句子翻译解题技巧

句子翻译解题技巧

Four Asian Tigers

Color

Blue /red

Blue sky

Blue sky lamp

Green

Bluebird

Meet one’s waterloo

White ~

7-ｕｐ/１３

You are the architect of your own fortune. You have to blow your own horn.

1.翻译题介绍和考点归纳

翻译题主要考查学生对词汇和语法的掌握情况。考试时，考生首先要弄清楚每题的考点,是考词汇还是语法内容。开始翻译时，应注意汉英在词性、句式和表达习惯上的特点，增加原文中无其形而有其义的词汇，如量词、助词、概括词、时态词、语态词、及其它解释性文字。

2.翻译时应注意的要点

1）句子的完整问题

句子的完整问题主要涉及主语。

For example

“只要还有需求，我就有活着的理由，满足就是死亡”

As long as I have a want, I have a reason for living. Satisfaction is death.

“无论多么成功，人们都将继续面对困难”

No matter how successful they become, people will continue to face difficulties.

2)动词形式和处理方式问题

动词形式和处理方式问题主要涉及该使用哪种非谓语动词形式和出现在主语位置上的动词。

For example

“确定目标是确保成功的第一步”

Setting goals is the first step in achieving success.

将事物分类就是根据一定的计划把他们分组或排序

To classify things is to arrange them in groups or sequences according to a plan.

其它位置

“变化要求采取正确的行动”

Change requires taking the right action.

除了将汉语的动宾结构处理为非谓语结构外，可以借助于英语的此类转换，将动宾结构翻译成“名词1+介词+名词2”结构

For example

“事情无论大小，注意细节对于成功至关重要”

It is +adj for sb. to do sth .

Whether it is a great matter or a small one, attention to detail is vital to success. Paying attention to

3)时态照应问题

翻译时很容易冒犯的一个低级错误就是忽视前后时态的照应，表面上看将“虽然他非常痛恨过去”翻译成Much he hates the past绝对没有问题，但是，如果后面分句是he wrote two books documenting his five-year prison experience，那情况那就不同了，因为wrote明确限定了时间，所以hates就应该改为hated，这就是时态照应。

The researchers concluded that the more time children spend watching television,________(他们的学习成绩越差)

“他们的学习成绩越差”可以翻译成：the poorer they perform academically

对虚拟语气的测试自然是时态，使用be型虚拟语气还是were型虚拟语气就涉及时态照应问题

________________________（要不是因为我生病了），I would have lent him a helping hand.

译文： Had it not been for my illness

4）语态问题

翻译的语态问题包括谓语动词的被动语态，也包括非谓语动词的被动结构。汉语使用被动语气的几率小于英语，即从结构上看，汉语是主动语态的地方，翻译成英语时需要使用被动语态，尤其是无主句。

For example

“通常六点半开灯”

The lights are usually turned on at 6；30

“为这事已经拨了大笔款项”

A large sum of money has been put aside for that purpose.

3.行文需要，不更换主语或者宾语，使用被动语态

“当有人向他提起那封信时，他感到很尴尬”

He found it very embarrassing to be reminded of that letter.

Have

Entangle

Fight with

Have lower hand over

Carry

Exchange for a heap of silver corns

5)平行结构问题

平行部分可以单词、词组、句子、段落

For examples

Seeing much, , and studying much are the three pillars of learning.

Cherish your yesterday;______; but live your today.

考察点: or, either…or, not only…but also, not…but, rather than

For examples

看到人们物质丰富，而精神匮乏，这事一种遗憾。

It is a pity to find people rich in goods,________.

6)语序问题

句子翻译中的语序问题主要涉及倒装结构

○1Only 修饰状语放在句首

只有晚上和周末努力工作，他才可能在期限签完报告。