专四语法专项训练 非谓语动词
专四练习之语法2(非谓语动词,独立结构、悬垂结构)解读
2. 非谓语动词作宾语
1.to do 和doing可作宾语，done不行 To do 表未完成或未发生，doing表已完成或已 发生。 1）接to do的动词：afford/agree/aim/apply arrange/ ask/ beg/ choose/ claim/ dare/ decide/ decline/ demand/ desire/ determine/ expect/ fail/ guarantee/ hope/ manage/ offer/ ought / plan/ prepare/ presume/ pretend/ proceed/ promise/ refuse/ request/ resolve/ seek/ strive/ swear/ threaten/ undertake/ volunteer/ wish 等
3.非谓语动词作补语的要点提示
1. 现在分词表动作正在进行， 过去分词表被动， 不定式表动作已完成或结束 2.补语如果是非持续性动词，不定式表 一次性的动作，现在分词则表示反复发 生的动作。
I. 非谓语动词
专四语法2：非谓语动词
I intended to have come to see you. (我本打 算来看你的) He was to have fetched you here．他本该去 把你带来的。 She has to have passed Advanced Level in two subjects before she goes to university. (必先通过……，才能) You are lucky to have won the girl’s heart．(You have won．．．)
The Clarks haven't decided yet which hotel____. (1998--49) A. to stay B. is to stay C. to stay at D. is for staying
答案：C
不定式的特殊句型
1. such as to, such…as to, so…as to表程度 His story was such as to deceive everyone. It was such an accident as to claim 20 lives. Who could be so mean as to do a thing like that?
I _____ writing the paper as scheduled, but my mother's illness interfered. I hope you will excuse me. (1993--54) A. am to have finished B. was to have finished C. was to finish D. ought to finish 答案：B
专四非谓语真题及答案解析
专四非谓语真题及答案解析非谓语动词作为英语语法中的重要部分，对于英语学习者来说是一项重要的考点。
在专业四级考试中，非谓语动词常常是一道不可忽视的考察内容。
在此，本文将对专四非谓语动词的真题及答案进行分析解析，以帮助考生更好地应对这一考点。
一、选择题部分1. I saw a small boy _____ on the pavement, with tears streaming down his face.A. to sitB. sitC. sittingD. sat解析：本题考查非谓语动词作宾语补足语的使用。
动词see可以接不定式或动词-ing形式作宾语补足语。
根据句意可知，小男孩正在哭泣，所以应使用动词-ing形式。
答案选C。
2. The teacher asked the students _____ on time.A. to comeB. comingC. comeD. came解析：本题考查非谓语动词作宾语补足语的使用。
动词ask可以接不定式或动词-ing形式作宾语补足语。
根据句意可知，老师要求学生按时到来，所以应使用动词不定式。
答案选A。
3. _____ the truth, she decided to tell her parents the whole story.A. KnowingB. KnownC. To knowD. Know解析：本题考查非谓语动词作状语的使用。
动词know可以接不定式、动词-ing形式或宾语从句作状语。
根据句意可知，她决定告诉父母整个故事，是因为她知道真相，所以应使用动词-ing形式。
答案选A。
二、改错题部分1. They watched the movie, that left them deeply moved.解析：本题考查非谓语动词作定语的使用。
定语从句中的关系代词that在此处不合适，应改为which。
另外，非谓语动词作定语时，应使用现在分词形式。
非谓语动词专四练习
非谓语动词专题Part 1 (专四真题)1. The opening ceremony is a great occasion. It is essential ____ for that. (2003-47)a. for us to be preparedb. that we are preparedc. of us to be preparedd. our being prepared2. It is not uncommon for there ____ problems of communication between the old and the young. a. being b. would be c. be d. to be3. What’s the chance of ____ a general election this year? (2005—61)a. there beingb. there to bec. there bed. there going to be4. The meeting was put off because we ____ a meeting without John. (2005—62)a. objected havingb. were objected to havingc. objected to haved. objected to having5. This may have preserved the elephant from being wiped out as well as other animals _ ___ in $2. (1996-46) a. hunted b. hunting c. that hunted d. are hunted6. AIDS is said ____ the number-one killer of both men and women over the past few years in that region. (2002-46) a. being b. to be c. to have been d. having been7. The Minister of Finance is believed _____ of improving new taxes to raise extra reven ue. (2004-48)a. that he is thinkingb. to be thinkingc. that he is to thinkd. to think8. Professor Johnson is said ____ some significant advance in his research in the past year . (1999-43) a. having made b. making c. to have made d. to make9. There are only ten apples left in the baskets, ____ the spoilt ones. (2006-63) a. not co unting b. not to count c. don’t count d. having not counted10. If not ____ with the respect he feels due to him, Jack gets very ill-tempered and grum bles all the time. (2004—45)a. being treatedb. treatedc. be treatedd. having been treated11. Time ____, the celebration will be held as scheduled. (2003-48)a. permitb. permittingc. permittedd. permits12. Agriculture is the country’s chief source of wealth, wheat ____ by far the biggest cere al crop. (2003-41) a. is b. been c. be d. being13. ____ at in this way, the present economic situation doesn’t seem so gloomy. (2000-51 ) a. Looking b. Looked c. Having looked d. To look14. The three men tried many times to sneak across the border into the neighboring country, ____ by the police each time. (1992-42)a. had been capturedb. being always capturedc. only to be capturedd. unfortunately captured15. ____, he can now only watch it on TV at home. (1998-45)a. Obtaining not a ticket for the matchb. Not obtaining a ticket for the matchc. Not having obtained a ticket for the matchd. Not obtained a ticket for the match16. He wasn’t asked to take on the chairmanship of the society, ____ insufficiently popul ar with all members. (1996-45)a. having consideredb. was consideredc. was being consideredd. being considered17. The compositions contained so few errors that the teacher got the students ____ one a nother’s papers. (1992-58)a. correctb. to correctc. correctingd. to be correcting18. I don’t like ____ bills but when I do get them I like ____ them promptly. (1992-60)a. to get, payingb. getting, to payc. to get, to payd. getting, paying19. I never regretted ____ his offer, for it was not where my interest lay. (1993-53) a. no t to accept b. not having accepted c. having not accepted d. not accepting 20. Arrivi ng at the bus stop, ____ waiting there. (1994-52)a. a lot of people wereb. he found a lot of peoplec. a lot of peopled. people were found21. ____ regular training in nursing, she could hardly cope with the work at first. (1994-5 5) a. Not received b. Since receiving c. Having received d. Not having received 22. The country’s chief exports are coal, cars and cotton goods, cars ____ the most import ant of these. (1994-57) a. have been b. are c. being d. are being23. He noticed the helicopter hovering over the field. Then to his astonishment, he saw a r ope ladder ____ out and three men climbing down it. (1995-52)a. throwingb. being thrownc. having thrownd. having been thrown24. He resented ____ to wait. He expected the minister ____ him at once. (1995-53)a. to be asked, to seeb. being asked, to seec. to be asked, seeingd. being asked, seeing25. This missile is designed so that once ____ nothing can be done to retrieve it. (1995-63 ) a. fired b. being fired c. they fired d. having fired26. ____ time, he’ll make a first-class tennis player. (1996-42)a. Having timeb. Given C. Giving D. had27. In international matches, prestige is so important that the only thing that matters is to avoid ___. (1996-48)a. from being beatenb. being beatenc. beatingd. to be beaten28. ____ no cause for alarm, the old man went back to his room. (1996-51)a. There was B. Since C. Being D. There being29. The $2 haven’t decided yet which hotel ____ . (1998-49)a. to stayb. is to stayc. to stay atd. is for staying30. ____ enough time and money, the researchers would have been able to discover more in this field. (1998-51) a. Giving b. To give C. Given D. Being given31. There ____ nothing more for discussion, the meeting came to an end half an hour earl ier. (200-45) a. to be b. to have been c. being d. be32. Even as a girl, ____ to be her life, and theater audiences were to be her best teachers. (2001-42)a. performing by Melissa wereb. it was known that Melissa’s performances werec. knowing that Melissa’s performances wered. Melissa knew that performing was33. ____ him tomorrow? (2001-43)a. Why not to call onb. Why don’t call onc. Why not to calling ond. Why not call on34. _____ should not become a serious disadvantage in life and work. (2010—65)a. To be not tallb. Not being tallc. Being not talld. Not to be tall35. ____ is not a serious disadvantage in life. (2001-51)a. To be not tallb. Not to be tallc. Being not talld. Not being tallPart 21. The ability _____ an idea is as important as the idea itself.A. expressingB. expressedC. to expressD. to be expressed2. The players ____ from the whole country are expected to bring us honor in thissummer game.A. selectingB. to selectC. selectedD. having selected3. Do you wake up every morning ____ energetic and ready to start a new day?A. feelB. to feelC. feelingD. felt4. The next thing he saw was smoke _____ from behind the house.A. roseB. risingC. to riseD. risen5. The island, ____ to the mainland by a bridge, is easy to go to.A. joiningB. to joinC. joinedD. having joined6. Sarah pretended to be cheerful, ____ noting about the argument.A. saysB. saidC. to sayD. saying7. Sit down, Emma. You will only make yourself more tired, ____ on your feet.A. to keepB. keepingC. having keptD. to have kept8. Passengers are permitted ____ only one piece of hand luggage onto the plane.A. to carryB. carryingC. to be carriedD. being carried9. ____ into English, the sentence was found to have an entirely different word order.A. TranslatingB. TranslatedC. To translateD. Having translated10. More TV programs, according to government officials, will be produced ____ people ’s concern over food safety.A. to raiseB. raisingC. to have raisedD. having raised11. Michael put up a picture of Yao Ming beside the bed to keep himself ____ of his own dreams.A. remindingB. to remindC. remindedD. remind12. Look over there----there’s a very long, winding path ____ up to the