当代研究生英语(下)unit2

2. What is HIV?
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (人类免疫缺陷病毒)
AIDS is different from HIV in that the former usually causes death while HIV may lead to AIDS.
3. What do you know about World AIDS Day? December,1st was established as World AIDS Day in 1988. It is the only international day of coordinate action (协调行动) against AIDS.
amphi- amphibian两栖动物
bi- bilingual双语的 di- dialogue \ dioxide \

twi- two twilight黎明；黄昏

一半


demi- demigod
hemi- hemisphere quasi- half quasi-official半官方的 para- half paramilitary准军事性的 semi- half semicircle半圆


IV. 具有地点、方向意义（包括上下、前后、来回、内外）的前缀有：
ab- = away from abnormal
circum- = around circumstance \ circumscribe com- = with, together committee
Unit 2
AIDS In The Third World
Knowledge
Movie & Discussion
I. Knowledge
Have you ever seen this design? This is the Red Ribbon. It is an international symbol(标志) of AIDS awareness. People wear the ribbon, particularly around World AIDS Day, to show care and concern(关注) about HIV and AIDS.
Discuss in Pairs
＊Have you ever met a patient of AIDS?
＊What will you call to mind when talking about AIDS?
＊Choose one of the following to do when being with an AIDS patient. Put them in an order from the first to the last according to your will:
II. Movie ＆ Discussion
Words to Conquer
counselor congratulation fired sue representation 律师；法律顾问 祝贺；恭喜 被解雇的 控告；起诉 代表；代理
Reaction to AIDS
Pathology
wenku.baidu.com
Pray for HIV positive



hyper- hypersensitive过度敏感的 \ hypersonic特超音速的
il- (im- \ in- \ ir- ) illegal非法的\ immoral不道德的 \ irregular非经常的 mal- maltreat虐待\ malnutrition营养不良 \ malfunction功能失调 mis- mistake错误\ mistrust不信任 non- nonsmoker不抽烟的人 \ nonproductive非生产性的 \ nonmetal非金 属 out- outnumber在数量上超过 \ outflow流出\ outlaw夺去法律上的权利 over- overuse使用过度 \ overlook俯视；忽视 \ overthrow推翻


V. 具有数量意义的有：
一 全部 holo- holography全息照片 mono- monoxide一氧化物 \ monotone单调 pan- Pan- American泛美的 omni- omnipresent无所不在的 \ omnipotent全能的 uni- unicycle 二





re- reclaim收回\ reverse反转的
retro- retrogress倒退 sub- subway地铁 \ subsonic亚音速的 \ subhead副标题 super- (supra-) superpower超级大国\ supersensitive过度敏感\ supranational超国家的


in-(im- \ em- \en- ) = in embed嵌入\ embody体现\ enroll入籍\ import进口\ immigrate移民 \ indoor室内 \ intake吸纳
inter- = between interfere干涉\ interlude插曲

intra- = inside intramural在城市或者建筑内的 \ intranet内部网络



be- befall降临\ bethink思考 co- (变体有com- \ con- \ cor- )，commemorate纪念\ condense压缩


de- delimit界定\ design设计
e- (变体有ef - \ em- \ en- \ex- )evaluate评价 \ embody 体现 \ enchain用 锁住 i- (变体有il- \ im- \ in- )，例如：illuminate照亮\ illustrate阐 明\ impulse冲动\ inflame着火


II. 具有否定意义（表示对词根反向的概念，另外包括外向概念、下概 念、过度或不足概念等）的前缀有：
a-（变体有ab- \ an- ）例如：asocial不好社交的 \ asexual无性别的 \ abuse滥用 \ abnormal 不正常的 \ anarchism无政府主义 anti- antiwar反战的\ antitank反坦克的 contra- contra-missile反导弹的\ contradict矛盾的
4. How many ways can HIV spread?
1) contact with infected blood 2) mother-to-child 3) sex
5. Who is most likely to become infected? Anyone can become infected with HIV. HIV is transmitted sexually or through drug use by contaminated blood.




counter- counterrevolution反革命 \ counterattack反击
de- demobilize复员 \ deforest砍伐森林\ derail火车出轨 \ devalue 贬值 dif- diffuse散布 dis- dislike厌恶 \ dishonest不诚实的 \ disability无能\ disorganize解散\ discolor使褪色 \ distract 分散（注意力等）
1. What is AIDS?
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (后天性免疫缺陷综合症)
It is a disease that limits the body’s ability to fight infection. A person with AIDS has a very weak immune system, turning normally mild or rare diseases into potentially fatal conditions.
Discuss in Pairs
kiss share a book
hug
dance together
share a shaver
swim in the pool sit side by side
shake hands
英语构词法知识——前缀

词缀分为前缀和后缀两种。在大多数情况下，前缀往往改变词根 的词义，而后缀更多改变的是原词根的词性。结合阅读实践过程 中的实际用途，根据前缀的不同作用，把前缀分为：加强意义；否定 和肯定意义；数量意义等几类。 I. 具有加强的常用前缀有(包括改变词性的使成性前缀)：这一类前 缀中有的仅仅加强词根的意义，如attract；有的使成性前缀则改变 词根的词性，如assure则由原来的形容词sure加强转化而来。 a- (变体有：ac- , ad- ,af- , ag- , an- , ap , ar- , at- ， 都是在原来的词根前面添加字母a或者再加上词根原来的首字母)， aloud大声地\ account叙述 \ affirm申明\ aggrieve使苦恼 \ announce宣布\ appraise赞扬\ arrange安排\ assure使安心\ attract吸引


de- = down from deceit
dis- = away discharge e- (ef- \ ex- \exo- ）= out evade流逸\ export出口\ exclude排除 \ ex-soldier退伍军人\ ex-husband前夫\ exobiology外太空生物学 extra- = outside extracurricular课外的 \ extraordinary格外的 fore- = before forehead前额\ foreground前景

out- = out outdoor户外\ outflow流出 para (pari-)- = around, near parasite寄生虫\ pericardial心脏周围的 per- = through perceive post- = after postwar战后\ posterity后代 pre- = before prewar战前 \ prehistory史前 pro- = forward protrude伸出 \ progress前进 re- = back recall回忆 \ retell复述 retro- = back retrogress退步 \ retrograde倒退 sub- = under subway地铁\ submarine海面以下的 super- = above superstructure上层建筑 \superficial表面的 sur- = over surface表面 \ surmount攀登上山 trans- = across transatlantic横越大西洋的 \ transport运输 under- = under underground地下的 \underwear内衣 ultra- = beyond ultraviolet紫外线

sur- surface表面 \ surplus多余的 un- unreal虚假的\ unconditional无条件的\ unjust不公正的 \ unchanged未改变的\ unlock开锁\ unearth出土 vice- vice-president副总统 / vice- chairman副主席 III.具有时间意义的前缀有： ante- = before : antecedent前事 pre post-