-[糖] ▲glucoprotein[糖蛋白]▲glucocorticoid[糖皮质激素]•glyco-[糖] ▲glycogen[糖原]▲glycouria[糖尿]•-grade[级，度] ▲centigrade[摄氏温度计]▲retrograde[逆行性]•-gram[克，图] ▲microgram[微克]▲electroencephalogram[脑电图]•-graph(y)[……仪（法）] ▲electrocardiogram[心电图]▲bronchography[支气管造影术]•gyneco-[妇女] ▲gynecology[妇科学]▲gynecopathy[妇科病]•hemo(hemato)-[血] ▲hemoglobin[血红蛋白]▲hematoma[血肿]•hemi-[半] ▲hemiplegia[偏瘫]▲hemicrania[偏头病]•hepato-[肝] ▲hepatitis[肝炎]▲hepatocirrhosis[肝硬化]▲hepatosplenomegaly[肝脾肿大]•hidro-[汗] ▲hyperhidrosis[多汗症]▲anhidrosis[无汗症]•histo-[组织] ▲histology[组织学]▲histomorphology[组织形态学]•holo-[全] ▲holonarcosis[全麻]▲holoenzyme[全酶]•homo-[同] ▲homotype[同型]▲homologue[同系物]▲homoplasty[同种移植术]•hydro-[水] ▲hydropericardium[心包积水]▲hydrolysis [水解]•hypr-[高] ▲hypercalcemia[高钙血症]▲hyperthyroidism[甲亢]•hypno-[睡眼] ▲hypnotics[安眠药]▲hypnotherapy[催眠疗法]•hypo-[低] ▲hypotension[低血压]▲hypoglycemia[低血糖]•hystero-[子宫] ▲hysterospasm[子宫痉挛]▲hysteroptosis[子宫下垂]•-ia[病] ▲melancholia[忧郁症]▲pyrexia[发热]•-iatrics[医学] ▲pediatrics[儿科学]▲geriatrics[老年病学]•-iatry[医学] ▲psychiatry[精神病学]▲pediatry[儿科学]•immuno-[免疫] ▲immunoglobulin[免疫球蛋白]▲immunotherapy[免疫疗法]•infra-[下] ▲infraorbital[眶下的]▲infrared[红外线]•inter-[间] ▲intervertebral[椎间的]▲intercellular[细胞间的]•intra-[内] ▲intravenous[静脉内的]▲intracranial[颅内的]▲intramuscular[肌肉内的]•-ist[家] ▲pathologist[病理学家]▲anatomist[解剖学家]•-itis[炎症] ▲cellulitis[蜂窝织炎]▲myocarditis[心肌炎] •leuco (leuko)-[白] ▲leucorrhea[白带]▲leukocytosis[白细胞增多]▲leukemia[白血病]•lipo-(脂) ▲lipotrophy[脂肪增多]▲lipase[脂酶]•-lith[结石] ▲cholelith[胆结石]▲cholelithiasis[胆石症] •-logy[学] ▲terminology[术语学]▲Cardiology[心脏病学] •lumbo-[腰] ▲lumbosacral[腰骶部的]▲lumbago[腰背痛]▲lumbodynia[腰痛] •lympho-[淋巴] ▲lymphedema[淋巴水肿]▲lymphocytopenia[淋巴细胞减少]•-lysis(lytic)[松解，分解了] ▲aythrolysis[关节松解术]▲spasmolytic[解痉的] •macro-[大] ▲macrophage[巨噬细胞]▲macromolecule[大分子] •mal-[不良] ▲malnutrition[营养不良]▲malfunction[功能不全] •-megaly[巨大] ▲cardiomegaly[心扩大]▲cephalomegaly[巨头畸形] •meningo-[脑膜] ▲meningitis[脑膜炎]▲meningocephalitis[脑膜脑炎]•meno-[月经] ▲dysmenorrhea[痛经]▲menopause[停经]•-meter[表，计] ▲spirometer[肺活量计]▲pyrometer[高温表]•-metry[测量法] ▲iodometry[碘定量法]•micro-[小] ▲micropump[微泵]▲microliter[微升]•mono-[单-] ▲mononucleosis[单核细胞增多]▲monomer[单体]•multi-[多] ▲multinuclear[多核的]▲multipara[经产妇]•myelo-[髓] ▲myelocele[脊髓膨出]▲myelocyte[髓细胞]•myo-[肌] ▲myocarditis[心肌炎]▲myofibroma[肌纤维瘤]•naso-[鼻] ▲nasoscope[鼻镜]▲nasitis[鼻炎]•neo-[新] ▲neoplasm[瘤]▲neomycin[新霉素]•nephro-[肾] ▲nephropathy[肾病]▲nephrosclerosis[肾硬变]•neuro-[神经] ▲neuroma[神经瘤]▲neurodermatitis[神经性皮炎]•non-[非] ▲non-electrolyte[非电解质]▲nonfetal[非致命的]•nulli-[无] ▲nullipara[未产妇]▲nulligravida[未孕妇]•nutri-[营养] ▲nutrition[营养]▲nutrology[营养学]•oculo-[眼] ▲oculist[眼科医生]▲oculus dexter[右眼]▲oculus sinister[左眼]•oligo-[少] ▲oligophrenia[智力发育不全]▲oliguria[少尿]•-oma[肿瘤] ▲adenoma[腺瘤]▲osteoma[骨瘤]•onco-[肿瘤] ▲oncology[肿瘤学]▲oncogene[癌基因]医.