house. A. leading B. leads C. led D. to lead13. On receiving a phone call from, his wife ____ she had a fall, Mr. Gordon immediately rushed home from his office.A. saysB. saidC. sayingD. to say14. Claire had her luggage ____ an hour before her plane left.A. checkB. checkingC. to checkD. checked15. More highways have been built in $2, ____ it much easier for people to travel from one place to another.A. makingB. madeC. to makeD. having made16. $2 $2, ____ in 1911, is home to a great number of outstanding figures.A. foundB. foundingC. foundedD. to be founded17. The difference in thickness and weight from the earlier version makes the iPad 2 more comfortable ____.A. heldB. holdingC. to heldD. to hold18. Bats are surprisingly long-lived creatures, some ____ a life span of around 20 years.A. havingB. hadC. haveD. to have19. Even the best writers sometimes find themselves ____ for words.A. loseB. lostC. to loseD. having lost20. If they win the final tonight, the team are going to tour around the city ____ by their enthusiastic supporters.A. being cheeredB. be cheeredC. to be cheeredD. were cheered21. Recently a survey ____ prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets has caused heated debate among citizens.A. comparedB. comparingC. comparesD. being compared22. Tom asked the candy makers if they could make the chocolate easier ____ into small pieces.A. breakB. breakingC. brokenD. to break23. ____ around the fire, the tourists danced with the local people.A. GatherB. To gatherC. GatheringD. To be gathering24. $2 doesn’t feel like ____ abroad. Her parents are old.A. studyB. studyingC. studiedD. to study25. Simon made a big bamboo box _____ the little sick bird till it could fly.A. keepB. keptC. keepingD. to keep26. ____ an important role in a new movie, Andy has got a chance to become famous.A. OfferB. OfferingC. OfferedD. To offerPart 31. Listen! Do you hear someone ____ for help?A. callingB. callC. to callD. called2. Dina, ____ for months to find a job as a waitress, finally took a position at a localadvertising agency.A. strugglingB. struggledC. having struggledD. to struggle3. So far nobody has claimed the money ____ in the library.A. discoveredB. to be discoveredC. discoveringD. having discovered4. It rained heavily in the south, ____ serious flooding in several provinces.A. causedB. having causedC. causingD. to cause5. He had a wonderful childhood, ____ with his mother to all corners of the world.A. travelB. to travelC. traveledD. traveling6. The retired man donated most of his savings to the school damaged by the earthquake in Yushu, _____ the students to return to their classrooms.A. enablingB. having enabledC. to enableD. to have enabled7. The living room is clean and tidy, with a dining table already ____ for a meal to becooked.A. laidB. layingC. to layD. being laid8. In April, thousands of holidaymakers remained ____ abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud.A. stickingB. stuckC. to be stuckD. to have stuck9. I have a lot of readings _____ before the end of this term.A completing B. to complete C. completed D. being completed10. The traffic rule says young children under the age of four and ____ less than 40 pounds must be in a child safety seat.A. being weighedB. to weighC. weighedD. weighing11. We were astonished ____ the temple still in its original condition.A. fining B. to find C. find D. to be found12. Alexander tried to get his work _____ in the medical circles.A. to recognizeB. recognizingC. recognizeD. recognized13. ____ the city centre, we saw a stone statue of about ten meters in height.A. ApproachingB. ApproachedC. To approachD. To be approached14. Lucy has a great sense of humor and always keeps her colleagues ____ with her stories.A. amusedB. amusingC. to amuseD. to be amused15. Mr.s white showed her students some old maps _____ from the library.A. to borrowB. to be borrowedC. borrowedD. borrowing16. With Father’s Day around the corner, I have taken some money out of the bank ____ present for my dad.A. buyB. to buyC. buyingD. to have bought17. _____ at my classmate’s faces, I read the same excitement in their eyes.A. LookingB. LookC. To lookD. Looked18. I’m calling to enquire about the position ____ in yesterday’s China Daily.A. advertisedB. to be advertisedC. advertisingD. having advertised19. That is the only way we can imagine ____ the overuse of water in students’bathrooms.A. reducingB. to reduceC. reducedD. reduce20. At the age of 29, Dave was a worker, ____ in a small apartment near $2 and ____ what to do about his future.A. living; wonderingB. lived; wonderingC. lived; wonderedD. living; wondered21. Nowadays people sometimes separate their waste to make it easier for it ____.A. reusingB. reusedC. reusesD. to be reused22. The children all turned ____ the famous actress as she entered the classroom.A. looked atB. to look atC. to looking atD. look at23. Now that we’ve discussed our problem, are people happy with the decisions ____?A. takingB. takeC. takenD. to take24. ____ the project in time, the staff were working at weekends.A. CompletingB. Having completedC. To have completedD. To complete25. ____ by the advances in technology, many farmers have set up wind farms on their la nd. A. Being encouraged B. Encouraging C. Encouraged D. Have encouraged26. _____ and short of breath, Andy and Ruby were the first to reach the top of mountain . A. To be tired B. Tired C. Tiring D. Being tired27. There is a great deal of evidence ____ that music activities engage different parts of the brain.A. indicateB. indicatingC. to indicateD. to be indicating28. ____ not to miss the flight at 15:20, the manager set out for the airport in a hurry.A. RemindingB. RemindedC. To remindD. Having reminded29. In April, 2009, President Hu inspected the warships in $2, ____ the 60th anniversary of the founding of the PLA Navy.A. markingB. markedC. Having markedD. being marked30. Schools across China are expected to hire 50, 000 college graduates this year as short-term teachers, almost three times the number hired last year, ____ reduce unemployment pressures.A. helpB. to have helpedC. to helpD. having helped31. Distinguished guests and friends, welcome to our school. ____ the ceremony of the 50th Anniversary this morning are our alumni form home and abroad.A. AttendB. To attendC. AttendingD. Having attended32. We are invited to a party ____ in our club next Friday.A. to be heldB. heldC. being heldD. holding33. The play _____ next month aims mainly to reflect the local culture.A. producedB. being producedC. to be producedD. having been produced34. When we visited our old family home, memory came ____ back.A. floodingB. to floodC. floodD. flooded35. ____, you need to give all you have and try your best.A. Being a winnerB. To be a winnerC. Be a winnerD. Having been a winner36. The trees _____ in the storm have been moved off the road.A. being blown downB. blown downC. blowing downD. to blow down37. ____ the project as planned, we’ll have to work two more hours a day.A. CompletingB. CompleteC. CompletedD. To complete38. Susan wanted to be independent of her parents. She tried _____ alone, but she didn’t like it and moved back home.A. livingB. to liveC. to be livingD. having lived39. I like getting up very early in summer. The morning air is so good ____.A. to be breathedB. to breatheC. breathingD. being breathed40. _____ their hats into the air, the fans of the wining team let out loud shouts of victory.A. To throwB. ThrownC. ThrowingD. Being thrown41. ______ in the queue for half an hour, the old man suddenly realized he had left the cheque in the car.A. WaitingB. To waitC. Having waitedD. To have waited42. –Can those ____ at the back of the classroom hear me? --No problem.A. seatB. sitC. seatedD. sat43. ____ in the fields on a March afternoon, he could feel the warmth of spring.A. To walkB. WalkingC. WalkedD. Having walked44. ____ that he was in great danger, Eric walked deeper into the forest.A. Not realizedB. Not to realizeC. Not realizingD. Not to have realized45. It is one of the funniest things ____ on the Internet so far this year.A. findingB. being foundC. to findD. found46. ----They are quiet, aren’t they?---- Y es. They are accustomed ____ at meals.A. to talkB. to not talkC. to talkingD. to not talking47. To learn English well, we could find opportunities to hear English ____ as much as we can.A. speakB. speakingC. spokenD. to speak48.L ucy’s new job paid twice as much as she had made ____ in the restaurant.A. workingB. workC. to workD. worked49. He was busy writing a story, only ____ once in a while to smoke a cigarette.A. to stopB. stoppingC. to have stoppedD. having stopped50. Please remain ____; the winner of the prize will be announced soon.A. seatingB. seatedC. to seatD. to be seated51. As the light turned green, I stood for a moment, not ____, and asked myself what I was going to do.A. movedB. movingC. to moveD. being moved52. ―Thin gs ____ never come again!‖ I couldn’t help talking to myself.A. lostB. losingC. to loseD. have lost53. Jenny hopes that Mr. Smith will suggest a good way to have her written English ____ in a short period. A. improved B. improving C. to improve D. improve。
专四历年非谓语动词汇总
