定语从句精讲精练 无答案

定语从句精讲精练

基础知识

1. 定义：在句子中充当定语成分的句子。

2. 结构：先行词+关系词+从句剩余部分

A doctor is a person who cures patients.

3. 先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词、代词,位于定语从句之前。

4. 关系词：又称关联词,用于①引导定语从句,②在定语从句中代替先行词,充当句中成分。

关系词分类：分为关系代词和关系副词。

5. 从句分类：限制性定语从句,非限制性性定语从句。

限制性定语从句：对被修饰的先行词有限定制约的作用,是句子的必要成分,不可省略。

The person (who/ whom) you were looking for is downstairs.

非限制性定语从句：对被修饰的先行词起补充说明的作用,不是句子的必要成分,省去不会影响句意。

This mobile phone was left by Tom, who was here a moment ago.

关系代词

1. 作用：在从句中可充当主语、宾语和定语。

关系代词有：that, who, whom, which, whose, as

2. 关系代词that

That只用于__________性定语从句,可以指代人,也可以指代物,在从句中作__________语、__________语或__________语,作宾语或表语时可以省略。

Jerry is no longer the person (that/ who/ whom) I met five years ago.

After this he is not the man that he used to be.

Views that/ which are entirely new or foreign may also be hard to accept.

The company that I opened lies in the center of the city.

注意：

1. that不用在介词之后

The pen with __________ you are writing is Jerry’s.

A zoo is a park in __________ you can see many kinds of animals.

2. that不用在非限制性定语从句中

Their house was washed away by the flood, which made them sad.

Have you ever read the book, which was written by Austin?

3. 必须用that的几种情况

①当先行词是不定代词anything/ everything/ nothing等或是every/ any/ all/ little/ few/ much/ each等词或由他们修饰时

All that can be done has been done.

There is nothing that I can do for you.

②当先行词被序数词、最高级、the very/ the only/ the same/ the last等修饰的时候

The first place that they visited in London was the Big Ben.

This is the best film that I have seen.

He is the only child that his parents have.

③当先行词既有物又有人时

Can you remember the scientist and his theory that we have learned?

④主句是以who或which开头的疑问句

Who is the person that is standing at the gate?

Which of us that knows something about physics cannot join electric wires?

3. 关系代词who

who指人,通常在从句中作主语,也可作宾语,在限制性定语从句中作宾语可省略。

Generally speaking, people who have the highest EQ are the most successful.

Those are the workers who he employs.

The boy who was in the office yesterday is my friend.

注意：

1. 只能用who的几种情况

①先行词是指人的代词one/ ones/ anyone/ those

The ones who flatter me can’t please me.

One who has nothing to fear for oneself dares to tell the truth.

We don’t want anyone who can’t afford the tuition fee to drop out of school.

Those who are unfit for their work should leave office at once.

②There be结构中,主语是指人的名词

There’s a gentleman who wants to see you.

③两个定语从句中一个用了that引导,另一个指人的关系代词用who

The student that was praised at class meeting is the monitor who is very modest and study hard.

2. 先行词为“the way”，表示“方式、方法”时的用法：

I don’t like the way that he speaks to you.

We like the way in which you organized the activity.