学全在.线提供•ophthalmo-[眼] ▲ophthalmocele[眼球突出]▲ophthalmoplegia[眼肌麻痹]•-osis[病] ▲cirrhosis[肝硬化]▲mycosis[霉菌病]•osteo-[骨] ▲osteomalacia[骨软化]▲osteoarthritis[骨关节炎]•oto-[耳] ▲otolith[耳石]▲otoplasty[耳成形术]▲otopyosis[耳化脓]•pan-[全] ▲panimmunity[多种免疫]▲pantalgia[全身痛]▲pantatrophia[全身营养不良]•-para[产妇] ▲primipara[初产妇]▲nullipara[未产妇]•-pathy[病] ▲dermatopathy[皮肤病]▲Cardiomyopathy[心肌病]•pedia-[儿童] ▲pediatrician[儿科医师]▲pediatrics[儿科学]•-penia[减少] ▲leucopenia[白细胞减少]▲thrombopenia[血小板减少]•per-[经] ▲percutaneous[经皮肤的]•peri-[周围] ▲pericarditis[心包炎]▲perianal[肛周的]•pharmaco-[药] ▲pharmacokinetics[药代动力学]▲physicochemistry[药典]•physio-[物理▲physiotheraphy[理疗]▲physicochemistry[物理化学]•-plasty[成形术] ▲angioplasty[血管成形术]▲homoplasty[同种移植]▲gastroplasty[胃成形术] •-plegia[瘫] ▲paraplegia[截瘫] ▲hemiplegia[偏瘫]•pleuro-[胸膜] ▲pleuritis[胸膜炎]▲pleurocentesis[胸腔穿刺术]•-pnea[呼吸] ▲orthopnea[端坐呼吸]▲tachypnea[呼吸急促] •pneumo-[气，肺] ▲pneumothorax[气胸]▲pneumococcus[肺炎球菌] •poly-[多] ▲polyuria[多尿]▲polycholia[胆汗过多] •post-[后] ▲postpartum[产后] ▲postoperation[术后]•pre-[前] ▲premenopause[绝经前期]▲premature[早搏]▲preload[前负荷]•pseudo-[假] ▲psudohypertrophy[假性肥大]▲psudomembranous[假膜的] •psycho-[精神，心理] ▲psychology[心理学]▲psychiatry[精神病学]•-ptosis[下垂] ▲nephroptosis[肾下垂]▲hysteroptosis[子宫下垂] •-ptysis[咯] ▲pyoptysis[咯脓] ▲hemoptysis[咯血]•pyo-[脓] ▲pyorrhea[溢脓]▲pyosis[化脓]•radio-[放射] ▲radiotherapy[放疗]▲radiology[放射学]•recto-[直肠] ▲rectitis[直肠炎]▲rectectomy[直肠切除术] •retino-[视网膜] ▲retinitis[视网膜炎]▲retinodialysis[视网膜分离]•rhino-[鼻] ▲rhinitis[鼻炎]▲rhinorrhea[鼻漏]•-rrhagia[出血] ▲gastorrhagia[胃出血]▲hemorrhage[出血]▲pneumorrhagia[肺出血]•-rrhaphy[缝合术] ▲neurorrhaphy[神经缝合术]▲Vasorrhaphy[输卵管缝合术]•-rrhea[流出] ▲diarrhea[腹泻]▲menorrhea[月经]•schisto-[裂] ▲schistosomiasis[血吸虫病]▲schistoglossia[舌裂]•scirrho-[硬] ▲scirrhosarca[硬皮病]▲scirrhoma[硬癌]•sclero-[硬] ▲scleroderma[硬皮病]▲sclerometer[硬度计]•-scope(y)[镜，检查] ▲stethoscope[听诊器]▲otoscope[耳镜]▲proctoscopy[直肠镜检查法]•semi-[半] ▲semicoma[半昏迷]▲semiliquid[半流汁]•spondylo-[脊椎] ▲spondylopathy[脊椎病]▲spondylitis[脊椎炎]医.学全,在.