英语专业四级历年语法试题一、非谓语动词部分1.The compositions contained so few errors that the teacher got thestudents _____ one another’s papers. (TEM4-1992-58) BA. correctB. to c orrectC. correctingD. to becorrecting2. I don’t like _____ bills but when I do get them I like _____ thempromptly. (TEM4-1992-60) BA. to get, payingB. getting, to payC. to get, to payD. getting, paying○3.I never regretted _____ his offer, for it was not where my interest lay. (TEM4-1993-53) DA. not to acceptB. not having acceptedC. having not acceptedD. not acceptingRegret to do sth.表示遗憾要做某事；Regret doing sth. 表示遗憾做过某事。
4. Arriving at the bus stop, _____ waiting there. (TEM4-1994-52)BA. a lot of people wereB. he found a lot of peopleC. a lot of peopleD. people were found5. _____ regular training in nursing, she could hardly cope withthe work at first. (TEM4-1994-55) DA. Not receivedB. Since receivingC. Having receivedD. Not having received6. The country’s chief exports are coal, cars and cotton goods, cars_____ the most important of these. (TEM4-1994-57) CA. have beenB. areC. beingD. are being7. He noticed the helicopter hovering over the field. Then to hisastonishment, he saw a rope ladder _____ out and three men climbing down it. (TEM4-1995-52) BA. throwingB. being thrownC. having thrownD.having been thrown8. He resented _____ to wait. He expected the minister _____ himat once. (TEM4-1995-53) BA. to be asked, to seeB. being asked, to seeC. to be asked, seeingD. being asked, seeing Resent doing sth. 怨恨讨厌做某事。
专四复习：非谓语动词练习
非谓语动词练习
10. ______ with the size of the whole earth, the highest mountain does not seem high at all. A. When compared B. Compare C. While comparing D. comparing
非谓语动词练习
20. John as ever so happy ______ to the university this year. A. To admit B. To have been admitted C. Admitting D. Having admitting
非谓语动词练习
21. Walter offered us a lift when he was leaving the office, but our work ______, we declined the offer. A. Not being finished B. Had not been finished C. Not having finished D. Was not finished
非谓语动词练习
11. The children went there to watch the iron tower ______. A. To erect B. Be erected C. Erecting D. Being erected
非谓语动词练习
12. ______ several times, they need encouragement. A. Being failed B. Having failed C. To fail D. To be failed
非谓语动词练习
（完整版）英语专四试题非谓语动词专题
（完整版）英语专四试题⾮谓语动词专题⾮谓语动词专题Part A1. The ability _____ an idea is as important as the idea itself.A. expressingB. expressedC. to expressD. to be expressed2. The players ____ from the whole country are expected to bring us honor in this summer game.A. selectingB. to selectC. selectedD. having selected3. Do you wake up every morning ____ energetic and ready to start a new day?A. feelB. to feelC. feelingD. felt4. The next thing he saw was smoke _____ from behind the house.A. roseB. risingC. to riseD. risen5. The island, ____ to the mainland by a bridge, is easy to go to.A. joiningB. to joinC. joinedD. having joined6. Sarah pretended to be cheerful, ____ noting about the argument.A. saysB. saidC. to sayD. sayingC. having keptD. to have kept8. Passengers are permitted ____ only one piece of hand luggage onto the plane.A. to carryB. carryingC. to be carriedD. being carried9. ____ into English, the sentence was found to have an entirely different word order.A. TranslatingB. TranslatedC. To translateD. Having translated10. More TV programs, a ccording to government officials, will be produced ____ people’s concern over food safety.A. to raiseB. raisingC. to have raisedD. having raised11. Michael put up a picture of Yao Ming beside the bed to keep himself ____ of his own dreams.A. remindingB. to remindC. remindedD. remind12. Look over there----there’s a very long, winding path ____ up to the house.A. leadingB. leadsC. ledD. to lead13. On receiving a phone call from, his wife ____ she had a fall, Mr. Gordon immediately rushed home from his office.A. saysB. saidC. sayingD. to sayD. checked15. More highways have been built in $2, ____ it much easier for people to travel from one place to another.A. makingB. madeC. to makeD. having made16. $2 $2, ____ in 1911, is home to a great number of outstanding figures.A. foundB. foundingC. foundedD. to be founded17. The difference in thickness and weight from the earlier version makes the iPad 2 more comfortable ____.A. heldB. holdingC. to heldD. to hold18. Bats are surprisingly long-lived creatures, some ____ a life span of around 20 years.A. havingB. hadC. haveD. to have19. Even the best writers sometimes find themselves ____ for words.A. loseB. lostC. to loseD. having lost20. If they win the final tonight, the team are going to tour around the city ____ by their enthusiastic supporters.A. being cheeredB. be cheeredC. to be cheeredD. were cheeredD. being compared22. Tom asked the candy makers if they could make the chocolate easier ____ into small pieces.A. breakB. breakingC. brokenD. to break23. ____ around the fire, the tourists danced with the local people.A. GatherB. To gatherC. GatheringD. To be gathering24. $2 doesn’t feel like ____ abroad. Her parents are old.A. studyB. studyingC. studiedD. to study25. Simon made a big bamboo box _____ the little sick bird till it could fly.A. keepB. keptC. keepingD. to keep26. ____ an important role in a new movie, Andy has got a chance to become famous.A. OfferB. OfferingC. OfferedD. To offerPart B1. Listen! Do you hear someone ____ for help?A. callingB. callC. to callC. having struggledD. to struggle3. So far nobody has claimed the money ____ in the library.A. discoveredB. to be discoveredC. discoveringD. having discovered4. It rained heavily in the south, ____ serious flooding in several provinces.A. causedB. having causedC. causingD. to cause5. He had a wonderful childhood, ____ with his mother to all corners of the world.A. travelB. to travelC. traveledD. traveling6. The retired man donated most of his savings to the school damaged by the earthquake in Yushu,l _____ the students to return to their classrooms.A. enablingB. having enabledC. to enableD. to have enabled7. The living room is clean and tidy, with a dining table already ____ for a meal to be cooked.A. laidB. layingC. to layD. being laid8. In April, thousands of holidaymakers remained ____ abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud.A. stickingB. stuckC. to be stuckA completing B. to complete C. completed D. being completed10. The traffic rule says young children under the age of four and ____ less than 40 pounds must be in a child safety seat.A. being weighedB. to weighC. weighedD. weighing11. We were astonished ____ the temple still in its original condition.A. finingB. to findC. findD. to be found12. Alexander tried to get his work _____ in the medical circles.A. to recognizeB. recognizingC. recognizeD. recognized13. ____ the city centre, we saw a stone statue of about ten meters in height.A. ApproachingB. ApproachedC. To approachD. To be approached14. Lucy has a great sense of humor and always keeps her colleagues ____ with her stories.A. amusedB. amusingC. to amuseD. to be amused15. Mr.s white showed her students some old maps _____ from the library.A. to borrowB. to be borrowedC. borrowedD. borrowing16. With Father’s Day around the corner, I have taken some money out of the bank ____ present for my dad.A. buyD. to have bought17. _____ at my classmate’s faces, I read the same excitement in their eyes.A. LookingB. LookC. To lookD. Looked18. I’m calling to enquire about the position ____ in yesterday’s China Daily.A. advertisedB. to be advertisedC. advertisingD. having advertised19. That is the only way we can imagine ____ the overuse of water in students’ bathrooms.A. reducingB. to reduceC. reducedD. reduce20. At the age of 29, Dave was a worker, ____ in a small apartment near $2 and ____ what to do about his future.A. living; wonderingB. lived; wonderingC. lived; wonderedD. living; wondered21. Nowadays people sometimes separate their waste to make it easier for it ____.A. reusingB. reusedC. reusesD. to be reused22. The children all turned ____ the famous actress as she entered the classroom.A. looked atB. to look atC. to looking atD. look at23. Now that we’ve discussed our problem, are people happy with the decisions ____?A. taking24. ____ the project in time, the staff were working at weekends.A. CompletingB. Having completedC. To have completedD. To complete25. ____ by the advances in technology, many farmers have set up wind farms on their land.A. Being encouragedB. EncouragingC. EncouragedD. Have encouraged26. _____ and short of breath, Andy and Ruby were the first to reach the top of $2 $2.A. To be tiredB. TiredC. TiringD. Being tired27. There is a great deal of evidence ____ that music activities engage different parts of the brain.A. indicateB. indicatingC. to indicateD. to be indicating28. ____ not to miss the flight at 15:20, the manager set out for the airport in a hurry.A. RemindingB. RemindedC. To remindD. Having reminded29. In April, 2009, President Hu inspected the warships in $2, ____ the 60th anniversary of the founding of the PLA Navy.A. markingB. markedC. Having markedD. being marked30. Schools across China are expected to hire 50, 000 college graduates this year asshort-term teachers, almost three times the number hired last year, ____ reduce unemployment pressures.D. having helped31. Distinguished guests and friends, welcome to our school. ____ the ceremony of the 50th Anniversary this morning are our alumni form home and abroad.A. AttendB. To attendC. AttendingD. Having attended32. We are invited to a party ____ in our club next Friday.A. to be heldB. heldC. being heldD. holding33. The play _____ next month aims mainly to reflect the local culture.A. producedB. being producedC. to be producedD. having been produced34. When we visited our old family home, memory came ____ back.A. floodingB. to floodC. floodD. flooded35. ____, you need to give all you have and try your best.A. Being a winnerB. To be a winnerC. Be a winnerD. Having been a winner36. The trees _____ in the storm have been moved off the road.A. being blown downB. blown downC. blowing downD. to blow down37. ____ the project as planned, we’ll have to work two more hours a day.C. CompletedD. To complete38. Susan wanted to be independent of her parents. She tried _____ alone, but she didn’t like it and moved back home.A. livingB. to liveC. to be livingD. having lived39. I like getting up very early in summer. The morning air is so good ____.A. to be breathedB. to breatheC. breathingD. being breathed40. _____ their hats into the air, the fans of the wining team let out loud shouts of victory.A. To throwB. ThrownC. ThrowingD. Being thrown41. ______ in the queue for half an hour, the old man suddenly realized he had left the cheque in the car.A. WaitingB. To waitC. Having waitedD. To have waited42. –Can those ____ at the back of the classroom hear me?--No problem.A. seatB. sitC. seatedD. sat43. ____ in the fields on a March afternoon, he could feel the warmth of spring.A. To walkB. WalkingC. WalkedD. Having walkedB. Not to realizeC. Not realizingD. Not to have realized45. It is one of the funniest things ____ on the Internet so far this year.A. findingB. being foundC. to findD. found46. ----They are quiet, aren’t they?---- Yes. They are accustomed ____ at meals.A. to talkB. to not talkC. to talkingD. to not talking47. To learn English well, we could find opportunities to hear English ____ as much as we can.A. speakB. speakingC. spokenD. to speak48. Lucy’s new job paid twice as much as she had made ____ in the restaurant.A. workingB. workC. to workD. worked49. He was busy writing a story, only ____ once in a while to smoke a cigarette.A. to stopB. stoppingC. to have stoppedD. having stopped50. Please remain ____; the winner of the prize will be announced soon.A. seatingB. seatedC. to seatD. to be seated51. As the light turned green, I stood for a moment, not ____, and asked myself what I was going to do.A. movedB. movingC. to moveD. being moved52. “Things ____ never come again!” I couldn’t help talking to myself.A. lostB. losingC. to loseD. have lost53. Jenny hopes that Mr. Smith will suggest a good way to have her written English ____ in a short period.A. improvedB. improvingC. to improveD. improvePart 3 (专四真题)1. The opening ceremony is a great occasion. It is essential ____ for that. (2003-47)a. for us to be preparedb. that we are preparedc. of us to be preparedd. our being prepared2. It is not uncommon for there ____ problems of communication between the old and the young.a. beingb. would bec. bed. to be3. What’s the chance of ____ a general election this year? (2005—61)a. there beingb. there to bec. there bed. there going to be4. The meeting was put off because we ____ a meeting without John. (2005—62)a. objected havingb. were objected to havingc. objected to haved. objected to having5. This may have preserved the elephant from being wiped out as well as other animals ____ in $2. (1996-46)a. huntedb. huntingc. that huntedd. are hunted6. AIDS is said ____ the number-one killer of both men and women over the past few years in that region. (2002-46)a. beingb. to bec. to have beend. having been7. The Minister of Finance is believed _____ of improving new taxes to raise extra revenue. (2004-48)a. that he is thinkingb. to be thinkingc. that he is to thinkd. to think8. Professor Johnson is said ____ some significant advance in his research in the past year. (1999-43)a. having madeb. makingc. to have maded. to make9. There are only ten apples left in the baskets, ____ the spoilt ones. (2006-63)a. not countingb. not to countc. don’t countd. having not counted10. If not ____ with the respect he feels due to him, Jack gets very ill-tempered and grumbles all the time. (2004—45)a. being treatedb. treatedc. be treatedd. having been treated11. Time ____, the celebration will be held as scheduled. (2003-48)a. permitb. permittingc. permittedd. permits12. Agriculture is the country’s chief source of wealth, wheat ____ by far the biggest cereal crop. (2003-41)a. isb. beenc. bed. being13. ____ at in this way, the present economic situation doesn’t seem so gloomy. (2000-51)a. Lookingb. Lookedc. Having lookedd. To look14. The three men tried many times to sneak across the border into the neighboring country, ____ by the police each time. (1992-42)a. had been capturedb. being always capturedc. only to be capturedd. unfortunately captured15. ____, he can now only watch it on TV at home. (1998-45)a. Obtaining not a ticket for the matchb. Not obtaining a ticket for the matchc. Not having obtained a ticket for the matchd. Not obtained a ticket for the match16. He wasn’t asked to take on the chairmanship of the society, ____ insufficiently popular with all members. (1996-45)a. having consideredb. was consideredc. was being consideredd. being considered17. The compositions contained so few errors that the teacher got the students ____ one another’s papers. (1992-58)a. correctb. to correctc. correctingd. to be correcting18. I don’t like ____ bills but when I do get them I like ____ them promptly. (1992-60)a. to get, payingb. getting, to payc. to get, to payd. getting, paying19. I never regretted ____ his offer, for it was not where my interest lay. (1993-53)a. not to acceptb. not having acceptedc. having not acceptedd. not accepting20. Arriving at the bus stop, ____ waiting there. (1994-52)a. a lot of people wereb. he found a lot of peoplec. a lot of peopled. people were found21. ____ regular training in nursing, she could hardly cope with the work at first. (1994-55)a. Not receivedb. Since receivingc. Having receivedd. Not having received22. The country’s chief exports are coal, cars and cotton goods, cars ____ the most important of these. (1994-57)a. have beenb. arec. beingd. are being23. He noticed the helicopter hovering over the field. Then to his astonishment, he saw a rope ladder ____ out and three men climbing down it. (1995-52)a. throwingb. being thrownc. having thrownd. having been thrown24. He resented ____ to wait. He expected the minister ____ him at once. (1995-53)a. to be asked, to seeb. being asked, to seec. to be asked, seeingd. being asked, seeing25. This missile is designed so that once ____ nothing can be done to retrieve it. (1995-63)a. firedb. being firedc. they firedd. having fired26. ____ time, he’ll make a first-class tennis player. (1996-42)a. Having timeb. Given C. Giving D. had27. In international matches, prestige is so important that the only thing that matters is to avoid ___. (1996-48)a. from being beatenb. being beatenc. beatingd. to be beaten28. ____ no cause for alarm, the old man went back to his room. (1996-51)a. There was B. Since C. Being D. There being29. The $2 haven’t decided yet which hotel ____ . (1998-49)a. to stayb. is to stayc. to stay atd. is for staying30. ____ enough time and money, the researchers would have been able to discover more in this field. (1998-51)a. Givingb. To give C. Given D. Being given31. There ____ nothing more for discussion, the meeting came to an end half an hour earlier. (200-45)a. to beb. to have beenc. beingd. be32. Even as a girl, ____ to be her life, and theater audiences were to be her best teachers. (2001-42)a. performing by Melissa wereb. it was known that Melissa’s performances werec. knowing that Melissa’s performances wered. Melissa knew that performing was33. ____ him tomorrow? (2001-43)a. Why not to call onb. Why don’t call onc. Why not to calling ond. Why not call on34. _____ should not become a serious disadvantage in life and work. (2010—65)a. To be not tallb. Not being tallc. Being not talld. Not to be tall35. ____ is not a serious disadvantage in life. (2001-51)a. To be not tallb. Not to be tallc. Being not talld. Not being tallKeys to Part A:1-5 c c c b c 6-10 d b a b a11-15 c a c d a 16-20 c d a b c21-26 b d c b d cKeys to Part B:1- 5 a c a c d 6-10 a a b b d11-15 b d a a c 16-20 b a a b a21-25 d b c d c 26-30 b b b a c31-35 c a c a b 36-40 b d a b c41-45 c c b c d 46-50 d c a b b51-53 b a aKeys to Part 3:1- 5 a d a d a 6-10 c b c a b11-15 b d b c c 16-20 d b b d b21-25 d c b b a 26-30 b b d c c31-35 c d d b d。
专四语法及练习非谓语动词
(2)so…as to, such…as to, enough…to, too…to结构做程度状语。如： The solution works only for couples who are self-employed, don’t have small children and get along well enough to spend most of their time together. The vocabulary and grammatical differences between British and American English are so trivial and few as hardly to be noticed.