线,提供•-stomy[造口术] ▲colostomy[结肠造口术]▲ilecolostomy[回结肠吻合术]•sub-[下，亚] ▲subacute[亚急性]▲subabdominal[下腹部的]•super-[在…上] ▲superficial[浅的]▲superoxide[超氧化物]•supra-[上] ▲supraventricular[室上性的]▲suprarenalism[肾上腺机能亢进]•tachy-[快] ▲tachycardia[心动过速]▲tachypnea[呼吸急促]•-therapy[治疗] ▲massotherapy[按摩治疗]▲pharmacotherapy[药物治疗]•thermo-[热] ▲thermometer[温度计]▲thermatology[热疗学]•thrombo-[血栓，血小板] ▲thrombolysis[溶栓]▲thrombocytopenia[血小板减少症]▲thrombosis[血]•-tomy[切开术] ▲tracheotomy[气管切开术]▲ovariotomy[卵巢切开术]•tracheo-[气管] ▲tracheoscope[气管镜]▲tracheorrhagia[气管出血]•trans-[经，转移] ▲transurethral[经尿道]▲transfusion[输血]•-trophy[营养] ▲dystrophy[营养不良]▲atrophy[萎缩]•ultra-[超过] ▲ultraviolet[紫外线]▲ultrasound[超声]•utero-[子宫] ▲uteroscope[子宫镜]▲uterotonic[宫缩剂]•vaso-[血管] ▲vasomotion[血管舒缩]▲Vasodilator[血管扩张剂]1．人体主要器官前缀名称通用名前（后）缀常用形容词示例心heart cardiao- cardialcardium/carditis/cardiology脑brain encepholo- cerebralcerebrum/encephalitis/encephalology肺lung pulmo- pulmonarypulmontiis/pulmonectomy/pulmonology肝liver hepato- hepatichepatitis/hepatobiliary/hepatology胃stomach gastro- gastricgastritis/gastrointestinal/gastrology胆gallbladder chole- biliaryholecystitis/cholinergic/cholecystectomy肠intestine entero- intestinalenteritis/enterectomy/enterology脾spleen splen- splenicsplenitis/splenectomy/splenology胰pancreas pancreato- pancreaticpancreatitis/pancreatectomy肾kidney nephro- renal/nephricnephritis/nephropathy/nephrology2．与人体系统、器官有关的前（后）缀名称通用名前（后）缀示例血blood hemo-/hematohematology/hemoglobin/hematoma血管vessel vaso-vasopressor/cardiovasology/verebrovascular静脉vein veno-venography/intravenous/venoconstriction动脉artery arterio-arteriology/arteriole/arteriosclerosis肌muscle myo-mycology/myositis/myocarditis髓marrow myel-/myelo-myelocyte/myelitis/myeloma神经nerve neur-/neyro- neurology/neuritis/neuron细胞cell cyto-/-cytecytology/cytoma/leukocyte尿urine uro-/ur-urology/urosurgery/urogenital体body somato-/somesomatology/somatopsychic/chromosome3．与数字有关的前缀数字前缀示例一（单）mono-/uni-monomer/monoclone/carbonmonoxide/unidirectional二bi-/di- bilateral/biphasiccarbondioxide/dipeptide三tri- trilateral/triphasic/trigeminalnerve四tetra-tetramer/tetracycline/tetraplegia五penta-pentagon/pentachromic/pentachloride六hexa- hexachromic/benzenehexachloride(666)/hexacycliccompiund七hepta-heptachromic/heptaploid/heptavalent八octa- octahedral/octal system九nona- nonapeptide/nonagon十deca- decade/decagram/decaliter注：十位数的表示一般为：个位数前缀+deca，如：hexadecanol（十六烷醇），tetradecapeptide gastrin（十四肽胃泌素），octadecanoic acid（十八烷酸）4．颜色及与颜色有关的前缀颜色通用名前缀示例色color chrom-/chromo-chromosome/chromatin/chromatometer红red erythro-erythrocyte/erythrocyturia/erythrometer白white leuko-leukocyte/leukemia/leukocytuira黑black melano-melena/melanoma/melanoderma黄yellow xantho-xanthopsin/xanthosis/xanthoma蓝blue cyan-/cyanocyanosis/cyanopsia/cyanemia紫violet/purple绿green棕brown brown mixture/brown ring橙orange Victoria orange/ethylorange/orange G粉红pink oink frothy sputum绯红crimson青铜bronzed bronzed diabetes注：有些病名的“蓝”“紫”“青”为同义，其前缀都为“cyano-”.5．