(4)表示方式、原因、时间、机会、权利等名词 用不定式做定语，这些名词包括： way, method, reason, time, place, chance, occasion, opportunity, evidence, power, right, movement, drive (运动)，effort等。 如：I worked so late in the office last night that I hardly had time to catch the last bus. We appreciate your efforts to bring about a comprehensive solution to the existing problem.
(3)不定式做结果状语只能出现在句子的末尾，表示不
愉快的结果，有时用only加强语气。 常见的不定式动词有find, hear, see, be told, form, give, make, produce等。如： Greatly agitated, I rushed to the apartment and tried the door, only to find it locked. The three men tried many times to sneak across the border into the neighbouring country, only to be captured by the police each time.(99年) (4)not/never too… to, too… not to, but/only too…to, too ready/eager/apt/inclined to 表示肯定意义。如： I am only too pleased to hear from you further. 能 再听到你的消息，我太高兴了。
专项训练 非谓语动词技巧全解及练习题(含答案)
专项训练必备英语非谓语动词技巧全解及练习题(含答案)一、非谓语动词1．People are supposed____________ hands when they meet for the first time in America.A. shakingB. to shakeC. shake【答案】 B【解析】【分析】句意：在美国，人们第一次相见的时候应握手。
A. shaking现在分词形式；B. to shake动词不定式； C. shake动词原形。
Be supposed to do sth应该做某事，为固定用法，故答案选B。
【点评】考查动词不定式，牢记固定搭配。
2．Most people enjoy other people games.A. watching; playsB. to watch; to playC. watching; playingD. watching; to play【答案】 C【解析】【分析】句意:许多人喜欢看别人做游戏。
喜欢做某事:enjoy doing sth后跟动名词作宾语;看某人做某事:watch sb do sth（用省to的不定式表示看到了整个过程）;watch sb doing sth（用动名词表示看到了动作在发生）。
人们喜欢看别人在做游戏而不一定是整个过程，故选C。
3．—In my opinion, animals shouldn't be kept for fun.— I think so. Forests are the best places for animals ______________.A. liveB. livingC. to liveD. to live in【答案】 D【解析】【分析】句意：——在我看来，动物不应该被用来取乐。
——我想是的。
森林是动物生存的最佳场所。
places，地方，可数名词复数，与live之间是动宾关系，要用不定式作定语。
专四系列非谓语动词
既能用不定式，又能用动名词的单词： begin, start, continue, afford, propose, cease等 ⊙不定式表示具体一次动作；动名词表示一贯爱 好：hate, love, like, prefer ⊙ 用动名词以主动表示被动： want, need, require The bike needs repairing. = The bike needs to be repaired. The dininghall wants cleaning. = The dininghall wants to be cleaned.
amused encouraged disappointed excited puzzled satisfied tired pleased astonished
区别非谓语动词作表语： Their job is building houses. (动名 词） Their work is to build another bridge across the river. （不定式） The novel is very interesting （现在 分词） and we are all interested(过 去分词） in it.Biblioteka 作主语1.句型上的不同
1）不定式适用的句型： A. It is+ adj. for sb. to do sth. easy, difficult, important, necessary B. It is+ adj. of sb. to do sth. kind, nice, clever, foolish, right, wrong,careless, considerate, rude, impolite C. It is +n. to do
2023年专四非谓语动词题
非谓语动词(不定式)讲解及练习The Minister of Finance is believed ____ of imposing new taxes to raise extra revenue.A.that he is thinkingB.to be thinkingC.that he is to thinkD.to think英语非谓语动词有三类：1.不定式：具有n. adj. adv. 特性，在句中担任除谓语外任何成分；2.动名词：具有n. 特性，在句中可作主语、宾语、定语、表语；3.分词：具有adj. adv. 特性,在句中可作主语、表语、宾补、状语；｛现在分词：present participle，过去分词：past participle ｝不定式非谓语动词的用法及区别：to do(not to do)一般式（否认）to be doing 进行式积极to have done 完毕式to have been doing 完毕进行式to be done 一般式被动to have been done 完毕式*一般式：不定式表达的动作与谓语动词表达的动作同时发生，或者在谓语动词表达的动作之后发生。
1.I’m glad to see you. (同时发生)2.They invited us to come to a party.（不定式动作后发生）3.The computer to be produced is of a new type. (被动)4.You must promise never to do that again.*进行式：谓语动词表达的动作发生时，不定式表达的动作正在进行。
1.They are said to be building another bridge over the river.据说他们正在这条河上修另一座大桥。
2.I'd rather read than watch television; the program seem to be getting worse all the time.(1997.1)我宁愿看书也不乐意看电视，电视节目仿佛越来越差了。
专四练习之语法(非谓语动词,独立结构)
1.名词（或代词）＋现在分词（或过去分词）。如： 1）The moon appearing, they decided to go on with their journey. 2）Good-bye said,he went home.
With +n./pron.+ doing/done/prep.
With book in hand
主格名词/代词 + 分词/形容词/副词/不定式/介词
短语
(作逻辑主语)
(作逻辑谓语)
（二） 独立主格结构的特点： 1）独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同，它独 立存在。 2）名词或代词与后面的分词，形容词，副词，不定 式，介词 等是主谓关系。 3）独立主格结构一般有逗号与主句分开。 4）用分词时表示主动关系用现在分词，被动关系用过 去分词；
3.非谓语动词作补语的要点提示
1. 现在分词表动作正在进行， 过去分词表被动， 不定式表动作已完成或结束 2.补语如果是非持续性动词，不定式表
一次性的动作，现在分词则表示反复发 生的动作。
真题演练（2004）
The Minister of Finance is believed____ of imposing new taxes to raise extra revenue.
Consider/ decide/ know/ explain /forget/ learn/ remember/ tell/ wonder
真题演练（1993）
I never regretted_______ the offer, for it was not where my interest lay.
英语专业四级非谓语动词(打印)
专四语法专题（非谓语动词）⏹非谓语动词也称动词的非限定形式，它们不可以在句中单独作谓语，也不受主语的人称和数的限制。
非谓语动词具有双重性质，既有动词的特点：有时态，语态的变化，能被状语修饰，也有自己的宾语；又有非动词的特点：可以代替名词或形容词。
非谓语动词包括不定式、动名词和分词三种。
它们可以在句中充当除谓语以外的其他各种成分，即主语、表语、宾语、补语、定语和状语。
⏹1、非谓语动词作主语⏹（1）不定式和动名词可以在句中充当主语，但分词却不可以。
不定式一般表示具体或一次性动作，而动名词则表示一般或抽象的多次动作。
⏹_____ is not a serious disadvantage in life. ( 2001, 51)A. To be not tallB. Not to be tallC. Being not tallD. Not being tall⏹[D]【详解】非谓语动词在句中作了主语。
非谓语动词的否定式，要直接在非谓语动词前加not，因此可以直接排除[A]和[C]。
动名词和不定式都可以作句子主语，但动名词表示一贯性动作，不定式表示具体的一次性动作。
个子不高是一贯的事实，应用动名词形式，所以[D]正确。
⏹(2) 不定式和动名词都可以用it来代替作形式主语，但在含有no，-less等否定词的句子里，常用动名词作主语。
如：⏹It is useless talking with her.⏹It is no good discussing with her.⏹(3) 如果主语和表语都是非谓语动词，两者应保持同样的形式，或同为不定式，或同为动名词。
如：⏹To see is to believe. 眼见为实。
⏹Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。
(4) 不定式的逻辑主语一般由介词for引导,但下列表示人的性格行为特征的形容词做表语时, 不定式的逻辑主语则由of引导：absurd, bold, brave, courageous, careful, careless, clever, wise, foolish, silly, stupid, good, nice, kind, thoughtful, considerate, greedy, generous, honest, modest, polite, rude, cruel, selfish, lazy, wicked, wrong。
专四语法之非谓语动词.PPT
1
语态 时态 一般
非谓语动词的时态和语态 被 动
不定式
to be done
动名词 being done Having been done
现在分词 过去分词 being done
Having been done
完成
to have been done
注意： 过去分词无所谓主动和被动式，有且只有一般式done。
Attention！
there be 结构作介词宾语时为动名词形式 there being, 但在介词 for 之后的宾语必须用不定式 there to be。 I never dreamed of there being such a good chance. What’s the chance of there being a general election this year? It was too late for there to be any open shops.
专四语法复习之非谓语动词
谓语动词形式？非谓语动词形式？
teaches teaching will teach having taught was taught are teaching to teach teach
非 谓 语 动 词
不定式 (to) + v 动名词 v-ing
public, the star wore a pair of sunglasses.
非谓语动词的否定式为 not ＋ 非谓语动词
3
非谓语动词在句中作什么成分？
主语 谓语 宾语 定语 状语 补语
动名 词 现在 分词 不定 式 过去 分词
√
×
√
√பைடு நூலகம்
TEM4语法—Unit 1 非谓语动词
Unit 1 非谓语动词非谓语动词，又叫非限定动词，在句中不能单独充当谓语（但可以和情态动词或助动词一起充当谓语），它们不受主语的限定，没有人称和数的变化，具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，在句中可以充当主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、补足语等（除谓语外的其他各种成分）。
同时非限定动词也保留了动词的部分特征，有时态和语态的变化，也可以有自己的宾语、表语、状语等，构成非限定动词短语，在逻辑意义上也有其动作的执行者或承受者，叫非限定动词的逻辑主语(Logical Subjects)。
在历年的专四考试中，非谓语动词的考查占了相当大的比重。
1.非谓语动词做主语：（1）不定式和动名词在句中可以做主语，分词不可以。
（2）不定式一般表示具体或一次性动作，而动名词则表示一般或抽象的动作。
eg: Smoking is prohibited(禁止)here．这里禁止抽烟。
(抽象)It is not very good for you to smoke so much．你抽这么多烟对你身体很不好。
(具体) （3）不定式和动名词都可以用it来代替作形式主语，但在含有no, -lese等否定词的句子里，常用动名词作主语。
eg: It is useless talking with her.It is no good discussing with her.（4）如果主语和表语都是非谓语动词，两种应保持同样的形式，或同为不定式，或同为动名词。
eg: To see is to believe.Seeing is believing.（5）非谓语动词的否定式是直接在非谓语动词前加noteg: Not being tall is not a serious disadvantage in life.2.非谓语动词作宾语：（1）不定式和动名词在句中可以做宾语，分词不可以。
二者的区别在于：前者往往表示“未完成的”或者“未发生的动作”，而后者则表示“已完成的”或“已发生的”动作。
(完整版)英语专四试题非谓语动词专题
非谓语动词专题Part A1. The ability _____ an idea is as important as the idea itself.A. expressingB. expressedC. to expressD. to be expressed2. The players ____ from the whole country are expected to bring us honor in this summer game.A. selectingB. to selectC. selectedD. having selected3. Do you wake up every morning ____ energetic and ready to start a new day?A. feelB. to feelC. feelingD. felt4. The next thing he saw was smoke _____ from behind the house.A. roseB. risingC. to riseD. risen5. The island, ____ to the mainland by a bridge, is easy to go to.A. joiningB. to joinC. joinedD. having joined6. Sarah pretended to be cheerful, ____ noting about the argument.A. saysB. saidC. to sayD. saying7. Sit down, Emma. You will only make yourself more tired, ____ on your feet.A. to keepB. keepingC. having keptD. to have kept8. Passengers are permitted ____ only one piece of hand luggage onto the plane.A. to carryB. carryingC. to be carriedD. being carried9. ____ into English, the sentence was found to have an entirely different word order.A. TranslatingB. TranslatedC. To translateD. Having translated10. More TV programs, a ccording to government officials, will be produced ____ people’s concern over food safety.A. to raiseB. raisingC. to have raisedD. having raised11. Michael put up a picture of Yao Ming beside the bed to keep himself ____ of his own dreams.A. remindingB. to remindC. remindedD. remind12. Look over there----there’s a very long, winding path ____ up to the house.A. leadingB. leadsC. ledD. to lead13. On receiving a phone call from, his wife ____ she had a fall, Mr. Gordon immediately rushed home from his office.A. saysB. saidC. sayingD. to say14. Claire had her luggage ____ an hour before her plane left.A. checkB. checkingC. to checkD. checked15. More highways have been built in $2, ____ it much easier for people to travel from one place to another.A. makingB. madeC. to makeD. having made16. $2 $2, ____ in 1911, is home to a great number of outstanding figures.A. foundB. foundingC. foundedD. to be founded17. The difference in thickness and weight from the earlier version makes the iPad 2 more comfortable ____.A. heldB. holdingC. to heldD. to hold18. Bats are surprisingly long-lived creatures, some ____ a life span of around 20 years.A. havingB. hadC. haveD. to have19. Even the best writers sometimes find themselves ____ for words.A. loseB. lostC. to loseD. having lost20. If they win the final tonight, the team are going to tour around the city ____ by their enthusiastic supporters.A. being cheeredB. be cheeredC. to be cheeredD. were cheered21. Recently a survey ____ prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets has caused heated debate among citizens.A. comparedB. comparingC. comparesD. being compared22. Tom asked the candy makers if they could make the chocolate easier ____ into small pieces.A. breakB. breakingC. brokenD. to break23. ____ around the fire, the tourists danced with the local people.A. GatherB. To gatherC. GatheringD. To be gathering24. $2 doesn’t feel like ____ abroad. Her parents are old.A. studyB. studyingC. studiedD. to study25. Simon made a big bamboo box _____ the little sick bird till it could fly.A. keepB. keptC. keepingD. to keep26. ____ an important role in a new movie, Andy has got a chance to become famous.A. OfferB. OfferingC. OfferedD. To offerPart B1. Listen! Do you hear someone ____ for help?A. callingB. callC. to callD. called2. Dina, ____ for months to find a job as a waitress, finally took a position at a local advertising agency.A. strugglingB. struggledC. having struggledD. to struggle3. So far nobody has claimed the money ____ in the library.A. discoveredB. to be discoveredC. discoveringD. having discovered4. It rained heavily in the south, ____ serious flooding in several provinces.A. causedB. having causedC. causingD. to cause5. He had a wonderful childhood, ____ with his mother to all corners of the world.A. travelB. to travelC. traveledD. traveling6. The retired man donated most of his savings to the school damaged by the earthquake in Yushu,l _____ the students to return to their classrooms.A. enablingB. having enabledC. to enableD. to have enabled7. The living room is clean and tidy, with a dining table already ____ for a meal to be cooked.A. laidB. layingC. to layD. being laid8. In April, thousands of holidaymakers remained ____ abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud.A. stickingB. stuckC. to be stuckD. to have stuck9. I have a lot of readings _____ before the end of this term.A completing B. to complete C. completed D. being completed10. The traffic rule says young children under the age of four and ____ less than 40 pounds must be in a child safety seat.A. being weighedB. to weighC. weighedD. weighing11. We were astonished ____ the temple still in its original condition.A. finingB. to findC. findD. to be found12. Alexander tried to get his work _____ in the medical circles.A. to recognizeB. recognizingC. recognizeD. recognized13. ____ the city centre, we saw a stone statue of about ten meters in height.A. ApproachingB. ApproachedC. To approachD. To be approached14. Lucy has a great sense of humor and always keeps her colleagues ____ with her stories.A. amusedB. amusingC. to amuseD. to be amused15. Mr.s white showed her students some old maps _____ from the library.A. to borrowB. to be borrowedC. borrowedD. borrowing16. With Father’s Day around the corner, I have taken some money out of the bank ____ present for my dad.A. buyB. to buyC. buyingD. to have bought17. _____ at my classmate’s faces, I read the same excitement in their eyes.A. LookingB. LookC. To lookD. Looked18. I’m calling to enquire about the position ____ in yesterday’s China Daily.A. advertisedB. to be advertisedC. advertisingD. having advertised19. That is the only way we can imagine ____ the overuse of water in students’ bathrooms.A. reducingB. to reduceC. reducedD. reduce20. At the age of 29, Dave was a worker, ____ in a small apartment near $2 and ____ what to do about his future.A. living; wonderingB. lived; wonderingC. lived; wonderedD. living; wondered21. Nowadays people sometimes separate their waste to make it easier for it ____.A. reusingB. reusedC. reusesD. to be reused22. The children all turned ____ the famous actress as she entered the classroom.A. looked atB. to look atC. to looking atD. look at23. Now that we’ve discussed our problem, are people happy with the decisions ____?A. takingB. takeC. takenD. to take24. ____ the project in time, the staff were working at weekends.A. CompletingB. Having completedC. To have completedD. To complete25. ____ by the advances in technology, many farmers have set up wind farms on their land.A. Being encouragedB. EncouragingC. EncouragedD. Have encouraged26. _____ and short of breath, Andy and Ruby were the first to reach the top of $2 $2.A. To be tiredB. TiredC. TiringD. Being tired27. There is a great deal of evidence ____ that music activities engage different parts of the