与疾病和疾患有关的前（后）缀(1)含义前（后）缀形容词示例病patho-pathogen/pathology/pathogenesis/-pathy -pathicneuropathy/nephropathy/adenopathy病态-osis -oticneurosis/tuberculosis/schistosomiasis增多leukocytosis/erythrocytopenia/granulocytosis减少-penia -penicleukocytopenia/erythrocytopenia/granulocytopenia无a-/an-atypical/anuria/agranulocytopenia小/微-let droplet/platelet/leafletmicro-microscopy/microorganism/micronucleus大/巨macro-macroscopic/macronucleus/macrophage-megalysplenomegaly/acromegaly/hepatomegaly复合/多poly-polyuria/polymer/polyopia全/泛pan-pancolectomy/panmyelosis/pandemic6．与疾病和疾患有关的前（后）缀(2)含义前（后）缀示例相反dis- disease/disorder/disability困难/障碍dys- dysfunction/dyspepsia/dyspnea不良mal- malfunction/malnutrition/malpractice炎症-it is appendicitis/bronchitis/arthritis 瘤/块-oma lymphoma/adenoma/hematoma血症-emia leukemia/septisemia/bacteremia痛-algia/-algesia/alge-/algo- analgesia/hypoalgesia/algometer麻痹-plegia hemipleia/pamplegia/myoplegia流出-rrhea diarrhea/hypermenorrhea/rhinorrhea坏死-necrosis necro-/necr- hepatonecrosis/myonecrosis/necrospermia 结石litho-/-lith lithiasis/lithogenesis/cholelithes7．与方位有关的前缀含义通用词前缀示例上upper/superior pi-/supra- epidemic/epithelium/supracostal下lower/inferior nfra-/sub- infracostal/subclavicular/subcutaneous前front/anterior/prior fore-/ante- forehead/anteroposterior/precirrhosis/pre-后back/posterior post-/retro- posthepatic/postprandial/retrocardiac内inner/internal in-/endo-/ento- inhalation/endoscopy/entocranial外outer/external ex-/exo- extract/excretion/exocardial间between inter-intermuscular/intercostal/intercourse旁/副on the side of para-parathyroid/paraprotein/pararenal周around peri-perioperative/pericarditis/peritoneum中心central centri-/centra-centrifugation/centralize/centronucleus/centro-反/对opposite counter-/contra-counterpart/countershock/contraindication注：in vivo/in’vaivou/活体内;in vitro/invaitrou/活体外或试管内；in situ/in’saitju:/原位8．与外科手术有关的前（后）缀含义前（后）缀示例切除-ectomyappendectomy/gastrectomy/splenectomy切开-tomytracheotomy/hysterotomy/craniotomy切（割）-tome tracheotome/thoracotome吻合-stomyduodenoenterostomy/gastroesophagostomy成形术-plastytracheoplasty/osteoplasty/myoplasty整（矫）形ortho-orthopedics/orthopod/orthotherapy造影-graphyangiography/nephrography/phlebography经… trans-transdominal/translateral/transurethral注：ortho-也是“正”“原”的前缀，如：ortho-acid（正酸）-graphy为方法，如：electrocardigraphy 心电图检查术；graph为仪器，如：electrocardigraph心电图机；gram为图象，文字，如：electrocardiogram心电图记录。