brain.A. indicateB. indicatingC. to indicateD. to be indicating28. ____ not to miss the flight at 15:20, the manager set out for the airport in a hurry.A. RemindingB. RemindedC. To remindD. Having reminded29. In April, 2009, President Hu inspected the warships in $2, ____ the 60th anniversary of the founding of the PLA Navy.A. markingB. markedC. Having markedD. being marked30. Schools across China are expected to hire 50, 000 college graduates this year asshort-term teachers, almost three times the number hired last year, ____ reduce unemployment pressures.A. helpB. to have helpedC. to helpD. having helped31. Distinguished guests and friends, welcome to our school. ____ the ceremony of the 50th Anniversary this morning are our alumni form home and abroad.A. AttendB. To attendC. AttendingD. Having attended32. We are invited to a party ____ in our club next Friday.A. to be heldB. heldC. being heldD. holding33. The play _____ next month aims mainly to reflect the local culture.A. producedB. being producedC. to be producedD. having been produced34. When we visited our old family home, memory came ____ back.A. floodingB. to floodC. floodD. flooded35. ____, you need to give all you have and try your best.A. Being a winnerB. To be a winnerC. Be a winnerD. Having been a winner36. The trees _____ in the storm have been moved off the road.A. being blown downB. blown downC. blowing downD. to blow down37. ____ the project as planned, we’ll have to work two more hours a day.A. CompletingB. CompleteC. CompletedD. To complete38. Susan wanted to be independent of her parents. She tried _____ alone, but she didn’t like it and moved back home.A. livingB. to liveC. to be livingD. having lived39. I like getting up very early in summer. The morning air is so good ____.A. to be breathedB. to breatheC. breathingD. being breathed40. _____ their hats into the air, the fans of the wining team let out loud shouts of victory.A. To throwB. ThrownC. ThrowingD. Being thrown41. ______ in the queue for half an hour, the old man suddenly realized he had left the cheque in the car.A. WaitingB. To waitC. Having waitedD. To have waited42. –Can those ____ at the back of the classroom hear me?--No problem.A. seatB. sitC. seatedD. sat43. ____ in the fields on a March afternoon, he could feel the warmth of spring.A. To walkB. WalkingC. WalkedD. Having walked44. ____ that he was in great danger, Eric walked deeper into the forest.A. Not realizedB. Not to realizeC. Not realizingD. Not to have realized45. It is one of the funniest things ____ on the Internet so far this year.A. findingB. being foundC. to findD. found46. ----They are quiet, aren’t they?---- Yes. They are accustomed ____ at meals.A. to talkB. to not talkC. to talkingD. to not talking47. To learn English well, we could find opportunities to hear English ____ as much as we can.A. speakB. speakingC. spokenD. to speak48. Lucy’s new job paid twice as much as she had made ____ in the restaurant.A. workingB. workC. to workD. worked49. He was busy writing a story, only ____ once in a while to smoke a cigarette.A. to stopB. stoppingC. to have stoppedD. having stopped50. Please remain ____; the winner of the prize will be announced soon.A. seatingB. seatedC. to seatD. to be seated51. As the light turned green, I stood for a moment, not ____, and asked myself what I was going to do.A. movedB. movingC. to moveD. being moved52. “Things ____ never come again!” I couldn’t help talking to myself.A. lostB. losingC. to loseD. have lost53. Jenny hopes that Mr. Smith will suggest a good way to have her written English ____ in a short period.A. improvedB. improvingC. to improveD. improvePart 3 (专四真题)1. The opening ceremony is a great occasion. It is essential ____ for that. (2003-47)a. for us to be preparedb. that we are preparedc. of us to be preparedd. our being prepared2. It is not uncommon for there ____ problems of communication between the old and the young.a. beingb. would bec. bed. to be3. What’s the chance of ____ a general election this year? (2005—61)a. there beingb. there to bec. there bed. there going to be4. The meeting was put off because we ____ a meeting without John. (2005—62)a. objected havingb. were objected to havingc. objected to haved. objected to having5. This may have preserved the elephant from being wiped out as well as other animals ____ in $2. (1996-46)a. huntedb. huntingc. that huntedd. are hunted6. AIDS is said ____ the number-one killer of both men and women over the past few years in that region. (2002-46)a. beingb. to bec. to have beend. having been7. The Minister of Finance is believed _____ of improving new taxes to raise extra revenue. (2004-48)a. that he is thinkingb. to be thinkingc. that he is to thinkd. to think8. Professor Johnson is said ____ some significant advance in his research in the past year. (1999-43)a. having madeb. makingc. to have maded. to make9. There are only ten apples left in the baskets, ____ the spoilt ones. (2006-63)a. not countingb. not to countc. don’t countd. having not counted10. If not ____ with the respect he feels due to him, Jack gets very ill-tempered and grumbles all the time. (2004—45)a. being treatedb. treatedc. be treatedd. having been treated11. Time ____, the celebration will be held as scheduled. (2003-48)a. permitb. permittingc. permittedd. permits12. Agriculture is the country’s chief source of wealth, wheat ____ by far the biggest cereal crop. (2003-41)a. isb. beenc. bed. being13. ____ at in this way, the present economic situation doesn’t seem so gloomy. (2000-51)a. Lookingb. Lookedc. Having lookedd. To look14. The three men tried many times to sneak across the border into the neighboring country, ____ by the police each time. (1992-42)a. had been capturedb. being always capturedc. only to be capturedd. unfortunately captured15. ____, he can now only watch it on TV at home. (1998-45)a. Obtaining not a ticket for the matchb. Not obtaining a ticket for the matchc. Not having obtained a ticket for the matchd. Not obtained a ticket for the match16. He wasn’t asked to take on the chairmanship of the society, ____ insufficiently popular with all members. (1996-45)a. having consideredb. was consideredc. was being consideredd. being considered17. The compositions contained so few errors that the teacher got the students ____ one another’s papers. (1992-58)a. correctb. to correctc. correctingd. to be correcting18. I don’t like ____ bills but when I do get them I like ____ them promptly. (1992-60)a. to get, payingb. getting, to payc. to get, to payd. getting, paying19. I never regretted ____ his offer, for it was not where my interest lay. (1993-53)a. not to acceptb. not having acceptedc. having not acceptedd. not accepting20. Arriving at the bus stop, ____ waiting there. (1994-52)a. a lot of people wereb. he found a lot of peoplec. a lot of peopled. people were found21. ____ regular training in nursing, she could hardly cope with the work at first. (1994-55)a. Not receivedb. Since receivingc. Having receivedd. Not having received22. The country’s chief exports are coal, cars and cotton goods, cars ____ the most important of these. (1994-57)a. have beenb. arec. beingd. are being23. He noticed the helicopter hovering over the field. Then to his astonishment, he saw a rope ladder ____ out and three men climbing down it. (1995-52)a. throwingb. being thrownc. having thrownd. having been thrown24. He resented ____ to wait. He expected the minister ____ him at once. (1995-53)a. to be asked, to seeb. being asked, to seec. to be asked, seeingd. being asked, seeing25. This missile is designed so that once ____ nothing can be done to retrieve it. (1995-63)a. firedb. being firedc. they firedd. having fired26. ____ time, he’ll make a first-class tennis player. (1996-42)a. Having timeb. Given C. Giving D. had27. In international matches, prestige is so important that the only thing that matters is to avoid ___. (1996-48)a. from being beatenb. being beatenc. beatingd. to be beaten28. ____ no cause for alarm, the old man went back to his room. (1996-51)a. There was B. Since C. Being D. There being29. The $2 haven’t decided yet which hotel ____ . (1998-49)a. to stayb. is to stayc. to stay atd. is for staying30. ____ enough time and money, the researchers would have been able to discover more in this field. (1998-51)a. Givingb. To give C. Given D. Being given31. There ____ nothing more for discussion, the meeting came to an end half an hour earlier. (200-45)a. to beb. to have beenc. beingd. be32. Even as a girl, ____ to be her life, and theater audiences were to be her best teachers. (2001-42)a. performing by Melissa wereb. it was known that Melissa’s performances werec. knowing that Melissa’s performances wered. Melissa knew that performing was33. ____ him tomorrow? (2001-43)a. Why not to call onb. Why don’t call onc. Why not to calling ond. Why not call on34. _____ should not become a serious disadvantage in life and work. (2010—65)a. To be not tallb. Not being tallc. Being not talld. Not to be tall35. ____ is not a serious disadvantage in life. (2001-51)a. To be not tallb. Not to be tallc. Being not talld. Not being tallKeys to Part A:1-5 c c c b c 6-10 d b a b a11-15 c a c d a 16-20 c d a b c21-26 b d c b d cKeys to Part B:1- 5 a c a c d 6-10 a a b b d11-15 b d a a c 16-20 b a a b a21-25 d b c d c 26-30 b b b a c31-35 c a c a b 36-40 b d a b c41-45 c c b c d 46-50 d c a b b51-53 b a aKeys to Part 3:1- 5 a d a d a 6-10 c b c a b11-15 b d b c c 16-20 d b b d b21-25 d c b b a 26-30 b b d c c31-35 c d d b d。
2 专四语法(非谓语动词)
I don’t mind _____ the decision as long as it is not too late. A. you to delay making B. your delaying making C. you delaying to make D. you delay to make Mind要求接动名词,动名词的逻辑主语用形 容词性物主代词，答案自然是B。
（4）非谓语动词作主语和状语时，若要使 用其否定形式，则需要将否定词放在整个 非谓语动词结构之前。
真题举例
1. _____, he can now only watch it on TV at home.(98, 45） A. Obtaining not a ticket for the match B. Not obtaining a ticket for the match C. Not having obtained a ticket for the match D. Not obtained a ticket for the match [C] 2. _____ is not a serious disadvantage in life.(01, 61 ) A. To be not tall B. Not to be tall C. Being not tall D. Not being tall [D]
真题举例
The three men tried many times to sneak across the border into the neighboring country, _____ by the police each time.(99, 42) A. had been captured B. being always captured C. only to be captured D. unfortunately captured [C]
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非谓语动词考点1：不定式专四题中对于不定式用法的考察比较少，特别是近些年的考题几乎已经不考了。
以前的考点基本集中在：(1) 考察哪些动词接不定式；(2) 考察哪些短语接不带to的不定式；1) can’t help/choose but do不得不,只能,不禁2) why not do sth1. __Why not call on_____him tomorrow?2001A. Why not to call onB. Why don’t call onC. Why not calling onD. Why not call on3) would do rather than do1.She said she would work it out herself, _rather than_____ ask me for help.1993A.and not toB.but notC.and prefer notD.rather than(3) 考察短语"be believed/said to do sth"的用法；1. The Minister of Finance is believed _to be thinking___ of imposing new taxes to raise extra revenue.2004A. that he is thinkingB. to be thinkingC. that he is to thinkD. to think2. AIDS is said _to have been_____the number-one killer of both men and women over the past few years in the region.2002A. beingB. to beC. to have beenD. having been3. Professor Johnson is said _to have made___some significant advance in his research in the past year. 1999A. having madeB. makingC. to have madeD. to make(4)考察动词不定时的时态和语态：进行式to be doing, 完成式to have done;一般式被动语态to be done; 完成式被动语态to have been done。
另外，不定式短语有将来时的意思；考点2：动名词（1）常接动名词做宾语的词：mind(介意), miss(逃过), mention(提及), prevent, postpone, practice, risk(冒险), resist(抵制), consider(考虑), admit(承认),avoid(避免), appreciate(感激), fancy(幻想), finish(完成)，feel like(喜欢), escape(逃脱), ensure(确保) , delay(延迟), deny(否认), resent, detest, imagine(想象), suggest(建议)1. In international matches, prestige is so important that the only thing that matters is to avoid__being beaten____. 1996A. from being beatenB. being beatenC. beatingD. to be beaten2. He resented _being asked _____to wait. He expected the minister _tosee_____ him at once.1995A. to be asked, to seeB. being asked, to seeC. to be asked, seeingD. being asked, seeing3.I never regretted __not accepting_____ offer, for it was not where my interest lay.1993A.not to acceptB.not having acceptedC.having not acceptedD.not accepting（2）介词后的ing：prevent/stop/keep sb /sth from doing 阻止…做…；spend/waste time /money in doing 在做…方面花钱、浪费时间或金钱；how /what about doing sth 做…怎么样了？；Have some difficulty/trouble in doing 在…方面有些困难；There is no sense in doing (做…是没有理由的)；Thank / admire /praise/blame /scold/ punish sb for doing sth因做某事而感谢、羡慕、表扬、责备、惩罚某人1. What a nice day! How about the three of us _taking____ a walk in the park nearby?2009A. to takeB. takeC. takingD. to be taking2. Though her father never approved of _her going_____ to drama school, she became a well-known actress.1991A. goingB. her to goC. her goingD. her go（3）接动名词做介词to 的宾语：apply oneself to致力于；be accustomed to习惯于；confess to供认；come to谈到；devote oneself to献身于；get down to着手做；give way to 对…让步；lead to导致；look forward to期待；next to几乎；object to反对；pay attention to注意；stick to坚持；stand up to勇敢面对；turn to求助于；be used to习惯于1. What’s the chance of __there being______ a general election this year?2005A. there beingB. there to beC. there beD. there going to be2. The meeting was put off because we _objected to having_________ a meeting without John.2005A. objected havingB. were objected to havingC. objected to haveD. objected to having考点3：分词（1）从语态上看，现在分词一般都表示主动，而过去分词一般表示被动；（2）从时态上看，现在分词表示进行，过去分词表示过去。
如果分词动作发生在句子谓语动词动作之前，分词用完成时。
（3）现在分词的否定形式是not放在分词之前。
1. _Not being tall____ should not become a serious disadvantage in life and work.2010/2001A. To be not tallB. Not being tallC. Being not tallD. Not to be tall2. "The man preparing the documents is the firm's lawyer" has all the following possible meanings EXCEPT . 2009A. the man who has prepared the documents...B. the man who has been preparing the documents...C. the man who is preparing the documents...D. the man who will prepare the documents...记住动名词不表示将来时态，所以will 等词一道的是不正确的3. _Looked_____ at in this way, the situation does not seem sodesperate.2007/2000A. LookingB. lookedC. Being lookedD. to look4. If not _treated___ with the respect he feels due to him, Jack gets veryill-tempered and grumbles all the time.2004A. being treatedB. treatedC. be treatedD. having been treated5. _Not having obtained a ticket for the match_____, he can now only watch it on TV at home. 1998A. Obtaining not a ticket for the matchB. Not obtaining a ticket for the matchC. Not having obtained a ticket for the matchD. Not obtained a ticket for the match6. This may have preserved the elephant from being wiped out as well as other animals _hunted___ in Africa. 1996A. huntedB. huntingC. that huntedD. are hunted7. He wasn’t asked to take on the chairmanship of the society, _being considered_____insufficiently poplar with all members.1996A. having consideredB. was consideredC. was being consideredD. being considered8. He noticed the helicopter hovering over the field. Then to his astonishment, he saw a rope ladder_being thrown_____ out and three men climbing down it. 1995A. throwingB. being thrownC. having thrownD. having been thrown9. This missile is designed so that once being fired____nothing can be done to retrieve it.1995A. firedB. being firedC. they firedD. having fired10. Arriving at the bus stop, _he found a lot of people____waiting there.1994A. a lot of people wereB. he found a lot of peopleC. a lot of peopleD. people were found11. _Not having received____ regular training in nursing, she could hardly cope with the work at first.1994A. Not receivedB. Since receivingC. Having receivedD. Not having received12. Born and raised in a fishing village____, he was chosen and trained as a professional swimmer. (1991)A. He was born and raised in a fishing villageB. Born and raised in a fishing villageC. That he was born and raised in a fishing villageD. In addition to he was born and raised in a fishing village13. _Having packed _____ their luggage , the group of tourists hurried to the airport.1991A. PackedB. After packedC. Finished packingD. Having packed14. The mother was afraid to let the boy_risk climbing__ the tree.1990A. to risk climbingB. risk climbingC. to risk to climbD. risk to climb15. Mr. Brown had the report typed as soon as he finished_writing__ it.1990A. to be typed, to writeB. typed, to writeC. being typed,writing D. typed, writing考点4：独立主格（句中没有连接词，逗号分开两个句子，存在两个主语。